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1 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
2 // Name: threadpsx.cpp
3 // Purpose: wxThread (Posix) Implementation
4 // Author: Original from Wolfram Gloger/Guilhem Lavaux
5 // Modified by:
6 // Created: 04/22/98
7 // RCS-ID: $Id$
8 // Copyright: (c) Wolfram Gloger (1996, 1997)
9 // Guilhem Lavaux (1998)
10 // Vadim Zeitlin (1999)
11 // Robert Roebling (1999)
12 // Licence: wxWindows licence
13 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
14
15 // ============================================================================
16 // declaration
17 // ============================================================================
18
19 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
20 // headers
21 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
22
23 #ifdef __GNUG__
24 #pragma implementation "thread.h"
25 #endif
26
27 // With simple makefiles, we must ignore the file body if not using
28 // threads.
29 #include "wx/setup.h"
30
31 #if wxUSE_THREADS
32
33 #include "wx/thread.h"
34 #include "wx/module.h"
35 #include "wx/utils.h"
36 #include "wx/log.h"
37 #include "wx/intl.h"
38 #include "wx/dynarray.h"
39
40 #include <stdio.h>
41 #include <unistd.h>
42 #include <pthread.h>
43 #include <errno.h>
44 #include <time.h>
45
46 #if HAVE_SCHED_H
47 #include <sched.h>
48 #endif
49
50 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
51 // constants
52 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
53
54 // the possible states of the thread and transitions from them
55 enum wxThreadState
56 {
57 STATE_NEW, // didn't start execution yet (=> RUNNING)
58 STATE_RUNNING, // running (=> PAUSED or EXITED)
59 STATE_PAUSED, // suspended (=> RUNNING or EXITED)
60 STATE_EXITED // thread doesn't exist any more
61 };
62
63 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
64 // types
65 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
66
67 WX_DEFINE_ARRAY(wxThread *, wxArrayThread);
68
69 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
70 // global data
71 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
72
73 // we keep the list of all threads created by the application to be able to
74 // terminate them on exit if there are some left - otherwise the process would
75 // be left in memory
76 static wxArrayThread gs_allThreads;
77
78 // the id of the main thread
79 static pthread_t gs_tidMain;
80
81 // the key for the pointer to the associated wxThread object
82 static pthread_key_t gs_keySelf;
83
84 // this mutex must be acquired before any call to a GUI function
85 static wxMutex *gs_mutexGui;
86
87 // ============================================================================
88 // implementation
89 // ============================================================================
90
91 //--------------------------------------------------------------------
92 // wxMutex (Posix implementation)
93 //--------------------------------------------------------------------
94
95 class wxMutexInternal
96 {
97 public:
98 pthread_mutex_t p_mutex;
99 };
100
101 wxMutex::wxMutex()
102 {
103 p_internal = new wxMutexInternal;
104 pthread_mutex_init( &(p_internal->p_mutex), (const pthread_mutexattr_t*) NULL );
105 m_locked = 0;
106 }
107
108 wxMutex::~wxMutex()
109 {
110 if (m_locked > 0)
111 wxLogDebug("Freeing a locked mutex (%d locks)", m_locked);
112
113 pthread_mutex_destroy( &(p_internal->p_mutex) );
114 delete p_internal;
115 }
116
117 wxMutexError wxMutex::Lock()
118 {
119 int err = pthread_mutex_lock( &(p_internal->p_mutex) );
120 if (err == EDEADLK)
121 {
122 wxLogDebug("Locking this mutex would lead to deadlock!");
123
124 return wxMUTEX_DEAD_LOCK;
125 }
126
127 m_locked++;
128
129 return wxMUTEX_NO_ERROR;
130 }
131
132 wxMutexError wxMutex::TryLock()
133 {
134 if (m_locked)
135 {
136 return wxMUTEX_BUSY;
137 }
138
139 int err = pthread_mutex_trylock( &(p_internal->p_mutex) );
140 switch (err)
141 {
142 case EBUSY: return wxMUTEX_BUSY;
143 }
144
145 m_locked++;
146
147 return wxMUTEX_NO_ERROR;
148 }
149
150 wxMutexError wxMutex::Unlock()
151 {
152 if (m_locked > 0)
153 {
154 m_locked--;
155 }
156 else
157 {
158 wxLogDebug("Unlocking not locked mutex.");
159
160 return wxMUTEX_UNLOCKED;
161 }
162
163 pthread_mutex_unlock( &(p_internal->p_mutex) );
164
165 return wxMUTEX_NO_ERROR;
166 }
167
168 //--------------------------------------------------------------------
169 // wxCondition (Posix implementation)
