1 # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE
2 # Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc.
3 # This file is distributed under the same license as the PACKAGE package.
4 # FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
9 "Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
10 "POT-Creation-Date: 2009-12-01 19:13+0100\n"
11 "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
12 "Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
13 "Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
15 "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8\n"
16 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: ENCODING"
33 msgid "Debian GNU/Linux"
44 msgid "apt - Advanced Package Tool"
67 "APT is a management system for software packages. For normal day to day "
68 "package management there are several frontends available, such as "
69 "B<aptitude>(8) for the command line or B<synaptic>(8) for the X Window "
70 "System. Some options are only implemented in B<apt-get>(8) though."
99 "B<apt-cache>(8), B<apt-get>(8), B<apt.conf>(5), B<sources.list>(5), "
100 "B<apt_preferences>(5), B<apt-secure>(8)"
111 msgid "apt returns zero on normal operation, decimal 100 on error."
122 msgid "This manpage isn't even started."
128 "See E<lt>http://bugs.debian.org/aptE<gt>. If you wish to report a bug in "
129 "B<apt>, please see I</usr/share/doc/debian/bug-reporting.txt> or the "
130 "B<reportbug>(1) command."
141 msgid "apt was written by the APT team E<lt>apt@packages.debian.orgE<gt>."
146 msgid "<!-- -*- mode: sgml; mode: fold -*- -->"
152 "<!-- Some common paths.. --> <!ENTITY docdir \"/usr/share/doc/apt/\"> "
153 "<!ENTITY guidesdir \"/usr/share/doc/apt-doc/\"> <!ENTITY configureindex "
154 "\"<filename>&docdir;examples/configure-index.gz</filename>\"> <!ENTITY "
155 "aptconfdir \"<filename>/etc/apt.conf</filename>\"> <!ENTITY statedir "
156 "\"/var/lib/apt\"> <!ENTITY cachedir \"/var/cache/apt\">"
163 "<!-- Cross references to other man pages -->\n"
164 "<!ENTITY apt-conf \"<citerefentry>\n"
165 " <refentrytitle><filename>apt.conf</filename></refentrytitle>\n"
166 " <manvolnum>5</manvolnum>\n"
167 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
175 "<!ENTITY apt-get \"<citerefentry>\n"
176 " <refentrytitle><command>apt-get</command></refentrytitle>\n"
177 " <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>\n"
178 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
186 "<!ENTITY apt-config \"<citerefentry>\n"
187 " <refentrytitle><command>apt-config</command></refentrytitle>\n"
188 " <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>\n"
189 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
197 "<!ENTITY apt-cdrom \"<citerefentry>\n"
198 " <refentrytitle><command>apt-cdrom</command></refentrytitle>\n"
199 " <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>\n"
200 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
208 "<!ENTITY apt-cache \"<citerefentry>\n"
209 " <refentrytitle><command>apt-cache</command></refentrytitle>\n"
210 " <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>\n"
211 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
219 "<!ENTITY apt-preferences \"<citerefentry>\n"
220 " <refentrytitle><command>apt_preferences</command></refentrytitle>\n"
221 " <manvolnum>5</manvolnum>\n"
222 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
230 "<!ENTITY apt-key \"<citerefentry>\n"
231 " <refentrytitle><command>apt-key</command></refentrytitle>\n"
232 " <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>\n"
233 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
241 "<!ENTITY apt-secure \"<citerefentry>\n"
242 " <refentrytitle>apt-secure</refentrytitle>\n"
243 " <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>\n"
244 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
252 "<!ENTITY apt-ftparchive \"<citerefentry>\n"
253 " <refentrytitle><filename>apt-ftparchive</filename></refentrytitle>\n"
254 " <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>\n"
255 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
263 "<!ENTITY sources-list \"<citerefentry>\n"
264 " <refentrytitle><filename>sources.list</filename></refentrytitle>\n"
265 " <manvolnum>5</manvolnum>\n"
266 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
274 "<!ENTITY reportbug \"<citerefentry>\n"
275 " <refentrytitle><command>reportbug</command></refentrytitle>\n"
276 " <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>\n"
277 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
285 "<!ENTITY dpkg \"<citerefentry>\n"
286 " <refentrytitle><command>dpkg</command></refentrytitle>\n"
287 " <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>\n"
288 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
296 "<!ENTITY dpkg-buildpackage \"<citerefentry>\n"
297 " <refentrytitle><command>dpkg-buildpackage</command></refentrytitle>\n"
298 " <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>\n"
299 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
307 "<!ENTITY gzip \"<citerefentry>\n"
308 " <refentrytitle><command>gzip</command></refentrytitle>\n"
309 " <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>\n"
310 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
318 "<!ENTITY dpkg-scanpackages \"<citerefentry>\n"
319 " <refentrytitle><command>dpkg-scanpackages</command></refentrytitle>\n"
320 " <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>\n"
321 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
329 "<!ENTITY dpkg-scansources \"<citerefentry>\n"
330 " <refentrytitle><command>dpkg-scansources</command></refentrytitle>\n"
331 " <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>\n"
332 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
340 "<!ENTITY dselect \"<citerefentry>\n"
341 " <refentrytitle><command>dselect</command></refentrytitle>\n"
342 " <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>\n"
343 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
351 "<!ENTITY aptitude \"<citerefentry>\n"
352 " <refentrytitle><command>aptitude</command></refentrytitle>\n"
353 " <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>\n"
354 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
362 "<!ENTITY synaptic \"<citerefentry>\n"
363 " <refentrytitle><command>synaptic</command></refentrytitle>\n"
364 " <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>\n"
365 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
373 "<!ENTITY debsign \"<citerefentry>\n"
374 " <refentrytitle><command>debsign</command></refentrytitle>\n"
375 " <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>\n"
376 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
384 "<!ENTITY debsig-verify \"<citerefentry>\n"
385 " <refentrytitle><command>debsig-verify</command></refentrytitle>\n"
386 " <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>\n"
387 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
395 "<!ENTITY gpg \"<citerefentry>\n"
396 " <refentrytitle><command>gpg</command></refentrytitle>\n"
397 " <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>\n"
398 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
406 "<!ENTITY gnome-apt \"<citerefentry>\n"
407 " <refentrytitle><command>gnome-apt</command></refentrytitle>\n"
408 " <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>\n"
409 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
417 "<!ENTITY wajig \"<citerefentry>\n"
418 " <refentrytitle><command>wajig</command></refentrytitle>\n"
419 " <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>\n"
420 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
428 "<!-- Boiler plate docinfo section -->\n"
429 "<!ENTITY apt-docinfo \"\n"
431 " <address><email>apt@packages.debian.org</email></address>\n"
433 " <firstname>Jason</firstname> <surname>Gunthorpe</surname>\n"
434 " <contrib></contrib>\n"
436 " <copyright><year>1998-2001</year> <holder>Jason "
437 "Gunthorpe</holder></copyright>\n"
438 " <date>28 October 2008</date>\n"
439 " <productname>Linux</productname>\n"
454 "<!ENTITY apt-email \"\n"
456 " <email>apt@packages.debian.org</email>\n"
465 "<!ENTITY apt-author.jgunthorpe \"\n"
467 " <firstname>Jason</firstname>\n"
468 " <surname>Gunthorpe</surname>\n"
469 " <contrib></contrib>\n"
478 "<!ENTITY apt-author.moconnor \"\n"
480 " <firstname>Mike</firstname>\n"
481 " <surname>O'Connor</surname>\n"
482 " <contrib></contrib>\n"
491 "<!ENTITY apt-author.team \"\n"
493 " <othername>APT team</othername>\n"
494 " <contrib></contrib>\n"
500 #: apt.ent:204 apt.ent:215
503 "<!ENTITY apt-product \"\n"
504 " <productname>Linux</productname>\n"
512 "<!ENTITY apt-copyright \"\n"
514 " <holder>Jason Gunthorpe</holder>\n"
515 " <year>1998-2001</year>\n"
524 "<!ENTITY apt-qapage \"\n"
526 "\t\t<ulink url='http://packages.qa.debian.org/a/apt.html'>QA Page</ulink>\n"
535 "<!-- Boiler plate Bug reporting section -->\n"
536 "<!ENTITY manbugs \"\n"
537 " <refsect1><title>Bugs</title>\n"
538 " <para><ulink url='http://bugs.debian.org/src:apt'>APT bug "
540 " If you wish to report a bug in APT, please see\n"
541 " <filename>/usr/share/doc/debian/bug-reporting.txt</filename> or the\n"
542 " &reportbug; command.\n"
552 "<!-- Boiler plate Author section -->\n"
553 "<!ENTITY manauthor \"\n"
554 " <refsect1><title>Author</title>\n"
555 " <para>APT was written by the APT team "
556 "<email>apt@packages.debian.org</email>.\n"
566 "<!-- Should be used within the option section of the text to\n"
567 " put in the blurb about -h, -v, -c and -o -->\n"
568 "<!ENTITY apt-commonoptions \"\n"
569 " <varlistentry><term><option>-h</option></term>\n"
570 " <term><option>--help</option></term>\n"
571 " <listitem><para>Show a short usage summary.\n"
582 " <term><option>-v</option></term>\n"
583 " <term><option>--version</option></term>\n"
584 " <listitem><para>Show the program version.\n"
595 " <term><option>-c</option></term>\n"
596 " <term><option>--config-file</option></term>\n"
597 " <listitem><para>Configuration File; Specify a configuration file to "
599 " The program will read the default configuration file and then this \n"
600 " configuration file. See &apt-conf; for syntax information. \n"
611 " <term><option>-o</option></term>\n"
612 " <term><option>--option</option></term>\n"
613 " <listitem><para>Set a Configuration Option; This will set an "
615 " configuration option. The syntax is <option>-o "
616 "Foo::Bar=bar</option>.\n"
617 " <option>-o</option> and <option>--option</option> can be used "
619 " times to set different options.\n"
630 "<!-- Should be used within the option section of the text to\n"
631 " put in the blurb about -h, -v, -c and -o -->\n"
632 "<!ENTITY apt-cmdblurb \"\n"
633 " <para>All command line options may be set using the configuration file, "
635 " descriptions indicate the configuration option to set. For boolean\n"
636 " options you can override the config file by using something like \n"
637 " <option>-f-</option>,<option>--no-f</option>, <option>-f=no</option>\n"
638 " or several other variations.\n"
647 "<!ENTITY file-aptconf \"\n"
648 " <varlistentry><term><filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf</filename></term>\n"
649 " <listitem><para>APT configuration file.\n"
650 " Configuration Item: "
651 "<literal>Dir::Etc::Main</literal>.</para></listitem>\n"
659 " <varlistentry><term><filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/</filename></term>\n"
660 " <listitem><para>APT configuration file fragments.\n"
661 " Configuration Item: "
662 "<literal>Dir::Etc::Parts</literal>.</para></listitem>\n"
671 "<!ENTITY file-cachearchives \"\n"
672 " <varlistentry><term><filename>&cachedir;/archives/</filename></term>\n"
673 " <listitem><para>Storage area for retrieved package files.\n"
674 " Configuration Item: "
675 "<literal>Dir::Cache::Archives</literal>.</para></listitem>\n"
684 "<varlistentry><term><filename>&cachedir;/archives/partial/</filename></term>\n"
685 " <listitem><para>Storage area for package files in transit.\n"
686 " Configuration Item: <literal>Dir::Cache::Archives</literal> (implicit "
687 "partial). </para></listitem>\n"
696 "<!ENTITY file-preferences \"\n"
697 " <varlistentry><term><filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename></term>\n"
698 " <listitem><para>Version preferences file.\n"
699 " This is where you would specify "pinning",\n"
700 " i.e. a preference to get certain packages\n"
701 " from a separate source\n"
702 " or from a different version of a distribution.\n"
703 " Configuration Item: "
704 "<literal>Dir::Etc::Preferences</literal>.</para></listitem>\n"
713 "<varlistentry><term><filename>/etc/apt/preferences.d/</filename></term>\n"
714 " <listitem><para>File fragments for the version preferences.\n"
715 " Configuration Item: "
716 "<literal>Dir::Etc::PreferencesParts</literal>.</para></listitem>\n"
725 "<!ENTITY file-sourceslist \"\n"
726 " <varlistentry><term><filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename></term>\n"
727 " <listitem><para>Locations to fetch packages from.\n"
728 " Configuration Item: "
729 "<literal>Dir::Etc::SourceList</literal>.</para></listitem>\n"
738 "<varlistentry><term><filename>/etc/apt/sources.list.d/</filename></term>\n"
739 " <listitem><para>File fragments for locations to fetch packages from.\n"
740 " Configuration Item: "
741 "<literal>Dir::Etc::SourceParts</literal>.</para></listitem>\n"
750 "<!ENTITY file-statelists \"\n"
751 " <varlistentry><term><filename>&statedir;/lists/</filename></term>\n"
752 " <listitem><para>Storage area for state information for each package "
753 "resource specified in\n"
755 " Configuration Item: "
756 "<literal>Dir::State::Lists</literal>.</para></listitem>\n"
765 "<varlistentry><term><filename>&statedir;/lists/partial/</filename></term>\n"
766 " <listitem><para>Storage area for state information in transit.\n"
767 " Configuration Item: <literal>Dir::State::Lists</literal> (implicit "
768 "partial).</para></listitem>\n"
773 #. The last update date
774 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refentryinfo>
775 #: apt-cache.8.xml:13 apt-config.8.xml:13 apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:13 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:13 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:13 sources.list.5.xml:13
777 "&apt-author.jgunthorpe; &apt-author.team; &apt-email; &apt-product; <date>29 "
778 "February 2004</date>"
781 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
782 #: apt-cache.8.xml:22 apt-cache.8.xml:29
786 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refmeta><manvolnum>
787 #: apt-cache.8.xml:23 apt-cdrom.8.xml:22 apt-config.8.xml:23 apt-get.8.xml:23 apt-key.8.xml:15 apt-mark.8.xml:23 apt-secure.8.xml:15
791 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refmeta><refmiscinfo>
792 #: apt-cache.8.xml:24 apt-cdrom.8.xml:23 apt-config.8.xml:24 apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:24 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:24 apt-get.8.xml:24 apt-key.8.xml:16 apt-mark.8.xml:24 apt-secure.8.xml:16 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:24 apt.conf.5.xml:30 apt_preferences.5.xml:23 sources.list.5.xml:24
796 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
797 #: apt-cache.8.xml:30
798 msgid "APT package handling utility -- cache manipulator"
801 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsynopsisdiv><cmdsynopsis>
802 #: apt-cache.8.xml:36
804 "<command>apt-cache</command> <arg><option>-hvsn</option></arg> "
805 "<arg><option>-o=<replaceable>config string</replaceable></option></arg> "
806 "<arg><option>-c=<replaceable>file</replaceable></option></arg> <group "
807 "choice=\"req\"> <arg>add <arg choice=\"plain\" "
808 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>file</replaceable></arg></arg> "
809 "<arg>gencaches</arg> <arg>showpkg <arg choice=\"plain\" "
810 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkg</replaceable></arg></arg> <arg>showsrc <arg "
811 "choice=\"plain\" rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkg</replaceable></arg></arg> "
812 "<arg>stats</arg> <arg>dump</arg> <arg>dumpavail</arg> <arg>unmet</arg> "
814 "choice=\"plain\"><replaceable>regex</replaceable></arg></arg> <arg>show <arg "
815 "choice=\"plain\" rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkg</replaceable></arg></arg> "
816 "<arg>depends <arg choice=\"plain\" "
817 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkg</replaceable></arg></arg> <arg>rdepends <arg "
818 "choice=\"plain\" rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkg</replaceable></arg></arg> "
819 "<arg>pkgnames <arg "
820 "choice=\"plain\"><replaceable>prefix</replaceable></arg></arg> <arg>dotty "
821 "<arg choice=\"plain\" "
822 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkg</replaceable></arg></arg> <arg>xvcg <arg "
823 "choice=\"plain\" rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkg</replaceable></arg></arg> "
824 "<arg>policy <arg choice=\"plain\" "
825 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkgs</replaceable></arg></arg> <arg>madison <arg "
826 "choice=\"plain\" rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkgs</replaceable></arg></arg> "
830 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
831 #: apt-cache.8.xml:62 apt-cdrom.8.xml:47 apt-config.8.xml:47 apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:43 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:55 apt-get.8.xml:125 apt-key.8.xml:34 apt-mark.8.xml:52 apt-secure.8.xml:40 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:44 apt.conf.5.xml:39 apt_preferences.5.xml:33 sources.list.5.xml:33
835 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
836 #: apt-cache.8.xml:63
838 "<command>apt-cache</command> performs a variety of operations on APT's "
839 "package cache. <command>apt-cache</command> does not manipulate the state of "
840 "the system but does provide operations to search and generate interesting "
841 "output from the package metadata."
844 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
845 #: apt-cache.8.xml:68 apt-get.8.xml:131
847 "Unless the <option>-h</option>, or <option>--help</option> option is given, "
848 "one of the commands below must be present."
851 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
852 #: apt-cache.8.xml:72
853 msgid "add <replaceable>file(s)</replaceable>"
856 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
857 #: apt-cache.8.xml:73
859 "<literal>add</literal> adds the named package index files to the package "
860 "cache. This is for debugging only."
863 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
864 #: apt-cache.8.xml:77
868 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
869 #: apt-cache.8.xml:78
871 "<literal>gencaches</literal> performs the same operation as <command>apt-get "
872 "check</command>. It builds the source and package caches from the sources in "
873 "&sources-list; and from <filename>/var/lib/dpkg/status</filename>."
876 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
877 #: apt-cache.8.xml:84
878 msgid "showpkg <replaceable>pkg(s)</replaceable>"
881 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
882 #: apt-cache.8.xml:85
884 "<literal>showpkg</literal> displays information about the packages listed on "
885 "the command line. Remaining arguments are package names. The available "
886 "versions and reverse dependencies of each package listed are listed, as well "
887 "as forward dependencies for each version. Forward (normal) dependencies are "
888 "those packages upon which the package in question depends; reverse "
889 "dependencies are those packages that depend upon the package in "
890 "question. Thus, forward dependencies must be satisfied for a package, but "
891 "reverse dependencies need not be. For instance, <command>apt-cache showpkg "
892 "libreadline2</command> would produce output similar to the following:"
895 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><informalexample><programlisting>
896 #: apt-cache.8.xml:97
899 "Package: libreadline2\n"
900 "Versions: 2.1-12(/var/state/apt/lists/foo_Packages),\n"
901 "Reverse Depends: \n"
902 " libreadlineg2,libreadline2\n"
903 " libreadline2-altdev,libreadline2\n"
905 "2.1-12 - libc5 (2 5.4.0-0) ncurses3.0 (0 (null))\n"
908 "Reverse Provides: \n"
911 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
912 #: apt-cache.8.xml:109
914 "Thus it may be seen that libreadline2, version 2.1-12, depends on libc5 and "
915 "ncurses3.0 which must be installed for libreadline2 to work. In turn, "
916 "libreadlineg2 and libreadline2-altdev depend on libreadline2. If "
917 "libreadline2 is installed, libc5 and ncurses3.0 (and ldso) must also be "
918 "installed; libreadlineg2 and libreadline2-altdev do not have to be "
919 "installed. For the specific meaning of the remainder of the output it is "
920 "best to consult the apt source code."
923 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
924 #: apt-cache.8.xml:118
928 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
929 #: apt-cache.8.xml:118
931 "<literal>stats</literal> displays some statistics about the cache. No "
932 "further arguments are expected. Statistics reported are:"
935 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
936 #: apt-cache.8.xml:121
938 "<literal>Total package names</literal> is the number of package names found "
942 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
943 #: apt-cache.8.xml:125
945 "<literal>Normal packages</literal> is the number of regular, ordinary "
946 "package names; these are packages that bear a one-to-one correspondence "
947 "between their names and the names used by other packages for them in "
948 "dependencies. The majority of packages fall into this category."
951 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
952 #: apt-cache.8.xml:131
954 "<literal>Pure virtual packages</literal> is the number of packages that "
955 "exist only as a virtual package name; that is, packages only \"provide\" the "
956 "virtual package name, and no package actually uses the name. For instance, "
957 "\"mail-transport-agent\" in the Debian GNU/Linux system is a pure virtual "
958 "package; several packages provide \"mail-transport-agent\", but there is no "
959 "package named \"mail-transport-agent\"."
962 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
963 #: apt-cache.8.xml:139
965 "<literal>Single virtual packages</literal> is the number of packages with "
966 "only one package providing a particular virtual package. For example, in the "
967 "Debian GNU/Linux system, \"X11-text-viewer\" is a virtual package, but only "
968 "one package, xless, provides \"X11-text-viewer\"."
971 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
972 #: apt-cache.8.xml:145
974 "<literal>Mixed virtual packages</literal> is the number of packages that "
975 "either provide a particular virtual package or have the virtual package name "
976 "as the package name. For instance, in the Debian GNU/Linux system, "
977 "\"debconf\" is both an actual package, and provided by the debconf-tiny "
981 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
982 #: apt-cache.8.xml:152
984 "<literal>Missing</literal> is the number of package names that were "
985 "referenced in a dependency but were not provided by any package. Missing "
986 "packages may be in evidence if a full distribution is not accessed, or if a "
987 "package (real or virtual) has been dropped from the distribution. Usually "
988 "they are referenced from Conflicts or Breaks statements."
991 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
992 #: apt-cache.8.xml:159
994 "<literal>Total distinct</literal> versions is the number of package versions "
995 "found in the cache; this value is therefore at least equal to the number of "
996 "total package names. If more than one distribution (both \"stable\" and "
997 "\"unstable\", for instance), is being accessed, this value can be "
998 "considerably larger than the number of total package names."
1001 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1002 #: apt-cache.8.xml:166
1004 "<literal>Total dependencies</literal> is the number of dependency "
1005 "relationships claimed by all of the packages in the cache."
1008 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1009 #: apt-cache.8.xml:173
1010 msgid "showsrc <replaceable>pkg(s)</replaceable>"
1013 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1014 #: apt-cache.8.xml:174
1016 "<literal>showsrc</literal> displays all the source package records that "
1017 "match the given package names. All versions are shown, as well as all "
1018 "records that declare the name to be a Binary."
1021 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1022 #: apt-cache.8.xml:179 apt-config.8.xml:84
1026 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1027 #: apt-cache.8.xml:180
1029 "<literal>dump</literal> shows a short listing of every package in the "
1030 "cache. It is primarily for debugging."
1033 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1034 #: apt-cache.8.xml:184
1038 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1039 #: apt-cache.8.xml:185
1041 "<literal>dumpavail</literal> prints out an available list to stdout. This is "
1042 "suitable for use with &dpkg; and is used by the &dselect; method."
