src/common/string.cpp

   1 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
   2 // Name:        string.cpp
   3 // Purpose:     wxString class
   4 // Author:      Vadim Zeitlin
   5 // Modified by:
   6 // Created:     29/01/98
   7 // RCS-ID:      $Id$
   8 // Copyright:   (c) 1998 Vadim Zeitlin <zeitlin@dptmaths.ens-cachan.fr>
   9 // Licence:     wxWindows license
  10 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
  11
  12 #ifdef __GNUG__
  13 #pragma implementation "string.h"
  14 #endif
  15
  16 /*
  17  * About ref counting:
  18  *  1) all empty strings use g_strEmpty, nRefs = -1 (set in Init())
  19  *  2) AllocBuffer() sets nRefs to 1, Lock() increments it by one
  20  *  3) Unlock() decrements nRefs and frees memory if it goes to 0
  21  */
  22
  23 // ===========================================================================
  24 // headers, declarations, constants
  25 // ===========================================================================
  26
  27 // For compilers that support precompilation, includes "wx.h".
  28 #include "wx/wxprec.h"
  29
  30 #ifdef __BORLANDC__
  31 #pragma hdrstop
  32 #endif
  33
  34 #ifndef WX_PRECOMP
  35   #include "wx/defs.h"
  36   #include "wx/string.h"
  37   #include "wx/intl.h"
  38 #endif
  39
  40 #include <ctype.h>
  41 #include <string.h>
  42 #include <stdlib.h>
  43
  44 // This probably isn't right, what should it be Vadim?
  45 // Otherwise we end up with no wxVsprintf defined.
  46 #ifdef __WXMOTIF__
  47 #define HAVE_VPRINTF
  48 #endif
  49
  50 #ifdef wxUSE_WCSRTOMBS
  51   #include <wchar.h>    // for wcsrtombs(), see comments where it's used
  52 #endif // GNU
  53
  54 #ifdef  WXSTRING_IS_WXOBJECT
  55   IMPLEMENT_DYNAMIC_CLASS(wxString, wxObject)
  56 #endif  //WXSTRING_IS_WXOBJECT
  57
  58 // allocating extra space for each string consumes more memory but speeds up
  59 // the concatenation operations (nLen is the current string's length)
  60 // NB: EXTRA_ALLOC must be >= 0!
  61 #define EXTRA_ALLOC       (19 - nLen % 16)
  62
  63 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
  64 // static class variables definition
  65 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
  66
  67 #ifdef  STD_STRING_COMPATIBILITY
  68   const size_t wxString::npos = STRING_MAXLEN;
  69 #endif
  70
  71 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  72 // static data
  73 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  74
  75 // for an empty string, GetStringData() will return this address: this
  76 // structure has the same layout as wxStringData and it's data() method will
  77 // return the empty string (dummy pointer)
  78 static const struct
  79 {
  80   wxStringData data;
  81   char dummy;
  82 } g_strEmpty = { {-1, 0, 0}, '\0' };
  83
  84 // empty C style string: points to 'string data' byte of g_strEmpty
  85 extern const char *g_szNul = &g_strEmpty.dummy;
  86
  87 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  88 // conditional compilation
  89 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  90
  91 // we want to find out if the current platform supports vsnprintf()-like
  92 // function: for Unix this is done with configure, for Windows we test the
  93 // compiler explicitly.
  94 #ifdef __WXMSW__
  95     #ifdef _MSC_VER
  96         #define wxVsprintf     _vsnprintf
  97     #endif
  98 #else   // !Windows
  99     #ifdef HAVE_VSNPRINTF
 100         #define wxVsprintf       vsnprintf
 101     #endif
 102 #endif  // Windows/!Windows
 103
 104 #ifndef wxVsprintf
 105     // in this case we'll use vsprintf() (which is ANSI and thus should be
 106     // always available), but it's unsafe because it doesn't check for buffer
 107     // size - so give a warning
 108     #define wxVsprintf(buffer,len,format,argptr) vsprintf(buffer,format, argptr)
 109     #pragma message("Using sprintf() because no snprintf()-like function defined")
 110 #endif
 111
 112 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 113 // global functions
 114 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 115
 116 #ifdef  STD_STRING_COMPATIBILITY
 117
 118 // MS Visual C++ version 5.0 provides the new STL headers as well as the old
 119 // iostream ones.
 120 //
 121 // ATTN: you can _not_ use both of these in the same program!
 122 #if wxUSE_IOSTREAMH
 123 #include <iostream.h>
 124 #define   NAMESPACE
 125 #else
 126 #include <iostream>
 127 #  ifdef _MSC_VER
 128       using namespace std;
 129 #  endif
 130 // for msvc (bcc50+ also) you don't need these NAMESPACE defines,
 131 // using namespace std; takes care of that.
 132 #define   NAMESPACE   std::
 133 #endif
 134
 135 #ifdef __WXMSW__
 136     #ifdef _MSC_VER
 137         #define wxVsprintf     _vsnprintf
 138     #endif
 139 #else
 140     #if defined ( HAVE_VSNPRINTF )
 141         #define wxVsprintf       vsnprintf
 142     #endif
 143 #endif
 144
 145 #ifndef wxVsprintf
 146     // vsprintf() is ANSI so we can always use it, but it's unsafe!
