1 # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE
2 # Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc.
3 # This file is distributed under the same license as the PACKAGE package.
4 # FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
9 "Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
10 "POT-Creation-Date: 2009-09-24 15:02+0300\n"
11 "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
12 "Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
13 "Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
15 "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8\n"
16 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: ENCODING"
33 msgid "Debian GNU/Linux"
44 msgid "apt - Advanced Package Tool"
67 "APT is a management system for software packages. For normal day to day "
68 "package management there are several frontends available, such as "
69 "B<aptitude>(8) for the command line or B<synaptic>(8) for the X Window "
70 "System. Some options are only implemented in B<apt-get>(8) though."
99 "B<apt-cache>(8), B<apt-get>(8), B<apt.conf>(5), B<sources.list>(5), "
100 "B<apt_preferences>(5), B<apt-secure>(8)"
111 msgid "apt returns zero on normal operation, decimal 100 on error."
122 msgid "This manpage isn't even started."
128 "See E<lt>http://bugs.debian.org/aptE<gt>. If you wish to report a bug in "
129 "B<apt>, please see I</usr/share/doc/debian/bug-reporting.txt> or the "
130 "B<reportbug>(1) command."
141 msgid "apt was written by the APT team E<lt>apt@packages.debian.orgE<gt>."
146 msgid "<!-- -*- mode: sgml; mode: fold -*- -->"
152 "<!-- Some common paths.. --> <!ENTITY docdir \"/usr/share/doc/apt/\"> "
153 "<!ENTITY guidesdir \"/usr/share/doc/apt-doc/\"> <!ENTITY configureindex "
154 "\"<filename>&docdir;examples/configure-index.gz</filename>\"> <!ENTITY "
155 "aptconfdir \"<filename>/etc/apt.conf</filename>\"> <!ENTITY statedir "
156 "\"/var/lib/apt\"> <!ENTITY cachedir \"/var/cache/apt\">"
163 "<!-- Cross references to other man pages -->\n"
164 "<!ENTITY apt-conf \"<citerefentry>\n"
165 " <refentrytitle><filename>apt.conf</filename></refentrytitle>\n"
166 " <manvolnum>5</manvolnum>\n"
167 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
175 "<!ENTITY apt-get \"<citerefentry>\n"
176 " <refentrytitle><command>apt-get</command></refentrytitle>\n"
177 " <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>\n"
178 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
186 "<!ENTITY apt-config \"<citerefentry>\n"
187 " <refentrytitle><command>apt-config</command></refentrytitle>\n"
188 " <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>\n"
189 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
197 "<!ENTITY apt-cdrom \"<citerefentry>\n"
198 " <refentrytitle><command>apt-cdrom</command></refentrytitle>\n"
199 " <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>\n"
200 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
208 "<!ENTITY apt-cache \"<citerefentry>\n"
209 " <refentrytitle><command>apt-cache</command></refentrytitle>\n"
210 " <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>\n"
211 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
219 "<!ENTITY apt-preferences \"<citerefentry>\n"
220 " <refentrytitle><command>apt_preferences</command></refentrytitle>\n"
221 " <manvolnum>5</manvolnum>\n"
222 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
230 "<!ENTITY apt-key \"<citerefentry>\n"
231 " <refentrytitle><command>apt-key</command></refentrytitle>\n"
232 " <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>\n"
233 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
241 "<!ENTITY apt-secure \"<citerefentry>\n"
242 " <refentrytitle>apt-secure</refentrytitle>\n"
243 " <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>\n"
244 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
252 "<!ENTITY apt-ftparchive \"<citerefentry>\n"
253 " <refentrytitle><filename>apt-ftparchive</filename></refentrytitle>\n"
254 " <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>\n"
255 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
263 "<!ENTITY sources-list \"<citerefentry>\n"
264 " <refentrytitle><filename>sources.list</filename></refentrytitle>\n"
265 " <manvolnum>5</manvolnum>\n"
266 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
274 "<!ENTITY reportbug \"<citerefentry>\n"
275 " <refentrytitle><command>reportbug</command></refentrytitle>\n"
276 " <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>\n"
277 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
285 "<!ENTITY dpkg \"<citerefentry>\n"
286 " <refentrytitle><command>dpkg</command></refentrytitle>\n"
287 " <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>\n"
288 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
296 "<!ENTITY dpkg-buildpackage \"<citerefentry>\n"
297 " <refentrytitle><command>dpkg-buildpackage</command></refentrytitle>\n"
298 " <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>\n"
299 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
307 "<!ENTITY gzip \"<citerefentry>\n"
308 " <refentrytitle><command>gzip</command></refentrytitle>\n"
309 " <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>\n"
310 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
318 "<!ENTITY dpkg-scanpackages \"<citerefentry>\n"
319 " <refentrytitle><command>dpkg-scanpackages</command></refentrytitle>\n"
320 " <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>\n"
321 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
329 "<!ENTITY dpkg-scansources \"<citerefentry>\n"
330 " <refentrytitle><command>dpkg-scansources</command></refentrytitle>\n"
331 " <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>\n"
332 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
340 "<!ENTITY dselect \"<citerefentry>\n"
341 " <refentrytitle><command>dselect</command></refentrytitle>\n"
342 " <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>\n"
343 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
351 "<!ENTITY aptitude \"<citerefentry>\n"
352 " <refentrytitle><command>aptitude</command></refentrytitle>\n"
353 " <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>\n"
354 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
362 "<!ENTITY synaptic \"<citerefentry>\n"
363 " <refentrytitle><command>synaptic</command></refentrytitle>\n"
364 " <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>\n"
365 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
373 "<!ENTITY debsign \"<citerefentry>\n"
374 " <refentrytitle><command>debsign</command></refentrytitle>\n"
375 " <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>\n"
376 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
384 "<!ENTITY debsig-verify \"<citerefentry>\n"
385 " <refentrytitle><command>debsig-verify</command></refentrytitle>\n"
386 " <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>\n"
387 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
395 "<!ENTITY gpg \"<citerefentry>\n"
396 " <refentrytitle><command>gpg</command></refentrytitle>\n"
397 " <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>\n"
398 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
406 "<!ENTITY gnome-apt \"<citerefentry>\n"
407 " <refentrytitle><command>gnome-apt</command></refentrytitle>\n"
408 " <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>\n"
409 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
417 "<!ENTITY wajig \"<citerefentry>\n"
418 " <refentrytitle><command>wajig</command></refentrytitle>\n"
419 " <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>\n"
420 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
428 "<!-- Boiler plate docinfo section -->\n"
429 "<!ENTITY apt-docinfo \"\n"
431 " <address><email>apt@packages.debian.org</email></address>\n"
433 " <firstname>Jason</firstname> <surname>Gunthorpe</surname>\n"
434 " <contrib></contrib>\n"
436 " <copyright><year>1998-2001</year> <holder>Jason "
437 "Gunthorpe</holder></copyright>\n"
438 " <date>28 October 2008</date>\n"
439 " <productname>Linux</productname>\n"
454 "<!ENTITY apt-email \"\n"
456 " <email>apt@packages.debian.org</email>\n"
465 "<!ENTITY apt-author.jgunthorpe \"\n"
467 " <firstname>Jason</firstname>\n"
468 " <surname>Gunthorpe</surname>\n"
469 " <contrib></contrib>\n"
478 "<!ENTITY apt-author.moconnor \"\n"
480 " <firstname>Mike</firstname>\n"
481 " <surname>O'Connor</surname>\n"
482 " <contrib></contrib>\n"
491 "<!ENTITY apt-author.team \"\n"
493 " <othername>APT team</othername>\n"
494 " <contrib></contrib>\n"
500 #: apt.ent:204 apt.ent:215
503 "<!ENTITY apt-product \"\n"
504 " <productname>Linux</productname>\n"
512 "<!ENTITY apt-copyright \"\n"
514 " <holder>Jason Gunthorpe</holder>\n"
515 " <year>1998-2001</year>\n"
524 "<!ENTITY apt-qapage \"\n"
526 "\t\t<ulink url='http://packages.qa.debian.org/a/apt.html'>QA Page</ulink>\n"
535 "<!-- Boiler plate Bug reporting section -->\n"
536 "<!ENTITY manbugs \"\n"
537 " <refsect1><title>Bugs</title>\n"
538 " <para><ulink url='http://bugs.debian.org/src:apt'>APT bug "
540 " If you wish to report a bug in APT, please see\n"
541 " <filename>/usr/share/doc/debian/bug-reporting.txt</filename> or the\n"
542 " &reportbug; command.\n"
552 "<!-- Boiler plate Author section -->\n"
553 "<!ENTITY manauthor \"\n"
554 " <refsect1><title>Author</title>\n"
555 " <para>APT was written by the APT team "
556 "<email>apt@packages.debian.org</email>.\n"
566 "<!-- Should be used within the option section of the text to\n"
567 " put in the blurb about -h, -v, -c and -o -->\n"
568 "<!ENTITY apt-commonoptions \"\n"
569 " <varlistentry><term><option>-h</option></term>\n"
570 " <term><option>--help</option></term>\n"
571 " <listitem><para>Show a short usage summary.\n"
582 " <term><option>-v</option></term>\n"
583 " <term><option>--version</option></term>\n"
584 " <listitem><para>Show the program version.\n"
595 " <term><option>-c</option></term>\n"
596 " <term><option>--config-file</option></term>\n"
597 " <listitem><para>Configuration File; Specify a configuration file to "
599 " The program will read the default configuration file and then this \n"
600 " configuration file. See &apt-conf; for syntax information. \n"
611 " <term><option>-o</option></term>\n"
612 " <term><option>--option</option></term>\n"
613 " <listitem><para>Set a Configuration Option; This will set an "
615 " configuration option. The syntax is <option>-o "
616 "Foo::Bar=bar</option>.\n"
617 " <option>-o</option> and <option>--option</option> can be used "
619 " times to set different options.\n"
630 "<!-- Should be used within the option section of the text to\n"
631 " put in the blurb about -h, -v, -c and -o -->\n"
632 "<!ENTITY apt-cmdblurb \"\n"
633 " <para>All command line options may be set using the configuration file, "
635 " descriptions indicate the configuration option to set. For boolean\n"
636 " options you can override the config file by using something like \n"
637 " <option>-f-</option>,<option>--no-f</option>, <option>-f=no</option>\n"
638 " or several other variations.\n"
647 "<!ENTITY file-aptconf \"\n"
648 " <varlistentry><term><filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf</filename></term>\n"
649 " <listitem><para>APT configuration file.\n"
650 " Configuration Item: "
651 "<literal>Dir::Etc::Main</literal>.</para></listitem>\n"
659 " <varlistentry><term><filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/</filename></term>\n"
660 " <listitem><para>APT configuration file fragments.\n"
661 " Configuration Item: "
662 "<literal>Dir::Etc::Parts</literal>.</para></listitem>\n"
671 "<!ENTITY file-cachearchives \"\n"
672 " <varlistentry><term><filename>&cachedir;/archives/</filename></term>\n"
673 " <listitem><para>Storage area for retrieved package files.\n"
674 " Configuration Item: "
675 "<literal>Dir::Cache::Archives</literal>.</para></listitem>\n"
684 "<varlistentry><term><filename>&cachedir;/archives/partial/</filename></term>\n"
685 " <listitem><para>Storage area for package files in transit.\n"
686 " Configuration Item: <literal>Dir::Cache::Archives</literal> (implicit "
687 "partial). </para></listitem>\n"
696 "<!ENTITY file-preferences \"\n"
697 " <varlistentry><term><filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename></term>\n"
698 " <listitem><para>Version preferences file.\n"
699 " This is where you would specify "pinning",\n"
700 " i.e. a preference to get certain packages\n"
701 " from a separate source\n"
702 " or from a different version of a distribution.\n"
703 " Configuration Item: "
704 "<literal>Dir::Etc::Preferences</literal>.</para></listitem>\n"
713 "<varlistentry><term><filename>/etc/apt/preferences.d/</filename></term>\n"
714 " <listitem><para>File fragments for the version preferences.\n"
715 " Configuration Item: "
716 "<literal>Dir::Etc::PreferencesParts</literal>.</para></listitem>\n"
725 "<!ENTITY file-sourceslist \"\n"
726 " <varlistentry><term><filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename></term>\n"
727 " <listitem><para>Locations to fetch packages from.\n"
728 " Configuration Item: "
729 "<literal>Dir::Etc::SourceList</literal>.</para></listitem>\n"
738 "<varlistentry><term><filename>/etc/apt/sources.list.d/</filename></term>\n"
739 " <listitem><para>File fragments for locations to fetch packages from.\n"
740 " Configuration Item: "
741 "<literal>Dir::Etc::SourceParts</literal>.</para></listitem>\n"
750 "<!ENTITY file-statelists \"\n"
751 " <varlistentry><term><filename>&statedir;/lists/</filename></term>\n"
752 " <listitem><para>Storage area for state information for each package "
753 "resource specified in\n"
755 " Configuration Item: "
756 "<literal>Dir::State::Lists</literal>.</para></listitem>\n"
765 "<varlistentry><term><filename>&statedir;/lists/partial/</filename></term>\n"
766 " <listitem><para>Storage area for state information in transit.\n"
767 " Configuration Item: <literal>Dir::State::Lists</literal> (implicit "
768 "partial).</para></listitem>\n"
773 #. The last update date
774 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refentryinfo>
775 #: apt-cache.8.xml:13 apt-config.8.xml:13 apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:13 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:13 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:13 sources.list.5.xml:13
777 "&apt-author.jgunthorpe; &apt-author.team; &apt-email; &apt-product; <date>29 "
778 "February 2004</date>"
781 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
782 #: apt-cache.8.xml:22 apt-cache.8.xml:29
786 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refmeta><manvolnum>
787 #: apt-cache.8.xml:23 apt-cdrom.8.xml:22 apt-config.8.xml:23 apt-get.8.xml:23 apt-key.8.xml:15 apt-mark.8.xml:23 apt-secure.8.xml:15
791 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refmeta><refmiscinfo>
792 #: apt-cache.8.xml:24 apt-cdrom.8.xml:23 apt-config.8.xml:24 apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:24 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:24 apt-get.8.xml:24 apt-key.8.xml:16 apt-mark.8.xml:24 apt-secure.8.xml:16 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:24 apt.conf.5.xml:30 apt_preferences.5.xml:23 sources.list.5.xml:24
796 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
797 #: apt-cache.8.xml:30
798 msgid "APT package handling utility -- cache manipulator"
801 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsynopsisdiv><cmdsynopsis>
802 #: apt-cache.8.xml:36
804 "<command>apt-cache</command> <arg><option>-hvsn</option></arg> "
805 "<arg><option>-o=<replaceable>config string</replaceable></option></arg> "
806 "<arg><option>-c=<replaceable>file</replaceable></option></arg> <group "
807 "choice=\"req\"> <arg>add <arg choice=\"plain\" "
808 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>file</replaceable></arg></arg> "
809 "<arg>gencaches</arg> <arg>showpkg <arg choice=\"plain\" "
810 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkg</replaceable></arg></arg> <arg>showsrc <arg "
811 "choice=\"plain\" rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkg</replaceable></arg></arg> "
812 "<arg>stats</arg> <arg>dump</arg> <arg>dumpavail</arg> <arg>unmet</arg> "
814 "choice=\"plain\"><replaceable>regex</replaceable></arg></arg> <arg>show <arg "
815 "choice=\"plain\" rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkg</replaceable></arg></arg> "
816 "<arg>depends <arg choice=\"plain\" "
817 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkg</replaceable></arg></arg> <arg>rdepends <arg "
818 "choice=\"plain\" rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkg</replaceable></arg></arg> "
819 "<arg>pkgnames <arg "
820 "choice=\"plain\"><replaceable>prefix</replaceable></arg></arg> <arg>dotty "
821 "<arg choice=\"plain\" "
822 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkg</replaceable></arg></arg> <arg>xvcg <arg "
823 "choice=\"plain\" rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkg</replaceable></arg></arg> "
824 "<arg>policy <arg choice=\"plain\" "
825 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkgs</replaceable></arg></arg> <arg>madison <arg "
826 "choice=\"plain\" rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkgs</replaceable></arg></arg> "
830 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
831 #: apt-cache.8.xml:62 apt-cdrom.8.xml:47 apt-config.8.xml:47 apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:43 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:55 apt-get.8.xml:125 apt-key.8.xml:34 apt-mark.8.xml:52 apt-secure.8.xml:40 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:44 apt.conf.5.xml:39 apt_preferences.5.xml:33 sources.list.5.xml:33
835 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
836 #: apt-cache.8.xml:63
838 "<command>apt-cache</command> performs a variety of operations on APT's "
839 "package cache. <command>apt-cache</command> does not manipulate the state of "
840 "the system but does provide operations to search and generate interesting "
841 "output from the package metadata."
844 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
845 #: apt-cache.8.xml:68 apt-get.8.xml:131
847 "Unless the <option>-h</option>, or <option>--help</option> option is given, "
848 "one of the commands below must be present."
851 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
852 #: apt-cache.8.xml:72
853 msgid "add <replaceable>file(s)</replaceable>"
856 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
857 #: apt-cache.8.xml:73
859 "<literal>add</literal> adds the named package index files to the package "
860 "cache. This is for debugging only."
863 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
864 #: apt-cache.8.xml:77
868 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
869 #: apt-cache.8.xml:78
871 "<literal>gencaches</literal> performs the same operation as <command>apt-get "
872 "check</command>. It builds the source and package caches from the sources in "
873 "&sources-list; and from <filename>/var/lib/dpkg/status</filename>."
876 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
877 #: apt-cache.8.xml:84
878 msgid "showpkg <replaceable>pkg(s)</replaceable>"
881 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
882 #: apt-cache.8.xml:85
884 "<literal>showpkg</literal> displays information about the packages listed on "
885 "the command line. Remaining arguments are package names. The available "
886 "versions and reverse dependencies of each package listed are listed, as well "
887 "as forward dependencies for each version. Forward (normal) dependencies are "
888 "those packages upon which the package in question depends; reverse "
889 "dependencies are those packages that depend upon the package in "
890 "question. Thus, forward dependencies must be satisfied for a package, but "
891 "reverse dependencies need not be. For instance, <command>apt-cache showpkg "
892 "libreadline2</command> would produce output similar to the following:"
895 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><informalexample><programlisting>
896 #: apt-cache.8.xml:97
899 "Package: libreadline2\n"
900 "Versions: 2.1-12(/var/state/apt/lists/foo_Packages),\n"
901 "Reverse Depends: \n"
902 " libreadlineg2,libreadline2\n"
903 " libreadline2-altdev,libreadline2\n"
905 "2.1-12 - libc5 (2 5.4.0-0) ncurses3.0 (0 (null))\n"
908 "Reverse Provides: \n"
911 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
912 #: apt-cache.8.xml:109
914 "Thus it may be seen that libreadline2, version 2.1-12, depends on libc5 and "
915 "ncurses3.0 which must be installed for libreadline2 to work. In turn, "
916 "libreadlineg2 and libreadline2-altdev depend on libreadline2. If "
917 "libreadline2 is installed, libc5 and ncurses3.0 (and ldso) must also be "
918 "installed; libreadlineg2 and libreadline2-altdev do not have to be "
919 "installed. For the specific meaning of the remainder of the output it is "
920 "best to consult the apt source code."
923 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
924 #: apt-cache.8.xml:118
928 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
929 #: apt-cache.8.xml:118
931 "<literal>stats</literal> displays some statistics about the cache. No "
932 "further arguments are expected. Statistics reported are:"
935 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
936 #: apt-cache.8.xml:121
938 "<literal>Total package names</literal> is the number of package names found "
942 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
943 #: apt-cache.8.xml:125
945 "<literal>Normal packages</literal> is the number of regular, ordinary "
946 "package names; these are packages that bear a one-to-one correspondence "
947 "between their names and the names used by other packages for them in "
948 "dependencies. The majority of packages fall into this category."
951 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
952 #: apt-cache.8.xml:131
954 "<literal>Pure virtual packages</literal> is the number of packages that "
955 "exist only as a virtual package name; that is, packages only \"provide\" the "
956 "virtual package name, and no package actually uses the name. For instance, "
957 "\"mail-transport-agent\" in the Debian GNU/Linux system is a pure virtual "
958 "package; several packages provide \"mail-transport-agent\", but there is no "
959 "package named \"mail-transport-agent\"."
962 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
963 #: apt-cache.8.xml:139
965 "<literal>Single virtual packages</literal> is the number of packages with "
966 "only one package providing a particular virtual package. For example, in the "
967 "Debian GNU/Linux system, \"X11-text-viewer\" is a virtual package, but only "
968 "one package, xless, provides \"X11-text-viewer\"."
971 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
972 #: apt-cache.8.xml:145
974 "<literal>Mixed virtual packages</literal> is the number of packages that "
975 "either provide a particular virtual package or have the virtual package name "
976 "as the package name. For instance, in the Debian GNU/Linux system, "
977 "\"debconf\" is both an actual package, and provided by the debconf-tiny "
981 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
982 #: apt-cache.8.xml:152
984 "<literal>Missing</literal> is the number of package names that were "
985 "referenced in a dependency but were not provided by any package. Missing "
986 "packages may be in evidence if a full distribution is not accessed, or if a "
987 "package (real or virtual) has been dropped from the distribution. Usually "
988 "they are referenced from Conflicts or Breaks statements."
991 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
992 #: apt-cache.8.xml:159
994 "<literal>Total distinct</literal> versions is the number of package versions "
995 "found in the cache; this value is therefore at least equal to the number of "
996 "total package names. If more than one distribution (both \"stable\" and "
997 "\"unstable\", for instance), is being accessed, this value can be "
998 "considerably larger than the number of total package names."
1001 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1002 #: apt-cache.8.xml:166
1004 "<literal>Total dependencies</literal> is the number of dependency "
1005 "relationships claimed by all of the packages in the cache."
1008 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1009 #: apt-cache.8.xml:173
1010 msgid "showsrc <replaceable>pkg(s)</replaceable>"
1013 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1014 #: apt-cache.8.xml:174
1016 "<literal>showsrc</literal> displays all the source package records that "
1017 "match the given package names. All versions are shown, as well as all "
1018 "records that declare the name to be a Binary."
1021 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1022 #: apt-cache.8.xml:179 apt-config.8.xml:84
1026 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1027 #: apt-cache.8.xml:180
1029 "<literal>dump</literal> shows a short listing of every package in the "
1030 "cache. It is primarily for debugging."
1033 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1034 #: apt-cache.8.xml:184
1038 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1039 #: apt-cache.8.xml:185
1041 "<literal>dumpavail</literal> prints out an available list to stdout. This is "
1042 "suitable for use with &dpkg; and is used by the &dselect; method."
