1 # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE
2 # Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc.
3 # This file is distributed under the same license as the PACKAGE package.
4 # FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
9 "Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
10 "POT-Creation-Date: 2009-09-18 16:44+0300\n"
11 "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
12 "Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
13 "Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
15 "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8\n"
16 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: ENCODING"
33 msgid "Debian GNU/Linux"
44 msgid "apt - Advanced Package Tool"
67 "APT is a management system for software packages. For normal day to day "
68 "package management there are several frontends available, such as "
69 "B<aptitude>(8) for the command line or B<synaptic>(8) for the X Window "
70 "System. Some options are only implemented in B<apt-get>(8) though."
99 "B<apt-cache>(8), B<apt-get>(8), B<apt.conf>(5), B<sources.list>(5), "
100 "B<apt_preferences>(5), B<apt-secure>(8)"
111 msgid "apt returns zero on normal operation, decimal 100 on error."
122 msgid "This manpage isn't even started."
128 "See E<lt>http://bugs.debian.org/aptE<gt>. If you wish to report a bug in "
129 "B<apt>, please see I</usr/share/doc/debian/bug-reporting.txt> or the "
130 "B<reportbug>(1) command."
141 msgid "apt was written by the APT team E<lt>apt@packages.debian.orgE<gt>."
146 msgid "<!-- -*- mode: sgml; mode: fold -*- -->"
152 "<!-- Some common paths.. --> <!ENTITY docdir \"/usr/share/doc/apt/\"> "
153 "<!ENTITY guidesdir \"/usr/share/doc/apt-doc/\"> <!ENTITY configureindex "
154 "\"<filename>&docdir;examples/configure-index.gz</filename>\"> <!ENTITY "
155 "aptconfdir \"<filename>/etc/apt.conf</filename>\"> <!ENTITY statedir "
156 "\"/var/lib/apt\"> <!ENTITY cachedir \"/var/cache/apt\">"
163 "<!-- Cross references to other man pages -->\n"
164 "<!ENTITY apt-conf \"<citerefentry>\n"
165 " <refentrytitle><filename>apt.conf</filename></refentrytitle>\n"
166 " <manvolnum>5</manvolnum>\n"
167 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
175 "<!ENTITY apt-get \"<citerefentry>\n"
176 " <refentrytitle><command>apt-get</command></refentrytitle>\n"
177 " <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>\n"
178 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
186 "<!ENTITY apt-config \"<citerefentry>\n"
187 " <refentrytitle><command>apt-config</command></refentrytitle>\n"
188 " <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>\n"
189 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
197 "<!ENTITY apt-cdrom \"<citerefentry>\n"
198 " <refentrytitle><command>apt-cdrom</command></refentrytitle>\n"
199 " <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>\n"
200 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
208 "<!ENTITY apt-cache \"<citerefentry>\n"
209 " <refentrytitle><command>apt-cache</command></refentrytitle>\n"
210 " <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>\n"
211 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
219 "<!ENTITY apt-preferences \"<citerefentry>\n"
220 " <refentrytitle><command>apt_preferences</command></refentrytitle>\n"
221 " <manvolnum>5</manvolnum>\n"
222 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
230 "<!ENTITY apt-key \"<citerefentry>\n"
231 " <refentrytitle><command>apt-key</command></refentrytitle>\n"
232 " <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>\n"
233 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
241 "<!ENTITY apt-secure \"<citerefentry>\n"
242 " <refentrytitle>apt-secure</refentrytitle>\n"
243 " <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>\n"
244 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
252 "<!ENTITY apt-ftparchive \"<citerefentry>\n"
253 " <refentrytitle><filename>apt-ftparchive</filename></refentrytitle>\n"
254 " <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>\n"
255 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
263 "<!ENTITY sources-list \"<citerefentry>\n"
264 " <refentrytitle><filename>sources.list</filename></refentrytitle>\n"
265 " <manvolnum>5</manvolnum>\n"
266 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
274 "<!ENTITY reportbug \"<citerefentry>\n"
275 " <refentrytitle><command>reportbug</command></refentrytitle>\n"
276 " <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>\n"
277 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
285 "<!ENTITY dpkg \"<citerefentry>\n"
286 " <refentrytitle><command>dpkg</command></refentrytitle>\n"
287 " <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>\n"
288 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
296 "<!ENTITY dpkg-buildpackage \"<citerefentry>\n"
297 " <refentrytitle><command>dpkg-buildpackage</command></refentrytitle>\n"
298 " <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>\n"
299 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
307 "<!ENTITY gzip \"<citerefentry>\n"
308 " <refentrytitle><command>gzip</command></refentrytitle>\n"
309 " <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>\n"
310 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
318 "<!ENTITY dpkg-scanpackages \"<citerefentry>\n"
319 " <refentrytitle><command>dpkg-scanpackages</command></refentrytitle>\n"
320 " <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>\n"
321 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
329 "<!ENTITY dpkg-scansources \"<citerefentry>\n"
330 " <refentrytitle><command>dpkg-scansources</command></refentrytitle>\n"
331 " <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>\n"
332 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
340 "<!ENTITY dselect \"<citerefentry>\n"
341 " <refentrytitle><command>dselect</command></refentrytitle>\n"
342 " <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>\n"
343 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
351 "<!ENTITY aptitude \"<citerefentry>\n"
352 " <refentrytitle><command>aptitude</command></refentrytitle>\n"
353 " <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>\n"
354 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
362 "<!ENTITY synaptic \"<citerefentry>\n"
363 " <refentrytitle><command>synaptic</command></refentrytitle>\n"
364 " <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>\n"
365 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
373 "<!ENTITY debsign \"<citerefentry>\n"
374 " <refentrytitle><command>debsign</command></refentrytitle>\n"
375 " <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>\n"
376 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
384 "<!ENTITY debsig-verify \"<citerefentry>\n"
385 " <refentrytitle><command>debsig-verify</command></refentrytitle>\n"
386 " <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>\n"
387 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
395 "<!ENTITY gpg \"<citerefentry>\n"
396 " <refentrytitle><command>gpg</command></refentrytitle>\n"
397 " <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>\n"
398 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
406 "<!ENTITY gnome-apt \"<citerefentry>\n"
407 " <refentrytitle><command>gnome-apt</command></refentrytitle>\n"
408 " <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>\n"
409 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
417 "<!ENTITY wajig \"<citerefentry>\n"
418 " <refentrytitle><command>wajig</command></refentrytitle>\n"
419 " <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>\n"
420 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
428 "<!-- Boiler plate docinfo section -->\n"
429 "<!ENTITY apt-docinfo \"\n"
431 " <address><email>apt@packages.debian.org</email></address>\n"
433 " <firstname>Jason</firstname> <surname>Gunthorpe</surname>\n"
434 " <contrib></contrib>\n"
436 " <copyright><year>1998-2001</year> <holder>Jason "
437 "Gunthorpe</holder></copyright>\n"
438 " <date>28 October 2008</date>\n"
439 " <productname>Linux</productname>\n"
454 "<!ENTITY apt-email \"\n"
456 " <email>apt@packages.debian.org</email>\n"
465 "<!ENTITY apt-author.jgunthorpe \"\n"
467 " <firstname>Jason</firstname>\n"
468 " <surname>Gunthorpe</surname>\n"
469 " <contrib></contrib>\n"
478 "<!ENTITY apt-author.moconnor \"\n"
480 " <firstname>Mike</firstname>\n"
481 " <surname>O'Connor</surname>\n"
482 " <contrib></contrib>\n"
491 "<!ENTITY apt-author.team \"\n"
493 " <othername>APT team</othername>\n"
494 " <contrib></contrib>\n"
500 #: apt.ent:204 apt.ent:215
503 "<!ENTITY apt-product \"\n"
504 " <productname>Linux</productname>\n"
512 "<!ENTITY apt-copyright \"\n"
514 " <holder>Jason Gunthorpe</holder>\n"
515 " <year>1998-2001</year>\n"
524 "<!ENTITY apt-qapage \"\n"
526 "\t\t<ulink url='http://packages.qa.debian.org/a/apt.html'>QA Page</ulink>\n"
535 "<!-- Boiler plate Bug reporting section -->\n"
536 "<!ENTITY manbugs \"\n"
537 " <refsect1><title>Bugs</title>\n"
538 " <para><ulink url='http://bugs.debian.org/src:apt'>APT bug "
540 " If you wish to report a bug in APT, please see\n"
541 " <filename>/usr/share/doc/debian/bug-reporting.txt</filename> or the\n"
542 " &reportbug; command.\n"
552 "<!-- Boiler plate Author section -->\n"
553 "<!ENTITY manauthor \"\n"
554 " <refsect1><title>Author</title>\n"
555 " <para>APT was written by the APT team "
556 "<email>apt@packages.debian.org</email>.\n"
566 "<!-- Should be used within the option section of the text to\n"
567 " put in the blurb about -h, -v, -c and -o -->\n"
568 "<!ENTITY apt-commonoptions \"\n"
569 " <varlistentry><term><option>-h</option></term>\n"
570 " <term><option>--help</option></term>\n"
571 " <listitem><para>Show a short usage summary.\n"
582 " <term><option>-v</option></term>\n"
583 " <term><option>--version</option></term>\n"
584 " <listitem><para>Show the program version.\n"
595 " <term><option>-c</option></term>\n"
596 " <term><option>--config-file</option></term>\n"
597 " <listitem><para>Configuration File; Specify a configuration file to "
599 " The program will read the default configuration file and then this \n"
600 " configuration file. See &apt-conf; for syntax information. \n"
611 " <term><option>-o</option></term>\n"
612 " <term><option>--option</option></term>\n"
613 " <listitem><para>Set a Configuration Option; This will set an "
615 " configuration option. The syntax is <option>-o "
616 "Foo::Bar=bar</option>.\n"
617 " <option>-o</option> and <option>--option</option> can be used "
619 " times to set different options.\n"
630 "<!-- Should be used within the option section of the text to\n"
631 " put in the blurb about -h, -v, -c and -o -->\n"
632 "<!ENTITY apt-cmdblurb \"\n"
633 " <para>All command line options may be set using the configuration file, "
635 " descriptions indicate the configuration option to set. For boolean\n"
636 " options you can override the config file by using something like \n"
637 " <option>-f-</option>,<option>--no-f</option>, <option>-f=no</option>\n"
638 " or several other variations.\n"
647 "<!ENTITY file-aptconf \"\n"
648 " <varlistentry><term><filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf</filename></term>\n"
649 " <listitem><para>APT configuration file.\n"
650 " Configuration Item: "
651 "<literal>Dir::Etc::Main</literal>.</para></listitem>\n"
659 " <varlistentry><term><filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/</filename></term>\n"
660 " <listitem><para>APT configuration file fragments.\n"
661 " Configuration Item: "
662 "<literal>Dir::Etc::Parts</literal>.</para></listitem>\n"
671 "<!ENTITY file-cachearchives \"\n"
672 " <varlistentry><term><filename>&cachedir;/archives/</filename></term>\n"
673 " <listitem><para>Storage area for retrieved package files.\n"
674 " Configuration Item: "
675 "<literal>Dir::Cache::Archives</literal>.</para></listitem>\n"
684 "<varlistentry><term><filename>&cachedir;/archives/partial/</filename></term>\n"
685 " <listitem><para>Storage area for package files in transit.\n"
686 " Configuration Item: <literal>Dir::Cache::Archives</literal> (implicit "
687 "partial). </para></listitem>\n"
696 "<!ENTITY file-preferences \"\n"
697 " <varlistentry><term><filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename></term>\n"
698 " <listitem><para>Version preferences file.\n"
699 " This is where you would specify "pinning",\n"
700 " i.e. a preference to get certain packages\n"
701 " from a separate source\n"
702 " or from a different version of a distribution.\n"
703 " Configuration Item: "
704 "<literal>Dir::Etc::Preferences</literal>.</para></listitem>\n"
713 "<varlistentry><term><filename>/etc/apt/preferences.d/</filename></term>\n"
714 " <listitem><para>File fragments for the version preferences.\n"
715 " Configuration Item: "
716 "<literal>Dir::Etc::PreferencesParts</literal>.</para></listitem>\n"
725 "<!ENTITY file-sourceslist \"\n"
726 " <varlistentry><term><filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename></term>\n"
727 " <listitem><para>Locations to fetch packages from.\n"
728 " Configuration Item: "
729 "<literal>Dir::Etc::SourceList</literal>.</para></listitem>\n"
738 "<varlistentry><term><filename>/etc/apt/sources.list.d/</filename></term>\n"
739 " <listitem><para>File fragments for locations to fetch packages from.\n"
740 " Configuration Item: "
741 "<literal>Dir::Etc::SourceParts</literal>.</para></listitem>\n"
750 "<!ENTITY file-statelists \"\n"
751 " <varlistentry><term><filename>&statedir;/lists/</filename></term>\n"
752 " <listitem><para>Storage area for state information for each package "
753 "resource specified in\n"
755 " Configuration Item: "
756 "<literal>Dir::State::Lists</literal>.</para></listitem>\n"
765 "<varlistentry><term><filename>&statedir;/lists/partial/</filename></term>\n"
766 " <listitem><para>Storage area for state information in transit.\n"
767 " Configuration Item: <literal>Dir::State::Lists</literal> (implicit "
768 "partial).</para></listitem>\n"
773 #. The last update date
774 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refentryinfo>
775 #: apt-cache.8.xml:13 apt-config.8.xml:13 apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:13 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:13 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:13 sources.list.5.xml:13
777 "&apt-author.jgunthorpe; &apt-author.team; &apt-email; &apt-product; <date>29 "
778 "February 2004</date>"
781 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
782 #: apt-cache.8.xml:22 apt-cache.8.xml:29
786 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refmeta><manvolnum>
787 #: apt-cache.8.xml:23 apt-cdrom.8.xml:22 apt-config.8.xml:23 apt-get.8.xml:23 apt-key.8.xml:15 apt-mark.8.xml:23 apt-secure.8.xml:15
791 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refmeta><refmiscinfo>
792 #: apt-cache.8.xml:24 apt-cdrom.8.xml:23 apt-config.8.xml:24 apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:24 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:24 apt-get.8.xml:24 apt-key.8.xml:16 apt-mark.8.xml:24 apt-secure.8.xml:16 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:24 apt.conf.5.xml:30 apt_preferences.5.xml:23 sources.list.5.xml:24
796 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
797 #: apt-cache.8.xml:30
798 msgid "APT package handling utility -- cache manipulator"
801 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsynopsisdiv><cmdsynopsis>
802 #: apt-cache.8.xml:36
804 "<command>apt-cache</command> <arg><option>-hvsn</option></arg> "
805 "<arg><option>-o=<replaceable>config string</replaceable></option></arg> "
806 "<arg><option>-c=<replaceable>file</replaceable></option></arg> <group "
807 "choice=\"req\"> <arg>add <arg choice=\"plain\" "
808 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>file</replaceable></arg></arg> "
809 "<arg>gencaches</arg> <arg>showpkg <arg choice=\"plain\" "
810 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkg</replaceable></arg></arg> <arg>showsrc <arg "
811 "choice=\"plain\" rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkg</replaceable></arg></arg> "
812 "<arg>stats</arg> <arg>dump</arg> <arg>dumpavail</arg> <arg>unmet</arg> "
814 "choice=\"plain\"><replaceable>regex</replaceable></arg></arg> <arg>show <arg "
815 "choice=\"plain\" rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkg</replaceable></arg></arg> "
816 "<arg>depends <arg choice=\"plain\" "
817 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkg</replaceable></arg></arg> <arg>rdepends <arg "
818 "choice=\"plain\" rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkg</replaceable></arg></arg> "
819 "<arg>pkgnames <arg "
820 "choice=\"plain\"><replaceable>prefix</replaceable></arg></arg> <arg>dotty "
821 "<arg choice=\"plain\" "
822 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkg</replaceable></arg></arg> <arg>xvcg <arg "
823 "choice=\"plain\" rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkg</replaceable></arg></arg> "
824 "<arg>policy <arg choice=\"plain\" "
825 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkgs</replaceable></arg></arg> <arg>madison <arg "
826 "choice=\"plain\" rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkgs</replaceable></arg></arg> "
830 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
831 #: apt-cache.8.xml:62 apt-cdrom.8.xml:47 apt-config.8.xml:47 apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:43 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:55 apt-get.8.xml:125 apt-key.8.xml:34 apt-mark.8.xml:52 apt-secure.8.xml:40 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:44 apt.conf.5.xml:39 apt_preferences.5.xml:33 sources.list.5.xml:33
835 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
836 #: apt-cache.8.xml:63
838 "<command>apt-cache</command> performs a variety of operations on APT's "
839 "package cache. <command>apt-cache</command> does not manipulate the state of "
840 "the system but does provide operations to search and generate interesting "
841 "output from the package metadata."
844 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
845 #: apt-cache.8.xml:68 apt-get.8.xml:131
847 "Unless the <option>-h</option>, or <option>--help</option> option is given, "
848 "one of the commands below must be present."
851 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
852 #: apt-cache.8.xml:72
853 msgid "add <replaceable>file(s)</replaceable>"
856 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
857 #: apt-cache.8.xml:73
859 "<literal>add</literal> adds the named package index files to the package "
860 "cache. This is for debugging only."
863 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
864 #: apt-cache.8.xml:77
868 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
869 #: apt-cache.8.xml:78
871 "<literal>gencaches</literal> performs the same operation as <command>apt-get "
872 "check</command>. It builds the source and package caches from the sources in "
873 "&sources-list; and from <filename>/var/lib/dpkg/status</filename>."
876 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
877 #: apt-cache.8.xml:84
878 msgid "showpkg <replaceable>pkg(s)</replaceable>"
881 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
882 #: apt-cache.8.xml:85
884 "<literal>showpkg</literal> displays information about the packages listed on "
885 "the command line. Remaining arguments are package names. The available "
886 "versions and reverse dependencies of each package listed are listed, as well "
887 "as forward dependencies for each version. Forward (normal) dependencies are "
888 "those packages upon which the package in question depends; reverse "
889 "dependencies are those packages that depend upon the package in "
890 "question. Thus, forward dependencies must be satisfied for a package, but "
891 "reverse dependencies need not be. For instance, <command>apt-cache showpkg "
892 "libreadline2</command> would produce output similar to the following:"
895 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><informalexample><programlisting>
896 #: apt-cache.8.xml:97
899 "Package: libreadline2\n"
900 "Versions: 2.1-12(/var/state/apt/lists/foo_Packages),\n"
901 "Reverse Depends: \n"
902 " libreadlineg2,libreadline2\n"
903 " libreadline2-altdev,libreadline2\n"
905 "2.1-12 - libc5 (2 5.4.0-0) ncurses3.0 (0 (null))\n"
908 "Reverse Provides: \n"
911 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
912 #: apt-cache.8.xml:109
914 "Thus it may be seen that libreadline2, version 2.1-12, depends on libc5 and "
915 "ncurses3.0 which must be installed for libreadline2 to work. In turn, "
916 "libreadlineg2 and libreadline2-altdev depend on libreadline2. If "
917 "libreadline2 is installed, libc5 and ncurses3.0 (and ldso) must also be "
918 "installed; libreadlineg2 and libreadline2-altdev do not have to be "
919 "installed. For the specific meaning of the remainder of the output it is "
920 "best to consult the apt source code."
923 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
924 #: apt-cache.8.xml:118
928 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
929 #: apt-cache.8.xml:118
931 "<literal>stats</literal> displays some statistics about the cache. No "
932 "further arguments are expected. Statistics reported are:"
935 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
936 #: apt-cache.8.xml:121
938 "<literal>Total package names</literal> is the number of package names found "
942 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
943 #: apt-cache.8.xml:125
945 "<literal>Normal packages</literal> is the number of regular, ordinary "
946 "package names; these are packages that bear a one-to-one correspondence "
947 "between their names and the names used by other packages for them in "
948 "dependencies. The majority of packages fall into this category."
951 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
952 #: apt-cache.8.xml:131
954 "<literal>Pure virtual packages</literal> is the number of packages that "
955 "exist only as a virtual package name; that is, packages only \"provide\" the "
956 "virtual package name, and no package actually uses the name. For instance, "
957 "\"mail-transport-agent\" in the Debian GNU/Linux system is a pure virtual "
958 "package; several packages provide \"mail-transport-agent\", but there is no "
959 "package named \"mail-transport-agent\"."
962 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
963 #: apt-cache.8.xml:139
965 "<literal>Single virtual packages</literal> is the number of packages with "
966 "only one package providing a particular virtual package. For example, in the "
967 "Debian GNU/Linux system, \"X11-text-viewer\" is a virtual package, but only "
968 "one package, xless, provides \"X11-text-viewer\"."
971 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
972 #: apt-cache.8.xml:145
974 "<literal>Mixed virtual packages</literal> is the number of packages that "
975 "either provide a particular virtual package or have the virtual package name "
976 "as the package name. For instance, in the Debian GNU/Linux system, "
977 "\"debconf\" is both an actual package, and provided by the debconf-tiny "
981 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
982 #: apt-cache.8.xml:152
984 "<literal>Missing</literal> is the number of package names that were "
985 "referenced in a dependency but were not provided by any package. Missing "
986 "packages may be in evidence if a full distribution is not accessed, or if a "
987 "package (real or virtual) has been dropped from the distribution. Usually "
988 "they are referenced from Conflicts or Breaks statements."
991 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
992 #: apt-cache.8.xml:159
994 "<literal>Total distinct</literal> versions is the number of package versions "
995 "found in the cache; this value is therefore at least equal to the number of "
996 "total package names. If more than one distribution (both \"stable\" and "
997 "\"unstable\", for instance), is being accessed, this value can be "
998 "considerably larger than the number of total package names."
1001 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1002 #: apt-cache.8.xml:166
1004 "<literal>Total dependencies</literal> is the number of dependency "
1005 "relationships claimed by all of the packages in the cache."
1008 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1009 #: apt-cache.8.xml:173
1010 msgid "showsrc <replaceable>pkg(s)</replaceable>"
1013 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1014 #: apt-cache.8.xml:174
1016 "<literal>showsrc</literal> displays all the source package records that "
1017 "match the given package names. All versions are shown, as well as all "
1018 "records that declare the name to be a Binary."
1021 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1022 #: apt-cache.8.xml:179 apt-config.8.xml:84
1026 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1027 #: apt-cache.8.xml:180
1029 "<literal>dump</literal> shows a short listing of every package in the "
1030 "cache. It is primarily for debugging."