 147     #define wxVsprintf(buffer,len,format,argptr) vsprintf(buffer,format, argptr)
 148     #pragma message("Using sprintf() because no snprintf()-like function defined")
 149 #endif
 150
 151 NAMESPACE istream& operator>>(NAMESPACE istream& is, wxString& WXUNUSED(str))
 152 {
 153 #if 0
 154   int w = is.width(0);
 155   if ( is.ipfx(0) ) {
 156     NAMESPACE streambuf *sb = is.rdbuf();
 157     str.erase();
 158     while ( true ) {
 159       int ch = sb->sbumpc ();
 160       if ( ch == EOF ) {
 161         is.setstate(NAMESPACE ios::eofbit);
 162         break;
 163       }
 164       else if ( isspace(ch) ) {
 165         sb->sungetc();
 166         break;
 167       }
 168
 169       str += ch;
 170       if ( --w == 1 )
 171         break;
 172     }
 173   }
 174
 175   is.isfx();
 176   if ( str.length() == 0 )
 177     is.setstate(NAMESPACE ios::failbit);
 178 #endif
 179   return is;
 180 }
 181
 182 #endif  //std::string compatibility
 183
 184 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 185 // private classes
 186 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 187
 188 // this small class is used to gather statistics for performance tuning
 189 //#define WXSTRING_STATISTICS
 190 #ifdef  WXSTRING_STATISTICS
 191   class Averager
 192   {
 193   public:
 194     Averager(const char *sz) { m_sz = sz; m_nTotal = m_nCount = 0; }
 195    ~Averager()
 196    { printf("wxString: average %s = %f\n", m_sz, ((float)m_nTotal)/m_nCount); }
 197
 198     void Add(size_t n) { m_nTotal += n; m_nCount++; }
 199
 200   private:
 201     size_t m_nCount, m_nTotal;
 202     const char *m_sz;
 203   } g_averageLength("allocation size"),
 204     g_averageSummandLength("summand length"),
 205     g_averageConcatHit("hit probability in concat"),
 206     g_averageInitialLength("initial string length");
 207
 208   #define STATISTICS_ADD(av, val) g_average##av.Add(val)
 209 #else
 210   #define STATISTICS_ADD(av, val)
 211 #endif // WXSTRING_STATISTICS
 212
 213 // ===========================================================================
 214 // wxString class core
 215 // ===========================================================================
 216
 217 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 218 // construction
 219 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 220
 221 // constructs string of <nLength> copies of character <ch>
 222 wxString::wxString(char ch, size_t nLength)
 223 {
 224   Init();
 225
 226   if ( nLength > 0 ) {
 227     AllocBuffer(nLength);
 228
 229     wxASSERT( sizeof(char) == 1 );  // can't use memset if not
 230
 231     memset(m_pchData, ch, nLength);
 232   }
 233 }
 234
 235 // takes nLength elements of psz starting at nPos
 236 void wxString::InitWith(const char *psz, size_t nPos, size_t nLength)
 237 {
 238   Init();
 239
 240   wxASSERT( nPos <= Strlen(psz) );
 241
 242   if ( nLength == STRING_MAXLEN )
 243     nLength = Strlen(psz + nPos);
 244
 245   STATISTICS_ADD(InitialLength, nLength);
 246
 247   if ( nLength > 0 ) {
 248     // trailing '\0' is written in AllocBuffer()
 249     AllocBuffer(nLength);
 250     memcpy(m_pchData, psz + nPos, nLength*sizeof(char));
 251   }
 252 }
 253
 254 // the same as previous constructor, but for compilers using unsigned char
 255 wxString::wxString(const unsigned char* psz, size_t nLength)
 256 {
 257   InitWith((const char *)psz, 0, nLength);
 258 }
 259
 260 #ifdef  STD_STRING_COMPATIBILITY
 261
 262 // poor man's iterators are "void *" pointers
 263 wxString::wxString(const void *pStart, const void *pEnd)
 264 {
 265   InitWith((const char *)pStart, 0,
 266            (const char *)pEnd - (const char *)pStart);
 267 }
 268
 269 #endif  //std::string compatibility
 270
 271 // from wide string
 272 wxString::wxString(const wchar_t *pwz)
 273 {
 274   // first get necessary size
 275
 276   // NB: GNU libc5 wcstombs() is completely broken, don't use it (it doesn't
 277   //     honor the 3rd parameter, thus it will happily crash here).
 278 #ifdef wxUSE_WCSRTOMBS
 279   // don't know if it's really needed (or if we can pass NULL), but better safe
 280   // than quick
 281   mbstate_t mbstate;
 282   size_t nLen = wcsrtombs((char *) NULL, &pwz, 0, &mbstate);
 283 #else  // !GNU libc
 284   size_t nLen = wcstombs((char *) NULL, pwz, 0);
 285 #endif // GNU
 286
 287   // empty?