1045 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1046 #: apt-cache.8.xml:189
1050 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1051 #: apt-cache.8.xml:190
1053 "<literal>unmet</literal> displays a summary of all unmet dependencies in the "
1057 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1058 #: apt-cache.8.xml:194
1059 msgid "show <replaceable>pkg(s)</replaceable>"
1062 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1063 #: apt-cache.8.xml:195
1065 "<literal>show</literal> performs a function similar to <command>dpkg "
1066 "--print-avail</command>; it displays the package records for the named "
1070 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1071 #: apt-cache.8.xml:200
1072 msgid "search <replaceable>regex [ regex ... ]</replaceable>"
1075 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1076 #: apt-cache.8.xml:201
1078 "<literal>search</literal> performs a full text search on all available "
1079 "package lists for the POSIX regex pattern given, see "
1080 "<citerefentry><refentrytitle><command>regex</command></refentrytitle> "
1081 "<manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>. It searches the package names and "
1082 "the descriptions for an occurrence of the regular expression and prints out "
1083 "the package name and the short description, including virtual package "
1084 "names. If <option>--full</option> is given then output identical to "
1085 "<literal>show</literal> is produced for each matched package, and if "
1086 "<option>--names-only</option> is given then the long description is not "
1087 "searched, only the package name is."
1090 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1091 #: apt-cache.8.xml:214
1093 "Separate arguments can be used to specify multiple search patterns that are "
1097 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1098 #: apt-cache.8.xml:218
1099 msgid "depends <replaceable>pkg(s)</replaceable>"
1102 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1103 #: apt-cache.8.xml:219
1105 "<literal>depends</literal> shows a listing of each dependency a package has "
1106 "and all the possible other packages that can fulfill that dependency."
1109 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1110 #: apt-cache.8.xml:223
1111 msgid "rdepends <replaceable>pkg(s)</replaceable>"
1114 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1115 #: apt-cache.8.xml:224
1117 "<literal>rdepends</literal> shows a listing of each reverse dependency a "
1121 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1122 #: apt-cache.8.xml:228
1123 msgid "pkgnames <replaceable>[ prefix ]</replaceable>"
1126 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1127 #: apt-cache.8.xml:229
1129 "This command prints the name of each package APT knows. The optional "
1130 "argument is a prefix match to filter the name list. The output is suitable "
1131 "for use in a shell tab complete function and the output is generated "
1132 "extremely quickly. This command is best used with the "
1133 "<option>--generate</option> option."
1136 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1137 #: apt-cache.8.xml:234
1139 "Note that a package which APT knows of is not necessarily available to "
1140 "download, installable or installed, e.g. virtual packages are also listed in "
1141 "the generated list."
1144 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1145 #: apt-cache.8.xml:239
1146 msgid "dotty <replaceable>pkg(s)</replaceable>"
1149 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1150 #: apt-cache.8.xml:240
1152 "<literal>dotty</literal> takes a list of packages on the command line and "
1153 "generates output suitable for use by dotty from the <ulink "
1154 "url=\"http://www.research.att.com/sw/tools/graphviz/\">GraphViz</ulink> "
1155 "package. The result will be a set of nodes and edges representing the "
1156 "relationships between the packages. By default the given packages will trace "
1157 "out all dependent packages; this can produce a very large graph. To limit "
1158 "the output to only the packages listed on the command line, set the "
1159 "<literal>APT::Cache::GivenOnly</literal> option."
1162 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1163 #: apt-cache.8.xml:249
1165 "The resulting nodes will have several shapes; normal packages are boxes, "
1166 "pure provides are triangles, mixed provides are diamonds, missing packages "
1167 "are hexagons. Orange boxes mean recursion was stopped [leaf packages], blue "
1168 "lines are pre-depends, green lines are conflicts."
1171 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1172 #: apt-cache.8.xml:254
1173 msgid "Caution, dotty cannot graph larger sets of packages."
1176 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1177 #: apt-cache.8.xml:257
1178 msgid "xvcg <replaceable>pkg(s)</replaceable>"
1181 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1182 #: apt-cache.8.xml:258
1184 "The same as <literal>dotty</literal>, only for xvcg from the <ulink "
1185 "url=\"http://rw4.cs.uni-sb.de/users/sander/html/gsvcg1.html\">VCG "
1189 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1190 #: apt-cache.8.xml:262
1191 msgid "policy <replaceable>[ pkg(s) ]</replaceable>"
1194 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1195 #: apt-cache.8.xml:263
1197 "<literal>policy</literal> is meant to help debug issues relating to the "
1198 "preferences file. With no arguments it will print out the priorities of each "
1199 "source. Otherwise it prints out detailed information about the priority "
1200 "selection of the named package."
1203 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1204 #: apt-cache.8.xml:269
1205 msgid "madison <replaceable>/[ pkg(s) ]</replaceable>"
1208 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1209 #: apt-cache.8.xml:270
1211 "<literal>apt-cache</literal>'s <literal>madison</literal> command attempts "
1212 "to mimic the output format and a subset of the functionality of the Debian "
1213 "archive management tool, <literal>madison</literal>. It displays available "
1214 "versions of a package in a tabular format. Unlike the original "
1215 "<literal>madison</literal>, it can only display information for the "
1216 "architecture for which APT has retrieved package lists "
1217 "(<literal>APT::Architecture</literal>)."
1220 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1221 #: apt-cache.8.xml:281 apt-config.8.xml:93 apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:56 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:492 apt-get.8.xml:319 apt-mark.8.xml:89 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:54 apt.conf.5.xml:441 apt.conf.5.xml:463
1225 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1226 #: apt-cache.8.xml:285
1227 msgid "<option>-p</option>"
1230 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1231 #: apt-cache.8.xml:285
1232 msgid "<option>--pkg-cache</option>"
1235 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1236 #: apt-cache.8.xml:286
1238 "Select the file to store the package cache. The package cache is the primary "
1239 "cache used by all operations. Configuration Item: "
1240 "<literal>Dir::Cache::pkgcache</literal>."
1243 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1244 #: apt-cache.8.xml:291 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:535 apt-get.8.xml:376 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:58
1245 msgid "<option>-s</option>"
1248 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1249 #: apt-cache.8.xml:291
1250 msgid "<option>--src-cache</option>"
1253 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1254 #: apt-cache.8.xml:292
1256 "Select the file to store the source cache. The source is used only by "
1257 "<literal>gencaches</literal> and it stores a parsed version of the package "
1258 "information from remote sources. When building the package cache the source "
1259 "cache is used to avoid reparsing all of the package files. Configuration "
1260 "Item: <literal>Dir::Cache::srcpkgcache</literal>."
1263 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1264 #: apt-cache.8.xml:299 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:509 apt-get.8.xml:366
1265 msgid "<option>-q</option>"
1268 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1269 #: apt-cache.8.xml:299 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:509 apt-get.8.xml:366
1270 msgid "<option>--quiet</option>"
1273 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1274 #: apt-cache.8.xml:300
1276 "Quiet; produces output suitable for logging, omitting progress indicators. "
1277 "More q's will produce more quietness up to a maximum of 2. You can also use "
1278 "<option>-q=#</option> to set the quietness level, overriding the "
1279 "configuration file. Configuration Item: <literal>quiet</literal>."
1282 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1283 #: apt-cache.8.xml:306
1284 msgid "<option>-i</option>"
1287 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1288 #: apt-cache.8.xml:306
1289 msgid "<option>--important</option>"
1292 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1293 #: apt-cache.8.xml:307
1295 "Print only important dependencies; for use with unmet and depends. Causes "
1296 "only Depends and Pre-Depends relations to be printed. Configuration Item: "
1297 "<literal>APT::Cache::Important</literal>."
1300 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1301 #: apt-cache.8.xml:312 apt-cdrom.8.xml:121 apt-get.8.xml:333
1302 msgid "<option>-f</option>"
1305 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1306 #: apt-cache.8.xml:312
1307 msgid "<option>--full</option>"
1310 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1311 #: apt-cache.8.xml:313
1313 "Print full package records when searching. Configuration Item: "
1314 "<literal>APT::Cache::ShowFull</literal>."
1317 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1318 #: apt-cache.8.xml:317 apt-cdrom.8.xml:131
1319 msgid "<option>-a</option>"
1322 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1323 #: apt-cache.8.xml:317
1324 msgid "<option>--all-versions</option>"
1327 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1328 #: apt-cache.8.xml:318
1330 "Print full records for all available versions. This is the default; to turn "
1331 "it off, use <option>--no-all-versions</option>. If "
1332 "<option>--no-all-versions</option> is specified, only the candidate version "
1333 "will displayed (the one which would be selected for installation). This "
1334 "option is only applicable to the <literal>show</literal> command. "
1335 "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Cache::AllVersions</literal>."
1338 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1339 #: apt-cache.8.xml:326
1340 msgid "<option>-g</option>"
1343 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1344 #: apt-cache.8.xml:326
1345 msgid "<option>--generate</option>"
1348 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1349 #: apt-cache.8.xml:327
1351 "Perform automatic package cache regeneration, rather than use the cache as "
1352 "it is. This is the default; to turn it off, use "
1353 "<option>--no-generate</option>. Configuration Item: "
1354 "<literal>APT::Cache::Generate</literal>."
1357 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1358 #: apt-cache.8.xml:332
1359 msgid "<option>--names-only</option>"
1362 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1363 #: apt-cache.8.xml:332 apt-cdrom.8.xml:139
1364 msgid "<option>-n</option>"
1367 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1368 #: apt-cache.8.xml:333
1370 "Only search on the package names, not the long descriptions. Configuration "
1371 "Item: <literal>APT::Cache::NamesOnly</literal>."
1374 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1375 #: apt-cache.8.xml:337
1376 msgid "<option>--all-names</option>"
1379 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1380 #: apt-cache.8.xml:338
1382 "Make <literal>pkgnames</literal> print all names, including virtual packages "
1383 "and missing dependencies. Configuration Item: "
1384 "<literal>APT::Cache::AllNames</literal>."
1387 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1388 #: apt-cache.8.xml:343
1389 msgid "<option>--recurse</option>"
1392 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1393 #: apt-cache.8.xml:344
1395 "Make <literal>depends</literal> and <literal>rdepends</literal> recursive so "
1396 "that all packages mentioned are printed once. Configuration Item: "
1397 "<literal>APT::Cache::RecurseDepends</literal>."
1400 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1401 #: apt-cache.8.xml:349
1402 msgid "<option>--installed</option>"
1405 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1406 #: apt-cache.8.xml:351
1408 "Limit the output of <literal>depends</literal> and "
1409 "<literal>rdepends</literal> to packages which are currently installed. "
1410 "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Cache::Installed</literal>."
1413 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist>
1414 #: apt-cache.8.xml:356 apt-cdrom.8.xml:150 apt-config.8.xml:98 apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:67 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:547 apt-get.8.xml:554 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:64
1415 msgid "&apt-commonoptions;"
1418 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
1419 #: apt-cache.8.xml:361 apt-get.8.xml:559 apt-key.8.xml:138 apt-mark.8.xml:122 apt.conf.5.xml:973 apt_preferences.5.xml:615
1423 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist>
1424 #: apt-cache.8.xml:363
1425 msgid "&file-sourceslist; &file-statelists;"
1428 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
1429 #: apt-cache.8.xml:368 apt-cdrom.8.xml:155 apt-config.8.xml:103 apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:74 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:563 apt-get.8.xml:569 apt-key.8.xml:162 apt-mark.8.xml:133 apt-secure.8.xml:181 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:69 apt.conf.5.xml:979 apt_preferences.5.xml:622 sources.list.5.xml:221
1433 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1434 #: apt-cache.8.xml:369
1435 msgid "&apt-conf;, &sources-list;, &apt-get;"
1438 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
1439 #: apt-cache.8.xml:373 apt-cdrom.8.xml:160 apt-config.8.xml:108 apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:78 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:567 apt-get.8.xml:575 apt-mark.8.xml:137 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:73
1443 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1444 #: apt-cache.8.xml:374
1446 "<command>apt-cache</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal 100 "
1450 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refentryinfo>
1451 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:13
1453 "&apt-author.jgunthorpe; &apt-author.team; &apt-email; &apt-product; <date>14 "
1454 "February 2004</date>"
1457 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
1458 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:21 apt-cdrom.8.xml:28
1462 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
1463 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:29
1464 msgid "APT CDROM management utility"
1467 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsynopsisdiv><cmdsynopsis>
1468 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:35
1470 "<command>apt-cdrom</command> <arg><option>-hvrmfan</option></arg> "
1471 "<arg><option>-d=<replaceable>cdrom mount point</replaceable></option></arg> "
1472 "<arg><option>-o=<replaceable>config string</replaceable></option></arg> "
1473 "<arg><option>-c=<replaceable>file</replaceable></option></arg> <group> "
1474 "<arg>add</arg> <arg>ident</arg> </group>"
1477 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1478 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:48
1480 "<command>apt-cdrom</command> is used to add a new CDROM to APTs list of "
1481 "available sources. <command>apt-cdrom</command> takes care of determining "
1482 "the structure of the disc as well as correcting for several possible "
1483 "mis-burns and verifying the index files."
1486 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1487 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:55
1489 "It is necessary to use <command>apt-cdrom</command> to add CDs to the APT "
1490 "system, it cannot be done by hand. Furthermore each disk in a multi-cd set "
1491 "must be inserted and scanned separately to account for possible mis-burns."
1494 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1495 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:65
1499 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1500 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:66
1502 "<literal>add</literal> is used to add a new disc to the source list. It will "
1503 "unmount the CDROM device, prompt for a disk to be inserted and then procceed "
1504 "to scan it and copy the index files. If the disc does not have a proper "
1505 "<filename>disk</filename> directory you will be prompted for a descriptive "
1509 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1510 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:74
1512 "APT uses a CDROM ID to track which disc is currently in the drive and "
1513 "maintains a database of these IDs in "
1514 "<filename>&statedir;/cdroms.list</filename>"
1517 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1518 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:81
1522 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1523 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:82
1525 "A debugging tool to report the identity of the current disc as well as the "
1529 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1530 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:61
1532 "Unless the <option>-h</option>, or <option>--help</option> option is given "
1533 "one of the commands below must be present. <placeholder "
1534 "type=\"variablelist\" id=\"0\"/>"
1537 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
1538 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:91
1542 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1543 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:95 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:503 apt-get.8.xml:328
1544 msgid "<option>-d</option>"
1547 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1548 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:95
1549 msgid "<option>--cdrom</option>"
1552 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1553 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:96
1555 "Mount point; specify the location to mount the cdrom. This mount point must "
1556 "be listed in <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> and properly configured. "
1557 "Configuration Item: <literal>Acquire::cdrom::mount</literal>."
1560 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1561 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:104
1562 msgid "<option>-r</option>"
1565 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1566 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:104
1567 msgid "<option>--rename</option>"
1570 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1571 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:105
1573 "Rename a disc; change the label of a disk or override the disks given "
1574 "label. This option will cause <command>apt-cdrom</command> to prompt for a "
1575 "new label. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::CDROM::Rename</literal>."
1578 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1579 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:113 apt-get.8.xml:347
1580 msgid "<option>-m</option>"
1583 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1584 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:113
1585 msgid "<option>--no-mount</option>"
1588 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1589 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:114
1591 "No mounting; prevent <command>apt-cdrom</command> from mounting and "
1592 "unmounting the mount point. Configuration Item: "
1593 "<literal>APT::CDROM::NoMount</literal>."
1596 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1597 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:121
1598 msgid "<option>--fast</option>"
1601 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1602 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:122
1604 "Fast Copy; Assume the package files are valid and do not check every "
1605 "package. This option should be used only if <command>apt-cdrom</command> has "
1606 "been run on this disc before and did not detect any errors. Configuration "
1607 "Item: <literal>APT::CDROM::Fast</literal>."
1610 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1611 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:131
1612 msgid "<option>--thorough</option>"
1615 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1616 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:132
1618 "Thorough Package Scan; This option may be needed with some old Debian "
1619 "1.1/1.2 discs that have Package files in strange places. It takes much "
1620 "longer to scan the CD but will pick them all up."
1623 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1624 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:140 apt-get.8.xml:378
1625 msgid "<option>--just-print</option>"
1628 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1629 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:141 apt-get.8.xml:380
1630 msgid "<option>--recon</option>"
1633 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1634 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:142 apt-get.8.xml:381
1635 msgid "<option>--no-act</option>"
1638 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1639 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:143
1641 "No Changes; Do not change the &sources-list; file and do not write index "
1642 "files. Everything is still checked however. Configuration Item: "
1643 "<literal>APT::CDROM::NoAct</literal>."
1646 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1647 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:156
1648 msgid "&apt-conf;, &apt-get;, &sources-list;"
1651 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1652 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:161
1654 "<command>apt-cdrom</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal 100 "
1658 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
1659 #: apt-config.8.xml:22 apt-config.8.xml:29
1663 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
1664 #: apt-config.8.xml:30
1665 msgid "APT Configuration Query program"
1668 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsynopsisdiv><cmdsynopsis>
1669 #: apt-config.8.xml:36
1671 "<command>apt-config</command> <arg><option>-hv</option></arg> "
1672 "<arg><option>-o=<replaceable>config string</replaceable></option></arg> "
1673 "<arg><option>-c=<replaceable>file</replaceable></option></arg> <group "
1674 "choice=\"req\"> <arg>shell</arg> <arg>dump</arg> </group>"
1677 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1678 #: apt-config.8.xml:48
1680 "<command>apt-config</command> is an internal program used by various "
1681 "portions of the APT suite to provide consistent configurability. It accesses "
1682 "the main configuration file <filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf</filename> in a "
1683 "manner that is easy to use by scripted applications."
1686 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1687 #: apt-config.8.xml:53 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:71
1689 "Unless the <option>-h</option>, or <option>--help</option> option is given "
1690 "one of the commands below must be present."
1693 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1694 #: apt-config.8.xml:58
1698 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1699 #: apt-config.8.xml:60
1701 "shell is used to access the configuration information from a shell "
1702 "script. It is given pairs of arguments, the first being a shell variable and "
1703 "the second the configuration value to query. As output it lists a series of "
1704 "shell assignments commands for each present value. In a shell script it "
1705 "should be used like:"
1708 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><informalexample><programlisting>
1709 #: apt-config.8.xml:68
1713 "RES=`apt-config shell OPTS MyApp::options`\n"
1717 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1718 #: apt-config.8.xml:73
1720 "This will set the shell environment variable $OPTS to the value of "
1721 "MyApp::options with a default of <option>-f</option>."
1724 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1725 #: apt-config.8.xml:77
1727 "The configuration item may be postfixed with a /[fdbi]. f returns file "
1728 "names, d returns directories, b returns true or false and i returns an "
1729 "integer. Each of the returns is normalized and verified internally."
1732 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1733 #: apt-config.8.xml:86
1734 msgid "Just show the contents of the configuration space."
1737 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1738 #: apt-config.8.xml:104 apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:75 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:564 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:70
1742 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1743 #: apt-config.8.xml:109
1745 "<command>apt-config</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal 100 "
1749 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
1750 #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:22 apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:29
1751 msgid "apt-extracttemplates"
1754 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refmeta><manvolnum>
1755 #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:23 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:23 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:23
1759 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
1760 #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:30
1761 msgid "Utility to extract DebConf config and templates from Debian packages"
1764 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsynopsisdiv><cmdsynopsis>
1765 #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:36
1767 "<command>apt-extracttemplates</command> <arg><option>-hv</option></arg> "
1768 "<arg><option>-t=<replaceable>temporary "
1769 "directory</replaceable></option></arg> <arg choice=\"plain\" "
1770 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>file</replaceable></arg>"
1773 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1774 #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:44
1776 "<command>apt-extracttemplates</command> will take one or more Debian package "
1777 "files as input and write out (to a temporary directory) all associated "
1778 "config scripts and template files. For each passed in package that contains "
1779 "config scripts and templates, one line of output will be generated in the "
1783 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1784 #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:49
1785 msgid "package version template-file config-script"
1788 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1789 #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:50
1791 "template-file and config-script are written to the temporary directory "
1792 "specified by the -t or --tempdir "
1793 "(<literal>APT::ExtractTemplates::TempDir</literal>) directory, with "
1794 "filenames of the form <filename>package.template.XXXX</filename> and "
1795 "<filename>package.config.XXXX</filename>"
1798 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1799 #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:60 apt-get.8.xml:488
1800 msgid "<option>-t</option>"
1803 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1804 #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:60
1805 msgid "<option>--tempdir</option>"
1808 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1809 #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:62
1811 "Temporary directory in which to write extracted debconf template files and "
1812 "config scripts Configuration Item: "
1813 "<literal>APT::ExtractTemplates::TempDir</literal>"
1816 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1817 #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:79
1819 "<command>apt-extracttemplates</command> returns zero on normal operation, "
1820 "decimal 100 on error."
1823 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
1824 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:22 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:29
1825 msgid "apt-ftparchive"
1828 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
1829 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:30
1830 msgid "Utility to generate index files"
1833 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsynopsisdiv><cmdsynopsis>
1834 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:36
1836 "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> <arg><option>-hvdsq</option></arg> "
1837 "<arg><option>--md5</option></arg> <arg><option>--delink</option></arg> "
1838 "<arg><option>--readonly</option></arg> "
1839 "<arg><option>--contents</option></arg> <arg><option>-o "
1840 "<replaceable>config</replaceable>=<replaceable>string</replaceable></option></arg> "
1841 "<arg><option>-c=<replaceable>file</replaceable></option></arg> <group "
1842 "choice=\"req\"> <arg>packages<arg choice=\"plain\" "
1843 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>path</replaceable></arg><arg><replaceable>override</replaceable><arg><replaceable>pathprefix</replaceable></arg></arg></arg> "
1844 "<arg>sources<arg choice=\"plain\" "
1845 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>path</replaceable></arg><arg><replaceable>override</replaceable><arg><replaceable>pathprefix</replaceable></arg></arg></arg> "
1846 "<arg>contents <arg "
1847 "choice=\"plain\"><replaceable>path</replaceable></arg></arg> <arg>release "
1848 "<arg choice=\"plain\"><replaceable>path</replaceable></arg></arg> "
1849 "<arg>generate <arg "
1850 "choice=\"plain\"><replaceable>config-file</replaceable></arg> <arg "
1852 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>section</replaceable></arg></arg> <arg>clean "
1853 "<arg choice=\"plain\"><replaceable>config-file</replaceable></arg></arg> "
1857 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1858 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:56
1860 "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> is the command line tool that generates "
1861 "the index files that APT uses to access a distribution source. The index "
1862 "files should be generated on the origin site based on the content of that "
1866 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1867 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:60
1869 "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> is a superset of the &dpkg-scanpackages; "
1870 "program, incorporating its entire functionality via the "
1871 "<literal>packages</literal> command. It also contains a contents file "
1872 "generator, <literal>contents</literal>, and an elaborate means to 'script' "
1873 "the generation process for a complete archive."
