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1 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
2 // Name: app.h
3 // Purpose: interface of wxApp
4 // Author: wxWidgets team
5 // RCS-ID: $Id$
6 // Licence: wxWindows license
7 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
8
9 /**
10 @class wxApp
11 @wxheader{app.h}
12
13 The wxApp class represents the application itself. It is used to:
14
15 @li set and get application-wide properties;
16 @li implement the windowing system message or event loop;
17 @li initiate application processing via wxApp::OnInit;
18 @li allow default processing of events not handled by other
19 objects in the application.
20
21 You should use the macro IMPLEMENT_APP(appClass) in your application
22 implementation file to tell wxWidgets how to create an instance of your
23 application class.
24
25 Use DECLARE_APP(appClass) in a header file if you want the wxGetApp function
26 (which returns a reference to your application object) to be visible to other
27 files.
28
29 @library{wxbase}
30 @category{appmanagement}
31
32 @see @ref overview_app
33 */
34 class wxApp : public wxEvtHandler
35 {
36 public:
37 /**
38 Constructor. Called implicitly with a definition of a wxApp object.
39 */
40 wxApp();
41
42 /**
43 Destructor. Will be called implicitly on program exit if the wxApp
44 object is created on the stack.
45 */
46 ~wxApp();
47
48 /**
49 Creates a wxLog class for the application to use for logging errors.
50 The default implementation returns a new wxLogGui class.
51
52 @see wxLog
53 */
54 virtual wxLog* CreateLogTarget();
55
56 /**
57 Creates the wxAppTraits object when GetTraits() needs it for the first time.
58
59 @see wxAppTraits
60 */
61 virtual wxAppTraits* CreateTraits();
62
63 /**
64 Dispatches the next event in the windowing system event queue.
65 This can be used for programming event loops, e.g.
66
67 @code
68 while (app.Pending())
69 Dispatch();
70 @endcode
71
72 @see Pending()
73 */
74 virtual void Dispatch();
75
76 /**
77 Call this to explicitly exit the main message (event) loop.
78 You should normally exit the main loop (and the application) by deleting
79 the top window.
80 */
81 virtual void ExitMainLoop();
82
83 /**
84 This function is called before processing any event and allows the application
85 to preempt the processing of some events.
86
87 If this method returns -1 the event is processed normally, otherwise either
88 @true or @false should be returned and the event processing stops immediately
89 considering that the event had been already processed (for the former return
90 value) or that it is not going to be processed at all (for the latter one).
91 */
92 int FilterEvent(wxEvent& event);
93
94 /**
95 Returns the user-readable application name.
96
97 The difference between this string and the one returned by GetAppName() is that
98 this one is meant to be shown to the user and so should be used for the window
99 titles, page headers and so on while the other one should be only used internally,
100 e.g. for the file names or configuration file keys.
101 By default, returns the same string as GetAppName().
102
103 @wxsince{2.9.0}
104 */
105 wxString GetAppDisplayName() const;
106
107 /**
108 Returns the application name.
109
110 @remarks wxWidgets sets this to a reasonable default before calling
111 OnInit(), but the application can reset it at will.
112
113 @see GetAppDisplayName()
114 */
115 wxString GetAppName() const;
116
117 /**
118 Gets the class name of the application. The class name may be used in a
119 platform specific manner to refer to the application.
120
121 @see SetClassName()
122 */
123 wxString GetClassName() const;
124
125 /**
126 Returns @true if the application will exit when the top-level window is
127 deleted, @false otherwise.
128
129 @see SetExitOnFrameDelete(), @ref overview_app_shutdown
130 */
131 bool GetExitOnFrameDelete() const;
132
133 /**
134 Returns the one and only global application object.
135 Usually ::wxTheApp is usead instead.
136
137 @see SetInstance()
138 */
139 static wxAppConsole* GetInstance();
140
141 /**
142 Returns a pointer to the top window.
143
144 @remarks If the top window hasn't been set using SetTopWindow(),
145 this function will find the first top-level window
146 (frame or dialog) and return that.