 288   if ( nLen != 0 ) {
 289     AllocBuffer(nLen);
 290     wcstombs(m_pchData, pwz, nLen);
 291   }
 292   else {
 293     Init();
 294   }
 295 }
 296
 297 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 298 // memory allocation
 299 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 300
 301 // allocates memory needed to store a C string of length nLen
 302 void wxString::AllocBuffer(size_t nLen)
 303 {
 304   wxASSERT( nLen >  0         );    //
 305   wxASSERT( nLen <= INT_MAX-1 );    // max size (enough room for 1 extra)
 306
 307   STATISTICS_ADD(Length, nLen);
 308
 309   // allocate memory:
 310   // 1) one extra character for '\0' termination
 311   // 2) sizeof(wxStringData) for housekeeping info
 312   wxStringData* pData = (wxStringData*)
 313     malloc(sizeof(wxStringData) + (nLen + EXTRA_ALLOC + 1)*sizeof(char));
 314   pData->nRefs        = 1;
 315   pData->nDataLength  = nLen;
 316   pData->nAllocLength = nLen + EXTRA_ALLOC;
 317   m_pchData           = pData->data();  // data starts after wxStringData
 318   m_pchData[nLen]     = '\0';
 319 }
 320
 321 // must be called before changing this string
 322 void wxString::CopyBeforeWrite()
 323 {
 324   wxStringData* pData = GetStringData();
 325
 326   if ( pData->IsShared() ) {
 327     pData->Unlock();                // memory not freed because shared
 328     size_t nLen = pData->nDataLength;
 329     AllocBuffer(nLen);
 330     memcpy(m_pchData, pData->data(), nLen*sizeof(char));
 331   }
 332
 333   wxASSERT( !GetStringData()->IsShared() );  // we must be the only owner
 334 }
 335
 336 // must be called before replacing contents of this string
 337 void wxString::AllocBeforeWrite(size_t nLen)
 338 {
 339   wxASSERT( nLen != 0 );  // doesn't make any sense
 340
 341   // must not share string and must have enough space
 342   wxStringData* pData = GetStringData();
 343   if ( pData->IsShared() || (nLen > pData->nAllocLength) ) {
 344     // can't work with old buffer, get new one
 345     pData->Unlock();
 346     AllocBuffer(nLen);
 347   }
 348
 349   wxASSERT( !GetStringData()->IsShared() );  // we must be the only owner
 350 }
 351
 352 // allocate enough memory for nLen characters
 353 void wxString::Alloc(size_t nLen)
 354 {
 355   wxStringData *pData = GetStringData();
 356   if ( pData->nAllocLength <= nLen ) {
 357     if ( pData->IsEmpty() ) {
 358       nLen += EXTRA_ALLOC;
 359
 360       wxStringData* pData = (wxStringData*)
 361         malloc(sizeof(wxStringData) + (nLen + 1)*sizeof(char));
 362       pData->nRefs = 1;
 363       pData->nDataLength = 0;
 364       pData->nAllocLength = nLen;
 365       m_pchData = pData->data();  // data starts after wxStringData
 366       m_pchData[0u] = '\0';
 367     }
 368     else if ( pData->IsShared() ) {
 369       pData->Unlock();                // memory not freed because shared
 370       size_t nOldLen = pData->nDataLength;
 371       AllocBuffer(nLen);
 372       memcpy(m_pchData, pData->data(), nOldLen*sizeof(char));
 373     }
 374     else {
 375       nLen += EXTRA_ALLOC;
 376
 377       wxStringData *p = (wxStringData *)
 378         realloc(pData, sizeof(wxStringData) + (nLen + 1)*sizeof(char));
 379
 380       if ( p == NULL ) {
 381         // @@@ what to do on memory error?
 382         return;
 383       }
 384
 385       // it's not important if the pointer changed or not (the check for this
 386       // is not faster than assigning to m_pchData in all cases)
 387       p->nAllocLength = nLen;
 388       m_pchData = p->data();
 389     }
 390   }
 391   //else: we've already got enough
 392 }
 393
 394 // shrink to minimal size (releasing extra memory)
 395 void wxString::Shrink()
 396 {
 397   wxStringData *pData = GetStringData();
 398
 399   // this variable is unused in release build, so avoid the compiler warning by
 400   // just not declaring it
 401 #ifdef __WXDEBUG__
 402   void *p =
 403 #endif
 404   realloc(pData, sizeof(wxStringData) + (pData->nDataLength + 1)*sizeof(char));
 405
 406   wxASSERT( p != NULL );  // can't free memory?
 407   wxASSERT( p == pData ); // we're decrementing the size - block shouldn't move!
 408 }
 409
 410 // get the pointer to writable buffer of (at least) nLen bytes
 411 char *wxString::GetWriteBuf(size_t nLen)
 412 {
 413   AllocBeforeWrite(nLen);
 414
 415   wxASSERT( GetStringData()->nRefs == 1 );
 416   GetStringData()->Validate(FALSE);
 417
 418   return m_pchData;
 419 }
 420
 421 // put string back in a reasonable state after GetWriteBuf
 422 void wxString::UngetWriteBuf()
 423 {
 424   GetStringData()->nDataLength = strlen(m_pchData);
 425   GetStringData()->Validate(TRUE);
 426 }
 427
 428 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 429 // data access
 430 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 431
 432 // all functions are inline in string.h
 433
 434 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 435 // assignment operators
 436 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 437
 438 // helper function: does real copy
 439 void wxString::AssignCopy(size_t nSrcLen, const char *pszSrcData)
 440 {
 441   if ( nSrcLen == 0 ) {
 442     Reinit();
 443   }
 444   else {
 445     AllocBeforeWrite(nSrcLen);
 446     memcpy(m_pchData, pszSrcData, nSrcLen*sizeof(char));
 447     GetStringData()->nDataLength = nSrcLen;
 448     m_pchData[nSrcLen] = '\0';
 449   }
 450 }
 451
 452 // assigns one string to another
 453 wxString& wxString::operator=(const wxString& stringSrc)
 454 {
 455   wxASSERT( stringSrc.GetStringData()->IsValid() );
 456
 457   // don't copy string over itself
 458   if ( m_pchData != stringSrc.m_pchData ) {
 459     if ( stringSrc.GetStringData()->IsEmpty() ) {
 460       Reinit();
 461     }
 462     else {
 463       // adjust references
 464       GetStringData()->Unlock();
 465       m_pchData = stringSrc.m_pchData;
 466       GetStringData()->Lock();
 467     }
 468   }
 469
 470   return *this;
 471 }