170 //--------------------------------------------------------------------
171
172 class wxConditionInternal
173 {
174 public:
175 pthread_cond_t p_condition;
176 };
177
178 wxCondition::wxCondition()
179 {
180 p_internal = new wxConditionInternal;
181 pthread_cond_init( &(p_internal->p_condition), (const pthread_condattr_t *) NULL );
182 }
183
184 wxCondition::~wxCondition()
185 {
186 pthread_cond_destroy( &(p_internal->p_condition) );
187
188 delete p_internal;
189 }
190
191 void wxCondition::Wait(wxMutex& mutex)
192 {
193 pthread_cond_wait( &(p_internal->p_condition), &(mutex.p_internal->p_mutex) );
194 }
195
196 bool wxCondition::Wait(wxMutex& mutex, unsigned long sec, unsigned long nsec)
197 {
198 struct timespec tspec;
199
200 tspec.tv_sec = time(0L)+sec;
201 tspec.tv_nsec = nsec;
202 return (pthread_cond_timedwait(&(p_internal->p_condition), &(mutex.p_internal->p_mutex), &tspec) != ETIMEDOUT);
203 }
204
205 void wxCondition::Signal()
206 {
207 pthread_cond_signal( &(p_internal->p_condition) );
208 }
209
210 void wxCondition::Broadcast()
211 {
212 pthread_cond_broadcast( &(p_internal->p_condition) );
213 }
214
215 //--------------------------------------------------------------------
216 // wxThread (Posix implementation)
217 //--------------------------------------------------------------------
218
219 class wxThreadInternal
220 {
221 public:
222 wxThreadInternal();
223 ~wxThreadInternal();
224
225 // thread entry function
226 static void *PthreadStart(void *ptr);
227
228 // thread actions
229 // start the thread
230 wxThreadError Run();
231 // ask the thread to terminate
232 void Wait();
233 // wake up threads waiting for our termination
234 void SignalExit();
235 // go to sleep until Resume() is called
236 void Pause();
237 // resume the thread
238 void Resume();
239
240 // accessors
241 // priority
242 int GetPriority() const { return m_prio; }
243 void SetPriority(int prio) { m_prio = prio; }
244 // state
245 wxThreadState GetState() const { return m_state; }
246 void SetState(wxThreadState state) { m_state = state; }
247 // id
248 pthread_t GetId() const { return m_threadId; }
249 pthread_t *GetIdPtr() { return &m_threadId; }
250 // "cancelled" flag
251 void SetCancelFlag() { m_cancelled = TRUE; }
252 bool WasCancelled() const { return m_cancelled; }
253
254 private:
255 pthread_t m_threadId; // id of the thread
256 wxThreadState m_state; // see wxThreadState enum
257 int m_prio; // in wxWindows units: from 0 to 100
258
259 // set when the thread should terminate
260 bool m_cancelled;
261
262 // this (mutex, cond) pair is used to synchronize the main thread and this
263 // thread in several situations:
264 // 1. The thread function blocks until condition is signaled by Run() when
265 // it's initially created - this allows thread creation in "suspended"
266 // state
267 // 2. The Delete() function blocks until the condition is signaled when the
268 // thread exits.
269 wxMutex m_mutex;
270 wxCondition m_cond;
271
272 // another (mutex, cond) pair for Pause()/Resume() usage
273 //
274 // VZ: it's possible that we might reuse the mutex and condition from above
275 // for this too, but as I'm not at all sure that it won't create subtle
276 // problems with race conditions between, say, Pause() and Delete() I
277 // prefer this may be a bit less efficient but much safer solution
278 wxMutex m_mutexSuspend;
279 wxCondition m_condSuspend;
280 };
281
282 void *wxThreadInternal::PthreadStart(void *ptr)
283 {
284 wxThread *thread = (wxThread *)ptr;
285 wxThreadInternal *pthread = thread->p_internal;
286
287 int rc = pthread_setspecific(gs_keySelf, thread);
288 if ( rc != 0 )
289 {
290 wxLogSysError(rc, _("Can not start thread: error writing TLS."));
291
292 return (void *)-1;
293 }
294
295 // wait for the condition to be signaled from Run()
296 // mutex state: currently locked by the thread which created us
297 pthread->m_cond.Wait(pthread->m_mutex);
298
299 // mutex state: locked again on exit of Wait()
300
301 // call the main entry
302 void* status = thread->Entry();
303
304 // terminate the thread
305 thread->Exit(status);
306
307 wxFAIL_MSG("wxThread::Exit() can't return.");
308
309 return NULL;
310 }
311
312 wxThreadInternal::wxThreadInternal()
313 {
314 m_state = STATE_NEW;
315 m_cancelled = FALSE;
316
317 // this mutex is locked during almost all thread lifetime - it will only be
318 // unlocked in the very end
319 m_mutex.Lock();
320