1033 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1034 #: apt-cache.8.xml:184
1038 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1039 #: apt-cache.8.xml:185
1041 "<literal>dumpavail</literal> prints out an available list to stdout. This is "
1042 "suitable for use with &dpkg; and is used by the &dselect; method."
1045 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1046 #: apt-cache.8.xml:189
1050 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1051 #: apt-cache.8.xml:190
1053 "<literal>unmet</literal> displays a summary of all unmet dependencies in the "
1057 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1058 #: apt-cache.8.xml:194
1059 msgid "show <replaceable>pkg(s)</replaceable>"
1062 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1063 #: apt-cache.8.xml:195
1065 "<literal>show</literal> performs a function similar to <command>dpkg "
1066 "--print-avail</command>; it displays the package records for the named "
1070 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1071 #: apt-cache.8.xml:200
1072 msgid "search <replaceable>regex [ regex ... ]</replaceable>"
1075 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1076 #: apt-cache.8.xml:201
1078 "<literal>search</literal> performs a full text search on all available "
1079 "package lists for the POSIX regex pattern given, see "
1080 "<citerefentry><refentrytitle><command>regex</command></refentrytitle> "
1081 "<manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>. It searches the package names and "
1082 "the descriptions for an occurrence of the regular expression and prints out "
1083 "the package name and the short description, including virtual package "
1084 "names. If <option>--full</option> is given then output identical to "
1085 "<literal>show</literal> is produced for each matched package, and if "
1086 "<option>--names-only</option> is given then the long description is not "
1087 "searched, only the package name is."
1090 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1091 #: apt-cache.8.xml:214
1093 "Separate arguments can be used to specify multiple search patterns that are "
1097 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1098 #: apt-cache.8.xml:218
1099 msgid "depends <replaceable>pkg(s)</replaceable>"
1102 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1103 #: apt-cache.8.xml:219
1105 "<literal>depends</literal> shows a listing of each dependency a package has "
1106 "and all the possible other packages that can fulfill that dependency."
1109 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1110 #: apt-cache.8.xml:223
1111 msgid "rdepends <replaceable>pkg(s)</replaceable>"
1114 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1115 #: apt-cache.8.xml:224
1117 "<literal>rdepends</literal> shows a listing of each reverse dependency a "
1121 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1122 #: apt-cache.8.xml:228
1123 msgid "pkgnames <replaceable>[ prefix ]</replaceable>"
1126 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1127 #: apt-cache.8.xml:229
1129 "This command prints the name of each package in the system. The optional "
1130 "argument is a prefix match to filter the name list. The output is suitable "
1131 "for use in a shell tab complete function and the output is generated "
1132 "extremely quickly. This command is best used with the "
1133 "<option>--generate</option> option."
1136 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1137 #: apt-cache.8.xml:236
1138 msgid "dotty <replaceable>pkg(s)</replaceable>"
1141 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1142 #: apt-cache.8.xml:237
1144 "<literal>dotty</literal> takes a list of packages on the command line and "
1145 "generates output suitable for use by dotty from the <ulink "
1146 "url=\"http://www.research.att.com/sw/tools/graphviz/\">GraphViz</ulink> "
1147 "package. The result will be a set of nodes and edges representing the "
1148 "relationships between the packages. By default the given packages will trace "
1149 "out all dependent packages; this can produce a very large graph. To limit "
1150 "the output to only the packages listed on the command line, set the "
1151 "<literal>APT::Cache::GivenOnly</literal> option."
1154 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1155 #: apt-cache.8.xml:246
1157 "The resulting nodes will have several shapes; normal packages are boxes, "
1158 "pure provides are triangles, mixed provides are diamonds, missing packages "
1159 "are hexagons. Orange boxes mean recursion was stopped [leaf packages], blue "
1160 "lines are pre-depends, green lines are conflicts."
1163 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1164 #: apt-cache.8.xml:251
1165 msgid "Caution, dotty cannot graph larger sets of packages."
1168 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1169 #: apt-cache.8.xml:254
1170 msgid "xvcg <replaceable>pkg(s)</replaceable>"
1173 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1174 #: apt-cache.8.xml:255
1176 "The same as <literal>dotty</literal>, only for xvcg from the <ulink "
1177 "url=\"http://rw4.cs.uni-sb.de/users/sander/html/gsvcg1.html\">VCG "
1181 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1182 #: apt-cache.8.xml:259
1183 msgid "policy <replaceable>[ pkg(s) ]</replaceable>"
1186 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1187 #: apt-cache.8.xml:260
1189 "<literal>policy</literal> is meant to help debug issues relating to the "
1190 "preferences file. With no arguments it will print out the priorities of each "
1191 "source. Otherwise it prints out detailed information about the priority "
1192 "selection of the named package."
1195 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1196 #: apt-cache.8.xml:266
1197 msgid "madison <replaceable>/[ pkg(s) ]</replaceable>"
1200 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1201 #: apt-cache.8.xml:267
1203 "<literal>apt-cache</literal>'s <literal>madison</literal> command attempts "
1204 "to mimic the output format and a subset of the functionality of the Debian "
1205 "archive management tool, <literal>madison</literal>. It displays available "
1206 "versions of a package in a tabular format. Unlike the original "
1207 "<literal>madison</literal>, it can only display information for the "
1208 "architecture for which APT has retrieved package lists "
1209 "(<literal>APT::Architecture</literal>)."
1212 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1213 #: apt-cache.8.xml:278 apt-config.8.xml:93 apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:56 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:492 apt-get.8.xml:319 apt-mark.8.xml:89 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:54 apt.conf.5.xml:408 apt.conf.5.xml:430
1217 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1218 #: apt-cache.8.xml:282
1219 msgid "<option>-p</option>"
1222 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1223 #: apt-cache.8.xml:282
1224 msgid "<option>--pkg-cache</option>"
1227 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1228 #: apt-cache.8.xml:283
1230 "Select the file to store the package cache. The package cache is the primary "
1231 "cache used by all operations. Configuration Item: "
1232 "<literal>Dir::Cache::pkgcache</literal>."
1235 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1236 #: apt-cache.8.xml:288 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:535 apt-get.8.xml:376 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:58
1237 msgid "<option>-s</option>"
1240 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1241 #: apt-cache.8.xml:288
1242 msgid "<option>--src-cache</option>"
1245 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1246 #: apt-cache.8.xml:289
1248 "Select the file to store the source cache. The source is used only by "
1249 "<literal>gencaches</literal> and it stores a parsed version of the package "
1250 "information from remote sources. When building the package cache the source "
1251 "cache is used to avoid reparsing all of the package files. Configuration "
1252 "Item: <literal>Dir::Cache::srcpkgcache</literal>."
1255 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1256 #: apt-cache.8.xml:296 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:509 apt-get.8.xml:366
1257 msgid "<option>-q</option>"
1260 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1261 #: apt-cache.8.xml:296 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:509 apt-get.8.xml:366
1262 msgid "<option>--quiet</option>"
1265 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1266 #: apt-cache.8.xml:297
1268 "Quiet; produces output suitable for logging, omitting progress indicators. "
1269 "More q's will produce more quietness up to a maximum of 2. You can also use "
1270 "<option>-q=#</option> to set the quietness level, overriding the "
1271 "configuration file. Configuration Item: <literal>quiet</literal>."
1274 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1275 #: apt-cache.8.xml:303
1276 msgid "<option>-i</option>"
1279 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1280 #: apt-cache.8.xml:303
1281 msgid "<option>--important</option>"
1284 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1285 #: apt-cache.8.xml:304
1287 "Print only important dependencies; for use with unmet and depends. Causes "
1288 "only Depends and Pre-Depends relations to be printed. Configuration Item: "
1289 "<literal>APT::Cache::Important</literal>."
1292 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1293 #: apt-cache.8.xml:309 apt-cdrom.8.xml:121 apt-get.8.xml:333
1294 msgid "<option>-f</option>"
1297 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1298 #: apt-cache.8.xml:309
1299 msgid "<option>--full</option>"
1302 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1303 #: apt-cache.8.xml:310
1305 "Print full package records when searching. Configuration Item: "
1306 "<literal>APT::Cache::ShowFull</literal>."
1309 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1310 #: apt-cache.8.xml:314 apt-cdrom.8.xml:131
1311 msgid "<option>-a</option>"
1314 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1315 #: apt-cache.8.xml:314
1316 msgid "<option>--all-versions</option>"
1319 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1320 #: apt-cache.8.xml:315
1322 "Print full records for all available versions. This is the default; to turn "
1323 "it off, use <option>--no-all-versions</option>. If "
1324 "<option>--no-all-versions</option> is specified, only the candidate version "
1325 "will displayed (the one which would be selected for installation). This "
1326 "option is only applicable to the <literal>show</literal> command. "
1327 "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Cache::AllVersions</literal>."
1330 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1331 #: apt-cache.8.xml:323
1332 msgid "<option>-g</option>"
1335 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1336 #: apt-cache.8.xml:323
1337 msgid "<option>--generate</option>"
1340 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1341 #: apt-cache.8.xml:324
1343 "Perform automatic package cache regeneration, rather than use the cache as "
1344 "it is. This is the default; to turn it off, use "
1345 "<option>--no-generate</option>. Configuration Item: "
1346 "<literal>APT::Cache::Generate</literal>."
1349 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1350 #: apt-cache.8.xml:329
1351 msgid "<option>--names-only</option>"
1354 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1355 #: apt-cache.8.xml:329 apt-cdrom.8.xml:139
1356 msgid "<option>-n</option>"
1359 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1360 #: apt-cache.8.xml:330
1362 "Only search on the package names, not the long descriptions. Configuration "
1363 "Item: <literal>APT::Cache::NamesOnly</literal>."
1366 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1367 #: apt-cache.8.xml:334
1368 msgid "<option>--all-names</option>"
1371 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1372 #: apt-cache.8.xml:335
1374 "Make <literal>pkgnames</literal> print all names, including virtual packages "
1375 "and missing dependencies. Configuration Item: "
1376 "<literal>APT::Cache::AllNames</literal>."
1379 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1380 #: apt-cache.8.xml:340
1381 msgid "<option>--recurse</option>"
1384 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1385 #: apt-cache.8.xml:341
1387 "Make <literal>depends</literal> and <literal>rdepends</literal> recursive so "
1388 "that all packages mentioned are printed once. Configuration Item: "
1389 "<literal>APT::Cache::RecurseDepends</literal>."
1392 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1393 #: apt-cache.8.xml:346
1394 msgid "<option>--installed</option>"
1397 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1398 #: apt-cache.8.xml:348
1400 "Limit the output of <literal>depends</literal> and "
1401 "<literal>rdepends</literal> to packages which are currently installed. "
1402 "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Cache::Installed</literal>."
1405 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist>
1406 #: apt-cache.8.xml:353 apt-cdrom.8.xml:150 apt-config.8.xml:98 apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:67 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:547 apt-get.8.xml:554 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:64
1407 msgid "&apt-commonoptions;"
1410 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
1411 #: apt-cache.8.xml:358 apt-get.8.xml:559 apt-key.8.xml:138 apt-mark.8.xml:122 apt.conf.5.xml:940 apt_preferences.5.xml:615
1415 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist>
1416 #: apt-cache.8.xml:360
1417 msgid "&file-sourceslist; &file-statelists;"
1420 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
1421 #: apt-cache.8.xml:365 apt-cdrom.8.xml:155 apt-config.8.xml:103 apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:74 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:563 apt-get.8.xml:569 apt-key.8.xml:162 apt-mark.8.xml:133 apt-secure.8.xml:181 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:69 apt.conf.5.xml:946 apt_preferences.5.xml:622 sources.list.5.xml:221
1425 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1426 #: apt-cache.8.xml:366
1427 msgid "&apt-conf;, &sources-list;, &apt-get;"
1430 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
1431 #: apt-cache.8.xml:370 apt-cdrom.8.xml:160 apt-config.8.xml:108 apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:78 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:567 apt-get.8.xml:575 apt-mark.8.xml:137 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:73
1435 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1436 #: apt-cache.8.xml:371
1438 "<command>apt-cache</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal 100 "
1442 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refentryinfo>
1443 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:13
1445 "&apt-author.jgunthorpe; &apt-author.team; &apt-email; &apt-product; <date>14 "
1446 "February 2004</date>"
1449 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
1450 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:21 apt-cdrom.8.xml:28
1454 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
1455 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:29
1456 msgid "APT CDROM management utility"
1459 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsynopsisdiv><cmdsynopsis>
1460 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:35
1462 "<command>apt-cdrom</command> <arg><option>-hvrmfan</option></arg> "
1463 "<arg><option>-d=<replaceable>cdrom mount point</replaceable></option></arg> "
1464 "<arg><option>-o=<replaceable>config string</replaceable></option></arg> "
1465 "<arg><option>-c=<replaceable>file</replaceable></option></arg> <group> "
1466 "<arg>add</arg> <arg>ident</arg> </group>"
1469 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1470 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:48
1472 "<command>apt-cdrom</command> is used to add a new CDROM to APTs list of "
1473 "available sources. <command>apt-cdrom</command> takes care of determining "
1474 "the structure of the disc as well as correcting for several possible "
1475 "mis-burns and verifying the index files."
1478 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1479 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:55
1481 "It is necessary to use <command>apt-cdrom</command> to add CDs to the APT "
1482 "system, it cannot be done by hand. Furthermore each disk in a multi-cd set "
1483 "must be inserted and scanned separately to account for possible mis-burns."
1486 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1487 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:65
1491 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1492 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:66
1494 "<literal>add</literal> is used to add a new disc to the source list. It will "
1495 "unmount the CDROM device, prompt for a disk to be inserted and then procceed "
1496 "to scan it and copy the index files. If the disc does not have a proper "
1497 "<filename>disk</filename> directory you will be prompted for a descriptive "
1501 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1502 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:74
1504 "APT uses a CDROM ID to track which disc is currently in the drive and "
1505 "maintains a database of these IDs in "
1506 "<filename>&statedir;/cdroms.list</filename>"
1509 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1510 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:81
1514 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1515 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:82
1517 "A debugging tool to report the identity of the current disc as well as the "
1521 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1522 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:61
1524 "Unless the <option>-h</option>, or <option>--help</option> option is given "
1525 "one of the commands below must be present. <placeholder "
1526 "type=\"variablelist\" id=\"0\"/>"
1529 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
1530 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:91
1534 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1535 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:95 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:503 apt-get.8.xml:328
1536 msgid "<option>-d</option>"
1539 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1540 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:95
1541 msgid "<option>--cdrom</option>"
1544 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1545 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:96
1547 "Mount point; specify the location to mount the cdrom. This mount point must "
1548 "be listed in <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> and properly configured. "
1549 "Configuration Item: <literal>Acquire::cdrom::mount</literal>."
1552 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1553 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:104
1554 msgid "<option>-r</option>"
1557 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1558 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:104
1559 msgid "<option>--rename</option>"
1562 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1563 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:105
1565 "Rename a disc; change the label of a disk or override the disks given "
1566 "label. This option will cause <command>apt-cdrom</command> to prompt for a "
1567 "new label. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::CDROM::Rename</literal>."
1570 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1571 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:113 apt-get.8.xml:347
1572 msgid "<option>-m</option>"
1575 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1576 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:113
1577 msgid "<option>--no-mount</option>"
1580 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1581 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:114
1583 "No mounting; prevent <command>apt-cdrom</command> from mounting and "
1584 "unmounting the mount point. Configuration Item: "
1585 "<literal>APT::CDROM::NoMount</literal>."
1588 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1589 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:121
1590 msgid "<option>--fast</option>"
1593 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1594 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:122
1596 "Fast Copy; Assume the package files are valid and do not check every "
1597 "package. This option should be used only if <command>apt-cdrom</command> has "
1598 "been run on this disc before and did not detect any errors. Configuration "
1599 "Item: <literal>APT::CDROM::Fast</literal>."
1602 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1603 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:131
1604 msgid "<option>--thorough</option>"
1607 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1608 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:132
1610 "Thorough Package Scan; This option may be needed with some old Debian "
1611 "1.1/1.2 discs that have Package files in strange places. It takes much "
1612 "longer to scan the CD but will pick them all up."
1615 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1616 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:140 apt-get.8.xml:378
1617 msgid "<option>--just-print</option>"
1620 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1621 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:141 apt-get.8.xml:380
1622 msgid "<option>--recon</option>"
1625 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1626 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:142 apt-get.8.xml:381
1627 msgid "<option>--no-act</option>"
1630 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1631 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:143
1633 "No Changes; Do not change the &sources-list; file and do not write index "
1634 "files. Everything is still checked however. Configuration Item: "
1635 "<literal>APT::CDROM::NoAct</literal>."
1638 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1639 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:156
1640 msgid "&apt-conf;, &apt-get;, &sources-list;"
1643 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1644 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:161
1646 "<command>apt-cdrom</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal 100 "
1650 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
1651 #: apt-config.8.xml:22 apt-config.8.xml:29
1655 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
1656 #: apt-config.8.xml:30
1657 msgid "APT Configuration Query program"
1660 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsynopsisdiv><cmdsynopsis>
1661 #: apt-config.8.xml:36
1663 "<command>apt-config</command> <arg><option>-hv</option></arg> "
1664 "<arg><option>-o=<replaceable>config string</replaceable></option></arg> "
1665 "<arg><option>-c=<replaceable>file</replaceable></option></arg> <group "
1666 "choice=\"req\"> <arg>shell</arg> <arg>dump</arg> </group>"
1669 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1670 #: apt-config.8.xml:48
1672 "<command>apt-config</command> is an internal program used by various "
1673 "portions of the APT suite to provide consistent configurability. It accesses "
1674 "the main configuration file <filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf</filename> in a "
1675 "manner that is easy to use by scripted applications."
1678 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1679 #: apt-config.8.xml:53 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:71
1681 "Unless the <option>-h</option>, or <option>--help</option> option is given "
1682 "one of the commands below must be present."
1685 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1686 #: apt-config.8.xml:58
1690 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1691 #: apt-config.8.xml:60
1693 "shell is used to access the configuration information from a shell "
1694 "script. It is given pairs of arguments, the first being a shell variable and "
1695 "the second the configuration value to query. As output it lists a series of "
1696 "shell assignments commands for each present value. In a shell script it "
1697 "should be used like:"
1700 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><informalexample><programlisting>
1701 #: apt-config.8.xml:68
1705 "RES=`apt-config shell OPTS MyApp::options`\n"
1709 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1710 #: apt-config.8.xml:73
1712 "This will set the shell environment variable $OPTS to the value of "
1713 "MyApp::options with a default of <option>-f</option>."
1716 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1717 #: apt-config.8.xml:77
1719 "The configuration item may be postfixed with a /[fdbi]. f returns file "
1720 "names, d returns directories, b returns true or false and i returns an "
1721 "integer. Each of the returns is normalized and verified internally."
1724 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1725 #: apt-config.8.xml:86
1726 msgid "Just show the contents of the configuration space."
1729 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1730 #: apt-config.8.xml:104 apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:75 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:564 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:70
1734 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1735 #: apt-config.8.xml:109
1737 "<command>apt-config</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal 100 "
1741 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
1742 #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:22 apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:29
1743 msgid "apt-extracttemplates"
1746 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refmeta><manvolnum>
1747 #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:23 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:23 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:23
1751 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
1752 #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:30
1753 msgid "Utility to extract DebConf config and templates from Debian packages"
1756 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsynopsisdiv><cmdsynopsis>
1757 #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:36
1759 "<command>apt-extracttemplates</command> <arg><option>-hv</option></arg> "
1760 "<arg><option>-t=<replaceable>temporary "
1761 "directory</replaceable></option></arg> <arg choice=\"plain\" "
1762 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>file</replaceable></arg>"
1765 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1766 #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:44
1768 "<command>apt-extracttemplates</command> will take one or more Debian package "
1769 "files as input and write out (to a temporary directory) all associated "
1770 "config scripts and template files. For each passed in package that contains "
1771 "config scripts and templates, one line of output will be generated in the "
1775 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1776 #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:49
1777 msgid "package version template-file config-script"
1780 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1781 #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:50
1783 "template-file and config-script are written to the temporary directory "
1784 "specified by the -t or --tempdir "
1785 "(<literal>APT::ExtractTemplates::TempDir</literal>) directory, with "
1786 "filenames of the form <filename>package.template.XXXX</filename> and "
1787 "<filename>package.config.XXXX</filename>"
1790 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1791 #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:60 apt-get.8.xml:488
1792 msgid "<option>-t</option>"
1795 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1796 #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:60
1797 msgid "<option>--tempdir</option>"
1800 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1801 #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:62
1803 "Temporary directory in which to write extracted debconf template files and "
1804 "config scripts Configuration Item: "
1805 "<literal>APT::ExtractTemplates::TempDir</literal>"
1808 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1809 #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:79
1811 "<command>apt-extracttemplates</command> returns zero on normal operation, "
1812 "decimal 100 on error."
1815 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
1816 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:22 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:29
1817 msgid "apt-ftparchive"
1820 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
1821 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:30
1822 msgid "Utility to generate index files"
1825 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsynopsisdiv><cmdsynopsis>
1826 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:36
1828 "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> <arg><option>-hvdsq</option></arg> "
1829 "<arg><option>--md5</option></arg> <arg><option>--delink</option></arg> "
1830 "<arg><option>--readonly</option></arg> "
1831 "<arg><option>--contents</option></arg> <arg><option>-o=<replaceable>config "
1832 "string</replaceable></option></arg> "
1833 "<arg><option>-c=<replaceable>file</replaceable></option></arg> <group "
1834 "choice=\"req\"> <arg>packages<arg choice=\"plain\" "
1835 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>path</replaceable></arg><arg><replaceable>override</replaceable><arg><replaceable>pathprefix</replaceable></arg></arg></arg> "
1836 "<arg>sources<arg choice=\"plain\" "
1837 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>path</replaceable></arg><arg><replaceable>override</replaceable><arg><replaceable>pathprefix</replaceable></arg></arg></arg> "
1838 "<arg>contents <arg "
1839 "choice=\"plain\"><replaceable>path</replaceable></arg></arg> <arg>release "
1840 "<arg choice=\"plain\"><replaceable>path</replaceable></arg></arg> "
1841 "<arg>generate <arg "
1842 "choice=\"plain\"><replaceable>config-file</replaceable></arg> <arg "
1844 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>section</replaceable></arg></arg> <arg>clean "
1845 "<arg choice=\"plain\"><replaceable>config-file</replaceable></arg></arg> "
1849 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1850 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:56
1852 "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> is the command line tool that generates "
1853 "the index files that APT uses to access a distribution source. The index "
1854 "files should be generated on the origin site based on the content of that "
1858 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1859 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:60
1861 "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> is a superset of the &dpkg-scanpackages; "
1862 "program, incorporating its entire functionality via the "
1863 "<literal>packages</literal> command. It also contains a contents file "
1864 "generator, <literal>contents</literal>, and an elaborate means to 'script' "
1865 "the generation process for a complete archive."