 472
 473 // assigns a single character
 474 wxString& wxString::operator=(char ch)
 475 {
 476   AssignCopy(1, &ch);
 477   return *this;
 478 }
 479
 480 // assigns C string
 481 wxString& wxString::operator=(const char *psz)
 482 {
 483   AssignCopy(Strlen(psz), psz);
 484   return *this;
 485 }
 486
 487 // same as 'signed char' variant
 488 wxString& wxString::operator=(const unsigned char* psz)
 489 {
 490   *this = (const char *)psz;
 491   return *this;
 492 }
 493
 494 wxString& wxString::operator=(const wchar_t *pwz)
 495 {
 496   wxString str(pwz);
 497   *this = str;
 498   return *this;
 499 }
 500
 501 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 502 // string concatenation
 503 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 504
 505 // add something to this string
 506 void wxString::ConcatSelf(int nSrcLen, const char *pszSrcData)
 507 {
 508   STATISTICS_ADD(SummandLength, nSrcLen);
 509
 510   // concatenating an empty string is a NOP
 511   if ( nSrcLen > 0 ) {
 512     wxStringData *pData = GetStringData();
 513     size_t nLen = pData->nDataLength;
 514     size_t nNewLen = nLen + nSrcLen;
 515
 516     // alloc new buffer if current is too small
 517     if ( pData->IsShared() ) {
 518       STATISTICS_ADD(ConcatHit, 0);
 519
 520       // we have to allocate another buffer
 521       wxStringData* pOldData = GetStringData();
 522       AllocBuffer(nNewLen);
 523       memcpy(m_pchData, pOldData->data(), nLen*sizeof(char));
 524       pOldData->Unlock();
 525     }
 526     else if ( nNewLen > pData->nAllocLength ) {
 527       STATISTICS_ADD(ConcatHit, 0);
 528
 529       // we have to grow the buffer
 530       Alloc(nNewLen);
 531     }
 532     else {
 533       STATISTICS_ADD(ConcatHit, 1);
 534
 535       // the buffer is already big enough
 536     }
 537
 538     // should be enough space
 539     wxASSERT( nNewLen <= GetStringData()->nAllocLength );
 540
 541     // fast concatenation - all is done in our buffer
 542     memcpy(m_pchData + nLen, pszSrcData, nSrcLen*sizeof(char));
 543
 544     m_pchData[nNewLen] = '\0';              // put terminating '\0'
 545     GetStringData()->nDataLength = nNewLen; // and fix the length
 546   }
 547   //else: the string to append was empty
 548 }
 549
 550 /*
 551  * concatenation functions come in 5 flavours:
 552  *  string + string
 553  *  char   + string      and      string + char
 554  *  C str  + string      and      string + C str
 555  */
 556
 557 wxString operator+(const wxString& string1, const wxString& string2)
 558 {
 559   wxASSERT( string1.GetStringData()->IsValid() );
 560   wxASSERT( string2.GetStringData()->IsValid() );
 561
 562   wxString s = string1;
 563   s += string2;
 564
 565   return s;
 566 }
 567
 568 wxString operator+(const wxString& string, char ch)
 569 {
 570   wxASSERT( string.GetStringData()->IsValid() );
 571
 572   wxString s = string;
 573   s += ch;
 574
 575   return s;
 576 }
 577
 578 wxString operator+(char ch, const wxString& string)
 579 {
 580   wxASSERT( string.GetStringData()->IsValid() );
 581
 582   wxString s = ch;
 583   s += string;
 584
 585   return s;
 586 }
 587
 588 wxString operator+(const wxString& string, const char *psz)
 589 {
 590   wxASSERT( string.GetStringData()->IsValid() );
 591
 592   wxString s;
 593   s.Alloc(Strlen(psz) + string.Len());
 594   s = string;
 595   s += psz;
 596
 597   return s;
 598 }
 599
 600 wxString operator+(const char *psz, const wxString& string)
 601 {
 602   wxASSERT( string.GetStringData()->IsValid() );
 603
 604   wxString s;
 605   s.Alloc(Strlen(psz) + string.Len());
 606   s = psz;
 607   s += string;
 608
 609   return s;
 610 }
 611
 612 // ===========================================================================
 613 // other common string functions
 614 // ===========================================================================
 615
 616 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 617 // simple sub-string extraction
 618 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 619
 620 // helper function: clone the data attached to this string
 621 void wxString::AllocCopy(wxString& dest, int nCopyLen, int nCopyIndex) const
 622 {
 623   if ( nCopyLen == 0 ) {
 624     dest.Init();
 625   }
 626   else {
 627     dest.AllocBuffer(nCopyLen);
 628     memcpy(dest.m_pchData, m_pchData + nCopyIndex, nCopyLen*sizeof(char));
 629   }
 630 }
 631
 632 // extract string of length nCount starting at nFirst
 633 wxString wxString::Mid(size_t nFirst, size_t nCount) const
 634 {
 635   wxStringData *pData = GetStringData();
 636   size_t nLen = pData->nDataLength;
 637
 638   // default value of nCount is STRING_MAXLEN and means "till the end"
 639   if ( nCount == STRING_MAXLEN )
 640   {
 641     nCount = nLen - nFirst;
 642   }
 643
 644   // out-of-bounds requests return sensible things
 645   if ( nFirst + nCount > nLen )
 646   {
 647     nCount = nLen - nFirst;
 648   }
 649
 650   if ( nFirst > nLen )
 651   {
 652     // AllocCopy() will return empty string
 653     nCount = 0;
 654   }
 655
 656   wxString dest;
 657   AllocCopy(dest, nCount, nFirst);
 658
 659   return dest;
 660 }
 661
 662 // extract nCount last (rightmost) characters
 663 wxString wxString::Right(size_t nCount) const
 664 {
 665   if ( nCount > (size_t)GetStringData()->nDataLength )
 666     nCount = GetStringData()->nDataLength;
 667
 668   wxString dest;
 669   AllocCopy(dest, nCount, GetStringData()->nDataLength - nCount);
 670   return dest;
 671 }
 672
 673 // get all characters after the last occurence of ch
 674 // (returns the whole string if ch not found)
 675 wxString wxString::Right(char ch) const
 676 {
 677   wxString str;
 678   int iPos = Find(ch, TRUE);
 679   if ( iPos == NOT_FOUND )
 680     str = *this;
 681   else
 682     str = c_str() + iPos + 1;
 683
 684   return str;
 685 }
 686
 687 // extract nCount first (leftmost) characters
 688 wxString wxString::Left(size_t nCount) const