1876 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1877 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:66
1879 "Internally <command>apt-ftparchive</command> can make use of binary "
1880 "databases to cache the contents of a .deb file and it does not rely on any "
1881 "external programs aside from &gzip;. When doing a full generate it "
1882 "automatically performs file-change checks and builds the desired compressed "
1886 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1887 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:75
1891 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1892 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:77
1894 "The packages command generates a package file from a directory tree. It "
1895 "takes the given directory and recursively searches it for .deb files, "
1896 "emitting a package record to stdout for each. This command is approximately "
1897 "equivalent to &dpkg-scanpackages;."
1900 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1901 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:82 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:106
1902 msgid "The option <option>--db</option> can be used to specify a binary caching DB."
1905 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1906 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:85
1910 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1911 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:87
1913 "The <literal>sources</literal> command generates a source index file from a "
1914 "directory tree. It takes the given directory and recursively searches it "
1915 "for .dsc files, emitting a source record to stdout for each. This command is "
1916 "approximately equivalent to &dpkg-scansources;."
1919 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1920 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:92
1922 "If an override file is specified then a source override file will be looked "
1923 "for with an extension of .src. The --source-override option can be used to "
1924 "change the source override file that will be used."
1927 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1928 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:97
1932 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1933 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:99
1935 "The <literal>contents</literal> command generates a contents file from a "
1936 "directory tree. It takes the given directory and recursively searches it for "
1937 ".deb files, and reads the file list from each file. It then sorts and writes "
1938 "to stdout the list of files matched to packages. Directories are not written "
1939 "to the output. If multiple packages own the same file then each package is "
1940 "separated by a comma in the output."
1943 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1944 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:109
1948 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1949 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:111
1951 "The <literal>release</literal> command generates a Release file from a "
1952 "directory tree. It recursively searches the given directory for Packages, "
1953 "Packages.gz, Packages.bz2, Sources, Sources.gz, Sources.bz2, Release and "
1954 "md5sum.txt files. It then writes to stdout a Release file containing an MD5 "
1955 "digest and SHA1 digest for each file."
1958 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1959 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:118
1961 "Values for the additional metadata fields in the Release file are taken from "
1962 "the corresponding variables under "
1963 "<literal>APT::FTPArchive::Release</literal>, "
1964 "e.g. <literal>APT::FTPArchive::Release::Origin</literal>. The supported "
1965 "fields are: <literal>Origin</literal>, <literal>Label</literal>, "
1966 "<literal>Suite</literal>, <literal>Version</literal>, "
1967 "<literal>Codename</literal>, <literal>Date</literal>, "
1968 "<literal>Architectures</literal>, <literal>Components</literal>, "
1969 "<literal>Description</literal>."
1972 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1973 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:128
1977 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1978 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:130
1980 "The <literal>generate</literal> command is designed to be runnable from a "
1981 "cron script and builds indexes according to the given config file. The "
1982 "config language provides a flexible means of specifying which index files "
1983 "are built from which directories, as well as providing a simple means of "
1984 "maintaining the required settings."
1987 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1988 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:137 apt-get.8.xml:292
1992 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1993 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:139
1995 "The <literal>clean</literal> command tidies the databases used by the given "
1996 "configuration file by removing any records that are no longer necessary."
1999 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
2000 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:145
2001 msgid "The Generate Configuration"
2004 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
2005 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:147
2007 "The <literal>generate</literal> command uses a configuration file to "
2008 "describe the archives that are going to be generated. It follows the typical "
2009 "ISC configuration format as seen in ISC tools like bind 8 and dhcpd. "
2010 "&apt-conf; contains a description of the syntax. Note that the generate "
2011 "configuration is parsed in sectional manner, but &apt-conf; is parsed in a "
2012 "tree manner. This only effects how the scope tag is handled."
2015 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
2016 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:155
2017 msgid "The generate configuration has 4 separate sections, each described below."
2020 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
2021 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:157
2025 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
2026 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:159
2028 "The <literal>Dir</literal> section defines the standard directories needed "
2029 "to locate the files required during the generation process. These "
2030 "directories are prepended to certain relative paths defined in later "
2031 "sections to produce a complete an absolute path."
2034 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2035 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:164
2039 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2040 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:166
2042 "Specifies the root of the FTP archive, in a standard Debian configuration "
2043 "this is the directory that contains the <filename>ls-LR</filename> and dist "
2047 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2048 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:171
2052 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2053 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:173
2054 msgid "Specifies the location of the override files."
2057 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2058 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:176
2062 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2063 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:178
2064 msgid "Specifies the location of the cache files"
2067 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2068 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:181
2072 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2073 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:183
2075 "Specifies the location of the file list files, if the "
2076 "<literal>FileList</literal> setting is used below."
2079 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
2080 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:189
2081 msgid "Default Section"
2084 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
2085 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:191
2087 "The <literal>Default</literal> section specifies default values, and "
2088 "settings that control the operation of the generator. Other sections may "
2089 "override these defaults with a per-section setting."
2092 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2093 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:195
2094 msgid "Packages::Compress"
2097 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2098 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:197
2100 "Sets the default compression schemes to use for the Package index files. It "
2101 "is a string that contains a space separated list of at least one of: '.' (no "
2102 "compression), 'gzip' and 'bzip2'. The default for all compression schemes is "
2106 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2107 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:203
2108 msgid "Packages::Extensions"
2111 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2112 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:205
2114 "Sets the default list of file extensions that are package files. This "
2115 "defaults to '.deb'."
2118 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2119 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:209
2120 msgid "Sources::Compress"
2123 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2124 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:211
2126 "This is similar to <literal>Packages::Compress</literal> except that it "
2127 "controls the compression for the Sources files."
2130 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2131 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:215
2132 msgid "Sources::Extensions"
2135 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2136 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:217
2138 "Sets the default list of file extensions that are source files. This "
2139 "defaults to '.dsc'."
2142 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2143 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:221
2144 msgid "Contents::Compress"
2147 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2148 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:223
2150 "This is similar to <literal>Packages::Compress</literal> except that it "
2151 "controls the compression for the Contents files."
2154 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2155 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:227
2159 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2160 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:229
2162 "Specifies the number of kilobytes to delink (and replace with hard links) "
2163 "per run. This is used in conjunction with the per-section "
2164 "<literal>External-Links</literal> setting."
2167 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2168 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:234
2172 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2173 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:236
2175 "Specifies the mode of all created index files. It defaults to 0644. All "
2176 "index files are set to this mode with no regard to the umask."
2179 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
2180 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:243
2181 msgid "TreeDefault Section"
2184 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
2185 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:245
2187 "Sets defaults specific to <literal>Tree</literal> sections. All of these "
2188 "variables are substitution variables and have the strings $(DIST), "
2189 "$(SECTION) and $(ARCH) replaced with their respective values."
2192 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2193 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:250
2194 msgid "MaxContentsChange"
2197 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2198 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:252
2200 "Sets the number of kilobytes of contents files that are generated each "
2201 "day. The contents files are round-robined so that over several days they "
2202 "will all be rebuilt."
2205 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2206 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:257
2210 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2211 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:259
2213 "Controls the number of days a contents file is allowed to be checked without "
2214 "changing. If this limit is passed the mtime of the contents file is "
2215 "updated. This case can occur if the package file is changed in such a way "
2216 "that does not result in a new contents file [override edit for instance]. A "
2217 "hold off is allowed in hopes that new .debs will be installed, requiring a "
2218 "new file anyhow. The default is 10, the units are in days."
2221 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2222 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:268
2226 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2227 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:270
2229 "Sets the top of the .deb directory tree. Defaults to "
2230 "<filename>$(DIST)/$(SECTION)/binary-$(ARCH)/</filename>"
2233 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2234 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:274
2235 msgid "SrcDirectory"
2238 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2239 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:276
2241 "Sets the top of the source package directory tree. Defaults to "
2242 "<filename>$(DIST)/$(SECTION)/source/</filename>"
2245 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2246 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:280 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:406
2250 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2251 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:282
2253 "Sets the output Packages file. Defaults to "
2254 "<filename>$(DIST)/$(SECTION)/binary-$(ARCH)/Packages</filename>"
2257 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2258 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:286 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:411
2262 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2263 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:288
2265 "Sets the output Packages file. Defaults to "
2266 "<filename>$(DIST)/$(SECTION)/source/Sources</filename>"
2269 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2270 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:292
2271 msgid "InternalPrefix"
2274 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2275 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:294
2277 "Sets the path prefix that causes a symlink to be considered an internal link "
2278 "instead of an external link. Defaults to "
2279 "<filename>$(DIST)/$(SECTION)/</filename>"
2282 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2283 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:299 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:417
2287 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2288 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:301
2290 "Sets the output Contents file. Defaults to "
2291 "<filename>$(DIST)/Contents-$(ARCH)</filename>. If this setting causes "
2292 "multiple Packages files to map onto a single Contents file (such as the "
2293 "default) then <command>apt-ftparchive</command> will integrate those "
2294 "package files together automatically."
2297 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2298 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:308
2299 msgid "Contents::Header"
2302 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2303 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:310
2304 msgid "Sets header file to prepend to the contents output."
2307 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2308 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:313 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:442
2312 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2313 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:315
2315 "Sets the binary cache database to use for this section. Multiple sections "
2316 "can share the same database."
2319 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2320 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:319
2324 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2325 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:321
2327 "Specifies that instead of walking the directory tree, "
2328 "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> should read the list of files from the "
2329 "given file. Relative files names are prefixed with the archive directory."
2332 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2333 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:326
2334 msgid "SourceFileList"
2337 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2338 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:328
2340 "Specifies that instead of walking the directory tree, "
2341 "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> should read the list of files from the "
2342 "given file. Relative files names are prefixed with the archive directory. "
2343 "This is used when processing source indexes."
2346 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
2347 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:336
2348 msgid "Tree Section"
2351 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
2352 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:338
2354 "The <literal>Tree</literal> section defines a standard Debian file tree "
2355 "which consists of a base directory, then multiple sections in that base "
2356 "directory and finally multiple Architectures in each section. The exact "
2357 "pathing used is defined by the <literal>Directory</literal> substitution "
2361 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
2362 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:343
2364 "The <literal>Tree</literal> section takes a scope tag which sets the "
2365 "<literal>$(DIST)</literal> variable and defines the root of the tree (the "
2366 "path is prefixed by <literal>ArchiveDir</literal>). Typically this is a "
2367 "setting such as <filename>dists/woody</filename>."
2370 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
2371 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:348
2373 "All of the settings defined in the <literal>TreeDefault</literal> section "
2374 "can be use in a <literal>Tree</literal> section as well as three new "
2378 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
2379 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:351
2381 "When processing a <literal>Tree</literal> section "
2382 "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> performs an operation similar to:"
2385 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><informalexample><programlisting>
2386 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:354
2389 "for i in Sections do \n"
2390 " for j in Architectures do\n"
2391 " Generate for DIST=scope SECTION=i ARCH=j\n"
2394 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2395 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:360
2399 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2400 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:362
2402 "This is a space separated list of sections which appear under the "
2403 "distribution, typically this is something like <literal>main contrib "
2404 "non-free</literal>"
2407 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2408 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:367
2409 msgid "Architectures"
2412 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2413 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:369
2415 "This is a space separated list of all the architectures that appear under "
2416 "search section. The special architecture 'source' is used to indicate that "
2417 "this tree has a source archive."
2420 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2421 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:374 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:422
2425 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2426 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:376
2428 "Sets the binary override file. The override file contains section, priority "
2429 "and maintainer address information."
2432 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2433 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:380 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:427
2437 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2438 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:382
2440 "Sets the source override file. The override file contains section "
2444 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2445 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:386 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:432
2446 msgid "ExtraOverride"
2449 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2450 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:388 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:434
2451 msgid "Sets the binary extra override file."
2454 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2455 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:391 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:437
2456 msgid "SrcExtraOverride"
2459 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2460 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:393 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:439
2461 msgid "Sets the source extra override file."
2464 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
2465 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:398
2466 msgid "BinDirectory Section"
2469 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
2470 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:400
2472 "The <literal>bindirectory</literal> section defines a binary directory tree "
2473 "with no special structure. The scope tag specifies the location of the "
2474 "binary directory and the settings are similar to the <literal>Tree</literal> "
2475 "section with no substitution variables or "
2476 "<literal>Section</literal><literal>Architecture</literal> settings."
2479 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2480 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:408
2481 msgid "Sets the Packages file output."
2484 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2485 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:413
2487 "Sets the Sources file output. At least one of <literal>Packages</literal> or "
2488 "<literal>Sources</literal> is required."
2491 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2492 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:419
2493 msgid "Sets the Contents file output. (optional)"
2496 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2497 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:424
2498 msgid "Sets the binary override file."
2501 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2502 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:429
2503 msgid "Sets the source override file."
2506 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2507 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:444
2508 msgid "Sets the cache DB."
2511 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2512 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:447
2516 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2517 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:449
2518 msgid "Appends a path to all the output paths."
2521 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2522 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:452
2523 msgid "FileList, SourceFileList"
2526 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2527 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:454
2528 msgid "Specifies the file list file."
2531 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
2532 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:461
2533 msgid "The Binary Override File"
2536 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
2537 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:462
2539 "The binary override file is fully compatible with &dpkg-scanpackages;. It "
2540 "contains 4 fields separated by spaces. The first field is the package name, "
2541 "the second is the priority to force that package to, the third is the the "
2542 "section to force that package to and the final field is the maintainer "
2543 "permutation field."
2546 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><literallayout>
2547 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:468
2549 msgid "old [// oldn]* => new"
2552 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><literallayout>
2553 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:470
2558 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
2559 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:467
2561 "The general form of the maintainer field is: <placeholder "
2562 "type=\"literallayout\" id=\"0\"/> or simply, <placeholder "
2563 "type=\"literallayout\" id=\"1\"/> The first form allows a double-slash "
2564 "separated list of old email addresses to be specified. If any of those are "
2565 "found then new is substituted for the maintainer field. The second form "
2566 "unconditionally substitutes the maintainer field."
2569 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
2570 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:478
2571 msgid "The Source Override File"
2574 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
2575 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:480
2577 "The source override file is fully compatible with &dpkg-scansources;. It "
2578 "contains 2 fields separated by spaces. The first fields is the source "
2579 "package name, the second is the section to assign it."
2582 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
2583 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:485
2584 msgid "The Extra Override File"
2587 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
2588 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:487
2590 "The extra override file allows any arbitrary tag to be added or replaced in "
2591 "the output. It has 3 columns, the first is the package, the second is the "
2592 "tag and the remainder of the line is the new value."
2595 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2596 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:496
2597 msgid "<option>--md5</option>"
2600 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2601 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:498
2603 "Generate MD5 sums. This defaults to on, when turned off the generated index "
2604 "files will not have MD5Sum fields where possible. Configuration Item: "
2605 "<literal>APT::FTPArchive::MD5</literal>"
2608 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2609 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:503
2610 msgid "<option>--db</option>"
2613 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2614 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:505
2616 "Use a binary caching DB. This has no effect on the generate command. "
2617 "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::FTPArchive::DB</literal>."
2620 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2621 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:511
2623 "Quiet; produces output suitable for logging, omitting progress indicators. "
2624 "More q's will produce more quiet up to a maximum of 2. You can also use "
2625 "<option>-q=#</option> to set the quiet level, overriding the configuration "
2626 "file. Configuration Item: <literal>quiet</literal>."
2629 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2630 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:517
2631 msgid "<option>--delink</option>"
2634 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2635 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:519
2637 "Perform Delinking. If the <literal>External-Links</literal> setting is used "
2638 "then this option actually enables delinking of the files. It defaults to on "
2639 "and can be turned off with <option>--no-delink</option>. Configuration "
2640 "Item: <literal>APT::FTPArchive::DeLinkAct</literal>."
2643 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2644 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:525
2645 msgid "<option>--contents</option>"
2648 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2649 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:527
2651 "Perform contents generation. When this option is set and package indexes are "
2652 "being generated with a cache DB then the file listing will also be extracted "
2653 "and stored in the DB for later use. When using the generate command this "
2654 "option also allows the creation of any Contents files. The default is on. "
2655 "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::FTPArchive::Contents</literal>."
2658 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2659 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:535
2660 msgid "<option>--source-override</option>"
2663 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2664 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:537
2666 "Select the source override file to use with the <literal>sources</literal> "
2667 "command. Configuration Item: "
2668 "<literal>APT::FTPArchive::SourceOverride</literal>."
2671 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2672 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:541
2673 msgid "<option>--readonly</option>"
2676 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2677 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:543
2679 "Make the caching databases read only. Configuration Item: "
2680 "<literal>APT::FTPArchive::ReadOnlyDB</literal>."
2683 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
2684 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:552 apt.conf.5.xml:967 apt_preferences.5.xml:462 sources.list.5.xml:181
2688 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><programlisting>
2689 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:558
2692 "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> packages "
2693 "<replaceable>directory</replaceable> | <command>gzip</command> > "
2694 "<filename>Packages.gz</filename>\n"
2697 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
2698 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:554
2700 "To create a compressed Packages file for a directory containing binary "
2701 "packages (.deb): <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>"
2704 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
2705 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:568
2707 "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal "
2711 #. The last update date
2712 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refentryinfo>
2715 "&apt-author.jgunthorpe; &apt-author.team; &apt-email; &apt-product; <date>08 "
2716 "November 2008</date>"
2719 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
2720 #: apt-get.8.xml:22 apt-get.8.xml:29
2724 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
2726 msgid "APT package handling utility -- command-line interface"
2729 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsynopsisdiv><cmdsynopsis>
2732 "<command>apt-get</command> <arg><option>-sqdyfmubV</option></arg> <arg> "
2733 "<option>-o= <replaceable>config_string</replaceable> </option> </arg> <arg> "
2734 "<option>-c= <replaceable>config_file</replaceable> </option> </arg> <arg> "
2735 "<option>-t=</option> <group choice='req'> <arg choice='plain'> "
2736 "<replaceable>target_release_name</replaceable> </arg> <arg choice='plain'> "
2737 "<replaceable>target_release_number_expression</replaceable> </arg> <arg "
2738 "choice='plain'> <replaceable>target_release_codename</replaceable> </arg> "
2739 "</group> </arg> <group choice=\"req\"> <arg choice='plain'>update</arg> <arg "
2740 "choice='plain'>upgrade</arg> <arg choice='plain'>dselect-upgrade</arg> <arg "
2741 "choice='plain'>dist-upgrade</arg> <arg choice='plain'>install <arg "
2742 "choice=\"plain\" rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkg</replaceable> <arg> <group "
2743 "choice='req'> <arg choice='plain'> "
2744 "=<replaceable>pkg_version_number</replaceable> </arg> <arg choice='plain'> "
2745 "/<replaceable>target_release_name</replaceable> </arg> <arg choice='plain'> "
2746 "/<replaceable>target_release_codename</replaceable> </arg> </group> </arg> "
2747 "</arg> </arg> <arg choice='plain'>remove <arg choice=\"plain\" "
2748 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkg</replaceable></arg></arg> <arg "
2749 "choice='plain'>purge <arg choice=\"plain\" "
2750 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkg</replaceable></arg></arg> <arg "
2751 "choice='plain'>source <arg choice=\"plain\" "
2752 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkg</replaceable> <arg> <group choice='req'> "
2753 "<arg choice='plain'> =<replaceable>pkg_version_number</replaceable> </arg> "
2754 "<arg choice='plain'> /<replaceable>target_release_name</replaceable> </arg> "
2755 "<arg choice='plain'> /<replaceable>target_release_codename</replaceable> "
2756 "</arg> </group> </arg> </arg> </arg> <arg choice='plain'>build-dep <arg "
2757 "choice=\"plain\" rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkg</replaceable></arg></arg> "
2758 "<arg choice='plain'>check</arg> <arg choice='plain'>clean</arg> <arg "
2759 "choice='plain'>autoclean</arg> <arg choice='plain'>autoremove</arg> <arg "
2760 "choice='plain'> <group choice='req'> <arg choice='plain'>-v</arg> <arg "
2761 "choice='plain'>--version</arg> </group> </arg> <arg choice='plain'> <group "
2762 "choice='req'> <arg choice='plain'>-h</arg> <arg choice='plain'>--help</arg> "
2763 "</group> </arg> </group>"
2766 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
2767 #: apt-get.8.xml:126
2769 "<command>apt-get</command> is the command-line tool for handling packages, "
2770 "and may be considered the user's \"back-end\" to other tools using the APT "
2771 "library. Several \"front-end\" interfaces exist, such as &dselect;, "
2772 "&aptitude;, &synaptic;, &gnome-apt; and &wajig;."
2775 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2776 #: apt-get.8.xml:135 apt-key.8.xml:123
2780 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2781 #: apt-get.8.xml:136
2783 "<literal>update</literal> is used to resynchronize the package index files "
2784 "from their sources. The indexes of available packages are fetched from the "
2785 "location(s) specified in <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename>. For "
2786 "example, when using a Debian archive, this command retrieves and scans the "
2787 "<filename>Packages.gz</filename> files, so that information about new and "
2788 "updated packages is available. An <literal>update</literal> should always be "
2789 "performed before an <literal>upgrade</literal> or "
2790 "<literal>dist-upgrade</literal>. Please be aware that the overall progress "
2791 "meter will be incorrect as the size of the package files cannot be known in "
2795 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2796 #: apt-get.8.xml:147
2800 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2801 #: apt-get.8.xml:148
2803 "<literal>upgrade</literal> is used to install the newest versions of all "
2804 "packages currently installed on the system from the sources enumerated in "
2805 "<filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename>. Packages currently installed "
2806 "with new versions available are retrieved and upgraded; under no "
2807 "circumstances are currently installed packages removed, or packages not "
2808 "already installed retrieved and installed. New versions of currently "
2809 "installed packages that cannot be upgraded without changing the install "
2810 "status of another package will be left at their current version. An "
2811 "<literal>update</literal> must be performed first so that "
2812 "<command>apt-get</command> knows that new versions of packages are "
2816 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2817 #: apt-get.8.xml:160
2818 msgid "dselect-upgrade"
2821 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2822 #: apt-get.8.xml:161
2824 "<literal>dselect-upgrade</literal> is used in conjunction with the "
2825 "traditional Debian packaging front-end, "
2826 "&dselect;. <literal>dselect-upgrade</literal> follows the changes made by "
2827 "&dselect; to the <literal>Status</literal> field of available packages, and "
2828 "performs the actions necessary to realize that state (for instance, the "
2829 "removal of old and the installation of new packages)."