1868 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1869 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:66
1871 "Internally <command>apt-ftparchive</command> can make use of binary "
1872 "databases to cache the contents of a .deb file and it does not rely on any "
1873 "external programs aside from &gzip;. When doing a full generate it "
1874 "automatically performs file-change checks and builds the desired compressed "
1878 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1879 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:75
1883 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1884 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:77
1886 "The packages command generates a package file from a directory tree. It "
1887 "takes the given directory and recursively searches it for .deb files, "
1888 "emitting a package record to stdout for each. This command is approximately "
1889 "equivalent to &dpkg-scanpackages;."
1892 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1893 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:82 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:106
1894 msgid "The option <option>--db</option> can be used to specify a binary caching DB."
1897 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1898 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:85
1902 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1903 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:87
1905 "The <literal>sources</literal> command generates a source index file from a "
1906 "directory tree. It takes the given directory and recursively searches it "
1907 "for .dsc files, emitting a source record to stdout for each. This command is "
1908 "approximately equivalent to &dpkg-scansources;."
1911 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1912 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:92
1914 "If an override file is specified then a source override file will be looked "
1915 "for with an extension of .src. The --source-override option can be used to "
1916 "change the source override file that will be used."
1919 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1920 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:97
1924 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1925 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:99
1927 "The <literal>contents</literal> command generates a contents file from a "
1928 "directory tree. It takes the given directory and recursively searches it for "
1929 ".deb files, and reads the file list from each file. It then sorts and writes "
1930 "to stdout the list of files matched to packages. Directories are not written "
1931 "to the output. If multiple packages own the same file then each package is "
1932 "separated by a comma in the output."
1935 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1936 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:109
1940 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1941 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:111
1943 "The <literal>release</literal> command generates a Release file from a "
1944 "directory tree. It recursively searches the given directory for Packages, "
1945 "Packages.gz, Packages.bz2, Sources, Sources.gz, Sources.bz2, Release and "
1946 "md5sum.txt files. It then writes to stdout a Release file containing an MD5 "
1947 "digest and SHA1 digest for each file."
1950 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1951 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:118
1953 "Values for the additional metadata fields in the Release file are taken from "
1954 "the corresponding variables under "
1955 "<literal>APT::FTPArchive::Release</literal>, "
1956 "e.g. <literal>APT::FTPArchive::Release::Origin</literal>. The supported "
1957 "fields are: <literal>Origin</literal>, <literal>Label</literal>, "
1958 "<literal>Suite</literal>, <literal>Version</literal>, "
1959 "<literal>Codename</literal>, <literal>Date</literal>, "
1960 "<literal>Architectures</literal>, <literal>Components</literal>, "
1961 "<literal>Description</literal>."
1964 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1965 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:128
1969 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1970 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:130
1972 "The <literal>generate</literal> command is designed to be runnable from a "
1973 "cron script and builds indexes according to the given config file. The "
1974 "config language provides a flexible means of specifying which index files "
1975 "are built from which directories, as well as providing a simple means of "
1976 "maintaining the required settings."
1979 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1980 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:137 apt-get.8.xml:292
1984 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1985 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:139
1987 "The <literal>clean</literal> command tidies the databases used by the given "
1988 "configuration file by removing any records that are no longer necessary."
1991 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
1992 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:145
1993 msgid "The Generate Configuration"
1996 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1997 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:147
1999 "The <literal>generate</literal> command uses a configuration file to "
2000 "describe the archives that are going to be generated. It follows the typical "
2001 "ISC configuration format as seen in ISC tools like bind 8 and dhcpd. "
2002 "&apt-conf; contains a description of the syntax. Note that the generate "
2003 "configuration is parsed in sectional manner, but &apt-conf; is parsed in a "
2004 "tree manner. This only effects how the scope tag is handled."
2007 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
2008 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:155
2009 msgid "The generate configuration has 4 separate sections, each described below."
2012 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
2013 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:157
2017 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
2018 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:159
2020 "The <literal>Dir</literal> section defines the standard directories needed "
2021 "to locate the files required during the generation process. These "
2022 "directories are prepended to certain relative paths defined in later "
2023 "sections to produce a complete an absolute path."
2026 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2027 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:164
2031 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2032 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:166
2034 "Specifies the root of the FTP archive, in a standard Debian configuration "
2035 "this is the directory that contains the <filename>ls-LR</filename> and dist "
2039 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2040 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:171
2044 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2045 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:173
2046 msgid "Specifies the location of the override files."
2049 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2050 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:176
2054 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2055 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:178
2056 msgid "Specifies the location of the cache files"
2059 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2060 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:181
2064 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2065 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:183
2067 "Specifies the location of the file list files, if the "
2068 "<literal>FileList</literal> setting is used below."
2071 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
2072 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:189
2073 msgid "Default Section"
2076 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
2077 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:191
2079 "The <literal>Default</literal> section specifies default values, and "
2080 "settings that control the operation of the generator. Other sections may "
2081 "override these defaults with a per-section setting."
2084 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2085 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:195
2086 msgid "Packages::Compress"
2089 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2090 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:197
2092 "Sets the default compression schemes to use for the Package index files. It "
2093 "is a string that contains a space separated list of at least one of: '.' (no "
2094 "compression), 'gzip' and 'bzip2'. The default for all compression schemes is "
2098 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2099 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:203
2100 msgid "Packages::Extensions"
2103 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2104 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:205
2106 "Sets the default list of file extensions that are package files. This "
2107 "defaults to '.deb'."
2110 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2111 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:209
2112 msgid "Sources::Compress"
2115 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2116 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:211
2118 "This is similar to <literal>Packages::Compress</literal> except that it "
2119 "controls the compression for the Sources files."
2122 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2123 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:215
2124 msgid "Sources::Extensions"
2127 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2128 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:217
2130 "Sets the default list of file extensions that are source files. This "
2131 "defaults to '.dsc'."
2134 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2135 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:221
2136 msgid "Contents::Compress"
2139 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2140 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:223
2142 "This is similar to <literal>Packages::Compress</literal> except that it "
2143 "controls the compression for the Contents files."
2146 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2147 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:227
2151 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2152 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:229
2154 "Specifies the number of kilobytes to delink (and replace with hard links) "
2155 "per run. This is used in conjunction with the per-section "
2156 "<literal>External-Links</literal> setting."
2159 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2160 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:234
2164 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2165 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:236
2167 "Specifies the mode of all created index files. It defaults to 0644. All "
2168 "index files are set to this mode with no regard to the umask."
2171 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
2172 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:243
2173 msgid "TreeDefault Section"
2176 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
2177 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:245
2179 "Sets defaults specific to <literal>Tree</literal> sections. All of these "
2180 "variables are substitution variables and have the strings $(DIST), "
2181 "$(SECTION) and $(ARCH) replaced with their respective values."
2184 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2185 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:250
2186 msgid "MaxContentsChange"
2189 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2190 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:252
2192 "Sets the number of kilobytes of contents files that are generated each "
2193 "day. The contents files are round-robined so that over several days they "
2194 "will all be rebuilt."
2197 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2198 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:257
2202 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2203 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:259
2205 "Controls the number of days a contents file is allowed to be checked without "
2206 "changing. If this limit is passed the mtime of the contents file is "
2207 "updated. This case can occur if the package file is changed in such a way "
2208 "that does not result in a new contents file [override edit for instance]. A "
2209 "hold off is allowed in hopes that new .debs will be installed, requiring a "
2210 "new file anyhow. The default is 10, the units are in days."
2213 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2214 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:268
2218 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2219 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:270
2221 "Sets the top of the .deb directory tree. Defaults to "
2222 "<filename>$(DIST)/$(SECTION)/binary-$(ARCH)/</filename>"
2225 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2226 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:274
2227 msgid "SrcDirectory"
2230 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2231 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:276
2233 "Sets the top of the source package directory tree. Defaults to "
2234 "<filename>$(DIST)/$(SECTION)/source/</filename>"
2237 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2238 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:280 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:406
2242 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2243 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:282
2245 "Sets the output Packages file. Defaults to "
2246 "<filename>$(DIST)/$(SECTION)/binary-$(ARCH)/Packages</filename>"
2249 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2250 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:286 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:411
2254 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2255 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:288
2257 "Sets the output Packages file. Defaults to "
2258 "<filename>$(DIST)/$(SECTION)/source/Sources</filename>"
2261 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2262 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:292
2263 msgid "InternalPrefix"
2266 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2267 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:294
2269 "Sets the path prefix that causes a symlink to be considered an internal link "
2270 "instead of an external link. Defaults to "
2271 "<filename>$(DIST)/$(SECTION)/</filename>"
2274 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2275 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:299 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:417
2279 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2280 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:301
2282 "Sets the output Contents file. Defaults to "
2283 "<filename>$(DIST)/Contents-$(ARCH)</filename>. If this setting causes "
2284 "multiple Packages files to map onto a single Contents file (such as the "
2285 "default) then <command>apt-ftparchive</command> will integrate those "
2286 "package files together automatically."
2289 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2290 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:308
2291 msgid "Contents::Header"
2294 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2295 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:310
2296 msgid "Sets header file to prepend to the contents output."
2299 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2300 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:313 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:442
2304 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2305 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:315
2307 "Sets the binary cache database to use for this section. Multiple sections "
2308 "can share the same database."
2311 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2312 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:319
2316 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2317 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:321
2319 "Specifies that instead of walking the directory tree, "
2320 "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> should read the list of files from the "
2321 "given file. Relative files names are prefixed with the archive directory."
2324 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2325 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:326
2326 msgid "SourceFileList"
2329 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2330 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:328
2332 "Specifies that instead of walking the directory tree, "
2333 "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> should read the list of files from the "
2334 "given file. Relative files names are prefixed with the archive directory. "
2335 "This is used when processing source indexes."
2338 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
2339 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:336
2340 msgid "Tree Section"
2343 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
2344 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:338
2346 "The <literal>Tree</literal> section defines a standard Debian file tree "
2347 "which consists of a base directory, then multiple sections in that base "
2348 "directory and finally multiple Architectures in each section. The exact "
2349 "pathing used is defined by the <literal>Directory</literal> substitution "
2353 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
2354 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:343
2356 "The <literal>Tree</literal> section takes a scope tag which sets the "
2357 "<literal>$(DIST)</literal> variable and defines the root of the tree (the "
2358 "path is prefixed by <literal>ArchiveDir</literal>). Typically this is a "
2359 "setting such as <filename>dists/woody</filename>."
2362 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
2363 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:348
2365 "All of the settings defined in the <literal>TreeDefault</literal> section "
2366 "can be use in a <literal>Tree</literal> section as well as three new "
2370 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
2371 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:351
2373 "When processing a <literal>Tree</literal> section "
2374 "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> performs an operation similar to:"
2377 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><informalexample><programlisting>
2378 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:354
2381 "for i in Sections do \n"
2382 " for j in Architectures do\n"
2383 " Generate for DIST=scope SECTION=i ARCH=j\n"
2386 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2387 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:360
2391 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2392 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:362
2394 "This is a space separated list of sections which appear under the "
2395 "distribution, typically this is something like <literal>main contrib "
2396 "non-free</literal>"
2399 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2400 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:367
2401 msgid "Architectures"
2404 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2405 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:369
2407 "This is a space separated list of all the architectures that appear under "
2408 "search section. The special architecture 'source' is used to indicate that "
2409 "this tree has a source archive."
2412 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2413 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:374 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:422
2417 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2418 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:376
2420 "Sets the binary override file. The override file contains section, priority "
2421 "and maintainer address information."
2424 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2425 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:380 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:427
2429 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2430 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:382
2432 "Sets the source override file. The override file contains section "
2436 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2437 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:386 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:432
2438 msgid "ExtraOverride"
2441 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2442 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:388 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:434
2443 msgid "Sets the binary extra override file."
2446 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2447 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:391 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:437
2448 msgid "SrcExtraOverride"
2451 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2452 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:393 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:439
2453 msgid "Sets the source extra override file."
2456 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
2457 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:398
2458 msgid "BinDirectory Section"
2461 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
2462 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:400
2464 "The <literal>bindirectory</literal> section defines a binary directory tree "
2465 "with no special structure. The scope tag specifies the location of the "
2466 "binary directory and the settings are similar to the <literal>Tree</literal> "
2467 "section with no substitution variables or "
2468 "<literal>Section</literal><literal>Architecture</literal> settings."
2471 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2472 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:408
2473 msgid "Sets the Packages file output."
2476 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2477 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:413
2479 "Sets the Sources file output. At least one of <literal>Packages</literal> or "
2480 "<literal>Sources</literal> is required."
2483 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2484 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:419
2485 msgid "Sets the Contents file output. (optional)"
2488 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2489 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:424
2490 msgid "Sets the binary override file."
2493 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2494 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:429
2495 msgid "Sets the source override file."
2498 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2499 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:444
2500 msgid "Sets the cache DB."
2503 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2504 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:447
2508 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2509 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:449
2510 msgid "Appends a path to all the output paths."
2513 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2514 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:452
2515 msgid "FileList, SourceFileList"
2518 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2519 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:454
2520 msgid "Specifies the file list file."
2523 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
2524 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:461
2525 msgid "The Binary Override File"
2528 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
2529 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:462
2531 "The binary override file is fully compatible with &dpkg-scanpackages;. It "
2532 "contains 4 fields separated by spaces. The first field is the package name, "
2533 "the second is the priority to force that package to, the third is the the "
2534 "section to force that package to and the final field is the maintainer "
2535 "permutation field."
2538 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><literallayout>
2539 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:468
2541 msgid "old [// oldn]* => new"
2544 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><literallayout>
2545 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:470
2550 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
2551 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:467
2553 "The general form of the maintainer field is: <placeholder "
2554 "type=\"literallayout\" id=\"0\"/> or simply, <placeholder "
2555 "type=\"literallayout\" id=\"1\"/> The first form allows a double-slash "
2556 "separated list of old email addresses to be specified. If any of those are "
2557 "found then new is substituted for the maintainer field. The second form "
2558 "unconditionally substitutes the maintainer field."
2561 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
2562 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:478
2563 msgid "The Source Override File"
2566 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
2567 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:480
2569 "The source override file is fully compatible with &dpkg-scansources;. It "
2570 "contains 2 fields separated by spaces. The first fields is the source "
2571 "package name, the second is the section to assign it."
2574 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
2575 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:485
2576 msgid "The Extra Override File"
2579 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
2580 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:487
2582 "The extra override file allows any arbitrary tag to be added or replaced in "
2583 "the output. It has 3 columns, the first is the package, the second is the "
2584 "tag and the remainder of the line is the new value."
2587 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2588 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:496
2589 msgid "<option>--md5</option>"
2592 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2593 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:498
2595 "Generate MD5 sums. This defaults to on, when turned off the generated index "
2596 "files will not have MD5Sum fields where possible. Configuration Item: "
2597 "<literal>APT::FTPArchive::MD5</literal>"
2600 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2601 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:503
2602 msgid "<option>--db</option>"
2605 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2606 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:505
2608 "Use a binary caching DB. This has no effect on the generate command. "
2609 "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::FTPArchive::DB</literal>."
2612 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2613 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:511
2615 "Quiet; produces output suitable for logging, omitting progress indicators. "
2616 "More q's will produce more quiet up to a maximum of 2. You can also use "
2617 "<option>-q=#</option> to set the quiet level, overriding the configuration "
2618 "file. Configuration Item: <literal>quiet</literal>."
2621 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2622 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:517
2623 msgid "<option>--delink</option>"
2626 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2627 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:519
2629 "Perform Delinking. If the <literal>External-Links</literal> setting is used "
2630 "then this option actually enables delinking of the files. It defaults to on "
2631 "and can be turned off with <option>--no-delink</option>. Configuration "
2632 "Item: <literal>APT::FTPArchive::DeLinkAct</literal>."
2635 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2636 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:525
2637 msgid "<option>--contents</option>"
2640 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2641 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:527
2643 "Perform contents generation. When this option is set and package indexes are "
2644 "being generated with a cache DB then the file listing will also be extracted "
2645 "and stored in the DB for later use. When using the generate command this "
2646 "option also allows the creation of any Contents files. The default is on. "
2647 "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::FTPArchive::Contents</literal>."
2650 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2651 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:535
2652 msgid "<option>--source-override</option>"
2655 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2656 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:537
2658 "Select the source override file to use with the <literal>sources</literal> "
2659 "command. Configuration Item: "
2660 "<literal>APT::FTPArchive::SourceOverride</literal>."
2663 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2664 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:541
2665 msgid "<option>--readonly</option>"
2668 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2669 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:543
2671 "Make the caching databases read only. Configuration Item: "
2672 "<literal>APT::FTPArchive::ReadOnlyDB</literal>."
2675 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
2676 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:552 apt.conf.5.xml:934 apt_preferences.5.xml:462 sources.list.5.xml:181
2680 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><programlisting>
2681 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:558
2684 "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> packages "
2685 "<replaceable>directory</replaceable> | <command>gzip</command> > "
2686 "<filename>Packages.gz</filename>\n"
2689 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
2690 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:554
2692 "To create a compressed Packages file for a directory containing binary "
2693 "packages (.deb): <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>"
2696 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
2697 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:568
2699 "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal "
2703 #. The last update date
2704 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refentryinfo>
2707 "&apt-author.jgunthorpe; &apt-author.team; &apt-email; &apt-product; <date>08 "
2708 "November 2008</date>"
2711 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
2712 #: apt-get.8.xml:22 apt-get.8.xml:29
2716 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
2718 msgid "APT package handling utility -- command-line interface"
2721 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsynopsisdiv><cmdsynopsis>
2724 "<command>apt-get</command> <arg><option>-sqdyfmubV</option></arg> <arg> "
2725 "<option>-o= <replaceable>config_string</replaceable> </option> </arg> <arg> "
2726 "<option>-c= <replaceable>config_file</replaceable> </option> </arg> <arg> "
2727 "<option>-t=</option> <group choice='req'> <arg choice='plain'> "
2728 "<replaceable>target_release_name</replaceable> </arg> <arg choice='plain'> "
2729 "<replaceable>target_release_number_expression</replaceable> </arg> <arg "
2730 "choice='plain'> <replaceable>target_release_codename</replaceable> </arg> "
2731 "</group> </arg> <group choice=\"req\"> <arg choice='plain'>update</arg> <arg "
2732 "choice='plain'>upgrade</arg> <arg choice='plain'>dselect-upgrade</arg> <arg "
2733 "choice='plain'>dist-upgrade</arg> <arg choice='plain'>install <arg "
2734 "choice=\"plain\" rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkg</replaceable> <arg> <group "
2735 "choice='req'> <arg choice='plain'> "
2736 "=<replaceable>pkg_version_number</replaceable> </arg> <arg choice='plain'> "
2737 "/<replaceable>target_release_name</replaceable> </arg> <arg choice='plain'> "
2738 "/<replaceable>target_release_codename</replaceable> </arg> </group> </arg> "
2739 "</arg> </arg> <arg choice='plain'>remove <arg choice=\"plain\" "
2740 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkg</replaceable></arg></arg> <arg "
2741 "choice='plain'>purge <arg choice=\"plain\" "
2742 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkg</replaceable></arg></arg> <arg "
2743 "choice='plain'>source <arg choice=\"plain\" "
2744 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkg</replaceable> <arg> <group choice='req'> "
2745 "<arg choice='plain'> =<replaceable>pkg_version_number</replaceable> </arg> "
2746 "<arg choice='plain'> /<replaceable>target_release_name</replaceable> </arg> "
2747 "<arg choice='plain'> /<replaceable>target_release_codename</replaceable> "
2748 "</arg> </group> </arg> </arg> </arg> <arg choice='plain'>build-dep <arg "
2749 "choice=\"plain\" rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkg</replaceable></arg></arg> "
2750 "<arg choice='plain'>check</arg> <arg choice='plain'>clean</arg> <arg "
2751 "choice='plain'>autoclean</arg> <arg choice='plain'>autoremove</arg> <arg "
2752 "choice='plain'> <group choice='req'> <arg choice='plain'>-v</arg> <arg "
2753 "choice='plain'>--version</arg> </group> </arg> <arg choice='plain'> <group "
2754 "choice='req'> <arg choice='plain'>-h</arg> <arg choice='plain'>--help</arg> "
2755 "</group> </arg> </group>"
2758 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
2759 #: apt-get.8.xml:126
2761 "<command>apt-get</command> is the command-line tool for handling packages, "
2762 "and may be considered the user's \"back-end\" to other tools using the APT "
2763 "library. Several \"front-end\" interfaces exist, such as &dselect;, "
2764 "&aptitude;, &synaptic;, &gnome-apt; and &wajig;."
2767 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2768 #: apt-get.8.xml:135 apt-key.8.xml:123
2772 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2773 #: apt-get.8.xml:136
2775 "<literal>update</literal> is used to resynchronize the package index files "
2776 "from their sources. The indexes of available packages are fetched from the "
2777 "location(s) specified in <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename>. For "
2778 "example, when using a Debian archive, this command retrieves and scans the "
2779 "<filename>Packages.gz</filename> files, so that information about new and "
2780 "updated packages is available. An <literal>update</literal> should always be "
2781 "performed before an <literal>upgrade</literal> or "
2782 "<literal>dist-upgrade</literal>. Please be aware that the overall progress "
2783 "meter will be incorrect as the size of the package files cannot be known in "
2787 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2788 #: apt-get.8.xml:147
2792 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2793 #: apt-get.8.xml:148
2795 "<literal>upgrade</literal> is used to install the newest versions of all "
2796 "packages currently installed on the system from the sources enumerated in "
2797 "<filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename>. Packages currently installed "
2798 "with new versions available are retrieved and upgraded; under no "
2799 "circumstances are currently installed packages removed, or packages not "
2800 "already installed retrieved and installed. New versions of currently "
2801 "installed packages that cannot be upgraded without changing the install "
2802 "status of another package will be left at their current version. An "
2803 "<literal>update</literal> must be performed first so that "
2804 "<command>apt-get</command> knows that new versions of packages are "
2808 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2809 #: apt-get.8.xml:160
2810 msgid "dselect-upgrade"
2813 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2814 #: apt-get.8.xml:161
2816 "<literal>dselect-upgrade</literal> is used in conjunction with the "
2817 "traditional Debian packaging front-end, "
2818 "&dselect;. <literal>dselect-upgrade</literal> follows the changes made by "
2819 "&dselect; to the <literal>Status</literal> field of available packages, and "
2820 "performs the actions necessary to realize that state (for instance, the "
2821 "removal of old and the installation of new packages)."
