clean up of memory debugging macros and chanegs to compile with CW7 (patch 548408)

[wxWidgets.git] / docs / latex / wx / function.tex

\chapter{Functions}\label{functions}
\setheader{{\it CHAPTER \thechapter}}{}{}{}{}{{\it CHAPTER \thechapter}}%
\setfooter{\thepage}{}{}{}{}{\thepage}

The functions and macros defined in wxWindows are described here: you can
either look up a function using the alphabetical listing of them or find it in
the corresponding topic.

\section{Alphabetical functions and macros list}

\helpref{CLASSINFO}{classinfo}\\
\helpref{copystring}{copystring}\\
\helpref{DECLARE\_ABSTRACT\_CLASS}{declareabstractclass}\\
\helpref{DECLARE\_APP}{declareapp}\\
\helpref{DECLARE\_CLASS}{declareclass}\\
\helpref{DECLARE\_DYNAMIC\_CLASS}{declaredynamicclass}\\
\helpref{IMPLEMENT\_ABSTRACT\_CLASS2}{implementabstractclass2}\\
\helpref{IMPLEMENT\_ABSTRACT\_CLASS}{implementabstractclass}\\
\helpref{IMPLEMENT\_APP}{implementapp}\\
\helpref{IMPLEMENT\_CLASS2}{implementclass2}\\
\helpref{IMPLEMENT\_CLASS}{implementclass}\\
\helpref{IMPLEMENT\_DYNAMIC\_CLASS2}{implementdynamicclass2}\\
\helpref{IMPLEMENT\_DYNAMIC\_CLASS}{implementdynamicclass}\\
\helpref{WXDEBUG\_NEW}{debugnew}\\
\helpref{WXTRACELEVEL}{tracelevel}\\
\helpref{WXTRACE}{trace}\\
\helpref{wxASSERT\_MIN\_BITSIZE}{wxassertminbitsize}\\
\helpref{wxASSERT\_MSG}{wxassertmsg}\\
\helpref{wxASSERT}{wxassert}\\
\helpref{wxBITMAP}{wxbitmapmacro}\\
\helpref{wxBeginBusyCursor}{wxbeginbusycursor}\\
\helpref{wxBell}{wxbell}\\
\helpref{wxCHECK2\_MSG}{wxcheck2msg}\\
\helpref{wxCHECK2}{wxcheck2}\\
\helpref{wxCHECK\_MSG}{wxcheckmsg}\\
\helpref{wxCHECK\_RET}{wxcheckret}\\
\helpref{wxCHECK\_VERSION}{wxcheckversion}\\
\helpref{wxCHECK}{wxcheck}\\
\helpref{wxClientDisplayRect}{wxclientdisplayrect}\\
\helpref{wxClipboardOpen}{functionwxclipboardopen}\\
\helpref{wxCloseClipboard}{wxcloseclipboard}\\
\helpref{wxColourDisplay}{wxcolourdisplay}\\
\helpref{wxCOMPILE\_TIME\_ASSERT}{wxcompiletimeassert}\\
\helpref{wxCOMPILE\_TIME\_ASSERT2}{wxcompiletimeassert2}\\
\helpref{wxConcatFiles}{wxconcatfiles}\\
\helpref{wxConstCast}{wxconstcast}\\
\helpref{wxCopyFile}{wxcopyfile}\\
\helpref{wxCreateDynamicObject}{wxcreatedynamicobject}\\
\helpref{wxCreateFileTipProvider}{wxcreatefiletipprovider}\\
\helpref{wxDDECleanUp}{wxddecleanup}\\
\helpref{wxDDEInitialize}{wxddeinitialize}\\
\helpref{wxDROP\_ICON}{wxdropicon}\\
\helpref{wxDebugMsg}{wxdebugmsg}\\
\helpref{wxDirExists}{functionwxdirexists}\\
\helpref{wxDirSelector}{wxdirselector}\\
\helpref{wxDisplayDepth}{wxdisplaydepth}\\
\helpref{wxDisplaySize}{wxdisplaysize}\\
\helpref{wxDisplaySizeMM}{wxdisplaysizemm}\\
\helpref{wxDos2UnixFilename}{wxdos2unixfilename}\\
\helpref{wxDynamicCastThis}{wxdynamiccastthis}\\
\helpref{wxDynamicCast}{wxdynamiccast}\\
\helpref{wxEmptyClipboard}{wxemptyclipboard}\\
\helpref{wxEnableTopLevelWindows}{wxenabletoplevelwindows}\\
\helpref{wxEndBusyCursor}{wxendbusycursor}\\
\helpref{wxEntry}{wxentry}\\
\helpref{wxEnumClipboardFormats}{wxenumclipboardformats}\\
\helpref{wxError}{wxerror}\\
\helpref{wxExecute}{wxexecute}\\
\helpref{wxExit}{wxexit}\\
\helpref{wxFAIL\_MSG}{wxfailmsg}\\
\helpref{wxFAIL}{wxfail}\\
\helpref{wxFatalError}{wxfatalerror}\\
\helpref{wxFileExists}{functionwxfileexists}\\
\helpref{wxFileModificationTime}{wxfilemodificationtime}\\
\helpref{wxFileNameFromPath}{wxfilenamefrompath}\\
\helpref{wxFileSelector}{wxfileselector}\\
\helpref{wxFindFirstFile}{wxfindfirstfile}\\
\helpref{wxFindMenuItemId}{wxfindmenuitemid}\\
\helpref{wxFindNextFile}{wxfindnextfile}\\
\helpref{wxFindWindowAtPointer}{wxfindwindowatpointer}\\
\helpref{wxFindWindowAtPoint}{wxfindwindowatpoint}\\
\helpref{wxFindWindowByLabel}{wxfindwindowbylabel}\\
\helpref{wxFindWindowByName}{wxfindwindowbyname}\\
\helpref{wxGetActiveWindow}{wxgetactivewindow}\\
\helpref{wxGetClipboardData}{wxgetclipboarddata}\\
\helpref{wxGetClipboardFormatName}{wxgetclipboardformatname}\\
\helpref{wxGetColourFromUser}{wxgetcolourfromuser}\\
\helpref{wxGetCwd}{wxgetcwd}\\
\helpref{wxGetDiskSpace}{wxgetdiskspace}\\
\helpref{wxGetDisplayName}{wxgetdisplayname}\\
\helpref{wxGetElapsedTime}{wxgetelapsedtime}\\
\helpref{wxGetEmailAddress}{wxgetemailaddress}\\
\helpref{wxGetEnv}{wxgetenv}\\
\helpref{wxGetFontFromUser}{wxgetfontfromuser}\\
\helpref{wxGetFreeMemory}{wxgetfreememory}\\
\helpref{wxGetFullHostName}{wxgetfullhostname}\\
\helpref{wxGetHomeDir}{wxgethomedir}\\
\helpref{wxGetHostName}{wxgethostname}\\
\helpref{wxGetLocalTimeMillis}{wxgetlocaltimemillis}\\
\helpref{wxGetLocalTime}{wxgetlocaltime}\\
\helpref{wxGetMousePosition}{wxgetmouseposition}\\
\helpref{wxGetMultipleChoices}{wxgetmultiplechoices}\\
\helpref{wxGetMultipleChoice}{wxgetmultiplechoice}\\
\helpref{wxGetNumberFromUser}{wxgetnumberfromuser}\\
\helpref{wxGetOSDirectory}{wxgetosdirectory}\\
\helpref{wxGetOsDescription}{wxgetosdescription}\\
\helpref{wxGetOsVersion}{wxgetosversion}\\
\helpref{wxGetPasswordFromUser}{wxgetpasswordfromuser}\\
\helpref{wxGetPrinterCommand}{wxgetprintercommand}\\
\helpref{wxGetPrinterFile}{wxgetprinterfile}\\
\helpref{wxGetPrinterMode}{wxgetprintermode}\\
\helpref{wxGetPrinterOptions}{wxgetprinteroptions}\\
\helpref{wxGetPrinterOrientation}{wxgetprinterorientation}\\
\helpref{wxGetPrinterPreviewCommand}{wxgetprinterpreviewcommand}\\
\helpref{wxGetPrinterScaling}{wxgetprinterscaling}\\
\helpref{wxGetPrinterTranslation}{wxgetprintertranslation}\\
\helpref{wxGetResource}{wxgetresource}\\
\helpref{wxGetSingleChoiceData}{wxgetsinglechoicedata}\\
\helpref{wxGetSingleChoiceIndex}{wxgetsinglechoiceindex}\\
\helpref{wxGetSingleChoice}{wxgetsinglechoice}\\
\helpref{wxGetTempFileName}{wxgettempfilename}\\
\helpref{wxGetTextFromUser}{wxgettextfromuser}\\
\helpref{wxGetTopLevelParent}{wxgettoplevelparent}\\
\helpref{wxGetTranslation}{wxgettranslation}\\
\helpref{wxGetUTCTime}{wxgetutctime}\\
\helpref{wxGetUserHome}{wxgetuserhome}\\
\helpref{wxGetUserId}{wxgetuserid}\\
\helpref{wxGetUserName}{wxgetusername}\\
\helpref{wxGetWorkingDirectory}{wxgetworkingdirectory}\\
\helpref{wxGetenv}{wxgetenvmacro}\\
\helpref{wxHandleFatalExceptions}{wxhandlefatalexceptions}\\
\helpref{wxICON}{wxiconmacro}\\
\helpref{wxINTXX\_SWAP\_ALWAYS}{intswapalways}\\
\helpref{wxINTXX\_SWAP\_ON\_BE}{intswaponbe}\\
\helpref{wxINTXX\_SWAP\_ON\_LE}{intswaponle}\\
\helpref{wxInitAllImageHandlers}{wxinitallimagehandlers}\\
\helpref{wxInitialize}{wxinitialize}\\
\helpref{wxIsAbsolutePath}{wxisabsolutepath}\\
\helpref{wxIsBusy}{wxisbusy}\\
\helpref{wxIsClipboardFormatAvailable}{wxisclipboardformatavailable}\\
\helpref{wxIsEmpty}{wxisempty}\\
\helpref{wxIsWild}{wxiswild}\\
\helpref{wxKill}{wxkill}\\
\helpref{wxLoadUserResource}{wxloaduserresource}\\
\helpref{wxLogDebug}{wxlogdebug}\\
\helpref{wxLogError}{wxlogerror}\\
\helpref{wxLogFatalError}{wxlogfatalerror}\\
\helpref{wxLogMessage}{wxlogmessage}\\
\helpref{wxLogStatus}{wxlogstatus}\\
\helpref{wxLogSysError}{wxlogsyserror}\\
\helpref{wxLogTrace}{wxlogtrace}\\
\helpref{wxLogVerbose}{wxlogverbose}\\
\helpref{wxLogWarning}{wxlogwarning}\\
\helpref{wxMakeMetafilePlaceable}{wxmakemetafileplaceable}\\
\helpref{wxMatchWild}{wxmatchwild}\\
\helpref{wxMessageBox}{wxmessagebox}\\
\helpref{wxMkdir}{wxmkdir}\\
\helpref{wxMutexGuiEnter}{wxmutexguienter}\\
\helpref{wxMutexGuiLeave}{wxmutexguileave}\\
\helpref{wxNewId}{wxnewid}\\
\helpref{wxNow}{wxnow}\\
\helpref{wxOnAssert}{wxonassert}\\
\helpref{wxOpenClipboard}{wxopenclipboard}\\
\helpref{wxPathOnly}{wxpathonly}\\
\helpref{wxPostDelete}{wxpostdelete}\\
\helpref{wxPostEvent}{wxpostevent}\\
\helpref{wxRegisterClipboardFormat}{wxregisterclipboardformat}\\
\helpref{wxRegisterId}{wxregisterid}\\
\helpref{wxRemoveFile}{wxremovefile}\\
\helpref{wxRenameFile}{wxrenamefile}\\
\helpref{wxResourceAddIdentifier}{wxresourceaddidentifier}\\
\helpref{wxResourceClear}{wxresourceclear}\\
\helpref{wxResourceCreateBitmap}{wxresourcecreatebitmap}\\
\helpref{wxResourceCreateIcon}{wxresourcecreateicon}\\
\helpref{wxResourceCreateMenuBar}{wxresourcecreatemenubar}\\
\helpref{wxResourceGetIdentifier}{wxresourcegetidentifier}\\
\helpref{wxResourceParseData}{wxresourcedata}\\
\helpref{wxResourceParseFile}{wxresourceparsefile}\\
\helpref{wxResourceParseString}{wxresourceparsestring}\\
\helpref{wxResourceRegisterBitmapData}{registerbitmapdata}\\
\helpref{wxResourceRegisterIconData}{wxresourceregistericondata}\\
\helpref{wxRmdir}{wxrmdir}\\
\helpref{wxSafeYield}{wxsafeyield}\\
\helpref{wxSetClipboardData}{wxsetclipboarddata}\\
\helpref{wxSetCursor}{wxsetcursor}\\
\helpref{wxSetDisplayName}{wxsetdisplayname}\\
\helpref{wxSetEnv}{wxsetenv}\\
\helpref{wxSetPrinterCommand}{wxsetprintercommand}\\
\helpref{wxSetPrinterFile}{wxsetprinterfile}\\
\helpref{wxSetPrinterMode}{wxsetprintermode}\\
\helpref{wxSetPrinterOptions}{wxsetprinteroptions}\\
\helpref{wxSetPrinterOrientation}{wxsetprinterorientation}\\
\helpref{wxSetPrinterPreviewCommand}{wxsetprinterpreviewcommand}\\
\helpref{wxSetPrinterScaling}{wxsetprinterscaling}\\
\helpref{wxSetPrinterTranslation}{wxsetprintertranslation}\\
\helpref{wxSetWorkingDirectory}{wxsetworkingdirectory}\\
\helpref{wxShell}{wxshell}\\
\helpref{wxShowTip}{wxshowtip}\\
\helpref{wxSleep}{wxsleep}\\
\helpref{wxSnprintf}{wxsnprintf}\\
\helpref{wxSplitPath}{wxsplitfunction}\\
\helpref{wxStartTimer}{wxstarttimer}\\
\helpref{wxStaticCast}{wxstaticcast}\\
\helpref{wxStricmp}{wxstricmp}\\
\helpref{wxStringEq}{wxstringeq}\\
\helpref{wxStringMatch}{wxstringmatch}\\
\helpref{wxStripMenuCodes}{wxstripmenucodes}\\
\helpref{wxStrlen}{wxstrlen}\\
\helpref{wxSysErrorCode}{wxsyserrorcode}\\
\helpref{wxSysErrorMsg}{wxsyserrormsg}\\
\helpref{wxToLower}{wxtolower}\\
\helpref{wxToUpper}{wxtoupper}\\
\helpref{wxTraceLevel}{wxtracelevel}\\
\helpref{wxTrace}{wxtrace}\\
\helpref{wxTransferFileToStream}{wxtransferfiletostream}\\
\helpref{wxTransferStreamToFile}{wxtransferstreamtofile}\\
\helpref{wxTrap}{wxtrap}\\
\helpref{wxUninitialize}{wxuninitialize}\\
\helpref{wxUnix2DosFilename}{wxunix2dosfilename}\\
\helpref{wxUnsetEnv}{wxunsetenv}\\
\helpref{wxUsleep}{wxusleep}\\
\helpref{wxVsnprintf}{wxvsnprintf}\\
\helpref{wxWakeUpIdle}{wxwakeupidle}\\
\helpref{wxWriteResource}{wxwriteresource}\\
\helpref{wxYield}{wxyield}

\section{Version macros}\label{versionfunctions}

The following constants are defined in wxWindows:

\begin{itemize}\itemsep=0pt
\item {\tt wxMAJOR\_VERSION} is the major version of wxWindows
\item {\tt wxMINOR\_VERSION} is the minor version of wxWindows
\item {\tt wxRELEASE\_NUMBER} is the release number
\end{itemize}

For example, the values or these constants for wxWindows 2.1.15 are 2, 1 and
15.

Additionally, {\tt wxVERSION\_STRING} is a user-readable string containing
the full wxWindows version and {\tt wxVERSION\_NUMBER} is a combination of the
three version numbers above: for 2.1.15, it is 2115 and it is 2200 for
wxWindows 2.2.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/version.h> or <wx/defs.h>

\membersection{wxCHECK\_VERSION}\label{wxcheckversion}

\func{bool}{wxCHECK\_VERSION}{\param{}{major, minor, release}}

This is a macro which evaluates to true if the current wxWindows version is at
least major.minor.release.