1045 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1046 #: apt-cache.8.xml:189
1050 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1051 #: apt-cache.8.xml:190
1053 "<literal>unmet</literal> displays a summary of all unmet dependencies in the "
1057 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1058 #: apt-cache.8.xml:194
1059 msgid "show <replaceable>pkg(s)</replaceable>"
1062 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1063 #: apt-cache.8.xml:195
1065 "<literal>show</literal> performs a function similar to <command>dpkg "
1066 "--print-avail</command>; it displays the package records for the named "
1070 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1071 #: apt-cache.8.xml:200
1072 msgid "search <replaceable>regex [ regex ... ]</replaceable>"
1075 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1076 #: apt-cache.8.xml:201
1078 "<literal>search</literal> performs a full text search on all available "
1079 "package lists for the POSIX regex pattern given, see "
1080 "<citerefentry><refentrytitle><command>regex</command></refentrytitle> "
1081 "<manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>. It searches the package names and "
1082 "the descriptions for an occurrence of the regular expression and prints out "
1083 "the package name and the short description, including virtual package "
1084 "names. If <option>--full</option> is given then output identical to "
1085 "<literal>show</literal> is produced for each matched package, and if "
1086 "<option>--names-only</option> is given then the long description is not "
1087 "searched, only the package name is."
1090 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1091 #: apt-cache.8.xml:214
1093 "Separate arguments can be used to specify multiple search patterns that are "
1097 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1098 #: apt-cache.8.xml:218
1099 msgid "depends <replaceable>pkg(s)</replaceable>"
1102 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1103 #: apt-cache.8.xml:219
1105 "<literal>depends</literal> shows a listing of each dependency a package has "
1106 "and all the possible other packages that can fulfill that dependency."
1109 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1110 #: apt-cache.8.xml:223
1111 msgid "rdepends <replaceable>pkg(s)</replaceable>"
1114 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1115 #: apt-cache.8.xml:224
1117 "<literal>rdepends</literal> shows a listing of each reverse dependency a "
1121 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1122 #: apt-cache.8.xml:228
1123 msgid "pkgnames <replaceable>[ prefix ]</replaceable>"
1126 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1127 #: apt-cache.8.xml:229
1129 "This command prints the name of each package APT knows. The optional "
1130 "argument is a prefix match to filter the name list. The output is suitable "
1131 "for use in a shell tab complete function and the output is generated "
1132 "extremely quickly. This command is best used with the "
1133 "<option>--generate</option> option."
1136 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1137 #: apt-cache.8.xml:234
1139 "Note that a package which APT knows of is not nessasarily available to "
1140 "download, installable or installed, e.g. virtual packages are also listed in "
1141 "the generated list."
1144 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1145 #: apt-cache.8.xml:239
1146 msgid "dotty <replaceable>pkg(s)</replaceable>"
1149 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1150 #: apt-cache.8.xml:240
1152 "<literal>dotty</literal> takes a list of packages on the command line and "
1153 "generates output suitable for use by dotty from the <ulink "
1154 "url=\"http://www.research.att.com/sw/tools/graphviz/\">GraphViz</ulink> "
1155 "package. The result will be a set of nodes and edges representing the "
1156 "relationships between the packages. By default the given packages will trace "
1157 "out all dependent packages; this can produce a very large graph. To limit "
1158 "the output to only the packages listed on the command line, set the "
1159 "<literal>APT::Cache::GivenOnly</literal> option."
1162 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1163 #: apt-cache.8.xml:249
1165 "The resulting nodes will have several shapes; normal packages are boxes, "
1166 "pure provides are triangles, mixed provides are diamonds, missing packages "
1167 "are hexagons. Orange boxes mean recursion was stopped [leaf packages], blue "
1168 "lines are pre-depends, green lines are conflicts."
1171 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1172 #: apt-cache.8.xml:254
1173 msgid "Caution, dotty cannot graph larger sets of packages."
1176 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1177 #: apt-cache.8.xml:257
1178 msgid "xvcg <replaceable>pkg(s)</replaceable>"
1181 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1182 #: apt-cache.8.xml:258
1184 "The same as <literal>dotty</literal>, only for xvcg from the <ulink "
1185 "url=\"http://rw4.cs.uni-sb.de/users/sander/html/gsvcg1.html\">VCG "
1189 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1190 #: apt-cache.8.xml:262
1191 msgid "policy <replaceable>[ pkg(s) ]</replaceable>"
1194 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1195 #: apt-cache.8.xml:263
1197 "<literal>policy</literal> is meant to help debug issues relating to the "
1198 "preferences file. With no arguments it will print out the priorities of each "
1199 "source. Otherwise it prints out detailed information about the priority "
1200 "selection of the named package."
1203 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1204 #: apt-cache.8.xml:269
1205 msgid "madison <replaceable>/[ pkg(s) ]</replaceable>"
1208 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1209 #: apt-cache.8.xml:270
1211 "<literal>apt-cache</literal>'s <literal>madison</literal> command attempts "
1212 "to mimic the output format and a subset of the functionality of the Debian "
1213 "archive management tool, <literal>madison</literal>. It displays available "
1214 "versions of a package in a tabular format. Unlike the original "
1215 "<literal>madison</literal>, it can only display information for the "
1216 "architecture for which APT has retrieved package lists "
1217 "(<literal>APT::Architecture</literal>)."
1220 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1221 #: apt-cache.8.xml:281 apt-config.8.xml:93 apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:56 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:492 apt-get.8.xml:319 apt-mark.8.xml:89 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:54 apt.conf.5.xml:436 apt.conf.5.xml:458
1225 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1226 #: apt-cache.8.xml:285
1227 msgid "<option>-p</option>"
1230 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1231 #: apt-cache.8.xml:285
1232 msgid "<option>--pkg-cache</option>"
1235 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1236 #: apt-cache.8.xml:286
1238 "Select the file to store the package cache. The package cache is the primary "
1239 "cache used by all operations. Configuration Item: "
1240 "<literal>Dir::Cache::pkgcache</literal>."
1243 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1244 #: apt-cache.8.xml:291 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:535 apt-get.8.xml:376 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:58
1245 msgid "<option>-s</option>"
1248 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1249 #: apt-cache.8.xml:291
1250 msgid "<option>--src-cache</option>"
1253 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1254 #: apt-cache.8.xml:292
1256 "Select the file to store the source cache. The source is used only by "
1257 "<literal>gencaches</literal> and it stores a parsed version of the package "
1258 "information from remote sources. When building the package cache the source "
1259 "cache is used to avoid reparsing all of the package files. Configuration "
1260 "Item: <literal>Dir::Cache::srcpkgcache</literal>."
1263 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1264 #: apt-cache.8.xml:299 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:509 apt-get.8.xml:366
1265 msgid "<option>-q</option>"
1268 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1269 #: apt-cache.8.xml:299 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:509 apt-get.8.xml:366
1270 msgid "<option>--quiet</option>"
1273 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1274 #: apt-cache.8.xml:300
1276 "Quiet; produces output suitable for logging, omitting progress indicators. "
1277 "More q's will produce more quietness up to a maximum of 2. You can also use "
1278 "<option>-q=#</option> to set the quietness level, overriding the "
1279 "configuration file. Configuration Item: <literal>quiet</literal>."
1282 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1283 #: apt-cache.8.xml:306
1284 msgid "<option>-i</option>"
1287 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1288 #: apt-cache.8.xml:306
1289 msgid "<option>--important</option>"
1292 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1293 #: apt-cache.8.xml:307
1295 "Print only important dependencies; for use with unmet and depends. Causes "
1296 "only Depends and Pre-Depends relations to be printed. Configuration Item: "
1297 "<literal>APT::Cache::Important</literal>."
1300 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1301 #: apt-cache.8.xml:312 apt-cdrom.8.xml:121 apt-get.8.xml:333
1302 msgid "<option>-f</option>"
1305 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1306 #: apt-cache.8.xml:312
1307 msgid "<option>--full</option>"
1310 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1311 #: apt-cache.8.xml:313
1313 "Print full package records when searching. Configuration Item: "
1314 "<literal>APT::Cache::ShowFull</literal>."
1317 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1318 #: apt-cache.8.xml:317 apt-cdrom.8.xml:131
1319 msgid "<option>-a</option>"
1322 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1323 #: apt-cache.8.xml:317
1324 msgid "<option>--all-versions</option>"
1327 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1328 #: apt-cache.8.xml:318
1330 "Print full records for all available versions. This is the default; to turn "
1331 "it off, use <option>--no-all-versions</option>. If "
1332 "<option>--no-all-versions</option> is specified, only the candidate version "
1333 "will displayed (the one which would be selected for installation). This "
1334 "option is only applicable to the <literal>show</literal> command. "
1335 "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Cache::AllVersions</literal>."
1338 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1339 #: apt-cache.8.xml:326
1340 msgid "<option>-g</option>"
1343 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1344 #: apt-cache.8.xml:326
1345 msgid "<option>--generate</option>"
1348 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1349 #: apt-cache.8.xml:327
1351 "Perform automatic package cache regeneration, rather than use the cache as "
1352 "it is. This is the default; to turn it off, use "
1353 "<option>--no-generate</option>. Configuration Item: "
1354 "<literal>APT::Cache::Generate</literal>."
1357 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1358 #: apt-cache.8.xml:332
1359 msgid "<option>--names-only</option>"
1362 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1363 #: apt-cache.8.xml:332 apt-cdrom.8.xml:139
1364 msgid "<option>-n</option>"
1367 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1368 #: apt-cache.8.xml:333
1370 "Only search on the package names, not the long descriptions. Configuration "
1371 "Item: <literal>APT::Cache::NamesOnly</literal>."
1374 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1375 #: apt-cache.8.xml:337
1376 msgid "<option>--all-names</option>"
1379 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1380 #: apt-cache.8.xml:338
1382 "Make <literal>pkgnames</literal> print all names, including virtual packages "
1383 "and missing dependencies. Configuration Item: "
1384 "<literal>APT::Cache::AllNames</literal>."
1387 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1388 #: apt-cache.8.xml:343
1389 msgid "<option>--recurse</option>"
1392 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1393 #: apt-cache.8.xml:344
1395 "Make <literal>depends</literal> and <literal>rdepends</literal> recursive so "
1396 "that all packages mentioned are printed once. Configuration Item: "
1397 "<literal>APT::Cache::RecurseDepends</literal>."
1400 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1401 #: apt-cache.8.xml:349
1402 msgid "<option>--installed</option>"
1405 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1406 #: apt-cache.8.xml:351
1408 "Limit the output of <literal>depends</literal> and "
1409 "<literal>rdepends</literal> to packages which are currently installed. "
1410 "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Cache::Installed</literal>."
1413 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist>
1414 #: apt-cache.8.xml:356 apt-cdrom.8.xml:150 apt-config.8.xml:98 apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:67 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:547 apt-get.8.xml:554 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:64
1415 msgid "&apt-commonoptions;"
1418 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
1419 #: apt-cache.8.xml:361 apt-get.8.xml:559 apt-key.8.xml:138 apt-mark.8.xml:122 apt.conf.5.xml:968 apt_preferences.5.xml:615
1423 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist>
1424 #: apt-cache.8.xml:363
1425 msgid "&file-sourceslist; &file-statelists;"
1428 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
1429 #: apt-cache.8.xml:368 apt-cdrom.8.xml:155 apt-config.8.xml:103 apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:74 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:563 apt-get.8.xml:569 apt-key.8.xml:162 apt-mark.8.xml:133 apt-secure.8.xml:181 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:69 apt.conf.5.xml:974 apt_preferences.5.xml:622 sources.list.5.xml:221
1433 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1434 #: apt-cache.8.xml:369
1435 msgid "&apt-conf;, &sources-list;, &apt-get;"
1438 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
1439 #: apt-cache.8.xml:373 apt-cdrom.8.xml:160 apt-config.8.xml:108 apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:78 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:567 apt-get.8.xml:575 apt-mark.8.xml:137 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:73
1443 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1444 #: apt-cache.8.xml:374
1446 "<command>apt-cache</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal 100 "
1450 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refentryinfo>
1451 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:13
1453 "&apt-author.jgunthorpe; &apt-author.team; &apt-email; &apt-product; <date>14 "
1454 "February 2004</date>"
1457 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
1458 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:21 apt-cdrom.8.xml:28
1462 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
1463 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:29
1464 msgid "APT CDROM management utility"
1467 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsynopsisdiv><cmdsynopsis>
1468 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:35
1470 "<command>apt-cdrom</command> <arg><option>-hvrmfan</option></arg> "
1471 "<arg><option>-d=<replaceable>cdrom mount point</replaceable></option></arg> "
1472 "<arg><option>-o=<replaceable>config string</replaceable></option></arg> "
1473 "<arg><option>-c=<replaceable>file</replaceable></option></arg> <group> "
1474 "<arg>add</arg> <arg>ident</arg> </group>"
1477 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1478 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:48
1480 "<command>apt-cdrom</command> is used to add a new CDROM to APTs list of "
1481 "available sources. <command>apt-cdrom</command> takes care of determining "
1482 "the structure of the disc as well as correcting for several possible "
1483 "mis-burns and verifying the index files."
1486 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1487 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:55
1489 "It is necessary to use <command>apt-cdrom</command> to add CDs to the APT "
1490 "system, it cannot be done by hand. Furthermore each disk in a multi-cd set "
1491 "must be inserted and scanned separately to account for possible mis-burns."
1494 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1495 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:65
1499 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1500 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:66
1502 "<literal>add</literal> is used to add a new disc to the source list. It will "
1503 "unmount the CDROM device, prompt for a disk to be inserted and then procceed "
1504 "to scan it and copy the index files. If the disc does not have a proper "
1505 "<filename>disk</filename> directory you will be prompted for a descriptive "
1509 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1510 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:74
1512 "APT uses a CDROM ID to track which disc is currently in the drive and "
1513 "maintains a database of these IDs in "
1514 "<filename>&statedir;/cdroms.list</filename>"
1517 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1518 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:81
1522 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1523 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:82
1525 "A debugging tool to report the identity of the current disc as well as the "
1529 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1530 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:61
1532 "Unless the <option>-h</option>, or <option>--help</option> option is given "
1533 "one of the commands below must be present. <placeholder "
1534 "type=\"variablelist\" id=\"0\"/>"
1537 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
1538 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:91
1542 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1543 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:95 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:503 apt-get.8.xml:328
1544 msgid "<option>-d</option>"
1547 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1548 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:95
1549 msgid "<option>--cdrom</option>"
1552 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1553 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:96
1555 "Mount point; specify the location to mount the cdrom. This mount point must "
1556 "be listed in <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> and properly configured. "
1557 "Configuration Item: <literal>Acquire::cdrom::mount</literal>."
1560 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1561 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:104
1562 msgid "<option>-r</option>"
1565 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1566 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:104
1567 msgid "<option>--rename</option>"
1570 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1571 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:105
1573 "Rename a disc; change the label of a disk or override the disks given "
1574 "label. This option will cause <command>apt-cdrom</command> to prompt for a "
1575 "new label. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::CDROM::Rename</literal>."
1578 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1579 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:113 apt-get.8.xml:347
1580 msgid "<option>-m</option>"
1583 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1584 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:113
1585 msgid "<option>--no-mount</option>"
1588 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1589 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:114
1591 "No mounting; prevent <command>apt-cdrom</command> from mounting and "
1592 "unmounting the mount point. Configuration Item: "
1593 "<literal>APT::CDROM::NoMount</literal>."
1596 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1597 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:121
1598 msgid "<option>--fast</option>"
1601 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1602 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:122
1604 "Fast Copy; Assume the package files are valid and do not check every "
1605 "package. This option should be used only if <command>apt-cdrom</command> has "
1606 "been run on this disc before and did not detect any errors. Configuration "
1607 "Item: <literal>APT::CDROM::Fast</literal>."
1610 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1611 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:131
1612 msgid "<option>--thorough</option>"
1615 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1616 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:132
1618 "Thorough Package Scan; This option may be needed with some old Debian "
1619 "1.1/1.2 discs that have Package files in strange places. It takes much "
1620 "longer to scan the CD but will pick them all up."
1623 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1624 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:140 apt-get.8.xml:378
1625 msgid "<option>--just-print</option>"
1628 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1629 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:141 apt-get.8.xml:380
1630 msgid "<option>--recon</option>"
1633 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1634 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:142 apt-get.8.xml:381
1635 msgid "<option>--no-act</option>"
1638 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1639 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:143
1641 "No Changes; Do not change the &sources-list; file and do not write index "
1642 "files. Everything is still checked however. Configuration Item: "
1643 "<literal>APT::CDROM::NoAct</literal>."
1646 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1647 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:156
1648 msgid "&apt-conf;, &apt-get;, &sources-list;"
1651 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1652 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:161
1654 "<command>apt-cdrom</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal 100 "
1658 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
1659 #: apt-config.8.xml:22 apt-config.8.xml:29
1663 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
1664 #: apt-config.8.xml:30
1665 msgid "APT Configuration Query program"
1668 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsynopsisdiv><cmdsynopsis>
1669 #: apt-config.8.xml:36
1671 "<command>apt-config</command> <arg><option>-hv</option></arg> "
1672 "<arg><option>-o=<replaceable>config string</replaceable></option></arg> "
1673 "<arg><option>-c=<replaceable>file</replaceable></option></arg> <group "
1674 "choice=\"req\"> <arg>shell</arg> <arg>dump</arg> </group>"
1677 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1678 #: apt-config.8.xml:48
1680 "<command>apt-config</command> is an internal program used by various "
1681 "portions of the APT suite to provide consistent configurability. It accesses "
1682 "the main configuration file <filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf</filename> in a "
1683 "manner that is easy to use by scripted applications."
1686 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1687 #: apt-config.8.xml:53 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:71
1689 "Unless the <option>-h</option>, or <option>--help</option> option is given "
1690 "one of the commands below must be present."
1693 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1694 #: apt-config.8.xml:58
1698 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1699 #: apt-config.8.xml:60
1701 "shell is used to access the configuration information from a shell "
1702 "script. It is given pairs of arguments, the first being a shell variable and "
1703 "the second the configuration value to query. As output it lists a series of "
1704 "shell assignments commands for each present value. In a shell script it "
1705 "should be used like:"
1708 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><informalexample><programlisting>
1709 #: apt-config.8.xml:68
1713 "RES=`apt-config shell OPTS MyApp::options`\n"
1717 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1718 #: apt-config.8.xml:73
1720 "This will set the shell environment variable $OPTS to the value of "
1721 "MyApp::options with a default of <option>-f</option>."
1724 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1725 #: apt-config.8.xml:77
1727 "The configuration item may be postfixed with a /[fdbi]. f returns file "
1728 "names, d returns directories, b returns true or false and i returns an "
1729 "integer. Each of the returns is normalized and verified internally."
1732 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1733 #: apt-config.8.xml:86
1734 msgid "Just show the contents of the configuration space."
1737 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1738 #: apt-config.8.xml:104 apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:75 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:564 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:70
1742 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1743 #: apt-config.8.xml:109
1745 "<command>apt-config</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal 100 "
1749 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
1750 #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:22 apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:29
1751 msgid "apt-extracttemplates"
1754 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refmeta><manvolnum>
1755 #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:23 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:23 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:23
1759 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
1760 #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:30
1761 msgid "Utility to extract DebConf config and templates from Debian packages"
1764 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsynopsisdiv><cmdsynopsis>
1765 #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:36
1767 "<command>apt-extracttemplates</command> <arg><option>-hv</option></arg> "
1768 "<arg><option>-t=<replaceable>temporary "
1769 "directory</replaceable></option></arg> <arg choice=\"plain\" "
1770 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>file</replaceable></arg>"
1773 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1774 #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:44
1776 "<command>apt-extracttemplates</command> will take one or more Debian package "
1777 "files as input and write out (to a temporary directory) all associated "
1778 "config scripts and template files. For each passed in package that contains "
1779 "config scripts and templates, one line of output will be generated in the "
1783 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1784 #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:49
1785 msgid "package version template-file config-script"
1788 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1789 #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:50
1791 "template-file and config-script are written to the temporary directory "
1792 "specified by the -t or --tempdir "
1793 "(<literal>APT::ExtractTemplates::TempDir</literal>) directory, with "
1794 "filenames of the form <filename>package.template.XXXX</filename> and "
1795 "<filename>package.config.XXXX</filename>"
1798 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1799 #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:60 apt-get.8.xml:488
1800 msgid "<option>-t</option>"
1803 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1804 #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:60
1805 msgid "<option>--tempdir</option>"
1808 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1809 #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:62
1811 "Temporary directory in which to write extracted debconf template files and "
1812 "config scripts Configuration Item: "
1813 "<literal>APT::ExtractTemplates::TempDir</literal>"
1816 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1817 #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:79
1819 "<command>apt-extracttemplates</command> returns zero on normal operation, "
1820 "decimal 100 on error."
1823 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
1824 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:22 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:29
1825 msgid "apt-ftparchive"
1828 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
1829 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:30
1830 msgid "Utility to generate index files"
1833 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsynopsisdiv><cmdsynopsis>
1834 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:36
1836 "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> <arg><option>-hvdsq</option></arg> "
1837 "<arg><option>--md5</option></arg> <arg><option>--delink</option></arg> "
1838 "<arg><option>--readonly</option></arg> "
1839 "<arg><option>--contents</option></arg> <arg><option>-o=<replaceable>config "
1840 "string</replaceable></option></arg> "
1841 "<arg><option>-c=<replaceable>file</replaceable></option></arg> <group "
1842 "choice=\"req\"> <arg>packages<arg choice=\"plain\" "
1843 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>path</replaceable></arg><arg><replaceable>override</replaceable><arg><replaceable>pathprefix</replaceable></arg></arg></arg> "
1844 "<arg>sources<arg choice=\"plain\" "
1845 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>path</replaceable></arg><arg><replaceable>override</replaceable><arg><replaceable>pathprefix</replaceable></arg></arg></arg> "
1846 "<arg>contents <arg "
1847 "choice=\"plain\"><replaceable>path</replaceable></arg></arg> <arg>release "
1848 "<arg choice=\"plain\"><replaceable>path</replaceable></arg></arg> "
1849 "<arg>generate <arg "
1850 "choice=\"plain\"><replaceable>config-file</replaceable></arg> <arg "
1852 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>section</replaceable></arg></arg> <arg>clean "
1853 "<arg choice=\"plain\"><replaceable>config-file</replaceable></arg></arg> "
1857 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1858 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:56
1860 "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> is the command line tool that generates "
1861 "the index files that APT uses to access a distribution source. The index "
1862 "files should be generated on the origin site based on the content of that "
1866 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1867 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:60
1869 "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> is a superset of the &dpkg-scanpackages; "
1870 "program, incorporating its entire functionality via the "
1871 "<literal>packages</literal> command. It also contains a contents file "
1872 "generator, <literal>contents</literal>, and an elaborate means to 'script' "
1873 "the generation process for a complete archive."