2824 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2825 #: apt-get.8.xml:170
2826 msgid "dist-upgrade"
2829 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2830 #: apt-get.8.xml:171
2832 "<literal>dist-upgrade</literal> in addition to performing the function of "
2833 "<literal>upgrade</literal>, also intelligently handles changing dependencies "
2834 "with new versions of packages; <command>apt-get</command> has a \"smart\" "
2835 "conflict resolution system, and it will attempt to upgrade the most "
2836 "important packages at the expense of less important ones if necessary. So, "
2837 "<literal>dist-upgrade</literal> command may remove some packages. The "
2838 "<filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename> file contains a list of locations "
2839 "from which to retrieve desired package files. See also &apt-preferences; "
2840 "for a mechanism for overriding the general settings for individual packages."
2843 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2844 #: apt-get.8.xml:183
2848 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2849 #: apt-get.8.xml:185
2851 "<literal>install</literal> is followed by one or more packages desired for "
2852 "installation or upgrading. Each package is a package name, not a fully "
2853 "qualified filename (for instance, in a Debian GNU/Linux system, libc6 would "
2854 "be the argument provided, not <literal>libc6_1.9.6-2.deb</literal>). All "
2855 "packages required by the package(s) specified for installation will also be "
2856 "retrieved and installed. The <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename> "
2857 "file is used to locate the desired packages. If a hyphen is appended to the "
2858 "package name (with no intervening space), the identified package will be "
2859 "removed if it is installed. Similarly a plus sign can be used to designate "
2860 "a package to install. These latter features may be used to override "
2861 "decisions made by apt-get's conflict resolution system."
2864 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2865 #: apt-get.8.xml:203
2867 "A specific version of a package can be selected for installation by "
2868 "following the package name with an equals and the version of the package to "
2869 "select. This will cause that version to be located and selected for "
2870 "install. Alternatively a specific distribution can be selected by following "
2871 "the package name with a slash and the version of the distribution or the "
2872 "Archive name (stable, testing, unstable)."
2875 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2876 #: apt-get.8.xml:210
2878 "Both of the version selection mechanisms can downgrade packages and must be "
2882 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2883 #: apt-get.8.xml:213
2885 "This is also the target to use if you want to upgrade one or more "
2886 "already-installed packages without upgrading every package you have on your "
2887 "system. Unlike the \"upgrade\" target, which installs the newest version of "
2888 "all currently installed packages, \"install\" will install the newest "
2889 "version of only the package(s) specified. Simply provide the name of the "
2890 "package(s) you wish to upgrade, and if a newer version is available, it (and "
2891 "its dependencies, as described above) will be downloaded and installed."
2894 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2895 #: apt-get.8.xml:224
2897 "Finally, the &apt-preferences; mechanism allows you to create an alternative "
2898 "installation policy for individual packages."
2901 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2902 #: apt-get.8.xml:228
2904 "If no package matches the given expression and the expression contains one "
2905 "of '.', '?' or '*' then it is assumed to be a POSIX regular expression, and "
2906 "it is applied to all package names in the database. Any matches are then "
2907 "installed (or removed). Note that matching is done by substring so 'lo.*' "
2908 "matches 'how-lo' and 'lowest'. If this is undesired, anchor the regular "
2909 "expression with a '^' or '$' character, or create a more specific regular "
2913 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2914 #: apt-get.8.xml:237
2918 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2919 #: apt-get.8.xml:238
2921 "<literal>remove</literal> is identical to <literal>install</literal> except "
2922 "that packages are removed instead of installed. Note the removing a package "
2923 "leaves its configuration files in system. If a plus sign is appended to the "
2924 "package name (with no intervening space), the identified package will be "
2925 "installed instead of removed."
2928 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2929 #: apt-get.8.xml:245
2933 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2934 #: apt-get.8.xml:246
2936 "<literal>purge</literal> is identical to <literal>remove</literal> except "
2937 "that packages are removed and purged (any configuration files are deleted "
2941 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2942 #: apt-get.8.xml:250
2946 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2947 #: apt-get.8.xml:251
2949 "<literal>source</literal> causes <command>apt-get</command> to fetch source "
2950 "packages. APT will examine the available packages to decide which source "
2951 "package to fetch. It will then find and download into the current directory "
2952 "the newest available version of that source package while respect the "
2953 "default release, set with the option "
2954 "<literal>APT::Default-Release</literal>, the <option>-t</option> option or "
2955 "per package with with the <literal>pkg/release</literal> syntax, if "
2959 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2960 #: apt-get.8.xml:259
2962 "Source packages are tracked separately from binary packages via "
2963 "<literal>deb-src</literal> type lines in the &sources-list; file. This means "
2964 "that you will need to add such a line for each repository you want to get "
2965 "sources from. If you don't do this you will properly get another (newer, "
2966 "older or none) source version than the one you have installed or could "
2970 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2971 #: apt-get.8.xml:266
2973 "If the <option>--compile</option> options is specified then the package will "
2974 "be compiled to a binary .deb using <command>dpkg-buildpackage</command>, if "
2975 "<option>--download-only</option> is specified then the source package will "
2979 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2980 #: apt-get.8.xml:271
2982 "A specific source version can be retrieved by postfixing the source name "
2983 "with an equals and then the version to fetch, similar to the mechanism used "
2984 "for the package files. This enables exact matching of the source package "
2985 "name and version, implicitly enabling the "
2986 "<literal>APT::Get::Only-Source</literal> option."
2989 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2990 #: apt-get.8.xml:277
2992 "Note that source packages are not tracked like binary packages, they exist "
2993 "only in the current directory and are similar to downloading source tar "
2997 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2998 #: apt-get.8.xml:282
3002 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3003 #: apt-get.8.xml:283
3005 "<literal>build-dep</literal> causes apt-get to install/remove packages in an "
3006 "attempt to satisfy the build dependencies for a source package."
3009 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3010 #: apt-get.8.xml:287
3014 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3015 #: apt-get.8.xml:288
3017 "<literal>check</literal> is a diagnostic tool; it updates the package cache "
3018 "and checks for broken dependencies."
3021 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3022 #: apt-get.8.xml:293
3024 "<literal>clean</literal> clears out the local repository of retrieved "
3025 "package files. It removes everything but the lock file from "
3026 "<filename>&cachedir;/archives/</filename> and "
3027 "<filename>&cachedir;/archives/partial/</filename>. When APT is used as a "
3028 "&dselect; method, <literal>clean</literal> is run automatically. Those who "
3029 "do not use dselect will likely want to run <literal>apt-get clean</literal> "
3030 "from time to time to free up disk space."
3033 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3034 #: apt-get.8.xml:302
3038 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3039 #: apt-get.8.xml:303
3041 "Like <literal>clean</literal>, <literal>autoclean</literal> clears out the "
3042 "local repository of retrieved package files. The difference is that it only "
3043 "removes package files that can no longer be downloaded, and are largely "
3044 "useless. This allows a cache to be maintained over a long period without it "
3045 "growing out of control. The configuration option "
3046 "<literal>APT::Clean-Installed</literal> will prevent installed packages from "
3047 "being erased if it is set to off."
3050 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3051 #: apt-get.8.xml:312
3055 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3056 #: apt-get.8.xml:313
3058 "<literal>autoremove</literal> is used to remove packages that were "
3059 "automatically installed to satisfy dependencies for some package and that "
3060 "are no more needed."
3063 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3064 #: apt-get.8.xml:323 apt-get.8.xml:429
3065 msgid "<option>--no-install-recommends</option>"
3068 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3069 #: apt-get.8.xml:324
3071 "Do not consider recommended packages as a dependency for installing. "
3072 "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Install-Recommends</literal>."
3075 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3076 #: apt-get.8.xml:328
3077 msgid "<option>--download-only</option>"
3080 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3081 #: apt-get.8.xml:329
3083 "Download only; package files are only retrieved, not unpacked or installed. "
3084 "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Download-Only</literal>."
3087 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3088 #: apt-get.8.xml:333
3089 msgid "<option>--fix-broken</option>"
3092 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3093 #: apt-get.8.xml:334
3095 "Fix; attempt to correct a system with broken dependencies in place. This "
3096 "option, when used with install/remove, can omit any packages to permit APT "
3097 "to deduce a likely solution. Any Package that are specified must completely "
3098 "correct the problem. The option is sometimes necessary when running APT for "
3099 "the first time; APT itself does not allow broken package dependencies to "
3100 "exist on a system. It is possible that a system's dependency structure can "
3101 "be so corrupt as to require manual intervention (which usually means using "
3102 "&dselect; or <command>dpkg --remove</command> to eliminate some of the "
3103 "offending packages). Use of this option together with <option>-m</option> "
3104 "may produce an error in some situations. Configuration Item: "
3105 "<literal>APT::Get::Fix-Broken</literal>."
3108 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3109 #: apt-get.8.xml:347
3110 msgid "<option>--ignore-missing</option>"
3113 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3114 #: apt-get.8.xml:348
3115 msgid "<option>--fix-missing</option>"
3118 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3119 #: apt-get.8.xml:349
3121 "Ignore missing packages; If packages cannot be retrieved or fail the "
3122 "integrity check after retrieval (corrupted package files), hold back those "
3123 "packages and handle the result. Use of this option together with "
3124 "<option>-f</option> may produce an error in some situations. If a package is "
3125 "selected for installation (particularly if it is mentioned on the command "
3126 "line) and it could not be downloaded then it will be silently held back. "
3127 "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Fix-Missing</literal>."
3130 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3131 #: apt-get.8.xml:359
3132 msgid "<option>--no-download</option>"
3135 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3136 #: apt-get.8.xml:360
3138 "Disables downloading of packages. This is best used with "
3139 "<option>--ignore-missing</option> to force APT to use only the .debs it has "
3140 "already downloaded. Configuration Item: "
3141 "<literal>APT::Get::Download</literal>."
3144 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3145 #: apt-get.8.xml:367
3147 "Quiet; produces output suitable for logging, omitting progress indicators. "
3148 "More q's will produce more quiet up to a maximum of 2. You can also use "
3149 "<option>-q=#</option> to set the quiet level, overriding the configuration "
3150 "file. Note that quiet level 2 implies <option>-y</option>, you should never "
3151 "use -qq without a no-action modifier such as -d, --print-uris or -s as APT "
3152 "may decided to do something you did not expect. Configuration Item: "
3153 "<literal>quiet</literal>."
3156 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3157 #: apt-get.8.xml:377
3158 msgid "<option>--simulate</option>"
3161 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3162 #: apt-get.8.xml:379
3163 msgid "<option>--dry-run</option>"
3166 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3167 #: apt-get.8.xml:382
3169 "No action; perform a simulation of events that would occur but do not "
3170 "actually change the system. Configuration Item: "
3171 "<literal>APT::Get::Simulate</literal>."
3174 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3175 #: apt-get.8.xml:386
3177 "Simulation run as user will deactivate locking "
3178 "(<literal>Debug::NoLocking</literal>) automatic. Also a notice will be "
3179 "displayed indicating that this is only a simulation, if the option "
3180 "<literal>APT::Get::Show-User-Simulation-Note</literal> is set (Default: "
3181 "true). Neither NoLocking nor the notice will be triggered if run as root "
3182 "(root should know what he is doing without further warnings by "
3183 "<literal>apt-get</literal>)."
3186 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3187 #: apt-get.8.xml:392
3189 "Simulate prints out a series of lines each one representing a dpkg "
3190 "operation, Configure (Conf), Remove (Remv), Unpack (Inst). Square brackets "
3191 "indicate broken packages with and empty set of square brackets meaning "
3192 "breaks that are of no consequence (rare)."
3195 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3196 #: apt-get.8.xml:399
3197 msgid "<option>-y</option>"
3200 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3201 #: apt-get.8.xml:399
3202 msgid "<option>--yes</option>"
3205 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3206 #: apt-get.8.xml:400
3207 msgid "<option>--assume-yes</option>"
3210 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3211 #: apt-get.8.xml:401
3213 "Automatic yes to prompts; assume \"yes\" as answer to all prompts and run "
3214 "non-interactively. If an undesirable situation, such as changing a held "
3215 "package, trying to install a unauthenticated package or removing an "
3216 "essential package occurs then <literal>apt-get</literal> will abort. "
3217 "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Assume-Yes</literal>."
3220 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3221 #: apt-get.8.xml:408
3222 msgid "<option>-u</option>"
3225 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3226 #: apt-get.8.xml:408
3227 msgid "<option>--show-upgraded</option>"
3230 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3231 #: apt-get.8.xml:409
3233 "Show upgraded packages; Print out a list of all packages that are to be "
3234 "upgraded. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Show-Upgraded</literal>."
3237 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3238 #: apt-get.8.xml:414
3239 msgid "<option>-V</option>"
3242 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3243 #: apt-get.8.xml:414
3244 msgid "<option>--verbose-versions</option>"
3247 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3248 #: apt-get.8.xml:415
3250 "Show full versions for upgraded and installed packages. Configuration Item: "
3251 "<literal>APT::Get::Show-Versions</literal>."
3254 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3255 #: apt-get.8.xml:419
3256 msgid "<option>-b</option>"
3259 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3260 #: apt-get.8.xml:419
3261 msgid "<option>--compile</option>"
3264 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3265 #: apt-get.8.xml:420
3266 msgid "<option>--build</option>"
3269 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3270 #: apt-get.8.xml:421
3272 "Compile source packages after downloading them. Configuration Item: "
3273 "<literal>APT::Get::Compile</literal>."
3276 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3277 #: apt-get.8.xml:425
3278 msgid "<option>--install-recommends</option>"
3281 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3282 #: apt-get.8.xml:426
3283 msgid "Also install recommended packages."
3286 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3287 #: apt-get.8.xml:430
3288 msgid "Do not install recommended packages."
3291 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3292 #: apt-get.8.xml:433
3293 msgid "<option>--ignore-hold</option>"
3296 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3297 #: apt-get.8.xml:434
3299 "Ignore package Holds; This causes <command>apt-get</command> to ignore a "
3300 "hold placed on a package. This may be useful in conjunction with "
3301 "<literal>dist-upgrade</literal> to override a large number of undesired "
3302 "holds. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Ignore-Hold</literal>."
3305 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3306 #: apt-get.8.xml:440
3307 msgid "<option>--no-upgrade</option>"
3310 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3311 #: apt-get.8.xml:441
3313 "Do not upgrade packages; When used in conjunction with "
3314 "<literal>install</literal>, <literal>no-upgrade</literal> will prevent "
3315 "packages on the command line from being upgraded if they are already "
3316 "installed. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Upgrade</literal>."
3319 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3320 #: apt-get.8.xml:447
3321 msgid "<option>--force-yes</option>"
3324 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3325 #: apt-get.8.xml:448
3327 "Force yes; This is a dangerous option that will cause apt to continue "
3328 "without prompting if it is doing something potentially harmful. It should "
3329 "not be used except in very special situations. Using "
3330 "<literal>force-yes</literal> can potentially destroy your system! "
3331 "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::force-yes</literal>."
3334 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3335 #: apt-get.8.xml:455
3336 msgid "<option>--print-uris</option>"
3339 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3340 #: apt-get.8.xml:456
3342 "Instead of fetching the files to install their URIs are printed. Each URI "
3343 "will have the path, the destination file name, the size and the expected md5 "
3344 "hash. Note that the file name to write to will not always match the file "
3345 "name on the remote site! This also works with the <literal>source</literal> "
3346 "and <literal>update</literal> commands. When used with the "
3347 "<literal>update</literal> command the MD5 and size are not included, and it "
3348 "is up to the user to decompress any compressed files. Configuration Item: "
3349 "<literal>APT::Get::Print-URIs</literal>."
3352 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3353 #: apt-get.8.xml:466
3354 msgid "<option>--purge</option>"
3357 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3358 #: apt-get.8.xml:467
3360 "Use purge instead of remove for anything that would be removed. An asterisk "
3361 "(\"*\") will be displayed next to packages which are scheduled to be "
3362 "purged. <option>remove --purge</option> is equivalent for "
3363 "<option>purge</option> command. Configuration Item: "
3364 "<literal>APT::Get::Purge</literal>."
3367 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3368 #: apt-get.8.xml:474
3369 msgid "<option>--reinstall</option>"
3372 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3373 #: apt-get.8.xml:475
3375 "Re-Install packages that are already installed and at the newest version. "
3376 "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::ReInstall</literal>."
3379 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3380 #: apt-get.8.xml:479
3381 msgid "<option>--list-cleanup</option>"
3384 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3385 #: apt-get.8.xml:480
3387 "This option defaults to on, use <literal>--no-list-cleanup</literal> to turn "
3388 "it off. When on <command>apt-get</command> will automatically manage the "
3389 "contents of <filename>&statedir;/lists</filename> to ensure that obsolete "
3390 "files are erased. The only reason to turn it off is if you frequently "
3391 "change your source list. Configuration Item: "
3392 "<literal>APT::Get::List-Cleanup</literal>."
3395 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3396 #: apt-get.8.xml:489
3397 msgid "<option>--target-release</option>"
3400 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3401 #: apt-get.8.xml:490
3402 msgid "<option>--default-release</option>"
3405 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3406 #: apt-get.8.xml:491
3408 "This option controls the default input to the policy engine, it creates a "
3409 "default pin at priority 990 using the specified release string. This "
3410 "overrides the general settings in "
3411 "<filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename>. Specifically pinned packages are "
3412 "not affected by the value of this option. In short, this option lets you "
3413 "have simple control over which distribution packages will be retrieved "
3414 "from. Some common examples might be <option>-t '2.1*'</option>, <option>-t "
3415 "unstable</option> or <option>-t sid</option>. Configuration Item: "
3416 "<literal>APT::Default-Release</literal>; see also the &apt-preferences; "
3420 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3421 #: apt-get.8.xml:504
3422 msgid "<option>--trivial-only</option>"
3425 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3426 #: apt-get.8.xml:506
3428 "Only perform operations that are 'trivial'. Logically this can be considered "
3429 "related to <option>--assume-yes</option>, where "
3430 "<option>--assume-yes</option> will answer yes to any prompt, "
3431 "<option>--trivial-only</option> will answer no. Configuration Item: "
3432 "<literal>APT::Get::Trivial-Only</literal>."
3435 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3436 #: apt-get.8.xml:512
3437 msgid "<option>--no-remove</option>"
3440 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3441 #: apt-get.8.xml:513
3443 "If any packages are to be removed apt-get immediately aborts without "
3444 "prompting. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Remove</literal>."
3447 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3448 #: apt-get.8.xml:518
3449 msgid "<option>--auto-remove</option>"
3452 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3453 #: apt-get.8.xml:519
3455 "If the command is either <literal>install</literal> or "
3456 "<literal>remove</literal>, then this option acts like running "
3457 "<literal>autoremove</literal> command, removing the unused dependency "
3458 "packages. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::AutomaticRemove</literal>."
3461 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3462 #: apt-get.8.xml:525
3463 msgid "<option>--only-source</option>"
3466 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3467 #: apt-get.8.xml:526
3469 "Only has meaning for the <literal>source</literal> and "
3470 "<literal>build-dep</literal> commands. Indicates that the given source "
3471 "names are not to be mapped through the binary table. This means that if "
3472 "this option is specified, these commands will only accept source package "
3473 "names as arguments, rather than accepting binary package names and looking "
3474 "up the corresponding source package. Configuration Item: "
3475 "<literal>APT::Get::Only-Source</literal>."
3478 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3479 #: apt-get.8.xml:536
3480 msgid "<option>--diff-only</option>"
3483 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3484 #: apt-get.8.xml:536
3485 msgid "<option>--dsc-only</option>"
3488 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3489 #: apt-get.8.xml:536
3490 msgid "<option>--tar-only</option>"
3493 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3494 #: apt-get.8.xml:537
3496 "Download only the diff, dsc, or tar file of a source archive. Configuration "
3497 "Item: <literal>APT::Get::Diff-Only</literal>, "
3498 "<literal>APT::Get::Dsc-Only</literal>, and "
3499 "<literal>APT::Get::Tar-Only</literal>."
3502 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3503 #: apt-get.8.xml:542
3504 msgid "<option>--arch-only</option>"
3507 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3508 #: apt-get.8.xml:543
3510 "Only process architecture-dependent build-dependencies. Configuration Item: "
3511 "<literal>APT::Get::Arch-Only</literal>."
3514 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3515 #: apt-get.8.xml:547
3516 msgid "<option>--allow-unauthenticated</option>"
3519 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3520 #: apt-get.8.xml:548
3522 "Ignore if packages can't be authenticated and don't prompt about it. This "
3523 "is useful for tools like pbuilder. Configuration Item: "
3524 "<literal>APT::Get::AllowUnauthenticated</literal>."
3527 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist>
3528 #: apt-get.8.xml:561
3530 "&file-sourceslist; &file-aptconf; &file-preferences; &file-cachearchives; "
3534 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3535 #: apt-get.8.xml:570
3537 "&apt-cache;, &apt-cdrom;, &dpkg;, &dselect;, &sources-list;, &apt-conf;, "
3538 "&apt-config;, &apt-secure;, The APT User's guide in &guidesdir;, "
3539 "&apt-preferences;, the APT Howto."
3542 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3543 #: apt-get.8.xml:576
3545 "<command>apt-get</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal 100 on "
3549 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
3550 #: apt-get.8.xml:579
3551 msgid "ORIGINAL AUTHORS"
3554 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3555 #: apt-get.8.xml:580
3556 msgid "&apt-author.jgunthorpe;"
3559 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
3560 #: apt-get.8.xml:583
3561 msgid "CURRENT AUTHORS"
3564 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3565 #: apt-get.8.xml:585
3566 msgid "&apt-author.team;"
3569 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
3570 #: apt-key.8.xml:14 apt-key.8.xml:21
3574 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
3576 msgid "APT key management utility"
3579 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsynopsisdiv><cmdsynopsis>
3582 "<command>apt-key</command> <arg><replaceable>command</replaceable>/</arg> "
3584 "rep=\"repeat\"><option><replaceable>arguments</replaceable></option></arg>"
3587 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3590 "<command>apt-key</command> is used to manage the list of keys used by apt to "
3591 "authenticate packages. Packages which have been authenticated using these "
3592 "keys will be considered trusted."