147
148 @see SetTopWindow()
149 */
150 virtual wxWindow* GetTopWindow() const;
151
152 /**
153 Returns a pointer to the wxAppTraits object for the application.
154 If you want to customize the wxAppTraits object, you must override the
155 CreateTraits() function.
156 */
157 wxAppTraits* GetTraits();
158
159 /**
160 Returns @true if the application will use the best visual on systems that support
161 different visuals, @false otherwise.
162
163 @see SetUseBestVisual()
164 */
165 bool GetUseBestVisual() const;
166
167 /**
168 Returns the user-readable vendor name. The difference between this string
169 and the one returned by GetVendorName() is that this one is meant to be shown
170 to the user and so should be used for the window titles, page headers and so on
171 while the other one should be only used internally, e.g. for the file names or
172 configuration file keys.
173
174 By default, returns the same string as GetVendorName().
175
176 @wxsince{2.9.0}
177 */
178 wxString GetVendorDisplayName() const;
179
180 /**
181 Returns the application's vendor name.
182 */
183 wxString GetVendorName() const;
184
185 /**
186 This function simply invokes the given method @a func of the specified
187 event handler @a handler with the @a event as parameter. It exists solely
188 to allow to catch the C++ exceptions which could be thrown by all event
189 handlers in the application in one place: if you want to do this, override
190 this function in your wxApp-derived class and add try/catch clause(s) to it.
191 */
192 virtual void HandleEvent(wxEvtHandler handler,
193 wxEventFunction func,
194 wxEvent& event) const;
195
196 /**
197 Returns @true if the application is active, i.e. if one of its windows is
198 currently in the foreground.
199
200 If this function returns @false and you need to attract users attention to
201 the application, you may use wxTopLevelWindow::RequestUserAttention to do it.
202 */
203 bool IsActive() const;
204
205 /**
206 Returns @true if the main event loop is currently running, i.e. if the
207 application is inside OnRun().
208
209 This can be useful to test whether events can be dispatched. For example,
210 if this function returns @false, non-blocking sockets cannot be used because
211 the events from them would never be processed.
212 */
213 static bool IsMainLoopRunning();
214
215 /**
216 Mac specific. Called in response of an "open-application" Apple event.
217 Override this to create a new document in your app.
218 */
219 void MacNewFile();
220
221 /**
222 Mac specific. Called in response of an "open-document" Apple event.
223
224 You need to override this method in order to open a document file after the
225 user double clicked on it or if the document file was dropped on either the
226 running application or the application icon in Finder.
227 */
228 void MacOpenFile(const wxString& fileName);
229
230 /**
231 Mac specific. Called in response of a "get-url" Apple event.
232 */
233 void MacOpenURL(const wxString& url);
234
235 /**
236 Mac specific. Called in response of a "print-document" Apple event.
237 */
238 void MacPrintFile(const wxString& fileName);
239
240 /**
241 Mac specific. Called in response of a "reopen-application" Apple event.
242 */
243 void MacReopenApp();
244
245 /**
246 Called by wxWidgets on creation of the application. Override this if you wish
247 to provide your own (environment-dependent) main loop.
248
249 @returns Returns 0 under X, and the wParam of the WM_QUIT message under
250 Windows.
251 */
252 virtual int MainLoop();
253
254 /**
255 This function is called when an assert failure occurs, i.e. the condition
256 specified in wxASSERT() macro evaluated to @false.
257
258 It is only called in debug mode (when @c __WXDEBUG__ is defined) as
259 asserts are not left in the release code at all.
260 The base class version shows the default assert failure dialog box proposing to
261 the user to stop the program, continue or ignore all subsequent asserts.
262
263 @param file
264 the name of the source file where the assert occurred
265 @param line
266 the line number in this file where the assert occurred
267 @param func
268 the name of the function where the assert occurred, may be
269 empty if the compiler doesn't support C99 __FUNCTION__
270 @param cond
271 the condition of the failed assert in text form
272 @param msg
273 the message specified as argument to wxASSERT_MSG or wxFAIL_MSG, will
274 be @NULL if just wxASSERT or wxFAIL was used
275 */
276 void OnAssertFailure(const wxChar file, int line,
277 const wxChar func,
278 const wxChar cond,
279 const wxChar msg);
280
281 /**
282 Called when command line parsing fails (i.e. an incorrect command line option
283 was specified by the user). The default behaviour is to show the program usage
284 text and abort the program.