1876 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1877 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:66
1879 "Internally <command>apt-ftparchive</command> can make use of binary "
1880 "databases to cache the contents of a .deb file and it does not rely on any "
1881 "external programs aside from &gzip;. When doing a full generate it "
1882 "automatically performs file-change checks and builds the desired compressed "
1886 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1887 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:75
1891 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1892 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:77
1894 "The packages command generates a package file from a directory tree. It "
1895 "takes the given directory and recursively searches it for .deb files, "
1896 "emitting a package record to stdout for each. This command is approximately "
1897 "equivalent to &dpkg-scanpackages;."
1900 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1901 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:82 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:106
1902 msgid "The option <option>--db</option> can be used to specify a binary caching DB."
1905 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1906 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:85
1910 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1911 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:87
1913 "The <literal>sources</literal> command generates a source index file from a "
1914 "directory tree. It takes the given directory and recursively searches it "
1915 "for .dsc files, emitting a source record to stdout for each. This command is "
1916 "approximately equivalent to &dpkg-scansources;."
1919 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1920 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:92
1922 "If an override file is specified then a source override file will be looked "
1923 "for with an extension of .src. The --source-override option can be used to "
1924 "change the source override file that will be used."
1927 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1928 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:97
1932 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1933 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:99
1935 "The <literal>contents</literal> command generates a contents file from a "
1936 "directory tree. It takes the given directory and recursively searches it for "
1937 ".deb files, and reads the file list from each file. It then sorts and writes "
1938 "to stdout the list of files matched to packages. Directories are not written "
1939 "to the output. If multiple packages own the same file then each package is "
1940 "separated by a comma in the output."
1943 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1944 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:109
1948 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1949 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:111
1951 "The <literal>release</literal> command generates a Release file from a "
1952 "directory tree. It recursively searches the given directory for Packages, "
1953 "Packages.gz, Packages.bz2, Sources, Sources.gz, Sources.bz2, Release and "
1954 "md5sum.txt files. It then writes to stdout a Release file containing an MD5 "
1955 "digest and SHA1 digest for each file."
1958 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1959 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:118
1961 "Values for the additional metadata fields in the Release file are taken from "
1962 "the corresponding variables under "
1963 "<literal>APT::FTPArchive::Release</literal>, "
1964 "e.g. <literal>APT::FTPArchive::Release::Origin</literal>. The supported "
1965 "fields are: <literal>Origin</literal>, <literal>Label</literal>, "
1966 "<literal>Suite</literal>, <literal>Version</literal>, "
1967 "<literal>Codename</literal>, <literal>Date</literal>, "
1968 "<literal>Architectures</literal>, <literal>Components</literal>, "
1969 "<literal>Description</literal>."
1972 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1973 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:128
1977 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1978 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:130
1980 "The <literal>generate</literal> command is designed to be runnable from a "
1981 "cron script and builds indexes according to the given config file. The "
1982 "config language provides a flexible means of specifying which index files "
1983 "are built from which directories, as well as providing a simple means of "
1984 "maintaining the required settings."
1987 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1988 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:137 apt-get.8.xml:292
1992 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1993 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:139
1995 "The <literal>clean</literal> command tidies the databases used by the given "
1996 "configuration file by removing any records that are no longer necessary."
1999 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
2000 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:145
2001 msgid "The Generate Configuration"
2004 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
2005 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:147
2007 "The <literal>generate</literal> command uses a configuration file to "
2008 "describe the archives that are going to be generated. It follows the typical "
2009 "ISC configuration format as seen in ISC tools like bind 8 and dhcpd. "
2010 "&apt-conf; contains a description of the syntax. Note that the generate "
2011 "configuration is parsed in sectional manner, but &apt-conf; is parsed in a "
2012 "tree manner. This only effects how the scope tag is handled."
2015 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
2016 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:155
2017 msgid "The generate configuration has 4 separate sections, each described below."
2020 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
2021 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:157
2025 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
2026 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:159
2028 "The <literal>Dir</literal> section defines the standard directories needed "
2029 "to locate the files required during the generation process. These "
2030 "directories are prepended to certain relative paths defined in later "
2031 "sections to produce a complete an absolute path."
2034 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2035 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:164
2039 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2040 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:166
2042 "Specifies the root of the FTP archive, in a standard Debian configuration "
2043 "this is the directory that contains the <filename>ls-LR</filename> and dist "
2047 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2048 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:171
2052 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2053 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:173
2054 msgid "Specifies the location of the override files."
2057 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2058 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:176
2062 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2063 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:178
2064 msgid "Specifies the location of the cache files"
2067 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2068 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:181
2072 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2073 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:183
2075 "Specifies the location of the file list files, if the "
2076 "<literal>FileList</literal> setting is used below."
2079 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
2080 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:189
2081 msgid "Default Section"
2084 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
2085 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:191
2087 "The <literal>Default</literal> section specifies default values, and "
2088 "settings that control the operation of the generator. Other sections may "
2089 "override these defaults with a per-section setting."
2092 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2093 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:195
2094 msgid "Packages::Compress"
2097 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2098 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:197
2100 "Sets the default compression schemes to use for the Package index files. It "
2101 "is a string that contains a space separated list of at least one of: '.' (no "
2102 "compression), 'gzip' and 'bzip2'. The default for all compression schemes is "
2106 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2107 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:203
2108 msgid "Packages::Extensions"
2111 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2112 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:205
2114 "Sets the default list of file extensions that are package files. This "
2115 "defaults to '.deb'."
2118 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2119 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:209
2120 msgid "Sources::Compress"
2123 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2124 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:211
2126 "This is similar to <literal>Packages::Compress</literal> except that it "
2127 "controls the compression for the Sources files."
2130 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2131 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:215
2132 msgid "Sources::Extensions"
2135 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2136 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:217
2138 "Sets the default list of file extensions that are source files. This "
2139 "defaults to '.dsc'."
2142 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2143 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:221
2144 msgid "Contents::Compress"
2147 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2148 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:223
2150 "This is similar to <literal>Packages::Compress</literal> except that it "
2151 "controls the compression for the Contents files."
2154 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2155 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:227
2159 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2160 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:229
2162 "Specifies the number of kilobytes to delink (and replace with hard links) "
2163 "per run. This is used in conjunction with the per-section "
2164 "<literal>External-Links</literal> setting."
2167 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2168 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:234
2172 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2173 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:236
2175 "Specifies the mode of all created index files. It defaults to 0644. All "
2176 "index files are set to this mode with no regard to the umask."
2179 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
2180 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:243
2181 msgid "TreeDefault Section"
2184 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
2185 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:245
2187 "Sets defaults specific to <literal>Tree</literal> sections. All of these "
2188 "variables are substitution variables and have the strings $(DIST), "
2189 "$(SECTION) and $(ARCH) replaced with their respective values."
2192 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2193 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:250
2194 msgid "MaxContentsChange"
2197 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2198 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:252
2200 "Sets the number of kilobytes of contents files that are generated each "
2201 "day. The contents files are round-robined so that over several days they "
2202 "will all be rebuilt."
2205 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2206 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:257
2210 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2211 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:259
2213 "Controls the number of days a contents file is allowed to be checked without "
2214 "changing. If this limit is passed the mtime of the contents file is "
2215 "updated. This case can occur if the package file is changed in such a way "
2216 "that does not result in a new contents file [override edit for instance]. A "
2217 "hold off is allowed in hopes that new .debs will be installed, requiring a "
2218 "new file anyhow. The default is 10, the units are in days."
2221 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2222 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:268
2226 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2227 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:270
2229 "Sets the top of the .deb directory tree. Defaults to "
2230 "<filename>$(DIST)/$(SECTION)/binary-$(ARCH)/</filename>"
2233 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2234 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:274
2235 msgid "SrcDirectory"
2238 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2239 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:276
2241 "Sets the top of the source package directory tree. Defaults to "
2242 "<filename>$(DIST)/$(SECTION)/source/</filename>"
2245 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2246 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:280 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:406
2250 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2251 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:282
2253 "Sets the output Packages file. Defaults to "
2254 "<filename>$(DIST)/$(SECTION)/binary-$(ARCH)/Packages</filename>"
2257 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2258 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:286 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:411
2262 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2263 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:288
2265 "Sets the output Packages file. Defaults to "
2266 "<filename>$(DIST)/$(SECTION)/source/Sources</filename>"
2269 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2270 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:292
2271 msgid "InternalPrefix"
2274 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2275 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:294
2277 "Sets the path prefix that causes a symlink to be considered an internal link "
2278 "instead of an external link. Defaults to "
2279 "<filename>$(DIST)/$(SECTION)/</filename>"
2282 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2283 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:299 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:417
2287 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2288 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:301
2290 "Sets the output Contents file. Defaults to "
2291 "<filename>$(DIST)/Contents-$(ARCH)</filename>. If this setting causes "
2292 "multiple Packages files to map onto a single Contents file (such as the "
2293 "default) then <command>apt-ftparchive</command> will integrate those "
2294 "package files together automatically."
2297 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2298 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:308
2299 msgid "Contents::Header"
2302 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2303 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:310
2304 msgid "Sets header file to prepend to the contents output."
2307 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2308 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:313 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:442
2312 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2313 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:315
2315 "Sets the binary cache database to use for this section. Multiple sections "
2316 "can share the same database."
2319 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2320 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:319
2324 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2325 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:321
2327 "Specifies that instead of walking the directory tree, "
2328 "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> should read the list of files from the "
2329 "given file. Relative files names are prefixed with the archive directory."
2332 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2333 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:326
2334 msgid "SourceFileList"
2337 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2338 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:328
2340 "Specifies that instead of walking the directory tree, "
2341 "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> should read the list of files from the "
2342 "given file. Relative files names are prefixed with the archive directory. "
2343 "This is used when processing source indexes."
2346 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
2347 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:336
2348 msgid "Tree Section"
2351 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
2352 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:338
2354 "The <literal>Tree</literal> section defines a standard Debian file tree "
2355 "which consists of a base directory, then multiple sections in that base "
2356 "directory and finally multiple Architectures in each section. The exact "
2357 "pathing used is defined by the <literal>Directory</literal> substitution "
2361 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
2362 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:343
2364 "The <literal>Tree</literal> section takes a scope tag which sets the "
2365 "<literal>$(DIST)</literal> variable and defines the root of the tree (the "
2366 "path is prefixed by <literal>ArchiveDir</literal>). Typically this is a "
2367 "setting such as <filename>dists/woody</filename>."
2370 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
2371 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:348
2373 "All of the settings defined in the <literal>TreeDefault</literal> section "
2374 "can be use in a <literal>Tree</literal> section as well as three new "
2378 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
2379 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:351
2381 "When processing a <literal>Tree</literal> section "
2382 "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> performs an operation similar to:"
2385 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><informalexample><programlisting>
2386 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:354
2389 "for i in Sections do \n"
2390 " for j in Architectures do\n"
2391 " Generate for DIST=scope SECTION=i ARCH=j\n"
2394 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2395 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:360
2399 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2400 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:362
2402 "This is a space separated list of sections which appear under the "
2403 "distribution, typically this is something like <literal>main contrib "
2404 "non-free</literal>"
2407 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2408 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:367
2409 msgid "Architectures"
2412 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2413 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:369
2415 "This is a space separated list of all the architectures that appear under "
2416 "search section. The special architecture 'source' is used to indicate that "
2417 "this tree has a source archive."
2420 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2421 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:374 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:422
2425 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2426 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:376
2428 "Sets the binary override file. The override file contains section, priority "
2429 "and maintainer address information."
2432 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2433 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:380 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:427
2437 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2438 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:382
2440 "Sets the source override file. The override file contains section "
2444 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2445 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:386 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:432
2446 msgid "ExtraOverride"
2449 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2450 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:388 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:434
2451 msgid "Sets the binary extra override file."
2454 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2455 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:391 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:437
2456 msgid "SrcExtraOverride"
2459 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2460 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:393 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:439
2461 msgid "Sets the source extra override file."
2464 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
2465 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:398
2466 msgid "BinDirectory Section"
2469 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
2470 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:400
2472 "The <literal>bindirectory</literal> section defines a binary directory tree "
2473 "with no special structure. The scope tag specifies the location of the "
2474 "binary directory and the settings are similar to the <literal>Tree</literal> "
2475 "section with no substitution variables or "
2476 "<literal>Section</literal><literal>Architecture</literal> settings."
2479 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2480 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:408
2481 msgid "Sets the Packages file output."
2484 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2485 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:413
2487 "Sets the Sources file output. At least one of <literal>Packages</literal> or "
2488 "<literal>Sources</literal> is required."
2491 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2492 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:419
2493 msgid "Sets the Contents file output. (optional)"
2496 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2497 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:424
2498 msgid "Sets the binary override file."
2501 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2502 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:429
2503 msgid "Sets the source override file."
2506 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2507 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:444
2508 msgid "Sets the cache DB."
2511 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2512 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:447
2516 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2517 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:449
2518 msgid "Appends a path to all the output paths."
2521 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2522 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:452
2523 msgid "FileList, SourceFileList"
2526 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2527 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:454
2528 msgid "Specifies the file list file."
2531 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
2532 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:461
2533 msgid "The Binary Override File"
2536 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
2537 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:462
2539 "The binary override file is fully compatible with &dpkg-scanpackages;. It "
2540 "contains 4 fields separated by spaces. The first field is the package name, "
2541 "the second is the priority to force that package to, the third is the the "
2542 "section to force that package to and the final field is the maintainer "
2543 "permutation field."
2546 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><literallayout>
2547 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:468
2549 msgid "old [// oldn]* => new"
2552 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><literallayout>
2553 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:470
2558 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
2559 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:467
2561 "The general form of the maintainer field is: <placeholder "
2562 "type=\"literallayout\" id=\"0\"/> or simply, <placeholder "
2563 "type=\"literallayout\" id=\"1\"/> The first form allows a double-slash "
2564 "separated list of old email addresses to be specified. If any of those are "
2565 "found then new is substituted for the maintainer field. The second form "
2566 "unconditionally substitutes the maintainer field."
2569 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
2570 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:478
2571 msgid "The Source Override File"
2574 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
2575 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:480
2577 "The source override file is fully compatible with &dpkg-scansources;. It "
2578 "contains 2 fields separated by spaces. The first fields is the source "
2579 "package name, the second is the section to assign it."
2582 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
2583 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:485
2584 msgid "The Extra Override File"
2587 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
2588 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:487
2590 "The extra override file allows any arbitrary tag to be added or replaced in "
2591 "the output. It has 3 columns, the first is the package, the second is the "
2592 "tag and the remainder of the line is the new value."
2595 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2596 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:496
2597 msgid "<option>--md5</option>"
2600 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2601 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:498
2603 "Generate MD5 sums. This defaults to on, when turned off the generated index "
2604 "files will not have MD5Sum fields where possible. Configuration Item: "
2605 "<literal>APT::FTPArchive::MD5</literal>"
2608 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2609 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:503
2610 msgid "<option>--db</option>"
2613 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2614 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:505
2616 "Use a binary caching DB. This has no effect on the generate command. "
2617 "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::FTPArchive::DB</literal>."
2620 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2621 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:511
2623 "Quiet; produces output suitable for logging, omitting progress indicators. "
2624 "More q's will produce more quiet up to a maximum of 2. You can also use "
2625 "<option>-q=#</option> to set the quiet level, overriding the configuration "
2626 "file. Configuration Item: <literal>quiet</literal>."
2629 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2630 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:517
2631 msgid "<option>--delink</option>"
2634 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2635 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:519
2637 "Perform Delinking. If the <literal>External-Links</literal> setting is used "
2638 "then this option actually enables delinking of the files. It defaults to on "
2639 "and can be turned off with <option>--no-delink</option>. Configuration "
2640 "Item: <literal>APT::FTPArchive::DeLinkAct</literal>."
2643 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2644 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:525
2645 msgid "<option>--contents</option>"
2648 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2649 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:527
2651 "Perform contents generation. When this option is set and package indexes are "
2652 "being generated with a cache DB then the file listing will also be extracted "
2653 "and stored in the DB for later use. When using the generate command this "
2654 "option also allows the creation of any Contents files. The default is on. "
2655 "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::FTPArchive::Contents</literal>."
2658 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2659 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:535
2660 msgid "<option>--source-override</option>"
2663 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2664 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:537
2666 "Select the source override file to use with the <literal>sources</literal> "
2667 "command. Configuration Item: "
2668 "<literal>APT::FTPArchive::SourceOverride</literal>."
2671 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2672 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:541
2673 msgid "<option>--readonly</option>"
2676 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2677 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:543
2679 "Make the caching databases read only. Configuration Item: "
2680 "<literal>APT::FTPArchive::ReadOnlyDB</literal>."
2683 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
2684 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:552 apt.conf.5.xml:962 apt_preferences.5.xml:462 sources.list.5.xml:181
2688 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><programlisting>
2689 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:558
2692 "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> packages "
2693 "<replaceable>directory</replaceable> | <command>gzip</command> > "
2694 "<filename>Packages.gz</filename>\n"
2697 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
2698 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:554
2700 "To create a compressed Packages file for a directory containing binary "
2701 "packages (.deb): <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>"
2704 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
2705 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:568
2707 "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal "
2711 #. The last update date
2712 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refentryinfo>
2715 "&apt-author.jgunthorpe; &apt-author.team; &apt-email; &apt-product; <date>08 "
2716 "November 2008</date>"
2719 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
2720 #: apt-get.8.xml:22 apt-get.8.xml:29
2724 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
2726 msgid "APT package handling utility -- command-line interface"
2729 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsynopsisdiv><cmdsynopsis>
2732 "<command>apt-get</command> <arg><option>-sqdyfmubV</option></arg> <arg> "
2733 "<option>-o= <replaceable>config_string</replaceable> </option> </arg> <arg> "
2734 "<option>-c= <replaceable>config_file</replaceable> </option> </arg> <arg> "
2735 "<option>-t=</option> <group choice='req'> <arg choice='plain'> "
2736 "<replaceable>target_release_name</replaceable> </arg> <arg choice='plain'> "
2737 "<replaceable>target_release_number_expression</replaceable> </arg> <arg "
2738 "choice='plain'> <replaceable>target_release_codename</replaceable> </arg> "
2739 "</group> </arg> <group choice=\"req\"> <arg choice='plain'>update</arg> <arg "
2740 "choice='plain'>upgrade</arg> <arg choice='plain'>dselect-upgrade</arg> <arg "
2741 "choice='plain'>dist-upgrade</arg> <arg choice='plain'>install <arg "
2742 "choice=\"plain\" rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkg</replaceable> <arg> <group "
2743 "choice='req'> <arg choice='plain'> "
2744 "=<replaceable>pkg_version_number</replaceable> </arg> <arg choice='plain'> "
2745 "/<replaceable>target_release_name</replaceable> </arg> <arg choice='plain'> "
2746 "/<replaceable>target_release_codename</replaceable> </arg> </group> </arg> "
2747 "</arg> </arg> <arg choice='plain'>remove <arg choice=\"plain\" "
2748 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkg</replaceable></arg></arg> <arg "
2749 "choice='plain'>purge <arg choice=\"plain\" "
2750 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkg</replaceable></arg></arg> <arg "
2751 "choice='plain'>source <arg choice=\"plain\" "
2752 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkg</replaceable> <arg> <group choice='req'> "
2753 "<arg choice='plain'> =<replaceable>pkg_version_number</replaceable> </arg> "
2754 "<arg choice='plain'> /<replaceable>target_release_name</replaceable> </arg> "
2755 "<arg choice='plain'> /<replaceable>target_release_codename</replaceable> "
2756 "</arg> </group> </arg> </arg> </arg> <arg choice='plain'>build-dep <arg "
2757 "choice=\"plain\" rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkg</replaceable></arg></arg> "
2758 "<arg choice='plain'>check</arg> <arg choice='plain'>clean</arg> <arg "
2759 "choice='plain'>autoclean</arg> <arg choice='plain'>autoremove</arg> <arg "
2760 "choice='plain'> <group choice='req'> <arg choice='plain'>-v</arg> <arg "
2761 "choice='plain'>--version</arg> </group> </arg> <arg choice='plain'> <group "
2762 "choice='req'> <arg choice='plain'>-h</arg> <arg choice='plain'>--help</arg> "
2763 "</group> </arg> </group>"
2766 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
2767 #: apt-get.8.xml:126
2769 "<command>apt-get</command> is the command-line tool for handling packages, "
2770 "and may be considered the user's \"back-end\" to other tools using the APT "
2771 "library. Several \"front-end\" interfaces exist, such as &dselect;, "
2772 "&aptitude;, &synaptic;, &gnome-apt; and &wajig;."
2775 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2776 #: apt-get.8.xml:135 apt-key.8.xml:123
2780 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2781 #: apt-get.8.xml:136
2783 "<literal>update</literal> is used to resynchronize the package index files "
2784 "from their sources. The indexes of available packages are fetched from the "
2785 "location(s) specified in <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename>. For "
2786 "example, when using a Debian archive, this command retrieves and scans the "
2787 "<filename>Packages.gz</filename> files, so that information about new and "
2788 "updated packages is available. An <literal>update</literal> should always be "
2789 "performed before an <literal>upgrade</literal> or "
2790 "<literal>dist-upgrade</literal>. Please be aware that the overall progress "
2791 "meter will be incorrect as the size of the package files cannot be known in "
2795 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2796 #: apt-get.8.xml:147
2800 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2801 #: apt-get.8.xml:148
2803 "<literal>upgrade</literal> is used to install the newest versions of all "
2804 "packages currently installed on the system from the sources enumerated in "
2805 "<filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename>. Packages currently installed "
2806 "with new versions available are retrieved and upgraded; under no "
2807 "circumstances are currently installed packages removed, or packages not "
2808 "already installed retrieved and installed. New versions of currently "
2809 "installed packages that cannot be upgraded without changing the install "
2810 "status of another package will be left at their current version. An "
2811 "<literal>update</literal> must be performed first so that "
2812 "<command>apt-get</command> knows that new versions of packages are "
2816 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2817 #: apt-get.8.xml:160
2818 msgid "dselect-upgrade"
2821 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2822 #: apt-get.8.xml:161
2824 "<literal>dselect-upgrade</literal> is used in conjunction with the "
2825 "traditional Debian packaging front-end, "
2826 "&dselect;. <literal>dselect-upgrade</literal> follows the changes made by "
2827 "&dselect; to the <literal>Status</literal> field of available packages, and "
2828 "performs the actions necessary to realize that state (for instance, the "
2829 "removal of old and the installation of new packages)."