321 // this mutex is used in Pause()/Resume() and is also locked all the time
322 // unless the thread is paused
323 m_mutexSuspend.Lock();
324 }
325
326 wxThreadInternal::~wxThreadInternal()
327 {
328 m_mutexSuspend.Unlock();
329
330 // note that m_mutex will be unlocked by the thread which waits for our
331 // termination
332 }
333
334 wxThreadError wxThreadInternal::Run()
335 {
336 wxCHECK_MSG( GetState() == STATE_NEW, wxTHREAD_RUNNING,
337 "thread may only be started once after successful Create()" );
338
339 // the mutex was locked on Create(), so we will be able to lock it again
340 // only when the thread really starts executing and enters the wait -
341 // otherwise we might signal the condition before anybody is waiting for it
342 wxMutexLocker lock(m_mutex);
343 m_cond.Signal();
344
345 m_state = STATE_RUNNING;
346
347 return wxTHREAD_NO_ERROR;
348
349 // now the mutex is unlocked back - but just to allow Wait() function to
350 // terminate by relocking it, so the net result is that the worker thread
351 // starts executing and the mutex is still locked
352 }
353
354 void wxThreadInternal::Wait()
355 {
356 wxCHECK_RET( WasCancelled(), "thread should have been cancelled first" );
357
358 // if the thread we're waiting for is waiting for the GUI mutex, we will
359 // deadlock so make sure we release it temporarily
360 if ( wxThread::IsMain() )
361 wxMutexGuiLeave();
362
363 // entering Wait() releases the mutex thus allowing SignalExit() to acquire
364 // it and to signal us its termination
365 m_cond.Wait(m_mutex);
366
367 // mutex is still in the locked state - relocked on exit from Wait(), so
368 // unlock it - we don't need it any more, the thread has already terminated
369 m_mutex.Unlock();
370
371 // reacquire GUI mutex
372 if ( wxThread::IsMain() )
373 wxMutexGuiEnter();
374 }
375
376 void wxThreadInternal::SignalExit()
377 {
378 // as mutex is currently locked, this will block until some other thread
379 // (normally the same which created this one) unlocks it by entering Wait()
380 m_mutex.Lock();
381
382 // wake up all the threads waiting for our termination
383 m_cond.Broadcast();
384
385 // after this call mutex will be finally unlocked
386 m_mutex.Unlock();
387 }
388
389 void wxThreadInternal::Pause()
390 {
391 // the state is set from the thread which pauses us first, this function
392 // is called later so the state should have been already set
393 wxCHECK_RET( m_state == STATE_PAUSED,
394 "thread must first be paused with wxThread::Pause()." );
395
396 // don't pause the thread which is being terminated - this would lead to
397 // deadlock if the thread is paused after Delete() had called Resume() but
398 // before it had time to call Wait()
399 if ( WasCancelled() )
400 return;
401
402 // wait until the condition is signaled from Resume()
403 m_condSuspend.Wait(m_mutexSuspend);
404 }
405
406 void wxThreadInternal::Resume()
407 {
408 wxCHECK_RET( m_state == STATE_PAUSED,
409 "can't resume thread which is not suspended." );
410
411 // we will be able to lock this mutex only when Pause() starts waiting
412 wxMutexLocker lock(m_mutexSuspend);
413 m_condSuspend.Signal();
414
415 SetState(STATE_RUNNING);
416 }
417
418 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
419 // static functions
420 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
421
422 wxThread *wxThread::This()
423 {
424 return (wxThread *)pthread_getspecific(gs_keySelf);
425 }
426
427 bool wxThread::IsMain()
428 {
429 return (bool)pthread_equal(pthread_self(), gs_tidMain);
430 }
431
432 void wxThread::Yield()
433 {
434 sched_yield();
435 }
436
437 void wxThread::Sleep(unsigned long milliseconds)
438 {
439 wxUsleep(milliseconds);
440 }
441
442 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
443 // creating thread
444 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
445
446 wxThread::wxThread()
447 {
448 // add this thread to the global list of all threads
449 gs_allThreads.Add(this);
450
451 p_internal = new wxThreadInternal();
452 }
453
454 wxThreadError wxThread::Create()
455 {
456 if (p_internal->GetState() != STATE_NEW)
457 return wxTHREAD_RUNNING;
458
459 // set up the thread attribute: right now, we only set thread priority
460 pthread_attr_t attr;
461 pthread_attr_init(&attr);
462
463 #ifdef HAVE_THREAD_PRIORITY_FUNCTIONS
464 int prio;
465 if ( pthread_attr_getschedpolicy(&attr, &prio) != 0 )
466 {
467 wxLogError(_("Can not retrieve thread scheduling policy."));