For example, to test if the program is compiled with wxWindows 2.2 or higher,
the following can be done:

\begin{verbatim}
    wxString s;
#if wxCHECK_VERSION(2, 2, 0)
    if ( s.StartsWith("foo") )
#else // replacement code for old version
    if ( strncmp(s, "foo", 3) == 0 )
#endif
    {
        ...
    }
\end{verbatim}

\section{Application initialization and termination}\label{appinifunctions}

The functions in this section are used on application startup/shutdown and also
to control the behaviour of the main event loop of the GUI programs.

\membersection{::wxEntry}\label{wxentry}

This initializes wxWindows in a platform-dependent way. Use this if you
are not using the default wxWindows entry code (e.g. main or WinMain). For example,
you can initialize wxWindows from an Microsoft Foundation Classes application using
this function.

\func{void}{wxEntry}{\param{HANDLE}{ hInstance}, \param{HANDLE}{ hPrevInstance},
 \param{const wxString\& }{commandLine}, \param{int}{ cmdShow}, \param{bool}{ enterLoop = TRUE}}

wxWindows initialization under Windows (non-DLL). If {\it enterLoop} is FALSE, the
function will return immediately after calling wxApp::OnInit. Otherwise, the wxWindows
message loop will be entered.

\func{void}{wxEntry}{\param{HANDLE}{ hInstance}, \param{HANDLE}{ hPrevInstance},
 \param{WORD}{ wDataSegment}, \param{WORD}{ wHeapSize}, \param{const wxString\& }{ commandLine}}

wxWindows initialization under Windows (for applications constructed as a DLL).

\func{int}{wxEntry}{\param{int}{ argc}, \param{const wxString\& *}{argv}}

wxWindows initialization under Unix.

\wxheading{Remarks}

To clean up wxWindows, call wxApp::OnExit followed by the static function
wxApp::CleanUp. For example, if exiting from an MFC application that also uses wxWindows:

\begin{verbatim}
int CTheApp::ExitInstance()
{
  // OnExit isn't called by CleanUp so must be called explicitly.
  wxTheApp->OnExit();
  wxApp::CleanUp();

  return CWinApp::ExitInstance();
}
\end{verbatim}

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/app.h>

\membersection{::wxHandleFatalExceptions}\label{wxhandlefatalexceptions}

\func{bool}{wxHandleFatalExceptions}{\param{bool}{ doIt = TRUE}}

If {\it doIt} is TRUE, the fatal exceptions (also known as general protection
faults under Windows or segmentation violations in the Unix world) will be
caught and passed to \helpref{wxApp::OnFatalException}{wxapponfatalexception}.
By default, i.e. before this function is called, they will be handled in the
normal way which usually just means that the application will be terminated.
Calling wxHandleFatalExceptions() with {\it doIt} equal to FALSE will restore
this default behaviour.

\membersection{::wxInitAllImageHandlers}\label{wxinitallimagehandlers}

\func{void}{wxInitAllImageHandlers}{\void}

Initializes all available image handlers. For a list of available handlers,
see \helpref{wxImage}{wximage}.

\wxheading{See also}

\helpref{wxImage}{wximage}, \helpref{wxImageHandler}{wximagehandler}

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/image.h>

\membersection{::wxInitialize}\label{wxinitialize}

\func{bool}{wxInitialize}{\void}

This function is used in wxBase only and only if you don't create
\helpref{wxApp}{wxapp} object at all. In this case you must call it from your
{\tt main()} function before calling any other wxWindows functions.

If the function returns {\tt FALSE} the initialization could not be performed,
in this case the library cannot be used and
\helpref{wxUninitialize}{wxuninitialize} shouldn't be called neither.

This function may be called several times but
\helpref{wxUninitialize}{wxuninitialize} must be called for each successful
call to this function.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/app.h>

\membersection{::wxSafeYield}\label{wxsafeyield}

\func{bool}{wxSafeYield}{\param{wxWindow*}{ win = NULL}}

This function is similar to wxYield, except that it disables the user input to
all program windows before calling wxYield and re-enables it again
afterwards. If {\it win} is not NULL, this window will remain enabled,
allowing the implementation of some limited user interaction.

Returns the result of the call to \helpref{::wxYield}{wxyield}.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/utils.h>

\membersection{::wxUninitialize}\label{wxuninitialize}

\func{void}{wxUninitialize}{\void}

This function is for use in console (wxBase) programs only. It must be called
once for each previous successful call to \helpref{wxInitialize}{wxinitialize}.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/app.h>

\membersection{::wxYield}\label{wxyield}

\func{bool}{wxYield}{\void}

Calls \helpref{wxApp::Yield}{wxappyield}.

This function is kept only for backwards compatibility, please use 
\helpref{wxApp::Yield}{wxappyield}method instead in any new code.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/app.h> or <wx/utils.h>

\membersection{::wxWakeUpIdle}\label{wxwakeupidle}

\func{void}{wxWakeUpIdle}{\void}

This functions wakes up the (internal and platform dependent) idle system, i.e. it
will force the system to send an idle event even if the system currently {\it is}
 idle and thus would not send any idle event until after some other event would get
sent. This is also useful for sending events between two threads and is used by
the corresponding functions \helpref{::wxPostEvent}{wxpostevent} and
\helpref{wxEvtHandler::AddPendingEvent}{wxevthandleraddpendingevent}.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/app.h>

\section{Process control functions}\label{processfunctions}

The functions in this section are used to launch or terminate the other
processes.

\membersection{::wxExecute}\label{wxexecute}

\func{long}{wxExecute}{\param{const wxString\& }{command}, \param{int }{sync = wxEXEC\_ASYNC}, \param{wxProcess *}{callback = NULL}}

\func{long}{wxExecute}{\param{char **}{argv}, \param{int }{flags = wxEXEC\_ASYNC}, \param{wxProcess *}{callback = NULL}}

\func{long}{wxExecute}{\param{const wxString\& }{command}, \param{wxArrayString\& }{output}}

\perlnote{In wxPerl this function only takes the {\tt command} argument,
and returns a 2-element list {\tt ( status, output )}, where {\tt output} is
an array reference.}

\func{long}{wxExecute}{\param{const wxString\& }{command}, \param{wxArrayString\& }{output}, \param{wxArrayString\& }{errors}}

\perlnote{In wxPerl this function only takes the {\tt command} argument,
and returns a 3-element list {\tt ( status, output, errors )}, where
{\tt output} and {\tt errors} are array references.}

Executes another program in Unix or Windows.

The first form takes a command string, such as {\tt "emacs file.txt"}.

The second form takes an array of values: a command, any number of
arguments, terminated by NULL.

The semantics of the third and fourth versions is different from the first two
and is described in more details below.

If {\it flags} parameter contains {\tt wxEXEC\_ASYNC} flag (the default), flow
of control immediately returns. If it contains {\tt wxEXEC\_SYNC}, the current
application waits until the other program has terminated.

In the case of synchronous execution, the return value is the exit code of
the process (which terminates by the moment the function returns) and will be
$-1$ if the process couldn't be started and typically 0 if the process
terminated successfully. Also, while waiting for the process to
terminate, wxExecute will call \helpref{wxYield}{wxyield}. The caller
should ensure that this can cause no recursion, in the simplest case by
calling \helpref{wxEnableTopLevelWindows(FALSE)}{wxenabletoplevelwindows}.

For asynchronous execution, however, the return value is the process id and
zero value indicates that the command could not be executed. As an added
complication, the return value of $-1$ in this case indicattes that we didn't
launch a new process, but connected to the running one (this can only happen in
case of using DDE under Windows for command execution). In particular, in this,
and only this, case the calling code will not get the notification about
process termination.

If callback isn't NULL and if execution is asynchronous, 
\helpref{wxProcess::OnTerminate}{wxprocessonterminate} will be called when
the process finishes. Specifying this parameter also allows you to redirect the
standard input and/or output of the process being launched by calling 
\helpref{Redirect}{wxprocessredirect}. If the child process IO is redirected,
under Windows the process window is not shown by default (this avoids having to
flush an unnecessary console for the processes which don't create any windows
anyhow) but a {\tt wxEXEC\_NOHIDE} flag can be used to prevent this from
happening, i.e. with this flag the child process window will be shown normally.

Under Unix the flag {\tt wxEXEC\_MAKE\_GROUP\_LEADER} may be used to ensure
that the new process is a group leader (this will create a new session if
needed). Calling \helpref{wxKill}{wxkill} with the argument of -pid where pid
is the process ID of the new process will kill this process as well as all of
its children (except those which have started their own session).

Finally, you may use the third overloaded version of this function to execute
a process (always synchronously) and capture its output in the array
{\it output}. The fourth version adds the possibility to additionally capture
the messages from standard error output in the {\it errors} array.

See also \helpref{wxShell}{wxshell}, \helpref{wxProcess}{wxprocess},
\helpref{Exec sample}{sampleexec}.

\wxheading{Parameters}

\docparam{command}{The command to execute and any parameters to pass to it as a
single string.}

\docparam{argv}{The command to execute should be the first element of this
array, any additional ones are the command parameters and the array must be
terminated with a NULL pointer.}

\docparam{flags}{Combination of bit masks {\tt wxEXEC\_ASYNC}, 
{\tt wxEXEC\_SYNC} and {\tt wxEXEC\_NOHIDE}}

\docparam{callback}{An optional pointer to \helpref{wxProcess}{wxprocess}}

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/utils.h>

\membersection{::wxExit}\label{wxexit}

\func{void}{wxExit}{\void}

Exits application after calling \helpref{wxApp::OnExit}{wxapponexit}.
Should only be used in an emergency: normally the top-level frame
should be deleted (after deleting all other frames) to terminate the
application. See \helpref{wxCloseEvent}{wxcloseevent} and \helpref{wxApp}{wxapp}.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/app.h>

\membersection{::wxKill}\label{wxkill}

\func{int}{wxKill}{\param{long}{ pid}, \param{int}{ sig = wxSIGTERM}, \param{wxKillError }{*rc = NULL}}

Equivalent to the Unix kill function: send the given signal {\it sig} to the
process with PID {\it pid}. The valud signal values are

\begin{verbatim}
enum wxSignal
{
    wxSIGNONE = 0,  // verify if the process exists under Unix
    wxSIGHUP,
    wxSIGINT,
    wxSIGQUIT,
    wxSIGILL,
    wxSIGTRAP,
    wxSIGABRT,
    wxSIGEMT,
    wxSIGFPE,
    wxSIGKILL,      // forcefully kill, dangerous!
    wxSIGBUS,
    wxSIGSEGV,
    wxSIGSYS,
    wxSIGPIPE,
    wxSIGALRM,
    wxSIGTERM       // terminate the process gently
};
\end{verbatim}

{\tt wxSIGNONE}, {\tt wxSIGKILL} and {\tt wxSIGTERM} have the same meaning
under both Unix and Windows but all the other signals are equivalent to
{\tt wxSIGTERM} under Windows.

Returns 0 on success, -1 on failure. If {\it rc} parameter is not NULL, it will
be filled with an element of {\tt wxKillError} enum:

\begin{verbatim}
enum wxKillError
{
    wxKILL_OK,              // no error
    wxKILL_BAD_SIGNAL,      // no such signal
    wxKILL_ACCESS_DENIED,   // permission denied
    wxKILL_NO_PROCESS,      // no such process
    wxKILL_ERROR            // another, unspecified error
};
\end{verbatim}

\wxheading{See also}

\helpref{wxProcess::Kill}{wxprocesskill},\rtfsp
\helpref{wxProcess::Exists}{wxprocessexists},\rtfsp
\helpref{Exec sample}{sampleexec}

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/utils.h>

\membersection{::wxShell}\label{wxshell}

\func{bool}{wxShell}{\param{const wxString\& }{command = NULL}}

Executes a command in an interactive shell window. If no command is
specified, then just the shell is spawned.

See also \helpref{wxExecute}{wxexecute}, \helpref{Exec sample}{sampleexec}.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/utils.h>


\section{Thread functions}\label{threadfunctions}

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/thread.h>

\wxheading{See also}

\helpref{wxThread}{wxthread}, \helpref{wxMutex}{wxmutex}, \helpref{Multithreading overview}{wxthreadoverview}

\membersection{::wxMutexGuiEnter}\label{wxmutexguienter}

\func{void}{wxMutexGuiEnter}{\void}

This function must be called when any thread other than the main GUI thread
wants to get access to the GUI library. This function will block the execution
of the calling thread until the main thread (or any other thread holding the
main GUI lock) leaves the GUI library and no other thread will enter the GUI
library until the calling thread calls \helpref{::wxMutexGuiLeave()}{wxmutexguileave}.

Typically, these functions are used like this:

\begin{verbatim}
void MyThread::Foo(void)
{
    // before doing any GUI calls we must ensure that this thread is the only
    // one doing it!

    wxMutexGuiEnter();

    // Call GUI here:
    my_window->DrawSomething();

    wxMutexGuiLeave();
}
\end{verbatim}

Note that under GTK, no creation of top-level windows is allowed in any
thread but the main one.

This function is only defined on platforms which support preemptive
threads.

\membersection{::wxMutexGuiLeave}\label{wxmutexguileave}

\func{void}{wxMutexGuiLeave}{\void}

See \helpref{::wxMutexGuiEnter()}{wxmutexguienter}.

This function is only defined on platforms which support preemptive
threads.

\section{File functions}\label{filefunctions}

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/utils.h>

\wxheading{See also}

\helpref{wxPathList}{wxpathlist}\\
\helpref{wxDir}{wxdir}\\
\helpref{wxFile}{wxfile}\\
\helpref{wxFileName}{wxfilename}

\membersection{::wxDirExists}\label{functionwxdirexists}

\func{bool}{wxDirExists}{\param{const wxString\& }{dirname}}

Returns TRUE if the directory exists.

\membersection{::wxDos2UnixFilename}\label{wxdos2unixfilename}

\func{void}{wxDos2UnixFilename}{\param{wxChar *}{s}}

Converts a DOS to a Unix filename by replacing backslashes with forward
slashes.

\membersection{::wxFileExists}\label{functionwxfileexists}

\func{bool}{wxFileExists}{\param{const wxString\& }{filename}}

Returns TRUE if the file exists. It also returns TRUE if the file is
a directory.

\membersection{::wxFileModificationTime}\label{wxfilemodificationtime}

\func{time\_t}{wxFileModificationTime}{\param{const wxString\& }{filename}}

Returns time of last modification of given file.

\membersection{::wxFileNameFromPath}\label{wxfilenamefrompath}

\func{wxString}{wxFileNameFromPath}{\param{const wxString\& }{path}}

\func{char *}{wxFileNameFromPath}{\param{char *}{path}}

Returns the filename for a full path. The second form returns a pointer to
temporary storage that should not be deallocated.

\membersection{::wxFindFirstFile}\label{wxfindfirstfile}

\func{wxString}{wxFindFirstFile}{\param{const char *}{spec}, \param{int}{ flags = 0}}

This function does directory searching; returns the first file
that matches the path {\it spec}, or the empty string. Use \helpref{wxFindNextFile}{wxfindnextfile} to
get the next matching file. Neither will report the current directory "." or the
parent directory "..".

{\it spec} may contain wildcards.

{\it flags} may be wxDIR for restricting the query to directories, wxFILE for files or zero for either.

For example:

\begin{verbatim}
  wxString f = wxFindFirstFile("/home/project/*.*");
  while ( !f.IsEmpty() )
  {
    ...
    f = wxFindNextFile();
  }
\end{verbatim}

\membersection{::wxFindNextFile}\label{wxfindnextfile}

\func{wxString}{wxFindNextFile}{\void}

Returns the next file that matches the path passed to \helpref{wxFindFirstFile}{wxfindfirstfile}.

See \helpref{wxFindFirstFile}{wxfindfirstfile} for an example.

\membersection{::wxGetDiskSpace}\label{wxgetdiskspace}

\func{bool}{wxGetDiskSpace}{\param{const wxString\& }{path}, \param{wxLongLong }{*total = NULL}, \param{wxLongLong }{*free = NULL}}

This function returns the total number of bytes and number of free bytes on
the disk containing the directory {\it path} (it should exist). Both
{\it total} and {\it free} parameters may be {\tt NULL} if the corresponding
information is not needed.

\wxheading{Returns}

{\tt TRUE} on success, {\tt FALSE} if an error occured (for example, the
directory doesn't exist).

\wxheading{Portability}

This function is implemented for Win16 (only for drives less than 2Gb), Win32,
Mac OS and generic Unix provided the system has {\tt statfs()} function.

This function first appeared in wxWindows 2.3.2.

\membersection{::wxGetOSDirectory}\label{wxgetosdirectory}

\func{wxString}{wxGetOSDirectory}{\void}

Returns the Windows directory under Windows; on other platforms returns the empty string.