285
286 Return @true to continue normal execution or @false to return
287 @false from OnInit() thus terminating the program.
288
289 @see OnInitCmdLine()
290 */
291 bool OnCmdLineError(wxCmdLineParser& parser);
292
293 /**
294 Called when the help option (@c --help) was specified on the command line.
295 The default behaviour is to show the program usage text and abort the program.
296
297 Return @true to continue normal execution or @false to return
298 @false from OnInit() thus terminating the program.
299
300 @see OnInitCmdLine()
301 */
302 bool OnCmdLineHelp(wxCmdLineParser& parser);
303
304 /**
305 Called after the command line had been successfully parsed. You may override
306 this method to test for the values of the various parameters which could be
307 set from the command line.
308
309 Don't forget to call the base class version unless you want to suppress
310 processing of the standard command line options.
311 Return @true to continue normal execution or @false to return @false from
312 OnInit() thus terminating the program.
313
314 @see OnInitCmdLine()
315 */
316 bool OnCmdLineParsed(wxCmdLineParser& parser);
317
318 /**
319 This function is called if an unhandled exception occurs inside the main
320 application event loop. It can return @true to ignore the exception and to
321 continue running the loop or @false to exit the loop and terminate the
322 program. In the latter case it can also use C++ @c throw keyword to
323 rethrow the current exception.
324
325 The default behaviour of this function is the latter in all ports except under
326 Windows where a dialog is shown to the user which allows him to choose between
327 the different options. You may override this function in your class to do
328 something more appropriate.
329
330 Finally note that if the exception is rethrown from here, it can be caught in
331 OnUnhandledException().
332 */
333 virtual bool OnExceptionInMainLoop();
334
335 /**
336 Override this member function for any processing which needs to be
337 done as the application is about to exit. OnExit is called after
338 destroying all application windows and controls, but before
339 wxWidgets cleanup. Note that it is not called at all if
340 OnInit() failed.
341
342 The return value of this function is currently ignored, return the same
343 value as returned by the base class method if you override it.
344 */
345 virtual int OnExit();
346
347 /**
348 This function may be called if something fatal happens: an unhandled
349 exception under Win32 or a a fatal signal under Unix, for example. However,
350 this will not happen by default: you have to explicitly call
351 wxHandleFatalExceptions() to enable this.
352
353 Generally speaking, this function should only show a message to the user and
354 return. You may attempt to save unsaved data but this is not guaranteed to
355 work and, in fact, probably won't.
356
357 @see wxHandleFatalExceptions()
358 */
359 void OnFatalException();
360
361 /**
362 This must be provided by the application, and will usually create the
363 application's main window, optionally calling SetTopWindow().
364
365 You may use OnExit() to clean up anything initialized here, provided
366 that the function returns @true.
367
368 Notice that if you want to to use the command line processing provided by
369 wxWidgets you have to call the base class version in the derived class
370 OnInit().
371
372 Return @true to continue processing, @false to exit the application
373 immediately.
374 */
375 bool OnInit();
376
377 /**
378 Called from OnInit() and may be used to initialize the parser with the
379 command line options for this application. The base class versions adds
380 support for a few standard options only.
381 */
382 void OnInitCmdLine(wxCmdLineParser& parser);
383
384 /**
385 This virtual function is where the execution of a program written in wxWidgets
386 starts. The default implementation just enters the main loop and starts
387 handling the events until it terminates, either because ExitMainLoop() has
388 been explicitly called or because the last frame has been deleted and
389 GetExitOnFrameDelete() flag is @true (this is the default).
390
391 The return value of this function becomes the exit code of the program, so it
392 should return 0 in case of successful termination.