 689 {
 690   if ( nCount > (size_t)GetStringData()->nDataLength )
 691     nCount = GetStringData()->nDataLength;
 692
 693   wxString dest;
 694   AllocCopy(dest, nCount, 0);
 695   return dest;
 696 }
 697
 698 // get all characters before the first occurence of ch
 699 // (returns the whole string if ch not found)
 700 wxString wxString::Left(char ch) const
 701 {
 702   wxString str;
 703   for ( const char *pc = m_pchData; *pc != '\0' && *pc != ch; pc++ )
 704     str += *pc;
 705
 706   return str;
 707 }
 708
 709 /// get all characters before the last occurence of ch
 710 /// (returns empty string if ch not found)
 711 wxString wxString::Before(char ch) const
 712 {
 713   wxString str;
 714   int iPos = Find(ch, TRUE);
 715   if ( iPos != NOT_FOUND && iPos != 0 )
 716     str = wxString(c_str(), iPos);
 717
 718   return str;
 719 }
 720
 721 /// get all characters after the first occurence of ch
 722 /// (returns empty string if ch not found)
 723 wxString wxString::After(char ch) const
 724 {
 725   wxString str;
 726   int iPos = Find(ch);
 727   if ( iPos != NOT_FOUND )
 728     str = c_str() + iPos + 1;
 729
 730   return str;
 731 }
 732
 733 // replace first (or all) occurences of some substring with another one
 734 size_t wxString::Replace(const char *szOld, const char *szNew, bool bReplaceAll)
 735 {
 736   size_t uiCount = 0;   // count of replacements made
 737
 738   size_t uiOldLen = Strlen(szOld);
 739
 740   wxString strTemp;
 741   const char *pCurrent = m_pchData;
 742   const char *pSubstr;
 743   while ( *pCurrent != '\0' ) {
 744     pSubstr = strstr(pCurrent, szOld);
 745     if ( pSubstr == NULL ) {
 746       // strTemp is unused if no replacements were made, so avoid the copy
 747       if ( uiCount == 0 )
 748         return 0;
 749
 750       strTemp += pCurrent;    // copy the rest
 751       break;                  // exit the loop
 752     }
 753     else {
 754       // take chars before match
 755       strTemp.ConcatSelf(pSubstr - pCurrent, pCurrent);
 756       strTemp += szNew;
 757       pCurrent = pSubstr + uiOldLen;  // restart after match
 758
 759       uiCount++;
 760
 761       // stop now?
 762       if ( !bReplaceAll ) {
 763         strTemp += pCurrent;    // copy the rest
 764         break;                  // exit the loop
 765       }
 766     }
 767   }
 768
 769   // only done if there were replacements, otherwise would have returned above
 770   *this = strTemp;
 771
 772   return uiCount;
 773 }
 774
 775 bool wxString::IsAscii() const
 776 {
 777   const char *s = (const char*) *this;
 778   while(*s){
 779     if(!isascii(*s)) return(FALSE);
 780     s++;
 781   }
 782   return(TRUE);
 783 }
 784
 785 bool wxString::IsWord() const
 786 {
 787   const char *s = (const char*) *this;
 788   while(*s){
 789     if(!isalpha(*s)) return(FALSE);
 790     s++;
 791   }
 792   return(TRUE);
 793 }
 794
 795 bool wxString::IsNumber() const
 796 {
 797   const char *s = (const char*) *this;
 798   while(*s){
 799     if(!isdigit(*s)) return(FALSE);
 800     s++;
 801   }
 802   return(TRUE);
 803 }
 804
 805 wxString wxString::Strip(stripType w) const
 806 {
 807     wxString s = *this;
 808     if ( w & leading ) s.Trim(FALSE);
 809     if ( w & trailing ) s.Trim(TRUE);
 810     return s;
 811 }
 812
 813 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 814 // case conversion
 815 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 816
 817 wxString& wxString::MakeUpper()
 818 {
 819   CopyBeforeWrite();
 820
 821   for ( char *p = m_pchData; *p; p++ )
 822     *p = (char)toupper(*p);
 823
 824   return *this;
 825 }
 826
 827 wxString& wxString::MakeLower()
 828 {
 829   CopyBeforeWrite();
 830
 831   for ( char *p = m_pchData; *p; p++ )
 832     *p = (char)tolower(*p);
 833
 834   return *this;
 835 }
 836
 837 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 838 // trimming and padding
 839 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 840
 841 // trims spaces (in the sense of isspace) from left or right side
 842 wxString& wxString::Trim(bool bFromRight)
 843 {
 844   // first check if we're going to modify the string at all
 845   if ( !IsEmpty() &&
 846        (
 847         (bFromRight && isspace(GetChar(Len() - 1))) ||
 848         (!bFromRight && isspace(GetChar(0u)))
 849        )
 850      )
 851   {
 852     // ok, there is at least one space to trim
 853     CopyBeforeWrite();
 854
 855     if ( bFromRight )
 856     {
 857       // find last non-space character
 858       char *psz = m_pchData + GetStringData()->nDataLength - 1;
 859       while ( isspace(*psz) && (psz >= m_pchData) )
 860         psz--;
 861
 862       // truncate at trailing space start
 863       *++psz = '\0';
 864       GetStringData()->nDataLength = psz - m_pchData;
 865     }
 866     else
 867     {
 868       // find first non-space character
 869       const char *psz = m_pchData;
 870       while ( isspace(*psz) )
 871         psz++;
 872
 873       // fix up data and length
 874       int nDataLength = GetStringData()->nDataLength - (psz - m_pchData);
 875       memmove(m_pchData, psz, (nDataLength + 1)*sizeof(char));
 876       GetStringData()->nDataLength = nDataLength;
 877     }
 878   }
 879
 880   return *this;
 881 }
 882
 883 // adds nCount characters chPad to the string from either side
 884 wxString& wxString::Pad(size_t nCount, char chPad, bool bFromRight)
 885 {
 886   wxString s(chPad, nCount);
 887
 888   if ( bFromRight )
 889     *this += s;
 890   else
 891   {
 892     s += *this;
 893     *this = s;
 894   }
 895
 896   return *this;
 897 }
 898
 899 // truncate the string
 900 wxString& wxString::Truncate(size_t uiLen)
 901 {
 902   if ( uiLen < Len() ) {
 903     CopyBeforeWrite();
 904
 905     *(m_pchData + uiLen) = '\0';
 906     GetStringData()->nDataLength = uiLen;
 907   }
 908   //else: nothing to do, string is already short enough
 909
 910   return *this;