\membersection{::wxIsAbsolutePath}\label{wxisabsolutepath}

\func{bool}{wxIsAbsolutePath}{\param{const wxString\& }{filename}}

Returns TRUE if the argument is an absolute filename, i.e. with a slash
or drive name at the beginning.

\membersection{::wxPathOnly}\label{wxpathonly}

\func{wxString}{wxPathOnly}{\param{const wxString\& }{path}}

Returns the directory part of the filename.

\membersection{::wxUnix2DosFilename}\label{wxunix2dosfilename}

\func{void}{wxUnix2DosFilename}{\param{const wxString\& }{s}}

Converts a Unix to a DOS filename by replacing forward
slashes with backslashes.

\membersection{::wxConcatFiles}\label{wxconcatfiles}

\func{bool}{wxConcatFiles}{\param{const wxString\& }{file1}, \param{const wxString\& }{file2},
\param{const wxString\& }{file3}}

Concatenates {\it file1} and {\it file2} to {\it file3}, returning
TRUE if successful.

\membersection{::wxCopyFile}\label{wxcopyfile}

\func{bool}{wxCopyFile}{\param{const wxString\& }{file1}, \param{const wxString\& }{file2}, \param{bool }{overwrite = TRUE}}

Copies {\it file1} to {\it file2}, returning TRUE if successful. If
{\it overwrite} parameter is TRUE (default), the destination file is overwritten
if it exists, but if {\it overwrite} is FALSE, the functions failes in this
case.

\membersection{::wxGetCwd}\label{wxgetcwd}

\func{wxString}{wxGetCwd}{\void}

Returns a string containing the current (or working) directory.

\membersection{::wxGetWorkingDirectory}\label{wxgetworkingdirectory}

\func{wxString}{wxGetWorkingDirectory}{\param{char *}{buf=NULL}, \param{int }{sz=1000}}

This function is obsolete: use \helpref{wxGetCwd}{wxgetcwd} instead.

Copies the current working directory into the buffer if supplied, or
copies the working directory into new storage (which you must delete yourself)
if the buffer is NULL.

{\it sz} is the size of the buffer if supplied.

\membersection{::wxGetTempFileName}\label{wxgettempfilename}

\func{char *}{wxGetTempFileName}{\param{const wxString\& }{prefix}, \param{char *}{buf=NULL}}

\func{bool}{wxGetTempFileName}{\param{const wxString\& }{prefix}, \param{wxString\& }{buf}}

%% Makes a temporary filename based on {\it prefix}, opens and closes the file,
%% and places the name in {\it buf}. If {\it buf} is NULL, new store
%% is allocated for the temporary filename using {\it new}.
%%
%% Under Windows, the filename will include the drive and name of the
%% directory allocated for temporary files (usually the contents of the
%% TEMP variable). Under Unix, the {\tt /tmp} directory is used.
%%
%% It is the application's responsibility to create and delete the file.

These functions are obsolete, please use\rtfsp
\helpref{wxFileName::CreateTempFileName}{wxfilenamecreatetempfilename}\rtfsp
instead.

\membersection{::wxIsWild}\label{wxiswild}

\func{bool}{wxIsWild}{\param{const wxString\& }{pattern}}

Returns TRUE if the pattern contains wildcards. See \helpref{wxMatchWild}{wxmatchwild}.

\membersection{::wxMatchWild}\label{wxmatchwild}

\func{bool}{wxMatchWild}{\param{const wxString\& }{pattern}, \param{const wxString\& }{text}, \param{bool}{ dot\_special}}

Returns TRUE if the {\it pattern}\/ matches the {\it text}\/; if {\it
dot\_special}\/ is TRUE, filenames beginning with a dot are not matched
with wildcard characters. See \helpref{wxIsWild}{wxiswild}.

\membersection{::wxMkdir}\label{wxmkdir}

\func{bool}{wxMkdir}{\param{const wxString\& }{dir}, \param{int }{perm = 0777}}

Makes the directory {\it dir}, returning TRUE if successful.

{\it perm} is the access mask for the directory for the systems on which it is
supported (Unix) and doesn't have effect for the other ones.

\membersection{::wxRemoveFile}\label{wxremovefile}

\func{bool}{wxRemoveFile}{\param{const wxString\& }{file}}

Removes {\it file}, returning TRUE if successful.

\membersection{::wxRenameFile}\label{wxrenamefile}

\func{bool}{wxRenameFile}{\param{const wxString\& }{file1}, \param{const wxString\& }{file2}}

Renames {\it file1} to {\it file2}, returning TRUE if successful.

\membersection{::wxRmdir}\label{wxrmdir}

\func{bool}{wxRmdir}{\param{const wxString\& }{dir}, \param{int}{ flags=0}}

Removes the directory {\it dir}, returning TRUE if successful. Does not work under VMS.

The {\it flags} parameter is reserved for future use.

\membersection{::wxSetWorkingDirectory}\label{wxsetworkingdirectory}

\func{bool}{wxSetWorkingDirectory}{\param{const wxString\& }{dir}}

Sets the current working directory, returning TRUE if the operation succeeded.
Under MS Windows, the current drive is also changed if {\it dir} contains a drive specification.

\membersection{::wxSplitPath}\label{wxsplitfunction}

\func{void}{wxSplitPath}{\param{const char *}{ fullname}, \param{wxString *}{ path}, \param{wxString *}{ name}, \param{wxString *}{ ext}}

This function splits a full file name into components: the path (including possible disk/drive
specification under Windows), the base name and the extension. Any of the output parameters
({\it path}, {\it name} or {\it ext}) may be NULL if you are not interested in the value of
a particular component.

wxSplitPath() will correctly handle filenames with both DOS and Unix path separators under
Windows, however it will not consider backslashes as path separators under Unix (where backslash
is a valid character in a filename).

On entry, {\it fullname} should be non-NULL (it may be empty though).

On return, {\it path} contains the file path (without the trailing separator), {\it name}
contains the file name and {\it ext} contains the file extension without leading dot. All
three of them may be empty if the corresponding component is. The old contents of the
strings pointed to by these parameters will be overwritten in any case (if the pointers
are not NULL).

\membersection{::wxTransferFileToStream}\label{wxtransferfiletostream}

\func{bool}{wxTransferFileToStream}{\param{const wxString\& }{filename}, \param{ostream\& }{stream}}

Copies the given file to {\it stream}. Useful when converting an old application to
use streams (within the document/view framework, for example).

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/docview.h>

\membersection{::wxTransferStreamToFile}\label{wxtransferstreamtofile}

\func{bool}{wxTransferStreamToFile}{\param{istream\& }{stream} \param{const wxString\& }{filename}}

Copies the given stream to the file {\it filename}. Useful when converting an old application to
use streams (within the document/view framework, for example).

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/docview.h>

\section{Network, user and OS functions}\label{networkfunctions}

The functions in this section are used to retrieve information about the
current computer and/or user characteristics.

\membersection{::wxGetFreeMemory}\label{wxgetfreememory}

\func{long}{wxGetFreeMemory}{\void}

Returns the amount of free memory in bytes under environments which
support it, and -1 if not supported. Currently, it is supported only
under Windows, Linux and Solaris.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/utils.h>

\membersection{::wxGetFullHostName}\label{wxgetfullhostname}

\func{wxString}{wxGetFullHostName}{\void}

Returns the FQDN (fully qualified domain host name) or an empty string on
error.

\wxheading{See also}

\helpref{wxGetHostName}{wxgethostname}

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/utils.h>

\membersection{::wxGetEmailAddress}\label{wxgetemailaddress}

\func{bool}{wxGetEmailAddress}{\param{const wxString\& }{buf}, \param{int }{sz}}

Copies the user's email address into the supplied buffer, by
concatenating the values returned by \helpref{wxGetFullHostName}{wxgetfullhostname}\rtfsp
and \helpref{wxGetUserId}{wxgetuserid}.

Returns TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/utils.h>

\membersection{::wxGetHomeDir}\label{wxgethomedir}

\func{wxString}{wxGetHomeDir}{\void}

Return the (current) user's home directory.

\wxheading{See also}

\helpref{wxGetUserHome}{wxgetuserhome}

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/utils.h>

\membersection{::wxGetHostName}\label{wxgethostname}

\func{wxString}{wxGetHostName}{\void}

\func{bool}{wxGetHostName}{\param{char * }{buf}, \param{int }{sz}}

Copies the current host machine's name into the supplied buffer. Please note
that the returned name is {\it not} fully qualified, i.e. it does not include
the domain name.

Under Windows or NT, this function first looks in the environment
variable SYSTEM\_NAME; if this is not found, the entry {\bf HostName}\rtfsp
in the {\bf wxWindows} section of the WIN.INI file is tried.

The first variant of this function returns the hostname if successful or an
empty string otherwise. The second (deprecated) function returns TRUE
if successful, FALSE otherwise.

\wxheading{See also}

\helpref{wxGetFullHostName}{wxgetfullhostname}

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/utils.h>

\membersection{::wxGetUserId}\label{wxgetuserid}

\func{wxString}{wxGetUserId}{\void}

\func{bool}{wxGetUserId}{\param{char * }{buf}, \param{int }{sz}}

This function returns the "user id" also known as "login name" under Unix i.e.
something like "jsmith". It uniquely identifies the current user (on this system).

Under Windows or NT, this function first looks in the environment
variables USER and LOGNAME; if neither of these is found, the entry {\bf UserId}\rtfsp
in the {\bf wxWindows} section of the WIN.INI file is tried.

The first variant of this function returns the login name if successful or an
empty string otherwise. The second (deprecated) function returns TRUE
if successful, FALSE otherwise.

\wxheading{See also}

\helpref{wxGetUserName}{wxgetusername}

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/utils.h>

\membersection{::wxGetOsDescription}\label{wxgetosdescription}

\func{wxString}{wxGetOsDescription}{\void}

Returns the string containing the description of the current platform in a
user-readable form. For example, this function may return strings like
{\tt Windows NT Version 4.0} or {\tt Linux 2.2.2 i386}.

\wxheading{See also}

\helpref{::wxGetOsVersion}{wxgetosversion}

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/utils.h>

\membersection{::wxGetOsVersion}\label{wxgetosversion}

\func{int}{wxGetOsVersion}{\param{int *}{major = NULL}, \param{int *}{minor = NULL}}

Gets operating system version information.

\begin{twocollist}\itemsep=0pt
\twocolitemruled{Platform}{Return types}
\twocolitem{Mac OS}{Return value is wxMAC when compiled with CodeWarrior under Mac OS 8.x/9.x and Mac OS X, wxMAC\_DARWIN when compiled with the Apple Developer Tools under Mac OS X.}
\twocolitem{GTK}{Return value is wxGTK, For GTK 1.0, {\it major} is 1, {\it minor} is 0. }
\twocolitem{Motif}{Return value is wxMOTIF\_X, {\it major} is X version, {\it minor} is X revision.}
\twocolitem{OS/2}{Return value is wxOS2\_PM.}
\twocolitem{Windows 3.1}{Return value is wxWINDOWS, {\it major} is 3, {\it minor} is 1.}
\twocolitem{Windows NT/2000}{Return value is wxWINDOWS\_NT, version is returned in {\it major} and {\it minor}}
\twocolitem{Windows 98}{Return value is wxWIN95, {\it major} is 4, {\it minor} is 1 or greater.}
\twocolitem{Windows 95}{Return value is wxWIN95, {\it major} is 4, {\it minor} is 0.}
\twocolitem{Win32s (Windows 3.1)}{Return value is wxWIN32S, {\it major} is 3, {\it minor} is 1.}
\twocolitem{Watcom C++ 386 supervisor mode (Windows 3.1)}{Return value is wxWIN386, {\it major} is 3, {\it minor} is 1.}
\end{twocollist}

\wxheading{See also}

\helpref{::wxGetOsDescription}{wxgetosdescription}

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/utils.h>

\membersection{::wxGetUserHome}\label{wxgetuserhome}

\func{const wxChar *}{wxGetUserHome}{\param{const wxString\& }{user = ""}}

Returns the home directory for the given user. If the username is empty
(default value), this function behaves like 
\helpref{wxGetHomeDir}{wxgethomedir}.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/utils.h>

\membersection{::wxGetUserName}\label{wxgetusername}

\func{wxString}{wxGetUserName}{\void}

\func{bool}{wxGetUserName}{\param{char * }{buf}, \param{int }{sz}}

This function returns the full user name (something like "Mr. John Smith").

Under Windows or NT, this function looks for the entry {\bf UserName}\rtfsp
in the {\bf wxWindows} section of the WIN.INI file. If PenWindows
is running, the entry {\bf Current} in the section {\bf User} of
the PENWIN.INI file is used.

The first variant of this function returns the user name if successful or an
empty string otherwise. The second (deprecated) function returns {\tt TRUE}
if successful, {\tt FALSE} otherwise.

\wxheading{See also}

\helpref{wxGetUserId}{wxgetuserid}

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/utils.h>

\section{String functions}

\membersection{::copystring}\label{copystring}

\func{char *}{copystring}{\param{const char *}{s}}

Makes a copy of the string {\it s} using the C++ new operator, so it can be
deleted with the {\it delete} operator.

This function is deprecated, use \helpref{wxString}{wxstring} class instead.

\membersection{::wxIsEmpty}\label{wxisempty}

\func{bool}{wxIsEmpty}{\param{const char *}{ p}}

Returns {\tt TRUE} if the pointer is either {\tt NULL} or points to an empty
string, {\tt FALSE} otherwise.

\membersection{::wxStricmp}\label{wxstricmp}

\func{int}{wxStricmp}{\param{const char *}{p1}, \param{const char *}{p2}}

Returns a negative value, 0, or positive value if {\it p1} is less than, equal
to or greater than {\it p2}. The comparison is case-insensitive.

This function complements the standard C function {\it strcmp()} which performs
case-sensitive comparison.

\membersection{::wxStringMatch}\label{wxstringmatch}

\func{bool}{wxStringMatch}{\param{const wxString\& }{s1}, \param{const wxString\& }{s2},\\
  \param{bool}{ subString = TRUE}, \param{bool}{ exact = FALSE}}

Returns {\tt TRUE} if the substring {\it s1} is found within {\it s2},
ignoring case if {\it exact} is FALSE. If {\it subString} is {\tt FALSE},
no substring matching is done.

This function is obsolete, use \helpref{wxString::Find}{wxstringfind} instead.

\membersection{::wxStringEq}\label{wxstringeq}

\func{bool}{wxStringEq}{\param{const wxString\& }{s1}, \param{const wxString\& }{s2}}

A macro defined as:

\begin{verbatim}
#define wxStringEq(s1, s2) (s1 && s2 && (strcmp(s1, s2) == 0))
\end{verbatim}

This function is obsolete, use \helpref{wxString}{wxstring} instead.

\membersection{::wxStrlen}\label{wxstrlen}

\func{size\_t}{wxStrlen}{\param{const char *}{ p}}

This is a safe version of standard function {\it strlen()}: it does exactly the
same thing (i.e. returns the length of the string) except that it returns 0 if
{\it p} is the {\tt NULL} pointer.

\membersection{::wxGetTranslation}\label{wxgettranslation}

\func{const char *}{wxGetTranslation}{\param{const char * }{str}}

This function returns the translation of string {\it str} in the current
\helpref{locale}{wxlocale}. If the string is not found in any of the loaded
message catalogs (see \helpref{internationalization overview}{internationalization}), the
original string is returned. In debug build, an error message is logged - this
should help to find the strings which were not yet translated. As this function
is used very often, an alternative syntax is provided: the \_() macro is
defined as wxGetTranslation().

\membersection{::wxSnprintf}\label{wxsnprintf}

\func{int}{wxSnprintf}{\param{wxChar *}{buf}, \param{size\_t }{len}, \param{const wxChar *}{format}, \param{}{...}}

This function replaces the dangerous standard function {\tt sprintf()} and is
like {\tt snprintf()} available on some platforms. The only difference with
sprintf() is that an additional argument - buffer size - is taken and the
buffer is never overflowed.

Returns the number of characters copied to the buffer or -1 if there is not
enough space.

\wxheading{See also}

\helpref{wxVsnprintf}{wxvsnprintf}, \helpref{wxString::Printf}{wxstringprintf}

\membersection{::wxToLower}\label{wxtolower}

\func{char}{wxToLower}{\param{char }{ch}}

Converts the character to lower case. This is implemented as a macro for efficiency.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/utils.h>

\membersection{::wxToUpper}\label{wxtoupper}

\func{char}{wxToUpper}{\param{char }{ch}}

Converts the character to upper case. This is implemented as a macro for efficiency.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/utils.h>

\membersection{::wxVsnprintf}\label{wxvsnprintf}

\func{int}{wxVsnprintf}{\param{wxChar *}{buf}, \param{size\_t }{len}, \param{const wxChar *}{format}, \param{va\_list }{argPtr}}

The same as \helpref{wxSnprintf}{wxsnprintf} but takes a {\tt va\_list }
argument instead of arbitrary number of parameters.