468 }
469
470 int min_prio = sched_get_priority_min(prio),
471 max_prio = sched_get_priority_max(prio);
472
473 if ( min_prio == -1 || max_prio == -1 )
474 {
475 wxLogError(_("Can not get priority range for scheduling policy %d."),
476 prio);
477 }
478 else
479 {
480 struct sched_param sp;
481 pthread_attr_getschedparam(&attr, &sp);
482 sp.sched_priority = min_prio +
483 (p_internal->GetPriority()*(max_prio-min_prio))/100;
484 pthread_attr_setschedparam(&attr, &sp);
485 }
486 #endif // HAVE_THREAD_PRIORITY_FUNCTIONS
487
488 // create the new OS thread object
489 int rc = pthread_create(p_internal->GetIdPtr(), &attr,
490 wxThreadInternal::PthreadStart, (void *)this);
491 pthread_attr_destroy(&attr);
492
493 if ( rc != 0 )
494 {
495 p_internal->SetState(STATE_EXITED);
496 return wxTHREAD_NO_RESOURCE;
497 }
498
499 return wxTHREAD_NO_ERROR;
500 }
501
502 wxThreadError wxThread::Run()
503 {
504 return p_internal->Run();
505 }
506
507 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
508 // misc accessors
509 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
510
511 void wxThread::SetPriority(unsigned int prio)
512 {
513 wxCHECK_RET( ((int)WXTHREAD_MIN_PRIORITY <= (int)prio) &&
514 ((int)prio <= (int)WXTHREAD_MAX_PRIORITY),
515 "invalid thread priority" );
516
517 wxCriticalSectionLocker lock(m_critsect);
518
519 switch ( p_internal->GetState() )
520 {
521 case STATE_NEW:
522 // thread not yet started, priority will be set when it is
523 p_internal->SetPriority(prio);
524 break;
525
526 case STATE_RUNNING:
527 case STATE_PAUSED:
528 #ifdef HAVE_THREAD_PRIORITY_FUNCTIONS
529 {
530 struct sched_param sparam;
531 sparam.sched_priority = prio;
532
533 if ( pthread_setschedparam(p_internal->GetId(),
534 SCHED_OTHER, &sparam) != 0 )
535 {
536 wxLogError(_("Failed to set thread priority %d."), prio);
537 }
538 }
539 #endif // HAVE_THREAD_PRIORITY_FUNCTIONS
540 break;
541
542 case STATE_EXITED:
543 default:
544 wxFAIL_MSG("impossible to set thread priority in this state");
545 }
546 }
547
548 unsigned int wxThread::GetPriority() const
549 {
550 wxCriticalSectionLocker lock((wxCriticalSection &)m_critsect);
551
552 return p_internal->GetPriority();
553 }
554
555 unsigned long wxThread::GetID() const
556 {
557 return (unsigned long)p_internal->GetId();
558 }
559
560 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
561 // pause/resume
562 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
563
564 wxThreadError wxThread::Pause()
565 {
566 wxCriticalSectionLocker lock(m_critsect);
567
568 if ( p_internal->GetState() != STATE_RUNNING )
569 {
570 wxLogDebug("Can't pause thread which is not running.");
571
572 return wxTHREAD_NOT_RUNNING;
573 }
574
575 p_internal->SetState(STATE_PAUSED);
576
577 return wxTHREAD_NO_ERROR;
578 }
579
580 wxThreadError wxThread::Resume()
581 {
582 wxCriticalSectionLocker lock(m_critsect);
583
584 if ( p_internal->GetState() == STATE_PAUSED )
585 {
586 p_internal->Resume();
587
588 return wxTHREAD_NO_ERROR;
589 }
590 else
591 {
592 wxLogDebug("Attempt to resume a thread which is not paused.");
593
594 return wxTHREAD_MISC_ERROR;
595 }
596 }
597
598 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
599 // exiting thread
600 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
601
602 wxThread::ExitCode wxThread::Delete()
603 {
604 m_critsect.Enter();
605 wxThreadState state = p_internal->GetState();
606 m_critsect.Leave();
607
608 // ask the thread to stop
609 p_internal->SetCancelFlag();
610
611 switch ( state )
612 {
613 case STATE_NEW:
614 case STATE_EXITED:
615 // nothing to do
616 break;
617
618 case STATE_PAUSED:
619 // resume the thread first
620 Resume();
621
622 // fall through
623
624 default:
625 // wait until the thread stops
626 p_internal->Wait();
627 }
628
629 return NULL;
630 }
631
632 wxThreadError wxThread::Kill()
633 {
634 switch ( p_internal->GetState() )
635 {
636 case STATE_NEW:
637 case STATE_EXITED:
638 return wxTHREAD_NOT_RUNNING;
639
640 default:
641 #ifdef HAVE_PTHREAD_CANCEL
642 if ( pthread_cancel(p_internal->GetId()) != 0 )
643 #endif
644 {
645 wxLogError(_("Failed to terminate a thread."));
646
647 return wxTHREAD_MISC_ERROR;
648 }
649
650 return wxTHREAD_NO_ERROR;
651 }
652 }
653
654 void wxThread::Exit(void *status)
655 {
656 // first call user-level clean up code
657 OnExit();
658
659 // next wake up the threads waiting for us (OTOH, this function won't return
660 // until someone waited for us!)