393 */
394 virtual int OnRun();
395
396 /**
397 This function is called when an unhandled C++ exception occurs inside
398 OnRun() (the exceptions which occur during the program startup and shutdown
399 might not be caught at all). Notice that by now the main event loop has been
400 terminated and the program will exit, if you want to prevent this from happening
401 (i.e. continue running after catching an exception) you need to override
402 OnExceptionInMainLoop().
403
404 The default implementation shows information about the exception in debug build
405 but does nothing in the release build.
406 */
407 virtual void OnUnhandledException();
408
409 /**
410 Returns @true if unprocessed events are in the window system event queue.
411
412 @see Dispatch()
413 */
414 virtual bool Pending();
415
416 /**
417 Windows-only function for processing a message. This function is called
418 from the main message loop, checking for windows that may wish to process it.
419
420 The function returns @true if the message was processed, @false otherwise.
421 If you use wxWidgets with another class library with its own message loop,
422 you should make sure that this function is called to allow wxWidgets to
423 receive messages. For example, to allow co-existence with the Microsoft
424 Foundation Classes, override the PreTranslateMessage function:
425
426 @code
427 // Provide wxWidgets message loop compatibility
428 BOOL CTheApp::PreTranslateMessage(MSG *msg)
429 {
430 if (wxTheApp && wxTheApp->ProcessMessage((WXMSW *)msg))
431 return true;
432 else
433 return CWinApp::PreTranslateMessage(msg);
434 }
435 @endcode
436 */
437 bool ProcessMessage(WXMSG* msg);
438
439 /**
440 Sends idle events to a window and its children.
441 Please note that this function is internal to wxWidgets and shouldn't be used
442 by user code.
443
444 @remarks These functions poll the top-level windows, and their children,
445 for idle event processing. If @true is returned, more OnIdle
446 processing is requested by one or more window.
447
448 @see wxIdleEvent
449 */
450 bool SendIdleEvents(wxWindow* win, wxIdleEvent& event);
451
452 /**
453 Set the application name to be used in the user-visible places such as window
454 titles. See GetAppDisplayName() for more about the differences between the
455 display name and name.
456 */
457 void SetAppDisplayName(const wxString& name);
458
459 /**
460 Sets the name of the application. This name should be used for file names,
461 configuration file entries and other internal strings. For the user-visible
462 strings, such as the window titles, the application display name set by
463 SetAppDisplayName() is used instead.
464
465 By default the application name is set to the name of its executable file.
466
467 @see GetAppName()
468 */
469 void SetAppName(const wxString& name);
470
471 /**
472 Sets the class name of the application. This may be used in a platform specific
473 manner to refer to the application.
474
475 @see GetClassName()
476 */
477 void SetClassName(const wxString& name);
478
479 /**
480 Allows the programmer to specify whether the application will exit when the
481 top-level frame is deleted.
482
483 @param flag
484 If @true (the default), the application will exit when the top-level frame
485 is deleted. If @false, the application will continue to run.
486
487 @see GetExitOnFrameDelete(), @ref overview_app_shutdown
488 */
489 void SetExitOnFrameDelete(bool flag);
490
491 /**
492 Allows external code to modify global ::wxTheApp, but you should really
493 know what you're doing if you call it.
494
495 @param app
496 Replacement for the global application object.
497
498 @see GetInstance()
499 */
500 static void SetInstance(wxAppConsole* app);
501
502 /**
503 Allows runtime switching of the UI environment theme.
504
505 Currently implemented for wxGTK2-only.
506 Return @true if theme was successfully changed.
507
508 @param theme
509 The name of the new theme or an absolute path to a gtkrc-theme-file
510 */
511 bool SetNativeTheme(const wxString& theme);
512
513 /**
514 Sets the 'top' window. You can call this from within OnInit() to let wxWidgets
515 know which is the main window. You don't have to set the top window;
516 it is only a convenience so that (for example) certain dialogs without parents
517 can use a specific window as the top window. If no top window is specified by the
518 application, wxWidgets just uses the first frame or dialog in its top-level window
519 list, when it needs to use the top window.