3595 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
3600 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3602 msgid "add <replaceable>filename</replaceable>"
3605 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3608 "Add a new key to the list of trusted keys. The key is read from "
3609 "<replaceable>filename</replaceable>, or standard input if "
3610 "<replaceable>filename</replaceable> is <literal>-</literal>."
3613 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3615 msgid "del <replaceable>keyid</replaceable>"
3618 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3620 msgid "Remove a key from the list of trusted keys."
3623 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3625 msgid "export <replaceable>keyid</replaceable>"
3628 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3630 msgid "Output the key <replaceable>keyid</replaceable> to standard output."
3633 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3638 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3640 msgid "Output all trusted keys to standard output."
3643 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3648 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3650 msgid "List trusted keys."
3653 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3654 #: apt-key.8.xml:100
3658 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3659 #: apt-key.8.xml:104
3660 msgid "List fingerprints of trusted keys."
3663 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3664 #: apt-key.8.xml:111
3668 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3669 #: apt-key.8.xml:115
3671 "Pass advanced options to gpg. With adv --recv-key you can download the "
3675 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3676 #: apt-key.8.xml:127
3678 "Update the local keyring with the keyring of Debian archive keys and removes "
3679 "from the keyring the archive keys which are no longer valid."
3682 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3683 #: apt-key.8.xml:140
3684 msgid "<filename>/etc/apt/trusted.gpg</filename>"
3687 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3688 #: apt-key.8.xml:141
3689 msgid "Keyring of local trusted keys, new keys will be added here."
3692 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3693 #: apt-key.8.xml:144
3694 msgid "<filename>/etc/apt/trustdb.gpg</filename>"
3697 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3698 #: apt-key.8.xml:145
3699 msgid "Local trust database of archive keys."
3702 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3703 #: apt-key.8.xml:148
3704 msgid "<filename>/usr/share/keyrings/debian-archive-keyring.gpg</filename>"
3707 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3708 #: apt-key.8.xml:149
3709 msgid "Keyring of Debian archive trusted keys."
3712 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3713 #: apt-key.8.xml:152
3714 msgid "<filename>/usr/share/keyrings/debian-archive-removed-keys.gpg</filename>"
3717 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3718 #: apt-key.8.xml:153
3719 msgid "Keyring of Debian archive removed trusted keys."
3722 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3723 #: apt-key.8.xml:164
3724 msgid "&apt-get;, &apt-secure;"
3727 #. The last update date
3728 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refentryinfo>
3729 #: apt-mark.8.xml:13
3731 "&apt-author.moconnor; &apt-author.team; &apt-email; &apt-product; <date>9 "
3732 "August 2009</date>"
3735 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
3736 #: apt-mark.8.xml:22 apt-mark.8.xml:29
3740 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
3741 #: apt-mark.8.xml:30
3742 msgid "mark/unmark a package as being automatically-installed"
3745 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsynopsisdiv><cmdsynopsis>
3746 #: apt-mark.8.xml:36
3748 " <command>apt-mark</command> <arg><option>-hv</option></arg> "
3749 "<arg><option>-f=<replaceable>FILENAME</replaceable></option></arg> <group "
3750 "choice=\"plain\"> <arg choice=\"plain\"> <group choice=\"req\"> <arg "
3751 "choice=\"plain\">markauto</arg> <arg choice=\"plain\">unmarkauto</arg> "
3752 "</group> <arg choice=\"plain\" "
3753 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>package</replaceable></arg> </arg> <arg "
3754 "choice=\"plain\">showauto</arg> </group>"
3757 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3758 #: apt-mark.8.xml:53
3760 "<command>apt-mark</command> will change whether a package has been marked as "
3761 "being automatically installed."
3764 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3765 #: apt-mark.8.xml:57
3767 "When you request that a package is installed, and as a result other packages "
3768 "are installed to satisfy its dependencies, the dependencies are marked as "
3769 "being automatically installed. Once these automatically installed packages "
3770 "are no longer depended on by any manually installed packages, they will be "
3771 "removed by e.g. <command>apt-get</command> or <command>aptitude</command>."
3774 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3775 #: apt-mark.8.xml:65
3779 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3780 #: apt-mark.8.xml:66
3782 "<literal>markauto</literal> is used to mark a package as being automatically "
3783 "installed, which will cause the package to be removed when no more manually "
3784 "installed packages depend on this package."
3787 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3788 #: apt-mark.8.xml:73
3792 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3793 #: apt-mark.8.xml:74
3795 "<literal>unmarkauto</literal> is used to mark a package as being manually "
3796 "installed, which will prevent the package from being automatically removed "
3797 "if no other packages depend on it."
3800 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3801 #: apt-mark.8.xml:81
3805 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3806 #: apt-mark.8.xml:82
3808 "<literal>showauto</literal> is used to print a list of manually installed "
3809 "packages with each package on a new line."
3812 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3813 #: apt-mark.8.xml:93
3814 msgid "<option>-f=<filename><replaceable>FILENAME</replaceable></filename></option>"
3817 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3818 #: apt-mark.8.xml:94
3819 msgid "<option>--file=<filename><replaceable>FILENAME</replaceable></filename></option>"
3822 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3823 #: apt-mark.8.xml:97
3825 "Read/Write package stats from "
3826 "<filename><replaceable>FILENAME</replaceable></filename> instead of the "
3827 "default location, which is <filename>extended_status</filename> in the "
3828 "directory defined by the Configuration Item: <literal>Dir::State</literal>."
3831 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3832 #: apt-mark.8.xml:103
3833 msgid "<option>-h</option>"
3836 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3837 #: apt-mark.8.xml:104
3838 msgid "<option>--help</option>"
3841 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3842 #: apt-mark.8.xml:105
3843 msgid "Show a short usage summary."
3846 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3847 #: apt-mark.8.xml:111
3848 msgid "<option>-v</option>"
3851 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3852 #: apt-mark.8.xml:112
3853 msgid "<option>--version</option>"
3856 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3857 #: apt-mark.8.xml:113
3858 msgid "Show the program version."
3861 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3862 #: apt-mark.8.xml:124
3863 msgid "<filename>/var/lib/apt/extended_states</filename>"
3866 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3867 #: apt-mark.8.xml:125
3869 "Status list of auto-installed packages. Configuration Item: "
3870 "<literal>Dir::State</literal> sets the path to the "
3871 "<filename>extended_states</filename> file."
3874 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3875 #: apt-mark.8.xml:134
3876 msgid "&apt-get;,&aptitude;,&apt-conf;"
3879 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3880 #: apt-mark.8.xml:138
3882 "<command>apt-mark</command> returns zero on normal operation, non-zero on "
3886 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
3887 #: apt-secure.8.xml:14 apt-secure.8.xml:36
3891 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
3892 #: apt-secure.8.xml:37
3893 msgid "Archive authentication support for APT"
3896 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3897 #: apt-secure.8.xml:42
3899 "Starting with version 0.6, <command>apt</command> contains code that does "
3900 "signature checking of the Release file for all archives. This ensures that "
3901 "packages in the archive can't be modified by people who have no access to "
3902 "the Release file signing key."
3905 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3906 #: apt-secure.8.xml:50
3908 "If a package comes from a archive without a signature or with a signature "
3909 "that apt does not have a key for that package is considered untrusted and "
3910 "installing it will result in a big warning. <command>apt-get</command> will "
3911 "currently only warn for unsigned archives, future releases might force all "
3912 "sources to be verified before downloading packages from them."
3915 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3916 #: apt-secure.8.xml:59
3918 "The package frontends &apt-get;, &aptitude; and &synaptic; support this new "
3919 "authentication feature."
3922 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
3923 #: apt-secure.8.xml:64
3924 msgid "Trusted archives"
3927 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3928 #: apt-secure.8.xml:67
3930 "The chain of trust from an apt archive to the end user is made up of "
3931 "different steps. <command>apt-secure</command> is the last step in this "
3932 "chain, trusting an archive does not mean that the packages that you trust it "
3933 "do not contain malicious code but means that you trust the archive "
3934 "maintainer. Its the archive maintainer responsibility to ensure that the "
3935 "archive integrity is correct."
3938 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3939 #: apt-secure.8.xml:75
3941 "apt-secure does not review signatures at a package level. If you require "
3942 "tools to do this you should look at <command>debsig-verify</command> and "
3943 "<command>debsign</command> (provided in the debsig-verify and devscripts "
3944 "packages respectively)."
3947 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3948 #: apt-secure.8.xml:82
3950 "The chain of trust in Debian starts when a maintainer uploads a new package "
3951 "or a new version of a package to the Debian archive. This upload in order to "
3952 "become effective needs to be signed by a key of a maintainer within the "
3953 "Debian maintainer's keyring (available in the debian-keyring "
3954 "package). Maintainer's keys are signed by other maintainers following "
3955 "pre-established procedures to ensure the identity of the key holder."
3958 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3959 #: apt-secure.8.xml:92
3961 "Once the uploaded package is verified and included in the archive, the "
3962 "maintainer signature is stripped off, an MD5 sum of the package is computed "
3963 "and put in the Packages file. The MD5 sum of all of the packages files are "
3964 "then computed and put into the Release file. The Release file is then signed "
3965 "by the archive key (which is created once a year and distributed through the "
3966 "FTP server. This key is also on the Debian keyring."
3969 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3970 #: apt-secure.8.xml:102
3972 "Any end user can check the signature of the Release file, extract the MD5 "
3973 "sum of a package from it and compare it with the MD5 sum of the package he "
3974 "downloaded. Prior to version 0.6 only the MD5 sum of the downloaded Debian "
3975 "package was checked. Now both the MD5 sum and the signature of the Release "
3979 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3980 #: apt-secure.8.xml:109
3982 "Notice that this is distinct from checking signatures on a per package "
3983 "basis. It is designed to prevent two possible attacks:"
3986 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
3987 #: apt-secure.8.xml:114
3989 "<literal>Network \"man in the middle\" attacks</literal>. Without signature "
3990 "checking, a malicious agent can introduce himself in the package download "
3991 "process and provide malicious software either by controlling a network "
3992 "element (router, switch, etc.) or by redirecting traffic to a rogue server "
3993 "(through arp or DNS spoofing attacks)."
3996 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
3997 #: apt-secure.8.xml:122
3999 "<literal>Mirror network compromise</literal>. Without signature checking, a "
4000 "malicious agent can compromise a mirror host and modify the files in it to "
4001 "propagate malicious software to all users downloading packages from that "
4005 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4006 #: apt-secure.8.xml:129
4008 "However, it does not defend against a compromise of the Debian master server "
4009 "itself (which signs the packages) or against a compromise of the key used to "
4010 "sign the Release files. In any case, this mechanism can complement a "
4011 "per-package signature."
4014 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
4015 #: apt-secure.8.xml:135
4016 msgid "User configuration"
4019 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4020 #: apt-secure.8.xml:137
4022 "<command>apt-key</command> is the program that manages the list of keys used "
4023 "by apt. It can be used to add or remove keys although an installation of "
4024 "this release will automatically provide the default Debian archive signing "
4025 "keys used in the Debian package repositories."
4028 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4029 #: apt-secure.8.xml:144
4031 "In order to add a new key you need to first download it (you should make "
4032 "sure you are using a trusted communication channel when retrieving it), add "
4033 "it with <command>apt-key</command> and then run <command>apt-get "
4034 "update</command> so that apt can download and verify the "
4035 "<filename>Release.gpg</filename> files from the archives you have "
4039 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
4040 #: apt-secure.8.xml:153
4041 msgid "Archive configuration"
4044 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4045 #: apt-secure.8.xml:155
4047 "If you want to provide archive signatures in an archive under your "
4048 "maintenance you have to:"
4051 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
4052 #: apt-secure.8.xml:160
4054 "<literal>Create a toplevel Release file</literal>. if it does not exist "
4055 "already. You can do this by running <command>apt-ftparchive "
4056 "release</command> (provided in apt-utils)."
4059 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
4060 #: apt-secure.8.xml:165
4062 "<literal>Sign it</literal>. You can do this by running <command>gpg -abs -o "
4063 "Release.gpg Release</command>."
4066 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
4067 #: apt-secure.8.xml:168
4069 "<literal>Publish the key fingerprint</literal>, that way your users will "
4070 "know what key they need to import in order to authenticate the files in the "
4074 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4075 #: apt-secure.8.xml:175
4077 "Whenever the contents of the archive changes (new packages are added or "
4078 "removed) the archive maintainer has to follow the first two steps previously "
4082 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4083 #: apt-secure.8.xml:183
4085 "&apt-conf;, &apt-get;, &sources-list;, &apt-key;, &apt-ftparchive;, "
4086 "&debsign; &debsig-verify;, &gpg;"
4089 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4090 #: apt-secure.8.xml:187
4092 "For more background information you might want to review the <ulink "
4093 "url=\"http://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/securing-debian-howto/ch7.en.html\">Debian "
4094 "Security Infrastructure</ulink> chapter of the Securing Debian Manual "
4095 "(available also in the harden-doc package) and the <ulink "
4096 "url=\"http://www.cryptnet.net/fdp/crypto/strong_distro.html\" >Strong "
4097 "Distribution HOWTO</ulink> by V. Alex Brennen."
4100 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
4101 #: apt-secure.8.xml:200
4102 msgid "Manpage Authors"
4105 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4106 #: apt-secure.8.xml:202
4108 "This man-page is based on the work of Javier Fernández-Sanguino Peña, Isaac "
4109 "Jones, Colin Walters, Florian Weimer and Michael Vogt."
4112 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
4113 #: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:22 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:29
4114 msgid "apt-sortpkgs"
4117 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
4118 #: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:30
4119 msgid "Utility to sort package index files"
4122 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsynopsisdiv><cmdsynopsis>
4123 #: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:36
4125 "<command>apt-sortpkgs</command> <arg><option>-hvs</option></arg> "
4126 "<arg><option>-o=<replaceable>config string</replaceable></option></arg> "
4127 "<arg><option>-c=<replaceable>file</replaceable></option></arg> <arg "
4128 "choice=\"plain\" rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>file</replaceable></arg>"
4131 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4132 #: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:45
4134 "<command>apt-sortpkgs</command> will take an index file (Source index or "
4135 "Package index) and sort the records so that they are ordered by the package "
4136 "name. It will also sort the internal fields of each record according to the "
4137 "internal sorting rules."
4140 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4141 #: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:51
4142 msgid "All output is sent to stdout, the input must be a seekable file."
4145 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4146 #: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:58
4147 msgid "<option>--source</option>"
4150 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4151 #: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:60
4153 "Use Source index field ordering. Configuration Item: "
4154 "<literal>APT::SortPkgs::Source</literal>."
4157 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4158 #: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:74
4160 "<command>apt-sortpkgs</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal "
4164 #. The last update date
4165 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refentryinfo>
4166 #: apt.conf.5.xml:13
4168 "&apt-author.jgunthorpe; &apt-author.team; <author> "
4169 "<firstname>Daniel</firstname> <surname>Burrows</surname> <contrib>Initial "
4170 "documentation of Debug::*.</contrib> <email>dburrows@debian.org</email> "
4171 "</author> &apt-email; &apt-product; <date>10 December 2008</date>"
4174 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
4175 #: apt.conf.5.xml:28 apt.conf.5.xml:35
4179 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refmeta><manvolnum>
4180 #: apt.conf.5.xml:29 apt_preferences.5.xml:22 sources.list.5.xml:23
4184 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
4185 #: apt.conf.5.xml:36
4186 msgid "Configuration file for APT"
4189 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4190 #: apt.conf.5.xml:40
4192 "<filename>apt.conf</filename> is the main configuration file for the APT "
4193 "suite of tools, all tools make use of the configuration file and a common "
4194 "command line parser to provide a uniform environment. When an APT tool "
4195 "starts up it will read the configuration specified by the "
4196 "<envar>APT_CONFIG</envar> environment variable (if any) and then read the "
4197 "files in <literal>Dir::Etc::Parts</literal> then read the main configuration "
4198 "file specified by <literal>Dir::Etc::main</literal> then finally apply the "
4199 "command line options to override the configuration directives, possibly "
4200 "loading even more config files."
4203 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4204 #: apt.conf.5.xml:50
4206 "The configuration file is organized in a tree with options organized into "
4207 "functional groups. option specification is given with a double colon "
4208 "notation, for instance <literal>APT::Get::Assume-Yes</literal> is an option "
4209 "within the APT tool group, for the Get tool. options do not inherit from "
4210 "their parent groups."
4213 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4214 #: apt.conf.5.xml:56
4216 "Syntactically the configuration language is modeled after what the ISC tools "
4217 "such as bind and dhcp use. Lines starting with <literal>//</literal> are "
4218 "treated as comments (ignored), as well as all text between "
4219 "<literal>/*</literal> and <literal>*/</literal>, just like C/C++ comments. "
4220 "Each line is of the form <literal>APT::Get::Assume-Yes \"true\";</literal> "
4221 "The trailing semicolon is required and the quotes are optional. A new scope "
4222 "can be opened with curly braces, like:"
4225 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><informalexample><programlisting>
4226 #: apt.conf.5.xml:66
4231 " Assume-Yes \"true\";\n"
4232 " Fix-Broken \"true\";\n"
4237 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4238 #: apt.conf.5.xml:74
4240 "with newlines placed to make it more readable. Lists can be created by "
4241 "opening a scope and including a single string enclosed in quotes followed by "
4242 "a semicolon. Multiple entries can be included, each separated by a "
4246 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><informalexample><programlisting>
4247 #: apt.conf.5.xml:79
4249 msgid "DPkg::Pre-Install-Pkgs {\"/usr/sbin/dpkg-preconfigure --apt\";};\n"
4252 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4253 #: apt.conf.5.xml:82
4255 "In general the sample configuration file in "
4256 "<filename>&docdir;examples/apt.conf</filename> &configureindex; is a good "
4257 "guide for how it should look."
4260 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4261 #: apt.conf.5.xml:86
4263 "The names of the configuration items are not case-sensitive. So in the "
4264 "previous example you could use <literal>dpkg::pre-install-pkgs</literal>."
4267 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4268 #: apt.conf.5.xml:89
4270 "Two specials are allowed, <literal>#include</literal> and "
4271 "<literal>#clear</literal> <literal>#include</literal> will include the given "
4272 "file, unless the filename ends in a slash, then the whole directory is "
4273 "included. <literal>#clear</literal> is used to erase a part of the "
4274 "configuration tree. The specified element and all its descendants are "
4278 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4279 #: apt.conf.5.xml:95
4281 "All of the APT tools take a -o option which allows an arbitrary "
4282 "configuration directive to be specified on the command line. The syntax is a "
4283 "full option name (<literal>APT::Get::Assume-Yes</literal> for instance) "
4284 "followed by an equals sign then the new value of the option. Lists can be "
4285 "appended too by adding a trailing :: to the list name."
4288 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
4289 #: apt.conf.5.xml:102
4290 msgid "The APT Group"
4293 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4294 #: apt.conf.5.xml:103
4296 "This group of options controls general APT behavior as well as holding the "
4297 "options for all of the tools."
4300 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4301 #: apt.conf.5.xml:107
4302 msgid "Architecture"
4305 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4306 #: apt.conf.5.xml:108
4308 "System Architecture; sets the architecture to use when fetching files and "
4309 "parsing package lists. The internal default is the architecture apt was "
4313 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4314 #: apt.conf.5.xml:113
4315 msgid "Default-Release"
4318 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4319 #: apt.conf.5.xml:114
4321 "Default release to install packages from if more than one version "
4322 "available. Contains release name, codename or release version. Examples: "
4323 "'stable', 'testing', 'unstable', 'lenny', 'squeeze', '4.0', '5.0*'. See also "
4324 "&apt-preferences;."
4327 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4328 #: apt.conf.5.xml:118
4332 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4333 #: apt.conf.5.xml:119
4335 "Ignore Held packages; This global option causes the problem resolver to "
4336 "ignore held packages in its decision making."
4339 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4340 #: apt.conf.5.xml:123
4341 msgid "Clean-Installed"
4344 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4345 #: apt.conf.5.xml:124
4347 "Defaults to on. When turned on the autoclean feature will remove any "
4348 "packages which can no longer be downloaded from the cache. If turned off "
4349 "then packages that are locally installed are also excluded from cleaning - "
4350 "but note that APT provides no direct means to reinstall them."
4353 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4354 #: apt.conf.5.xml:130
4355 msgid "Immediate-Configure"
4358 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4359 #: apt.conf.5.xml:131
4361 "Disable Immediate Configuration; This dangerous option disables some of "
4362 "APT's ordering code to cause it to make fewer dpkg calls. Doing so may be "
4363 "necessary on some extremely slow single user systems but is very dangerous "
4364 "and may cause package install scripts to fail or worse. Use at your own "
4368 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4369 #: apt.conf.5.xml:138
4370 msgid "Force-LoopBreak"
4373 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4374 #: apt.conf.5.xml:139
4376 "Never Enable this option unless you -really- know what you are doing. It "
4377 "permits APT to temporarily remove an essential package to break a "
4378 "Conflicts/Conflicts or Conflicts/Pre-Depend loop between two essential "
4379 "packages. SUCH A LOOP SHOULD NEVER EXIST AND IS A GRAVE BUG. This option "
4380 "will work if the essential packages are not tar, gzip, libc, dpkg, bash or "
4381 "anything that those packages depend on."
4384 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4385 #: apt.conf.5.xml:147
4389 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4390 #: apt.conf.5.xml:148
4392 "APT uses a fixed size memory mapped cache file to store the 'available' "
4393 "information. This sets the size of that cache (in bytes)."
4396 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4397 #: apt.conf.5.xml:152
4398 msgid "Build-Essential"
4401 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4402 #: apt.conf.5.xml:153
4403 msgid "Defines which package(s) are considered essential build dependencies."
4406 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4407 #: apt.conf.5.xml:156
4411 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4412 #: apt.conf.5.xml:157
4414 "The Get subsection controls the &apt-get; tool, please see its documentation "
4415 "for more information about the options here."
4418 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4419 #: apt.conf.5.xml:161
4423 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4424 #: apt.conf.5.xml:162
4426 "The Cache subsection controls the &apt-cache; tool, please see its "
4427 "documentation for more information about the options here."
4430 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4431 #: apt.conf.5.xml:166
4435 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4436 #: apt.conf.5.xml:167
4438 "The CDROM subsection controls the &apt-cdrom; tool, please see its "
4439 "documentation for more information about the options here."