\wxheading{See also}

\helpref{wxSnprintf}{wxsnprintf}, \helpref{wxString::PrintfV}{wxstringprintfv}

\section{Dialog functions}\label{dialogfunctions}

Below are a number of convenience functions for getting input from the
user or displaying messages. Note that in these functions the last three
parameters are optional. However, it is recommended to pass a parent frame
parameter, or (in MS Windows or Motif) the wrong window frame may be brought to
the front when the dialog box is popped up.

\membersection{::wxBeginBusyCursor}\label{wxbeginbusycursor}

\func{void}{wxBeginBusyCursor}{\param{wxCursor *}{cursor = wxHOURGLASS\_CURSOR}}

Changes the cursor to the given cursor for all windows in the application.
Use \helpref{wxEndBusyCursor}{wxendbusycursor} to revert the cursor back
to its previous state. These two calls can be nested, and a counter
ensures that only the outer calls take effect.

See also \helpref{wxIsBusy}{wxisbusy}, \helpref{wxBusyCursor}{wxbusycursor}.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/utils.h>

\membersection{::wxBell}\label{wxbell}

\func{void}{wxBell}{\void}

Ring the system bell.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/utils.h>

\membersection{::wxCreateFileTipProvider}\label{wxcreatefiletipprovider}

\func{wxTipProvider *}{wxCreateFileTipProvider}{\param{const wxString\& }{filename},
 \param{size\_t }{currentTip}}

This function creates a \helpref{wxTipProvider}{wxtipprovider} which may be
used with \helpref{wxShowTip}{wxshowtip}.

\docparam{filename}{The name of the file containing the tips, one per line}
\docparam{currentTip}{The index of the first tip to show - normally this index
is remembered between the 2 program runs.}

\wxheading{See also}

\helpref{Tips overview}{tipsoverview}

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/tipdlg.h>

\membersection{::wxDirSelector}\label{wxdirselector}

\func{wxString}{wxDirSelector}{\param{const wxString\& }{message = wxDirSelectorPromptStr},\\
 \param{const wxString\& }{default\_path = ""},\\
 \param{long }{style = 0}, \param{const wxPoint\& }{pos = wxDefaultPosition},\\
 \param{wxWindow *}{parent = NULL}}

Pops up a directory selector dialog. The arguments have the same meaning as
those of wxDirDialog::wxDirDialog(). The message is displayed at the top,
and the default\_path, if specified, is set as the initial selection.

The application must check for an empty return value (if the user pressed
Cancel). For example:

\begin{verbatim}
const wxString& dir = wxDirSelector("Choose a folder");
if ( !dir.empty() )
{
  ...
}
\end{verbatim}

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/dirdlg.h>

\membersection{::wxFileSelector}\label{wxfileselector}

\func{wxString}{wxFileSelector}{\param{const wxString\& }{message}, \param{const wxString\& }{default\_path = ""},\\
 \param{const wxString\& }{default\_filename = ""}, \param{const wxString\& }{default\_extension = ""},\\
 \param{const wxString\& }{wildcard = ``*.*''}, \param{int }{flags = 0}, \param{wxWindow *}{parent = ""},\\
 \param{int}{ x = -1}, \param{int}{ y = -1}}

Pops up a file selector box. In Windows, this is the common file selector
dialog. In X, this is a file selector box with the same functionality.
The path and filename are distinct elements of a full file pathname.
If path is empty, the current directory will be used. If filename is empty,
no default filename will be supplied. The wildcard determines what files
are displayed in the file selector, and file extension supplies a type
extension for the required filename. Flags may be a combination of wxOPEN,
wxSAVE, wxOVERWRITE\_PROMPT, wxHIDE\_READONLY, wxFILE\_MUST\_EXIST, wxMULTIPLE or 0.

Both the Unix and Windows versions implement a wildcard filter. Typing a
filename containing wildcards (*, ?) in the filename text item, and
clicking on Ok, will result in only those files matching the pattern being
displayed.

The wildcard may be a specification for multiple types of file
with a description for each, such as:

\begin{verbatim}
 "BMP files (*.bmp)|*.bmp|GIF files (*.gif)|*.gif"
\end{verbatim}

The application must check for an empty return value (the user pressed
Cancel). For example:

\begin{verbatim}
const wxString& s = wxFileSelector("Choose a file to open");
if (s)
{
  ...
}
\end{verbatim}

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/filedlg.h>

\membersection{::wxEndBusyCursor}\label{wxendbusycursor}

\func{void}{wxEndBusyCursor}{\void}

Changes the cursor back to the original cursor, for all windows in the application.
Use with \helpref{wxBeginBusyCursor}{wxbeginbusycursor}.

See also \helpref{wxIsBusy}{wxisbusy}, \helpref{wxBusyCursor}{wxbusycursor}.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/utils.h>

\membersection{::wxGetColourFromUser}\label{wxgetcolourfromuser}

\func{wxColour}{wxGetColourFromUser}{\param{wxWindow *}{parent}, \param{const wxColour\& }{colInit}}

Shows the colour selection dialog and returns the colour selected by user or
invalid colour (use \helpref{wxColour::Ok}{wxcolourok} to test whether a colour
is valid) if the dialog was cancelled.

\wxheading{Parameters}

\docparam{parent}{The parent window for the colour selection dialog}

\docparam{colInit}{If given, this will be the colour initially selected in the dialog.}

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/colordlg.h>

\membersection{::wxGetFontFromUser}\label{wxgetfontfromuser}

\func{wxFont}{wxGetFontFromUser}{\param{wxWindow *}{parent}, \param{const wxFont\& }{fontInit}}

Shows the font selection dialog and returns the font selected by user or
invalid font (use \helpref{wxFont::Ok}{wxfontok} to test whether a font
is valid) if the dialog was cancelled.

\wxheading{Parameters}

\docparam{parent}{The parent window for the font selection dialog}

\docparam{fontInit}{If given, this will be the font initially selected in the dialog.}

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/fontdlg.h>


\membersection{::wxGetMultipleChoices}\label{wxgetmultiplechoices}

\func{size\_t}{wxGetMultipleChoices}{\\
 \param{wxArrayInt\& }{selections},\\
 \param{const wxString\& }{message},\\
 \param{const wxString\& }{caption},\\
 \param{const wxArrayString\& }{aChoices},\\
 \param{wxWindow *}{parent = NULL},\\
 \param{int}{ x = -1}, \param{int}{ y = -1},\\
 \param{bool}{ centre = TRUE},\\
 \param{int }{width=150}, \param{int }{height=200}}

\func{size\_t}{wxGetMultipleChoices}{\\
 \param{wxArrayInt\& }{selections},\\
 \param{const wxString\& }{message},\\
 \param{const wxString\& }{caption},\\
 \param{int}{ n}, \param{const wxString\& }{choices[]},\\
 \param{wxWindow *}{parent = NULL},\\
 \param{int}{ x = -1}, \param{int}{ y = -1},\\
 \param{bool}{ centre = TRUE},\\
 \param{int }{width=150}, \param{int }{height=200}}

Pops up a dialog box containing a message, OK/Cancel buttons and a
multiple-selection listbox. The user may choose an arbitrary (including 0)
number of items in the listbox whose indices will be returned in
{\it selection} array. The initial contents of this array will be used to
select the items when the dialog is shown.

You may pass the list of strings to choose from either using {\it choices}
which is an array of {\it n} strings for the listbox or by using a single
{\it aChoices} parameter of type \helpref{wxArrayString}{wxarraystring}.

If {\it centre} is TRUE, the message text (which may include new line
characters) is centred; if FALSE, the message is left-justified.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/choicdlg.h>

\perlnote{In wxPerl there is just an array reference in place of {\tt n}
and {\tt choices}, and no {\tt selections} parameter; the function
returns an array containing the user selections.}

\membersection{::wxGetNumberFromUser}\label{wxgetnumberfromuser}

\func{long}{wxGetNumberFromUser}{
 \param{const wxString\& }{message},
 \param{const wxString\& }{prompt},
 \param{const wxString\& }{caption},
 \param{long }{value},
 \param{long }{min = 0},
 \param{long }{max = 100},
 \param{wxWindow *}{parent = NULL},
 \param{const wxPoint\& }{pos = wxDefaultPosition}}

Shows a dialog asking the user for numeric input. The dialogs title is set to
{\it caption}, it contains a (possibly) multiline {\it message} above the
single line {\it prompt} and the zone for entering the number.

The number entered must be in the range {\it min}..{\it max} (both of which
should be positive) and {\it value} is the initial value of it. If the user
enters an invalid value or cancels the dialog, the function will return -1.

Dialog is centered on its {\it parent} unless an explicit position is given in
{\it pos}.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/textdlg.h>

\membersection{::wxGetPasswordFromUser}\label{wxgetpasswordfromuser}

\func{wxString}{wxGetTextFromUser}{\param{const wxString\& }{message}, \param{const wxString\& }{caption = ``Input text"},\\
 \param{const wxString\& }{default\_value = ``"}, \param{wxWindow *}{parent = NULL}}

Similar to \helpref{wxGetTextFromUser}{wxgettextfromuser} but the text entered
in the dialog is not shown on screen but replaced with stars. This is intended
to be used for entering passwords as the function name implies.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/textdlg.h>

\membersection{::wxGetTextFromUser}\label{wxgettextfromuser}

\func{wxString}{wxGetTextFromUser}{\param{const wxString\& }{message}, \param{const wxString\& }{caption = ``Input text"},\\
 \param{const wxString\& }{default\_value = ``"}, \param{wxWindow *}{parent = NULL},\\
 \param{int}{ x = -1}, \param{int}{ y = -1}, \param{bool}{ centre = TRUE}}

Pop up a dialog box with title set to {\it caption}, {\it message}, and a
\rtfsp{\it default\_value}.  The user may type in text and press OK to return this text,
or press Cancel to return the empty string.

If {\it centre} is TRUE, the message text (which may include new line characters)
is centred; if FALSE, the message is left-justified.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/textdlg.h>

\membersection{::wxGetMultipleChoice}\label{wxgetmultiplechoice}

\func{int}{wxGetMultipleChoice}{\param{const wxString\& }{message}, \param{const wxString\& }{caption}, \param{int}{ n}, \param{const wxString\& }{choices[]},\\
 \param{int }{nsel}, \param{int *}{selection},
 \param{wxWindow *}{parent = NULL}, \param{int}{ x = -1}, \param{int}{ y = -1},\\
 \param{bool}{ centre = TRUE}, \param{int }{width=150}, \param{int }{height=200}}

Pops up a dialog box containing a message, OK/Cancel buttons and a multiple-selection
listbox. The user may choose one or more item(s) and press OK or Cancel.

The number of initially selected choices, and array of the selected indices,
are passed in; this array will contain the user selections on exit, with
the function returning the number of selections. {\it selection} must be
as big as the number of choices, in case all are selected.

If Cancel is pressed, -1 is returned.

{\it choices} is an array of {\it n} strings for the listbox.

If {\it centre} is TRUE, the message text (which may include new line characters)
is centred; if FALSE, the message is left-justified.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/choicdlg.h>

\membersection{::wxGetSingleChoice}\label{wxgetsinglechoice}

\func{wxString}{wxGetSingleChoice}{\param{const wxString\& }{message},\\
 \param{const wxString\& }{caption},\\
 \param{const wxArrayString\& }{aChoices},\\
 \param{wxWindow *}{parent = NULL},\\
 \param{int}{ x = -1}, \param{int}{ y = -1},\\
 \param{bool}{ centre = TRUE},\\
 \param{int }{width=150}, \param{int }{height=200}}

\func{wxString}{wxGetSingleChoice}{\param{const wxString\& }{message},\\
 \param{const wxString\& }{caption},\\
 \param{int}{ n}, \param{const wxString\& }{choices[]},\\
 \param{wxWindow *}{parent = NULL},\\
 \param{int}{ x = -1}, \param{int}{ y = -1},\\
 \param{bool}{ centre = TRUE},\\
 \param{int }{width=150}, \param{int }{height=200}}

Pops up a dialog box containing a message, OK/Cancel buttons and a
single-selection listbox. The user may choose an item and press OK to return a
string or Cancel to return the empty string. Use
\helpref{wxGetSingleChoiceIndex}{wxgetsinglechoiceindex} if empty string is a
valid choice and if you want to be able to detect pressing Cancel reliably.

You may pass the list of strings to choose from either using {\it choices}
which is an array of {\it n} strings for the listbox or by using a single
{\it aChoices} parameter of type \helpref{wxArrayString}{wxarraystring}.

If {\it centre} is TRUE, the message text (which may include new line
characters) is centred; if FALSE, the message is left-justified.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/choicdlg.h>

\perlnote{In wxPerl there is just an array reference in place of {\tt n}
and {\tt choices}.}

\membersection{::wxGetSingleChoiceIndex}\label{wxgetsinglechoiceindex}

\func{int}{wxGetSingleChoiceIndex}{\param{const wxString\& }{message},\\
 \param{const wxString\& }{caption},\\
 \param{const wxArrayString\& }{aChoices},\\
 \param{wxWindow *}{parent = NULL}, \param{int}{ x = -1}, \param{int}{ y = -1},\\
 \param{bool}{ centre = TRUE}, \param{int }{width=150}, \param{int }{height=200}}

\func{int}{wxGetSingleChoiceIndex}{\param{const wxString\& }{message},\\
 \param{const wxString\& }{caption},\\
 \param{int}{ n}, \param{const wxString\& }{choices[]},\\
 \param{wxWindow *}{parent = NULL}, \param{int}{ x = -1}, \param{int}{ y = -1},\\
 \param{bool}{ centre = TRUE}, \param{int }{width=150}, \param{int }{height=200}}

As {\bf wxGetSingleChoice} but returns the index representing the selected
string. If the user pressed cancel, -1 is returned.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/choicdlg.h>

\perlnote{In wxPerl there is just an array reference in place of {\tt n}
and {\tt choices}.}

\membersection{::wxGetSingleChoiceData}\label{wxgetsinglechoicedata}

\func{wxString}{wxGetSingleChoiceData}{\param{const wxString\& }{message},\\
 \param{const wxString\& }{caption},\\
 \param{const wxArrayString\& }{aChoices},\\
 \param{const wxString\& }{client\_data[]},\\
 \param{wxWindow *}{parent = NULL},\\
 \param{int}{ x = -1}, \param{int}{ y = -1},\\
 \param{bool}{ centre = TRUE}, \param{int }{width=150}, \param{int }{height=200}}

\func{wxString}{wxGetSingleChoiceData}{\param{const wxString\& }{message},\\
 \param{const wxString\& }{caption},\\
 \param{int}{ n}, \param{const wxString\& }{choices[]},\\
 \param{const wxString\& }{client\_data[]},\\
 \param{wxWindow *}{parent = NULL},\\
 \param{int}{ x = -1}, \param{int}{ y = -1},\\
 \param{bool}{ centre = TRUE}, \param{int }{width=150}, \param{int }{height=200}}

As {\bf wxGetSingleChoice} but takes an array of client data pointers
corresponding to the strings, and returns one of these pointers or NULL if
Cancel was pressed. The {\it client\_data} array must have the same number of
elements as {\it choices} or {\it aChoices}!

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/choicdlg.h>

\perlnote{In wxPerl there is just an array reference in place of {\tt n}
and {\tt choices}, and the client data array must have the
same length as the choices array.}

\membersection{::wxIsBusy}\label{wxisbusy}

\func{bool}{wxIsBusy}{\void}

Returns TRUE if between two \helpref{wxBeginBusyCursor}{wxbeginbusycursor} and\rtfsp
\helpref{wxEndBusyCursor}{wxendbusycursor} calls.

See also \helpref{wxBusyCursor}{wxbusycursor}.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/utils.h>

\membersection{::wxMessageBox}\label{wxmessagebox}

\func{int}{wxMessageBox}{\param{const wxString\& }{message}, \param{const wxString\& }{caption = ``Message"}, \param{int}{ style = wxOK \pipe wxCENTRE},\\
 \param{wxWindow *}{parent = NULL}, \param{int}{ x = -1}, \param{int}{ y = -1}}

General purpose message dialog.  {\it style} may be a bit list of the
following identifiers:

\begin{twocollist}\itemsep=0pt
\twocolitem{wxYES\_NO}{Puts Yes and No buttons on the message box. May be combined with
wxCANCEL.}
\twocolitem{wxCANCEL}{Puts a Cancel button on the message box. May be combined with
wxYES\_NO or wxOK.}
\twocolitem{wxOK}{Puts an Ok button on the message box. May be combined with wxCANCEL.}
\twocolitem{wxCENTRE}{Centres the text.}
\twocolitem{wxICON\_EXCLAMATION}{Displays an exclamation mark symbol.}
\twocolitem{wxICON\_HAND}{Displays an error symbol.}
\twocolitem{wxICON\_ERROR}{Displays an error symbol - the same as wxICON\_HAND.}
\twocolitem{wxICON\_QUESTION}{Displays a question mark symbol.}
\twocolitem{wxICON\_INFORMATION}{Displays an information symbol.}
\end{twocollist}

The return value is one of: wxYES, wxNO, wxCANCEL, wxOK.