 911 }
 912
 913 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 914 // finding (return NOT_FOUND if not found and index otherwise)
 915 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 916
 917 // find a character
 918 int wxString::Find(char ch, bool bFromEnd) const
 919 {
 920   const char *psz = bFromEnd ? strrchr(m_pchData, ch) : strchr(m_pchData, ch);
 921
 922   return (psz == NULL) ? NOT_FOUND : psz - m_pchData;
 923 }
 924
 925 // find a sub-string (like strstr)
 926 int wxString::Find(const char *pszSub) const
 927 {
 928   const char *psz = strstr(m_pchData, pszSub);
 929
 930   return (psz == NULL) ? NOT_FOUND : psz - m_pchData;
 931 }
 932
 933 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 934 // stream-like operators
 935 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 936 wxString& wxString::operator<<(int i)
 937 {
 938     wxString res;
 939     res.Printf("%d", i);
 940
 941     return (*this) << res;
 942 }
 943
 944 wxString& wxString::operator<<(float f)
 945 {
 946     wxString res;
 947     res.Printf("%f", f);
 948
 949     return (*this) << res;
 950 }
 951
 952 wxString& wxString::operator<<(double d)
 953 {
 954     wxString res;
 955     res.Printf("%g", d);
 956
 957     return (*this) << res;
 958 }
 959
 960 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 961 // formatted output
 962 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 963 int wxString::Printf(const char *pszFormat, ...)
 964 {
 965   va_list argptr;
 966   va_start(argptr, pszFormat);
 967
 968   int iLen = PrintfV(pszFormat, argptr);
 969
 970   va_end(argptr);
 971
 972   return iLen;
 973 }
 974
 975 int wxString::PrintfV(const char* pszFormat, va_list argptr)
 976 {
 977   // static buffer to avoid dynamic memory allocation each time
 978   static char s_szScratch[1024];
 979
 980   // NB: wxVsprintf() may return either less than the buffer size or -1 if there
 981   //     is not enough place depending on implementation
 982   int iLen = wxVsprintf(s_szScratch, WXSIZEOF(s_szScratch), pszFormat, argptr);
 983   char *buffer;
 984   if ( iLen < (int)WXSIZEOF(s_szScratch) ) {
 985     buffer = s_szScratch;
 986   }
 987   else {
 988       int size = WXSIZEOF(s_szScratch) * 2;
 989       buffer = (char *)malloc(size);
 990       while ( buffer != NULL ) {
 991           iLen = wxVsprintf(buffer, WXSIZEOF(s_szScratch), pszFormat, argptr);
 992           if ( iLen < size ) {
 993               // ok, there was enough space
 994               break;
 995           }
 996
 997           // still not enough, double it again
 998           buffer = (char *)realloc(buffer, size *= 2);
 999       }
1000
1001       if ( !buffer ) {
1002           // out of memory
1003           return -1;
1004       }
1005   }
1006
1007   AllocBeforeWrite(iLen);
1008   strcpy(m_pchData, buffer);
1009
1010   if ( buffer != s_szScratch )
1011       free(buffer);
1012
1013   return iLen;
1014 }
1015
1016 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1017 // misc other operations
1018 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1019 bool wxString::Matches(const char *pszMask) const
1020 {
1021   // check char by char
1022   const char *pszTxt;
1023   for ( pszTxt = c_str(); *pszMask != '\0'; pszMask++, pszTxt++ ) {
1024     switch ( *pszMask ) {
1025       case '?':
1026         if ( *pszTxt == '\0' )
1027           return FALSE;
1028
1029         pszTxt++;
1030         pszMask++;
1031         break;
1032
1033       case '*':
1034         {
1035           // ignore special chars immediately following this one
1036           while ( *pszMask == '*' || *pszMask == '?' )
1037             pszMask++;
1038
1039           // if there is nothing more, match
1040           if ( *pszMask == '\0' )
1041             return TRUE;
1042
1043           // are there any other metacharacters in the mask?
1044           size_t uiLenMask;
1045           const char *pEndMask = strpbrk(pszMask, "*?");
1046
1047           if ( pEndMask != NULL ) {
1048             // we have to match the string between two metachars
1049             uiLenMask = pEndMask - pszMask;
1050           }
1051           else {
1052             // we have to match the remainder of the string
1053             uiLenMask = strlen(pszMask);
1054           }
1055
1056           wxString strToMatch(pszMask, uiLenMask);
1057           const char* pMatch = strstr(pszTxt, strToMatch);
1058           if ( pMatch == NULL )
1059             return FALSE;
1060
1061           // -1 to compensate "++" in the loop
1062           pszTxt = pMatch + uiLenMask - 1;
1063           pszMask += uiLenMask - 1;
1064         }
1065         break;
1066
1067       default:
1068         if ( *pszMask != *pszTxt )
1069           return FALSE;
1070         break;
1071     }
1072   }
1073
1074   // match only if nothing left
1075   return *pszTxt == '\0';
1076 }
1077
1078 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
1079 // standard C++ library string functions
1080 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
1081 #ifdef  STD_STRING_COMPATIBILITY
1082
1083 wxString& wxString::insert(size_t nPos, const wxString& str)
1084 {
1085   wxASSERT( str.GetStringData()->IsValid() );
1086   wxASSERT( nPos <= Len() );
1087
1088   if ( !str.IsEmpty() ) {
1089     wxString strTmp;
1090     char *pc = strTmp.GetWriteBuf(Len() + str.Len());
1091     strncpy(pc, c_str(), nPos);
1092     strcpy(pc + nPos, str);
1093     strcpy(pc + nPos + str.Len(), c_str() + nPos);
1094     strTmp.UngetWriteBuf();
1095     *this = strTmp;
1096   }
1097
1098   return *this;
1099 }
1100
1101 size_t wxString::find(const wxString& str, size_t nStart) const
1102 {
1103   wxASSERT( str.GetStringData()->IsValid() );
1104   wxASSERT( nStart <= Len() );
1105
1106   const char *p = strstr(c_str() + nStart, str);
1107
1108   return p == NULL ? npos : p - c_str();
1109 }
1110
1111 // VC++ 1.5 can't cope with the default argument in the header.