4442 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
4443 #: apt.conf.5.xml:173
4444 msgid "The Acquire Group"
4447 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4448 #: apt.conf.5.xml:178
4452 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4453 #: apt.conf.5.xml:179
4455 "Try to download deltas called <literal>PDiffs</literal> for Packages or "
4456 "Sources files instead of downloading whole ones. True by default."
4459 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4460 #: apt.conf.5.xml:184
4464 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4465 #: apt.conf.5.xml:185
4467 "Queuing mode; <literal>Queue-Mode</literal> can be one of "
4468 "<literal>host</literal> or <literal>access</literal> which determines how "
4469 "APT parallelizes outgoing connections. <literal>host</literal> means that "
4470 "one connection per target host will be opened, <literal>access</literal> "
4471 "means that one connection per URI type will be opened."
4474 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4475 #: apt.conf.5.xml:192
4479 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4480 #: apt.conf.5.xml:193
4482 "Number of retries to perform. If this is non-zero APT will retry failed "
4483 "files the given number of times."
4486 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4487 #: apt.conf.5.xml:197
4488 msgid "Source-Symlinks"
4491 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4492 #: apt.conf.5.xml:198
4494 "Use symlinks for source archives. If set to true then source archives will "
4495 "be symlinked when possible instead of copying. True is the default."
4498 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4499 #: apt.conf.5.xml:202 sources.list.5.xml:139
4503 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4504 #: apt.conf.5.xml:203
4506 "HTTP URIs; http::Proxy is the default http proxy to use. It is in the "
4507 "standard form of <literal>http://[[user][:pass]@]host[:port]/</literal>. Per "
4508 "host proxies can also be specified by using the form "
4509 "<literal>http::Proxy::<host></literal> with the special keyword "
4510 "<literal>DIRECT</literal> meaning to use no proxies. If no one of the above "
4511 "settings is specified, <envar>http_proxy</envar> environment variable will "
4515 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4516 #: apt.conf.5.xml:211
4518 "Three settings are provided for cache control with HTTP/1.1 compliant proxy "
4519 "caches. <literal>No-Cache</literal> tells the proxy to not use its cached "
4520 "response under any circumstances, <literal>Max-Age</literal> is sent only "
4521 "for index files and tells the cache to refresh its object if it is older "
4522 "than the given number of seconds. Debian updates its index files daily so "
4523 "the default is 1 day. <literal>No-Store</literal> specifies that the cache "
4524 "should never store this request, it is only set for archive files. This may "
4525 "be useful to prevent polluting a proxy cache with very large .deb "
4526 "files. Note: Squid 2.0.2 does not support any of these options."
4529 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4530 #: apt.conf.5.xml:221 apt.conf.5.xml:273
4532 "The option <literal>timeout</literal> sets the timeout timer used by the "
4533 "method, this applies to all things including connection timeout and data "
4537 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4538 #: apt.conf.5.xml:224
4540 "One setting is provided to control the pipeline depth in cases where the "
4541 "remote server is not RFC conforming or buggy (such as Squid 2.0.2) "
4542 "<literal>Acquire::http::Pipeline-Depth</literal> can be a value from 0 to 5 "
4543 "indicating how many outstanding requests APT should send. A value of zero "
4544 "MUST be specified if the remote host does not properly linger on TCP "
4545 "connections - otherwise data corruption will occur. Hosts which require this "
4546 "are in violation of RFC 2068."
4549 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4550 #: apt.conf.5.xml:233
4554 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4555 #: apt.conf.5.xml:234
4557 "HTTPS URIs. Cache-control and proxy options are the same as for "
4558 "<literal>http</literal> method. <literal>Pipeline-Depth</literal> option is "
4559 "not supported yet."
4562 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4563 #: apt.conf.5.xml:238
4565 "<literal>CaInfo</literal> suboption specifies place of file that holds info "
4566 "about trusted certificates. <literal><host>::CaInfo</literal> is "
4567 "corresponding per-host option. <literal>Verify-Peer</literal> boolean "
4568 "suboption determines whether verify server's host certificate against "
4569 "trusted certificates or not. <literal><host>::Verify-Peer</literal> "
4570 "is corresponding per-host option. <literal>Verify-Host</literal> boolean "
4571 "suboption determines whether verify server's hostname or not. "
4572 "<literal><host>::Verify-Host</literal> is corresponding per-host "
4573 "option. <literal>SslCert</literal> determines what certificate to use for "
4574 "client authentication. <literal><host>::SslCert</literal> is "
4575 "corresponding per-host option. <literal>SslKey</literal> determines what "
4576 "private key to use for client "
4577 "authentication. <literal><host>::SslKey</literal> is corresponding "
4578 "per-host option. <literal>SslForceVersion</literal> overrides default SSL "
4579 "version to use. Can contain 'TLSv1' or 'SSLv3' string. "
4580 "<literal><host>::SslForceVersion</literal> is corresponding per-host "
4584 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4585 #: apt.conf.5.xml:256 sources.list.5.xml:150
4589 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4590 #: apt.conf.5.xml:257
4592 "FTP URIs; ftp::Proxy is the default ftp proxy to use. It is in the standard "
4593 "form of <literal>ftp://[[user][:pass]@]host[:port]/</literal>. Per host "
4594 "proxies can also be specified by using the form "
4595 "<literal>ftp::Proxy::<host></literal> with the special keyword "
4596 "<literal>DIRECT</literal> meaning to use no proxies. If no one of the above "
4597 "settings is specified, <envar>ftp_proxy</envar> environment variable will be "
4598 "used. To use a ftp proxy you will have to set the "
4599 "<literal>ftp::ProxyLogin</literal> script in the configuration file. This "
4600 "entry specifies the commands to send to tell the proxy server what to "
4601 "connect to. Please see &configureindex; for an example of how to do "
4602 "this. The substitution variables available are "
4603 "<literal>$(PROXY_USER)</literal> <literal>$(PROXY_PASS)</literal> "
4604 "<literal>$(SITE_USER)</literal> <literal>$(SITE_PASS)</literal> "
4605 "<literal>$(SITE)</literal> and <literal>$(SITE_PORT)</literal> Each is taken "
4606 "from it's respective URI component."
4609 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4610 #: apt.conf.5.xml:276
4612 "Several settings are provided to control passive mode. Generally it is safe "
4613 "to leave passive mode on, it works in nearly every environment. However "
4614 "some situations require that passive mode be disabled and port mode ftp used "
4615 "instead. This can be done globally, for connections that go through a proxy "
4616 "or for a specific host (See the sample config file for examples)."
4619 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4620 #: apt.conf.5.xml:283
4622 "It is possible to proxy FTP over HTTP by setting the "
4623 "<envar>ftp_proxy</envar> environment variable to a http url - see the "
4624 "discussion of the http method above for syntax. You cannot set this in the "
4625 "configuration file and it is not recommended to use FTP over HTTP due to its "
4629 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4630 #: apt.conf.5.xml:288
4632 "The setting <literal>ForceExtended</literal> controls the use of RFC2428 "
4633 "<literal>EPSV</literal> and <literal>EPRT</literal> commands. The default is "
4634 "false, which means these commands are only used if the control connection is "
4635 "IPv6. Setting this to true forces their use even on IPv4 connections. Note "
4636 "that most FTP servers do not support RFC2428."
4639 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4640 #: apt.conf.5.xml:295 sources.list.5.xml:132
4644 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><literallayout>
4645 #: apt.conf.5.xml:301
4647 msgid "\"/cdrom/\"::Mount \"foo\";"
4650 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4651 #: apt.conf.5.xml:296
4653 "CDROM URIs; the only setting for CDROM URIs is the mount point, "
4654 "<literal>cdrom::Mount</literal> which must be the mount point for the CDROM "
4655 "drive as specified in <filename>/etc/fstab</filename>. It is possible to "
4656 "provide alternate mount and unmount commands if your mount point cannot be "
4657 "listed in the fstab (such as an SMB mount and old mount packages). The "
4658 "syntax is to put <placeholder type=\"literallayout\" id=\"0\"/> within the "
4659 "cdrom block. It is important to have the trailing slash. Unmount commands "
4660 "can be specified using UMount."
4663 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4664 #: apt.conf.5.xml:306
4668 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4669 #: apt.conf.5.xml:307
4671 "GPGV URIs; the only option for GPGV URIs is the option to pass additional "
4672 "parameters to gpgv. <literal>gpgv::Options</literal> Additional options "
4676 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4677 #: apt.conf.5.xml:312
4678 msgid "CompressionTypes"
4681 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><synopsis>
4682 #: apt.conf.5.xml:318
4685 "Acquire::CompressionTypes::<replaceable>FileExtension</replaceable> "
4686 "\"<replaceable>Methodname</replaceable>\";"
4689 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4690 #: apt.conf.5.xml:313
4692 "List of compression types which are understood by the acquire methods. "
4693 "Files like <filename>Packages</filename> can be available in various "
4694 "compression formats. Per default the acquire methods can decompress "
4695 "<command>bzip2</command>, <command>lzma</command> and "
4696 "<command>gzip</command> compressed files, with this setting more formats can "
4697 "be added on the fly or the used method can be changed. The syntax for this "
4698 "is: <placeholder type=\"synopsis\" id=\"0\"/>"
4701 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><synopsis>
4702 #: apt.conf.5.xml:323
4704 msgid "Acquire::CompressionTypes::Order:: \"gz\";"
4707 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><synopsis>
4708 #: apt.conf.5.xml:326
4710 msgid "Acquire::CompressionTypes::Order { \"lzma\"; \"gz\"; };"
4713 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4714 #: apt.conf.5.xml:319
4716 "Also the <literal>Order</literal> subgroup can be used to define in which "
4717 "order the acquire system will try to download the compressed files. The "
4718 "acquire system will try the first and proceed with the next compression type "
4719 "in this list on error, so to prefer one over the other type simple add the "
4720 "preferred type at first - not already added default types will be added at "
4721 "run time to the end of the list, so e.g. <placeholder type=\"synopsis\" "
4722 "id=\"0\"/> can be used to prefer <command>gzip</command> compressed files "
4723 "over <command>bzip2</command> and <command>lzma</command>. If "
4724 "<command>lzma</command> should be preferred over <command>gzip</command> and "
4725 "<command>bzip2</command> the configure setting should look like this "
4726 "<placeholder type=\"synopsis\" id=\"1\"/> It is not needed to add "
4727 "<literal>bz2</literal> explicit to the list as it will be added automatic."
4730 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><literallayout>
4731 #: apt.conf.5.xml:330
4733 msgid "Dir::Bin::bzip2 \"/bin/bzip2\";"
4736 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4737 #: apt.conf.5.xml:328
4739 "Note that at run time the "
4740 "<literal>Dir::Bin::<replaceable>Methodname</replaceable></literal> will be "
4741 "checked: If this setting exists the method will only be used if this file "
4742 "exists, e.g. for the bzip2 method (the inbuilt) setting is <placeholder "
4743 "type=\"literallayout\" id=\"0\"/> Note also that list entries specified on "
4744 "the commandline will be added at the end of the list specified in the "
4745 "configuration files, but before the default entries. To prefer a type in "
4746 "this case over the ones specified in in the configuration files you can set "
4747 "the option direct - not in list style. This will not override the defined "
4748 "list, it will only prefix the list with this type."
4751 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4752 #: apt.conf.5.xml:335
4754 "While it is possible to add an empty compression type to the order list, but "
4755 "APT in its current version doesn't understand it correctly and will display "
4756 "many warnings about not downloaded files - these warnings are most of the "
4757 "time false negatives. Future versions will maybe include a way to really "
4758 "prefer uncompressed files to support the usage of local mirrors."
4761 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4762 #: apt.conf.5.xml:174
4764 "The <literal>Acquire</literal> group of options controls the download of "
4765 "packages and the URI handlers. <placeholder type=\"variablelist\" "
4769 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
4770 #: apt.conf.5.xml:344
4774 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4775 #: apt.conf.5.xml:346
4777 "The <literal>Dir::State</literal> section has directories that pertain to "
4778 "local state information. <literal>lists</literal> is the directory to place "
4779 "downloaded package lists in and <literal>status</literal> is the name of the "
4780 "dpkg status file. <literal>preferences</literal> is the name of the APT "
4781 "preferences file. <literal>Dir::State</literal> contains the default "
4782 "directory to prefix on all sub items if they do not start with "
4783 "<filename>/</filename> or <filename>./</filename>."
4786 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4787 #: apt.conf.5.xml:353
4789 "<literal>Dir::Cache</literal> contains locations pertaining to local cache "
4790 "information, such as the two package caches <literal>srcpkgcache</literal> "
4791 "and <literal>pkgcache</literal> as well as the location to place downloaded "
4792 "archives, <literal>Dir::Cache::archives</literal>. Generation of caches can "
4793 "be turned off by setting their names to be blank. This will slow down "
4794 "startup but save disk space. It is probably preferred to turn off the "
4795 "pkgcache rather than the srcpkgcache. Like <literal>Dir::State</literal> the "
4796 "default directory is contained in <literal>Dir::Cache</literal>"
4799 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4800 #: apt.conf.5.xml:362
4802 "<literal>Dir::Etc</literal> contains the location of configuration files, "
4803 "<literal>sourcelist</literal> gives the location of the sourcelist and "
4804 "<literal>main</literal> is the default configuration file (setting has no "
4805 "effect, unless it is done from the config file specified by "
4806 "<envar>APT_CONFIG</envar>)."
4809 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4810 #: apt.conf.5.xml:368
4812 "The <literal>Dir::Parts</literal> setting reads in all the config fragments "
4813 "in lexical order from the directory specified. After this is done then the "
4814 "main config file is loaded."
4817 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4818 #: apt.conf.5.xml:372
4820 "Binary programs are pointed to by "
4821 "<literal>Dir::Bin</literal>. <literal>Dir::Bin::Methods</literal> specifies "
4822 "the location of the method handlers and <literal>gzip</literal>, "
4823 "<literal>bzip2</literal>, <literal>lzma</literal>, <literal>dpkg</literal>, "
4824 "<literal>apt-get</literal> <literal>dpkg-source</literal> "
4825 "<literal>dpkg-buildpackage</literal> and <literal>apt-cache</literal> "
4826 "specify the location of the respective programs."
4829 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4830 #: apt.conf.5.xml:380
4832 "The configuration item <literal>RootDir</literal> has a special meaning. If "
4833 "set, all paths in <literal>Dir::</literal> will be relative to "
4834 "<literal>RootDir</literal>, <emphasis>even paths that are specified "
4835 "absolutely</emphasis>. So, for instance, if <literal>RootDir</literal> is "
4836 "set to <filename>/tmp/staging</filename> and "
4837 "<literal>Dir::State::status</literal> is set to "
4838 "<filename>/var/lib/dpkg/status</filename>, then the status file will be "
4839 "looked up in <filename>/tmp/staging/var/lib/dpkg/status</filename>."
4842 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
4843 #: apt.conf.5.xml:393
4844 msgid "APT in DSelect"
4847 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4848 #: apt.conf.5.xml:395
4850 "When APT is used as a &dselect; method several configuration directives "
4851 "control the default behaviour. These are in the <literal>DSelect</literal> "
4855 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4856 #: apt.conf.5.xml:399
4860 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4861 #: apt.conf.5.xml:400
4863 "Cache Clean mode; this value may be one of always, prompt, auto, pre-auto "
4864 "and never. always and prompt will remove all packages from the cache after "
4865 "upgrading, prompt (the default) does so conditionally. auto removes only "
4866 "those packages which are no longer downloadable (replaced with a new version "
4867 "for instance). pre-auto performs this action before downloading new "
4871 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4872 #: apt.conf.5.xml:409
4874 "The contents of this variable is passed to &apt-get; as command line options "
4875 "when it is run for the install phase."
4878 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4879 #: apt.conf.5.xml:413
4880 msgid "Updateoptions"
4883 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4884 #: apt.conf.5.xml:414
4886 "The contents of this variable is passed to &apt-get; as command line options "
4887 "when it is run for the update phase."
4890 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4891 #: apt.conf.5.xml:418
4892 msgid "PromptAfterUpdate"
4895 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4896 #: apt.conf.5.xml:419
4898 "If true the [U]pdate operation in &dselect; will always prompt to continue. "
4899 "The default is to prompt only on error."
4902 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
4903 #: apt.conf.5.xml:425
4904 msgid "How APT calls dpkg"
4907 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4908 #: apt.conf.5.xml:426
4910 "Several configuration directives control how APT invokes &dpkg;. These are "
4911 "in the <literal>DPkg</literal> section."
4914 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4915 #: apt.conf.5.xml:431
4917 "This is a list of options to pass to dpkg. The options must be specified "
4918 "using the list notation and each list item is passed as a single argument to "
4922 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4923 #: apt.conf.5.xml:436
4927 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4928 #: apt.conf.5.xml:436
4932 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4933 #: apt.conf.5.xml:437
4935 "This is a list of shell commands to run before/after invoking &dpkg;. Like "
4936 "<literal>options</literal> this must be specified in list notation. The "
4937 "commands are invoked in order using <filename>/bin/sh</filename>, should any "
4938 "fail APT will abort."
4941 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4942 #: apt.conf.5.xml:443
4943 msgid "Pre-Install-Pkgs"
4946 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4947 #: apt.conf.5.xml:444
4949 "This is a list of shell commands to run before invoking dpkg. Like "
4950 "<literal>options</literal> this must be specified in list notation. The "
4951 "commands are invoked in order using <filename>/bin/sh</filename>, should any "
4952 "fail APT will abort. APT will pass to the commands on standard input the "
4953 "filenames of all .deb files it is going to install, one per line."
4956 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4957 #: apt.conf.5.xml:450
4959 "Version 2 of this protocol dumps more information, including the protocol "
4960 "version, the APT configuration space and the packages, files and versions "
4961 "being changed. Version 2 is enabled by setting "
4962 "<literal>DPkg::Tools::options::cmd::Version</literal> to "
4963 "2. <literal>cmd</literal> is a command given to "
4964 "<literal>Pre-Install-Pkgs</literal>."
4967 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4968 #: apt.conf.5.xml:457
4969 msgid "Run-Directory"
4972 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4973 #: apt.conf.5.xml:458
4975 "APT chdirs to this directory before invoking dpkg, the default is "
4976 "<filename>/</filename>."
4979 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4980 #: apt.conf.5.xml:462
4981 msgid "Build-options"
4984 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4985 #: apt.conf.5.xml:463
4987 "These options are passed to &dpkg-buildpackage; when compiling packages, the "
4988 "default is to disable signing and produce all binaries."
4991 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
4992 #: apt.conf.5.xml:468
4993 msgid "dpkg trigger usage (and related options)"
4996 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
4997 #: apt.conf.5.xml:469
4999 "APT can call dpkg in a way so it can make aggressive use of triggers over "
5000 "multiply calls of dpkg. Without further options dpkg will use triggers only "
5001 "in between his own run. Activating these options can therefore decrease the "
5002 "time needed to perform the install / upgrade. Note that it is intended to "
5003 "activate these options per default in the future, but as it changes the way "
5004 "APT calling dpkg drastical it needs a lot more testing. <emphasis>These "
5005 "options are therefore currently experimental and should not be used in "
5006 "productive environments.</emphasis> Also it breaks the progress reporting so "
5007 "all frontends will currently stay around half (or more) of the time in the "
5008 "100% state while it actually configures all packages."
5011 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><literallayout>
5012 #: apt.conf.5.xml:484
5015 "DPkg::NoTriggers \"true\";\n"
5016 "PackageManager::Configure \"smart\";\n"
5017 "DPkg::ConfigurePending \"true\";\n"
5018 "DPkg::TriggersPending \"true\";"
5021 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5022 #: apt.conf.5.xml:478
5024 "Note that it is not garanteed that APT will support these options or that "
5025 "these options will not cause (big) trouble in the future. If you have "
5026 "understand the current risks and problems with these options, but are brave "
5027 "enough to help testing them create a new configuration file and test a "
5028 "combination of options. Please report any bugs, problems and improvements "
5029 "you encounter and make sure to note which options you have used in your "
5030 "reports. Asking dpkg for help could also be useful for debugging proposes, "
5031 "see e.g. <command>dpkg --audit</command>. A defensive option combination "
5032 "would be <placeholder type=\"literallayout\" id=\"0\"/>"
5035 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5036 #: apt.conf.5.xml:490
5037 msgid "DPkg::NoTriggers"
5040 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5041 #: apt.conf.5.xml:491
5043 "Add the no triggers flag to all dpkg calls (expect the ConfigurePending "
5044 "call). See &dpkg; if you are interested in what this actually means. In "
5045 "short: dpkg will not run the triggers then this flag is present unless it is "
5046 "explicit called to do so in an extra call. Note that this option exists "
5047 "(undocumented) also in older apt versions with a slightly different meaning: "
5048 "Previously these option only append --no-triggers to the configure calls to "
5049 "dpkg - now apt will add these flag also to the unpack and remove calls."
5052 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5053 #: apt.conf.5.xml:498
5054 msgid "PackageManager::Configure"
5057 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5058 #: apt.conf.5.xml:499
5060 "Valid values are \"<literal>all</literal>\", \"<literal>smart</literal>\" "
5061 "and \"<literal>no</literal>\". \"<literal>all</literal>\" is the default "
5062 "value and causes APT to configure all packages explicit. The "
5063 "\"<literal>smart</literal>\" way is it to configure only packages which need "
5064 "to be configured before another package can be unpacked (Pre-Depends) and "
5065 "let the rest configure by dpkg with a call generated by the next "
5066 "option. \"<literal>no</literal>\" on the other hand will not configure "
5067 "anything and totally relay on dpkg for configuration (which will at the "
5068 "moment fail if a Pre-Depends is encountered). Setting this option to "
5069 "another than the all value will implicit activate also the next option per "
5070 "default as otherwise the system could end in an unconfigured status which "
5071 "could be unbootable!"