For example:

\begin{verbatim}
  ...
  int answer = wxMessageBox("Quit program?", "Confirm",
                            wxYES_NO | wxCANCEL, main_frame);
  if (answer == wxYES)
    delete main_frame;
  ...
\end{verbatim}

{\it message} may contain newline characters, in which case the
message will be split into separate lines, to cater for large messages.

Under Windows, the native MessageBox function is used unless wxCENTRE
is specified in the style, in which case a generic function is used.
This is because the native MessageBox function cannot centre text.
The symbols are not shown when the generic function is used.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/msgdlg.h>

\membersection{::wxShowTip}\label{wxshowtip}

\func{bool}{wxShowTip}{\param{wxWindow *}{parent},
 \param{wxTipProvider *}{tipProvider},
 \param{bool }{showAtStartup = TRUE}}

This function shows a "startup tip" to the user.

\docparam{parent}{The parent window for the modal dialog}

\docparam{tipProvider}{An object which is used to get the text of the tips.
It may be created with the \helpref{wxCreateFileTipProvider}{wxcreatefiletipprovider} function.}

\docparam{showAtStartup}{Should be TRUE if startup tips are shown, FALSE
otherwise. This is used as the initial value for "Show tips at startup"
checkbox which is shown in the tips dialog.}

\wxheading{See also}

\helpref{Tips overview}{tipsoverview}

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/tipdlg.h>

\section{GDI functions}\label{gdifunctions}

The following are relevant to the GDI (Graphics Device Interface).

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/gdicmn.h>

\membersection{wxBITMAP}\label{wxbitmapmacro}

\func{}{wxBITMAP}{bitmapName}

This macro loads a bitmap from either application resources (on the platforms
for which they exist, i.e. Windows and OS2) or from an XPM file. It allows to
avoid using {\tt \#ifdef}s when creating bitmaps.

\wxheading{See also}

\helpref{Bitmaps and icons overview}{wxbitmapoverview},
\helpref{wxICON}{wxiconmacro}

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/gdicmn.h>

\membersection{::wxClientDisplayRect}\label{wxclientdisplayrect}

\func{void}{wxClientDisplayRect}{\param{int *}{x}, \param{int *}{y},
\param{int *}{width}, \param{int *}{height}}

\func{wxRect}{wxGetClientDisplayRect}{\void}

Returns the dimensions of the work area on the display.  On Windows
this means the area not covered by the taskbar, etc.  Other platforms
are currently defaulting to the whole display until a way is found to
provide this info for all window managers, etc.

\membersection{::wxColourDisplay}\label{wxcolourdisplay}

\func{bool}{wxColourDisplay}{\void}

Returns TRUE if the display is colour, FALSE otherwise.

\membersection{::wxDisplayDepth}\label{wxdisplaydepth}

\func{int}{wxDisplayDepth}{\void}

Returns the depth of the display (a value of 1 denotes a monochrome display).

\membersection{::wxDisplaySize}\label{wxdisplaysize}

\func{void}{wxDisplaySize}{\param{int *}{width}, \param{int *}{height}}

\func{wxSize}{wxGetDisplaySize}{\void}

Returns the display size in pixels.

\membersection{::wxDisplaySizeMM}\label{wxdisplaysizemm}

\func{void}{wxDisplaySizeMM}{\param{int *}{width}, \param{int *}{height}}

\func{wxSize}{wxGetDisplaySizeMM}{\void}

Returns the display size in millimeters.

\membersection{::wxDROP\_ICON}\label{wxdropicon}

\func{wxIconOrCursor}{wxDROP\_ICON}{\param{const char *}{name}}

This macro creates either a cursor (MSW) or an icon (elsewhere) with the given
name. Under MSW, the cursor is loaded from the resource file and the icon is
loaded from XPM file under other platforms.

This macro should be used with
\helpref{wxDropSource constructor}{wxdropsourcewxdropsource}.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/dnd.h>

\membersection{wxICON}\label{wxiconmacro}

\func{}{wxICON}{iconName}

This macro loads an icon from either application resources (on the platforms
for which they exist, i.e. Windows and OS2) or from an XPM file. It allows to
avoid using {\tt \#ifdef}s when creating icons.

\wxheading{See also}

\helpref{Bitmaps and icons overview}{wxbitmapoverview},
\helpref{wxBITMAP}{wxbitmapmacro}

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/gdicmn.h>

\membersection{::wxMakeMetafilePlaceable}\label{wxmakemetafileplaceable}

\func{bool}{wxMakeMetafilePlaceable}{\param{const wxString\& }{filename}, \param{int }{minX}, \param{int }{minY},
 \param{int }{maxX}, \param{int }{maxY}, \param{float }{scale=1.0}}

Given a filename for an existing, valid metafile (as constructed using \helpref{wxMetafileDC}{wxmetafiledc})
makes it into a placeable metafile by prepending a header containing the given
bounding box. The bounding box may be obtained from a device context after drawing
into it, using the functions wxDC::MinX, wxDC::MinY, wxDC::MaxX and wxDC::MaxY.

In addition to adding the placeable metafile header, this function adds
the equivalent of the following code to the start of the metafile data:

\begin{verbatim}
 SetMapMode(dc, MM_ANISOTROPIC);
 SetWindowOrg(dc, minX, minY);
 SetWindowExt(dc, maxX - minX, maxY - minY);
\end{verbatim}

This simulates the wxMM\_TEXT mapping mode, which wxWindows assumes.

Placeable metafiles may be imported by many Windows applications, and can be
used in RTF (Rich Text Format) files.

{\it scale} allows the specification of scale for the metafile.

This function is only available under Windows.

\membersection{::wxSetCursor}\label{wxsetcursor}

\func{void}{wxSetCursor}{\param{wxCursor *}{cursor}}

Globally sets the cursor; only has an effect in Windows and GTK.
See also \helpref{wxCursor}{wxcursor}, \helpref{wxWindow::SetCursor}{wxwindowsetcursor}.

\section{Printer settings}\label{printersettings}

These routines are obsolete and should no longer be used!

The following functions are used to control PostScript printing. Under
Windows, PostScript output can only be sent to a file.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/dcps.h>

\membersection{::wxGetPrinterCommand}\label{wxgetprintercommand}

\func{wxString}{wxGetPrinterCommand}{\void}

Gets the printer command used to print a file. The default is {\tt lpr}.

\membersection{::wxGetPrinterFile}\label{wxgetprinterfile}

\func{wxString}{wxGetPrinterFile}{\void}

Gets the PostScript output filename.

\membersection{::wxGetPrinterMode}\label{wxgetprintermode}

\func{int}{wxGetPrinterMode}{\void}

Gets the printing mode controlling where output is sent (PS\_PREVIEW, PS\_FILE or PS\_PRINTER).
The default is PS\_PREVIEW.

\membersection{::wxGetPrinterOptions}\label{wxgetprinteroptions}

\func{wxString}{wxGetPrinterOptions}{\void}

Gets the additional options for the print command (e.g. specific printer). The default is nothing.

\membersection{::wxGetPrinterOrientation}\label{wxgetprinterorientation}

\func{int}{wxGetPrinterOrientation}{\void}

Gets the orientation (PS\_PORTRAIT or PS\_LANDSCAPE). The default is PS\_PORTRAIT.

\membersection{::wxGetPrinterPreviewCommand}\label{wxgetprinterpreviewcommand}

\func{wxString}{wxGetPrinterPreviewCommand}{\void}

Gets the command used to view a PostScript file. The default depends on the platform.

\membersection{::wxGetPrinterScaling}\label{wxgetprinterscaling}

\func{void}{wxGetPrinterScaling}{\param{float *}{x}, \param{float *}{y}}

Gets the scaling factor for PostScript output. The default is 1.0, 1.0.

\membersection{::wxGetPrinterTranslation}\label{wxgetprintertranslation}

\func{void}{wxGetPrinterTranslation}{\param{float *}{x}, \param{float *}{y}}

Gets the translation (from the top left corner) for PostScript output. The default is 0.0, 0.0.

\membersection{::wxSetPrinterCommand}\label{wxsetprintercommand}

\func{void}{wxSetPrinterCommand}{\param{const wxString\& }{command}}

Sets the printer command used to print a file. The default is {\tt lpr}.

\membersection{::wxSetPrinterFile}\label{wxsetprinterfile}

\func{void}{wxSetPrinterFile}{\param{const wxString\& }{filename}}

Sets the PostScript output filename.

\membersection{::wxSetPrinterMode}\label{wxsetprintermode}

\func{void}{wxSetPrinterMode}{\param{int }{mode}}

Sets the printing mode controlling where output is sent (PS\_PREVIEW, PS\_FILE or PS\_PRINTER).
The default is PS\_PREVIEW.

\membersection{::wxSetPrinterOptions}\label{wxsetprinteroptions}

\func{void}{wxSetPrinterOptions}{\param{const wxString\& }{options}}

Sets the additional options for the print command (e.g. specific printer). The default is nothing.

\membersection{::wxSetPrinterOrientation}\label{wxsetprinterorientation}

\func{void}{wxSetPrinterOrientation}{\param{int}{ orientation}}

Sets the orientation (PS\_PORTRAIT or PS\_LANDSCAPE). The default is PS\_PORTRAIT.

\membersection{::wxSetPrinterPreviewCommand}\label{wxsetprinterpreviewcommand}

\func{void}{wxSetPrinterPreviewCommand}{\param{const wxString\& }{command}}

Sets the command used to view a PostScript file. The default depends on the platform.

\membersection{::wxSetPrinterScaling}\label{wxsetprinterscaling}

\func{void}{wxSetPrinterScaling}{\param{float }{x}, \param{float }{y}}

Sets the scaling factor for PostScript output. The default is 1.0, 1.0.

\membersection{::wxSetPrinterTranslation}\label{wxsetprintertranslation}

\func{void}{wxSetPrinterTranslation}{\param{float }{x}, \param{float }{y}}

Sets the translation (from the top left corner) for PostScript output. The default is 0.0, 0.0.

\section{Clipboard functions}\label{clipsboard}

These clipboard functions are implemented for Windows only. The use of these functions
is deprecated and the code is no longer maintained. Use the \helpref{wxClipboard}{wxclipboard}
class instead.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/clipbrd.h>

\membersection{::wxClipboardOpen}\label{functionwxclipboardopen}

\func{bool}{wxClipboardOpen}{\void}

Returns TRUE if this application has already opened the clipboard.

\membersection{::wxCloseClipboard}\label{wxcloseclipboard}

\func{bool}{wxCloseClipboard}{\void}

Closes the clipboard to allow other applications to use it.

\membersection{::wxEmptyClipboard}\label{wxemptyclipboard}

\func{bool}{wxEmptyClipboard}{\void}

Empties the clipboard.

\membersection{::wxEnumClipboardFormats}\label{wxenumclipboardformats}

\func{int}{wxEnumClipboardFormats}{\param{int}{dataFormat}}

Enumerates the formats found in a list of available formats that belong
to the clipboard. Each call to this  function specifies a known
available format; the function returns the format that appears next in
the list.

{\it dataFormat} specifies a known format. If this parameter is zero,
the function returns the first format in the list.

The return value specifies the next known clipboard data format if the
function is successful. It is zero if the {\it dataFormat} parameter specifies
the last  format in the list of available formats, or if the clipboard
is not open.

Before it enumerates the formats function, an application must open the clipboard by using the
wxOpenClipboard function.

\membersection{::wxGetClipboardData}\label{wxgetclipboarddata}

\func{wxObject *}{wxGetClipboardData}{\param{int}{dataFormat}}

Gets data from the clipboard.

{\it dataFormat} may be one of:

\begin{itemize}\itemsep=0pt
\item wxCF\_TEXT or wxCF\_OEMTEXT: returns a pointer to new memory containing a null-terminated text string.
\item wxCF\_BITMAP: returns a new wxBitmap.
\end{itemize}

The clipboard must have previously been opened for this call to succeed.

\membersection{::wxGetClipboardFormatName}\label{wxgetclipboardformatname}

\func{bool}{wxGetClipboardFormatName}{\param{int}{dataFormat}, \param{const wxString\& }{formatName}, \param{int}{maxCount}}

Gets the name of a registered clipboard format, and puts it into the buffer {\it formatName} which is of maximum
length {\it maxCount}. {\it dataFormat} must not specify a predefined clipboard format.

\membersection{::wxIsClipboardFormatAvailable}\label{wxisclipboardformatavailable}

\func{bool}{wxIsClipboardFormatAvailable}{\param{int}{dataFormat}}

Returns TRUE if the given data format is available on the clipboard.

\membersection{::wxOpenClipboard}\label{wxopenclipboard}

\func{bool}{wxOpenClipboard}{\void}

Opens the clipboard for passing data to it or getting data from it.

\membersection{::wxRegisterClipboardFormat}\label{wxregisterclipboardformat}

\func{int}{wxRegisterClipboardFormat}{\param{const wxString\& }{formatName}}

Registers the clipboard data format name and returns an identifier.

\membersection{::wxSetClipboardData}\label{wxsetclipboarddata}

\func{bool}{wxSetClipboardData}{\param{int}{dataFormat}, \param{wxObject *}{data}, \param{int}{width}, \param{int}{height}}

Passes data to the clipboard.

{\it dataFormat} may be one of:

\begin{itemize}\itemsep=0pt
\item wxCF\_TEXT or wxCF\_OEMTEXT: {\it data} is a null-terminated text string.
\item wxCF\_BITMAP: {\it data} is a wxBitmap.
\item wxCF\_DIB: {\it data} is a wxBitmap. The bitmap is converted to a DIB (device independent bitmap).
\item wxCF\_METAFILE: {\it data} is a wxMetafile. {\it width} and {\it height} are used to give recommended dimensions.
\end{itemize}

The clipboard must have previously been opened for this call to succeed.

\section{Miscellaneous functions}\label{miscellany}

\membersection{::wxNewId}\label{wxnewid}

\func{long}{wxNewId}{\void}

Generates an integer identifier unique to this run of the program.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/utils.h>

\membersection{::wxRegisterId}\label{wxregisterid}

\func{void}{wxRegisterId}{\param{long}{ id}}

Ensures that ids subsequently generated by {\bf NewId} do not clash with
the given {\bf id}.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/utils.h>

\membersection{::wxDDECleanUp}\label{wxddecleanup}

\func{void}{wxDDECleanUp}{\void}

Called when wxWindows exits, to clean up the DDE system. This no longer needs to be
called by the application.

See also \helpref{wxDDEInitialize}{wxddeinitialize}.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/dde.h>

\membersection{::wxDDEInitialize}\label{wxddeinitialize}

\func{void}{wxDDEInitialize}{\void}

Initializes the DDE system. May be called multiple times without harm.

This no longer needs to be called by the application: it will be called
by wxWindows if necessary.

See also \helpref{wxDDEServer}{wxddeserver}, \helpref{wxDDEClient}{wxddeclient}, \helpref{wxDDEConnection}{wxddeconnection},
\helpref{wxDDECleanUp}{wxddecleanup}.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/dde.h>

\membersection{::wxEnableTopLevelWindows}\label{wxenabletoplevelwindows}

\func{void}{wxEnableTopLevelWindow}{\param{bool}{ enable = TRUE}}

This function enables or disables all top level windows. It is used by
\helpref{::wxSafeYield}{wxsafeyield}.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/utils.h>

\membersection{::wxFindMenuItemId}\label{wxfindmenuitemid}

\func{int}{wxFindMenuItemId}{\param{wxFrame *}{frame}, \param{const wxString\& }{menuString}, \param{const wxString\& }{itemString}}

Find a menu item identifier associated with the given frame's menu bar.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/utils.h>

\membersection{::wxFindWindowByLabel}\label{wxfindwindowbylabel}

\func{wxWindow *}{wxFindWindowByLabel}{\param{const wxString\& }{label}, \param{wxWindow *}{parent=NULL}}

Find a window by its label. Depending on the type of window, the label may be a window title
or panel item label. If {\it parent} is NULL, the search will start from all top-level
frames and dialog boxes; if non-NULL, the search will be limited to the given window hierarchy.
The search is recursive in both cases.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/utils.h>

\membersection{::wxFindWindowByName}\label{wxfindwindowbyname}

\func{wxWindow *}{wxFindWindowByName}{\param{const wxString\& }{name}, \param{wxWindow *}{parent=NULL}}

Find a window by its name (as given in a window constructor or {\bf Create} function call).
If {\it parent} is NULL, the search will start from all top-level
frames and dialog boxes; if non-NULL, the search will be limited to the given window hierarchy.
The search is recursive in both cases.