1112 #if ! (defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(__WIN32__))
1113 size_t wxString::find(const char* sz, size_t nStart, size_t n) const
1114 {
1115   return find(wxString(sz, n == npos ? 0 : n), nStart);
1116 }
1117 #endif
1118
1119 size_t wxString::find(char ch, size_t nStart) const
1120 {
1121   wxASSERT( nStart <= Len() );
1122
1123   const char *p = strchr(c_str() + nStart, ch);
1124
1125   return p == NULL ? npos : p - c_str();
1126 }
1127
1128 size_t wxString::rfind(const wxString& str, size_t nStart) const
1129 {
1130   wxASSERT( str.GetStringData()->IsValid() );
1131   wxASSERT( nStart <= Len() );
1132
1133   // # could be quicker than that
1134   const char *p = c_str() + (nStart == npos ? Len() : nStart);
1135   while ( p >= c_str() + str.Len() ) {
1136     if ( strncmp(p - str.Len(), str, str.Len()) == 0 )
1137       return p - str.Len() - c_str();
1138     p--;
1139   }
1140
1141   return npos;
1142 }
1143
1144 // VC++ 1.5 can't cope with the default argument in the header.
1145 #if ! (defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(__WIN32__))
1146 size_t wxString::rfind(const char* sz, size_t nStart, size_t n) const
1147 {
1148   return rfind(wxString(sz, n == npos ? 0 : n), nStart);
1149 }
1150
1151 size_t wxString::rfind(char ch, size_t nStart) const
1152 {
1153   wxASSERT( nStart <= Len() );
1154
1155   const char *p = strrchr(c_str() + nStart, ch);
1156
1157   return p == NULL ? npos : p - c_str();
1158 }
1159 #endif
1160
1161 wxString wxString::substr(size_t nStart, size_t nLen) const
1162 {
1163   // npos means 'take all'
1164   if ( nLen == npos )
1165     nLen = 0;
1166
1167   wxASSERT( nStart + nLen <= Len() );
1168
1169   return wxString(c_str() + nStart, nLen == npos ? 0 : nLen);
1170 }
1171
1172 wxString& wxString::erase(size_t nStart, size_t nLen)
1173 {
1174   wxString strTmp(c_str(), nStart);
1175   if ( nLen != npos ) {
1176     wxASSERT( nStart + nLen <= Len() );
1177
1178     strTmp.append(c_str() + nStart + nLen);
1179   }
1180
1181   *this = strTmp;
1182   return *this;
1183 }
1184
1185 wxString& wxString::replace(size_t nStart, size_t nLen, const char *sz)
1186 {
1187   wxASSERT( nStart + nLen <= Strlen(sz) );
1188
1189   wxString strTmp;
1190   if ( nStart != 0 )
1191     strTmp.append(c_str(), nStart);
1192   strTmp += sz;
1193   strTmp.append(c_str() + nStart + nLen);
1194
1195   *this = strTmp;
1196   return *this;
1197 }
1198
1199 wxString& wxString::replace(size_t nStart, size_t nLen, size_t nCount, char ch)
1200 {
1201   return replace(nStart, nLen, wxString(ch, nCount));
1202 }
1203
1204 wxString& wxString::replace(size_t nStart, size_t nLen,
1205                             const wxString& str, size_t nStart2, size_t nLen2)
1206 {
1207   return replace(nStart, nLen, str.substr(nStart2, nLen2));
1208 }
1209
1210 wxString& wxString::replace(size_t nStart, size_t nLen,
1211                         const char* sz, size_t nCount)
1212 {
1213   return replace(nStart, nLen, wxString(sz, nCount));
1214 }
1215
1216 #endif  //std::string compatibility
1217
1218 // ============================================================================
1219 // ArrayString
1220 // ============================================================================
1221
1222 // size increment = max(50% of current size, ARRAY_MAXSIZE_INCREMENT)
1223 #define   ARRAY_MAXSIZE_INCREMENT       4096
1224 #ifndef   ARRAY_DEFAULT_INITIAL_SIZE    // also defined in dynarray.h
1225   #define   ARRAY_DEFAULT_INITIAL_SIZE    (16)
1226 #endif
1227
1228 #define   STRING(p)   ((wxString *)(&(p)))
1229
1230 // ctor
1231 wxArrayString::wxArrayString()
1232 {
1233   m_nSize  =
1234   m_nCount = 0;
1235   m_pItems = (char **) NULL;
1236 }
1237
1238 // copy ctor
1239 wxArrayString::wxArrayString(const wxArrayString& src)
1240 {
1241   m_nSize  =
1242   m_nCount = 0;
1243   m_pItems = (char **) NULL;
1244
1245   *this = src;
1246 }
1247
1248 // assignment operator
1249 wxArrayString& wxArrayString::operator=(const wxArrayString& src)
1250 {
1251   if ( m_nSize > 0 )
1252     Clear();
1253
1254   if ( src.m_nCount > ARRAY_DEFAULT_INITIAL_SIZE )
1255     Alloc(src.m_nCount);
1256
1257   // we can't just copy the pointers here because otherwise we would share
1258   // the strings with another array
1259   for ( size_t n = 0; n < src.m_nCount; n++ )
1260     Add(src[n]);
1261
1262   if ( m_nCount != 0 )
1263     memcpy(m_pItems, src.m_pItems, m_nCount*sizeof(char *));
1264
1265   return *this;
1266 }
1267
1268 // grow the array
1269 void wxArrayString::Grow()
1270 {
1271   // only do it if no more place
1272   if( m_nCount == m_nSize ) {
1273     if( m_nSize == 0 ) {
1274       // was empty, alloc some memory
1275       m_nSize = ARRAY_DEFAULT_INITIAL_SIZE;
1276       m_pItems = new char *[m_nSize];
1277     }
1278     else {
1279       // otherwise when it's called for the first time, nIncrement would be 0
1280       // and the array would never be expanded
1281       wxASSERT( ARRAY_DEFAULT_INITIAL_SIZE != 0 );
1282
1283       // add 50% but not too much
1284       size_t nIncrement = m_nSize < ARRAY_DEFAULT_INITIAL_SIZE
1285                           ? ARRAY_DEFAULT_INITIAL_SIZE : m_nSize >> 1;
1286       if ( nIncrement > ARRAY_MAXSIZE_INCREMENT )
1287         nIncrement = ARRAY_MAXSIZE_INCREMENT;
1288       m_nSize += nIncrement;
1289       char **pNew = new char *[m_nSize];
1290
1291       // copy data to new location
1292       memcpy(pNew, m_pItems, m_nCount*sizeof(char *));
1293
1294       // delete old memory (but do not release the strings!)