2832 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2833 #: apt-get.8.xml:170
2834 msgid "dist-upgrade"
2837 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2838 #: apt-get.8.xml:171
2840 "<literal>dist-upgrade</literal> in addition to performing the function of "
2841 "<literal>upgrade</literal>, also intelligently handles changing dependencies "
2842 "with new versions of packages; <command>apt-get</command> has a \"smart\" "
2843 "conflict resolution system, and it will attempt to upgrade the most "
2844 "important packages at the expense of less important ones if necessary. So, "
2845 "<literal>dist-upgrade</literal> command may remove some packages. The "
2846 "<filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename> file contains a list of locations "
2847 "from which to retrieve desired package files. See also &apt-preferences; "
2848 "for a mechanism for overriding the general settings for individual packages."
2851 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2852 #: apt-get.8.xml:183
2856 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2857 #: apt-get.8.xml:185
2859 "<literal>install</literal> is followed by one or more packages desired for "
2860 "installation or upgrading. Each package is a package name, not a fully "
2861 "qualified filename (for instance, in a Debian GNU/Linux system, libc6 would "
2862 "be the argument provided, not <literal>libc6_1.9.6-2.deb</literal>). All "
2863 "packages required by the package(s) specified for installation will also be "
2864 "retrieved and installed. The <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename> "
2865 "file is used to locate the desired packages. If a hyphen is appended to the "
2866 "package name (with no intervening space), the identified package will be "
2867 "removed if it is installed. Similarly a plus sign can be used to designate "
2868 "a package to install. These latter features may be used to override "
2869 "decisions made by apt-get's conflict resolution system."
2872 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2873 #: apt-get.8.xml:203
2875 "A specific version of a package can be selected for installation by "
2876 "following the package name with an equals and the version of the package to "
2877 "select. This will cause that version to be located and selected for "
2878 "install. Alternatively a specific distribution can be selected by following "
2879 "the package name with a slash and the version of the distribution or the "
2880 "Archive name (stable, testing, unstable)."
2883 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2884 #: apt-get.8.xml:210
2886 "Both of the version selection mechanisms can downgrade packages and must be "
2890 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2891 #: apt-get.8.xml:213
2893 "This is also the target to use if you want to upgrade one or more "
2894 "already-installed packages without upgrading every package you have on your "
2895 "system. Unlike the \"upgrade\" target, which installs the newest version of "
2896 "all currently installed packages, \"install\" will install the newest "
2897 "version of only the package(s) specified. Simply provide the name of the "
2898 "package(s) you wish to upgrade, and if a newer version is available, it (and "
2899 "its dependencies, as described above) will be downloaded and installed."
2902 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2903 #: apt-get.8.xml:224
2905 "Finally, the &apt-preferences; mechanism allows you to create an alternative "
2906 "installation policy for individual packages."
2909 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2910 #: apt-get.8.xml:228
2912 "If no package matches the given expression and the expression contains one "
2913 "of '.', '?' or '*' then it is assumed to be a POSIX regular expression, and "
2914 "it is applied to all package names in the database. Any matches are then "
2915 "installed (or removed). Note that matching is done by substring so 'lo.*' "
2916 "matches 'how-lo' and 'lowest'. If this is undesired, anchor the regular "
2917 "expression with a '^' or '$' character, or create a more specific regular "
2921 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2922 #: apt-get.8.xml:237
2926 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2927 #: apt-get.8.xml:238
2929 "<literal>remove</literal> is identical to <literal>install</literal> except "
2930 "that packages are removed instead of installed. Note the removing a package "
2931 "leaves its configuration files in system. If a plus sign is appended to the "
2932 "package name (with no intervening space), the identified package will be "
2933 "installed instead of removed."
2936 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2937 #: apt-get.8.xml:245
2941 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2942 #: apt-get.8.xml:246
2944 "<literal>purge</literal> is identical to <literal>remove</literal> except "
2945 "that packages are removed and purged (any configuration files are deleted "
2949 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2950 #: apt-get.8.xml:250
2954 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2955 #: apt-get.8.xml:251
2957 "<literal>source</literal> causes <command>apt-get</command> to fetch source "
2958 "packages. APT will examine the available packages to decide which source "
2959 "package to fetch. It will then find and download into the current directory "
2960 "the newest available version of that source package while respect the "
2961 "default release, set with the option "
2962 "<literal>APT::Default-Release</literal>, the <option>-t</option> option or "
2963 "per package with with the <literal>pkg/release</literal> syntax, if "
2967 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2968 #: apt-get.8.xml:259
2970 "Source packages are tracked separately from binary packages via "
2971 "<literal>deb-src</literal> type lines in the &sources-list; file. This means "
2972 "that you will need to add such a line for each repository you want to get "
2973 "sources from. If you don't do this you will properly get another (newer, "
2974 "older or none) source version than the one you have installed or could "
2978 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2979 #: apt-get.8.xml:266
2981 "If the <option>--compile</option> options is specified then the package will "
2982 "be compiled to a binary .deb using <command>dpkg-buildpackage</command>, if "
2983 "<option>--download-only</option> is specified then the source package will "
2987 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2988 #: apt-get.8.xml:271
2990 "A specific source version can be retrieved by postfixing the source name "
2991 "with an equals and then the version to fetch, similar to the mechanism used "
2992 "for the package files. This enables exact matching of the source package "
2993 "name and version, implicitly enabling the "
2994 "<literal>APT::Get::Only-Source</literal> option."
2997 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2998 #: apt-get.8.xml:277
3000 "Note that source packages are not tracked like binary packages, they exist "
3001 "only in the current directory and are similar to downloading source tar "
3005 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3006 #: apt-get.8.xml:282
3010 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3011 #: apt-get.8.xml:283
3013 "<literal>build-dep</literal> causes apt-get to install/remove packages in an "
3014 "attempt to satisfy the build dependencies for a source package."
3017 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3018 #: apt-get.8.xml:287
3022 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3023 #: apt-get.8.xml:288
3025 "<literal>check</literal> is a diagnostic tool; it updates the package cache "
3026 "and checks for broken dependencies."
3029 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3030 #: apt-get.8.xml:293
3032 "<literal>clean</literal> clears out the local repository of retrieved "
3033 "package files. It removes everything but the lock file from "
3034 "<filename>&cachedir;/archives/</filename> and "
3035 "<filename>&cachedir;/archives/partial/</filename>. When APT is used as a "
3036 "&dselect; method, <literal>clean</literal> is run automatically. Those who "
3037 "do not use dselect will likely want to run <literal>apt-get clean</literal> "
3038 "from time to time to free up disk space."
3041 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3042 #: apt-get.8.xml:302
3046 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3047 #: apt-get.8.xml:303
3049 "Like <literal>clean</literal>, <literal>autoclean</literal> clears out the "
3050 "local repository of retrieved package files. The difference is that it only "
3051 "removes package files that can no longer be downloaded, and are largely "
3052 "useless. This allows a cache to be maintained over a long period without it "
3053 "growing out of control. The configuration option "
3054 "<literal>APT::Clean-Installed</literal> will prevent installed packages from "
3055 "being erased if it is set to off."
3058 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3059 #: apt-get.8.xml:312
3063 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3064 #: apt-get.8.xml:313
3066 "<literal>autoremove</literal> is used to remove packages that were "
3067 "automatically installed to satisfy dependencies for some package and that "
3068 "are no more needed."
3071 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3072 #: apt-get.8.xml:323 apt-get.8.xml:429
3073 msgid "<option>--no-install-recommends</option>"
3076 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3077 #: apt-get.8.xml:324
3079 "Do not consider recommended packages as a dependency for installing. "
3080 "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Install-Recommends</literal>."
3083 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3084 #: apt-get.8.xml:328
3085 msgid "<option>--download-only</option>"
3088 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3089 #: apt-get.8.xml:329
3091 "Download only; package files are only retrieved, not unpacked or installed. "
3092 "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Download-Only</literal>."
3095 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3096 #: apt-get.8.xml:333
3097 msgid "<option>--fix-broken</option>"
3100 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3101 #: apt-get.8.xml:334
3103 "Fix; attempt to correct a system with broken dependencies in place. This "
3104 "option, when used with install/remove, can omit any packages to permit APT "
3105 "to deduce a likely solution. Any Package that are specified must completely "
3106 "correct the problem. The option is sometimes necessary when running APT for "
3107 "the first time; APT itself does not allow broken package dependencies to "
3108 "exist on a system. It is possible that a system's dependency structure can "
3109 "be so corrupt as to require manual intervention (which usually means using "
3110 "&dselect; or <command>dpkg --remove</command> to eliminate some of the "
3111 "offending packages). Use of this option together with <option>-m</option> "
3112 "may produce an error in some situations. Configuration Item: "
3113 "<literal>APT::Get::Fix-Broken</literal>."
3116 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3117 #: apt-get.8.xml:347
3118 msgid "<option>--ignore-missing</option>"
3121 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3122 #: apt-get.8.xml:348
3123 msgid "<option>--fix-missing</option>"
3126 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3127 #: apt-get.8.xml:349
3129 "Ignore missing packages; If packages cannot be retrieved or fail the "
3130 "integrity check after retrieval (corrupted package files), hold back those "
3131 "packages and handle the result. Use of this option together with "
3132 "<option>-f</option> may produce an error in some situations. If a package is "
3133 "selected for installation (particularly if it is mentioned on the command "
3134 "line) and it could not be downloaded then it will be silently held back. "
3135 "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Fix-Missing</literal>."
3138 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3139 #: apt-get.8.xml:359
3140 msgid "<option>--no-download</option>"
3143 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3144 #: apt-get.8.xml:360
3146 "Disables downloading of packages. This is best used with "
3147 "<option>--ignore-missing</option> to force APT to use only the .debs it has "
3148 "already downloaded. Configuration Item: "
3149 "<literal>APT::Get::Download</literal>."
3152 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3153 #: apt-get.8.xml:367
3155 "Quiet; produces output suitable for logging, omitting progress indicators. "
3156 "More q's will produce more quiet up to a maximum of 2. You can also use "
3157 "<option>-q=#</option> to set the quiet level, overriding the configuration "
3158 "file. Note that quiet level 2 implies <option>-y</option>, you should never "
3159 "use -qq without a no-action modifier such as -d, --print-uris or -s as APT "
3160 "may decided to do something you did not expect. Configuration Item: "
3161 "<literal>quiet</literal>."
3164 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3165 #: apt-get.8.xml:377
3166 msgid "<option>--simulate</option>"
3169 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3170 #: apt-get.8.xml:379
3171 msgid "<option>--dry-run</option>"
3174 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3175 #: apt-get.8.xml:382
3177 "No action; perform a simulation of events that would occur but do not "
3178 "actually change the system. Configuration Item: "
3179 "<literal>APT::Get::Simulate</literal>."
3182 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3183 #: apt-get.8.xml:386
3185 "Simulation run as user will deactivate locking "
3186 "(<literal>Debug::NoLocking</literal>) automatic. Also a notice will be "
3187 "displayed indicating that this is only a simulation, if the option "
3188 "<literal>APT::Get::Show-User-Simulation-Note</literal> is set (Default: "
3189 "true). Neither NoLocking nor the notice will be triggered if run as root "
3190 "(root should know what he is doing without further warnings by "
3191 "<literal>apt-get</literal>)."
3194 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3195 #: apt-get.8.xml:392
3197 "Simulate prints out a series of lines each one representing a dpkg "
3198 "operation, Configure (Conf), Remove (Remv), Unpack (Inst). Square brackets "
3199 "indicate broken packages with and empty set of square brackets meaning "
3200 "breaks that are of no consequence (rare)."
3203 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3204 #: apt-get.8.xml:399
3205 msgid "<option>-y</option>"
3208 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3209 #: apt-get.8.xml:399
3210 msgid "<option>--yes</option>"
3213 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3214 #: apt-get.8.xml:400
3215 msgid "<option>--assume-yes</option>"
3218 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3219 #: apt-get.8.xml:401
3221 "Automatic yes to prompts; assume \"yes\" as answer to all prompts and run "
3222 "non-interactively. If an undesirable situation, such as changing a held "
3223 "package, trying to install a unauthenticated package or removing an "
3224 "essential package occurs then <literal>apt-get</literal> will abort. "
3225 "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Assume-Yes</literal>."
3228 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3229 #: apt-get.8.xml:408
3230 msgid "<option>-u</option>"
3233 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3234 #: apt-get.8.xml:408
3235 msgid "<option>--show-upgraded</option>"
3238 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3239 #: apt-get.8.xml:409
3241 "Show upgraded packages; Print out a list of all packages that are to be "
3242 "upgraded. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Show-Upgraded</literal>."
3245 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3246 #: apt-get.8.xml:414
3247 msgid "<option>-V</option>"
3250 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3251 #: apt-get.8.xml:414
3252 msgid "<option>--verbose-versions</option>"
3255 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3256 #: apt-get.8.xml:415
3258 "Show full versions for upgraded and installed packages. Configuration Item: "
3259 "<literal>APT::Get::Show-Versions</literal>."
3262 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3263 #: apt-get.8.xml:419
3264 msgid "<option>-b</option>"
3267 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3268 #: apt-get.8.xml:419
3269 msgid "<option>--compile</option>"
3272 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3273 #: apt-get.8.xml:420
3274 msgid "<option>--build</option>"
3277 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3278 #: apt-get.8.xml:421
3280 "Compile source packages after downloading them. Configuration Item: "
3281 "<literal>APT::Get::Compile</literal>."
3284 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3285 #: apt-get.8.xml:425
3286 msgid "<option>--install-recommends</option>"
3289 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3290 #: apt-get.8.xml:426
3291 msgid "Also install recommended packages."
3294 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3295 #: apt-get.8.xml:430
3296 msgid "Do not install recommended packages."
3299 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3300 #: apt-get.8.xml:433
3301 msgid "<option>--ignore-hold</option>"
3304 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3305 #: apt-get.8.xml:434
3307 "Ignore package Holds; This causes <command>apt-get</command> to ignore a "
3308 "hold placed on a package. This may be useful in conjunction with "
3309 "<literal>dist-upgrade</literal> to override a large number of undesired "
3310 "holds. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Ignore-Hold</literal>."
3313 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3314 #: apt-get.8.xml:440
3315 msgid "<option>--no-upgrade</option>"
3318 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3319 #: apt-get.8.xml:441
3321 "Do not upgrade packages; When used in conjunction with "
3322 "<literal>install</literal>, <literal>no-upgrade</literal> will prevent "
3323 "packages on the command line from being upgraded if they are already "
3324 "installed. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Upgrade</literal>."
3327 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3328 #: apt-get.8.xml:447
3329 msgid "<option>--force-yes</option>"
3332 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3333 #: apt-get.8.xml:448
3335 "Force yes; This is a dangerous option that will cause apt to continue "
3336 "without prompting if it is doing something potentially harmful. It should "
3337 "not be used except in very special situations. Using "
3338 "<literal>force-yes</literal> can potentially destroy your system! "
3339 "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::force-yes</literal>."
3342 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3343 #: apt-get.8.xml:455
3344 msgid "<option>--print-uris</option>"
3347 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3348 #: apt-get.8.xml:456
3350 "Instead of fetching the files to install their URIs are printed. Each URI "
3351 "will have the path, the destination file name, the size and the expected md5 "
3352 "hash. Note that the file name to write to will not always match the file "
3353 "name on the remote site! This also works with the <literal>source</literal> "
3354 "and <literal>update</literal> commands. When used with the "
3355 "<literal>update</literal> command the MD5 and size are not included, and it "
3356 "is up to the user to decompress any compressed files. Configuration Item: "
3357 "<literal>APT::Get::Print-URIs</literal>."
3360 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3361 #: apt-get.8.xml:466
3362 msgid "<option>--purge</option>"
3365 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3366 #: apt-get.8.xml:467
3368 "Use purge instead of remove for anything that would be removed. An asterisk "
3369 "(\"*\") will be displayed next to packages which are scheduled to be "
3370 "purged. <option>remove --purge</option> is equivalent for "
3371 "<option>purge</option> command. Configuration Item: "
3372 "<literal>APT::Get::Purge</literal>."
3375 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3376 #: apt-get.8.xml:474
3377 msgid "<option>--reinstall</option>"
3380 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3381 #: apt-get.8.xml:475
3383 "Re-Install packages that are already installed and at the newest version. "
3384 "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::ReInstall</literal>."
3387 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3388 #: apt-get.8.xml:479
3389 msgid "<option>--list-cleanup</option>"
3392 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3393 #: apt-get.8.xml:480
3395 "This option defaults to on, use <literal>--no-list-cleanup</literal> to turn "
3396 "it off. When on <command>apt-get</command> will automatically manage the "
3397 "contents of <filename>&statedir;/lists</filename> to ensure that obsolete "
3398 "files are erased. The only reason to turn it off is if you frequently "
3399 "change your source list. Configuration Item: "
3400 "<literal>APT::Get::List-Cleanup</literal>."
3403 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3404 #: apt-get.8.xml:489
3405 msgid "<option>--target-release</option>"
3408 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3409 #: apt-get.8.xml:490
3410 msgid "<option>--default-release</option>"
3413 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3414 #: apt-get.8.xml:491
3416 "This option controls the default input to the policy engine, it creates a "
3417 "default pin at priority 990 using the specified release string. This "
3418 "overrides the general settings in "
3419 "<filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename>. Specifically pinned packages are "
3420 "not affected by the value of this option. In short, this option lets you "
3421 "have simple control over which distribution packages will be retrieved "
3422 "from. Some common examples might be <option>-t '2.1*'</option>, <option>-t "
3423 "unstable</option> or <option>-t sid</option>. Configuration Item: "
3424 "<literal>APT::Default-Release</literal>; see also the &apt-preferences; "
3428 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3429 #: apt-get.8.xml:504
3430 msgid "<option>--trivial-only</option>"
3433 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3434 #: apt-get.8.xml:506
3436 "Only perform operations that are 'trivial'. Logically this can be considered "
3437 "related to <option>--assume-yes</option>, where "
3438 "<option>--assume-yes</option> will answer yes to any prompt, "
3439 "<option>--trivial-only</option> will answer no. Configuration Item: "
3440 "<literal>APT::Get::Trivial-Only</literal>."
3443 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3444 #: apt-get.8.xml:512
3445 msgid "<option>--no-remove</option>"
3448 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3449 #: apt-get.8.xml:513
3451 "If any packages are to be removed apt-get immediately aborts without "
3452 "prompting. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Remove</literal>."
3455 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3456 #: apt-get.8.xml:518
3457 msgid "<option>--auto-remove</option>"
3460 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3461 #: apt-get.8.xml:519
3463 "If the command is either <literal>install</literal> or "
3464 "<literal>remove</literal>, then this option acts like running "
3465 "<literal>autoremove</literal> command, removing the unused dependency "
3466 "packages. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::AutomaticRemove</literal>."
3469 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3470 #: apt-get.8.xml:525
3471 msgid "<option>--only-source</option>"
3474 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3475 #: apt-get.8.xml:526
3477 "Only has meaning for the <literal>source</literal> and "
3478 "<literal>build-dep</literal> commands. Indicates that the given source "
3479 "names are not to be mapped through the binary table. This means that if "
3480 "this option is specified, these commands will only accept source package "
3481 "names as arguments, rather than accepting binary package names and looking "
3482 "up the corresponding source package. Configuration Item: "
3483 "<literal>APT::Get::Only-Source</literal>."
3486 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3487 #: apt-get.8.xml:536
3488 msgid "<option>--diff-only</option>"
3491 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3492 #: apt-get.8.xml:536
3493 msgid "<option>--dsc-only</option>"
3496 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3497 #: apt-get.8.xml:536
3498 msgid "<option>--tar-only</option>"
3501 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3502 #: apt-get.8.xml:537
3504 "Download only the diff, dsc, or tar file of a source archive. Configuration "
3505 "Item: <literal>APT::Get::Diff-Only</literal>, "
3506 "<literal>APT::Get::Dsc-Only</literal>, and "
3507 "<literal>APT::Get::Tar-Only</literal>."
3510 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3511 #: apt-get.8.xml:542
3512 msgid "<option>--arch-only</option>"
3515 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3516 #: apt-get.8.xml:543
3518 "Only process architecture-dependent build-dependencies. Configuration Item: "
3519 "<literal>APT::Get::Arch-Only</literal>."
3522 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3523 #: apt-get.8.xml:547
3524 msgid "<option>--allow-unauthenticated</option>"
3527 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3528 #: apt-get.8.xml:548
3530 "Ignore if packages can't be authenticated and don't prompt about it. This "
3531 "is useful for tools like pbuilder. Configuration Item: "
3532 "<literal>APT::Get::AllowUnauthenticated</literal>."
3535 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist>
3536 #: apt-get.8.xml:561
3538 "&file-sourceslist; &file-aptconf; &file-preferences; &file-cachearchives; "
3542 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3543 #: apt-get.8.xml:570
3545 "&apt-cache;, &apt-cdrom;, &dpkg;, &dselect;, &sources-list;, &apt-conf;, "
3546 "&apt-config;, &apt-secure;, The APT User's guide in &guidesdir;, "
3547 "&apt-preferences;, the APT Howto."
3550 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3551 #: apt-get.8.xml:576
3553 "<command>apt-get</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal 100 on "
3557 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
3558 #: apt-get.8.xml:579
3559 msgid "ORIGINAL AUTHORS"
3562 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3563 #: apt-get.8.xml:580
3564 msgid "&apt-author.jgunthorpe;"
3567 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
3568 #: apt-get.8.xml:583
3569 msgid "CURRENT AUTHORS"
3572 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3573 #: apt-get.8.xml:585
3574 msgid "&apt-author.team;"
3577 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
3578 #: apt-key.8.xml:14 apt-key.8.xml:21
3582 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
3584 msgid "APT key management utility"
3587 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsynopsisdiv><cmdsynopsis>
3590 "<command>apt-key</command> <arg><replaceable>command</replaceable>/</arg> "
3592 "rep=\"repeat\"><option><replaceable>arguments</replaceable></option></arg>"
3595 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3598 "<command>apt-key</command> is used to manage the list of keys used by apt to "
3599 "authenticate packages. Packages which have been authenticated using these "
3600 "keys will be considered trusted."
3603 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
3608 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3610 msgid "add <replaceable>filename</replaceable>"
3613 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3616 "Add a new key to the list of trusted keys. The key is read from "
3617 "<replaceable>filename</replaceable>, or standard input if "
3618 "<replaceable>filename</replaceable> is <literal>-</literal>."
3621 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3623 msgid "del <replaceable>keyid</replaceable>"
3626 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3628 msgid "Remove a key from the list of trusted keys."
3631 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3633 msgid "export <replaceable>keyid</replaceable>"
3636 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3638 msgid "Output the key <replaceable>keyid</replaceable> to standard output."
3641 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3646 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3648 msgid "Output all trusted keys to standard output."
3651 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3656 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3658 msgid "List trusted keys."
3661 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3662 #: apt-key.8.xml:100
3666 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3667 #: apt-key.8.xml:104
3668 msgid "List fingerprints of trusted keys."