5074 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5075 #: apt.conf.5.xml:509
5076 msgid "DPkg::ConfigurePending"
5079 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5080 #: apt.conf.5.xml:510
5082 "If this option is set apt will call <command>dpkg --configure "
5083 "--pending</command> to let dpkg handle all required configurations and "
5084 "triggers. This option is activated automatic per default if the previous "
5085 "option is not set to <literal>all</literal>, but deactivating could be "
5086 "useful if you want to run APT multiple times in a row - e.g. in an "
5087 "installer. In this sceneries you could deactivate this option in all but the "
5091 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5092 #: apt.conf.5.xml:516
5093 msgid "DPkg::TriggersPending"
5096 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5097 #: apt.conf.5.xml:517
5099 "Useful for <literal>smart</literal> configuration as a package which has "
5100 "pending triggers is not considered as \"<literal>installed</literal>\" and "
5101 "dpkg treats them as \"<literal>unpacked</literal>\" currently which is a "
5102 "dealbreaker for Pre-Dependencies (see also debbugs #526774). Note that this "
5103 "will process all triggers, not only the triggers needed to configure this "
5107 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5108 #: apt.conf.5.xml:522
5109 msgid "PackageManager::UnpackAll"
5112 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5113 #: apt.conf.5.xml:523
5115 "As the configuration can be deferred to be done at the end by dpkg it can be "
5116 "tried to order the unpack series only by critical needs, e.g. by "
5117 "Pre-Depends. Default is true and therefore the \"old\" method of ordering in "
5118 "verious steps by everything. While both method were present in earlier APT "
5119 "versions the <literal>OrderCritical</literal> method was unused, so this "
5120 "method is very experimental and needs further improvements before becoming "
5124 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5125 #: apt.conf.5.xml:530
5126 msgid "OrderList::Score::Immediate"
5129 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><literallayout>
5130 #: apt.conf.5.xml:538
5133 "OrderList::Score {\n"
5135 "\tEssential 200;\n"
5137 "\tPreDepends 50;\n"
5141 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5142 #: apt.conf.5.xml:531
5144 "Essential packages (and there dependencies) should be configured immediately "
5145 "after unpacking. It will be a good idea to do this quite early in the "
5146 "upgrade process as these these configure calls require currently also "
5147 "<literal>DPkg::TriggersPending</literal> which will run quite a few triggers "
5148 "(which maybe not needed). Essentials get per default a high score but the "
5149 "immediate flag is relativly low (a package which has a Pre-Depends is higher "
5150 "rated). These option and the others in the same group can be used to change "
5151 "the scoring. The following example shows the settings with there default "
5152 "values. <placeholder type=\"literallayout\" id=\"0\"/>"
5155 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
5156 #: apt.conf.5.xml:551
5157 msgid "Periodic and Archives options"
5160 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
5161 #: apt.conf.5.xml:552
5163 "<literal>APT::Periodic</literal> and <literal>APT::Archives</literal> groups "
5164 "of options configure behavior of apt periodic updates, which is done by "
5165 "<literal>/etc/cron.daily/apt</literal> script. See header of this script for "
5166 "the brief documentation of these options."
5169 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
5170 #: apt.conf.5.xml:560
5171 msgid "Debug options"
5174 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
5175 #: apt.conf.5.xml:562
5177 "Enabling options in the <literal>Debug::</literal> section will cause "
5178 "debugging information to be sent to the standard error stream of the program "
5179 "utilizing the <literal>apt</literal> libraries, or enable special program "
5180 "modes that are primarily useful for debugging the behavior of "
5181 "<literal>apt</literal>. Most of these options are not interesting to a "
5182 "normal user, but a few may be:"
5185 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
5186 #: apt.conf.5.xml:573
5188 "<literal>Debug::pkgProblemResolver</literal> enables output about the "
5189 "decisions made by <literal>dist-upgrade, upgrade, install, remove, "
5193 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
5194 #: apt.conf.5.xml:581
5196 "<literal>Debug::NoLocking</literal> disables all file locking. This can be "
5197 "used to run some operations (for instance, <literal>apt-get -s "
5198 "install</literal>) as a non-root user."
5201 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
5202 #: apt.conf.5.xml:590
5204 "<literal>Debug::pkgDPkgPM</literal> prints out the actual command line each "
5205 "time that <literal>apt</literal> invokes &dpkg;."
5209 #. motivating example, except I haven't a clue why you'd want
5211 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
5212 #: apt.conf.5.xml:598
5214 "<literal>Debug::IdentCdrom</literal> disables the inclusion of statfs data "
5218 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
5219 #: apt.conf.5.xml:608
5220 msgid "A full list of debugging options to apt follows."
5223 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5224 #: apt.conf.5.xml:613
5225 msgid "<literal>Debug::Acquire::cdrom</literal>"
5228 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5229 #: apt.conf.5.xml:617
5230 msgid "Print information related to accessing <literal>cdrom://</literal> sources."
5233 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5234 #: apt.conf.5.xml:624
5235 msgid "<literal>Debug::Acquire::ftp</literal>"
5238 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5239 #: apt.conf.5.xml:628
5240 msgid "Print information related to downloading packages using FTP."
5243 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5244 #: apt.conf.5.xml:635
5245 msgid "<literal>Debug::Acquire::http</literal>"
5248 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5249 #: apt.conf.5.xml:639
5250 msgid "Print information related to downloading packages using HTTP."
5253 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5254 #: apt.conf.5.xml:646
5255 msgid "<literal>Debug::Acquire::https</literal>"
5258 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5259 #: apt.conf.5.xml:650
5260 msgid "Print information related to downloading packages using HTTPS."
5263 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5264 #: apt.conf.5.xml:657
5265 msgid "<literal>Debug::Acquire::gpgv</literal>"
5268 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5269 #: apt.conf.5.xml:661
5271 "Print information related to verifying cryptographic signatures using "
5272 "<literal>gpg</literal>."
5275 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5276 #: apt.conf.5.xml:668
5277 msgid "<literal>Debug::aptcdrom</literal>"
5280 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5281 #: apt.conf.5.xml:672
5283 "Output information about the process of accessing collections of packages "
5284 "stored on CD-ROMs."
5287 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5288 #: apt.conf.5.xml:679
5289 msgid "<literal>Debug::BuildDeps</literal>"
5292 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5293 #: apt.conf.5.xml:682
5294 msgid "Describes the process of resolving build-dependencies in &apt-get;."
5297 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5298 #: apt.conf.5.xml:689
5299 msgid "<literal>Debug::Hashes</literal>"
5302 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5303 #: apt.conf.5.xml:692
5305 "Output each cryptographic hash that is generated by the "
5306 "<literal>apt</literal> libraries."
5309 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5310 #: apt.conf.5.xml:699
5311 msgid "<literal>Debug::IdentCDROM</literal>"
5314 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5315 #: apt.conf.5.xml:702
5317 "Do not include information from <literal>statfs</literal>, namely the number "
5318 "of used and free blocks on the CD-ROM filesystem, when generating an ID for "
5322 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5323 #: apt.conf.5.xml:710
5324 msgid "<literal>Debug::NoLocking</literal>"
5327 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5328 #: apt.conf.5.xml:713
5330 "Disable all file locking. For instance, this will allow two instances of "
5331 "<quote><literal>apt-get update</literal></quote> to run at the same time."
5334 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5335 #: apt.conf.5.xml:721
5336 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgAcquire</literal>"
5339 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5340 #: apt.conf.5.xml:725
5341 msgid "Log when items are added to or removed from the global download queue."
5344 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5345 #: apt.conf.5.xml:732
5346 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgAcquire::Auth</literal>"
5349 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5350 #: apt.conf.5.xml:735
5352 "Output status messages and errors related to verifying checksums and "
5353 "cryptographic signatures of downloaded files."
5356 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5357 #: apt.conf.5.xml:742
5358 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgAcquire::Diffs</literal>"
5361 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5362 #: apt.conf.5.xml:745
5364 "Output information about downloading and applying package index list diffs, "
5365 "and errors relating to package index list diffs."
5368 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5369 #: apt.conf.5.xml:753
5370 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgAcquire::RRed</literal>"
5373 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5374 #: apt.conf.5.xml:757
5376 "Output information related to patching apt package lists when downloading "
5377 "index diffs instead of full indices."
5380 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5381 #: apt.conf.5.xml:764
5382 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgAcquire::Worker</literal>"
5385 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5386 #: apt.conf.5.xml:768
5387 msgid "Log all interactions with the sub-processes that actually perform downloads."
5390 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5391 #: apt.conf.5.xml:775
5392 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgAutoRemove</literal>"
5395 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5396 #: apt.conf.5.xml:779
5398 "Log events related to the automatically-installed status of packages and to "
5399 "the removal of unused packages."
5402 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5403 #: apt.conf.5.xml:786
5404 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgDepCache::AutoInstall</literal>"
5407 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5408 #: apt.conf.5.xml:789
5410 "Generate debug messages describing which packages are being automatically "
5411 "installed to resolve dependencies. This corresponds to the initial "
5412 "auto-install pass performed in, e.g., <literal>apt-get install</literal>, "
5413 "and not to the full <literal>apt</literal> dependency resolver; see "
5414 "<literal>Debug::pkgProblemResolver</literal> for that."
5417 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5418 #: apt.conf.5.xml:800
5419 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgDepCache::Marker</literal>"
5422 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5423 #: apt.conf.5.xml:803
5425 "Generate debug messages describing which package is marked as "
5426 "keep/install/remove while the ProblemResolver does his work. Each addition "
5427 "or deletion may trigger additional actions; they are shown indented two "
5428 "additional space under the original entry. The format for each line is "
5429 "<literal>MarkKeep</literal>, <literal>MarkDelete</literal> or "
5430 "<literal>MarkInstall</literal> followed by <literal>package-name <a.b.c "
5431 "-> d.e.f | x.y.z> (section)</literal> where <literal>a.b.c</literal> "
5432 "is the current version of the package, <literal>d.e.f</literal> is the "
5433 "version considered for installation and <literal>x.y.z</literal> is a newer "
5434 "version, but not considered for installation (because of a low pin "
5435 "score). The later two can be omitted if there is none or if it is the same "
5436 "version as the installed. <literal>section</literal> is the name of the "
5437 "section the package appears in."
5440 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5441 #: apt.conf.5.xml:822
5442 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgInitConfig</literal>"
5445 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5446 #: apt.conf.5.xml:825
5447 msgid "Dump the default configuration to standard error on startup."
5450 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5451 #: apt.conf.5.xml:832
5452 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgDPkgPM</literal>"
5455 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5456 #: apt.conf.5.xml:835
5458 "When invoking &dpkg;, output the precise command line with which it is being "
5459 "invoked, with arguments separated by a single space character."
5462 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5463 #: apt.conf.5.xml:843
5464 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgDPkgProgressReporting</literal>"
5467 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5468 #: apt.conf.5.xml:846
5470 "Output all the data received from &dpkg; on the status file descriptor and "
5471 "any errors encountered while parsing it."
5474 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5475 #: apt.conf.5.xml:853
5476 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgOrderList</literal>"
5479 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5480 #: apt.conf.5.xml:857
5482 "Generate a trace of the algorithm that decides the order in which "
5483 "<literal>apt</literal> should pass packages to &dpkg;."
5486 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5487 #: apt.conf.5.xml:865
5488 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgPackageManager</literal>"
5491 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5492 #: apt.conf.5.xml:869
5493 msgid "Output status messages tracing the steps performed when invoking &dpkg;."
5496 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5497 #: apt.conf.5.xml:876
5498 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgPolicy</literal>"
5501 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5502 #: apt.conf.5.xml:880
5503 msgid "Output the priority of each package list on startup."
5506 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5507 #: apt.conf.5.xml:886
5508 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgProblemResolver</literal>"
5511 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5512 #: apt.conf.5.xml:890
5514 "Trace the execution of the dependency resolver (this applies only to what "
5515 "happens when a complex dependency problem is encountered)."
5518 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5519 #: apt.conf.5.xml:898
5520 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgProblemResolver::ShowScores</literal>"
5523 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5524 #: apt.conf.5.xml:901
5526 "Display a list of all installed packages with their calculated score used by "
5527 "the pkgProblemResolver. The description of the package is the same as "
5528 "described in <literal>Debug::pkgDepCache::Marker</literal>"
5531 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5532 #: apt.conf.5.xml:909
5533 msgid "<literal>Debug::sourceList</literal>"
5536 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5537 #: apt.conf.5.xml:913
5539 "Print information about the vendors read from "
5540 "<filename>/etc/apt/vendors.list</filename>."
5543 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
5544 #: apt.conf.5.xml:935
5546 "&configureindex; is a configuration file showing example values for all "
5550 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist>
5551 #: apt.conf.5.xml:942
5552 msgid "&file-aptconf;"
5555 #. ? reading apt.conf
5556 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
5557 #: apt.conf.5.xml:947
5558 msgid "&apt-cache;, &apt-config;, &apt-preferences;."
5561 #. The last update date
5562 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refentryinfo>
5563 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:13
5564 msgid "&apt-author.team; &apt-email; &apt-product; <date>04 May 2009</date>"
5567 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
5568 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:21 apt_preferences.5.xml:28
5569 msgid "apt_preferences"
5572 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
5573 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:29
5574 msgid "Preference control file for APT"
5577 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
5578 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:34
5580 "The APT preferences file <filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename> and the "
5581 "fragment files in the <filename>/etc/apt/preferences.d/</filename> folder "
5582 "can be used to control which versions of packages will be selected for "
5586 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
5587 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:39
5589 "Several versions of a package may be available for installation when the "
5590 "&sources-list; file contains references to more than one distribution (for "
5591 "example, <literal>stable</literal> and <literal>testing</literal>). APT "
5592 "assigns a priority to each version that is available. Subject to dependency "
5593 "constraints, <command>apt-get</command> selects the version with the highest "
5594 "priority for installation. The APT preferences file overrides the "
5595 "priorities that APT assigns to package versions by default, thus giving the "
5596 "user control over which one is selected for installation."
5599 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
5600 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:49
5602 "Several instances of the same version of a package may be available when the "
5603 "&sources-list; file contains references to more than one source. In this "
5604 "case <command>apt-get</command> downloads the instance listed earliest in "
5605 "the &sources-list; file. The APT preferences file does not affect the "
5606 "choice of instance, only the choice of version."
5609 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
5610 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:56
5611 msgid "APT's Default Priority Assignments"
5614 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting>
5615 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:71
5618 "<command>apt-get install -t testing "
5619 "<replaceable>some-package</replaceable></command>\n"
5622 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting>
5623 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:74
5625 msgid "APT::Default-Release \"stable\";\n"
5628 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5629 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:58
5631 "If there is no preferences file or if there is no entry in the file that "
5632 "applies to a particular version then the priority assigned to that version "
5633 "is the priority of the distribution to which that version belongs. It is "
5634 "possible to single out a distribution, \"the target release\", which "
5635 "receives a higher priority than other distributions do by default. The "
5636 "target release can be set on the <command>apt-get</command> command line or "
5637 "in the APT configuration file <filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf</filename>. Note "
5638 "that this has precedence over any general priority you set in the "
5639 "<filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename> file described later, but not over "
5640 "specifically pinned packages. For example, <placeholder "
5641 "type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/> <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" "
5645 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5646 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:83
5647 msgid "priority 100"
5650 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
5651 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:84
5652 msgid "to the version that is already installed (if any)."
5655 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5656 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:88
5657 msgid "priority 500"
5660 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
5661 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:89
5663 "to the versions that are not installed and do not belong to the target "
5667 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5668 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:93
5669 msgid "priority 990"
5672 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
5673 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:94
5674 msgid "to the versions that are not installed and belong to the target release."
5677 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5678 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:78
5680 "If the target release has been specified then APT uses the following "
5681 "algorithm to set the priorities of the versions of a package. Assign: "
5682 "<placeholder type=\"variablelist\" id=\"0\"/>"
5685 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5686 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:99
5688 "If the target release has not been specified then APT simply assigns "
5689 "priority 100 to all installed package versions and priority 500 to all "
5690 "uninstalled package versions."
5693 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5694 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:103
5696 "APT then applies the following rules, listed in order of precedence, to "
5697 "determine which version of a package to install."
5700 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
5701 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:106
5703 "Never downgrade unless the priority of an available version exceeds 1000. "
5704 "(\"Downgrading\" is installing a less recent version of a package in place "
5705 "of a more recent version. Note that none of APT's default priorities "
5706 "exceeds 1000; such high priorities can only be set in the preferences file. "
5707 "Note also that downgrading a package can be risky.)"
5710 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
5711 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:112
5712 msgid "Install the highest priority version."
5715 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
5716 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:113
5718 "If two or more versions have the same priority, install the most recent one "
5719 "(that is, the one with the higher version number)."
5722 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
5723 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:116
5725 "If two or more versions have the same priority and version number but either "
5726 "the packages differ in some of their metadata or the "
5727 "<literal>--reinstall</literal> option is given, install the uninstalled one."
5730 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5731 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:122
5733 "In a typical situation, the installed version of a package (priority 100) "
5734 "is not as recent as one of the versions available from the sources listed in "
5735 "the &sources-list; file (priority 500 or 990). Then the package will be "
5736 "upgraded when <command>apt-get install "
5737 "<replaceable>some-package</replaceable></command> or <command>apt-get "
5738 "upgrade</command> is executed."
5741 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5742 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:129
5744 "More rarely, the installed version of a package is <emphasis>more</emphasis> "
5745 "recent than any of the other available versions. The package will not be "
5746 "downgraded when <command>apt-get install "
5747 "<replaceable>some-package</replaceable></command> or <command>apt-get "
5748 "upgrade</command> is executed."
5751 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5752 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:134
5754 "Sometimes the installed version of a package is more recent than the version "
5755 "belonging to the target release, but not as recent as a version belonging to "
5756 "some other distribution. Such a package will indeed be upgraded when "
5757 "<command>apt-get install <replaceable>some-package</replaceable></command> "
5758 "or <command>apt-get upgrade</command> is executed, because at least "
5759 "<emphasis>one</emphasis> of the available versions has a higher priority "
5760 "than the installed version."
5763 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
5764 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:143
5765 msgid "The Effect of APT Preferences"
5768 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5769 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:145
5771 "The APT preferences file allows the system administrator to control the "
5772 "assignment of priorities. The file consists of one or more multi-line "
5773 "records separated by blank lines. Records can have one of two forms, a "
5774 "specific form and a general form."
5777 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
5778 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:151
5780 "The specific form assigns a priority (a \"Pin-Priority\") to one or more "
5781 "specified packages and specified version or version range. For example, the "
5782 "following record assigns a high priority to all versions of the "
5783 "<filename>perl</filename> package whose version number begins with "
5784 "\"<literal>5.8</literal>\". Multiple packages can be separated by spaces."
5787 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><programlisting>
5788 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:158
5792 "Pin: version 5.8*\n"
5793 "Pin-Priority: 1001\n"
5796 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
5797 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:164
5799 "The general form assigns a priority to all of the package versions in a "
5800 "given distribution (that is, to all the versions of packages that are listed "
5801 "in a certain <filename>Release</filename> file) or to all of the package "
5802 "versions coming from a particular Internet site, as identified by the site's "
5803 "fully qualified domain name."
5806 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
5807 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:170
5809 "This general-form entry in the APT preferences file applies only to groups "
5810 "of packages. For example, the following record assigns a high priority to "
5811 "all package versions available from the local site."
5814 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><programlisting>
5815 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:175
5819 "Pin: origin \"\"\n"
5820 "Pin-Priority: 999\n"
5823 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
5824 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:180
5826 "A note of caution: the keyword used here is \"<literal>origin</literal>\". "
5827 "This should not be confused with the Origin of a distribution as specified "
5828 "in a <filename>Release</filename> file. What follows the \"Origin:\" tag in "
5829 "a <filename>Release</filename> file is not an Internet address but an author "
5830 "or vendor name, such as \"Debian\" or \"Ximian\"."
5833 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
5834 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:186
5836 "The following record assigns a low priority to all package versions "
5837 "belonging to any distribution whose Archive name is "
5838 "\"<literal>unstable</literal>\"."
5841 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><programlisting>
5842 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:190
5846 "Pin: release a=unstable\n"
5847 "Pin-Priority: 50\n"
5850 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
5851 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:195
5853 "The following record assigns a high priority to all package versions "
5854 "belonging to any distribution whose Codename is "
5855 "\"<literal>squeeze</literal>\"."
5858 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><programlisting>
5859 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:199
5863 "Pin: release n=squeeze\n"
5864 "Pin-Priority: 900\n"
5867 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
5868 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:204
5870 "The following record assigns a high priority to all package versions "
5871 "belonging to any release whose Archive name is \"<literal>stable</literal>\" "
5872 "and whose release Version number is \"<literal>3.0</literal>\"."
5875 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><programlisting>
5876 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:209
5880 "Pin: release a=stable, v=3.0\n"
5881 "Pin-Priority: 500\n"
5884 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
5885 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:220
5886 msgid "How APT Interprets Priorities"
5889 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5890 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:228
5894 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
5895 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:229
5897 "causes a version to be installed even if this constitutes a downgrade of the "
5901 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5902 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:233
5903 msgid "990 < P <=1000"
5906 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
5907 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:234
5909 "causes a version to be installed even if it does not come from the target "
5910 "release, unless the installed version is more recent"
5913 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5914 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:239
5915 msgid "500 < P <=990"
5918 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
5919 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:240
5921 "causes a version to be installed unless there is a version available "
5922 "belonging to the target release or the installed version is more recent"
5925 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5926 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:245
5927 msgid "100 < P <=500"
5930 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
5931 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:246
5933 "causes a version to be installed unless there is a version available "
5934 "belonging to some other distribution or the installed version is more recent"
5937 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5938 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:251
5939 msgid "0 < P <=100"
5942 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
5943 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:252
5945 "causes a version to be installed only if there is no installed version of "
5949 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5950 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:256
5954 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
5955 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:257
5956 msgid "prevents the version from being installed"
5959 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5960 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:223
5962 "Priorities (P) assigned in the APT preferences file must be positive or "
5963 "negative integers. They are interpreted as follows (roughly speaking): "
5964 "<placeholder type=\"variablelist\" id=\"0\"/>"
5967 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5968 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:262
5970 "If any specific-form records match an available package version then the "
5971 "first such record determines the priority of the package version. Failing "
5972 "that, if any general-form records match an available package version then "
5973 "the first such record determines the priority of the package version."
5976 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5977 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:268
5979 "For example, suppose the APT preferences file contains the three records "
5980 "presented earlier:"
5983 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><programlisting>
5984 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:272
5988 "Pin: version 5.8*\n"
5989 "Pin-Priority: 1001\n"
5992 "Pin: origin \"\"\n"
5993 "Pin-Priority: 999\n"
5996 "Pin: release unstable\n"
5997 "Pin-Priority: 50\n"
6000 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6001 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:285
6005 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
6006 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:287
6008 "The most recent available version of the <literal>perl</literal> package "
6009 "will be installed, so long as that version's version number begins with "
6010 "\"<literal>5.8</literal>\". If <emphasis>any</emphasis> 5.8* version of "
6011 "<literal>perl</literal> is available and the installed version is 5.9*, then "
6012 "<literal>perl</literal> will be downgraded."