520
521 @param window
522 The new top window.
523
524 @see GetTopWindow(), OnInit()
525 */
526 void SetTopWindow(wxWindow* window);
527
528 /**
529 Allows the programmer to specify whether the application will use the best
530 visual on systems that support several visual on the same display. This is typically
531 the case under Solaris and IRIX, where the default visual is only 8-bit whereas
532 certain applications are supposed to run in TrueColour mode.
533
534 Note that this function has to be called in the constructor of the wxApp
535 instance and won't have any effect when called later on.
536 This function currently only has effect under GTK.
537
538 @param flag
539 If @true, the app will use the best visual.
540 @param forceTrueColour
541 If @true then the application will try to force using a TrueColour
542 visual and abort the app if none is found.
543 */
544 void SetUseBestVisual(bool flag, bool forceTrueColour = false);
545
546 /**
547 Set the vendor name to be used in the user-visible places.
548 See GetVendorDisplayName() for more about the differences between the
549 display name and name.
550 */
551 void SetVendorDisplayName(const wxString& name);
552
553 /**
554 Sets the name of application's vendor. The name will be used
555 in registry access. A default name is set by wxWidgets.
556
557 @see GetVendorName()
558 */
559 void SetVendorName(const wxString& name);
560
561 /**
562 Yields control to pending messages in the windowing system.
563
564 This can be useful, for example, when a time-consuming process writes to a
565 text window. Without an occasional yield, the text window will not be updated
566 properly, and on systems with cooperative multitasking, such as Windows 3.1
567 other processes will not respond.
568
569 Caution should be exercised, however, since yielding may allow the
570 user to perform actions which are not compatible with the current task.
571 Disabling menu items or whole menus during processing can avoid unwanted
572 reentrance of code: see ::wxSafeYield for a better function.
573
574 Note that Yield() will not flush the message logs. This is intentional as
575 calling Yield() is usually done to quickly update the screen and popping up
576 a message box dialog may be undesirable. If you do wish to flush the log
577 messages immediately (otherwise it will be done during the next idle loop
578 iteration), call wxLog::FlushActive.
579
580 Calling Yield() recursively is normally an error and an assert failure is
581 raised in debug build if such situation is detected. However if the
582 @a onlyIfNeeded parameter is @true, the method will just silently
583 return @false instead.
584 */
585 bool Yield(bool onlyIfNeeded = false);
586
587 /**
588 Number of command line arguments (after environment-specific processing).
589 */
590 int argc;
591
592 /**
593 Command line arguments (after environment-specific processing).
594
595 Under Windows and Linux/Unix, you should parse the command line
596 arguments and check for files to be opened when starting your
597 application. Under OS X, you need to override MacOpenFile()
598 since command line arguments are used differently there.
599
600 You may use the wxCmdLineParser to parse command line arguments.
601 */
602 wxChar** argv;
603 };
604
605
606
607 // ============================================================================
608 // Global functions/macros
609 // ============================================================================
610
611 /**
612 The global pointer to the singleton wxApp object.
613
614 @see wxApp::GetInstance()
615 */
616 wxApp *wxTheApp;
617
618
619
620 /** @ingroup group_funcmacro_rtti */
621 //@{
622
623 /**
624 This is used in headers to create a forward declaration of the wxGetApp()
625 function implemented by IMPLEMENT_APP().
626
627 It creates the declaration @a className wxGetApp(void).
628
629 @header{wx/app.h}
630
631 Example:
632
633 @code
634 DECLARE_APP(MyApp)
635 @endcode
636 */
637 #define DECLARE_APP( className )
638
639 /**
640 This is used in the application class implementation file to make the
641 application class known to wxWidgets for dynamic construction.
642
643 @header{wx/app.h}
644
645 Example:
646
647 @code
648 IMPLEMENT_APP(MyApp)
649 @endcode
650
651 @see DECLARE_APP().
652 */
653 #define IMPLEMENT_APP( className )
654
655 //@}
656
657
658
659 /** @ingroup group_funcmacro_appinitterm */
660 //@{
661
662 /**
663 This function doesn't exist in wxWidgets but it is created by using
664 the IMPLEMENT_APP() macro.
665
666 Thus, before using it anywhere but in the same module where this macro is
667 used, you must make it available using DECLARE_APP().