2832 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2833 #: apt-get.8.xml:170
2834 msgid "dist-upgrade"
2837 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2838 #: apt-get.8.xml:171
2840 "<literal>dist-upgrade</literal> in addition to performing the function of "
2841 "<literal>upgrade</literal>, also intelligently handles changing dependencies "
2842 "with new versions of packages; <command>apt-get</command> has a \"smart\" "
2843 "conflict resolution system, and it will attempt to upgrade the most "
2844 "important packages at the expense of less important ones if necessary. So, "
2845 "<literal>dist-upgrade</literal> command may remove some packages. The "
2846 "<filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename> file contains a list of locations "
2847 "from which to retrieve desired package files. See also &apt-preferences; "
2848 "for a mechanism for overriding the general settings for individual packages."
2851 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2852 #: apt-get.8.xml:183
2856 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2857 #: apt-get.8.xml:185
2859 "<literal>install</literal> is followed by one or more packages desired for "
2860 "installation or upgrading. Each package is a package name, not a fully "
2861 "qualified filename (for instance, in a Debian GNU/Linux system, libc6 would "
2862 "be the argument provided, not <literal>libc6_1.9.6-2.deb</literal>). All "
2863 "packages required by the package(s) specified for installation will also be "
2864 "retrieved and installed. The <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename> "
2865 "file is used to locate the desired packages. If a hyphen is appended to the "
2866 "package name (with no intervening space), the identified package will be "
2867 "removed if it is installed. Similarly a plus sign can be used to designate "
2868 "a package to install. These latter features may be used to override "
2869 "decisions made by apt-get's conflict resolution system."
2872 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2873 #: apt-get.8.xml:203
2875 "A specific version of a package can be selected for installation by "
2876 "following the package name with an equals and the version of the package to "
2877 "select. This will cause that version to be located and selected for "
2878 "install. Alternatively a specific distribution can be selected by following "
2879 "the package name with a slash and the version of the distribution or the "
2880 "Archive name (stable, testing, unstable)."
2883 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2884 #: apt-get.8.xml:210
2886 "Both of the version selection mechanisms can downgrade packages and must be "
2890 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2891 #: apt-get.8.xml:213
2893 "This is also the target to use if you want to upgrade one or more "
2894 "already-installed packages without upgrading every package you have on your "
2895 "system. Unlike the \"upgrade\" target, which installs the newest version of "
2896 "all currently installed packages, \"install\" will install the newest "
2897 "version of only the package(s) specified. Simply provide the name of the "
2898 "package(s) you wish to upgrade, and if a newer version is available, it (and "
2899 "its dependencies, as described above) will be downloaded and installed."
2902 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2903 #: apt-get.8.xml:224
2905 "Finally, the &apt-preferences; mechanism allows you to create an alternative "
2906 "installation policy for individual packages."
2909 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2910 #: apt-get.8.xml:228
2912 "If no package matches the given expression and the expression contains one "
2913 "of '.', '?' or '*' then it is assumed to be a POSIX regular expression, and "
2914 "it is applied to all package names in the database. Any matches are then "
2915 "installed (or removed). Note that matching is done by substring so 'lo.*' "
2916 "matches 'how-lo' and 'lowest'. If this is undesired, anchor the regular "
2917 "expression with a '^' or '$' character, or create a more specific regular "
2921 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2922 #: apt-get.8.xml:237
2926 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2927 #: apt-get.8.xml:238
2929 "<literal>remove</literal> is identical to <literal>install</literal> except "
2930 "that packages are removed instead of installed. Note the removing a package "
2931 "leaves its configuration files in system. If a plus sign is appended to the "
2932 "package name (with no intervening space), the identified package will be "
2933 "installed instead of removed."
2936 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2937 #: apt-get.8.xml:245
2941 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2942 #: apt-get.8.xml:246
2944 "<literal>purge</literal> is identical to <literal>remove</literal> except "
2945 "that packages are removed and purged (any configuration files are deleted "
2949 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2950 #: apt-get.8.xml:250
2954 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2955 #: apt-get.8.xml:251
2957 "<literal>source</literal> causes <command>apt-get</command> to fetch source "
2958 "packages. APT will examine the available packages to decide which source "
2959 "package to fetch. It will then find and download into the current directory "
2960 "the newest available version of that source package while respect the "
2961 "default release, set with the option "
2962 "<literal>APT::Default-Release</literal>, the <option>-t</option> option or "
2963 "per package with the <literal>pkg/release</literal> syntax, if possible."
2966 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2967 #: apt-get.8.xml:259
2969 "Source packages are tracked separately from binary packages via "
2970 "<literal>deb-src</literal> type lines in the &sources-list; file. This means "
2971 "that you will need to add such a line for each repository you want to get "
2972 "sources from. If you don't do this you will properly get another (newer, "
2973 "older or none) source version than the one you have installed or could "
2977 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2978 #: apt-get.8.xml:266
2980 "If the <option>--compile</option> options is specified then the package will "
2981 "be compiled to a binary .deb using <command>dpkg-buildpackage</command>, if "
2982 "<option>--download-only</option> is specified then the source package will "
2986 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2987 #: apt-get.8.xml:271
2989 "A specific source version can be retrieved by postfixing the source name "
2990 "with an equals and then the version to fetch, similar to the mechanism used "
2991 "for the package files. This enables exact matching of the source package "
2992 "name and version, implicitly enabling the "
2993 "<literal>APT::Get::Only-Source</literal> option."
2996 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2997 #: apt-get.8.xml:277
2999 "Note that source packages are not tracked like binary packages, they exist "
3000 "only in the current directory and are similar to downloading source tar "
3004 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3005 #: apt-get.8.xml:282
3009 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3010 #: apt-get.8.xml:283
3012 "<literal>build-dep</literal> causes apt-get to install/remove packages in an "
3013 "attempt to satisfy the build dependencies for a source package."
3016 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3017 #: apt-get.8.xml:287
3021 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3022 #: apt-get.8.xml:288
3024 "<literal>check</literal> is a diagnostic tool; it updates the package cache "
3025 "and checks for broken dependencies."
3028 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3029 #: apt-get.8.xml:293
3031 "<literal>clean</literal> clears out the local repository of retrieved "
3032 "package files. It removes everything but the lock file from "
3033 "<filename>&cachedir;/archives/</filename> and "
3034 "<filename>&cachedir;/archives/partial/</filename>. When APT is used as a "
3035 "&dselect; method, <literal>clean</literal> is run automatically. Those who "
3036 "do not use dselect will likely want to run <literal>apt-get clean</literal> "
3037 "from time to time to free up disk space."
3040 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3041 #: apt-get.8.xml:302
3045 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3046 #: apt-get.8.xml:303
3048 "Like <literal>clean</literal>, <literal>autoclean</literal> clears out the "
3049 "local repository of retrieved package files. The difference is that it only "
3050 "removes package files that can no longer be downloaded, and are largely "
3051 "useless. This allows a cache to be maintained over a long period without it "
3052 "growing out of control. The configuration option "
3053 "<literal>APT::Clean-Installed</literal> will prevent installed packages from "
3054 "being erased if it is set to off."
3057 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3058 #: apt-get.8.xml:312
3062 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3063 #: apt-get.8.xml:313
3065 "<literal>autoremove</literal> is used to remove packages that were "
3066 "automatically installed to satisfy dependencies for some package and that "
3067 "are no more needed."
3070 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3071 #: apt-get.8.xml:323 apt-get.8.xml:429
3072 msgid "<option>--no-install-recommends</option>"
3075 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3076 #: apt-get.8.xml:324
3078 "Do not consider recommended packages as a dependency for installing. "
3079 "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Install-Recommends</literal>."
3082 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3083 #: apt-get.8.xml:328
3084 msgid "<option>--download-only</option>"
3087 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3088 #: apt-get.8.xml:329
3090 "Download only; package files are only retrieved, not unpacked or installed. "
3091 "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Download-Only</literal>."
3094 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3095 #: apt-get.8.xml:333
3096 msgid "<option>--fix-broken</option>"
3099 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3100 #: apt-get.8.xml:334
3102 "Fix; attempt to correct a system with broken dependencies in place. This "
3103 "option, when used with install/remove, can omit any packages to permit APT "
3104 "to deduce a likely solution. Any Package that are specified must completely "
3105 "correct the problem. The option is sometimes necessary when running APT for "
3106 "the first time; APT itself does not allow broken package dependencies to "
3107 "exist on a system. It is possible that a system's dependency structure can "
3108 "be so corrupt as to require manual intervention (which usually means using "
3109 "&dselect; or <command>dpkg --remove</command> to eliminate some of the "
3110 "offending packages). Use of this option together with <option>-m</option> "
3111 "may produce an error in some situations. Configuration Item: "
3112 "<literal>APT::Get::Fix-Broken</literal>."
3115 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3116 #: apt-get.8.xml:347
3117 msgid "<option>--ignore-missing</option>"
3120 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3121 #: apt-get.8.xml:348
3122 msgid "<option>--fix-missing</option>"
3125 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3126 #: apt-get.8.xml:349
3128 "Ignore missing packages; If packages cannot be retrieved or fail the "
3129 "integrity check after retrieval (corrupted package files), hold back those "
3130 "packages and handle the result. Use of this option together with "
3131 "<option>-f</option> may produce an error in some situations. If a package is "
3132 "selected for installation (particularly if it is mentioned on the command "
3133 "line) and it could not be downloaded then it will be silently held back. "
3134 "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Fix-Missing</literal>."
3137 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3138 #: apt-get.8.xml:359
3139 msgid "<option>--no-download</option>"
3142 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3143 #: apt-get.8.xml:360
3145 "Disables downloading of packages. This is best used with "
3146 "<option>--ignore-missing</option> to force APT to use only the .debs it has "
3147 "already downloaded. Configuration Item: "
3148 "<literal>APT::Get::Download</literal>."
3151 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3152 #: apt-get.8.xml:367
3154 "Quiet; produces output suitable for logging, omitting progress indicators. "
3155 "More q's will produce more quiet up to a maximum of 2. You can also use "
3156 "<option>-q=#</option> to set the quiet level, overriding the configuration "
3157 "file. Note that quiet level 2 implies <option>-y</option>, you should never "
3158 "use -qq without a no-action modifier such as -d, --print-uris or -s as APT "
3159 "may decided to do something you did not expect. Configuration Item: "
3160 "<literal>quiet</literal>."
3163 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3164 #: apt-get.8.xml:377
3165 msgid "<option>--simulate</option>"
3168 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3169 #: apt-get.8.xml:379
3170 msgid "<option>--dry-run</option>"
3173 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3174 #: apt-get.8.xml:382
3176 "No action; perform a simulation of events that would occur but do not "
3177 "actually change the system. Configuration Item: "
3178 "<literal>APT::Get::Simulate</literal>."
3181 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3182 #: apt-get.8.xml:386
3184 "Simulation run as user will deactivate locking "
3185 "(<literal>Debug::NoLocking</literal>) automatic. Also a notice will be "
3186 "displayed indicating that this is only a simulation, if the option "
3187 "<literal>APT::Get::Show-User-Simulation-Note</literal> is set (Default: "
3188 "true). Neither NoLocking nor the notice will be triggered if run as root "
3189 "(root should know what he is doing without further warnings by "
3190 "<literal>apt-get</literal>)."
3193 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3194 #: apt-get.8.xml:392
3196 "Simulate prints out a series of lines each one representing a dpkg "
3197 "operation, Configure (Conf), Remove (Remv), Unpack (Inst). Square brackets "
3198 "indicate broken packages with and empty set of square brackets meaning "
3199 "breaks that are of no consequence (rare)."
3202 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3203 #: apt-get.8.xml:399
3204 msgid "<option>-y</option>"
3207 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3208 #: apt-get.8.xml:399
3209 msgid "<option>--yes</option>"
3212 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3213 #: apt-get.8.xml:400
3214 msgid "<option>--assume-yes</option>"
3217 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3218 #: apt-get.8.xml:401
3220 "Automatic yes to prompts; assume \"yes\" as answer to all prompts and run "
3221 "non-interactively. If an undesirable situation, such as changing a held "
3222 "package, trying to install a unauthenticated package or removing an "
3223 "essential package occurs then <literal>apt-get</literal> will abort. "
3224 "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Assume-Yes</literal>."
3227 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3228 #: apt-get.8.xml:408
3229 msgid "<option>-u</option>"
3232 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3233 #: apt-get.8.xml:408
3234 msgid "<option>--show-upgraded</option>"
3237 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3238 #: apt-get.8.xml:409
3240 "Show upgraded packages; Print out a list of all packages that are to be "
3241 "upgraded. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Show-Upgraded</literal>."
3244 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3245 #: apt-get.8.xml:414
3246 msgid "<option>-V</option>"
3249 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3250 #: apt-get.8.xml:414
3251 msgid "<option>--verbose-versions</option>"
3254 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3255 #: apt-get.8.xml:415
3257 "Show full versions for upgraded and installed packages. Configuration Item: "
3258 "<literal>APT::Get::Show-Versions</literal>."
3261 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3262 #: apt-get.8.xml:419
3263 msgid "<option>-b</option>"
3266 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3267 #: apt-get.8.xml:419
3268 msgid "<option>--compile</option>"
3271 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3272 #: apt-get.8.xml:420
3273 msgid "<option>--build</option>"
3276 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3277 #: apt-get.8.xml:421
3279 "Compile source packages after downloading them. Configuration Item: "
3280 "<literal>APT::Get::Compile</literal>."
3283 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3284 #: apt-get.8.xml:425
3285 msgid "<option>--install-recommends</option>"
3288 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3289 #: apt-get.8.xml:426
3290 msgid "Also install recommended packages."
3293 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3294 #: apt-get.8.xml:430
3295 msgid "Do not install recommended packages."
3298 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3299 #: apt-get.8.xml:433
3300 msgid "<option>--ignore-hold</option>"
3303 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3304 #: apt-get.8.xml:434
3306 "Ignore package Holds; This causes <command>apt-get</command> to ignore a "
3307 "hold placed on a package. This may be useful in conjunction with "
3308 "<literal>dist-upgrade</literal> to override a large number of undesired "
3309 "holds. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Ignore-Hold</literal>."
3312 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3313 #: apt-get.8.xml:440
3314 msgid "<option>--no-upgrade</option>"
3317 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3318 #: apt-get.8.xml:441
3320 "Do not upgrade packages; When used in conjunction with "
3321 "<literal>install</literal>, <literal>no-upgrade</literal> will prevent "
3322 "packages on the command line from being upgraded if they are already "
3323 "installed. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Upgrade</literal>."
3326 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3327 #: apt-get.8.xml:447
3328 msgid "<option>--force-yes</option>"
3331 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3332 #: apt-get.8.xml:448
3334 "Force yes; This is a dangerous option that will cause apt to continue "
3335 "without prompting if it is doing something potentially harmful. It should "
3336 "not be used except in very special situations. Using "
3337 "<literal>force-yes</literal> can potentially destroy your system! "
3338 "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::force-yes</literal>."
3341 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3342 #: apt-get.8.xml:455
3343 msgid "<option>--print-uris</option>"
3346 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3347 #: apt-get.8.xml:456
3349 "Instead of fetching the files to install their URIs are printed. Each URI "
3350 "will have the path, the destination file name, the size and the expected md5 "
3351 "hash. Note that the file name to write to will not always match the file "
3352 "name on the remote site! This also works with the <literal>source</literal> "
3353 "and <literal>update</literal> commands. When used with the "
3354 "<literal>update</literal> command the MD5 and size are not included, and it "
3355 "is up to the user to decompress any compressed files. Configuration Item: "
3356 "<literal>APT::Get::Print-URIs</literal>."
3359 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3360 #: apt-get.8.xml:466
3361 msgid "<option>--purge</option>"
3364 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3365 #: apt-get.8.xml:467
3367 "Use purge instead of remove for anything that would be removed. An asterisk "
3368 "(\"*\") will be displayed next to packages which are scheduled to be "
3369 "purged. <option>remove --purge</option> is equivalent for "
3370 "<option>purge</option> command. Configuration Item: "
3371 "<literal>APT::Get::Purge</literal>."
3374 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3375 #: apt-get.8.xml:474
3376 msgid "<option>--reinstall</option>"
3379 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3380 #: apt-get.8.xml:475
3382 "Re-Install packages that are already installed and at the newest version. "
3383 "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::ReInstall</literal>."
3386 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3387 #: apt-get.8.xml:479
3388 msgid "<option>--list-cleanup</option>"
3391 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3392 #: apt-get.8.xml:480
3394 "This option defaults to on, use <literal>--no-list-cleanup</literal> to turn "
3395 "it off. When on <command>apt-get</command> will automatically manage the "
3396 "contents of <filename>&statedir;/lists</filename> to ensure that obsolete "
3397 "files are erased. The only reason to turn it off is if you frequently "
3398 "change your source list. Configuration Item: "
3399 "<literal>APT::Get::List-Cleanup</literal>."
3402 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3403 #: apt-get.8.xml:489
3404 msgid "<option>--target-release</option>"
3407 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3408 #: apt-get.8.xml:490
3409 msgid "<option>--default-release</option>"
3412 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3413 #: apt-get.8.xml:491
3415 "This option controls the default input to the policy engine, it creates a "
3416 "default pin at priority 990 using the specified release string. This "
3417 "overrides the general settings in "
3418 "<filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename>. Specifically pinned packages are "
3419 "not affected by the value of this option. In short, this option lets you "
3420 "have simple control over which distribution packages will be retrieved "
3421 "from. Some common examples might be <option>-t '2.1*'</option>, <option>-t "
3422 "unstable</option> or <option>-t sid</option>. Configuration Item: "
3423 "<literal>APT::Default-Release</literal>; see also the &apt-preferences; "
3427 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3428 #: apt-get.8.xml:504
3429 msgid "<option>--trivial-only</option>"
3432 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3433 #: apt-get.8.xml:506
3435 "Only perform operations that are 'trivial'. Logically this can be considered "
3436 "related to <option>--assume-yes</option>, where "
3437 "<option>--assume-yes</option> will answer yes to any prompt, "
3438 "<option>--trivial-only</option> will answer no. Configuration Item: "
3439 "<literal>APT::Get::Trivial-Only</literal>."
3442 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3443 #: apt-get.8.xml:512
3444 msgid "<option>--no-remove</option>"
3447 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3448 #: apt-get.8.xml:513
3450 "If any packages are to be removed apt-get immediately aborts without "
3451 "prompting. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Remove</literal>."
3454 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3455 #: apt-get.8.xml:518
3456 msgid "<option>--auto-remove</option>"
3459 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3460 #: apt-get.8.xml:519
3462 "If the command is either <literal>install</literal> or "
3463 "<literal>remove</literal>, then this option acts like running "
3464 "<literal>autoremove</literal> command, removing the unused dependency "
3465 "packages. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::AutomaticRemove</literal>."
3468 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3469 #: apt-get.8.xml:525
3470 msgid "<option>--only-source</option>"
3473 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3474 #: apt-get.8.xml:526
3476 "Only has meaning for the <literal>source</literal> and "
3477 "<literal>build-dep</literal> commands. Indicates that the given source "
3478 "names are not to be mapped through the binary table. This means that if "
3479 "this option is specified, these commands will only accept source package "
3480 "names as arguments, rather than accepting binary package names and looking "
3481 "up the corresponding source package. Configuration Item: "
3482 "<literal>APT::Get::Only-Source</literal>."
3485 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3486 #: apt-get.8.xml:536
3487 msgid "<option>--diff-only</option>"
3490 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3491 #: apt-get.8.xml:536
3492 msgid "<option>--dsc-only</option>"
3495 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3496 #: apt-get.8.xml:536
3497 msgid "<option>--tar-only</option>"
3500 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3501 #: apt-get.8.xml:537
3503 "Download only the diff, dsc, or tar file of a source archive. Configuration "
3504 "Item: <literal>APT::Get::Diff-Only</literal>, "
3505 "<literal>APT::Get::Dsc-Only</literal>, and "
3506 "<literal>APT::Get::Tar-Only</literal>."
3509 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3510 #: apt-get.8.xml:542
3511 msgid "<option>--arch-only</option>"
3514 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3515 #: apt-get.8.xml:543
3517 "Only process architecture-dependent build-dependencies. Configuration Item: "
3518 "<literal>APT::Get::Arch-Only</literal>."
3521 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3522 #: apt-get.8.xml:547
3523 msgid "<option>--allow-unauthenticated</option>"
3526 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3527 #: apt-get.8.xml:548
3529 "Ignore if packages can't be authenticated and don't prompt about it. This "
3530 "is useful for tools like pbuilder. Configuration Item: "
3531 "<literal>APT::Get::AllowUnauthenticated</literal>."
3534 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist>
3535 #: apt-get.8.xml:561
3537 "&file-sourceslist; &file-aptconf; &file-preferences; &file-cachearchives; "
3541 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3542 #: apt-get.8.xml:570
3544 "&apt-cache;, &apt-cdrom;, &dpkg;, &dselect;, &sources-list;, &apt-conf;, "
3545 "&apt-config;, &apt-secure;, The APT User's guide in &guidesdir;, "
3546 "&apt-preferences;, the APT Howto."
3549 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3550 #: apt-get.8.xml:576
3552 "<command>apt-get</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal 100 on "
3556 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
3557 #: apt-get.8.xml:579
3558 msgid "ORIGINAL AUTHORS"
3561 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3562 #: apt-get.8.xml:580
3563 msgid "&apt-author.jgunthorpe;"
3566 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
3567 #: apt-get.8.xml:583
3568 msgid "CURRENT AUTHORS"
3571 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3572 #: apt-get.8.xml:585
3573 msgid "&apt-author.team;"
3576 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
3577 #: apt-key.8.xml:14 apt-key.8.xml:21
3581 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
3583 msgid "APT key management utility"
3586 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsynopsisdiv><cmdsynopsis>
3589 "<command>apt-key</command> <arg><replaceable>command</replaceable>/</arg> "
3591 "rep=\"repeat\"><option><replaceable>arguments</replaceable></option></arg>"
3594 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3597 "<command>apt-key</command> is used to manage the list of keys used by apt to "
3598 "authenticate packages. Packages which have been authenticated using these "
3599 "keys will be considered trusted."
3602 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
3607 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3609 msgid "add <replaceable>filename</replaceable>"
3612 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3615 "Add a new key to the list of trusted keys. The key is read from "
3616 "<replaceable>filename</replaceable>, or standard input if "
3617 "<replaceable>filename</replaceable> is <literal>-</literal>."
3620 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3622 msgid "del <replaceable>keyid</replaceable>"
3625 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3627 msgid "Remove a key from the list of trusted keys."
3630 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3632 msgid "export <replaceable>keyid</replaceable>"
3635 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3637 msgid "Output the key <replaceable>keyid</replaceable> to standard output."
3640 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3645 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3647 msgid "Output all trusted keys to standard output."
3650 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3655 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3657 msgid "List trusted keys."
3660 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3661 #: apt-key.8.xml:100
3665 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3666 #: apt-key.8.xml:104
3667 msgid "List fingerprints of trusted keys."