If no such named window is found, {\bf wxFindWindowByLabel} is called.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/utils.h>

\membersection{::wxFindWindowAtPoint}\label{wxfindwindowatpoint}

\func{wxWindow *}{wxFindWindowAtPoint}{\param{const wxPoint\& }{pt}}

Find the deepest window at the given mouse position in screen coordinates,
returning the window if found, or NULL if not.

\membersection{::wxFindWindowAtPointer}\label{wxfindwindowatpointer}

\func{wxWindow *}{wxFindWindowAtPointer}{\param{wxPoint\& }{pt}}

Find the deepest window at the mouse pointer position, returning the window
and current pointer position in screen coordinates.

\membersection{::wxGetActiveWindow}\label{wxgetactivewindow}

\func{wxWindow *}{wxGetActiveWindow}{\void}

Gets the currently active window (Windows only).

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/windows.h>

\membersection{::wxGetDisplayName}\label{wxgetdisplayname}

\func{wxString}{wxGetDisplayName}{\void}

Under X only, returns the current display name. See also \helpref{wxSetDisplayName}{wxsetdisplayname}.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/utils.h>

\membersection{::wxGetMousePosition}\label{wxgetmouseposition}

\func{wxPoint}{wxGetMousePosition}{\void}

Returns the mouse position in screen coordinates.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/utils.h>

\membersection{::wxGetResource}\label{wxgetresource}

\func{bool}{wxGetResource}{\param{const wxString\& }{section}, \param{const wxString\& }{entry},
 \param{const wxString\& *}{value}, \param{const wxString\& }{file = NULL}}

\func{bool}{wxGetResource}{\param{const wxString\& }{section}, \param{const wxString\& }{entry},
 \param{float *}{value}, \param{const wxString\& }{file = NULL}}

\func{bool}{wxGetResource}{\param{const wxString\& }{section}, \param{const wxString\& }{entry},
 \param{long *}{value}, \param{const wxString\& }{file = NULL}}

\func{bool}{wxGetResource}{\param{const wxString\& }{section}, \param{const wxString\& }{entry},
 \param{int *}{value}, \param{const wxString\& }{file = NULL}}

Gets a resource value from the resource database (for example, WIN.INI, or
.Xdefaults). If {\it file} is NULL, WIN.INI or .Xdefaults is used,
otherwise the specified file is used.

Under X, if an application class (wxApp::GetClassName) has been defined,
it is appended to the string /usr/lib/X11/app-defaults/ to try to find
an applications default file when merging all resource databases.

The reason for passing the result in an argument is that it
can be convenient to define a default value, which gets overridden
if the value exists in the resource file. It saves a separate
test for that resource's existence, and it also allows
the overloading of the function for different types.

See also \helpref{wxWriteResource}{wxwriteresource}, \helpref{wxConfigBase}{wxconfigbase}.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/utils.h>

\membersection{::wxGetTopLevelParent}\label{wxgettoplevelparent}

\func{wxWindow *}{wxGetTopLevelParent}{\param{wxWindow }{*win}}

Returns the first top level parent of the given window, or in other words, the
frame or dialog containing it, or {\tt NULL}.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/window.h>

\membersection{::wxLoadUserResource}\label{wxloaduserresource}

\func{wxString}{wxLoadUserResource}{\param{const wxString\& }{resourceName}, \param{const wxString\& }{resourceType=``TEXT"}}

Loads a user-defined Windows resource as a string. If the resource is found, the function creates
a new character array and copies the data into it. A pointer to this data is returned. If unsuccessful, NULL is returned.

The resource must be defined in the {\tt .rc} file using the following syntax:

\begin{verbatim}
myResource TEXT file.ext
\end{verbatim}

where {\tt file.ext} is a file that the resource compiler can find.

One use of this is to store {\tt .wxr} files instead of including the data in the C++ file; some compilers
cannot cope with the long strings in a {\tt .wxr} file. The resource data can then be parsed
using \helpref{wxResourceParseString}{wxresourceparsestring}.

This function is available under Windows only.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/utils.h>

\membersection{::wxPostDelete}\label{wxpostdelete}

\func{void}{wxPostDelete}{\param{wxObject *}{object}}

Tells the system to delete the specified object when
all other events have been processed. In some environments, it is
necessary to use this instead of deleting a frame directly with the
delete operator, because some GUIs will still send events to a deleted window.

Now obsolete: use \helpref{wxWindow::Close}{wxwindowclose} instead.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/utils.h>

\membersection{::wxPostEvent}\label{wxpostevent}

\func{void}{wxPostEvent}{\param{wxEvtHandler *}{dest}, \param{wxEvent\& }{event}}

In a GUI application, this function posts {\it event} to the specified {\it dest}
object using \helpref{wxEvtHandler::AddPendingEvent}{wxevthandleraddpendingevent}.
Otherwise, it dispatches {\it event} immediately using
\helpref{wxEvtHandler::ProcessEvent}{wxevthandlerprocessevent}.
See the respective documentation for details (and caveats).

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/app.h>

\membersection{::wxSetDisplayName}\label{wxsetdisplayname}

\func{void}{wxSetDisplayName}{\param{const wxString\& }{displayName}}

Under X only, sets the current display name. This is the X host and display name such
as ``colonsay:0.0", and the function indicates which display should be used for creating
windows from this point on. Setting the display within an application allows multiple
displays to be used.

See also \helpref{wxGetDisplayName}{wxgetdisplayname}.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/utils.h>

\membersection{::wxStripMenuCodes}\label{wxstripmenucodes}

\func{wxString}{wxStripMenuCodes}{\param{const wxString\& }{in}}

\func{void}{wxStripMenuCodes}{\param{char *}{in}, \param{char *}{out}}

This function is obsolete, please use 
\helpref{wxMenuItem::GetLabelFromText}{wxmenuitemgetlabelfromtext} instead.

Strips any menu codes from {\it in} and places the result
in {\it out} (or returns the new string, in the first form).

Menu codes include \& (mark the next character with an underline
as a keyboard shortkey in Windows and Motif) and $\backslash$t (tab in Windows).

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/utils.h>

\membersection{::wxWriteResource}\label{wxwriteresource}

\func{bool}{wxWriteResource}{\param{const wxString\& }{section}, \param{const wxString\& }{entry},
 \param{const wxString\& }{value}, \param{const wxString\& }{file = NULL}}

\func{bool}{wxWriteResource}{\param{const wxString\& }{section}, \param{const wxString\& }{entry},
 \param{float }{value}, \param{const wxString\& }{file = NULL}}

\func{bool}{wxWriteResource}{\param{const wxString\& }{section}, \param{const wxString\& }{entry},
 \param{long }{value}, \param{const wxString\& }{file = NULL}}

\func{bool}{wxWriteResource}{\param{const wxString\& }{section}, \param{const wxString\& }{entry},
 \param{int }{value}, \param{const wxString\& }{file = NULL}}

Writes a resource value into the resource database (for example, WIN.INI, or
.Xdefaults). If {\it file} is NULL, WIN.INI or .Xdefaults is used,
otherwise the specified file is used.

Under X, the resource databases are cached until the internal function
\rtfsp{\bf wxFlushResources} is called automatically on exit, when
all updated resource databases are written to their files.

Note that it is considered bad manners to write to the .Xdefaults
file under Unix, although the WIN.INI file is fair game under Windows.

See also \helpref{wxGetResource}{wxgetresource}, \helpref{wxConfigBase}{wxconfigbase}.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/utils.h>

\section{Byte order macros}\label{byteordermacros}

The endian-ness issues (that is the difference between big-endian and
little-endian architectures) are important for the portable programs working
with the external binary data (for example, data files or data coming from
network) which is usually in some fixed, platform-independent format. The
macros are helpful for transforming the data to the correct format.

\membersection{wxINTXX\_SWAP\_ALWAYS}\label{intswapalways}

\func{wxInt32}{wxINT32\_SWAP\_ALWAYS}{\param{wxInt32 }{value}}

\func{wxUint32}{wxUINT32\_SWAP\_ALWAYS}{\param{wxUint32 }{value}}

\func{wxInt16}{wxINT16\_SWAP\_ALWAYS}{\param{wxInt16 }{value}}

\func{wxUint16}{wxUINT16\_SWAP\_ALWAYS}{\param{wxUint16 }{value}}

These macros will swap the bytes of the {\it value} variable from little
endian to big endian or vice versa unconditionally, i.e. independently of the
current platform.

\membersection{wxINTXX\_SWAP\_ON\_BE}\label{intswaponbe}

\func{wxInt32}{wxINT32\_SWAP\_ON\_BE}{\param{wxInt32 }{value}}

\func{wxUint32}{wxUINT32\_SWAP\_ON\_BE}{\param{wxUint32 }{value}}

\func{wxInt16}{wxINT16\_SWAP\_ON\_BE}{\param{wxInt16 }{value}}

\func{wxUint16}{wxUINT16\_SWAP\_ON\_BE}{\param{wxUint16 }{value}}

This macro will swap the bytes of the {\it value} variable from little
endian to big endian or vice versa if the program is compiled on a
big-endian architecture (such as Sun work stations). If the program has
been compiled on a little-endian architecture, the value will be unchanged.

Use these macros to read data from and write data to a file that stores
data in little-endian (for example Intel i386) format.

\membersection{wxINTXX\_SWAP\_ON\_LE}\label{intswaponle}

\func{wxInt32}{wxINT32\_SWAP\_ON\_LE}{\param{wxInt32 }{value}}

\func{wxUint32}{wxUINT32\_SWAP\_ON\_LE}{\param{wxUint32 }{value}}

\func{wxInt16}{wxINT16\_SWAP\_ON\_LE}{\param{wxInt16 }{value}}

\func{wxUint16}{wxUINT16\_SWAP\_ON\_LE}{\param{wxUint16 }{value}}

This macro will swap the bytes of the {\it value} variable from little
endian to big endian or vice versa if the program is compiled on a
little-endian architecture (such as Intel PCs). If the program has
been compiled on a big-endian architecture, the value will be unchanged.

Use these macros to read data from and write data to a file that stores
data in big-endian format.

\section{RTTI functions}\label{rttimacros}

wxWindows uses its own RTTI ("run-time type identification") system which
predates the current standard C++ RTTI and so is kept for backwards
compatribility reasons but also because it allows some things which the
standard RTTI doesn't directly support (such as creating a class from its
name).

The standard C++ RTTI can be used in the user code without any problems and in
general you shouldn't need to use the functions and the macros in this section
unless you are thinking of modifying or adding any wxWindows classes.

\wxheading{See also}

\helpref{RTTI overview}{runtimeclassoverview}

\membersection{CLASSINFO}\label{classinfo}

\func{wxClassInfo *}{CLASSINFO}{className}

Returns a pointer to the wxClassInfo object associated with this class.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/object.h>

\membersection{DECLARE\_ABSTRACT\_CLASS}\label{declareabstractclass}

\func{}{DECLARE\_ABSTRACT\_CLASS}{className}

Used inside a class declaration to declare that the class should be
made known to the class hierarchy, but objects of this class cannot be created
dynamically. The same as DECLARE\_CLASS.

Example:

\begin{verbatim}
class wxCommand: public wxObject
{
  DECLARE_ABSTRACT_CLASS(wxCommand)

 private:
  ...
 public:
  ...
};
\end{verbatim}

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/object.h>

\membersection{DECLARE\_APP}\label{declareapp}

\func{}{DECLARE\_APP}{className}

This is used in headers to create a forward declaration of the wxGetApp function implemented
by IMPLEMENT\_APP. It creates the declaration {\tt className\& wxGetApp(void)}.

Example:

\begin{verbatim}
  DECLARE_APP(MyApp)
\end{verbatim}

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/app.h>

\membersection{DECLARE\_CLASS}\label{declareclass}

\func{}{DECLARE\_CLASS}{className}

Used inside a class declaration to declare that the class should be
made known to the class hierarchy, but objects of this class cannot be created
dynamically. The same as DECLARE\_ABSTRACT\_CLASS.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/object.h>

\membersection{DECLARE\_DYNAMIC\_CLASS}\label{declaredynamicclass}

\func{}{DECLARE\_DYNAMIC\_CLASS}{className}

Used inside a class declaration to declare that the objects of this class should be dynamically
creatable from run-time type information.

Example:

\begin{verbatim}
class wxFrame: public wxWindow
{
  DECLARE_DYNAMIC_CLASS(wxFrame)

 private:
  const wxString\& frameTitle;
 public:
  ...
};
\end{verbatim}

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/object.h>

\membersection{IMPLEMENT\_ABSTRACT\_CLASS}\label{implementabstractclass}

\func{}{IMPLEMENT\_ABSTRACT\_CLASS}{className, baseClassName}

Used in a C++ implementation file to complete the declaration of
a class that has run-time type information. The same as IMPLEMENT\_CLASS.

Example:

\begin{verbatim}
IMPLEMENT_ABSTRACT_CLASS(wxCommand, wxObject)

wxCommand::wxCommand(void)
{
...
}
\end{verbatim}

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/object.h>

\membersection{IMPLEMENT\_ABSTRACT\_CLASS2}\label{implementabstractclass2}

\func{}{IMPLEMENT\_ABSTRACT\_CLASS2}{className, baseClassName1, baseClassName2}

Used in a C++ implementation file to complete the declaration of
a class that has run-time type information and two base classes. The same as IMPLEMENT\_CLASS2.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/object.h>

\membersection{IMPLEMENT\_APP}\label{implementapp}

\func{}{IMPLEMENT\_APP}{className}

This is used in the application class implementation file to make the application class known to
wxWindows for dynamic construction. You use this instead of

Old form:

\begin{verbatim}
  MyApp myApp;
\end{verbatim}

New form:

\begin{verbatim}
  IMPLEMENT_APP(MyApp)
\end{verbatim}

See also \helpref{DECLARE\_APP}{declareapp}.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/app.h>

\membersection{IMPLEMENT\_CLASS}\label{implementclass}

\func{}{IMPLEMENT\_CLASS}{className, baseClassName}

Used in a C++ implementation file to complete the declaration of
a class that has run-time type information. The same as IMPLEMENT\_ABSTRACT\_CLASS.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/object.h>

\membersection{IMPLEMENT\_CLASS2}\label{implementclass2}

\func{}{IMPLEMENT\_CLASS2}{className, baseClassName1, baseClassName2}

Used in a C++ implementation file to complete the declaration of a
class that has run-time type information and two base classes. The
same as IMPLEMENT\_ABSTRACT\_CLASS2.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/object.h>

\membersection{IMPLEMENT\_DYNAMIC\_CLASS}\label{implementdynamicclass}

\func{}{IMPLEMENT\_DYNAMIC\_CLASS}{className, baseClassName}

Used in a C++ implementation file to complete the declaration of
a class that has run-time type information, and whose instances
can be created dynamically.

Example:

\begin{verbatim}
IMPLEMENT_DYNAMIC_CLASS(wxFrame, wxWindow)

wxFrame::wxFrame(void)
{
...
}
\end{verbatim}

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/object.h>

\membersection{IMPLEMENT\_DYNAMIC\_CLASS2}\label{implementdynamicclass2}

\func{}{IMPLEMENT\_DYNAMIC\_CLASS2}{className, baseClassName1, baseClassName2}

Used in a C++ implementation file to complete the declaration of
a class that has run-time type information, and whose instances
can be created dynamically. Use this for classes derived from two
base classes.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/object.h>

\membersection{wxConstCast}\label{wxconstcast}

\func{classname *}{wxConstCast}{ptr, classname}

This macro expands into {\tt const\_cast<classname *>(ptr)} if the compiler
supports {\it const\_cast} or into an old, C-style cast, otherwise.

\wxheading{See also}

\helpref{wxDynamicCast}{wxdynamiccast}\\
\helpref{wxStaticCast}{wxstaticcast}

\membersection{::wxCreateDynamicObject}\label{wxcreatedynamicobject}

\func{wxObject *}{wxCreateDynamicObject}{\param{const wxString\& }{className}}

Creates and returns an object of the given class, if the class has been
registered with the dynamic class system using DECLARE... and IMPLEMENT... macros.