6015 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
6016 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:292
6018 "A version of any package other than <literal>perl</literal> that is "
6019 "available from the local system has priority over other versions, even "
6020 "versions belonging to the target release."
6023 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
6024 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:296
6026 "A version of a package whose origin is not the local system but some other "
6027 "site listed in &sources-list; and which belongs to an "
6028 "<literal>unstable</literal> distribution is only installed if it is selected "
6029 "for installation and no version of the package is already installed."
6032 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
6033 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:306
6034 msgid "Determination of Package Version and Distribution Properties"
6037 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6038 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:308
6040 "The locations listed in the &sources-list; file should provide "
6041 "<filename>Packages</filename> and <filename>Release</filename> files to "
6042 "describe the packages available at that location."
6045 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
6046 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:320
6047 msgid "the <literal>Package:</literal> line"
6050 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
6051 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:321
6052 msgid "gives the package name"
6055 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
6056 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:324 apt_preferences.5.xml:374
6057 msgid "the <literal>Version:</literal> line"
6060 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
6061 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:325
6062 msgid "gives the version number for the named package"
6065 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6066 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:312
6068 "The <filename>Packages</filename> file is normally found in the directory "
6069 "<filename>.../dists/<replaceable>dist-name</replaceable>/<replaceable>component</replaceable>/<replaceable>arch</replaceable></filename>: "
6071 "<filename>.../dists/stable/main/binary-i386/Packages</filename>. It "
6072 "consists of a series of multi-line records, one for each package available "
6073 "in that directory. Only two lines in each record are relevant for setting "
6074 "APT priorities: <placeholder type=\"variablelist\" id=\"0\"/>"
6077 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
6078 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:341
6079 msgid "the <literal>Archive:</literal> or <literal>Suite:</literal> line"
6082 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
6083 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:342
6085 "names the archive to which all the packages in the directory tree belong. "
6086 "For example, the line \"Archive: stable\" or \"Suite: stable\" specifies "
6087 "that all of the packages in the directory tree below the parent of the "
6088 "<filename>Release</filename> file are in a <literal>stable</literal> "
6089 "archive. Specifying this value in the APT preferences file would require "
6093 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><programlisting>
6094 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:352
6096 msgid "Pin: release a=stable\n"
6099 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
6100 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:358
6101 msgid "the <literal>Codename:</literal> line"
6104 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
6105 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:359
6107 "names the codename to which all the packages in the directory tree belong. "
6108 "For example, the line \"Codename: squeeze\" specifies that all of the "
6109 "packages in the directory tree below the parent of the "
6110 "<filename>Release</filename> file belong to a version named "
6111 "<literal>squeeze</literal>. Specifying this value in the APT preferences "
6112 "file would require the line:"
6115 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><programlisting>
6116 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:368
6118 msgid "Pin: release n=squeeze\n"
6121 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
6122 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:375
6124 "names the release version. For example, the packages in the tree might "
6125 "belong to Debian GNU/Linux release version 3.0. Note that there is normally "
6126 "no version number for the <literal>testing</literal> and "
6127 "<literal>unstable</literal> distributions because they have not been "
6128 "released yet. Specifying this in the APT preferences file would require one "
6129 "of the following lines."
6132 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><programlisting>
6133 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:384
6136 "Pin: release v=3.0\n"
6137 "Pin: release a=stable, v=3.0\n"
6138 "Pin: release 3.0\n"
6141 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
6142 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:393
6143 msgid "the <literal>Component:</literal> line"
6146 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
6147 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:394
6149 "names the licensing component associated with the packages in the directory "
6150 "tree of the <filename>Release</filename> file. For example, the line "
6151 "\"Component: main\" specifies that all the packages in the directory tree "
6152 "are from the <literal>main</literal> component, which entails that they are "
6153 "licensed under terms listed in the Debian Free Software Guidelines. "
6154 "Specifying this component in the APT preferences file would require the "
6158 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><programlisting>
6159 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:403
6161 msgid "Pin: release c=main\n"
6164 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
6165 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:409
6166 msgid "the <literal>Origin:</literal> line"
6169 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
6170 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:410
6172 "names the originator of the packages in the directory tree of the "
6173 "<filename>Release</filename> file. Most commonly, this is "
6174 "<literal>Debian</literal>. Specifying this origin in the APT preferences "
6175 "file would require the line:"
6178 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><programlisting>
6179 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:416
6181 msgid "Pin: release o=Debian\n"
6184 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
6185 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:422
6186 msgid "the <literal>Label:</literal> line"
6189 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
6190 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:423
6192 "names the label of the packages in the directory tree of the "
6193 "<filename>Release</filename> file. Most commonly, this is "
6194 "<literal>Debian</literal>. Specifying this label in the APT preferences "
6195 "file would require the line:"
6198 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><programlisting>
6199 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:429
6201 msgid "Pin: release l=Debian\n"
6204 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6205 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:330
6207 "The <filename>Release</filename> file is normally found in the directory "
6208 "<filename>.../dists/<replaceable>dist-name</replaceable></filename>: for "
6209 "example, <filename>.../dists/stable/Release</filename>, or "
6210 "<filename>.../dists/woody/Release</filename>. It consists of a single "
6211 "multi-line record which applies to <emphasis>all</emphasis> of the packages "
6212 "in the directory tree below its parent. Unlike the "
6213 "<filename>Packages</filename> file, nearly all of the lines in a "
6214 "<filename>Release</filename> file are relevant for setting APT priorities: "
6215 "<placeholder type=\"variablelist\" id=\"0\"/>"
6218 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6219 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:436
6221 "All of the <filename>Packages</filename> and <filename>Release</filename> "
6222 "files retrieved from locations listed in the &sources-list; file are stored "
6223 "in the directory <filename>/var/lib/apt/lists</filename>, or in the file "
6224 "named by the variable <literal>Dir::State::Lists</literal> in the "
6225 "<filename>apt.conf</filename> file. For example, the file "
6226 "<filename>debian.lcs.mit.edu_debian_dists_unstable_contrib_binary-i386_Release</filename> "
6227 "contains the <filename>Release</filename> file retrieved from the site "
6228 "<literal>debian.lcs.mit.edu</literal> for <literal>binary-i386</literal> "
6229 "architecture files from the <literal>contrib</literal> component of the "
6230 "<literal>unstable</literal> distribution."
6233 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
6234 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:449
6235 msgid "Optional Lines in an APT Preferences Record"
6238 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6239 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:451
6241 "Each record in the APT preferences file can optionally begin with one or "
6242 "more lines beginning with the word <literal>Explanation:</literal>. This "
6243 "provides a place for comments."
6246 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6247 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:455
6249 "The <literal>Pin-Priority:</literal> line in each APT preferences record is "
6250 "optional. If omitted, APT assigns a priority of 1 less than the last value "
6251 "specified on a line beginning with <literal>Pin-Priority: release "
6255 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
6256 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:464
6257 msgid "Tracking Stable"
6260 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting>
6261 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:472
6264 "Explanation: Uninstall or do not install any Debian-originated\n"
6265 "Explanation: package versions other than those in the stable distro\n"
6267 "Pin: release a=stable\n"
6268 "Pin-Priority: 900\n"
6271 "Pin: release o=Debian\n"
6272 "Pin-Priority: -10\n"
6275 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6276 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:466
6278 "The following APT preferences file will cause APT to assign a priority "
6279 "higher than the default (500) to all package versions belonging to a "
6280 "<literal>stable</literal> distribution and a prohibitively low priority to "
6281 "package versions belonging to other <literal>Debian</literal> "
6282 "distributions. <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>"
6285 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting>
6286 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:489 apt_preferences.5.xml:535 apt_preferences.5.xml:593
6289 "apt-get install <replaceable>package-name</replaceable>\n"
6291 "apt-get dist-upgrade\n"
6294 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6295 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:484
6297 "With a suitable &sources-list; file and the above preferences file, any of "
6298 "the following commands will cause APT to upgrade to the latest "
6299 "<literal>stable</literal> version(s). <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" "
6303 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting>
6304 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:501
6306 msgid "apt-get install <replaceable>package</replaceable>/testing\n"
6309 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6310 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:495
6312 "The following command will cause APT to upgrade the specified package to the "
6313 "latest version from the <literal>testing</literal> distribution; the package "
6314 "will not be upgraded again unless this command is given again. <placeholder "
6315 "type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>"
6318 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
6319 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:507
6320 msgid "Tracking Testing or Unstable"
6323 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting>
6324 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:516
6328 "Pin: release a=testing\n"
6329 "Pin-Priority: 900\n"
6332 "Pin: release a=unstable\n"
6333 "Pin-Priority: 800\n"
6336 "Pin: release o=Debian\n"
6337 "Pin-Priority: -10\n"
6340 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6341 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:509
6343 "The following APT preferences file will cause APT to assign a high priority "
6344 "to package versions from the <literal>testing</literal> distribution, a "
6345 "lower priority to package versions from the <literal>unstable</literal> "
6346 "distribution, and a prohibitively low priority to package versions from "
6347 "other <literal>Debian</literal> distributions. <placeholder "
6348 "type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>"
6351 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6352 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:530
6354 "With a suitable &sources-list; file and the above preferences file, any of "
6355 "the following commands will cause APT to upgrade to the latest "
6356 "<literal>testing</literal> version(s). <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" "
6360 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting>
6361 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:550
6363 msgid "apt-get install <replaceable>package</replaceable>/unstable\n"
6366 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6367 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:541
6369 "The following command will cause APT to upgrade the specified package to the "
6370 "latest version from the <literal>unstable</literal> distribution. "
6371 "Thereafter, <command>apt-get upgrade</command> will upgrade the package to "
6372 "the most recent <literal>testing</literal> version if that is more recent "
6373 "than the installed version, otherwise, to the most recent "
6374 "<literal>unstable</literal> version if that is more recent than the "
6375 "installed version. <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>"
6378 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
6379 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:557
6380 msgid "Tracking the evolution of a codename release"
6383 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting>
6384 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:571
6387 "Explanation: Uninstall or do not install any Debian-originated package "
6389 "Explanation: other than those in the distribution codenamed with squeeze or "
6392 "Pin: release n=squeeze\n"
6393 "Pin-Priority: 900\n"
6395 "Explanation: Debian unstable is always codenamed with sid\n"
6397 "Pin: release a=sid\n"
6398 "Pin-Priority: 800\n"
6401 "Pin: release o=Debian\n"
6402 "Pin-Priority: -10\n"
6405 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6406 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:559
6408 "The following APT preferences file will cause APT to assign a priority "
6409 "higher than the default (500) to all package versions belonging to a "
6410 "specified codename of a distribution and a prohibitively low priority to "
6411 "package versions belonging to other <literal>Debian</literal> distributions, "
6412 "codenames and archives. Note that with this APT preference APT will follow "
6413 "the migration of a release from the archive <literal>testing</literal> to "
6414 "<literal>stable</literal> and later <literal>oldstable</literal>. If you "
6415 "want to follow for example the progress in <literal>testing</literal> "
6416 "notwithstanding the codename changes you should use the example "
6417 "configurations above. <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>"
6420 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6421 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:588
6423 "With a suitable &sources-list; file and the above preferences file, any of "
6424 "the following commands will cause APT to upgrade to the latest version(s) in "
6425 "the release codenamed with <literal>squeeze</literal>. <placeholder "
6426 "type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>"
6429 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting>
6430 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:608
6432 msgid "apt-get install <replaceable>package</replaceable>/sid\n"
6435 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6436 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:599
6438 "The following command will cause APT to upgrade the specified package to the "
6439 "latest version from the <literal>sid</literal> distribution. Thereafter, "
6440 "<command>apt-get upgrade</command> will upgrade the package to the most "
6441 "recent <literal>squeeze</literal> version if that is more recent than the "
6442 "installed version, otherwise, to the most recent <literal>sid</literal> "
6443 "version if that is more recent than the installed version. <placeholder "
6444 "type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>"
6447 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist>
6448 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:617
6449 msgid "&file-preferences;"
6452 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6453 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:623
6454 msgid "&apt-get; &apt-cache; &apt-conf; &sources-list;"
6457 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
6458 #: sources.list.5.xml:22 sources.list.5.xml:29
6459 msgid "sources.list"
6462 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
6463 #: sources.list.5.xml:30
6464 msgid "Package resource list for APT"
6467 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6468 #: sources.list.5.xml:34
6470 "The package resource list is used to locate archives of the package "
6471 "distribution system in use on the system. At this time, this manual page "
6472 "documents only the packaging system used by the Debian GNU/Linux system. "
6473 "This control file is located in <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename>"
6476 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6477 #: sources.list.5.xml:39
6479 "The source list is designed to support any number of active sources and a "
6480 "variety of source media. The file lists one source per line, with the most "
6481 "preferred source listed first. The format of each line is: <literal>type uri "
6482 "args</literal> The first item, <literal>type</literal> determines the format "
6483 "for <literal>args</literal> <literal>uri</literal> is a Universal Resource "
6484 "Identifier (URI), which is a superset of the more specific and well-known "
6485 "Universal Resource Locator, or URL. The rest of the line can be marked as a "
6486 "comment by using a #."
6489 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
6490 #: sources.list.5.xml:50
6491 msgid "sources.list.d"
6494 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6495 #: sources.list.5.xml:51
6497 "The <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list.d</filename> directory provides a way to "
6498 "add sources.list entries in separate files. The format is the same as for "
6499 "the regular <filename>sources.list</filename> file. File names need to end "
6500 "with <filename>.list</filename> and may only contain letters (a-z and A-Z), "
6501 "digits (0-9), underscore (_), hyphen (-) and period (.) characters. "
6502 "Otherwise they will be silently ignored."
6505 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
6506 #: sources.list.5.xml:60
6507 msgid "The deb and deb-src types"
6510 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6511 #: sources.list.5.xml:61
6513 "The <literal>deb</literal> type describes a typical two-level Debian "
6514 "archive, <filename>distribution/component</filename>. Typically, "
6515 "<literal>distribution</literal> is generally one of "
6516 "<literal>stable</literal> <literal>unstable</literal> or "
6517 "<literal>testing</literal> while component is one of <literal>main</literal> "
6518 "<literal>contrib</literal> <literal>non-free</literal> or "
6519 "<literal>non-us</literal> The <literal>deb-src</literal> type describes a "
6520 "debian distribution's source code in the same form as the "
6521 "<literal>deb</literal> type. A <literal>deb-src</literal> line is required "
6522 "to fetch source indexes."
6525 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6526 #: sources.list.5.xml:73
6528 "The format for a <filename>sources.list</filename> entry using the "
6529 "<literal>deb</literal> and <literal>deb-src</literal> types are:"
6532 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout>
6533 #: sources.list.5.xml:76
6535 msgid "deb uri distribution [component1] [component2] [...]"
6538 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6539 #: sources.list.5.xml:78
6541 "The URI for the <literal>deb</literal> type must specify the base of the "
6542 "Debian distribution, from which APT will find the information it needs. "
6543 "<literal>distribution</literal> can specify an exact path, in which case the "
6544 "components must be omitted and <literal>distribution</literal> must end with "
6545 "a slash (/). This is useful for when only a particular sub-section of the "
6546 "archive denoted by the URI is of interest. If "
6547 "<literal>distribution</literal> does not specify an exact path, at least one "
6548 "<literal>component</literal> must be present."
6551 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6552 #: sources.list.5.xml:87
6554 "<literal>distribution</literal> may also contain a variable, "
6555 "<literal>$(ARCH)</literal> which expands to the Debian architecture (i386, "
6556 "m68k, powerpc, ...) used on the system. This permits "
6557 "architecture-independent <filename>sources.list</filename> files to be "
6558 "used. In general this is only of interest when specifying an exact path, "
6559 "<literal>APT</literal> will automatically generate a URI with the current "
6560 "architecture otherwise."
6563 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6564 #: sources.list.5.xml:95
6566 "Since only one distribution can be specified per line it may be necessary to "
6567 "have multiple lines for the same URI, if a subset of all available "
6568 "distributions or components at that location is desired. APT will sort the "
6569 "URI list after it has generated a complete set internally, and will collapse "
6570 "multiple references to the same Internet host, for instance, into a single "
6571 "connection, so that it does not inefficiently establish an FTP connection, "
6572 "close it, do something else, and then re-establish a connection to that same "
6573 "host. This feature is useful for accessing busy FTP sites with limits on the "
6574 "number of simultaneous anonymous users. APT also parallelizes connections to "
6575 "different hosts to more effectively deal with sites with low bandwidth."
6578 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6579 #: sources.list.5.xml:107
6581 "It is important to list sources in order of preference, with the most "
6582 "preferred source listed first. Typically this will result in sorting by "
6583 "speed from fastest to slowest (CD-ROM followed by hosts on a local network, "
6584 "followed by distant Internet hosts, for example)."
6587 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6588 #: sources.list.5.xml:112
6589 msgid "Some examples:"
6592 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout>
6593 #: sources.list.5.xml:114
6596 "deb http://http.us.debian.org/debian stable main contrib non-free\n"
6597 "deb http://http.us.debian.org/debian dists/stable-updates/\n"
6601 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
6602 #: sources.list.5.xml:120
6603 msgid "URI specification"
6606 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
6607 #: sources.list.5.xml:125
6611 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
6612 #: sources.list.5.xml:127
6614 "The file scheme allows an arbitrary directory in the file system to be "
6615 "considered an archive. This is useful for NFS mounts and local mirrors or "
6619 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
6620 #: sources.list.5.xml:134
6622 "The cdrom scheme allows APT to use a local CDROM drive with media "
6623 "swapping. Use the &apt-cdrom; program to create cdrom entries in the source "
6627 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
6628 #: sources.list.5.xml:141
6630 "The http scheme specifies an HTTP server for the archive. If an environment "
6631 "variable <envar>http_proxy</envar> is set with the format "
6632 "http://server:port/, the proxy server specified in <envar>http_proxy</envar> "
6633 "will be used. Users of authenticated HTTP/1.1 proxies may use a string of "
6634 "the format http://user:pass@server:port/ Note that this is an insecure "
6635 "method of authentication."
6638 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
6639 #: sources.list.5.xml:152
6641 "The ftp scheme specifies an FTP server for the archive. APT's FTP behavior "
6642 "is highly configurable; for more information see the &apt-conf; manual "
6643 "page. Please note that a ftp proxy can be specified by using the "
6644 "<envar>ftp_proxy</envar> environment variable. It is possible to specify a "
6645 "http proxy (http proxy servers often understand ftp urls) using this method "
6646 "and ONLY this method. ftp proxies using http specified in the configuration "
6647 "file will be ignored."
6650 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
6651 #: sources.list.5.xml:161
6655 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
6656 #: sources.list.5.xml:163
6658 "The copy scheme is identical to the file scheme except that packages are "
6659 "copied into the cache directory instead of used directly at their location. "
6660 "This is useful for people using a zip disk to copy files around with APT."
6663 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
6664 #: sources.list.5.xml:168
6668 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
6669 #: sources.list.5.xml:168
6673 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
6674 #: sources.list.5.xml:170
6676 "The rsh/ssh method invokes rsh/ssh to connect to a remote host as a given "
6677 "user and access the files. It is a good idea to do prior arrangements with "
6678 "RSA keys or rhosts. Access to files on the remote uses standard "
6679 "<command>find</command> and <command>dd</command> commands to perform the "
6680 "file transfers from the remote."
6683 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6684 #: sources.list.5.xml:122
6686 "The currently recognized URI types are cdrom, file, http, ftp, copy, ssh, "
6687 "rsh. <placeholder type=\"variablelist\" id=\"0\"/>"
6690 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6691 #: sources.list.5.xml:182
6693 "Uses the archive stored locally (or NFS mounted) at /home/jason/debian for "
6694 "stable/main, stable/contrib, and stable/non-free."
6697 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout>
6698 #: sources.list.5.xml:184
6700 msgid "deb file:/home/jason/debian stable main contrib non-free"
6703 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6704 #: sources.list.5.xml:186
6705 msgid "As above, except this uses the unstable (development) distribution."
6708 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout>
6709 #: sources.list.5.xml:187
6711 msgid "deb file:/home/jason/debian unstable main contrib non-free"
6714 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6715 #: sources.list.5.xml:189
6716 msgid "Source line for the above"
6719 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout>
6720 #: sources.list.5.xml:190
6722 msgid "deb-src file:/home/jason/debian unstable main contrib non-free"
6725 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6726 #: sources.list.5.xml:192
6728 "Uses HTTP to access the archive at archive.debian.org, and uses only the "
6732 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout>
6733 #: sources.list.5.xml:194
6735 msgid "deb http://archive.debian.org/debian-archive hamm main"
6738 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6739 #: sources.list.5.xml:196
6741 "Uses FTP to access the archive at ftp.debian.org, under the debian "
6742 "directory, and uses only the stable/contrib area."
6745 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout>
6746 #: sources.list.5.xml:198
6748 msgid "deb ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian stable contrib"
6751 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6752 #: sources.list.5.xml:200
6754 "Uses FTP to access the archive at ftp.debian.org, under the debian "
6755 "directory, and uses only the unstable/contrib area. If this line appears as "
6756 "well as the one in the previous example in "
6757 "<filename>sources.list</filename>. a single FTP session will be used for "
6758 "both resource lines."
6761 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout>
6762 #: sources.list.5.xml:204
6764 msgid "deb ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian unstable contrib"
6767 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6768 #: sources.list.5.xml:206
6770 "Uses HTTP to access the archive at nonus.debian.org, under the debian-non-US "
6774 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout>
6775 #: sources.list.5.xml:208
6778 "deb http://nonus.debian.org/debian-non-US stable/non-US main contrib "
6782 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><literallayout>
6783 #: sources.list.5.xml:217
6785 msgid "deb http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US unstable/binary-$(ARCH)/"
6788 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6789 #: sources.list.5.xml:210
6791 "Uses HTTP to access the archive at nonus.debian.org, under the debian-non-US "
6792 "directory, and uses only files found under "
6793 "<filename>unstable/binary-i386</filename> on i386 machines, "
6794 "<filename>unstable/binary-m68k</filename> on m68k, and so forth for other "
6795 "supported architectures. [Note this example only illustrates how to use the "
6796 "substitution variable; non-us is no longer structured like this] "
6797 "<placeholder type=\"literallayout\" id=\"0\"/>"
6800 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6801 #: sources.list.5.xml:222
6802 msgid "&apt-cache; &apt-conf;"