3670 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3671 #: apt-key.8.xml:111
3675 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3676 #: apt-key.8.xml:115
3678 "Pass advanced options to gpg. With adv --recv-key you can download the "
3682 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3683 #: apt-key.8.xml:127
3685 "Update the local keyring with the keyring of Debian archive keys and removes "
3686 "from the keyring the archive keys which are no longer valid."
3689 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3690 #: apt-key.8.xml:140
3691 msgid "<filename>/etc/apt/trusted.gpg</filename>"
3694 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3695 #: apt-key.8.xml:141
3696 msgid "Keyring of local trusted keys, new keys will be added here."
3699 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3700 #: apt-key.8.xml:144
3701 msgid "<filename>/etc/apt/trustdb.gpg</filename>"
3704 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3705 #: apt-key.8.xml:145
3706 msgid "Local trust database of archive keys."
3709 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3710 #: apt-key.8.xml:148
3711 msgid "<filename>/usr/share/keyrings/debian-archive-keyring.gpg</filename>"
3714 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3715 #: apt-key.8.xml:149
3716 msgid "Keyring of Debian archive trusted keys."
3719 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3720 #: apt-key.8.xml:152
3721 msgid "<filename>/usr/share/keyrings/debian-archive-removed-keys.gpg</filename>"
3724 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3725 #: apt-key.8.xml:153
3726 msgid "Keyring of Debian archive removed trusted keys."
3729 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3730 #: apt-key.8.xml:164
3731 msgid "&apt-get;, &apt-secure;"
3734 #. The last update date
3735 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refentryinfo>
3736 #: apt-mark.8.xml:13
3738 "&apt-author.moconnor; &apt-author.team; &apt-email; &apt-product; <date>9 "
3739 "August 2009</date>"
3742 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
3743 #: apt-mark.8.xml:22 apt-mark.8.xml:29
3747 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
3748 #: apt-mark.8.xml:30
3749 msgid "mark/unmark a package as being automatically-installed"
3752 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsynopsisdiv><cmdsynopsis>
3753 #: apt-mark.8.xml:36
3755 " <command>apt-mark</command> <arg><option>-hv</option></arg> "
3756 "<arg><option>-f=<replaceable>FILENAME</replaceable></option></arg> <group "
3757 "choice=\"plain\"> <arg choice=\"plain\"> <group choice=\"req\"> <arg "
3758 "choice=\"plain\">markauto</arg> <arg choice=\"plain\">unmarkauto</arg> "
3759 "</group> <arg choice=\"plain\" "
3760 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>package</replaceable></arg> </arg> <arg "
3761 "choice=\"plain\">showauto</arg> </group>"
3764 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3765 #: apt-mark.8.xml:53
3767 "<command>apt-mark</command> will change whether a package has been marked as "
3768 "being automatically installed."
3771 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3772 #: apt-mark.8.xml:57
3774 "When you request that a package is installed, and as a result other packages "
3775 "are installed to satisfy its dependencies, the dependencies are marked as "
3776 "being automatically installed. Once these automatically installed packages "
3777 "are no longer depended on by any manually installed packages, they will be "
3778 "removed by e.g. <command>apt-get</command> or <command>aptitude</command>."
3781 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3782 #: apt-mark.8.xml:65
3786 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3787 #: apt-mark.8.xml:66
3789 "<literal>markauto</literal> is used to mark a package as being automatically "
3790 "installed, which will cause the package to be removed when no more manually "
3791 "installed packages depend on this package."
3794 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3795 #: apt-mark.8.xml:73
3799 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3800 #: apt-mark.8.xml:74
3802 "<literal>unmarkauto</literal> is used to mark a package as being manually "
3803 "installed, which will prevent the package from being automatically removed "
3804 "if no other packages depend on it."
3807 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3808 #: apt-mark.8.xml:81
3812 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3813 #: apt-mark.8.xml:82
3815 "<literal>showauto</literal> is used to print a list of manually installed "
3816 "packages with each package on a new line."
3819 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3820 #: apt-mark.8.xml:93
3821 msgid "<option>-f=<filename><replaceable>FILENAME</replaceable></filename></option>"
3824 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3825 #: apt-mark.8.xml:94
3826 msgid "<option>--file=<filename><replaceable>FILENAME</replaceable></filename></option>"
3829 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3830 #: apt-mark.8.xml:97
3832 "Read/Write package stats from "
3833 "<filename><replaceable>FILENAME</replaceable></filename> instead of the "
3834 "default location, which is <filename>extended_status</filename> in the "
3835 "directory defined by the Configuration Item: <literal>Dir::State</literal>."
3838 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3839 #: apt-mark.8.xml:103
3840 msgid "<option>-h</option>"
3843 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3844 #: apt-mark.8.xml:104
3845 msgid "<option>--help</option>"
3848 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3849 #: apt-mark.8.xml:105
3850 msgid "Show a short usage summary."
3853 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3854 #: apt-mark.8.xml:111
3855 msgid "<option>-v</option>"
3858 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3859 #: apt-mark.8.xml:112
3860 msgid "<option>--version</option>"
3863 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3864 #: apt-mark.8.xml:113
3865 msgid "Show the program version."
3868 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3869 #: apt-mark.8.xml:124
3870 msgid "<filename>/var/lib/apt/extended_states</filename>"
3873 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3874 #: apt-mark.8.xml:125
3876 "Status list of auto-installed packages. Configuration Item: "
3877 "<literal>Dir::State</literal> sets the path to the "
3878 "<filename>extended_states</filename> file."
3881 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3882 #: apt-mark.8.xml:134
3883 msgid "&apt-get;,&aptitude;,&apt-conf;"
3886 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3887 #: apt-mark.8.xml:138
3889 "<command>apt-mark</command> returns zero on normal operation, non-zero on "
3893 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
3894 #: apt-secure.8.xml:14 apt-secure.8.xml:36
3898 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
3899 #: apt-secure.8.xml:37
3900 msgid "Archive authentication support for APT"
3903 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3904 #: apt-secure.8.xml:42
3906 "Starting with version 0.6, <command>apt</command> contains code that does "
3907 "signature checking of the Release file for all archives. This ensures that "
3908 "packages in the archive can't be modified by people who have no access to "
3909 "the Release file signing key."
3912 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3913 #: apt-secure.8.xml:50
3915 "If a package comes from a archive without a signature or with a signature "
3916 "that apt does not have a key for that package is considered untrusted and "
3917 "installing it will result in a big warning. <command>apt-get</command> will "
3918 "currently only warn for unsigned archives, future releases might force all "
3919 "sources to be verified before downloading packages from them."
3922 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3923 #: apt-secure.8.xml:59
3925 "The package frontends &apt-get;, &aptitude; and &synaptic; support this new "
3926 "authentication feature."
3929 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
3930 #: apt-secure.8.xml:64
3931 msgid "Trusted archives"
3934 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3935 #: apt-secure.8.xml:67
3937 "The chain of trust from an apt archive to the end user is made up of "
3938 "different steps. <command>apt-secure</command> is the last step in this "
3939 "chain, trusting an archive does not mean that the packages that you trust it "
3940 "do not contain malicious code but means that you trust the archive "
3941 "maintainer. Its the archive maintainer responsibility to ensure that the "
3942 "archive integrity is correct."
3945 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3946 #: apt-secure.8.xml:75
3948 "apt-secure does not review signatures at a package level. If you require "
3949 "tools to do this you should look at <command>debsig-verify</command> and "
3950 "<command>debsign</command> (provided in the debsig-verify and devscripts "
3951 "packages respectively)."
3954 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3955 #: apt-secure.8.xml:82
3957 "The chain of trust in Debian starts when a maintainer uploads a new package "
3958 "or a new version of a package to the Debian archive. This upload in order to "
3959 "become effective needs to be signed by a key of a maintainer within the "
3960 "Debian maintainer's keyring (available in the debian-keyring "
3961 "package). Maintainer's keys are signed by other maintainers following "
3962 "pre-established procedures to ensure the identity of the key holder."
3965 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3966 #: apt-secure.8.xml:92
3968 "Once the uploaded package is verified and included in the archive, the "
3969 "maintainer signature is stripped off, an MD5 sum of the package is computed "
3970 "and put in the Packages file. The MD5 sum of all of the packages files are "
3971 "then computed and put into the Release file. The Release file is then signed "
3972 "by the archive key (which is created once a year and distributed through the "
3973 "FTP server. This key is also on the Debian keyring."
3976 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3977 #: apt-secure.8.xml:102
3979 "Any end user can check the signature of the Release file, extract the MD5 "
3980 "sum of a package from it and compare it with the MD5 sum of the package he "
3981 "downloaded. Prior to version 0.6 only the MD5 sum of the downloaded Debian "
3982 "package was checked. Now both the MD5 sum and the signature of the Release "
3986 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3987 #: apt-secure.8.xml:109
3989 "Notice that this is distinct from checking signatures on a per package "
3990 "basis. It is designed to prevent two possible attacks:"
3993 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
3994 #: apt-secure.8.xml:114
3996 "<literal>Network \"man in the middle\" attacks</literal>. Without signature "
3997 "checking, a malicious agent can introduce himself in the package download "
3998 "process and provide malicious software either by controlling a network "
3999 "element (router, switch, etc.) or by redirecting traffic to a rogue server "
4000 "(through arp or DNS spoofing attacks)."
4003 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
4004 #: apt-secure.8.xml:122
4006 "<literal>Mirror network compromise</literal>. Without signature checking, a "
4007 "malicious agent can compromise a mirror host and modify the files in it to "
4008 "propagate malicious software to all users downloading packages from that "
4012 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4013 #: apt-secure.8.xml:129
4015 "However, it does not defend against a compromise of the Debian master server "
4016 "itself (which signs the packages) or against a compromise of the key used to "
4017 "sign the Release files. In any case, this mechanism can complement a "
4018 "per-package signature."
4021 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
4022 #: apt-secure.8.xml:135
4023 msgid "User configuration"
4026 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4027 #: apt-secure.8.xml:137
4029 "<command>apt-key</command> is the program that manages the list of keys used "
4030 "by apt. It can be used to add or remove keys although an installation of "
4031 "this release will automatically provide the default Debian archive signing "
4032 "keys used in the Debian package repositories."
4035 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4036 #: apt-secure.8.xml:144
4038 "In order to add a new key you need to first download it (you should make "
4039 "sure you are using a trusted communication channel when retrieving it), add "
4040 "it with <command>apt-key</command> and then run <command>apt-get "
4041 "update</command> so that apt can download and verify the "
4042 "<filename>Release.gpg</filename> files from the archives you have "
4046 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
4047 #: apt-secure.8.xml:153
4048 msgid "Archive configuration"
4051 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4052 #: apt-secure.8.xml:155
4054 "If you want to provide archive signatures in an archive under your "
4055 "maintenance you have to:"
4058 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
4059 #: apt-secure.8.xml:160
4061 "<literal>Create a toplevel Release file</literal>. if it does not exist "
4062 "already. You can do this by running <command>apt-ftparchive "
4063 "release</command> (provided in apt-utils)."
4066 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
4067 #: apt-secure.8.xml:165
4069 "<literal>Sign it</literal>. You can do this by running <command>gpg -abs -o "
4070 "Release.gpg Release</command>."
4073 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
4074 #: apt-secure.8.xml:168
4076 "<literal>Publish the key fingerprint</literal>, that way your users will "
4077 "know what key they need to import in order to authenticate the files in the "
4081 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4082 #: apt-secure.8.xml:175
4084 "Whenever the contents of the archive changes (new packages are added or "
4085 "removed) the archive maintainer has to follow the first two steps previously "
4089 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4090 #: apt-secure.8.xml:183
4092 "&apt-conf;, &apt-get;, &sources-list;, &apt-key;, &apt-ftparchive;, "
4093 "&debsign; &debsig-verify;, &gpg;"
4096 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4097 #: apt-secure.8.xml:187
4099 "For more background information you might want to review the <ulink "
4100 "url=\"http://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/securing-debian-howto/ch7.en.html\">Debian "
4101 "Security Infrastructure</ulink> chapter of the Securing Debian Manual "
4102 "(available also in the harden-doc package) and the <ulink "
4103 "url=\"http://www.cryptnet.net/fdp/crypto/strong_distro.html\" >Strong "
4104 "Distribution HOWTO</ulink> by V. Alex Brennen."
4107 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
4108 #: apt-secure.8.xml:200
4109 msgid "Manpage Authors"
4112 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4113 #: apt-secure.8.xml:202
4115 "This man-page is based on the work of Javier Fernández-Sanguino Peña, Isaac "
4116 "Jones, Colin Walters, Florian Weimer and Michael Vogt."
4119 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
4120 #: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:22 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:29
4121 msgid "apt-sortpkgs"
4124 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
4125 #: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:30
4126 msgid "Utility to sort package index files"
4129 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsynopsisdiv><cmdsynopsis>
4130 #: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:36
4132 "<command>apt-sortpkgs</command> <arg><option>-hvs</option></arg> "
4133 "<arg><option>-o=<replaceable>config string</replaceable></option></arg> "
4134 "<arg><option>-c=<replaceable>file</replaceable></option></arg> <arg "
4135 "choice=\"plain\" rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>file</replaceable></arg>"
4138 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4139 #: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:45
4141 "<command>apt-sortpkgs</command> will take an index file (Source index or "
4142 "Package index) and sort the records so that they are ordered by the package "
4143 "name. It will also sort the internal fields of each record according to the "
4144 "internal sorting rules."
4147 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4148 #: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:51
4149 msgid "All output is sent to stdout, the input must be a seekable file."
4152 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4153 #: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:58
4154 msgid "<option>--source</option>"
4157 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4158 #: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:60
4160 "Use Source index field ordering. Configuration Item: "
4161 "<literal>APT::SortPkgs::Source</literal>."
4164 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4165 #: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:74
4167 "<command>apt-sortpkgs</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal "
4171 #. The last update date
4172 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refentryinfo>
4173 #: apt.conf.5.xml:13
4175 "&apt-author.jgunthorpe; &apt-author.team; <author> "
4176 "<firstname>Daniel</firstname> <surname>Burrows</surname> <contrib>Initial "
4177 "documentation of Debug::*.</contrib> <email>dburrows@debian.org</email> "
4178 "</author> &apt-email; &apt-product; <date>18 September 2009</date>"
4181 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
4182 #: apt.conf.5.xml:28 apt.conf.5.xml:35
4186 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refmeta><manvolnum>
4187 #: apt.conf.5.xml:29 apt_preferences.5.xml:22 sources.list.5.xml:23
4191 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
4192 #: apt.conf.5.xml:36
4193 msgid "Configuration file for APT"
4196 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4197 #: apt.conf.5.xml:40
4199 "<filename>apt.conf</filename> is the main configuration file for the APT "
4200 "suite of tools, all tools make use of the configuration file and a common "
4201 "command line parser to provide a uniform environment. When an APT tool "
4202 "starts up it will read the configuration specified by the "
4203 "<envar>APT_CONFIG</envar> environment variable (if any) and then read the "
4204 "files in <literal>Dir::Etc::Parts</literal> then read the main configuration "
4205 "file specified by <literal>Dir::Etc::main</literal> then finally apply the "
4206 "command line options to override the configuration directives, possibly "
4207 "loading even more config files."
4210 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4211 #: apt.conf.5.xml:50
4213 "The configuration file is organized in a tree with options organized into "
4214 "functional groups. option specification is given with a double colon "
4215 "notation, for instance <literal>APT::Get::Assume-Yes</literal> is an option "
4216 "within the APT tool group, for the Get tool. options do not inherit from "
4217 "their parent groups."
4220 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4221 #: apt.conf.5.xml:56
4223 "Syntactically the configuration language is modeled after what the ISC tools "
4224 "such as bind and dhcp use. Lines starting with <literal>//</literal> are "
4225 "treated as comments (ignored), as well as all text between "
4226 "<literal>/*</literal> and <literal>*/</literal>, just like C/C++ comments. "
4227 "Each line is of the form <literal>APT::Get::Assume-Yes \"true\";</literal> "
4228 "The trailing semicolon and the quotes are required. The value must be on one "
4229 "line, and there is no kind of string concatenation. It must not include "
4230 "inside quotes. The behavior of the backslash \"\\\" and escaped characters "
4231 "inside a value is undefined and it should not be used. An option name may "
4232 "include alphanumerical characters and the \"/-:._+\" characters. A new scope "
4233 "can be opened with curly braces, like:"
4236 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><informalexample><programlisting>
4237 #: apt.conf.5.xml:70
4242 " Assume-Yes \"true\";\n"
4243 " Fix-Broken \"true\";\n"
4248 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4249 #: apt.conf.5.xml:78
4251 "with newlines placed to make it more readable. Lists can be created by "
4252 "opening a scope and including a single string enclosed in quotes followed by "
4253 "a semicolon. Multiple entries can be included, each separated by a "
4257 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><informalexample><programlisting>
4258 #: apt.conf.5.xml:83
4260 msgid "DPkg::Pre-Install-Pkgs {\"/usr/sbin/dpkg-preconfigure --apt\";};\n"
4263 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4264 #: apt.conf.5.xml:86
4266 "In general the sample configuration file in "
4267 "<filename>&docdir;examples/apt.conf</filename> &configureindex; is a good "
4268 "guide for how it should look."
4271 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4272 #: apt.conf.5.xml:90
4274 "The names of the configuration items are not case-sensitive. So in the "
4275 "previous example you could use <literal>dpkg::pre-install-pkgs</literal>."
4278 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4279 #: apt.conf.5.xml:93
4281 "Names for the configuration items are optional if a list is defined as it "
4282 "can be see in the <literal>DPkg::Pre-Install-Pkgs</literal> example "
4283 "above. If you don't specify a name a new entry will simply add a new option "
4284 "to the list. If you specify a name you can override the option as every "
4285 "other option by reassigning a new value to the option."
4288 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4289 #: apt.conf.5.xml:98
4291 "Two specials are allowed, <literal>#include</literal> (which is deprecated "
4292 "and not supported by alternative implementations) and "
4293 "<literal>#clear</literal>: <literal>#include</literal> will include the "
4294 "given file, unless the filename ends in a slash, then the whole directory is "
4295 "included. <literal>#clear</literal> is used to erase a part of the "
4296 "configuration tree. The specified element and all its descendants are "
4297 "erased. (Note that these lines also need to end with a semicolon.)"
4300 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4301 #: apt.conf.5.xml:106
4303 "The #clear command is the only way to delete a list or a complete scope. "
4304 "Reopening a scope or the ::-style described below will "
4305 "<emphasis>not</emphasis> override previously written entries. Only options "
4306 "can be overridden by addressing a new value to it - lists and scopes can't "
4307 "be overridden, only cleared."
4310 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4311 #: apt.conf.5.xml:111
4313 "All of the APT tools take a -o option which allows an arbitrary "
4314 "configuration directive to be specified on the command line. The syntax is a "
4315 "full option name (<literal>APT::Get::Assume-Yes</literal> for instance) "
4316 "followed by an equals sign then the new value of the option. Lists can be "
4317 "appended too by adding a trailing :: to the list name. (As you might "
4318 "suspect: The scope syntax can't be used on the command line.)"
4321 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4322 #: apt.conf.5.xml:118
4324 "Note that you can use :: only for appending one item per line to a list and "
4325 "that you should not use it in combination with the scope syntax. (The scope "
4326 "syntax implicit insert ::) Using both syntaxes together will trigger a bug "
4327 "which some users unfortunately relay on: An option with the unusual name "
4328 "\"<literal>::</literal>\" which acts like every other option with a "
4329 "name. These introduces many problems including that a user who writes "
4330 "multiple lines in this <emphasis>wrong</emphasis> syntax in the hope to "
4331 "append to a list will gain the opposite as only the last assignment for this "
4332 "option \"<literal>::</literal>\" will be used. Upcoming APT versions will "
4333 "raise errors and will stop working if they encounter this misuse, so please "
4334 "correct such statements now as long as APT doesn't complain explicit about "
4338 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
4339 #: apt.conf.5.xml:130
4340 msgid "The APT Group"
4343 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4344 #: apt.conf.5.xml:131
4346 "This group of options controls general APT behavior as well as holding the "
4347 "options for all of the tools."
4350 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4351 #: apt.conf.5.xml:135
4352 msgid "Architecture"
4355 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4356 #: apt.conf.5.xml:136
4358 "System Architecture; sets the architecture to use when fetching files and "
4359 "parsing package lists. The internal default is the architecture apt was "
4363 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4364 #: apt.conf.5.xml:141
4365 msgid "Default-Release"
4368 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4369 #: apt.conf.5.xml:142
4371 "Default release to install packages from if more than one version "
4372 "available. Contains release name, codename or release version. Examples: "
4373 "'stable', 'testing', 'unstable', 'lenny', 'squeeze', '4.0', '5.0*'. See also "
4374 "&apt-preferences;."
4377 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4378 #: apt.conf.5.xml:146
4382 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4383 #: apt.conf.5.xml:147
4385 "Ignore Held packages; This global option causes the problem resolver to "
4386 "ignore held packages in its decision making."
4389 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4390 #: apt.conf.5.xml:151
4391 msgid "Clean-Installed"
4394 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4395 #: apt.conf.5.xml:152
4397 "Defaults to on. When turned on the autoclean feature will remove any "
4398 "packages which can no longer be downloaded from the cache. If turned off "
4399 "then packages that are locally installed are also excluded from cleaning - "
4400 "but note that APT provides no direct means to reinstall them."
4403 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4404 #: apt.conf.5.xml:158
4405 msgid "Immediate-Configure"
4408 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4409 #: apt.conf.5.xml:159
4411 "Disable Immediate Configuration; This dangerous option disables some of "
4412 "APT's ordering code to cause it to make fewer dpkg calls. Doing so may be "
4413 "necessary on some extremely slow single user systems but is very dangerous "
4414 "and may cause package install scripts to fail or worse. Use at your own "
4418 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4419 #: apt.conf.5.xml:166
4420 msgid "Force-LoopBreak"
4423 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4424 #: apt.conf.5.xml:167
4426 "Never Enable this option unless you -really- know what you are doing. It "
4427 "permits APT to temporarily remove an essential package to break a "
4428 "Conflicts/Conflicts or Conflicts/Pre-Depend loop between two essential "
4429 "packages. SUCH A LOOP SHOULD NEVER EXIST AND IS A GRAVE BUG. This option "
4430 "will work if the essential packages are not tar, gzip, libc, dpkg, bash or "
4431 "anything that those packages depend on."
4434 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4435 #: apt.conf.5.xml:175
4439 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4440 #: apt.conf.5.xml:176
4442 "APT uses a fixed size memory mapped cache file to store the 'available' "
4443 "information. This sets the size of that cache (in bytes)."
4446 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4447 #: apt.conf.5.xml:180
4448 msgid "Build-Essential"
4451 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4452 #: apt.conf.5.xml:181
4453 msgid "Defines which package(s) are considered essential build dependencies."