668
669 The advantage of using this function compared to directly using the global
670 wxTheApp pointer is that the latter is of type wxApp* and so wouldn't
671 allow you to access the functions specific to your application class but not
672 present in wxApp while wxGetApp() returns the object of the right type.
673 */
674 wxAppDerivedClass wxGetApp();
675
676 /**
677 If @a doIt is @true, the fatal exceptions (also known as general protection
678 faults under Windows or segmentation violations in the Unix world) will be
679 caught and passed to wxApp::OnFatalException.
680
681 By default, i.e. before this function is called, they will be handled in the
682 normal way which usually just means that the application will be terminated.
683 Calling wxHandleFatalExceptions() with @a doIt equal to @false will restore
684 this default behaviour.
685
686 Notice that this function is only available if @c wxUSE_ON_FATAL_EXCEPTION is 1
687 and under Windows platform this requires a compiler with support for SEH
688 (structured exception handling) which currently means only Microsoft Visual C++
689 or a recent Borland C++ version.
690 */
691 bool wxHandleFatalExceptions(bool doIt = true);
692
693
694 /**
695 This function is used in wxBase only and only if you don't create
696 wxApp object at all. In this case you must call it from your
697 @c main() function before calling any other wxWidgets functions.
698
699 If the function returns @false the initialization could not be performed,
700 in this case the library cannot be used and wxUninitialize() shouldn't be
701 called neither.
702
703 This function may be called several times but wxUninitialize() must be
704 called for each successful call to this function.
705 */
706 bool wxInitialize();
707
708 /**
709 This function is for use in console (wxBase) programs only. It must be called
710 once for each previous successful call to wxInitialize().
711 */
712 void wxUninitialize();
713
714 /**
715 Calls wxApp::Yield.
716
717 @deprecated
718 This function is kept only for backwards compatibility. Please use
719 the wxApp::Yield method instead in any new code.
720 */
721 bool wxYield();
722
723 /**
724 This function is similar to wxYield, except that it disables the user input to
725 all program windows before calling wxYield and re-enables it again
726 afterwards. If @a win is not @NULL, this window will remain enabled,
727 allowing the implementation of some limited user interaction.
728 Returns the result of the call to ::wxYield.
729 */
730 bool wxSafeYield(wxWindow* win = NULL, bool onlyIfNeeded = false);
731
732 /**
733 This function initializes wxWidgets in a platform-dependent way. Use this if you
734 are not using the default wxWidgets entry code (e.g. main or WinMain).
735
736 For example, you can initialize wxWidgets from an Microsoft Foundation Classes
737 (MFC) application using this function.
738
739 @note This overload of wxEntry is available under all platforms.
740
741 @see wxEntryStart()
742 */
743 int wxEntry(int& argc, wxChar** argv);
744
745 /**
746 See wxEntry(int&,wxChar**) for more info about this function.
747
748 Notice that under Windows CE platform, and only there, the type of @a pCmdLine
749 is @c wchar_t *, otherwise it is @c char *, even in Unicode build.
750
751 @remarks To clean up wxWidgets, call wxApp::OnExit followed by the static
752 function wxApp::CleanUp. For example, if exiting from an MFC application
753 that also uses wxWidgets:
754 @code
755 int CTheApp::ExitInstance()
756 {
757 // OnExit isn't called by CleanUp so must be called explicitly.
758 wxTheApp->OnExit();
759 wxApp::CleanUp();
760
761 return CWinApp::ExitInstance();
762 }
763 @endcode
764
765 */
766 int wxEntry(HINSTANCE hInstance,
767 HINSTANCE hPrevInstance = NULL,
768 char* pCmdLine = NULL,
769 int nCmdShow = SW_SHOWNORMAL);
770
771 //@}
772
773
774
775 /** @ingroup group_funcmacro_procctrl */
776 //@{
777
778 /**
779 Exits application after calling wxApp::OnExit.
780
781 Should only be used in an emergency: normally the top-level frame
782 should be deleted (after deleting all other frames) to terminate the
783 application. See wxCloseEvent and wxApp.
784 */
785 void wxExit();
786
787 //@}
788