3671 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3672 #: apt-key.8.xml:111
3676 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3677 #: apt-key.8.xml:115
3679 "Pass advanced options to gpg. With adv --recv-key you can download the "
3683 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3684 #: apt-key.8.xml:127
3686 "Update the local keyring with the keyring of Debian archive keys and removes "
3687 "from the keyring the archive keys which are no longer valid."
3690 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3691 #: apt-key.8.xml:140
3692 msgid "<filename>/etc/apt/trusted.gpg</filename>"
3695 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3696 #: apt-key.8.xml:141
3697 msgid "Keyring of local trusted keys, new keys will be added here."
3700 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3701 #: apt-key.8.xml:144
3702 msgid "<filename>/etc/apt/trustdb.gpg</filename>"
3705 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3706 #: apt-key.8.xml:145
3707 msgid "Local trust database of archive keys."
3710 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3711 #: apt-key.8.xml:148
3712 msgid "<filename>/usr/share/keyrings/debian-archive-keyring.gpg</filename>"
3715 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3716 #: apt-key.8.xml:149
3717 msgid "Keyring of Debian archive trusted keys."
3720 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3721 #: apt-key.8.xml:152
3722 msgid "<filename>/usr/share/keyrings/debian-archive-removed-keys.gpg</filename>"
3725 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3726 #: apt-key.8.xml:153
3727 msgid "Keyring of Debian archive removed trusted keys."
3730 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3731 #: apt-key.8.xml:164
3732 msgid "&apt-get;, &apt-secure;"
3735 #. The last update date
3736 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refentryinfo>
3737 #: apt-mark.8.xml:13
3739 "&apt-author.moconnor; &apt-author.team; &apt-email; &apt-product; <date>9 "
3740 "August 2009</date>"
3743 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
3744 #: apt-mark.8.xml:22 apt-mark.8.xml:29
3748 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
3749 #: apt-mark.8.xml:30
3750 msgid "mark/unmark a package as being automatically-installed"
3753 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsynopsisdiv><cmdsynopsis>
3754 #: apt-mark.8.xml:36
3756 " <command>apt-mark</command> <arg><option>-hv</option></arg> "
3757 "<arg><option>-f=<replaceable>FILENAME</replaceable></option></arg> <group "
3758 "choice=\"plain\"> <arg choice=\"plain\"> <group choice=\"req\"> <arg "
3759 "choice=\"plain\">markauto</arg> <arg choice=\"plain\">unmarkauto</arg> "
3760 "</group> <arg choice=\"plain\" "
3761 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>package</replaceable></arg> </arg> <arg "
3762 "choice=\"plain\">showauto</arg> </group>"
3765 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3766 #: apt-mark.8.xml:53
3768 "<command>apt-mark</command> will change whether a package has been marked as "
3769 "being automatically installed."
3772 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3773 #: apt-mark.8.xml:57
3775 "When you request that a package is installed, and as a result other packages "
3776 "are installed to satisfy its dependencies, the dependencies are marked as "
3777 "being automatically installed. Once these automatically installed packages "
3778 "are no longer depended on by any manually installed packages, they will be "
3779 "removed by e.g. <command>apt-get</command> or <command>aptitude</command>."
3782 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3783 #: apt-mark.8.xml:65
3787 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3788 #: apt-mark.8.xml:66
3790 "<literal>markauto</literal> is used to mark a package as being automatically "
3791 "installed, which will cause the package to be removed when no more manually "
3792 "installed packages depend on this package."
3795 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3796 #: apt-mark.8.xml:73
3800 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3801 #: apt-mark.8.xml:74
3803 "<literal>unmarkauto</literal> is used to mark a package as being manually "
3804 "installed, which will prevent the package from being automatically removed "
3805 "if no other packages depend on it."
3808 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3809 #: apt-mark.8.xml:81
3813 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3814 #: apt-mark.8.xml:82
3816 "<literal>showauto</literal> is used to print a list of manually installed "
3817 "packages with each package on a new line."
3820 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3821 #: apt-mark.8.xml:93
3822 msgid "<option>-f=<filename><replaceable>FILENAME</replaceable></filename></option>"
3825 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3826 #: apt-mark.8.xml:94
3827 msgid "<option>--file=<filename><replaceable>FILENAME</replaceable></filename></option>"
3830 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3831 #: apt-mark.8.xml:97
3833 "Read/Write package stats from "
3834 "<filename><replaceable>FILENAME</replaceable></filename> instead of the "
3835 "default location, which is <filename>extended_status</filename> in the "
3836 "directory defined by the Configuration Item: <literal>Dir::State</literal>."
3839 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3840 #: apt-mark.8.xml:103
3841 msgid "<option>-h</option>"
3844 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3845 #: apt-mark.8.xml:104
3846 msgid "<option>--help</option>"
3849 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3850 #: apt-mark.8.xml:105
3851 msgid "Show a short usage summary."
3854 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3855 #: apt-mark.8.xml:111
3856 msgid "<option>-v</option>"
3859 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3860 #: apt-mark.8.xml:112
3861 msgid "<option>--version</option>"
3864 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3865 #: apt-mark.8.xml:113
3866 msgid "Show the program version."
3869 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3870 #: apt-mark.8.xml:124
3871 msgid "<filename>/var/lib/apt/extended_states</filename>"
3874 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3875 #: apt-mark.8.xml:125
3877 "Status list of auto-installed packages. Configuration Item: "
3878 "<literal>Dir::State</literal> sets the path to the "
3879 "<filename>extended_states</filename> file."
3882 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3883 #: apt-mark.8.xml:134
3884 msgid "&apt-get;,&aptitude;,&apt-conf;"
3887 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3888 #: apt-mark.8.xml:138
3890 "<command>apt-mark</command> returns zero on normal operation, non-zero on "
3894 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
3895 #: apt-secure.8.xml:14 apt-secure.8.xml:36
3899 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
3900 #: apt-secure.8.xml:37
3901 msgid "Archive authentication support for APT"
3904 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3905 #: apt-secure.8.xml:42
3907 "Starting with version 0.6, <command>apt</command> contains code that does "
3908 "signature checking of the Release file for all archives. This ensures that "
3909 "packages in the archive can't be modified by people who have no access to "
3910 "the Release file signing key."
3913 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3914 #: apt-secure.8.xml:50
3916 "If a package comes from a archive without a signature or with a signature "
3917 "that apt does not have a key for that package is considered untrusted and "
3918 "installing it will result in a big warning. <command>apt-get</command> will "
3919 "currently only warn for unsigned archives, future releases might force all "
3920 "sources to be verified before downloading packages from them."
3923 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3924 #: apt-secure.8.xml:59
3926 "The package frontends &apt-get;, &aptitude; and &synaptic; support this new "
3927 "authentication feature."
3930 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
3931 #: apt-secure.8.xml:64
3932 msgid "Trusted archives"
3935 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3936 #: apt-secure.8.xml:67
3938 "The chain of trust from an apt archive to the end user is made up of "
3939 "different steps. <command>apt-secure</command> is the last step in this "
3940 "chain, trusting an archive does not mean that the packages that you trust it "
3941 "do not contain malicious code but means that you trust the archive "
3942 "maintainer. Its the archive maintainer responsibility to ensure that the "
3943 "archive integrity is correct."
3946 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3947 #: apt-secure.8.xml:75
3949 "apt-secure does not review signatures at a package level. If you require "
3950 "tools to do this you should look at <command>debsig-verify</command> and "
3951 "<command>debsign</command> (provided in the debsig-verify and devscripts "
3952 "packages respectively)."
3955 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3956 #: apt-secure.8.xml:82
3958 "The chain of trust in Debian starts when a maintainer uploads a new package "
3959 "or a new version of a package to the Debian archive. This upload in order to "
3960 "become effective needs to be signed by a key of a maintainer within the "
3961 "Debian maintainer's keyring (available in the debian-keyring "
3962 "package). Maintainer's keys are signed by other maintainers following "
3963 "pre-established procedures to ensure the identity of the key holder."
3966 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3967 #: apt-secure.8.xml:92
3969 "Once the uploaded package is verified and included in the archive, the "
3970 "maintainer signature is stripped off, an MD5 sum of the package is computed "
3971 "and put in the Packages file. The MD5 sum of all of the packages files are "
3972 "then computed and put into the Release file. The Release file is then signed "
3973 "by the archive key (which is created once a year and distributed through the "
3974 "FTP server. This key is also on the Debian keyring."
3977 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3978 #: apt-secure.8.xml:102
3980 "Any end user can check the signature of the Release file, extract the MD5 "
3981 "sum of a package from it and compare it with the MD5 sum of the package he "
3982 "downloaded. Prior to version 0.6 only the MD5 sum of the downloaded Debian "
3983 "package was checked. Now both the MD5 sum and the signature of the Release "
3987 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3988 #: apt-secure.8.xml:109
3990 "Notice that this is distinct from checking signatures on a per package "
3991 "basis. It is designed to prevent two possible attacks:"
3994 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
3995 #: apt-secure.8.xml:114
3997 "<literal>Network \"man in the middle\" attacks</literal>. Without signature "
3998 "checking, a malicious agent can introduce himself in the package download "
3999 "process and provide malicious software either by controlling a network "
4000 "element (router, switch, etc.) or by redirecting traffic to a rogue server "
4001 "(through arp or DNS spoofing attacks)."
4004 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
4005 #: apt-secure.8.xml:122
4007 "<literal>Mirror network compromise</literal>. Without signature checking, a "
4008 "malicious agent can compromise a mirror host and modify the files in it to "
4009 "propagate malicious software to all users downloading packages from that "
4013 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4014 #: apt-secure.8.xml:129
4016 "However, it does not defend against a compromise of the Debian master server "
4017 "itself (which signs the packages) or against a compromise of the key used to "
4018 "sign the Release files. In any case, this mechanism can complement a "
4019 "per-package signature."
4022 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
4023 #: apt-secure.8.xml:135
4024 msgid "User configuration"
4027 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4028 #: apt-secure.8.xml:137
4030 "<command>apt-key</command> is the program that manages the list of keys used "
4031 "by apt. It can be used to add or remove keys although an installation of "
4032 "this release will automatically provide the default Debian archive signing "
4033 "keys used in the Debian package repositories."
4036 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4037 #: apt-secure.8.xml:144
4039 "In order to add a new key you need to first download it (you should make "
4040 "sure you are using a trusted communication channel when retrieving it), add "
4041 "it with <command>apt-key</command> and then run <command>apt-get "
4042 "update</command> so that apt can download and verify the "
4043 "<filename>Release.gpg</filename> files from the archives you have "
4047 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
4048 #: apt-secure.8.xml:153
4049 msgid "Archive configuration"
4052 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4053 #: apt-secure.8.xml:155
4055 "If you want to provide archive signatures in an archive under your "
4056 "maintenance you have to:"
4059 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
4060 #: apt-secure.8.xml:160
4062 "<literal>Create a toplevel Release file</literal>. if it does not exist "
4063 "already. You can do this by running <command>apt-ftparchive "
4064 "release</command> (provided in apt-utils)."
4067 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
4068 #: apt-secure.8.xml:165
4070 "<literal>Sign it</literal>. You can do this by running <command>gpg -abs -o "
4071 "Release.gpg Release</command>."
4074 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
4075 #: apt-secure.8.xml:168
4077 "<literal>Publish the key fingerprint</literal>, that way your users will "
4078 "know what key they need to import in order to authenticate the files in the "
4082 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4083 #: apt-secure.8.xml:175
4085 "Whenever the contents of the archive changes (new packages are added or "
4086 "removed) the archive maintainer has to follow the first two steps previously "
4090 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4091 #: apt-secure.8.xml:183
4093 "&apt-conf;, &apt-get;, &sources-list;, &apt-key;, &apt-ftparchive;, "
4094 "&debsign; &debsig-verify;, &gpg;"
4097 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4098 #: apt-secure.8.xml:187
4100 "For more background information you might want to review the <ulink "
4101 "url=\"http://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/securing-debian-howto/ch7.en.html\">Debian "
4102 "Security Infrastructure</ulink> chapter of the Securing Debian Manual "
4103 "(available also in the harden-doc package) and the <ulink "
4104 "url=\"http://www.cryptnet.net/fdp/crypto/strong_distro.html\" >Strong "
4105 "Distribution HOWTO</ulink> by V. Alex Brennen."
4108 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
4109 #: apt-secure.8.xml:200
4110 msgid "Manpage Authors"
4113 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4114 #: apt-secure.8.xml:202
4116 "This man-page is based on the work of Javier Fernández-Sanguino Peña, Isaac "
4117 "Jones, Colin Walters, Florian Weimer and Michael Vogt."
4120 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
4121 #: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:22 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:29
4122 msgid "apt-sortpkgs"
4125 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
4126 #: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:30
4127 msgid "Utility to sort package index files"
4130 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsynopsisdiv><cmdsynopsis>
4131 #: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:36
4133 "<command>apt-sortpkgs</command> <arg><option>-hvs</option></arg> "
4134 "<arg><option>-o=<replaceable>config string</replaceable></option></arg> "
4135 "<arg><option>-c=<replaceable>file</replaceable></option></arg> <arg "
4136 "choice=\"plain\" rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>file</replaceable></arg>"
4139 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4140 #: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:45
4142 "<command>apt-sortpkgs</command> will take an index file (Source index or "
4143 "Package index) and sort the records so that they are ordered by the package "
4144 "name. It will also sort the internal fields of each record according to the "
4145 "internal sorting rules."
4148 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4149 #: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:51
4150 msgid "All output is sent to stdout, the input must be a seekable file."
4153 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4154 #: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:58
4155 msgid "<option>--source</option>"
4158 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4159 #: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:60
4161 "Use Source index field ordering. Configuration Item: "
4162 "<literal>APT::SortPkgs::Source</literal>."
4165 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4166 #: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:74
4168 "<command>apt-sortpkgs</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal "
4172 #. The last update date
4173 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refentryinfo>
4174 #: apt.conf.5.xml:13
4176 "&apt-author.jgunthorpe; &apt-author.team; <author> "
4177 "<firstname>Daniel</firstname> <surname>Burrows</surname> <contrib>Initial "
4178 "documentation of Debug::*.</contrib> <email>dburrows@debian.org</email> "
4179 "</author> &apt-email; &apt-product; <date>18 September 2009</date>"
4182 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
4183 #: apt.conf.5.xml:28 apt.conf.5.xml:35
4187 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refmeta><manvolnum>
4188 #: apt.conf.5.xml:29 apt_preferences.5.xml:22 sources.list.5.xml:23
4192 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
4193 #: apt.conf.5.xml:36
4194 msgid "Configuration file for APT"
4197 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4198 #: apt.conf.5.xml:40
4200 "<filename>apt.conf</filename> is the main configuration file for the APT "
4201 "suite of tools, all tools make use of the configuration file and a common "
4202 "command line parser to provide a uniform environment. When an APT tool "
4203 "starts up it will read the configuration specified by the "
4204 "<envar>APT_CONFIG</envar> environment variable (if any) and then read the "
4205 "files in <literal>Dir::Etc::Parts</literal> then read the main configuration "
4206 "file specified by <literal>Dir::Etc::main</literal> then finally apply the "
4207 "command line options to override the configuration directives, possibly "
4208 "loading even more config files."
4211 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4212 #: apt.conf.5.xml:50
4214 "The configuration file is organized in a tree with options organized into "
4215 "functional groups. option specification is given with a double colon "
4216 "notation, for instance <literal>APT::Get::Assume-Yes</literal> is an option "
4217 "within the APT tool group, for the Get tool. options do not inherit from "
4218 "their parent groups."
4221 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4222 #: apt.conf.5.xml:56
4224 "Syntactically the configuration language is modeled after what the ISC tools "
4225 "such as bind and dhcp use. Lines starting with <literal>//</literal> are "
4226 "treated as comments (ignored), as well as all text between "
4227 "<literal>/*</literal> and <literal>*/</literal>, just like C/C++ comments. "
4228 "Each line is of the form <literal>APT::Get::Assume-Yes \"true\";</literal> "
4229 "The trailing semicolon is required and the quotes are optional. A new scope "
4230 "can be opened with curly braces, like:"
4233 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><informalexample><programlisting>
4234 #: apt.conf.5.xml:66
4239 " Assume-Yes \"true\";\n"
4240 " Fix-Broken \"true\";\n"
4245 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4246 #: apt.conf.5.xml:74
4248 "with newlines placed to make it more readable. Lists can be created by "
4249 "opening a scope and including a single string enclosed in quotes followed by "
4250 "a semicolon. Multiple entries can be included, each separated by a "
4254 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><informalexample><programlisting>
4255 #: apt.conf.5.xml:79
4257 msgid "DPkg::Pre-Install-Pkgs {\"/usr/sbin/dpkg-preconfigure --apt\";};\n"
4260 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4261 #: apt.conf.5.xml:82
4263 "In general the sample configuration file in "
4264 "<filename>&docdir;examples/apt.conf</filename> &configureindex; is a good "
4265 "guide for how it should look."
4268 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4269 #: apt.conf.5.xml:86
4271 "The names of the configuration items are not case-sensitive. So in the "
4272 "previous example you could use <literal>dpkg::pre-install-pkgs</literal>."
4275 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4276 #: apt.conf.5.xml:89
4278 "Names for the configuration items are optional if a list is defined as it "
4279 "can be see in the <literal>DPkg::Pre-Install-Pkgs</literal> example "
4280 "above. If you don't specify a name a new entry will simply add a new option "
4281 "to the list. If you specify a name you can override the option as every "
4282 "other option by reassigning a new value to the option."
4285 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4286 #: apt.conf.5.xml:94
4288 "Two specials are allowed, <literal>#include</literal> and "
4289 "<literal>#clear</literal>: <literal>#include</literal> will include the "
4290 "given file, unless the filename ends in a slash, then the whole directory is "
4291 "included. <literal>#clear</literal> is used to erase a part of the "
4292 "configuration tree. The specified element and all its descendants are "
4293 "erased. (Note that these lines also need to end with a semicolon.)"
4296 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4297 #: apt.conf.5.xml:101
4299 "The #clear command is the only way to delete a list or a complete scope. "
4300 "Reopening a scope or the ::-style described below will "
4301 "<emphasis>not</emphasis> override previewsly written entries. Only options "
4302 "can be overridden by adressing a new value to it - lists and scopes can't be "
4303 "overridden, only cleared."
4306 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4307 #: apt.conf.5.xml:106
4309 "All of the APT tools take a -o option which allows an arbitrary "
4310 "configuration directive to be specified on the command line. The syntax is a "
4311 "full option name (<literal>APT::Get::Assume-Yes</literal> for instance) "
4312 "followed by an equals sign then the new value of the option. Lists can be "
4313 "appended too by adding a trailing :: to the list name. (As you might "
4314 "suspect: The scope syntax can't be used on the commandline.)"
4317 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4318 #: apt.conf.5.xml:113
4320 "Note that you can use :: only for appending one item per line to a list and "
4321 "that you should not use it in combination with the scope syntax. (The scope "
4322 "syntax implicit insert ::) Using both syntaxes together will trigger a bug "
4323 "which some users unfortunately relay on: An option with the unusual name "
4324 "\"<literal>::</literal>\" which acts like every other option with a "
4325 "name. These introduces many problems including that a user who writes "
4326 "multiple lines in this <emphasis>wrong</emphasis> syntax in the hope to "
4327 "append to a list will gain the opposite as only the last assignment for this "
4328 "option \"<literal>::</literal>\" will be used. Upcoming APT versions will "
4329 "raise errors and will stop working if they encounter this misuse, so please "
4330 "correct such statements now as long as APT doesn't complain explicit about "
4334 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
4335 #: apt.conf.5.xml:125
4336 msgid "The APT Group"
4339 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4340 #: apt.conf.5.xml:126
4342 "This group of options controls general APT behavior as well as holding the "
4343 "options for all of the tools."
4346 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4347 #: apt.conf.5.xml:130
4348 msgid "Architecture"
4351 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4352 #: apt.conf.5.xml:131
4354 "System Architecture; sets the architecture to use when fetching files and "
4355 "parsing package lists. The internal default is the architecture apt was "
4359 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4360 #: apt.conf.5.xml:136
4361 msgid "Default-Release"
4364 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4365 #: apt.conf.5.xml:137
4367 "Default release to install packages from if more than one version "
4368 "available. Contains release name, codename or release version. Examples: "
4369 "'stable', 'testing', 'unstable', 'lenny', 'squeeze', '4.0', '5.0*'. See also "
4370 "&apt-preferences;."
4373 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4374 #: apt.conf.5.xml:141
4378 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4379 #: apt.conf.5.xml:142
4381 "Ignore Held packages; This global option causes the problem resolver to "
4382 "ignore held packages in its decision making."
4385 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4386 #: apt.conf.5.xml:146
4387 msgid "Clean-Installed"
4390 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4391 #: apt.conf.5.xml:147
4393 "Defaults to on. When turned on the autoclean feature will remove any "
4394 "packages which can no longer be downloaded from the cache. If turned off "
4395 "then packages that are locally installed are also excluded from cleaning - "
4396 "but note that APT provides no direct means to reinstall them."
4399 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4400 #: apt.conf.5.xml:153
4401 msgid "Immediate-Configure"
4404 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4405 #: apt.conf.5.xml:154
4407 "Disable Immediate Configuration; This dangerous option disables some of "
4408 "APT's ordering code to cause it to make fewer dpkg calls. Doing so may be "
4409 "necessary on some extremely slow single user systems but is very dangerous "
4410 "and may cause package install scripts to fail or worse. Use at your own "
4414 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4415 #: apt.conf.5.xml:161
4416 msgid "Force-LoopBreak"
4419 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4420 #: apt.conf.5.xml:162
4422 "Never Enable this option unless you -really- know what you are doing. It "
4423 "permits APT to temporarily remove an essential package to break a "
4424 "Conflicts/Conflicts or Conflicts/Pre-Depend loop between two essential "
4425 "packages. SUCH A LOOP SHOULD NEVER EXIST AND IS A GRAVE BUG. This option "
4426 "will work if the essential packages are not tar, gzip, libc, dpkg, bash or "
4427 "anything that those packages depend on."
4430 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4431 #: apt.conf.5.xml:170
4435 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4436 #: apt.conf.5.xml:171
4438 "APT uses a fixed size memory mapped cache file to store the 'available' "
4439 "information. This sets the size of that cache (in bytes)."
4442 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4443 #: apt.conf.5.xml:175
4444 msgid "Build-Essential"
4447 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4448 #: apt.conf.5.xml:176
4449 msgid "Defines which package(s) are considered essential build dependencies."
4452 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4453 #: apt.conf.5.xml:179
4457 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4458 #: apt.conf.5.xml:180
4460 "The Get subsection controls the &apt-get; tool, please see its documentation "
4461 "for more information about the options here."