4456 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4457 #: apt.conf.5.xml:184
4461 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4462 #: apt.conf.5.xml:185
4464 "The Get subsection controls the &apt-get; tool, please see its documentation "
4465 "for more information about the options here."
4468 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4469 #: apt.conf.5.xml:189
4473 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4474 #: apt.conf.5.xml:190
4476 "The Cache subsection controls the &apt-cache; tool, please see its "
4477 "documentation for more information about the options here."
4480 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4481 #: apt.conf.5.xml:194
4485 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4486 #: apt.conf.5.xml:195
4488 "The CDROM subsection controls the &apt-cdrom; tool, please see its "
4489 "documentation for more information about the options here."
4492 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
4493 #: apt.conf.5.xml:201
4494 msgid "The Acquire Group"
4497 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4498 #: apt.conf.5.xml:206
4502 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4503 #: apt.conf.5.xml:207
4505 "Try to download deltas called <literal>PDiffs</literal> for Packages or "
4506 "Sources files instead of downloading whole ones. True by default."
4509 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4510 #: apt.conf.5.xml:212
4514 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4515 #: apt.conf.5.xml:213
4517 "Queuing mode; <literal>Queue-Mode</literal> can be one of "
4518 "<literal>host</literal> or <literal>access</literal> which determines how "
4519 "APT parallelizes outgoing connections. <literal>host</literal> means that "
4520 "one connection per target host will be opened, <literal>access</literal> "
4521 "means that one connection per URI type will be opened."
4524 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4525 #: apt.conf.5.xml:220
4529 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4530 #: apt.conf.5.xml:221
4532 "Number of retries to perform. If this is non-zero APT will retry failed "
4533 "files the given number of times."
4536 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4537 #: apt.conf.5.xml:225
4538 msgid "Source-Symlinks"
4541 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4542 #: apt.conf.5.xml:226
4544 "Use symlinks for source archives. If set to true then source archives will "
4545 "be symlinked when possible instead of copying. True is the default."
4548 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4549 #: apt.conf.5.xml:230 sources.list.5.xml:139
4553 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4554 #: apt.conf.5.xml:231
4556 "HTTP URIs; http::Proxy is the default http proxy to use. It is in the "
4557 "standard form of <literal>http://[[user][:pass]@]host[:port]/</literal>. Per "
4558 "host proxies can also be specified by using the form "
4559 "<literal>http::Proxy::<host></literal> with the special keyword "
4560 "<literal>DIRECT</literal> meaning to use no proxies. If no one of the above "
4561 "settings is specified, <envar>http_proxy</envar> environment variable will "
4565 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4566 #: apt.conf.5.xml:239
4568 "Three settings are provided for cache control with HTTP/1.1 compliant proxy "
4569 "caches. <literal>No-Cache</literal> tells the proxy to not use its cached "
4570 "response under any circumstances, <literal>Max-Age</literal> is sent only "
4571 "for index files and tells the cache to refresh its object if it is older "
4572 "than the given number of seconds. Debian updates its index files daily so "
4573 "the default is 1 day. <literal>No-Store</literal> specifies that the cache "
4574 "should never store this request, it is only set for archive files. This may "
4575 "be useful to prevent polluting a proxy cache with very large .deb "
4576 "files. Note: Squid 2.0.2 does not support any of these options."
4579 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4580 #: apt.conf.5.xml:249 apt.conf.5.xml:306
4582 "The option <literal>timeout</literal> sets the timeout timer used by the "
4583 "method, this applies to all things including connection timeout and data "
4587 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4588 #: apt.conf.5.xml:252
4590 "One setting is provided to control the pipeline depth in cases where the "
4591 "remote server is not RFC conforming or buggy (such as Squid 2.0.2) "
4592 "<literal>Acquire::http::Pipeline-Depth</literal> can be a value from 0 to 5 "
4593 "indicating how many outstanding requests APT should send. A value of zero "
4594 "MUST be specified if the remote host does not properly linger on TCP "
4595 "connections - otherwise data corruption will occur. Hosts which require this "
4596 "are in violation of RFC 2068."
4599 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4600 #: apt.conf.5.xml:260
4602 "The used bandwidth can be limited with "
4603 "<literal>Acquire::http::Dl-Limit</literal> which accepts integer values in "
4604 "kilobyte. The default value is 0 which deactivates the limit and tries uses "
4605 "as much as possible of the bandwidth (Note that this option implicit "
4606 "deactivates the download from multiple servers at the same time.)"
4609 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4610 #: apt.conf.5.xml:266
4614 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4615 #: apt.conf.5.xml:267
4617 "HTTPS URIs. Cache-control and proxy options are the same as for "
4618 "<literal>http</literal> method. <literal>Pipeline-Depth</literal> option is "
4619 "not supported yet."
4622 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4623 #: apt.conf.5.xml:271
4625 "<literal>CaInfo</literal> suboption specifies place of file that holds info "
4626 "about trusted certificates. <literal><host>::CaInfo</literal> is "
4627 "corresponding per-host option. <literal>Verify-Peer</literal> boolean "
4628 "suboption determines whether verify server's host certificate against "
4629 "trusted certificates or not. <literal><host>::Verify-Peer</literal> "
4630 "is corresponding per-host option. <literal>Verify-Host</literal> boolean "
4631 "suboption determines whether verify server's hostname or not. "
4632 "<literal><host>::Verify-Host</literal> is corresponding per-host "
4633 "option. <literal>SslCert</literal> determines what certificate to use for "
4634 "client authentication. <literal><host>::SslCert</literal> is "
4635 "corresponding per-host option. <literal>SslKey</literal> determines what "
4636 "private key to use for client "
4637 "authentication. <literal><host>::SslKey</literal> is corresponding "
4638 "per-host option. <literal>SslForceVersion</literal> overrides default SSL "
4639 "version to use. Can contain 'TLSv1' or 'SSLv3' string. "
4640 "<literal><host>::SslForceVersion</literal> is corresponding per-host "
4644 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4645 #: apt.conf.5.xml:289 sources.list.5.xml:150
4649 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4650 #: apt.conf.5.xml:290
4652 "FTP URIs; ftp::Proxy is the default ftp proxy to use. It is in the standard "
4653 "form of <literal>ftp://[[user][:pass]@]host[:port]/</literal>. Per host "
4654 "proxies can also be specified by using the form "
4655 "<literal>ftp::Proxy::<host></literal> with the special keyword "
4656 "<literal>DIRECT</literal> meaning to use no proxies. If no one of the above "
4657 "settings is specified, <envar>ftp_proxy</envar> environment variable will be "
4658 "used. To use a ftp proxy you will have to set the "
4659 "<literal>ftp::ProxyLogin</literal> script in the configuration file. This "
4660 "entry specifies the commands to send to tell the proxy server what to "
4661 "connect to. Please see &configureindex; for an example of how to do "
4662 "this. The substitution variables available are "
4663 "<literal>$(PROXY_USER)</literal> <literal>$(PROXY_PASS)</literal> "
4664 "<literal>$(SITE_USER)</literal> <literal>$(SITE_PASS)</literal> "
4665 "<literal>$(SITE)</literal> and <literal>$(SITE_PORT)</literal> Each is taken "
4666 "from it's respective URI component."
4669 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4670 #: apt.conf.5.xml:309
4672 "Several settings are provided to control passive mode. Generally it is safe "
4673 "to leave passive mode on, it works in nearly every environment. However "
4674 "some situations require that passive mode be disabled and port mode ftp used "
4675 "instead. This can be done globally, for connections that go through a proxy "
4676 "or for a specific host (See the sample config file for examples)."
4679 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4680 #: apt.conf.5.xml:316
4682 "It is possible to proxy FTP over HTTP by setting the "
4683 "<envar>ftp_proxy</envar> environment variable to a http url - see the "
4684 "discussion of the http method above for syntax. You cannot set this in the "
4685 "configuration file and it is not recommended to use FTP over HTTP due to its "
4689 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4690 #: apt.conf.5.xml:321
4692 "The setting <literal>ForceExtended</literal> controls the use of RFC2428 "
4693 "<literal>EPSV</literal> and <literal>EPRT</literal> commands. The default is "
4694 "false, which means these commands are only used if the control connection is "
4695 "IPv6. Setting this to true forces their use even on IPv4 connections. Note "
4696 "that most FTP servers do not support RFC2428."
4699 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4700 #: apt.conf.5.xml:328 sources.list.5.xml:132
4704 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><literallayout>
4705 #: apt.conf.5.xml:334
4707 msgid "/cdrom/::Mount \"foo\";"
4710 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4711 #: apt.conf.5.xml:329
4713 "CDROM URIs; the only setting for CDROM URIs is the mount point, "
4714 "<literal>cdrom::Mount</literal> which must be the mount point for the CDROM "
4715 "drive as specified in <filename>/etc/fstab</filename>. It is possible to "
4716 "provide alternate mount and unmount commands if your mount point cannot be "
4717 "listed in the fstab (such as an SMB mount and old mount packages). The "
4718 "syntax is to put <placeholder type=\"literallayout\" id=\"0\"/> within the "
4719 "cdrom block. It is important to have the trailing slash. Unmount commands "
4720 "can be specified using UMount."
4723 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4724 #: apt.conf.5.xml:339
4728 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4729 #: apt.conf.5.xml:340
4731 "GPGV URIs; the only option for GPGV URIs is the option to pass additional "
4732 "parameters to gpgv. <literal>gpgv::Options</literal> Additional options "
4736 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4737 #: apt.conf.5.xml:345
4738 msgid "CompressionTypes"
4741 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><synopsis>
4742 #: apt.conf.5.xml:351
4745 "Acquire::CompressionTypes::<replaceable>FileExtension</replaceable> "
4746 "\"<replaceable>Methodname</replaceable>\";"
4749 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4750 #: apt.conf.5.xml:346
4752 "List of compression types which are understood by the acquire methods. "
4753 "Files like <filename>Packages</filename> can be available in various "
4754 "compression formats. Per default the acquire methods can decompress "
4755 "<command>bzip2</command>, <command>lzma</command> and "
4756 "<command>gzip</command> compressed files, with this setting more formats can "
4757 "be added on the fly or the used method can be changed. The syntax for this "
4758 "is: <placeholder type=\"synopsis\" id=\"0\"/>"
4761 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><synopsis>
4762 #: apt.conf.5.xml:356
4764 msgid "Acquire::CompressionTypes::Order:: \"gz\";"
4767 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><synopsis>
4768 #: apt.conf.5.xml:359
4770 msgid "Acquire::CompressionTypes::Order { \"lzma\"; \"gz\"; };"
4773 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4774 #: apt.conf.5.xml:352
4776 "Also the <literal>Order</literal> subgroup can be used to define in which "
4777 "order the acquire system will try to download the compressed files. The "
4778 "acquire system will try the first and proceed with the next compression type "
4779 "in this list on error, so to prefer one over the other type simple add the "
4780 "preferred type at first - not already added default types will be added at "
4781 "run time to the end of the list, so e.g. <placeholder type=\"synopsis\" "
4782 "id=\"0\"/> can be used to prefer <command>gzip</command> compressed files "
4783 "over <command>bzip2</command> and <command>lzma</command>. If "
4784 "<command>lzma</command> should be preferred over <command>gzip</command> and "
4785 "<command>bzip2</command> the configure setting should look like this "
4786 "<placeholder type=\"synopsis\" id=\"1\"/> It is not needed to add "
4787 "<literal>bz2</literal> explicit to the list as it will be added automatic."
4790 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><literallayout>
4791 #: apt.conf.5.xml:363
4793 msgid "Dir::Bin::bzip2 \"/bin/bzip2\";"
4796 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4797 #: apt.conf.5.xml:361
4799 "Note that at run time the "
4800 "<literal>Dir::Bin::<replaceable>Methodname</replaceable></literal> will be "
4801 "checked: If this setting exists the method will only be used if this file "
4802 "exists, e.g. for the bzip2 method (the inbuilt) setting is <placeholder "
4803 "type=\"literallayout\" id=\"0\"/> Note also that list entries specified on "
4804 "the command line will be added at the end of the list specified in the "
4805 "configuration files, but before the default entries. To prefer a type in "
4806 "this case over the ones specified in in the configuration files you can set "
4807 "the option direct - not in list style. This will not override the defined "
4808 "list, it will only prefix the list with this type."
4811 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4812 #: apt.conf.5.xml:368
4814 "While it is possible to add an empty compression type to the order list, but "
4815 "APT in its current version doesn't understand it correctly and will display "
4816 "many warnings about not downloaded files - these warnings are most of the "
4817 "time false negatives. Future versions will maybe include a way to really "
4818 "prefer uncompressed files to support the usage of local mirrors."
4821 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4822 #: apt.conf.5.xml:202
4824 "The <literal>Acquire</literal> group of options controls the download of "
4825 "packages and the URI handlers. <placeholder type=\"variablelist\" "
4829 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
4830 #: apt.conf.5.xml:377
4834 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4835 #: apt.conf.5.xml:379
4837 "The <literal>Dir::State</literal> section has directories that pertain to "
4838 "local state information. <literal>lists</literal> is the directory to place "
4839 "downloaded package lists in and <literal>status</literal> is the name of the "
4840 "dpkg status file. <literal>preferences</literal> is the name of the APT "
4841 "preferences file. <literal>Dir::State</literal> contains the default "
4842 "directory to prefix on all sub items if they do not start with "
4843 "<filename>/</filename> or <filename>./</filename>."
4846 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4847 #: apt.conf.5.xml:386
4849 "<literal>Dir::Cache</literal> contains locations pertaining to local cache "
4850 "information, such as the two package caches <literal>srcpkgcache</literal> "
4851 "and <literal>pkgcache</literal> as well as the location to place downloaded "
4852 "archives, <literal>Dir::Cache::archives</literal>. Generation of caches can "
4853 "be turned off by setting their names to be blank. This will slow down "
4854 "startup but save disk space. It is probably preferred to turn off the "
4855 "pkgcache rather than the srcpkgcache. Like <literal>Dir::State</literal> the "
4856 "default directory is contained in <literal>Dir::Cache</literal>"
4859 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4860 #: apt.conf.5.xml:395
4862 "<literal>Dir::Etc</literal> contains the location of configuration files, "
4863 "<literal>sourcelist</literal> gives the location of the sourcelist and "
4864 "<literal>main</literal> is the default configuration file (setting has no "
4865 "effect, unless it is done from the config file specified by "
4866 "<envar>APT_CONFIG</envar>)."
4869 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4870 #: apt.conf.5.xml:401
4872 "The <literal>Dir::Parts</literal> setting reads in all the config fragments "
4873 "in lexical order from the directory specified. After this is done then the "
4874 "main config file is loaded."
4877 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4878 #: apt.conf.5.xml:405
4880 "Binary programs are pointed to by "
4881 "<literal>Dir::Bin</literal>. <literal>Dir::Bin::Methods</literal> specifies "
4882 "the location of the method handlers and <literal>gzip</literal>, "
4883 "<literal>bzip2</literal>, <literal>lzma</literal>, <literal>dpkg</literal>, "
4884 "<literal>apt-get</literal> <literal>dpkg-source</literal> "
4885 "<literal>dpkg-buildpackage</literal> and <literal>apt-cache</literal> "
4886 "specify the location of the respective programs."
4889 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4890 #: apt.conf.5.xml:413
4892 "The configuration item <literal>RootDir</literal> has a special meaning. If "
4893 "set, all paths in <literal>Dir::</literal> will be relative to "
4894 "<literal>RootDir</literal>, <emphasis>even paths that are specified "
4895 "absolutely</emphasis>. So, for instance, if <literal>RootDir</literal> is "
4896 "set to <filename>/tmp/staging</filename> and "
4897 "<literal>Dir::State::status</literal> is set to "
4898 "<filename>/var/lib/dpkg/status</filename>, then the status file will be "
4899 "looked up in <filename>/tmp/staging/var/lib/dpkg/status</filename>."
4902 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
4903 #: apt.conf.5.xml:426
4904 msgid "APT in DSelect"
4907 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4908 #: apt.conf.5.xml:428
4910 "When APT is used as a &dselect; method several configuration directives "
4911 "control the default behaviour. These are in the <literal>DSelect</literal> "
4915 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4916 #: apt.conf.5.xml:432
4920 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4921 #: apt.conf.5.xml:433
4923 "Cache Clean mode; this value may be one of always, prompt, auto, pre-auto "
4924 "and never. always and prompt will remove all packages from the cache after "
4925 "upgrading, prompt (the default) does so conditionally. auto removes only "
4926 "those packages which are no longer downloadable (replaced with a new version "
4927 "for instance). pre-auto performs this action before downloading new "
4931 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4932 #: apt.conf.5.xml:442
4934 "The contents of this variable is passed to &apt-get; as command line options "
4935 "when it is run for the install phase."
4938 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4939 #: apt.conf.5.xml:446
4940 msgid "Updateoptions"
4943 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4944 #: apt.conf.5.xml:447
4946 "The contents of this variable is passed to &apt-get; as command line options "
4947 "when it is run for the update phase."
4950 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4951 #: apt.conf.5.xml:451
4952 msgid "PromptAfterUpdate"
4955 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4956 #: apt.conf.5.xml:452
4958 "If true the [U]pdate operation in &dselect; will always prompt to continue. "
4959 "The default is to prompt only on error."
4962 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
4963 #: apt.conf.5.xml:458
4964 msgid "How APT calls dpkg"
4967 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4968 #: apt.conf.5.xml:459
4970 "Several configuration directives control how APT invokes &dpkg;. These are "
4971 "in the <literal>DPkg</literal> section."
4974 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4975 #: apt.conf.5.xml:464
4977 "This is a list of options to pass to dpkg. The options must be specified "
4978 "using the list notation and each list item is passed as a single argument to "
4982 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4983 #: apt.conf.5.xml:469
4987 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4988 #: apt.conf.5.xml:469
4992 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4993 #: apt.conf.5.xml:470
4995 "This is a list of shell commands to run before/after invoking &dpkg;. Like "
4996 "<literal>options</literal> this must be specified in list notation. The "
4997 "commands are invoked in order using <filename>/bin/sh</filename>, should any "
4998 "fail APT will abort."
5001 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5002 #: apt.conf.5.xml:476
5003 msgid "Pre-Install-Pkgs"
5006 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5007 #: apt.conf.5.xml:477
5009 "This is a list of shell commands to run before invoking dpkg. Like "
5010 "<literal>options</literal> this must be specified in list notation. The "
5011 "commands are invoked in order using <filename>/bin/sh</filename>, should any "
5012 "fail APT will abort. APT will pass to the commands on standard input the "
5013 "filenames of all .deb files it is going to install, one per line."
5016 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5017 #: apt.conf.5.xml:483
5019 "Version 2 of this protocol dumps more information, including the protocol "
5020 "version, the APT configuration space and the packages, files and versions "
5021 "being changed. Version 2 is enabled by setting "
5022 "<literal>DPkg::Tools::options::cmd::Version</literal> to "
5023 "2. <literal>cmd</literal> is a command given to "
5024 "<literal>Pre-Install-Pkgs</literal>."
5027 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5028 #: apt.conf.5.xml:490
5029 msgid "Run-Directory"
5032 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5033 #: apt.conf.5.xml:491
5035 "APT chdirs to this directory before invoking dpkg, the default is "
5036 "<filename>/</filename>."
5039 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5040 #: apt.conf.5.xml:495
5041 msgid "Build-options"
5044 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5045 #: apt.conf.5.xml:496
5047 "These options are passed to &dpkg-buildpackage; when compiling packages, the "
5048 "default is to disable signing and produce all binaries."
5051 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
5052 #: apt.conf.5.xml:501
5053 msgid "dpkg trigger usage (and related options)"
5056 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5057 #: apt.conf.5.xml:502
5059 "APT can call dpkg in a way so it can make aggressive use of triggers over "
5060 "multiply calls of dpkg. Without further options dpkg will use triggers only "
5061 "in between his own run. Activating these options can therefore decrease the "
5062 "time needed to perform the install / upgrade. Note that it is intended to "
5063 "activate these options per default in the future, but as it changes the way "
5064 "APT calling dpkg drastically it needs a lot more testing. <emphasis>These "
5065 "options are therefore currently experimental and should not be used in "
5066 "productive environments.</emphasis> Also it breaks the progress reporting so "
5067 "all frontends will currently stay around half (or more) of the time in the "
5068 "100% state while it actually configures all packages."
5071 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><literallayout>
5072 #: apt.conf.5.xml:517
5075 "DPkg::NoTriggers \"true\";\n"
5076 "PackageManager::Configure \"smart\";\n"
5077 "DPkg::ConfigurePending \"true\";\n"
5078 "DPkg::TriggersPending \"true\";"
5081 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5082 #: apt.conf.5.xml:511
5084 "Note that it is not guaranteed that APT will support these options or that "
5085 "these options will not cause (big) trouble in the future. If you have "
5086 "understand the current risks and problems with these options, but are brave "
5087 "enough to help testing them create a new configuration file and test a "
5088 "combination of options. Please report any bugs, problems and improvements "
5089 "you encounter and make sure to note which options you have used in your "
5090 "reports. Asking dpkg for help could also be useful for debugging proposes, "
5091 "see e.g. <command>dpkg --audit</command>. A defensive option combination "
5092 "would be <placeholder type=\"literallayout\" id=\"0\"/>"
5095 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5096 #: apt.conf.5.xml:523
5097 msgid "DPkg::NoTriggers"
5100 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5101 #: apt.conf.5.xml:524
5103 "Add the no triggers flag to all dpkg calls (expect the ConfigurePending "
5104 "call). See &dpkg; if you are interested in what this actually means. In "
5105 "short: dpkg will not run the triggers then this flag is present unless it is "
5106 "explicit called to do so in an extra call. Note that this option exists "
5107 "(undocumented) also in older apt versions with a slightly different meaning: "
5108 "Previously these option only append --no-triggers to the configure calls to "
5109 "dpkg - now apt will add these flag also to the unpack and remove calls."
5112 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5113 #: apt.conf.5.xml:531
5114 msgid "PackageManager::Configure"
5117 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5118 #: apt.conf.5.xml:532
5120 "Valid values are \"<literal>all</literal>\", \"<literal>smart</literal>\" "
5121 "and \"<literal>no</literal>\". \"<literal>all</literal>\" is the default "
5122 "value and causes APT to configure all packages explicit. The "
5123 "\"<literal>smart</literal>\" way is it to configure only packages which need "
5124 "to be configured before another package can be unpacked (Pre-Depends) and "
5125 "let the rest configure by dpkg with a call generated by the next "
5126 "option. \"<literal>no</literal>\" on the other hand will not configure "
5127 "anything and totally relay on dpkg for configuration (which will at the "
5128 "moment fail if a Pre-Depends is encountered). Setting this option to "
5129 "another than the all value will implicit activate also the next option per "
5130 "default as otherwise the system could end in an unconfigured status which "
5131 "could be unbootable!"