661 p_internal->SignalExit();
662
663 p_internal->SetState(STATE_EXITED);
664
665 // delete both C++ thread object and terminate the OS thread object
666 delete this;
667 pthread_exit(status);
668 }
669
670 // also test whether we were paused
671 bool wxThread::TestDestroy()
672 {
673 wxCriticalSectionLocker lock(m_critsect);
674
675 if ( p_internal->GetState() == STATE_PAUSED )
676 {
677 // leave the crit section or the other threads will stop too if they try
678 // to call any of (seemingly harmless) IsXXX() functions while we sleep
679 m_critsect.Leave();
680
681 p_internal->Pause();
682
683 // enter it back before it's finally left in lock object dtor
684 m_critsect.Enter();
685 }
686
687 return p_internal->WasCancelled();
688 }
689
690 wxThread::~wxThread()
691 {
692 // remove this thread from the global array
693 gs_allThreads.Remove(this);
694 }
695
696 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
697 // state tests
698 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
699
700 bool wxThread::IsRunning() const
701 {
702 wxCriticalSectionLocker lock((wxCriticalSection &)m_critsect);
703
704 return p_internal->GetState() == STATE_RUNNING;
705 }
706
707 bool wxThread::IsAlive() const
708 {
709 wxCriticalSectionLocker lock((wxCriticalSection&)m_critsect);
710
711 switch ( p_internal->GetState() )
712 {
713 case STATE_RUNNING:
714 case STATE_PAUSED:
715 return TRUE;
716
717 default:
718 return FALSE;
719 }
720 }
721
722 //--------------------------------------------------------------------
723 // wxThreadModule
724 //--------------------------------------------------------------------
725
726 class wxThreadModule : public wxModule
727 {
728 public:
729 virtual bool OnInit();
730 virtual void OnExit();
731
732 private:
733 DECLARE_DYNAMIC_CLASS(wxThreadModule)
734 };
735
736 IMPLEMENT_DYNAMIC_CLASS(wxThreadModule, wxModule)
737
738 bool wxThreadModule::OnInit()
739 {
740 if ( pthread_key_create(&gs_keySelf, NULL /* dtor function */) != 0 )
741 {
742 wxLogError(_("Thread module initialization failed: "
743 "failed to create pthread key."));
744
745 return FALSE;
746 }
747
748 gs_mutexGui = new wxMutex();
749
750 //wxThreadGuiInit();
751
752 gs_tidMain = pthread_self();
753 gs_mutexGui->Lock();
754
755 return TRUE;
756 }
757
758 void wxThreadModule::OnExit()
759 {
760 wxASSERT_MSG( wxThread::IsMain(), "only main thread can be here" );
761
762 // terminate any threads left
763 size_t count = gs_allThreads.GetCount();
764 if ( count != 0u )
765 wxLogDebug("Some threads were not terminated by the application.");
766
767 for ( size_t n = 0u; n < count; n++ )
768 {
769 gs_allThreads[n]->Delete();
770 }
771
772 // destroy GUI mutex
773 gs_mutexGui->Unlock();
774
775 //wxThreadGuiExit();
776
777 delete gs_mutexGui;
778
779 // and free TLD slot
780 (void)pthread_key_delete(gs_keySelf);
781 }
782
783 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
784 // global functions
785 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
786
787 void wxMutexGuiEnter()
788 {
789 gs_mutexGui->Lock();
790 }
791
792 void wxMutexGuiLeave()
793 {
794 gs_mutexGui->Unlock();
795 }
796
797 #endif
798 // wxUSE_THREADS