4464 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4465 #: apt.conf.5.xml:184
4469 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4470 #: apt.conf.5.xml:185
4472 "The Cache subsection controls the &apt-cache; tool, please see its "
4473 "documentation for more information about the options here."
4476 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4477 #: apt.conf.5.xml:189
4481 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4482 #: apt.conf.5.xml:190
4484 "The CDROM subsection controls the &apt-cdrom; tool, please see its "
4485 "documentation for more information about the options here."
4488 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
4489 #: apt.conf.5.xml:196
4490 msgid "The Acquire Group"
4493 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4494 #: apt.conf.5.xml:201
4498 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4499 #: apt.conf.5.xml:202
4501 "Try to download deltas called <literal>PDiffs</literal> for Packages or "
4502 "Sources files instead of downloading whole ones. True by default."
4505 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4506 #: apt.conf.5.xml:207
4510 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4511 #: apt.conf.5.xml:208
4513 "Queuing mode; <literal>Queue-Mode</literal> can be one of "
4514 "<literal>host</literal> or <literal>access</literal> which determines how "
4515 "APT parallelizes outgoing connections. <literal>host</literal> means that "
4516 "one connection per target host will be opened, <literal>access</literal> "
4517 "means that one connection per URI type will be opened."
4520 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4521 #: apt.conf.5.xml:215
4525 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4526 #: apt.conf.5.xml:216
4528 "Number of retries to perform. If this is non-zero APT will retry failed "
4529 "files the given number of times."
4532 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4533 #: apt.conf.5.xml:220
4534 msgid "Source-Symlinks"
4537 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4538 #: apt.conf.5.xml:221
4540 "Use symlinks for source archives. If set to true then source archives will "
4541 "be symlinked when possible instead of copying. True is the default."
4544 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4545 #: apt.conf.5.xml:225 sources.list.5.xml:139
4549 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4550 #: apt.conf.5.xml:226
4552 "HTTP URIs; http::Proxy is the default http proxy to use. It is in the "
4553 "standard form of <literal>http://[[user][:pass]@]host[:port]/</literal>. Per "
4554 "host proxies can also be specified by using the form "
4555 "<literal>http::Proxy::<host></literal> with the special keyword "
4556 "<literal>DIRECT</literal> meaning to use no proxies. If no one of the above "
4557 "settings is specified, <envar>http_proxy</envar> environment variable will "
4561 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4562 #: apt.conf.5.xml:234
4564 "Three settings are provided for cache control with HTTP/1.1 compliant proxy "
4565 "caches. <literal>No-Cache</literal> tells the proxy to not use its cached "
4566 "response under any circumstances, <literal>Max-Age</literal> is sent only "
4567 "for index files and tells the cache to refresh its object if it is older "
4568 "than the given number of seconds. Debian updates its index files daily so "
4569 "the default is 1 day. <literal>No-Store</literal> specifies that the cache "
4570 "should never store this request, it is only set for archive files. This may "
4571 "be useful to prevent polluting a proxy cache with very large .deb "
4572 "files. Note: Squid 2.0.2 does not support any of these options."
4575 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4576 #: apt.conf.5.xml:244 apt.conf.5.xml:301
4578 "The option <literal>timeout</literal> sets the timeout timer used by the "
4579 "method, this applies to all things including connection timeout and data "
4583 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4584 #: apt.conf.5.xml:247
4586 "One setting is provided to control the pipeline depth in cases where the "
4587 "remote server is not RFC conforming or buggy (such as Squid 2.0.2) "
4588 "<literal>Acquire::http::Pipeline-Depth</literal> can be a value from 0 to 5 "
4589 "indicating how many outstanding requests APT should send. A value of zero "
4590 "MUST be specified if the remote host does not properly linger on TCP "
4591 "connections - otherwise data corruption will occur. Hosts which require this "
4592 "are in violation of RFC 2068."
4595 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4596 #: apt.conf.5.xml:255
4598 "The used bandwidth can be limited with "
4599 "<literal>Acquire::http::Dl-Limit</literal> which accepts integer values in "
4600 "kilobyte. The default value is 0 which deactivates the limit and tries uses "
4601 "as much as possible of the bandwith (Note that this option implicit "
4602 "deactivates the download from multiple servers at the same time.)"
4605 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4606 #: apt.conf.5.xml:261
4610 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4611 #: apt.conf.5.xml:262
4613 "HTTPS URIs. Cache-control and proxy options are the same as for "
4614 "<literal>http</literal> method. <literal>Pipeline-Depth</literal> option is "
4615 "not supported yet."
4618 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4619 #: apt.conf.5.xml:266
4621 "<literal>CaInfo</literal> suboption specifies place of file that holds info "
4622 "about trusted certificates. <literal><host>::CaInfo</literal> is "
4623 "corresponding per-host option. <literal>Verify-Peer</literal> boolean "
4624 "suboption determines whether verify server's host certificate against "
4625 "trusted certificates or not. <literal><host>::Verify-Peer</literal> "
4626 "is corresponding per-host option. <literal>Verify-Host</literal> boolean "
4627 "suboption determines whether verify server's hostname or not. "
4628 "<literal><host>::Verify-Host</literal> is corresponding per-host "
4629 "option. <literal>SslCert</literal> determines what certificate to use for "
4630 "client authentication. <literal><host>::SslCert</literal> is "
4631 "corresponding per-host option. <literal>SslKey</literal> determines what "
4632 "private key to use for client "
4633 "authentication. <literal><host>::SslKey</literal> is corresponding "
4634 "per-host option. <literal>SslForceVersion</literal> overrides default SSL "
4635 "version to use. Can contain 'TLSv1' or 'SSLv3' string. "
4636 "<literal><host>::SslForceVersion</literal> is corresponding per-host "
4640 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4641 #: apt.conf.5.xml:284 sources.list.5.xml:150
4645 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4646 #: apt.conf.5.xml:285
4648 "FTP URIs; ftp::Proxy is the default ftp proxy to use. It is in the standard "
4649 "form of <literal>ftp://[[user][:pass]@]host[:port]/</literal>. Per host "
4650 "proxies can also be specified by using the form "
4651 "<literal>ftp::Proxy::<host></literal> with the special keyword "
4652 "<literal>DIRECT</literal> meaning to use no proxies. If no one of the above "
4653 "settings is specified, <envar>ftp_proxy</envar> environment variable will be "
4654 "used. To use a ftp proxy you will have to set the "
4655 "<literal>ftp::ProxyLogin</literal> script in the configuration file. This "
4656 "entry specifies the commands to send to tell the proxy server what to "
4657 "connect to. Please see &configureindex; for an example of how to do "
4658 "this. The substitution variables available are "
4659 "<literal>$(PROXY_USER)</literal> <literal>$(PROXY_PASS)</literal> "
4660 "<literal>$(SITE_USER)</literal> <literal>$(SITE_PASS)</literal> "
4661 "<literal>$(SITE)</literal> and <literal>$(SITE_PORT)</literal> Each is taken "
4662 "from it's respective URI component."
4665 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4666 #: apt.conf.5.xml:304
4668 "Several settings are provided to control passive mode. Generally it is safe "
4669 "to leave passive mode on, it works in nearly every environment. However "
4670 "some situations require that passive mode be disabled and port mode ftp used "
4671 "instead. This can be done globally, for connections that go through a proxy "
4672 "or for a specific host (See the sample config file for examples)."
4675 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4676 #: apt.conf.5.xml:311
4678 "It is possible to proxy FTP over HTTP by setting the "
4679 "<envar>ftp_proxy</envar> environment variable to a http url - see the "
4680 "discussion of the http method above for syntax. You cannot set this in the "
4681 "configuration file and it is not recommended to use FTP over HTTP due to its "
4685 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4686 #: apt.conf.5.xml:316
4688 "The setting <literal>ForceExtended</literal> controls the use of RFC2428 "
4689 "<literal>EPSV</literal> and <literal>EPRT</literal> commands. The default is "
4690 "false, which means these commands are only used if the control connection is "
4691 "IPv6. Setting this to true forces their use even on IPv4 connections. Note "
4692 "that most FTP servers do not support RFC2428."
4695 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4696 #: apt.conf.5.xml:323 sources.list.5.xml:132
4700 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><literallayout>
4701 #: apt.conf.5.xml:329
4703 msgid "\"/cdrom/\"::Mount \"foo\";"
4706 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4707 #: apt.conf.5.xml:324
4709 "CDROM URIs; the only setting for CDROM URIs is the mount point, "
4710 "<literal>cdrom::Mount</literal> which must be the mount point for the CDROM "
4711 "drive as specified in <filename>/etc/fstab</filename>. It is possible to "
4712 "provide alternate mount and unmount commands if your mount point cannot be "
4713 "listed in the fstab (such as an SMB mount and old mount packages). The "
4714 "syntax is to put <placeholder type=\"literallayout\" id=\"0\"/> within the "
4715 "cdrom block. It is important to have the trailing slash. Unmount commands "
4716 "can be specified using UMount."
4719 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4720 #: apt.conf.5.xml:334
4724 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4725 #: apt.conf.5.xml:335
4727 "GPGV URIs; the only option for GPGV URIs is the option to pass additional "
4728 "parameters to gpgv. <literal>gpgv::Options</literal> Additional options "
4732 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4733 #: apt.conf.5.xml:340
4734 msgid "CompressionTypes"
4737 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><synopsis>
4738 #: apt.conf.5.xml:346
4741 "Acquire::CompressionTypes::<replaceable>FileExtension</replaceable> "
4742 "\"<replaceable>Methodname</replaceable>\";"
4745 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4746 #: apt.conf.5.xml:341
4748 "List of compression types which are understood by the acquire methods. "
4749 "Files like <filename>Packages</filename> can be available in various "
4750 "compression formats. Per default the acquire methods can decompress "
4751 "<command>bzip2</command>, <command>lzma</command> and "
4752 "<command>gzip</command> compressed files, with this setting more formats can "
4753 "be added on the fly or the used method can be changed. The syntax for this "
4754 "is: <placeholder type=\"synopsis\" id=\"0\"/>"
4757 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><synopsis>
4758 #: apt.conf.5.xml:351
4760 msgid "Acquire::CompressionTypes::Order:: \"gz\";"
4763 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><synopsis>
4764 #: apt.conf.5.xml:354
4766 msgid "Acquire::CompressionTypes::Order { \"lzma\"; \"gz\"; };"
4769 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4770 #: apt.conf.5.xml:347
4772 "Also the <literal>Order</literal> subgroup can be used to define in which "
4773 "order the acquire system will try to download the compressed files. The "
4774 "acquire system will try the first and proceed with the next compression type "
4775 "in this list on error, so to prefer one over the other type simple add the "
4776 "preferred type at first - not already added default types will be added at "
4777 "run time to the end of the list, so e.g. <placeholder type=\"synopsis\" "
4778 "id=\"0\"/> can be used to prefer <command>gzip</command> compressed files "
4779 "over <command>bzip2</command> and <command>lzma</command>. If "
4780 "<command>lzma</command> should be preferred over <command>gzip</command> and "
4781 "<command>bzip2</command> the configure setting should look like this "
4782 "<placeholder type=\"synopsis\" id=\"1\"/> It is not needed to add "
4783 "<literal>bz2</literal> explicit to the list as it will be added automatic."
4786 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><literallayout>
4787 #: apt.conf.5.xml:358
4789 msgid "Dir::Bin::bzip2 \"/bin/bzip2\";"
4792 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4793 #: apt.conf.5.xml:356
4795 "Note that at run time the "
4796 "<literal>Dir::Bin::<replaceable>Methodname</replaceable></literal> will be "
4797 "checked: If this setting exists the method will only be used if this file "
4798 "exists, e.g. for the bzip2 method (the inbuilt) setting is <placeholder "
4799 "type=\"literallayout\" id=\"0\"/> Note also that list entries specified on "
4800 "the commandline will be added at the end of the list specified in the "
4801 "configuration files, but before the default entries. To prefer a type in "
4802 "this case over the ones specified in in the configuration files you can set "
4803 "the option direct - not in list style. This will not override the defined "
4804 "list, it will only prefix the list with this type."
4807 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4808 #: apt.conf.5.xml:363
4810 "While it is possible to add an empty compression type to the order list, but "
4811 "APT in its current version doesn't understand it correctly and will display "
4812 "many warnings about not downloaded files - these warnings are most of the "
4813 "time false negatives. Future versions will maybe include a way to really "
4814 "prefer uncompressed files to support the usage of local mirrors."
4817 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4818 #: apt.conf.5.xml:197
4820 "The <literal>Acquire</literal> group of options controls the download of "
4821 "packages and the URI handlers. <placeholder type=\"variablelist\" "
4825 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
4826 #: apt.conf.5.xml:372
4830 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4831 #: apt.conf.5.xml:374
4833 "The <literal>Dir::State</literal> section has directories that pertain to "
4834 "local state information. <literal>lists</literal> is the directory to place "
4835 "downloaded package lists in and <literal>status</literal> is the name of the "
4836 "dpkg status file. <literal>preferences</literal> is the name of the APT "
4837 "preferences file. <literal>Dir::State</literal> contains the default "
4838 "directory to prefix on all sub items if they do not start with "
4839 "<filename>/</filename> or <filename>./</filename>."
4842 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4843 #: apt.conf.5.xml:381
4845 "<literal>Dir::Cache</literal> contains locations pertaining to local cache "
4846 "information, such as the two package caches <literal>srcpkgcache</literal> "
4847 "and <literal>pkgcache</literal> as well as the location to place downloaded "
4848 "archives, <literal>Dir::Cache::archives</literal>. Generation of caches can "
4849 "be turned off by setting their names to be blank. This will slow down "
4850 "startup but save disk space. It is probably preferred to turn off the "
4851 "pkgcache rather than the srcpkgcache. Like <literal>Dir::State</literal> the "
4852 "default directory is contained in <literal>Dir::Cache</literal>"
4855 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4856 #: apt.conf.5.xml:390
4858 "<literal>Dir::Etc</literal> contains the location of configuration files, "
4859 "<literal>sourcelist</literal> gives the location of the sourcelist and "
4860 "<literal>main</literal> is the default configuration file (setting has no "
4861 "effect, unless it is done from the config file specified by "
4862 "<envar>APT_CONFIG</envar>)."
4865 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4866 #: apt.conf.5.xml:396
4868 "The <literal>Dir::Parts</literal> setting reads in all the config fragments "
4869 "in lexical order from the directory specified. After this is done then the "
4870 "main config file is loaded."
4873 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4874 #: apt.conf.5.xml:400
4876 "Binary programs are pointed to by "
4877 "<literal>Dir::Bin</literal>. <literal>Dir::Bin::Methods</literal> specifies "
4878 "the location of the method handlers and <literal>gzip</literal>, "
4879 "<literal>bzip2</literal>, <literal>lzma</literal>, <literal>dpkg</literal>, "
4880 "<literal>apt-get</literal> <literal>dpkg-source</literal> "
4881 "<literal>dpkg-buildpackage</literal> and <literal>apt-cache</literal> "
4882 "specify the location of the respective programs."
4885 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4886 #: apt.conf.5.xml:408
4888 "The configuration item <literal>RootDir</literal> has a special meaning. If "
4889 "set, all paths in <literal>Dir::</literal> will be relative to "
4890 "<literal>RootDir</literal>, <emphasis>even paths that are specified "
4891 "absolutely</emphasis>. So, for instance, if <literal>RootDir</literal> is "
4892 "set to <filename>/tmp/staging</filename> and "
4893 "<literal>Dir::State::status</literal> is set to "
4894 "<filename>/var/lib/dpkg/status</filename>, then the status file will be "
4895 "looked up in <filename>/tmp/staging/var/lib/dpkg/status</filename>."
4898 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
4899 #: apt.conf.5.xml:421
4900 msgid "APT in DSelect"
4903 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4904 #: apt.conf.5.xml:423
4906 "When APT is used as a &dselect; method several configuration directives "
4907 "control the default behaviour. These are in the <literal>DSelect</literal> "
4911 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4912 #: apt.conf.5.xml:427
4916 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4917 #: apt.conf.5.xml:428
4919 "Cache Clean mode; this value may be one of always, prompt, auto, pre-auto "
4920 "and never. always and prompt will remove all packages from the cache after "
4921 "upgrading, prompt (the default) does so conditionally. auto removes only "
4922 "those packages which are no longer downloadable (replaced with a new version "
4923 "for instance). pre-auto performs this action before downloading new "
4927 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4928 #: apt.conf.5.xml:437
4930 "The contents of this variable is passed to &apt-get; as command line options "
4931 "when it is run for the install phase."
4934 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4935 #: apt.conf.5.xml:441
4936 msgid "Updateoptions"
4939 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4940 #: apt.conf.5.xml:442
4942 "The contents of this variable is passed to &apt-get; as command line options "
4943 "when it is run for the update phase."
4946 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4947 #: apt.conf.5.xml:446
4948 msgid "PromptAfterUpdate"
4951 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4952 #: apt.conf.5.xml:447
4954 "If true the [U]pdate operation in &dselect; will always prompt to continue. "
4955 "The default is to prompt only on error."
4958 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
4959 #: apt.conf.5.xml:453
4960 msgid "How APT calls dpkg"
4963 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4964 #: apt.conf.5.xml:454
4966 "Several configuration directives control how APT invokes &dpkg;. These are "
4967 "in the <literal>DPkg</literal> section."
4970 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4971 #: apt.conf.5.xml:459
4973 "This is a list of options to pass to dpkg. The options must be specified "
4974 "using the list notation and each list item is passed as a single argument to "
4978 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4979 #: apt.conf.5.xml:464
4983 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4984 #: apt.conf.5.xml:464
4988 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4989 #: apt.conf.5.xml:465
4991 "This is a list of shell commands to run before/after invoking &dpkg;. Like "
4992 "<literal>options</literal> this must be specified in list notation. The "
4993 "commands are invoked in order using <filename>/bin/sh</filename>, should any "
4994 "fail APT will abort."
4997 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4998 #: apt.conf.5.xml:471
4999 msgid "Pre-Install-Pkgs"
5002 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5003 #: apt.conf.5.xml:472
5005 "This is a list of shell commands to run before invoking dpkg. Like "
5006 "<literal>options</literal> this must be specified in list notation. The "
5007 "commands are invoked in order using <filename>/bin/sh</filename>, should any "
5008 "fail APT will abort. APT will pass to the commands on standard input the "
5009 "filenames of all .deb files it is going to install, one per line."
5012 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5013 #: apt.conf.5.xml:478
5015 "Version 2 of this protocol dumps more information, including the protocol "
5016 "version, the APT configuration space and the packages, files and versions "
5017 "being changed. Version 2 is enabled by setting "
5018 "<literal>DPkg::Tools::options::cmd::Version</literal> to "
5019 "2. <literal>cmd</literal> is a command given to "
5020 "<literal>Pre-Install-Pkgs</literal>."
5023 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5024 #: apt.conf.5.xml:485
5025 msgid "Run-Directory"
5028 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5029 #: apt.conf.5.xml:486
5031 "APT chdirs to this directory before invoking dpkg, the default is "
5032 "<filename>/</filename>."
5035 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5036 #: apt.conf.5.xml:490
5037 msgid "Build-options"
5040 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5041 #: apt.conf.5.xml:491
5043 "These options are passed to &dpkg-buildpackage; when compiling packages, the "
5044 "default is to disable signing and produce all binaries."
5047 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
5048 #: apt.conf.5.xml:496
5049 msgid "dpkg trigger usage (and related options)"
5052 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5053 #: apt.conf.5.xml:497
5055 "APT can call dpkg in a way so it can make aggressive use of triggers over "
5056 "multiply calls of dpkg. Without further options dpkg will use triggers only "
5057 "in between his own run. Activating these options can therefore decrease the "
5058 "time needed to perform the install / upgrade. Note that it is intended to "
5059 "activate these options per default in the future, but as it changes the way "
5060 "APT calling dpkg drastical it needs a lot more testing. <emphasis>These "
5061 "options are therefore currently experimental and should not be used in "
5062 "productive environments.</emphasis> Also it breaks the progress reporting so "
5063 "all frontends will currently stay around half (or more) of the time in the "
5064 "100% state while it actually configures all packages."
5067 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><literallayout>
5068 #: apt.conf.5.xml:512
5071 "DPkg::NoTriggers \"true\";\n"
5072 "PackageManager::Configure \"smart\";\n"
5073 "DPkg::ConfigurePending \"true\";\n"
5074 "DPkg::TriggersPending \"true\";"
5077 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5078 #: apt.conf.5.xml:506
5080 "Note that it is not garanteed that APT will support these options or that "
5081 "these options will not cause (big) trouble in the future. If you have "
5082 "understand the current risks and problems with these options, but are brave "
5083 "enough to help testing them create a new configuration file and test a "
5084 "combination of options. Please report any bugs, problems and improvements "
5085 "you encounter and make sure to note which options you have used in your "
5086 "reports. Asking dpkg for help could also be useful for debugging proposes, "
5087 "see e.g. <command>dpkg --audit</command>. A defensive option combination "
5088 "would be <placeholder type=\"literallayout\" id=\"0\"/>"
5091 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5092 #: apt.conf.5.xml:518
5093 msgid "DPkg::NoTriggers"
5096 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5097 #: apt.conf.5.xml:519
5099 "Add the no triggers flag to all dpkg calls (expect the ConfigurePending "
5100 "call). See &dpkg; if you are interested in what this actually means. In "
5101 "short: dpkg will not run the triggers then this flag is present unless it is "
5102 "explicit called to do so in an extra call. Note that this option exists "
5103 "(undocumented) also in older apt versions with a slightly different meaning: "
5104 "Previously these option only append --no-triggers to the configure calls to "
5105 "dpkg - now apt will add these flag also to the unpack and remove calls."
5108 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5109 #: apt.conf.5.xml:526
5110 msgid "PackageManager::Configure"
5113 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5114 #: apt.conf.5.xml:527
5116 "Valid values are \"<literal>all</literal>\", \"<literal>smart</literal>\" "
5117 "and \"<literal>no</literal>\". \"<literal>all</literal>\" is the default "
5118 "value and causes APT to configure all packages explicit. The "
5119 "\"<literal>smart</literal>\" way is it to configure only packages which need "
5120 "to be configured before another package can be unpacked (Pre-Depends) and "
5121 "let the rest configure by dpkg with a call generated by the next "
5122 "option. \"<literal>no</literal>\" on the other hand will not configure "
5123 "anything and totally relay on dpkg for configuration (which will at the "
5124 "moment fail if a Pre-Depends is encountered). Setting this option to "
5125 "another than the all value will implicit activate also the next option per "
5126 "default as otherwise the system could end in an unconfigured status which "
5127 "could be unbootable!"