5134 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5135 #: apt.conf.5.xml:542
5136 msgid "DPkg::ConfigurePending"
5139 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5140 #: apt.conf.5.xml:543
5142 "If this option is set apt will call <command>dpkg --configure "
5143 "--pending</command> to let dpkg handle all required configurations and "
5144 "triggers. This option is activated automatic per default if the previous "
5145 "option is not set to <literal>all</literal>, but deactivating could be "
5146 "useful if you want to run APT multiple times in a row - e.g. in an "
5147 "installer. In this sceneries you could deactivate this option in all but the "
5151 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5152 #: apt.conf.5.xml:549
5153 msgid "DPkg::TriggersPending"
5156 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5157 #: apt.conf.5.xml:550
5159 "Useful for <literal>smart</literal> configuration as a package which has "
5160 "pending triggers is not considered as <literal>installed</literal> and dpkg "
5161 "treats them as <literal>unpacked</literal> currently which is a dealbreaker "
5162 "for Pre-Dependencies (see debbugs #526774). Note that this will process all "
5163 "triggers, not only the triggers needed to configure this package."
5166 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5167 #: apt.conf.5.xml:555
5168 msgid "PackageManager::UnpackAll"
5171 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5172 #: apt.conf.5.xml:556
5174 "As the configuration can be deferred to be done at the end by dpkg it can be "
5175 "tried to order the unpack series only by critical needs, e.g. by "
5176 "Pre-Depends. Default is true and therefore the \"old\" method of ordering in "
5177 "various steps by everything. While both method were present in earlier APT "
5178 "versions the <literal>OrderCritical</literal> method was unused, so this "
5179 "method is very experimental and needs further improvements before becoming "
5183 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5184 #: apt.conf.5.xml:563
5185 msgid "OrderList::Score::Immediate"
5188 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><literallayout>
5189 #: apt.conf.5.xml:571
5192 "OrderList::Score {\n"
5194 "\tEssential 200;\n"
5196 "\tPreDepends 50;\n"
5200 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5201 #: apt.conf.5.xml:564
5203 "Essential packages (and there dependencies) should be configured immediately "
5204 "after unpacking. It will be a good idea to do this quite early in the "
5205 "upgrade process as these these configure calls require currently also "
5206 "<literal>DPkg::TriggersPending</literal> which will run quite a few triggers "
5207 "(which maybe not needed). Essentials get per default a high score but the "
5208 "immediate flag is relatively low (a package which has a Pre-Depends is "
5209 "higher rated). These option and the others in the same group can be used to "
5210 "change the scoring. The following example shows the settings with there "
5211 "default values. <placeholder type=\"literallayout\" id=\"0\"/>"
5214 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
5215 #: apt.conf.5.xml:584
5216 msgid "Periodic and Archives options"
5219 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
5220 #: apt.conf.5.xml:585
5222 "<literal>APT::Periodic</literal> and <literal>APT::Archives</literal> groups "
5223 "of options configure behavior of apt periodic updates, which is done by "
5224 "<literal>/etc/cron.daily/apt</literal> script. See header of this script for "
5225 "the brief documentation of these options."
5228 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
5229 #: apt.conf.5.xml:593
5230 msgid "Debug options"
5233 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
5234 #: apt.conf.5.xml:595
5236 "Enabling options in the <literal>Debug::</literal> section will cause "
5237 "debugging information to be sent to the standard error stream of the program "
5238 "utilizing the <literal>apt</literal> libraries, or enable special program "
5239 "modes that are primarily useful for debugging the behavior of "
5240 "<literal>apt</literal>. Most of these options are not interesting to a "
5241 "normal user, but a few may be:"
5244 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
5245 #: apt.conf.5.xml:606
5247 "<literal>Debug::pkgProblemResolver</literal> enables output about the "
5248 "decisions made by <literal>dist-upgrade, upgrade, install, remove, "
5252 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
5253 #: apt.conf.5.xml:614
5255 "<literal>Debug::NoLocking</literal> disables all file locking. This can be "
5256 "used to run some operations (for instance, <literal>apt-get -s "
5257 "install</literal>) as a non-root user."
5260 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
5261 #: apt.conf.5.xml:623
5263 "<literal>Debug::pkgDPkgPM</literal> prints out the actual command line each "
5264 "time that <literal>apt</literal> invokes &dpkg;."
5268 #. motivating example, except I haven't a clue why you'd want
5270 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
5271 #: apt.conf.5.xml:631
5273 "<literal>Debug::IdentCdrom</literal> disables the inclusion of statfs data "
5277 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
5278 #: apt.conf.5.xml:641
5279 msgid "A full list of debugging options to apt follows."
5282 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5283 #: apt.conf.5.xml:646
5284 msgid "<literal>Debug::Acquire::cdrom</literal>"
5287 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5288 #: apt.conf.5.xml:650
5289 msgid "Print information related to accessing <literal>cdrom://</literal> sources."
5292 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5293 #: apt.conf.5.xml:657
5294 msgid "<literal>Debug::Acquire::ftp</literal>"
5297 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5298 #: apt.conf.5.xml:661
5299 msgid "Print information related to downloading packages using FTP."
5302 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5303 #: apt.conf.5.xml:668
5304 msgid "<literal>Debug::Acquire::http</literal>"
5307 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5308 #: apt.conf.5.xml:672
5309 msgid "Print information related to downloading packages using HTTP."
5312 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5313 #: apt.conf.5.xml:679
5314 msgid "<literal>Debug::Acquire::https</literal>"
5317 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5318 #: apt.conf.5.xml:683
5319 msgid "Print information related to downloading packages using HTTPS."
5322 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5323 #: apt.conf.5.xml:690
5324 msgid "<literal>Debug::Acquire::gpgv</literal>"
5327 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5328 #: apt.conf.5.xml:694
5330 "Print information related to verifying cryptographic signatures using "
5331 "<literal>gpg</literal>."
5334 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5335 #: apt.conf.5.xml:701
5336 msgid "<literal>Debug::aptcdrom</literal>"
5339 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5340 #: apt.conf.5.xml:705
5342 "Output information about the process of accessing collections of packages "
5343 "stored on CD-ROMs."
5346 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5347 #: apt.conf.5.xml:712
5348 msgid "<literal>Debug::BuildDeps</literal>"
5351 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5352 #: apt.conf.5.xml:715
5353 msgid "Describes the process of resolving build-dependencies in &apt-get;."
5356 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5357 #: apt.conf.5.xml:722
5358 msgid "<literal>Debug::Hashes</literal>"
5361 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5362 #: apt.conf.5.xml:725
5364 "Output each cryptographic hash that is generated by the "
5365 "<literal>apt</literal> libraries."
5368 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5369 #: apt.conf.5.xml:732
5370 msgid "<literal>Debug::IdentCDROM</literal>"
5373 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5374 #: apt.conf.5.xml:735
5376 "Do not include information from <literal>statfs</literal>, namely the number "
5377 "of used and free blocks on the CD-ROM filesystem, when generating an ID for "
5381 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5382 #: apt.conf.5.xml:743
5383 msgid "<literal>Debug::NoLocking</literal>"
5386 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5387 #: apt.conf.5.xml:746
5389 "Disable all file locking. For instance, this will allow two instances of "
5390 "<quote><literal>apt-get update</literal></quote> to run at the same time."
5393 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5394 #: apt.conf.5.xml:754
5395 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgAcquire</literal>"
5398 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5399 #: apt.conf.5.xml:758
5400 msgid "Log when items are added to or removed from the global download queue."
5403 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5404 #: apt.conf.5.xml:765
5405 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgAcquire::Auth</literal>"
5408 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5409 #: apt.conf.5.xml:768
5411 "Output status messages and errors related to verifying checksums and "
5412 "cryptographic signatures of downloaded files."
5415 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5416 #: apt.conf.5.xml:775
5417 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgAcquire::Diffs</literal>"
5420 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5421 #: apt.conf.5.xml:778
5423 "Output information about downloading and applying package index list diffs, "
5424 "and errors relating to package index list diffs."
5427 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5428 #: apt.conf.5.xml:786
5429 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgAcquire::RRed</literal>"
5432 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5433 #: apt.conf.5.xml:790
5435 "Output information related to patching apt package lists when downloading "
5436 "index diffs instead of full indices."
5439 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5440 #: apt.conf.5.xml:797
5441 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgAcquire::Worker</literal>"
5444 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5445 #: apt.conf.5.xml:801
5446 msgid "Log all interactions with the sub-processes that actually perform downloads."
5449 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5450 #: apt.conf.5.xml:808
5451 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgAutoRemove</literal>"
5454 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5455 #: apt.conf.5.xml:812
5457 "Log events related to the automatically-installed status of packages and to "
5458 "the removal of unused packages."
5461 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5462 #: apt.conf.5.xml:819
5463 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgDepCache::AutoInstall</literal>"
5466 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5467 #: apt.conf.5.xml:822
5469 "Generate debug messages describing which packages are being automatically "
5470 "installed to resolve dependencies. This corresponds to the initial "
5471 "auto-install pass performed in, e.g., <literal>apt-get install</literal>, "
5472 "and not to the full <literal>apt</literal> dependency resolver; see "
5473 "<literal>Debug::pkgProblemResolver</literal> for that."
5476 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5477 #: apt.conf.5.xml:833
5478 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgDepCache::Marker</literal>"
5481 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5482 #: apt.conf.5.xml:836
5484 "Generate debug messages describing which package is marked as "
5485 "keep/install/remove while the ProblemResolver does his work. Each addition "
5486 "or deletion may trigger additional actions; they are shown indented two "
5487 "additional space under the original entry. The format for each line is "
5488 "<literal>MarkKeep</literal>, <literal>MarkDelete</literal> or "
5489 "<literal>MarkInstall</literal> followed by <literal>package-name <a.b.c "
5490 "-> d.e.f | x.y.z> (section)</literal> where <literal>a.b.c</literal> "
5491 "is the current version of the package, <literal>d.e.f</literal> is the "
5492 "version considered for installation and <literal>x.y.z</literal> is a newer "
5493 "version, but not considered for installation (because of a low pin "
5494 "score). The later two can be omitted if there is none or if it is the same "
5495 "version as the installed. <literal>section</literal> is the name of the "
5496 "section the package appears in."
5499 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5500 #: apt.conf.5.xml:855
5501 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgInitConfig</literal>"
5504 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5505 #: apt.conf.5.xml:858
5506 msgid "Dump the default configuration to standard error on startup."
5509 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5510 #: apt.conf.5.xml:865
5511 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgDPkgPM</literal>"
5514 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5515 #: apt.conf.5.xml:868
5517 "When invoking &dpkg;, output the precise command line with which it is being "
5518 "invoked, with arguments separated by a single space character."
5521 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5522 #: apt.conf.5.xml:876
5523 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgDPkgProgressReporting</literal>"
5526 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5527 #: apt.conf.5.xml:879
5529 "Output all the data received from &dpkg; on the status file descriptor and "
5530 "any errors encountered while parsing it."
5533 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5534 #: apt.conf.5.xml:886
5535 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgOrderList</literal>"
5538 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5539 #: apt.conf.5.xml:890
5541 "Generate a trace of the algorithm that decides the order in which "
5542 "<literal>apt</literal> should pass packages to &dpkg;."
5545 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5546 #: apt.conf.5.xml:898
5547 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgPackageManager</literal>"
5550 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5551 #: apt.conf.5.xml:902
5552 msgid "Output status messages tracing the steps performed when invoking &dpkg;."
5555 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5556 #: apt.conf.5.xml:909
5557 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgPolicy</literal>"
5560 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5561 #: apt.conf.5.xml:913
5562 msgid "Output the priority of each package list on startup."
5565 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5566 #: apt.conf.5.xml:919
5567 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgProblemResolver</literal>"
5570 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5571 #: apt.conf.5.xml:923
5573 "Trace the execution of the dependency resolver (this applies only to what "
5574 "happens when a complex dependency problem is encountered)."
5577 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5578 #: apt.conf.5.xml:931
5579 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgProblemResolver::ShowScores</literal>"
5582 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5583 #: apt.conf.5.xml:934
5585 "Display a list of all installed packages with their calculated score used by "
5586 "the pkgProblemResolver. The description of the package is the same as "
5587 "described in <literal>Debug::pkgDepCache::Marker</literal>"
5590 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5591 #: apt.conf.5.xml:942
5592 msgid "<literal>Debug::sourceList</literal>"
5595 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5596 #: apt.conf.5.xml:946
5598 "Print information about the vendors read from "
5599 "<filename>/etc/apt/vendors.list</filename>."
5602 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
5603 #: apt.conf.5.xml:968
5605 "&configureindex; is a configuration file showing example values for all "
5609 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist>
5610 #: apt.conf.5.xml:975
5611 msgid "&file-aptconf;"
5614 #. ? reading apt.conf
5615 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
5616 #: apt.conf.5.xml:980
5617 msgid "&apt-cache;, &apt-config;, &apt-preferences;."
5620 #. The last update date
5621 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refentryinfo>
5622 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:13
5623 msgid "&apt-author.team; &apt-email; &apt-product; <date>04 May 2009</date>"
5626 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
5627 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:21 apt_preferences.5.xml:28
5628 msgid "apt_preferences"
5631 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
5632 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:29
5633 msgid "Preference control file for APT"
5636 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
5637 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:34
5639 "The APT preferences file <filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename> and the "
5640 "fragment files in the <filename>/etc/apt/preferences.d/</filename> folder "
5641 "can be used to control which versions of packages will be selected for "
5645 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
5646 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:39
5648 "Several versions of a package may be available for installation when the "
5649 "&sources-list; file contains references to more than one distribution (for "
5650 "example, <literal>stable</literal> and <literal>testing</literal>). APT "
5651 "assigns a priority to each version that is available. Subject to dependency "
5652 "constraints, <command>apt-get</command> selects the version with the highest "
5653 "priority for installation. The APT preferences file overrides the "
5654 "priorities that APT assigns to package versions by default, thus giving the "
5655 "user control over which one is selected for installation."
5658 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
5659 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:49
5661 "Several instances of the same version of a package may be available when the "
5662 "&sources-list; file contains references to more than one source. In this "
5663 "case <command>apt-get</command> downloads the instance listed earliest in "
5664 "the &sources-list; file. The APT preferences file does not affect the "
5665 "choice of instance, only the choice of version."
5668 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
5669 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:56
5670 msgid "APT's Default Priority Assignments"
5673 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting>
5674 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:71
5677 "<command>apt-get install -t testing "
5678 "<replaceable>some-package</replaceable></command>\n"
5681 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting>
5682 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:74
5684 msgid "APT::Default-Release \"stable\";\n"
5687 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5688 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:58
5690 "If there is no preferences file or if there is no entry in the file that "
5691 "applies to a particular version then the priority assigned to that version "
5692 "is the priority of the distribution to which that version belongs. It is "
5693 "possible to single out a distribution, \"the target release\", which "
5694 "receives a higher priority than other distributions do by default. The "
5695 "target release can be set on the <command>apt-get</command> command line or "
5696 "in the APT configuration file <filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf</filename>. Note "
5697 "that this has precedence over any general priority you set in the "
5698 "<filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename> file described later, but not over "
5699 "specifically pinned packages. For example, <placeholder "
5700 "type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/> <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" "
5704 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5705 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:83
5706 msgid "priority 100"
5709 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
5710 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:84
5711 msgid "to the version that is already installed (if any)."
5714 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5715 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:88
5716 msgid "priority 500"
5719 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
5720 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:89
5722 "to the versions that are not installed and do not belong to the target "
5726 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5727 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:93
5728 msgid "priority 990"
5731 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
5732 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:94
5733 msgid "to the versions that are not installed and belong to the target release."
5736 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5737 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:78
5739 "If the target release has been specified then APT uses the following "
5740 "algorithm to set the priorities of the versions of a package. Assign: "
5741 "<placeholder type=\"variablelist\" id=\"0\"/>"
5744 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5745 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:99
5747 "If the target release has not been specified then APT simply assigns "
5748 "priority 100 to all installed package versions and priority 500 to all "
5749 "uninstalled package versions."
5752 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5753 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:103
5755 "APT then applies the following rules, listed in order of precedence, to "
5756 "determine which version of a package to install."
5759 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
5760 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:106
5762 "Never downgrade unless the priority of an available version exceeds 1000. "
5763 "(\"Downgrading\" is installing a less recent version of a package in place "
5764 "of a more recent version. Note that none of APT's default priorities "
5765 "exceeds 1000; such high priorities can only be set in the preferences file. "
5766 "Note also that downgrading a package can be risky.)"
5769 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
5770 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:112
5771 msgid "Install the highest priority version."
5774 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
5775 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:113
5777 "If two or more versions have the same priority, install the most recent one "
5778 "(that is, the one with the higher version number)."
5781 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
5782 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:116
5784 "If two or more versions have the same priority and version number but either "
5785 "the packages differ in some of their metadata or the "
5786 "<literal>--reinstall</literal> option is given, install the uninstalled one."
5789 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5790 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:122
5792 "In a typical situation, the installed version of a package (priority 100) "
5793 "is not as recent as one of the versions available from the sources listed in "
5794 "the &sources-list; file (priority 500 or 990). Then the package will be "
5795 "upgraded when <command>apt-get install "
5796 "<replaceable>some-package</replaceable></command> or <command>apt-get "
5797 "upgrade</command> is executed."
5800 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5801 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:129
5803 "More rarely, the installed version of a package is <emphasis>more</emphasis> "
5804 "recent than any of the other available versions. The package will not be "
5805 "downgraded when <command>apt-get install "
5806 "<replaceable>some-package</replaceable></command> or <command>apt-get "
5807 "upgrade</command> is executed."
5810 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5811 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:134
5813 "Sometimes the installed version of a package is more recent than the version "
5814 "belonging to the target release, but not as recent as a version belonging to "
5815 "some other distribution. Such a package will indeed be upgraded when "
5816 "<command>apt-get install <replaceable>some-package</replaceable></command> "
5817 "or <command>apt-get upgrade</command> is executed, because at least "
5818 "<emphasis>one</emphasis> of the available versions has a higher priority "
5819 "than the installed version."
5822 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
5823 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:143
5824 msgid "The Effect of APT Preferences"
5827 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5828 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:145
5830 "The APT preferences file allows the system administrator to control the "
5831 "assignment of priorities. The file consists of one or more multi-line "
5832 "records separated by blank lines. Records can have one of two forms, a "
5833 "specific form and a general form."
5836 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
5837 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:151
5839 "The specific form assigns a priority (a \"Pin-Priority\") to one or more "
5840 "specified packages and specified version or version range. For example, the "
5841 "following record assigns a high priority to all versions of the "
5842 "<filename>perl</filename> package whose version number begins with "
5843 "\"<literal>5.8</literal>\". Multiple packages can be separated by spaces."
5846 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><programlisting>
5847 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:158
5851 "Pin: version 5.8*\n"
5852 "Pin-Priority: 1001\n"
5855 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
5856 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:164
5858 "The general form assigns a priority to all of the package versions in a "
5859 "given distribution (that is, to all the versions of packages that are listed "
5860 "in a certain <filename>Release</filename> file) or to all of the package "
5861 "versions coming from a particular Internet site, as identified by the site's "
5862 "fully qualified domain name."
5865 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
5866 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:170
5868 "This general-form entry in the APT preferences file applies only to groups "
5869 "of packages. For example, the following record assigns a high priority to "
5870 "all package versions available from the local site."
5873 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><programlisting>
5874 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:175
5878 "Pin: origin \"\"\n"
5879 "Pin-Priority: 999\n"
5882 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
5883 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:180
5885 "A note of caution: the keyword used here is \"<literal>origin</literal>\". "
5886 "This should not be confused with the Origin of a distribution as specified "
5887 "in a <filename>Release</filename> file. What follows the \"Origin:\" tag in "
5888 "a <filename>Release</filename> file is not an Internet address but an author "
5889 "or vendor name, such as \"Debian\" or \"Ximian\"."
5892 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
5893 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:186
5895 "The following record assigns a low priority to all package versions "
5896 "belonging to any distribution whose Archive name is "
5897 "\"<literal>unstable</literal>\"."
5900 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><programlisting>
5901 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:190
5905 "Pin: release a=unstable\n"
5906 "Pin-Priority: 50\n"
5909 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
5910 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:195
5912 "The following record assigns a high priority to all package versions "
5913 "belonging to any distribution whose Codename is "
5914 "\"<literal>squeeze</literal>\"."
5917 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><programlisting>
5918 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:199
5922 "Pin: release n=squeeze\n"
5923 "Pin-Priority: 900\n"
5926 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
5927 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:204
5929 "The following record assigns a high priority to all package versions "
5930 "belonging to any release whose Archive name is \"<literal>stable</literal>\" "
5931 "and whose release Version number is \"<literal>3.0</literal>\"."
5934 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><programlisting>
5935 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:209
5939 "Pin: release a=stable, v=3.0\n"
5940 "Pin-Priority: 500\n"
5943 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
5944 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:220
5945 msgid "How APT Interprets Priorities"
5948 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5949 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:228
5953 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
5954 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:229
5956 "causes a version to be installed even if this constitutes a downgrade of the "
5960 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5961 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:233
5962 msgid "990 < P <=1000"
5965 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
5966 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:234
5968 "causes a version to be installed even if it does not come from the target "
5969 "release, unless the installed version is more recent"
5972 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5973 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:239
5974 msgid "500 < P <=990"
5977 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
5978 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:240
5980 "causes a version to be installed unless there is a version available "
5981 "belonging to the target release or the installed version is more recent"
5984 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5985 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:245
5986 msgid "100 < P <=500"
5989 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
5990 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:246
5992 "causes a version to be installed unless there is a version available "
5993 "belonging to some other distribution or the installed version is more recent"
5996 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5997 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:251
5998 msgid "0 < P <=100"
6001 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
6002 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:252
6004 "causes a version to be installed only if there is no installed version of "
6008 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
6009 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:256
6013 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
6014 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:257
6015 msgid "prevents the version from being installed"
6018 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6019 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:223
6021 "Priorities (P) assigned in the APT preferences file must be positive or "
6022 "negative integers. They are interpreted as follows (roughly speaking): "
6023 "<placeholder type=\"variablelist\" id=\"0\"/>"
6026 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6027 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:262
6029 "If any specific-form records match an available package version then the "
6030 "first such record determines the priority of the package version. Failing "
6031 "that, if any general-form records match an available package version then "
6032 "the first such record determines the priority of the package version."