\membersection{WXDEBUG\_NEW}\label{debugnew}

\func{}{WXDEBUG\_NEW}{arg}

This is defined in debug mode to be call the redefined new operator
with filename and line number arguments. The definition is:

\begin{verbatim}
#define WXDEBUG_NEW new(__FILE__,__LINE__)
\end{verbatim}

In non-debug mode, this is defined as the normal new operator.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/object.h>

\membersection{wxDynamicCast}\label{wxdynamiccast}

\func{classname *}{wxDynamicCast}{ptr, classname}

This macro returns the pointer {\it ptr} cast to the type {\it classname *} if
the pointer is of this type (the check is done during the run-time) or
{\tt NULL} otherwise. Usage of this macro is preferred over obsoleted
wxObject::IsKindOf() function.

The {\it ptr} argument may be {\tt NULL}, in which case {\tt NULL} will be
returned.

Example:

\begin{verbatim}
    wxWindow *win = wxWindow::FindFocus();
    wxTextCtrl *text = wxDynamicCast(win, wxTextCtrl);
    if ( text )
    {
        // a text control has the focus...
    }
    else
    {
        // no window has the focus or it is not a text control
    }
\end{verbatim}

\wxheading{See also}

\helpref{RTTI overview}{runtimeclassoverview}\\
\helpref{wxDynamicCastThis}{wxdynamiccastthis}\\
\helpref{wxConstCast}{wxconstcast}\\
\helpref{wxStatiicCast}{wxstaticcast}

\membersection{wxDynamicCastThis}\label{wxdynamiccastthis}

\func{classname *}{wxDynamicCastThis}{classname}

This macro is equivalent to {\tt wxDynamicCast(this, classname)} but the
latter provokes spurious compilation warnings from some compilers (because it
tests whether {\tt this} pointer is non {\tt NULL} which is always true), so
this macro should be used to avoid them.

\wxheading{See also}

\helpref{wxDynamicCast}{wxdynamiccast}

\membersection{wxStaticCast}\label{wxstaticcast}

\func{classname *}{wxStaticCast}{ptr, classname}

This macro checks that the cast is valid in debug mode (an assert failure will
result if {\tt wxDynamicCast(ptr, classname) == NULL}) and then returns the
result of executing an equivalent of {\tt static\_cast<classname *>(ptr)}.

\helpref{wxDynamicCast}{wxdynamiccast}\\
\helpref{wxConstCast}{wxconstcast}

\section{Resource functions}\label{resourcefuncs}

\overview{Resource functions}{resourceformats}

This section details functions for manipulating wxWindows (.WXR) resource
files and loading user interface elements from resources.

\normalbox{Please note that this use of the word `resource' is different from that used when talking
about initialisation file resource reading and writing, using such functions
as wxWriteResource and wxGetResource. It is just an unfortunate clash of terminology.}

\helponly{For an overview of the wxWindows resource mechanism, see \helpref{the wxWindows resource system}{resourceformats}.}

See also \helpref{wxWindow::LoadFromResource}{wxwindowloadfromresource} for
loading from resource data.

\membersection{::wxResourceAddIdentifier}\label{wxresourceaddidentifier}

\func{bool}{wxResourceAddIdentifier}{\param{const wxString\& }{name}, \param{int }{value}}

Used for associating a name with an integer identifier (equivalent to dynamically\rtfsp
\tt{#}defining a name to an integer). Unlikely to be used by an application except
perhaps for implementing resource functionality for interpreted languages.

\membersection{::wxResourceClear}\label{wxresourceclear}

\func{void}{wxResourceClear}{\void}

Clears the wxWindows resource table.

\membersection{::wxResourceCreateBitmap}\label{wxresourcecreatebitmap}

\func{wxBitmap *}{wxResourceCreateBitmap}{\param{const wxString\& }{resource}}

Creates a new bitmap from a file, static data, or Windows resource, given a valid
wxWindows bitmap resource identifier. For example, if the .WXR file contains
the following:

\begin{verbatim}
static const wxString\& project_resource = "bitmap(name = 'project_resource',\
  bitmap = ['project', wxBITMAP_TYPE_BMP_RESOURCE, 'WINDOWS'],\
  bitmap = ['project.xpm', wxBITMAP_TYPE_XPM, 'X']).";
\end{verbatim}

then this function can be called as follows:

\begin{verbatim}
  wxBitmap *bitmap  = wxResourceCreateBitmap("project_resource");
\end{verbatim}

\membersection{::wxResourceCreateIcon}\label{wxresourcecreateicon}

\func{wxIcon *}{wxResourceCreateIcon}{\param{const wxString\& }{resource}}

Creates a new icon from a file, static data, or Windows resource, given a valid
wxWindows icon resource identifier. For example, if the .WXR file contains
the following:

\begin{verbatim}
static const wxString\& project_resource = "icon(name = 'project_resource',\
  icon = ['project', wxBITMAP_TYPE_ICO_RESOURCE, 'WINDOWS'],\
  icon = ['project', wxBITMAP_TYPE_XBM_DATA, 'X']).";
\end{verbatim}

then this function can be called as follows:

\begin{verbatim}
  wxIcon *icon = wxResourceCreateIcon("project_resource");
\end{verbatim}

\membersection{::wxResourceCreateMenuBar}\label{wxresourcecreatemenubar}

\func{wxMenuBar *}{wxResourceCreateMenuBar}{\param{const wxString\& }{resource}}

Creates a new menu bar given a valid wxWindows menubar resource
identifier. For example, if the .WXR file contains the following:

\begin{verbatim}
static const wxString\& menuBar11 = "menu(name = 'menuBar11',\
  menu = \
  [\
    ['&File', 1, '', \
      ['&Open File', 2, 'Open a file'],\
      ['&Save File', 3, 'Save a file'],\
      [],\
      ['E&xit', 4, 'Exit program']\
    ],\
    ['&Help', 5, '', \
      ['&About', 6, 'About this program']\
    ]\
  ]).";
\end{verbatim}

then this function can be called as follows:

\begin{verbatim}
  wxMenuBar *menuBar = wxResourceCreateMenuBar("menuBar11");
\end{verbatim}


\membersection{::wxResourceGetIdentifier}\label{wxresourcegetidentifier}

\func{int}{wxResourceGetIdentifier}{\param{const wxString\& }{name}}

Used for retrieving the integer value associated with an identifier.
A zero value indicates that the identifier was not found.

See \helpref{wxResourceAddIdentifier}{wxresourceaddidentifier}.

\membersection{::wxResourceParseData}\label{wxresourcedata}

\func{bool}{wxResourceParseData}{\param{const wxString\& }{resource}, \param{wxResourceTable *}{table = NULL}}

Parses a string containing one or more wxWindows resource objects. If
the resource objects are global static data that are included into the
C++ program, then this function must be called for each variable
containing the resource data, to make it known to wxWindows.

{\it resource} should contain data in the following form:

\begin{verbatim}
dialog(name = 'dialog1',
  style = 'wxCAPTION | wxDEFAULT_DIALOG_STYLE',
  title = 'Test dialog box',
  x = 312, y = 234, width = 400, height = 300,
  modal = 0,
  control = [1000, wxStaticBox, 'Groupbox', '0', 'group6', 5, 4, 380, 262,
      [11, 'wxSWISS', 'wxNORMAL', 'wxNORMAL', 0]],
  control = [1001, wxTextCtrl, '', 'wxTE_MULTILINE', 'text3',
      156, 126, 200, 70, 'wxWindows is a multi-platform, GUI toolkit.',
      [11, 'wxSWISS', 'wxNORMAL', 'wxNORMAL', 0],
      [11, 'wxSWISS', 'wxNORMAL', 'wxNORMAL', 0]]).
\end{verbatim}

This function will typically be used after including a {\tt .wxr} file into
a C++ program as follows:

\begin{verbatim}
#include "dialog1.wxr"
\end{verbatim}

Each of the contained resources will declare a new C++ variable, and each
of these variables should be passed to wxResourceParseData.

\membersection{::wxResourceParseFile}\label{wxresourceparsefile}

\func{bool}{wxResourceParseFile}{\param{const wxString\& }{filename}, \param{wxResourceTable *}{table = NULL}}

Parses a file containing one or more wxWindows resource objects
in C++-compatible syntax. Use this function to dynamically load
wxWindows resource data.

\membersection{::wxResourceParseString}\label{wxresourceparsestring}

\func{bool}{wxResourceParseString}{\param{char *}{s}, \param{wxResourceTable *}{table = NULL}}

Parses a string containing one or more wxWindows resource objects. If
the resource objects are global static data that are included into the
C++ program, then this function must be called for each variable
containing the resource data, to make it known to wxWindows.

{\it resource} should contain data with the following form:

\begin{verbatim}
dialog(name = 'dialog1',
  style = 'wxCAPTION | wxDEFAULT_DIALOG_STYLE',
  title = 'Test dialog box',
  x = 312, y = 234, width = 400, height = 300,
  modal = 0,
  control = [1000, wxStaticBox, 'Groupbox', '0', 'group6', 5, 4, 380, 262,
      [11, 'wxSWISS', 'wxNORMAL', 'wxNORMAL', 0]],
  control = [1001, wxTextCtrl, '', 'wxTE_MULTILINE', 'text3',
      156, 126, 200, 70, 'wxWindows is a multi-platform, GUI toolkit.',
      [11, 'wxSWISS', 'wxNORMAL', 'wxNORMAL', 0],
      [11, 'wxSWISS', 'wxNORMAL', 'wxNORMAL', 0]]).
\end{verbatim}

This function will typically be used after calling \helpref{wxLoadUserResource}{wxloaduserresource} to
load an entire {\tt .wxr file} into a string.

\membersection{::wxResourceRegisterBitmapData}\label{registerbitmapdata}

\func{bool}{wxResourceRegisterBitmapData}{\param{const wxString\& }{name}, \param{char *}{xbm\_data}, \param{int }{width},
\param{int }{height}, \param{wxResourceTable *}{table = NULL}}

\func{bool}{wxResourceRegisterBitmapData}{\param{const wxString\& }{name}, \param{char **}{xpm\_data}}

Makes \tt{#}included XBM or XPM bitmap data known to the wxWindows resource system.
This is required if other resources will use the bitmap data, since otherwise there
is no connection between names used in resources, and the global bitmap data.

\membersection{::wxResourceRegisterIconData}\label{wxresourceregistericondata}

Another name for \helpref{wxResourceRegisterBitmapData}{registerbitmapdata}.

\section{Log functions}\label{logfunctions}

These functions provide a variety of logging functions: see \helpref{Log classes overview}{wxlogoverview} for
further information. The functions use (implicitly) the currently active log
target, so their descriptions here may not apply if the log target is not the
standard one (installed by wxWindows in the beginning of the program).

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/log.h>

\membersection{::wxDebugMsg}\label{wxdebugmsg}

\func{void}{wxDebugMsg}{\param{const wxString\& }{fmt}, \param{...}{}}

{\bf This function is deprecated, use \helpref{wxLogDebug}{wxlogdebug} instead!}

Display a debugging message; under Windows, this will appear on the
debugger command window, and under Unix, it will be written to standard
error.

The syntax is identical to {\bf printf}: pass a format string and a
variable list of arguments.

{\bf Tip:} under Windows, if your application crashes before the
message appears in the debugging window, put a wxYield call after
each wxDebugMsg call. wxDebugMsg seems to be broken under WIN32s
(at least for Watcom C++): preformat your messages and use OutputDebugString
instead.

This function is now obsolete, replaced by \helpref{Log functions}{logfunctions}.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/utils.h>

\membersection{::wxError}\label{wxerror}

\func{void}{wxError}{\param{const wxString\& }{msg}, \param{const wxString\& }{title = "wxWindows Internal Error"}}

This function is now obsolete, please use \helpref{wxLogError}{wxlogerror} 
instead.

Displays {\it msg} and continues. This writes to standard error under
Unix, and pops up a message box under Windows. Used for internal
wxWindows errors. See also \helpref{wxFatalError}{wxfatalerror}.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/utils.h>

\membersection{::wxFatalError}\label{wxfatalerror}

\func{void}{wxFatalError}{\param{const wxString\& }{msg}, \param{const wxString\& }{title = "wxWindows Fatal Error"}}

This function is now obsolete, please use 
\helpref{wxLogFatalError}{wxlogfatalerror} instead.

Displays {\it msg} and exits. This writes to standard error under Unix,
and pops up a message box under Windows. Used for fatal internal
wxWindows errors. See also \helpref{wxError}{wxerror}.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/utils.h>

\membersection{::wxLogError}\label{wxlogerror}

\func{void}{wxLogError}{\param{const char *}{formatString}, \param{...}{}}

\func{void}{wxVLogError}{\param{const char *}{formatString}, \param{va\_list }{argPtr}}

The functions to use for error messages, i.e. the messages that must be shown
to the user. The default processing is to pop up a message box to inform the
user about it.

\membersection{::wxLogFatalError}\label{wxlogfatalerror}

\func{void}{wxLogFatalError}{\param{const char *}{formatString}, \param{...}{}}

\func{void}{wxVLogFatalError}{\param{const char *}{formatString}, \param{va\_list }{argPtr}}

Like \helpref{wxLogError}{wxlogerror}, but also
terminates the program with the exit code 3. Using {\it abort()} standard
function also terminates the program with this exit code.

\membersection{::wxLogWarning}\label{wxlogwarning}

\func{void}{wxLogWarning}{\param{const char *}{formatString}, \param{...}{}}

\func{void}{wxVLogWarning}{\param{const char *}{formatString}, \param{va\_list }{argPtr}}

For warnings - they are also normally shown to the user, but don't interrupt
the program work.

\membersection{::wxLogMessage}\label{wxlogmessage}

\func{void}{wxLogMessage}{\param{const char *}{formatString}, \param{...}{}}

\func{void}{wxVLogMessage}{\param{const char *}{formatString}, \param{va\_list }{argPtr}}

For all normal, informational messages. They also appear in a message box by
default (but it can be changed). Notice that the standard behaviour is to not
show informational messages if there are any errors later - the logic being
that the later error messages make the informational messages preceding them
meaningless.

\membersection{::wxLogVerbose}\label{wxlogverbose}

\func{void}{wxLogVerbose}{\param{const char *}{formatString}, \param{...}{}}

\func{void}{wxVLogVerbose}{\param{const char *}{formatString}, \param{va\_list }{argPtr}}

For verbose output. Normally, it is suppressed, but
might be activated if the user wishes to know more details about the program
progress (another, but possibly confusing name for the same function is {\bf wxLogInfo}).

\membersection{::wxLogStatus}\label{wxlogstatus}

\func{void}{wxLogStatus}{\param{wxFrame *}{frame}, \param{const char *}{formatString}, \param{...}{}}

\func{void}{wxVLogStatus}{\param{wxFrame *}{frame}, \param{const char *}{formatString}, \param{va\_list }{argPtr}}

\func{void}{wxLogStatus}{\param{const char *}{formatString}, \param{...}{}}

\func{void}{wxVLogStatus}{\param{const char *}{formatString}, \param{va\_list }{argPtr}}

Messages logged by these functions will appear in the statusbar of the {\it
frame} or of the top level application window by default (i.e. when using
the second version of the functions).

If the target frame doesn't have a statusbar, the message will be lost.

\membersection{::wxLogSysError}\label{wxlogsyserror}

\func{void}{wxLogSysError}{\param{const char *}{formatString}, \param{...}{}}

\func{void}{wxVLogSysError}{\param{const char *}{formatString}, \param{va\_list }{argPtr}}

Mostly used by wxWindows itself, but might be handy for logging errors after
system call (API function) failure. It logs the specified message text as well
as the last system error code ({\it errno} or {\it ::GetLastError()} depending
on the platform) and the corresponding error message. The second form
of this function takes the error code explicitly as the first argument.

\wxheading{See also}

\helpref{wxSysErrorCode}{wxsyserrorcode},
\helpref{wxSysErrorMsg}{wxsyserrormsg}

\membersection{::wxLogDebug}\label{wxlogdebug}

\func{void}{wxLogDebug}{\param{const char *}{formatString}, \param{...}{}}

\func{void}{wxVLogDebug}{\param{const char *}{formatString}, \param{va\_list }{argPtr}}

The right functions for debug output. They only do something in debug
mode (when the preprocessor symbol \_\_WXDEBUG\_\_ is defined) and expand to
nothing in release mode (otherwise).