5130 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5131 #: apt.conf.5.xml:537
5132 msgid "DPkg::ConfigurePending"
5135 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5136 #: apt.conf.5.xml:538
5138 "If this option is set apt will call <command>dpkg --configure "
5139 "--pending</command> to let dpkg handle all required configurations and "
5140 "triggers. This option is activated automatic per default if the previous "
5141 "option is not set to <literal>all</literal>, but deactivating could be "
5142 "useful if you want to run APT multiple times in a row - e.g. in an "
5143 "installer. In this sceneries you could deactivate this option in all but the "
5147 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5148 #: apt.conf.5.xml:544
5149 msgid "DPkg::TriggersPending"
5152 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5153 #: apt.conf.5.xml:545
5155 "Useful for <literal>smart</literal> configuration as a package which has "
5156 "pending triggers is not considered as <literal>installed</literal> and dpkg "
5157 "treats them as <literal>unpacked</literal> currently which is a dealbreaker "
5158 "for Pre-Dependencies (see debbugs #526774). Note that this will process all "
5159 "triggers, not only the triggers needed to configure this package."
5162 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5163 #: apt.conf.5.xml:550
5164 msgid "PackageManager::UnpackAll"
5167 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5168 #: apt.conf.5.xml:551
5170 "As the configuration can be deferred to be done at the end by dpkg it can be "
5171 "tried to order the unpack series only by critical needs, e.g. by "
5172 "Pre-Depends. Default is true and therefore the \"old\" method of ordering in "
5173 "verious steps by everything. While both method were present in earlier APT "
5174 "versions the <literal>OrderCritical</literal> method was unused, so this "
5175 "method is very experimental and needs further improvements before becoming "
5179 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5180 #: apt.conf.5.xml:558
5181 msgid "OrderList::Score::Immediate"
5184 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><literallayout>
5185 #: apt.conf.5.xml:566
5188 "OrderList::Score {\n"
5190 "\tEssential 200;\n"
5192 "\tPreDepends 50;\n"
5196 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5197 #: apt.conf.5.xml:559
5199 "Essential packages (and there dependencies) should be configured immediately "
5200 "after unpacking. It will be a good idea to do this quite early in the "
5201 "upgrade process as these these configure calls require currently also "
5202 "<literal>DPkg::TriggersPending</literal> which will run quite a few triggers "
5203 "(which maybe not needed). Essentials get per default a high score but the "
5204 "immediate flag is relativly low (a package which has a Pre-Depends is higher "
5205 "rated). These option and the others in the same group can be used to change "
5206 "the scoring. The following example shows the settings with there default "
5207 "values. <placeholder type=\"literallayout\" id=\"0\"/>"
5210 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
5211 #: apt.conf.5.xml:579
5212 msgid "Periodic and Archives options"
5215 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
5216 #: apt.conf.5.xml:580
5218 "<literal>APT::Periodic</literal> and <literal>APT::Archives</literal> groups "
5219 "of options configure behavior of apt periodic updates, which is done by "
5220 "<literal>/etc/cron.daily/apt</literal> script. See header of this script for "
5221 "the brief documentation of these options."
5224 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
5225 #: apt.conf.5.xml:588
5226 msgid "Debug options"
5229 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
5230 #: apt.conf.5.xml:590
5232 "Enabling options in the <literal>Debug::</literal> section will cause "
5233 "debugging information to be sent to the standard error stream of the program "
5234 "utilizing the <literal>apt</literal> libraries, or enable special program "
5235 "modes that are primarily useful for debugging the behavior of "
5236 "<literal>apt</literal>. Most of these options are not interesting to a "
5237 "normal user, but a few may be:"
5240 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
5241 #: apt.conf.5.xml:601
5243 "<literal>Debug::pkgProblemResolver</literal> enables output about the "
5244 "decisions made by <literal>dist-upgrade, upgrade, install, remove, "
5248 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
5249 #: apt.conf.5.xml:609
5251 "<literal>Debug::NoLocking</literal> disables all file locking. This can be "
5252 "used to run some operations (for instance, <literal>apt-get -s "
5253 "install</literal>) as a non-root user."
5256 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
5257 #: apt.conf.5.xml:618
5259 "<literal>Debug::pkgDPkgPM</literal> prints out the actual command line each "
5260 "time that <literal>apt</literal> invokes &dpkg;."
5264 #. motivating example, except I haven't a clue why you'd want
5266 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
5267 #: apt.conf.5.xml:626
5269 "<literal>Debug::IdentCdrom</literal> disables the inclusion of statfs data "
5273 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
5274 #: apt.conf.5.xml:636
5275 msgid "A full list of debugging options to apt follows."
5278 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5279 #: apt.conf.5.xml:641
5280 msgid "<literal>Debug::Acquire::cdrom</literal>"
5283 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5284 #: apt.conf.5.xml:645
5285 msgid "Print information related to accessing <literal>cdrom://</literal> sources."
5288 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5289 #: apt.conf.5.xml:652
5290 msgid "<literal>Debug::Acquire::ftp</literal>"
5293 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5294 #: apt.conf.5.xml:656
5295 msgid "Print information related to downloading packages using FTP."
5298 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5299 #: apt.conf.5.xml:663
5300 msgid "<literal>Debug::Acquire::http</literal>"
5303 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5304 #: apt.conf.5.xml:667
5305 msgid "Print information related to downloading packages using HTTP."
5308 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5309 #: apt.conf.5.xml:674
5310 msgid "<literal>Debug::Acquire::https</literal>"
5313 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5314 #: apt.conf.5.xml:678
5315 msgid "Print information related to downloading packages using HTTPS."
5318 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5319 #: apt.conf.5.xml:685
5320 msgid "<literal>Debug::Acquire::gpgv</literal>"
5323 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5324 #: apt.conf.5.xml:689
5326 "Print information related to verifying cryptographic signatures using "
5327 "<literal>gpg</literal>."
5330 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5331 #: apt.conf.5.xml:696
5332 msgid "<literal>Debug::aptcdrom</literal>"
5335 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5336 #: apt.conf.5.xml:700
5338 "Output information about the process of accessing collections of packages "
5339 "stored on CD-ROMs."
5342 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5343 #: apt.conf.5.xml:707
5344 msgid "<literal>Debug::BuildDeps</literal>"
5347 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5348 #: apt.conf.5.xml:710
5349 msgid "Describes the process of resolving build-dependencies in &apt-get;."
5352 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5353 #: apt.conf.5.xml:717
5354 msgid "<literal>Debug::Hashes</literal>"
5357 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5358 #: apt.conf.5.xml:720
5360 "Output each cryptographic hash that is generated by the "
5361 "<literal>apt</literal> libraries."
5364 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5365 #: apt.conf.5.xml:727
5366 msgid "<literal>Debug::IdentCDROM</literal>"
5369 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5370 #: apt.conf.5.xml:730
5372 "Do not include information from <literal>statfs</literal>, namely the number "
5373 "of used and free blocks on the CD-ROM filesystem, when generating an ID for "
5377 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5378 #: apt.conf.5.xml:738
5379 msgid "<literal>Debug::NoLocking</literal>"
5382 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5383 #: apt.conf.5.xml:741
5385 "Disable all file locking. For instance, this will allow two instances of "
5386 "<quote><literal>apt-get update</literal></quote> to run at the same time."
5389 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5390 #: apt.conf.5.xml:749
5391 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgAcquire</literal>"
5394 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5395 #: apt.conf.5.xml:753
5396 msgid "Log when items are added to or removed from the global download queue."
5399 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5400 #: apt.conf.5.xml:760
5401 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgAcquire::Auth</literal>"
5404 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5405 #: apt.conf.5.xml:763
5407 "Output status messages and errors related to verifying checksums and "
5408 "cryptographic signatures of downloaded files."
5411 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5412 #: apt.conf.5.xml:770
5413 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgAcquire::Diffs</literal>"
5416 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5417 #: apt.conf.5.xml:773
5419 "Output information about downloading and applying package index list diffs, "
5420 "and errors relating to package index list diffs."
5423 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5424 #: apt.conf.5.xml:781
5425 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgAcquire::RRed</literal>"
5428 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5429 #: apt.conf.5.xml:785
5431 "Output information related to patching apt package lists when downloading "
5432 "index diffs instead of full indices."
5435 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5436 #: apt.conf.5.xml:792
5437 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgAcquire::Worker</literal>"
5440 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5441 #: apt.conf.5.xml:796
5442 msgid "Log all interactions with the sub-processes that actually perform downloads."
5445 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5446 #: apt.conf.5.xml:803
5447 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgAutoRemove</literal>"
5450 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5451 #: apt.conf.5.xml:807
5453 "Log events related to the automatically-installed status of packages and to "
5454 "the removal of unused packages."
5457 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5458 #: apt.conf.5.xml:814
5459 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgDepCache::AutoInstall</literal>"
5462 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5463 #: apt.conf.5.xml:817
5465 "Generate debug messages describing which packages are being automatically "
5466 "installed to resolve dependencies. This corresponds to the initial "
5467 "auto-install pass performed in, e.g., <literal>apt-get install</literal>, "
5468 "and not to the full <literal>apt</literal> dependency resolver; see "
5469 "<literal>Debug::pkgProblemResolver</literal> for that."
5472 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5473 #: apt.conf.5.xml:828
5474 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgDepCache::Marker</literal>"
5477 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5478 #: apt.conf.5.xml:831
5480 "Generate debug messages describing which package is marked as "
5481 "keep/install/remove while the ProblemResolver does his work. Each addition "
5482 "or deletion may trigger additional actions; they are shown indented two "
5483 "additional space under the original entry. The format for each line is "
5484 "<literal>MarkKeep</literal>, <literal>MarkDelete</literal> or "
5485 "<literal>MarkInstall</literal> followed by <literal>package-name <a.b.c "
5486 "-> d.e.f | x.y.z> (section)</literal> where <literal>a.b.c</literal> "
5487 "is the current version of the package, <literal>d.e.f</literal> is the "
5488 "version considered for installation and <literal>x.y.z</literal> is a newer "
5489 "version, but not considered for installation (because of a low pin "
5490 "score). The later two can be omitted if there is none or if it is the same "
5491 "version as the installed. <literal>section</literal> is the name of the "
5492 "section the package appears in."
5495 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5496 #: apt.conf.5.xml:850
5497 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgInitConfig</literal>"
5500 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5501 #: apt.conf.5.xml:853
5502 msgid "Dump the default configuration to standard error on startup."
5505 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5506 #: apt.conf.5.xml:860
5507 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgDPkgPM</literal>"
5510 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5511 #: apt.conf.5.xml:863
5513 "When invoking &dpkg;, output the precise command line with which it is being "
5514 "invoked, with arguments separated by a single space character."
5517 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5518 #: apt.conf.5.xml:871
5519 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgDPkgProgressReporting</literal>"
5522 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5523 #: apt.conf.5.xml:874
5525 "Output all the data received from &dpkg; on the status file descriptor and "
5526 "any errors encountered while parsing it."
5529 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5530 #: apt.conf.5.xml:881
5531 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgOrderList</literal>"
5534 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5535 #: apt.conf.5.xml:885
5537 "Generate a trace of the algorithm that decides the order in which "
5538 "<literal>apt</literal> should pass packages to &dpkg;."
5541 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5542 #: apt.conf.5.xml:893
5543 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgPackageManager</literal>"
5546 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5547 #: apt.conf.5.xml:897
5548 msgid "Output status messages tracing the steps performed when invoking &dpkg;."
5551 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5552 #: apt.conf.5.xml:904
5553 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgPolicy</literal>"
5556 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5557 #: apt.conf.5.xml:908
5558 msgid "Output the priority of each package list on startup."
5561 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5562 #: apt.conf.5.xml:914
5563 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgProblemResolver</literal>"
5566 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5567 #: apt.conf.5.xml:918
5569 "Trace the execution of the dependency resolver (this applies only to what "
5570 "happens when a complex dependency problem is encountered)."
5573 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5574 #: apt.conf.5.xml:926
5575 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgProblemResolver::ShowScores</literal>"
5578 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5579 #: apt.conf.5.xml:929
5581 "Display a list of all installed packages with their calculated score used by "
5582 "the pkgProblemResolver. The description of the package is the same as "
5583 "described in <literal>Debug::pkgDepCache::Marker</literal>"
5586 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5587 #: apt.conf.5.xml:937
5588 msgid "<literal>Debug::sourceList</literal>"
5591 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5592 #: apt.conf.5.xml:941
5594 "Print information about the vendors read from "
5595 "<filename>/etc/apt/vendors.list</filename>."
5598 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
5599 #: apt.conf.5.xml:963
5601 "&configureindex; is a configuration file showing example values for all "
5605 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist>
5606 #: apt.conf.5.xml:970
5607 msgid "&file-aptconf;"
5610 #. ? reading apt.conf
5611 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
5612 #: apt.conf.5.xml:975
5613 msgid "&apt-cache;, &apt-config;, &apt-preferences;."
5616 #. The last update date
5617 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refentryinfo>
5618 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:13
5619 msgid "&apt-author.team; &apt-email; &apt-product; <date>04 May 2009</date>"
5622 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
5623 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:21 apt_preferences.5.xml:28
5624 msgid "apt_preferences"
5627 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
5628 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:29
5629 msgid "Preference control file for APT"
5632 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
5633 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:34
5635 "The APT preferences file <filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename> and the "
5636 "fragment files in the <filename>/etc/apt/preferences.d/</filename> folder "
5637 "can be used to control which versions of packages will be selected for "
5641 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
5642 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:39
5644 "Several versions of a package may be available for installation when the "
5645 "&sources-list; file contains references to more than one distribution (for "
5646 "example, <literal>stable</literal> and <literal>testing</literal>). APT "
5647 "assigns a priority to each version that is available. Subject to dependency "
5648 "constraints, <command>apt-get</command> selects the version with the highest "
5649 "priority for installation. The APT preferences file overrides the "
5650 "priorities that APT assigns to package versions by default, thus giving the "
5651 "user control over which one is selected for installation."
5654 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
5655 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:49
5657 "Several instances of the same version of a package may be available when the "
5658 "&sources-list; file contains references to more than one source. In this "
5659 "case <command>apt-get</command> downloads the instance listed earliest in "
5660 "the &sources-list; file. The APT preferences file does not affect the "
5661 "choice of instance, only the choice of version."
5664 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
5665 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:56
5666 msgid "APT's Default Priority Assignments"
5669 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting>
5670 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:71
5673 "<command>apt-get install -t testing "
5674 "<replaceable>some-package</replaceable></command>\n"
5677 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting>
5678 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:74
5680 msgid "APT::Default-Release \"stable\";\n"
5683 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5684 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:58
5686 "If there is no preferences file or if there is no entry in the file that "
5687 "applies to a particular version then the priority assigned to that version "
5688 "is the priority of the distribution to which that version belongs. It is "
5689 "possible to single out a distribution, \"the target release\", which "
5690 "receives a higher priority than other distributions do by default. The "
5691 "target release can be set on the <command>apt-get</command> command line or "
5692 "in the APT configuration file <filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf</filename>. Note "
5693 "that this has precedence over any general priority you set in the "
5694 "<filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename> file described later, but not over "
5695 "specifically pinned packages. For example, <placeholder "
5696 "type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/> <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" "
5700 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5701 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:83
5702 msgid "priority 100"
5705 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
5706 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:84
5707 msgid "to the version that is already installed (if any)."
5710 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5711 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:88
5712 msgid "priority 500"
5715 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
5716 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:89
5718 "to the versions that are not installed and do not belong to the target "
5722 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5723 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:93
5724 msgid "priority 990"
5727 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
5728 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:94
5729 msgid "to the versions that are not installed and belong to the target release."
5732 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5733 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:78
5735 "If the target release has been specified then APT uses the following "
5736 "algorithm to set the priorities of the versions of a package. Assign: "
5737 "<placeholder type=\"variablelist\" id=\"0\"/>"
5740 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5741 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:99
5743 "If the target release has not been specified then APT simply assigns "
5744 "priority 100 to all installed package versions and priority 500 to all "
5745 "uninstalled package versions."
5748 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5749 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:103
5751 "APT then applies the following rules, listed in order of precedence, to "
5752 "determine which version of a package to install."
5755 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
5756 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:106
5758 "Never downgrade unless the priority of an available version exceeds 1000. "
5759 "(\"Downgrading\" is installing a less recent version of a package in place "
5760 "of a more recent version. Note that none of APT's default priorities "
5761 "exceeds 1000; such high priorities can only be set in the preferences file. "
5762 "Note also that downgrading a package can be risky.)"
5765 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
5766 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:112
5767 msgid "Install the highest priority version."
5770 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
5771 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:113
5773 "If two or more versions have the same priority, install the most recent one "
5774 "(that is, the one with the higher version number)."
5777 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
5778 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:116
5780 "If two or more versions have the same priority and version number but either "
5781 "the packages differ in some of their metadata or the "
5782 "<literal>--reinstall</literal> option is given, install the uninstalled one."
5785 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5786 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:122
5788 "In a typical situation, the installed version of a package (priority 100) "
5789 "is not as recent as one of the versions available from the sources listed in "
5790 "the &sources-list; file (priority 500 or 990). Then the package will be "
5791 "upgraded when <command>apt-get install "
5792 "<replaceable>some-package</replaceable></command> or <command>apt-get "
5793 "upgrade</command> is executed."
5796 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5797 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:129
5799 "More rarely, the installed version of a package is <emphasis>more</emphasis> "
5800 "recent than any of the other available versions. The package will not be "
5801 "downgraded when <command>apt-get install "
5802 "<replaceable>some-package</replaceable></command> or <command>apt-get "
5803 "upgrade</command> is executed."
5806 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5807 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:134
5809 "Sometimes the installed version of a package is more recent than the version "
5810 "belonging to the target release, but not as recent as a version belonging to "
5811 "some other distribution. Such a package will indeed be upgraded when "
5812 "<command>apt-get install <replaceable>some-package</replaceable></command> "
5813 "or <command>apt-get upgrade</command> is executed, because at least "
5814 "<emphasis>one</emphasis> of the available versions has a higher priority "
5815 "than the installed version."
5818 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
5819 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:143
5820 msgid "The Effect of APT Preferences"
5823 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5824 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:145
5826 "The APT preferences file allows the system administrator to control the "
5827 "assignment of priorities. The file consists of one or more multi-line "
5828 "records separated by blank lines. Records can have one of two forms, a "
5829 "specific form and a general form."
5832 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
5833 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:151
5835 "The specific form assigns a priority (a \"Pin-Priority\") to one or more "
5836 "specified packages and specified version or version range. For example, the "
5837 "following record assigns a high priority to all versions of the "
5838 "<filename>perl</filename> package whose version number begins with "
5839 "\"<literal>5.8</literal>\". Multiple packages can be separated by spaces."
5842 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><programlisting>
5843 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:158
5847 "Pin: version 5.8*\n"
5848 "Pin-Priority: 1001\n"
5851 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
5852 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:164
5854 "The general form assigns a priority to all of the package versions in a "
5855 "given distribution (that is, to all the versions of packages that are listed "
5856 "in a certain <filename>Release</filename> file) or to all of the package "
5857 "versions coming from a particular Internet site, as identified by the site's "
5858 "fully qualified domain name."
5861 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
5862 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:170
5864 "This general-form entry in the APT preferences file applies only to groups "
5865 "of packages. For example, the following record assigns a high priority to "
5866 "all package versions available from the local site."
5869 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><programlisting>
5870 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:175
5874 "Pin: origin \"\"\n"
5875 "Pin-Priority: 999\n"
5878 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
5879 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:180
5881 "A note of caution: the keyword used here is \"<literal>origin</literal>\". "
5882 "This should not be confused with the Origin of a distribution as specified "
5883 "in a <filename>Release</filename> file. What follows the \"Origin:\" tag in "
5884 "a <filename>Release</filename> file is not an Internet address but an author "
5885 "or vendor name, such as \"Debian\" or \"Ximian\"."
5888 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
5889 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:186
5891 "The following record assigns a low priority to all package versions "
5892 "belonging to any distribution whose Archive name is "
5893 "\"<literal>unstable</literal>\"."
5896 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><programlisting>
5897 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:190
5901 "Pin: release a=unstable\n"
5902 "Pin-Priority: 50\n"
5905 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
5906 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:195
5908 "The following record assigns a high priority to all package versions "
5909 "belonging to any distribution whose Codename is "
5910 "\"<literal>squeeze</literal>\"."
5913 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><programlisting>
5914 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:199
5918 "Pin: release n=squeeze\n"
5919 "Pin-Priority: 900\n"
5922 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
5923 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:204
5925 "The following record assigns a high priority to all package versions "
5926 "belonging to any release whose Archive name is \"<literal>stable</literal>\" "
5927 "and whose release Version number is \"<literal>3.0</literal>\"."
5930 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><programlisting>
5931 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:209
5935 "Pin: release a=stable, v=3.0\n"
5936 "Pin-Priority: 500\n"
5939 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
5940 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:220
5941 msgid "How APT Interprets Priorities"
5944 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5945 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:228
5949 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
5950 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:229
5952 "causes a version to be installed even if this constitutes a downgrade of the "
5956 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5957 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:233
5958 msgid "990 < P <=1000"
5961 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
5962 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:234
5964 "causes a version to be installed even if it does not come from the target "
5965 "release, unless the installed version is more recent"
5968 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5969 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:239
5970 msgid "500 < P <=990"
5973 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
5974 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:240
5976 "causes a version to be installed unless there is a version available "
5977 "belonging to the target release or the installed version is more recent"
5980 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5981 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:245
5982 msgid "100 < P <=500"
5985 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
5986 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:246
5988 "causes a version to be installed unless there is a version available "
5989 "belonging to some other distribution or the installed version is more recent"
5992 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5993 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:251
5994 msgid "0 < P <=100"
5997 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
5998 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:252
6000 "causes a version to be installed only if there is no installed version of "
6004 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
6005 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:256
6009 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
6010 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:257
6011 msgid "prevents the version from being installed"
6014 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6015 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:223
6017 "Priorities (P) assigned in the APT preferences file must be positive or "
6018 "negative integers. They are interpreted as follows (roughly speaking): "
6019 "<placeholder type=\"variablelist\" id=\"0\"/>"
6022 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6023 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:262
6025 "If any specific-form records match an available package version then the "
6026 "first such record determines the priority of the package version. Failing "
6027 "that, if any general-form records match an available package version then "
6028 "the first such record determines the priority of the package version."
6031 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6032 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:268
6034 "For example, suppose the APT preferences file contains the three records "
6035 "presented earlier:"
6038 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><programlisting>
6039 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:272
6043 "Pin: version 5.8*\n"
6044 "Pin-Priority: 1001\n"
6047 "Pin: origin \"\"\n"
6048 "Pin-Priority: 999\n"
6051 "Pin: release unstable\n"
6052 "Pin-Priority: 50\n"
6055 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6056 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:285
6060 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
6061 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:287
6063 "The most recent available version of the <literal>perl</literal> package "
6064 "will be installed, so long as that version's version number begins with "
6065 "\"<literal>5.8</literal>\". If <emphasis>any</emphasis> 5.8* version of "
6066 "<literal>perl</literal> is available and the installed version is 5.9*, then "
6067 "<literal>perl</literal> will be downgraded."