6035 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6036 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:268
6038 "For example, suppose the APT preferences file contains the three records "
6039 "presented earlier:"
6042 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><programlisting>
6043 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:272
6047 "Pin: version 5.8*\n"
6048 "Pin-Priority: 1001\n"
6051 "Pin: origin \"\"\n"
6052 "Pin-Priority: 999\n"
6055 "Pin: release unstable\n"
6056 "Pin-Priority: 50\n"
6059 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6060 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:285
6064 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
6065 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:287
6067 "The most recent available version of the <literal>perl</literal> package "
6068 "will be installed, so long as that version's version number begins with "
6069 "\"<literal>5.8</literal>\". If <emphasis>any</emphasis> 5.8* version of "
6070 "<literal>perl</literal> is available and the installed version is 5.9*, then "
6071 "<literal>perl</literal> will be downgraded."
6074 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
6075 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:292
6077 "A version of any package other than <literal>perl</literal> that is "
6078 "available from the local system has priority over other versions, even "
6079 "versions belonging to the target release."
6082 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
6083 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:296
6085 "A version of a package whose origin is not the local system but some other "
6086 "site listed in &sources-list; and which belongs to an "
6087 "<literal>unstable</literal> distribution is only installed if it is selected "
6088 "for installation and no version of the package is already installed."
6091 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
6092 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:306
6093 msgid "Determination of Package Version and Distribution Properties"
6096 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6097 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:308
6099 "The locations listed in the &sources-list; file should provide "
6100 "<filename>Packages</filename> and <filename>Release</filename> files to "
6101 "describe the packages available at that location."
6104 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
6105 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:320
6106 msgid "the <literal>Package:</literal> line"
6109 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
6110 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:321
6111 msgid "gives the package name"
6114 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
6115 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:324 apt_preferences.5.xml:374
6116 msgid "the <literal>Version:</literal> line"
6119 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
6120 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:325
6121 msgid "gives the version number for the named package"
6124 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6125 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:312
6127 "The <filename>Packages</filename> file is normally found in the directory "
6128 "<filename>.../dists/<replaceable>dist-name</replaceable>/<replaceable>component</replaceable>/<replaceable>arch</replaceable></filename>: "
6130 "<filename>.../dists/stable/main/binary-i386/Packages</filename>. It "
6131 "consists of a series of multi-line records, one for each package available "
6132 "in that directory. Only two lines in each record are relevant for setting "
6133 "APT priorities: <placeholder type=\"variablelist\" id=\"0\"/>"
6136 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
6137 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:341
6138 msgid "the <literal>Archive:</literal> or <literal>Suite:</literal> line"
6141 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
6142 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:342
6144 "names the archive to which all the packages in the directory tree belong. "
6145 "For example, the line \"Archive: stable\" or \"Suite: stable\" specifies "
6146 "that all of the packages in the directory tree below the parent of the "
6147 "<filename>Release</filename> file are in a <literal>stable</literal> "
6148 "archive. Specifying this value in the APT preferences file would require "
6152 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><programlisting>
6153 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:352
6155 msgid "Pin: release a=stable\n"
6158 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
6159 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:358
6160 msgid "the <literal>Codename:</literal> line"
6163 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
6164 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:359
6166 "names the codename to which all the packages in the directory tree belong. "
6167 "For example, the line \"Codename: squeeze\" specifies that all of the "
6168 "packages in the directory tree below the parent of the "
6169 "<filename>Release</filename> file belong to a version named "
6170 "<literal>squeeze</literal>. Specifying this value in the APT preferences "
6171 "file would require the line:"
6174 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><programlisting>
6175 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:368
6177 msgid "Pin: release n=squeeze\n"
6180 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
6181 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:375
6183 "names the release version. For example, the packages in the tree might "
6184 "belong to Debian GNU/Linux release version 3.0. Note that there is normally "
6185 "no version number for the <literal>testing</literal> and "
6186 "<literal>unstable</literal> distributions because they have not been "
6187 "released yet. Specifying this in the APT preferences file would require one "
6188 "of the following lines."
6191 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><programlisting>
6192 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:384
6195 "Pin: release v=3.0\n"
6196 "Pin: release a=stable, v=3.0\n"
6197 "Pin: release 3.0\n"
6200 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
6201 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:393
6202 msgid "the <literal>Component:</literal> line"
6205 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
6206 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:394
6208 "names the licensing component associated with the packages in the directory "
6209 "tree of the <filename>Release</filename> file. For example, the line "
6210 "\"Component: main\" specifies that all the packages in the directory tree "
6211 "are from the <literal>main</literal> component, which entails that they are "
6212 "licensed under terms listed in the Debian Free Software Guidelines. "
6213 "Specifying this component in the APT preferences file would require the "
6217 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><programlisting>
6218 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:403
6220 msgid "Pin: release c=main\n"
6223 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
6224 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:409
6225 msgid "the <literal>Origin:</literal> line"
6228 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
6229 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:410
6231 "names the originator of the packages in the directory tree of the "
6232 "<filename>Release</filename> file. Most commonly, this is "
6233 "<literal>Debian</literal>. Specifying this origin in the APT preferences "
6234 "file would require the line:"
6237 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><programlisting>
6238 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:416
6240 msgid "Pin: release o=Debian\n"
6243 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
6244 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:422
6245 msgid "the <literal>Label:</literal> line"
6248 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
6249 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:423
6251 "names the label of the packages in the directory tree of the "
6252 "<filename>Release</filename> file. Most commonly, this is "
6253 "<literal>Debian</literal>. Specifying this label in the APT preferences "
6254 "file would require the line:"
6257 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><programlisting>
6258 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:429
6260 msgid "Pin: release l=Debian\n"
6263 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6264 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:330
6266 "The <filename>Release</filename> file is normally found in the directory "
6267 "<filename>.../dists/<replaceable>dist-name</replaceable></filename>: for "
6268 "example, <filename>.../dists/stable/Release</filename>, or "
6269 "<filename>.../dists/woody/Release</filename>. It consists of a single "
6270 "multi-line record which applies to <emphasis>all</emphasis> of the packages "
6271 "in the directory tree below its parent. Unlike the "
6272 "<filename>Packages</filename> file, nearly all of the lines in a "
6273 "<filename>Release</filename> file are relevant for setting APT priorities: "
6274 "<placeholder type=\"variablelist\" id=\"0\"/>"
6277 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6278 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:436
6280 "All of the <filename>Packages</filename> and <filename>Release</filename> "
6281 "files retrieved from locations listed in the &sources-list; file are stored "
6282 "in the directory <filename>/var/lib/apt/lists</filename>, or in the file "
6283 "named by the variable <literal>Dir::State::Lists</literal> in the "
6284 "<filename>apt.conf</filename> file. For example, the file "
6285 "<filename>debian.lcs.mit.edu_debian_dists_unstable_contrib_binary-i386_Release</filename> "
6286 "contains the <filename>Release</filename> file retrieved from the site "
6287 "<literal>debian.lcs.mit.edu</literal> for <literal>binary-i386</literal> "
6288 "architecture files from the <literal>contrib</literal> component of the "
6289 "<literal>unstable</literal> distribution."
6292 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
6293 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:449
6294 msgid "Optional Lines in an APT Preferences Record"
6297 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6298 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:451
6300 "Each record in the APT preferences file can optionally begin with one or "
6301 "more lines beginning with the word <literal>Explanation:</literal>. This "
6302 "provides a place for comments."
6305 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6306 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:455
6308 "The <literal>Pin-Priority:</literal> line in each APT preferences record is "
6309 "optional. If omitted, APT assigns a priority of 1 less than the last value "
6310 "specified on a line beginning with <literal>Pin-Priority: release "
6314 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
6315 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:464
6316 msgid "Tracking Stable"
6319 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting>
6320 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:472
6323 "Explanation: Uninstall or do not install any Debian-originated\n"
6324 "Explanation: package versions other than those in the stable distro\n"
6326 "Pin: release a=stable\n"
6327 "Pin-Priority: 900\n"
6330 "Pin: release o=Debian\n"
6331 "Pin-Priority: -10\n"
6334 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6335 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:466
6337 "The following APT preferences file will cause APT to assign a priority "
6338 "higher than the default (500) to all package versions belonging to a "
6339 "<literal>stable</literal> distribution and a prohibitively low priority to "
6340 "package versions belonging to other <literal>Debian</literal> "
6341 "distributions. <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>"
6344 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting>
6345 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:489 apt_preferences.5.xml:535 apt_preferences.5.xml:593
6348 "apt-get install <replaceable>package-name</replaceable>\n"
6350 "apt-get dist-upgrade\n"
6353 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6354 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:484
6356 "With a suitable &sources-list; file and the above preferences file, any of "
6357 "the following commands will cause APT to upgrade to the latest "
6358 "<literal>stable</literal> version(s). <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" "
6362 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting>
6363 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:501
6365 msgid "apt-get install <replaceable>package</replaceable>/testing\n"
6368 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6369 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:495
6371 "The following command will cause APT to upgrade the specified package to the "
6372 "latest version from the <literal>testing</literal> distribution; the package "
6373 "will not be upgraded again unless this command is given again. <placeholder "
6374 "type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>"
6377 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
6378 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:507
6379 msgid "Tracking Testing or Unstable"
6382 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting>
6383 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:516
6387 "Pin: release a=testing\n"
6388 "Pin-Priority: 900\n"
6391 "Pin: release a=unstable\n"
6392 "Pin-Priority: 800\n"
6395 "Pin: release o=Debian\n"
6396 "Pin-Priority: -10\n"
6399 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6400 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:509
6402 "The following APT preferences file will cause APT to assign a high priority "
6403 "to package versions from the <literal>testing</literal> distribution, a "
6404 "lower priority to package versions from the <literal>unstable</literal> "
6405 "distribution, and a prohibitively low priority to package versions from "
6406 "other <literal>Debian</literal> distributions. <placeholder "
6407 "type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>"
6410 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6411 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:530
6413 "With a suitable &sources-list; file and the above preferences file, any of "
6414 "the following commands will cause APT to upgrade to the latest "
6415 "<literal>testing</literal> version(s). <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" "
6419 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting>
6420 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:550
6422 msgid "apt-get install <replaceable>package</replaceable>/unstable\n"
6425 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6426 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:541
6428 "The following command will cause APT to upgrade the specified package to the "
6429 "latest version from the <literal>unstable</literal> distribution. "
6430 "Thereafter, <command>apt-get upgrade</command> will upgrade the package to "
6431 "the most recent <literal>testing</literal> version if that is more recent "
6432 "than the installed version, otherwise, to the most recent "
6433 "<literal>unstable</literal> version if that is more recent than the "
6434 "installed version. <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>"
6437 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
6438 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:557
6439 msgid "Tracking the evolution of a codename release"
6442 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting>
6443 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:571
6446 "Explanation: Uninstall or do not install any Debian-originated package "
6448 "Explanation: other than those in the distribution codenamed with squeeze or "
6451 "Pin: release n=squeeze\n"
6452 "Pin-Priority: 900\n"
6454 "Explanation: Debian unstable is always codenamed with sid\n"
6456 "Pin: release a=sid\n"
6457 "Pin-Priority: 800\n"
6460 "Pin: release o=Debian\n"
6461 "Pin-Priority: -10\n"
6464 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6465 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:559
6467 "The following APT preferences file will cause APT to assign a priority "
6468 "higher than the default (500) to all package versions belonging to a "
6469 "specified codename of a distribution and a prohibitively low priority to "
6470 "package versions belonging to other <literal>Debian</literal> distributions, "
6471 "codenames and archives. Note that with this APT preference APT will follow "
6472 "the migration of a release from the archive <literal>testing</literal> to "
6473 "<literal>stable</literal> and later <literal>oldstable</literal>. If you "
6474 "want to follow for example the progress in <literal>testing</literal> "
6475 "notwithstanding the codename changes you should use the example "
6476 "configurations above. <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>"
6479 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6480 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:588
6482 "With a suitable &sources-list; file and the above preferences file, any of "
6483 "the following commands will cause APT to upgrade to the latest version(s) in "
6484 "the release codenamed with <literal>squeeze</literal>. <placeholder "
6485 "type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>"
6488 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting>
6489 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:608
6491 msgid "apt-get install <replaceable>package</replaceable>/sid\n"
6494 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6495 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:599
6497 "The following command will cause APT to upgrade the specified package to the "
6498 "latest version from the <literal>sid</literal> distribution. Thereafter, "
6499 "<command>apt-get upgrade</command> will upgrade the package to the most "
6500 "recent <literal>squeeze</literal> version if that is more recent than the "
6501 "installed version, otherwise, to the most recent <literal>sid</literal> "
6502 "version if that is more recent than the installed version. <placeholder "
6503 "type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>"
6506 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist>
6507 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:617
6508 msgid "&file-preferences;"
6511 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6512 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:623
6513 msgid "&apt-get; &apt-cache; &apt-conf; &sources-list;"
6516 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
6517 #: sources.list.5.xml:22 sources.list.5.xml:29
6518 msgid "sources.list"
6521 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
6522 #: sources.list.5.xml:30
6523 msgid "Package resource list for APT"
6526 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6527 #: sources.list.5.xml:34
6529 "The package resource list is used to locate archives of the package "
6530 "distribution system in use on the system. At this time, this manual page "
6531 "documents only the packaging system used by the Debian GNU/Linux system. "
6532 "This control file is located in <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename>"
6535 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6536 #: sources.list.5.xml:39
6538 "The source list is designed to support any number of active sources and a "
6539 "variety of source media. The file lists one source per line, with the most "
6540 "preferred source listed first. The format of each line is: <literal>type uri "
6541 "args</literal> The first item, <literal>type</literal> determines the format "
6542 "for <literal>args</literal> <literal>uri</literal> is a Universal Resource "
6543 "Identifier (URI), which is a superset of the more specific and well-known "
6544 "Universal Resource Locator, or URL. The rest of the line can be marked as a "
6545 "comment by using a #."
6548 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
6549 #: sources.list.5.xml:50
6550 msgid "sources.list.d"
6553 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6554 #: sources.list.5.xml:51
6556 "The <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list.d</filename> directory provides a way to "
6557 "add sources.list entries in separate files. The format is the same as for "
6558 "the regular <filename>sources.list</filename> file. File names need to end "
6559 "with <filename>.list</filename> and may only contain letters (a-z and A-Z), "
6560 "digits (0-9), underscore (_), hyphen (-) and period (.) characters. "
6561 "Otherwise they will be silently ignored."
6564 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
6565 #: sources.list.5.xml:60
6566 msgid "The deb and deb-src types"
6569 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6570 #: sources.list.5.xml:61
6572 "The <literal>deb</literal> type describes a typical two-level Debian "
6573 "archive, <filename>distribution/component</filename>. Typically, "
6574 "<literal>distribution</literal> is generally one of "
6575 "<literal>stable</literal> <literal>unstable</literal> or "
6576 "<literal>testing</literal> while component is one of <literal>main</literal> "
6577 "<literal>contrib</literal> <literal>non-free</literal> or "
6578 "<literal>non-us</literal> The <literal>deb-src</literal> type describes a "
6579 "debian distribution's source code in the same form as the "
6580 "<literal>deb</literal> type. A <literal>deb-src</literal> line is required "
6581 "to fetch source indexes."
6584 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6585 #: sources.list.5.xml:73
6587 "The format for a <filename>sources.list</filename> entry using the "
6588 "<literal>deb</literal> and <literal>deb-src</literal> types are:"
6591 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout>
6592 #: sources.list.5.xml:76
6594 msgid "deb uri distribution [component1] [component2] [...]"
6597 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6598 #: sources.list.5.xml:78
6600 "The URI for the <literal>deb</literal> type must specify the base of the "
6601 "Debian distribution, from which APT will find the information it needs. "
6602 "<literal>distribution</literal> can specify an exact path, in which case the "
6603 "components must be omitted and <literal>distribution</literal> must end with "
6604 "a slash (/). This is useful for when only a particular sub-section of the "
6605 "archive denoted by the URI is of interest. If "
6606 "<literal>distribution</literal> does not specify an exact path, at least one "
6607 "<literal>component</literal> must be present."
6610 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6611 #: sources.list.5.xml:87
6613 "<literal>distribution</literal> may also contain a variable, "
6614 "<literal>$(ARCH)</literal> which expands to the Debian architecture (i386, "
6615 "m68k, powerpc, ...) used on the system. This permits "
6616 "architecture-independent <filename>sources.list</filename> files to be "
6617 "used. In general this is only of interest when specifying an exact path, "
6618 "<literal>APT</literal> will automatically generate a URI with the current "
6619 "architecture otherwise."
6622 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6623 #: sources.list.5.xml:95
6625 "Since only one distribution can be specified per line it may be necessary to "
6626 "have multiple lines for the same URI, if a subset of all available "
6627 "distributions or components at that location is desired. APT will sort the "
6628 "URI list after it has generated a complete set internally, and will collapse "
6629 "multiple references to the same Internet host, for instance, into a single "
6630 "connection, so that it does not inefficiently establish an FTP connection, "
6631 "close it, do something else, and then re-establish a connection to that same "
6632 "host. This feature is useful for accessing busy FTP sites with limits on the "
6633 "number of simultaneous anonymous users. APT also parallelizes connections to "
6634 "different hosts to more effectively deal with sites with low bandwidth."
6637 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6638 #: sources.list.5.xml:107
6640 "It is important to list sources in order of preference, with the most "
6641 "preferred source listed first. Typically this will result in sorting by "
6642 "speed from fastest to slowest (CD-ROM followed by hosts on a local network, "
6643 "followed by distant Internet hosts, for example)."
6646 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6647 #: sources.list.5.xml:112
6648 msgid "Some examples:"
6651 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout>
6652 #: sources.list.5.xml:114
6655 "deb http://http.us.debian.org/debian stable main contrib non-free\n"
6656 "deb http://http.us.debian.org/debian dists/stable-updates/\n"
6660 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
6661 #: sources.list.5.xml:120
6662 msgid "URI specification"
6665 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
6666 #: sources.list.5.xml:125
6670 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
6671 #: sources.list.5.xml:127
6673 "The file scheme allows an arbitrary directory in the file system to be "
6674 "considered an archive. This is useful for NFS mounts and local mirrors or "
6678 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
6679 #: sources.list.5.xml:134
6681 "The cdrom scheme allows APT to use a local CDROM drive with media "
6682 "swapping. Use the &apt-cdrom; program to create cdrom entries in the source "
6686 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
6687 #: sources.list.5.xml:141
6689 "The http scheme specifies an HTTP server for the archive. If an environment "
6690 "variable <envar>http_proxy</envar> is set with the format "
6691 "http://server:port/, the proxy server specified in <envar>http_proxy</envar> "
6692 "will be used. Users of authenticated HTTP/1.1 proxies may use a string of "
6693 "the format http://user:pass@server:port/ Note that this is an insecure "
6694 "method of authentication."
6697 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
6698 #: sources.list.5.xml:152
6700 "The ftp scheme specifies an FTP server for the archive. APT's FTP behavior "
6701 "is highly configurable; for more information see the &apt-conf; manual "
6702 "page. Please note that a ftp proxy can be specified by using the "
6703 "<envar>ftp_proxy</envar> environment variable. It is possible to specify a "
6704 "http proxy (http proxy servers often understand ftp urls) using this method "
6705 "and ONLY this method. ftp proxies using http specified in the configuration "
6706 "file will be ignored."
6709 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
6710 #: sources.list.5.xml:161
6714 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
6715 #: sources.list.5.xml:163
6717 "The copy scheme is identical to the file scheme except that packages are "
6718 "copied into the cache directory instead of used directly at their location. "
6719 "This is useful for people using a zip disk to copy files around with APT."
6722 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
6723 #: sources.list.5.xml:168
6727 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
6728 #: sources.list.5.xml:168
6732 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
6733 #: sources.list.5.xml:170
6735 "The rsh/ssh method invokes rsh/ssh to connect to a remote host as a given "
6736 "user and access the files. It is a good idea to do prior arrangements with "
6737 "RSA keys or rhosts. Access to files on the remote uses standard "
6738 "<command>find</command> and <command>dd</command> commands to perform the "
6739 "file transfers from the remote."
6742 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6743 #: sources.list.5.xml:122
6745 "The currently recognized URI types are cdrom, file, http, ftp, copy, ssh, "
6746 "rsh. <placeholder type=\"variablelist\" id=\"0\"/>"
6749 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6750 #: sources.list.5.xml:182
6752 "Uses the archive stored locally (or NFS mounted) at /home/jason/debian for "
6753 "stable/main, stable/contrib, and stable/non-free."
6756 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout>
6757 #: sources.list.5.xml:184
6759 msgid "deb file:/home/jason/debian stable main contrib non-free"
6762 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6763 #: sources.list.5.xml:186
6764 msgid "As above, except this uses the unstable (development) distribution."
6767 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout>
6768 #: sources.list.5.xml:187
6770 msgid "deb file:/home/jason/debian unstable main contrib non-free"
6773 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6774 #: sources.list.5.xml:189
6775 msgid "Source line for the above"
6778 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout>
6779 #: sources.list.5.xml:190
6781 msgid "deb-src file:/home/jason/debian unstable main contrib non-free"
6784 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6785 #: sources.list.5.xml:192
6787 "Uses HTTP to access the archive at archive.debian.org, and uses only the "
6791 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout>
6792 #: sources.list.5.xml:194
6794 msgid "deb http://archive.debian.org/debian-archive hamm main"
6797 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6798 #: sources.list.5.xml:196
6800 "Uses FTP to access the archive at ftp.debian.org, under the debian "
6801 "directory, and uses only the stable/contrib area."
6804 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout>
6805 #: sources.list.5.xml:198
6807 msgid "deb ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian stable contrib"
6810 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6811 #: sources.list.5.xml:200
6813 "Uses FTP to access the archive at ftp.debian.org, under the debian "
6814 "directory, and uses only the unstable/contrib area. If this line appears as "
6815 "well as the one in the previous example in "
6816 "<filename>sources.list</filename>. a single FTP session will be used for "
6817 "both resource lines."
6820 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout>
6821 #: sources.list.5.xml:204
6823 msgid "deb ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian unstable contrib"
6826 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6827 #: sources.list.5.xml:206
6829 "Uses HTTP to access the archive at nonus.debian.org, under the debian-non-US "
6833 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout>
6834 #: sources.list.5.xml:208
6837 "deb http://nonus.debian.org/debian-non-US stable/non-US main contrib "
6841 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><literallayout>
6842 #: sources.list.5.xml:217
6844 msgid "deb http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US unstable/binary-$(ARCH)/"
6847 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6848 #: sources.list.5.xml:210
6850 "Uses HTTP to access the archive at nonus.debian.org, under the debian-non-US "
6851 "directory, and uses only files found under "
6852 "<filename>unstable/binary-i386</filename> on i386 machines, "
6853 "<filename>unstable/binary-m68k</filename> on m68k, and so forth for other "
6854 "supported architectures. [Note this example only illustrates how to use the "
6855 "substitution variable; non-us is no longer structured like this] "
6856 "<placeholder type=\"literallayout\" id=\"0\"/>"
6859 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6860 #: sources.list.5.xml:222
6861 msgid "&apt-cache; &apt-conf;"