\membersection{::wxLogTrace}\label{wxlogtrace}

\func{void}{wxLogTrace}{\param{const char *}{formatString}, \param{...}{}}

\func{void}{wxVLogTrace}{\param{const char *}{formatString}, \param{va\_list }{argPtr}}

\func{void}{wxLogTrace}{\param{const char *}{mask}, \param{const char *}{formatString}, \param{...}{}}

\func{void}{wxVLogTrace}{\param{const char *}{mask}, \param{const char *}{formatString}, \param{va\_list }{argPtr}}

\func{void}{wxLogTrace}{\param{wxTraceMask}{ mask}, \param{const char *}{formatString}, \param{...}{}}

\func{void}{wxVLogTrace}{\param{wxTraceMask}{ mask}, \param{const char *}{formatString}, \param{va\_list }{argPtr}}

As {\bf wxLogDebug}, trace functions only do something in debug build and
expand to nothing in the release one. The reason for making
it a separate function from it is that usually there are a lot of trace
messages, so it might make sense to separate them from other debug messages.

The trace messages also usually can be separated into different categories and
the second and third versions of this function only log the message if the
{\it mask} which it has is currently enabled in \helpref{wxLog}{wxlog}. This
allows to selectively trace only some operations and not others by changing
the value of the trace mask (possible during the run-time).

For the second function (taking a string mask), the message is logged only if
the mask has been previously enabled by the call to
\helpref{AddTraceMask}{wxlogaddtracemask}. The predefined string trace masks
used by wxWindows are:

\begin{itemize}\itemsep=0pt
\item wxTRACE\_MemAlloc: trace memory allocation (new/delete)
\item wxTRACE\_Messages: trace window messages/X callbacks
\item wxTRACE\_ResAlloc: trace GDI resource allocation
\item wxTRACE\_RefCount: trace various ref counting operations
\item wxTRACE\_OleCalls: trace OLE method calls (Win32 only)
\end{itemize}

The third version of the function only logs the message if all the bit
corresponding to the {\it mask} are set in the wxLog trace mask which can be
set by \helpref{SetTraceMask}{wxlogsettracemask}. This version is less
flexible than the previous one because it doesn't allow defining the user
trace masks easily - this is why it is deprecated in favour of using string
trace masks.

\begin{itemize}\itemsep=0pt
\item wxTraceMemAlloc: trace memory allocation (new/delete)
\item wxTraceMessages: trace window messages/X callbacks
\item wxTraceResAlloc: trace GDI resource allocation
\item wxTraceRefCount: trace various ref counting operations
\item wxTraceOleCalls: trace OLE method calls (Win32 only)
\end{itemize}

\membersection{::wxSysErrorCode}\label{wxsyserrorcode}

\func{unsigned long}{wxSysErrorCode}{\void}

Returns the error code from the last system call. This function uses
{\tt errno} on Unix platforms and {\tt GetLastError} under Win32.

\wxheading{See also}

\helpref{wxSysErrorMsg}{wxsyserrormsg},
\helpref{wxLogSysError}{wxlogsyserror}

\membersection{::wxSysErrorMsg}\label{wxsyserrormsg}

\func{const wxChar *}{wxSysErrorMsg}{\param{unsigned long }{errCode = 0}}

Returns the error message corresponding to the given system error code. If
{\it errCode} is $0$ (default), the last error code (as returned by
\helpref{wxSysErrorCode}{wxsyserrorcode}) is used.

\wxheading{See also}

\helpref{wxSysErrorCode}{wxsyserrorcode},
\helpref{wxLogSysError}{wxlogsyserror}

\membersection{WXTRACE}\label{trace}

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/object.h>

\func{}{WXTRACE}{formatString, ...}

Calls wxTrace with printf-style variable argument syntax. Output
is directed to the current output stream (see \helpref{wxDebugContext}{wxdebugcontextoverview}).

This macro is now obsolete, replaced by \helpref{Log functions}{logfunctions}.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/memory.h>

\membersection{WXTRACELEVEL}\label{tracelevel}

\func{}{WXTRACELEVEL}{level, formatString, ...}

Calls wxTraceLevel with printf-style variable argument syntax. Output
is directed to the current output stream (see \helpref{wxDebugContext}{wxdebugcontextoverview}).
The first argument should be the level at which this information is appropriate.
It will only be output if the level returned by wxDebugContext::GetLevel is equal to or greater than
this value.

This function is now obsolete, replaced by \helpref{Log functions}{logfunctions}.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/memory.h>

\membersection{::wxTrace}\label{wxtrace}

\func{void}{wxTrace}{\param{const wxString\& }{fmt}, \param{...}{}}

Takes printf-style variable argument syntax. Output
is directed to the current output stream (see \helpref{wxDebugContext}{wxdebugcontextoverview}).

This function is now obsolete, replaced by \helpref{Log functions}{logfunctions}.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/memory.h>

\membersection{::wxTraceLevel}\label{wxtracelevel}

\func{void}{wxTraceLevel}{\param{int}{ level}, \param{const wxString\& }{fmt}, \param{...}{}}

Takes printf-style variable argument syntax. Output
is directed to the current output stream (see \helpref{wxDebugContext}{wxdebugcontextoverview}).
The first argument should be the level at which this information is appropriate.
It will only be output if the level returned by wxDebugContext::GetLevel is equal to or greater than
this value.

This function is now obsolete, replaced by \helpref{Log functions}{logfunctions}.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/memory.h>

\section{Time functions}\label{timefunctions}

The functions in this section deal with getting the current time and
starting/stopping the global timers. Please note that the timer functions are
deprecated because they work with one global timer only and
\helpref{wxTimer}{wxtimer} and/or \helpref{wxStopWatch}{wxstopwatch} classes
should be used instead. For retrieving the current time, you may also use
\helpref{wxDateTime::Now}{wxdatetimenow} or
\helpref{wxDateTime::UNow}{wxdatetimeunow} methods.

\membersection{::wxGetElapsedTime}\label{wxgetelapsedtime}

\func{long}{wxGetElapsedTime}{\param{bool}{ resetTimer = TRUE}}

Gets the time in milliseconds since the last \helpref{::wxStartTimer}{wxstarttimer}.

If {\it resetTimer} is TRUE (the default), the timer is reset to zero
by this call.

See also \helpref{wxTimer}{wxtimer}.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/timer.h>

\membersection{::wxGetLocalTime}\label{wxgetlocaltime}

\func{long}{wxGetLocalTime}{\void}

Returns the number of seconds since local time 00:00:00 Jan 1st 1970.

\wxheading{See also}

\helpref{wxDateTime::Now}{wxdatetimenow}

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/timer.h>

\membersection{::wxGetLocalTimeMillis}\label{wxgetlocaltimemillis}

\func{wxLongLone}{wxGetLocalTimeMillis}{\void}

Returns the number of milliseconds since local time 00:00:00 Jan 1st 1970.

\wxheading{See also}

\helpref{wxDateTime::Now}{wxdatetimenow},\\
\helpref{wxLongLone}{wxlonglong}

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/timer.h>

\membersection{::wxGetUTCTime}\label{wxgetutctime}

\func{long}{wxGetUTCTime}{\void}

Returns the number of seconds since GMT 00:00:00 Jan 1st 1970.

\wxheading{See also}

\helpref{wxDateTime::Now}{wxdatetimenow}

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/timer.h>

\membersection{::wxNow}\label{wxnow}

\func{wxString}{wxNow}{\void}

Returns a string representing the current date and time.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/utils.h>

\membersection{::wxSleep}\label{wxsleep}

\func{void}{wxSleep}{\param{int}{ secs}}

Sleeps for the specified number of seconds.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/utils.h>

\membersection{::wxStartTimer}\label{wxstarttimer}

\func{void}{wxStartTimer}{\void}

Starts a stopwatch; use \helpref{::wxGetElapsedTime}{wxgetelapsedtime} to get the elapsed time.

See also \helpref{wxTimer}{wxtimer}.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/timer.h>

\membersection{::wxUsleep}\label{wxusleep}

\func{void}{wxUsleep}{\param{unsigned long}{ milliseconds}}

Sleeps for the specified number of milliseconds. Notice that usage of this
function is encouraged instead of calling usleep(3) directly because the
standard usleep() function is not MT safe.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/utils.h>

\section{Debugging macros and functions}\label{debugmacros}

Useful macros and functions for error checking and defensive programming.
wxWindows defines three families of the assert-like macros:
the wxASSERT and wxFAIL macros only do anything if \_\_WXDEBUG\_\_ is defined
(in other words, in the debug build) but disappear completely in the release
build. On the other hand, the wxCHECK macros stay event in release builds but a
check failure doesn't generate any user-visible effects then. Finally, the
compile time assertions don't happen during the run-time but result in the
compilation error messages if the condition they check fail.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/debug.h>

\membersection{::wxOnAssert}\label{wxonassert}

\func{void}{wxOnAssert}{\param{const char *}{fileName}, \param{int}{ lineNumber}, \param{const char *}{msg = NULL}}

This function is called whenever one of debugging macros fails (i.e. condition
is false in an assertion). It is only defined in the debug mode, in release
builds the \helpref{wxCHECK}{wxcheck} failures don't result in anything.

To override the default behaviour in the debug builds which is to show the user
a dialog asking whether he wants to abort the program, continue or continue
ignoring any subsequent assert failures, you may override 
\helpref{wxApp::OnAssert}{wxapponassert} which is called by this function if
the global application object exists.

\membersection{wxASSERT}\label{wxassert}

\func{}{wxASSERT}{\param{}{condition}}

Assert macro. An error message will be generated if the condition is FALSE in
debug mode, but nothing will be done in the release build.

Please note that the condition in wxASSERT() should have no side effects
because it will not be executed in release mode at all.

\wxheading{See also}

\helpref{wxASSERT\_MSG}{wxassertmsg},\\
\helpref{wxCOMPILE\_TIME\_ASSERT}{wxcompiletimeassert}

\membersection{wxASSERT\_MIN\_BITSIZE}\label{wxassertminbitsize}

\func{}{wxASSERT\_MIN\_BITSIZE}{\param{}{type}, \param{}{size}}

This macro results in a 
\helpref{compile time assertion failure}{wxcompiletimeassert} if the size
of the given type {\it type} is less than {\it size} bits.

You may use it like this, for example:

\begin{verbatim}
    // we rely on the int being able to hold values up to 2^32
    wxASSERT_MIN_BITSIZE(int, 32);

    // can't work with the platforms using UTF-8 for wchar_t
    wxASSERT_MIN_BITSIZE(wchar_t, 16);
\end{verbatim}

\membersection{wxASSERT\_MSG}\label{wxassertmsg}

\func{}{wxASSERT\_MSG}{\param{}{condition}, \param{}{msg}}

Assert macro with message. An error message will be generated if the condition is FALSE.

\wxheading{See also}

\helpref{wxASSERT}{wxassert},\\
\helpref{wxCOMPILE\_TIME\_ASSERT}{wxcompiletimeassert}

\membersection{wxCOMPILE\_TIME\_ASSERT}\label{wxcompiletimeassert}

\func{}{wxCOMPILE\_TIME\_ASSERT}{\param{}{condition}, \param{}{msg}}

Using {\tt wxCOMPILE\_TIME\_ASSERT} results in a compilation error if the
specified {\it condition} is false. The compiler error message should include
the {\it msg} identifier - please note that it must be a valid C++ identifier
and not a string unlike in the other cases.

This macro is mostly useful for testing the expressions involing the 
{\tt sizeof} operator as they can't be tested by the preprocessor but it is
sometimes desirable to test them at the compile time.

Note that this macro internally declares a struct whose name it tries to make
unique by using the {\tt \_\_LINE\_\_} in it but it may still not work if you
use it on the same line in two different source files. In this case you may
either change the line in which either of them appears on or use the 
\helpref{wxCOMPILE\_TIME\_ASSERT2}{wxcompiletimeassert2} macro.

\wxheading{See also}

\helpref{wxASSERT\_MSG}{wxassertmsg},\\
\helpref{wxASSERT\_MIN\_BITSIZE}{wxassertminbitsize}

\membersection{wxCOMPILE\_TIME\_ASSERT2}\label{wxcompiletimeassert2}

\func{}{wxCOMPILE\_TIME\_ASSERT}{\param{}{condition}, \param{}{msg}, \param{}{name}}

This macro is identical to \helpref{wxCOMPILE\_TIME\_ASSERT2}{wxcompiletimeassert2} 
except that it allows you to specify a unique {\it name} for the struct
internally defined by this macro to avoid getting the compilation errors
described \helpref{above}{wxcompiletimeassert}.

\membersection{wxFAIL}\label{wxfail}

\func{}{wxFAIL}{\void}

Will always generate an assert error if this code is reached (in debug mode).

See also: \helpref{wxFAIL\_MSG}{wxfailmsg}

\membersection{wxFAIL\_MSG}\label{wxfailmsg}

\func{}{wxFAIL\_MSG}{\param{}{msg}}

Will always generate an assert error with specified message if this code is reached (in debug mode).

This macro is useful for marking unreachable" code areas, for example
it may be used in the "default:" branch of a switch statement if all possible
cases are processed above.

\wxheading{See also}

\helpref{wxFAIL}{wxfail}

\membersection{wxCHECK}\label{wxcheck}

\func{}{wxCHECK}{\param{}{condition}, \param{}{retValue}}

Checks that the condition is true, returns with the given return value if not (FAILs in debug mode).
This check is done even in release mode.

\membersection{wxCHECK\_MSG}\label{wxcheckmsg}

\func{}{wxCHECK\_MSG}{\param{}{condition}, \param{}{retValue}, \param{}{msg}}

Checks that the condition is true, returns with the given return value if not (FAILs in debug mode).
This check is done even in release mode.

This macro may be only used in non void functions, see also
\helpref{wxCHECK\_RET}{wxcheckret}.

\membersection{wxCHECK\_RET}\label{wxcheckret}

\func{}{wxCHECK\_RET}{\param{}{condition}, \param{}{msg}}

Checks that the condition is true, and returns if not (FAILs with given error
message in debug mode). This check is done even in release mode.

This macro should be used in void functions instead of
\helpref{wxCHECK\_MSG}{wxcheckmsg}.

\membersection{wxCHECK2}\label{wxcheck2}

\func{}{wxCHECK2}{\param{}{condition}, \param{}{operation}}

Checks that the condition is true and \helpref{wxFAIL}{wxfail} and execute
{\it operation} if it is not. This is a generalisation of
\helpref{wxCHECK}{wxcheck} and may be used when something else than just
returning from the function must be done when the {\it condition} is false.

This check is done even in release mode.

\membersection{wxCHECK2\_MSG}\label{wxcheck2msg}

\func{}{wxCHECK2}{\param{}{condition}, \param{}{operation}, \param{}{msg}}

This is the same as \helpref{wxCHECK2}{wxcheck2}, but
\helpref{wxFAIL\_MSG}{wxfailmsg} with the specified {\it msg} is called
instead of wxFAIL() if the {\it condition} is false.

\membersection{::wxTrap}\label{wxtrap}

\func{void}{wxTrap}{\void}

In debug mode (when {\tt \_\_WXDEBUG\_\_} is defined) this function generates a
debugger exception meaning that the control is passed to the debugger if one is
attached to the process. Otherwise the program just terminates abnormally.

In release mode this function does nothing.

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/debug.h>

\section{Environment access functions}\label{environfunctions}

The functions in this section allow to access (get) or change value of
environment variables in a portable way. They are currently implemented under
Win32 and POSIX-like systems (Unix).

% TODO add some stuff about env var inheriting but not propagating upwards (VZ)

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/utils.h>

\membersection{wxGetenv}\label{wxgetenvmacro}

\func{wxChar *}{wxGetEnv}{\param{const wxString\&}{ var}}

This is a macro defined as {\tt getenv()} or its wide char version in Unicode
mode.

Note that under Win32 it may not return correct value for the variables set
with \helpref{wxSetEnv}{wxsetenv}, use \helpref{wxGetEnv}{wxgetenv} function
instead.

\membersection{wxGetEnv}\label{wxgetenv}

\func{bool}{wxGetEnv}{\param{const wxString\&}{ var}, \param{wxString *}{value}}

Returns the current value of the environment variable {\it var} in {\it value}.
{\it value} may be {\tt NULL} if you just want to know if the variable exists
and are not interested in its value.

Returns {\tt TRUE} if the variable exists, {\tt FALSE} otherwise.

\membersection{wxSetEnv}\label{wxsetenv}

\func{bool}{wxSetEnv}{\param{const wxString\&}{ var}, \param{const wxChar *}{value}}

Sets the value of the environment variable {\it var} (adding it if necessary)
to {\it value}.

Returns {\tt TRUE} on success.

\membersection{wxUnsetEnv}\label{wxunsetenv}

\func{bool}{wxUnsetEnv}{\param{const wxString\&}{ var}}

Removes the variable {\it var} from the environment.
\helpref{wxGetEnv}{wxgetenv} will return {\tt NULL} after the call to this
function.

Returns {\tt TRUE} on success.