6070 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
6071 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:292
6073 "A version of any package other than <literal>perl</literal> that is "
6074 "available from the local system has priority over other versions, even "
6075 "versions belonging to the target release."
6078 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
6079 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:296
6081 "A version of a package whose origin is not the local system but some other "
6082 "site listed in &sources-list; and which belongs to an "
6083 "<literal>unstable</literal> distribution is only installed if it is selected "
6084 "for installation and no version of the package is already installed."
6087 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
6088 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:306
6089 msgid "Determination of Package Version and Distribution Properties"
6092 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6093 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:308
6095 "The locations listed in the &sources-list; file should provide "
6096 "<filename>Packages</filename> and <filename>Release</filename> files to "
6097 "describe the packages available at that location."
6100 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
6101 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:320
6102 msgid "the <literal>Package:</literal> line"
6105 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
6106 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:321
6107 msgid "gives the package name"
6110 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
6111 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:324 apt_preferences.5.xml:374
6112 msgid "the <literal>Version:</literal> line"
6115 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
6116 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:325
6117 msgid "gives the version number for the named package"
6120 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6121 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:312
6123 "The <filename>Packages</filename> file is normally found in the directory "
6124 "<filename>.../dists/<replaceable>dist-name</replaceable>/<replaceable>component</replaceable>/<replaceable>arch</replaceable></filename>: "
6126 "<filename>.../dists/stable/main/binary-i386/Packages</filename>. It "
6127 "consists of a series of multi-line records, one for each package available "
6128 "in that directory. Only two lines in each record are relevant for setting "
6129 "APT priorities: <placeholder type=\"variablelist\" id=\"0\"/>"
6132 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
6133 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:341
6134 msgid "the <literal>Archive:</literal> or <literal>Suite:</literal> line"
6137 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
6138 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:342
6140 "names the archive to which all the packages in the directory tree belong. "
6141 "For example, the line \"Archive: stable\" or \"Suite: stable\" specifies "
6142 "that all of the packages in the directory tree below the parent of the "
6143 "<filename>Release</filename> file are in a <literal>stable</literal> "
6144 "archive. Specifying this value in the APT preferences file would require "
6148 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><programlisting>
6149 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:352
6151 msgid "Pin: release a=stable\n"
6154 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
6155 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:358
6156 msgid "the <literal>Codename:</literal> line"
6159 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
6160 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:359
6162 "names the codename to which all the packages in the directory tree belong. "
6163 "For example, the line \"Codename: squeeze\" specifies that all of the "
6164 "packages in the directory tree below the parent of the "
6165 "<filename>Release</filename> file belong to a version named "
6166 "<literal>squeeze</literal>. Specifying this value in the APT preferences "
6167 "file would require the line:"
6170 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><programlisting>
6171 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:368
6173 msgid "Pin: release n=squeeze\n"
6176 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
6177 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:375
6179 "names the release version. For example, the packages in the tree might "
6180 "belong to Debian GNU/Linux release version 3.0. Note that there is normally "
6181 "no version number for the <literal>testing</literal> and "
6182 "<literal>unstable</literal> distributions because they have not been "
6183 "released yet. Specifying this in the APT preferences file would require one "
6184 "of the following lines."
6187 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><programlisting>
6188 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:384
6191 "Pin: release v=3.0\n"
6192 "Pin: release a=stable, v=3.0\n"
6193 "Pin: release 3.0\n"
6196 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
6197 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:393
6198 msgid "the <literal>Component:</literal> line"
6201 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
6202 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:394
6204 "names the licensing component associated with the packages in the directory "
6205 "tree of the <filename>Release</filename> file. For example, the line "
6206 "\"Component: main\" specifies that all the packages in the directory tree "
6207 "are from the <literal>main</literal> component, which entails that they are "
6208 "licensed under terms listed in the Debian Free Software Guidelines. "
6209 "Specifying this component in the APT preferences file would require the "
6213 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><programlisting>
6214 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:403
6216 msgid "Pin: release c=main\n"
6219 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
6220 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:409
6221 msgid "the <literal>Origin:</literal> line"
6224 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
6225 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:410
6227 "names the originator of the packages in the directory tree of the "
6228 "<filename>Release</filename> file. Most commonly, this is "
6229 "<literal>Debian</literal>. Specifying this origin in the APT preferences "
6230 "file would require the line:"
6233 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><programlisting>
6234 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:416
6236 msgid "Pin: release o=Debian\n"
6239 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
6240 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:422
6241 msgid "the <literal>Label:</literal> line"
6244 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
6245 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:423
6247 "names the label of the packages in the directory tree of the "
6248 "<filename>Release</filename> file. Most commonly, this is "
6249 "<literal>Debian</literal>. Specifying this label in the APT preferences "
6250 "file would require the line:"
6253 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><programlisting>
6254 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:429
6256 msgid "Pin: release l=Debian\n"
6259 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6260 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:330
6262 "The <filename>Release</filename> file is normally found in the directory "
6263 "<filename>.../dists/<replaceable>dist-name</replaceable></filename>: for "
6264 "example, <filename>.../dists/stable/Release</filename>, or "
6265 "<filename>.../dists/woody/Release</filename>. It consists of a single "
6266 "multi-line record which applies to <emphasis>all</emphasis> of the packages "
6267 "in the directory tree below its parent. Unlike the "
6268 "<filename>Packages</filename> file, nearly all of the lines in a "
6269 "<filename>Release</filename> file are relevant for setting APT priorities: "
6270 "<placeholder type=\"variablelist\" id=\"0\"/>"
6273 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6274 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:436
6276 "All of the <filename>Packages</filename> and <filename>Release</filename> "
6277 "files retrieved from locations listed in the &sources-list; file are stored "
6278 "in the directory <filename>/var/lib/apt/lists</filename>, or in the file "
6279 "named by the variable <literal>Dir::State::Lists</literal> in the "
6280 "<filename>apt.conf</filename> file. For example, the file "
6281 "<filename>debian.lcs.mit.edu_debian_dists_unstable_contrib_binary-i386_Release</filename> "
6282 "contains the <filename>Release</filename> file retrieved from the site "
6283 "<literal>debian.lcs.mit.edu</literal> for <literal>binary-i386</literal> "
6284 "architecture files from the <literal>contrib</literal> component of the "
6285 "<literal>unstable</literal> distribution."
6288 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
6289 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:449
6290 msgid "Optional Lines in an APT Preferences Record"
6293 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6294 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:451
6296 "Each record in the APT preferences file can optionally begin with one or "
6297 "more lines beginning with the word <literal>Explanation:</literal>. This "
6298 "provides a place for comments."
6301 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6302 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:455
6304 "The <literal>Pin-Priority:</literal> line in each APT preferences record is "
6305 "optional. If omitted, APT assigns a priority of 1 less than the last value "
6306 "specified on a line beginning with <literal>Pin-Priority: release "
6310 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
6311 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:464
6312 msgid "Tracking Stable"
6315 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting>
6316 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:472
6319 "Explanation: Uninstall or do not install any Debian-originated\n"
6320 "Explanation: package versions other than those in the stable distro\n"
6322 "Pin: release a=stable\n"
6323 "Pin-Priority: 900\n"
6326 "Pin: release o=Debian\n"
6327 "Pin-Priority: -10\n"
6330 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6331 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:466
6333 "The following APT preferences file will cause APT to assign a priority "
6334 "higher than the default (500) to all package versions belonging to a "
6335 "<literal>stable</literal> distribution and a prohibitively low priority to "
6336 "package versions belonging to other <literal>Debian</literal> "
6337 "distributions. <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>"
6340 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting>
6341 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:489 apt_preferences.5.xml:535 apt_preferences.5.xml:593
6344 "apt-get install <replaceable>package-name</replaceable>\n"
6346 "apt-get dist-upgrade\n"
6349 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6350 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:484
6352 "With a suitable &sources-list; file and the above preferences file, any of "
6353 "the following commands will cause APT to upgrade to the latest "
6354 "<literal>stable</literal> version(s). <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" "
6358 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting>
6359 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:501
6361 msgid "apt-get install <replaceable>package</replaceable>/testing\n"
6364 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6365 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:495
6367 "The following command will cause APT to upgrade the specified package to the "
6368 "latest version from the <literal>testing</literal> distribution; the package "
6369 "will not be upgraded again unless this command is given again. <placeholder "
6370 "type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>"
6373 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
6374 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:507
6375 msgid "Tracking Testing or Unstable"
6378 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting>
6379 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:516
6383 "Pin: release a=testing\n"
6384 "Pin-Priority: 900\n"
6387 "Pin: release a=unstable\n"
6388 "Pin-Priority: 800\n"
6391 "Pin: release o=Debian\n"
6392 "Pin-Priority: -10\n"
6395 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6396 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:509
6398 "The following APT preferences file will cause APT to assign a high priority "
6399 "to package versions from the <literal>testing</literal> distribution, a "
6400 "lower priority to package versions from the <literal>unstable</literal> "
6401 "distribution, and a prohibitively low priority to package versions from "
6402 "other <literal>Debian</literal> distributions. <placeholder "
6403 "type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>"
6406 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6407 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:530
6409 "With a suitable &sources-list; file and the above preferences file, any of "
6410 "the following commands will cause APT to upgrade to the latest "
6411 "<literal>testing</literal> version(s). <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" "
6415 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting>
6416 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:550
6418 msgid "apt-get install <replaceable>package</replaceable>/unstable\n"
6421 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6422 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:541
6424 "The following command will cause APT to upgrade the specified package to the "
6425 "latest version from the <literal>unstable</literal> distribution. "
6426 "Thereafter, <command>apt-get upgrade</command> will upgrade the package to "
6427 "the most recent <literal>testing</literal> version if that is more recent "
6428 "than the installed version, otherwise, to the most recent "
6429 "<literal>unstable</literal> version if that is more recent than the "
6430 "installed version. <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>"
6433 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
6434 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:557
6435 msgid "Tracking the evolution of a codename release"
6438 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting>
6439 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:571
6442 "Explanation: Uninstall or do not install any Debian-originated package "
6444 "Explanation: other than those in the distribution codenamed with squeeze or "
6447 "Pin: release n=squeeze\n"
6448 "Pin-Priority: 900\n"
6450 "Explanation: Debian unstable is always codenamed with sid\n"
6452 "Pin: release a=sid\n"
6453 "Pin-Priority: 800\n"
6456 "Pin: release o=Debian\n"
6457 "Pin-Priority: -10\n"
6460 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6461 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:559
6463 "The following APT preferences file will cause APT to assign a priority "
6464 "higher than the default (500) to all package versions belonging to a "
6465 "specified codename of a distribution and a prohibitively low priority to "
6466 "package versions belonging to other <literal>Debian</literal> distributions, "
6467 "codenames and archives. Note that with this APT preference APT will follow "
6468 "the migration of a release from the archive <literal>testing</literal> to "
6469 "<literal>stable</literal> and later <literal>oldstable</literal>. If you "
6470 "want to follow for example the progress in <literal>testing</literal> "
6471 "notwithstanding the codename changes you should use the example "
6472 "configurations above. <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>"
6475 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6476 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:588
6478 "With a suitable &sources-list; file and the above preferences file, any of "
6479 "the following commands will cause APT to upgrade to the latest version(s) in "
6480 "the release codenamed with <literal>squeeze</literal>. <placeholder "
6481 "type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>"
6484 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting>
6485 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:608
6487 msgid "apt-get install <replaceable>package</replaceable>/sid\n"
6490 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6491 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:599
6493 "The following command will cause APT to upgrade the specified package to the "
6494 "latest version from the <literal>sid</literal> distribution. Thereafter, "
6495 "<command>apt-get upgrade</command> will upgrade the package to the most "
6496 "recent <literal>squeeze</literal> version if that is more recent than the "
6497 "installed version, otherwise, to the most recent <literal>sid</literal> "
6498 "version if that is more recent than the installed version. <placeholder "
6499 "type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>"
6502 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist>
6503 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:617
6504 msgid "&file-preferences;"
6507 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6508 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:623
6509 msgid "&apt-get; &apt-cache; &apt-conf; &sources-list;"
6512 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
6513 #: sources.list.5.xml:22 sources.list.5.xml:29
6514 msgid "sources.list"
6517 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
6518 #: sources.list.5.xml:30
6519 msgid "Package resource list for APT"
6522 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6523 #: sources.list.5.xml:34
6525 "The package resource list is used to locate archives of the package "
6526 "distribution system in use on the system. At this time, this manual page "
6527 "documents only the packaging system used by the Debian GNU/Linux system. "
6528 "This control file is located in <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename>"
6531 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6532 #: sources.list.5.xml:39
6534 "The source list is designed to support any number of active sources and a "
6535 "variety of source media. The file lists one source per line, with the most "
6536 "preferred source listed first. The format of each line is: <literal>type uri "
6537 "args</literal> The first item, <literal>type</literal> determines the format "
6538 "for <literal>args</literal> <literal>uri</literal> is a Universal Resource "
6539 "Identifier (URI), which is a superset of the more specific and well-known "
6540 "Universal Resource Locator, or URL. The rest of the line can be marked as a "
6541 "comment by using a #."
6544 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
6545 #: sources.list.5.xml:50
6546 msgid "sources.list.d"
6549 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6550 #: sources.list.5.xml:51
6552 "The <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list.d</filename> directory provides a way to "
6553 "add sources.list entries in separate files. The format is the same as for "
6554 "the regular <filename>sources.list</filename> file. File names need to end "
6555 "with <filename>.list</filename> and may only contain letters (a-z and A-Z), "
6556 "digits (0-9), underscore (_), hyphen (-) and period (.) characters. "
6557 "Otherwise they will be silently ignored."
6560 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
6561 #: sources.list.5.xml:60
6562 msgid "The deb and deb-src types"
6565 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6566 #: sources.list.5.xml:61
6568 "The <literal>deb</literal> type describes a typical two-level Debian "
6569 "archive, <filename>distribution/component</filename>. Typically, "
6570 "<literal>distribution</literal> is generally one of "
6571 "<literal>stable</literal> <literal>unstable</literal> or "
6572 "<literal>testing</literal> while component is one of <literal>main</literal> "
6573 "<literal>contrib</literal> <literal>non-free</literal> or "
6574 "<literal>non-us</literal> The <literal>deb-src</literal> type describes a "
6575 "debian distribution's source code in the same form as the "
6576 "<literal>deb</literal> type. A <literal>deb-src</literal> line is required "
6577 "to fetch source indexes."
6580 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6581 #: sources.list.5.xml:73
6583 "The format for a <filename>sources.list</filename> entry using the "
6584 "<literal>deb</literal> and <literal>deb-src</literal> types are:"
6587 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout>
6588 #: sources.list.5.xml:76
6590 msgid "deb uri distribution [component1] [component2] [...]"
6593 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6594 #: sources.list.5.xml:78
6596 "The URI for the <literal>deb</literal> type must specify the base of the "
6597 "Debian distribution, from which APT will find the information it needs. "
6598 "<literal>distribution</literal> can specify an exact path, in which case the "
6599 "components must be omitted and <literal>distribution</literal> must end with "
6600 "a slash (/). This is useful for when only a particular sub-section of the "
6601 "archive denoted by the URI is of interest. If "
6602 "<literal>distribution</literal> does not specify an exact path, at least one "
6603 "<literal>component</literal> must be present."
6606 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6607 #: sources.list.5.xml:87
6609 "<literal>distribution</literal> may also contain a variable, "
6610 "<literal>$(ARCH)</literal> which expands to the Debian architecture (i386, "
6611 "m68k, powerpc, ...) used on the system. This permits "
6612 "architecture-independent <filename>sources.list</filename> files to be "
6613 "used. In general this is only of interest when specifying an exact path, "
6614 "<literal>APT</literal> will automatically generate a URI with the current "
6615 "architecture otherwise."
6618 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6619 #: sources.list.5.xml:95
6621 "Since only one distribution can be specified per line it may be necessary to "
6622 "have multiple lines for the same URI, if a subset of all available "
6623 "distributions or components at that location is desired. APT will sort the "
6624 "URI list after it has generated a complete set internally, and will collapse "
6625 "multiple references to the same Internet host, for instance, into a single "
6626 "connection, so that it does not inefficiently establish an FTP connection, "
6627 "close it, do something else, and then re-establish a connection to that same "
6628 "host. This feature is useful for accessing busy FTP sites with limits on the "
6629 "number of simultaneous anonymous users. APT also parallelizes connections to "
6630 "different hosts to more effectively deal with sites with low bandwidth."
6633 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6634 #: sources.list.5.xml:107
6636 "It is important to list sources in order of preference, with the most "
6637 "preferred source listed first. Typically this will result in sorting by "
6638 "speed from fastest to slowest (CD-ROM followed by hosts on a local network, "
6639 "followed by distant Internet hosts, for example)."
6642 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6643 #: sources.list.5.xml:112
6644 msgid "Some examples:"
6647 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout>
6648 #: sources.list.5.xml:114
6651 "deb http://http.us.debian.org/debian stable main contrib non-free\n"
6652 "deb http://http.us.debian.org/debian dists/stable-updates/\n"
6656 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
6657 #: sources.list.5.xml:120
6658 msgid "URI specification"
6661 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
6662 #: sources.list.5.xml:125
6666 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
6667 #: sources.list.5.xml:127
6669 "The file scheme allows an arbitrary directory in the file system to be "
6670 "considered an archive. This is useful for NFS mounts and local mirrors or "
6674 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
6675 #: sources.list.5.xml:134
6677 "The cdrom scheme allows APT to use a local CDROM drive with media "
6678 "swapping. Use the &apt-cdrom; program to create cdrom entries in the source "
6682 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
6683 #: sources.list.5.xml:141
6685 "The http scheme specifies an HTTP server for the archive. If an environment "
6686 "variable <envar>http_proxy</envar> is set with the format "
6687 "http://server:port/, the proxy server specified in <envar>http_proxy</envar> "
6688 "will be used. Users of authenticated HTTP/1.1 proxies may use a string of "
6689 "the format http://user:pass@server:port/ Note that this is an insecure "
6690 "method of authentication."
6693 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
6694 #: sources.list.5.xml:152
6696 "The ftp scheme specifies an FTP server for the archive. APT's FTP behavior "
6697 "is highly configurable; for more information see the &apt-conf; manual "
6698 "page. Please note that a ftp proxy can be specified by using the "
6699 "<envar>ftp_proxy</envar> environment variable. It is possible to specify a "
6700 "http proxy (http proxy servers often understand ftp urls) using this method "
6701 "and ONLY this method. ftp proxies using http specified in the configuration "
6702 "file will be ignored."
6705 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
6706 #: sources.list.5.xml:161
6710 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
6711 #: sources.list.5.xml:163
6713 "The copy scheme is identical to the file scheme except that packages are "
6714 "copied into the cache directory instead of used directly at their location. "
6715 "This is useful for people using a zip disk to copy files around with APT."
6718 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
6719 #: sources.list.5.xml:168
6723 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
6724 #: sources.list.5.xml:168
6728 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
6729 #: sources.list.5.xml:170
6731 "The rsh/ssh method invokes rsh/ssh to connect to a remote host as a given "
6732 "user and access the files. It is a good idea to do prior arrangements with "
6733 "RSA keys or rhosts. Access to files on the remote uses standard "
6734 "<command>find</command> and <command>dd</command> commands to perform the "
6735 "file transfers from the remote."
6738 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6739 #: sources.list.5.xml:122
6741 "The currently recognized URI types are cdrom, file, http, ftp, copy, ssh, "
6742 "rsh. <placeholder type=\"variablelist\" id=\"0\"/>"
6745 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6746 #: sources.list.5.xml:182
6748 "Uses the archive stored locally (or NFS mounted) at /home/jason/debian for "
6749 "stable/main, stable/contrib, and stable/non-free."
6752 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout>
6753 #: sources.list.5.xml:184
6755 msgid "deb file:/home/jason/debian stable main contrib non-free"
6758 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6759 #: sources.list.5.xml:186
6760 msgid "As above, except this uses the unstable (development) distribution."
6763 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout>
6764 #: sources.list.5.xml:187
6766 msgid "deb file:/home/jason/debian unstable main contrib non-free"
6769 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6770 #: sources.list.5.xml:189
6771 msgid "Source line for the above"
6774 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout>
6775 #: sources.list.5.xml:190
6777 msgid "deb-src file:/home/jason/debian unstable main contrib non-free"
6780 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6781 #: sources.list.5.xml:192
6783 "Uses HTTP to access the archive at archive.debian.org, and uses only the "
6787 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout>
6788 #: sources.list.5.xml:194
6790 msgid "deb http://archive.debian.org/debian-archive hamm main"
6793 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6794 #: sources.list.5.xml:196
6796 "Uses FTP to access the archive at ftp.debian.org, under the debian "
6797 "directory, and uses only the stable/contrib area."
6800 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout>
6801 #: sources.list.5.xml:198
6803 msgid "deb ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian stable contrib"
6806 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6807 #: sources.list.5.xml:200
6809 "Uses FTP to access the archive at ftp.debian.org, under the debian "
6810 "directory, and uses only the unstable/contrib area. If this line appears as "
6811 "well as the one in the previous example in "
6812 "<filename>sources.list</filename>. a single FTP session will be used for "
6813 "both resource lines."
6816 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout>
6817 #: sources.list.5.xml:204
6819 msgid "deb ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian unstable contrib"
6822 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6823 #: sources.list.5.xml:206
6825 "Uses HTTP to access the archive at nonus.debian.org, under the debian-non-US "
6829 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout>
6830 #: sources.list.5.xml:208
6833 "deb http://nonus.debian.org/debian-non-US stable/non-US main contrib "
6837 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><literallayout>
6838 #: sources.list.5.xml:217
6840 msgid "deb http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US unstable/binary-$(ARCH)/"
6843 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6844 #: sources.list.5.xml:210
6846 "Uses HTTP to access the archive at nonus.debian.org, under the debian-non-US "
6847 "directory, and uses only files found under "
6848 "<filename>unstable/binary-i386</filename> on i386 machines, "
6849 "<filename>unstable/binary-m68k</filename> on m68k, and so forth for other "
6850 "supported architectures. [Note this example only illustrates how to use the "
6851 "substitution variable; non-us is no longer structured like this] "
6852 "<placeholder type=\"literallayout\" id=\"0\"/>"
6855 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6856 #: sources.list.5.xml:222
6857 msgid "&apt-cache; &apt-conf;"