1295       wxDELETEA(m_pItems);
1296
1297       m_pItems = pNew;
1298     }
1299   }
1300 }
1301
1302 void wxArrayString::Free()
1303 {
1304   for ( size_t n = 0; n < m_nCount; n++ ) {
1305     STRING(m_pItems[n])->GetStringData()->Unlock();
1306   }
1307 }
1308
1309 // deletes all the strings from the list
1310 void wxArrayString::Empty()
1311 {
1312   Free();
1313
1314   m_nCount = 0;
1315 }
1316
1317 // as Empty, but also frees memory
1318 void wxArrayString::Clear()
1319 {
1320   Free();
1321
1322   m_nSize  =
1323   m_nCount = 0;
1324
1325   wxDELETEA(m_pItems);
1326 }
1327
1328 // dtor
1329 wxArrayString::~wxArrayString()
1330 {
1331   Free();
1332
1333   wxDELETEA(m_pItems);
1334 }
1335
1336 // pre-allocates memory (frees the previous data!)
1337 void wxArrayString::Alloc(size_t nSize)
1338 {
1339   wxASSERT( nSize > 0 );
1340
1341   // only if old buffer was not big enough
1342   if ( nSize > m_nSize ) {
1343     Free();
1344     wxDELETEA(m_pItems);
1345     m_pItems = new char *[nSize];
1346     m_nSize  = nSize;
1347   }
1348
1349   m_nCount = 0;
1350 }
1351
1352 // searches the array for an item (forward or backwards)
1353 int wxArrayString::Index(const char *sz, bool bCase, bool bFromEnd) const
1354 {
1355   if ( bFromEnd ) {
1356     if ( m_nCount > 0 ) {
1357       size_t ui = m_nCount;
1358       do {
1359         if ( STRING(m_pItems[--ui])->IsSameAs(sz, bCase) )
1360           return ui;
1361       }
1362       while ( ui != 0 );
1363     }
1364   }
1365   else {
1366     for( size_t ui = 0; ui < m_nCount; ui++ ) {
1367       if( STRING(m_pItems[ui])->IsSameAs(sz, bCase) )
1368         return ui;
1369     }
1370   }
1371
1372   return NOT_FOUND;
1373 }
1374
1375 // add item at the end
1376 void wxArrayString::Add(const wxString& str)
1377 {
1378   wxASSERT( str.GetStringData()->IsValid() );
1379
1380   Grow();
1381
1382   // the string data must not be deleted!
1383   str.GetStringData()->Lock();
1384   m_pItems[m_nCount++] = (char *)str.c_str();
1385 }
1386
1387 // add item at the given position
1388 void wxArrayString::Insert(const wxString& str, size_t nIndex)
1389 {
1390   wxASSERT( str.GetStringData()->IsValid() );
1391
1392   wxCHECK_RET( nIndex <= m_nCount, ("bad index in wxArrayString::Insert") );
1393
1394   Grow();
1395
1396   memmove(&m_pItems[nIndex + 1], &m_pItems[nIndex],
1397           (m_nCount - nIndex)*sizeof(char *));
1398
1399   str.GetStringData()->Lock();
1400   m_pItems[nIndex] = (char *)str.c_str();
1401
1402   m_nCount++;
1403 }
1404
1405 // removes item from array (by index)
1406 void wxArrayString::Remove(size_t nIndex)
1407 {
1408   wxCHECK_RET( nIndex <= m_nCount, _("bad index in wxArrayString::Remove") );
1409
1410   // release our lock
1411   Item(nIndex).GetStringData()->Unlock();
1412
1413   memmove(&m_pItems[nIndex], &m_pItems[nIndex + 1],
1414           (m_nCount - nIndex - 1)*sizeof(char *));
1415   m_nCount--;
1416 }
1417
1418 // removes item from array (by value)
1419 void wxArrayString::Remove(const char *sz)
1420 {
1421   int iIndex = Index(sz);
1422
1423   wxCHECK_RET( iIndex != NOT_FOUND,
1424                _("removing inexistent element in wxArrayString::Remove") );
1425
1426   Remove(iIndex);
1427 }
1428
1429 // sort array elements using passed comparaison function
1430
1431 void wxArrayString::Sort(bool WXUNUSED(bCase), bool WXUNUSED(bReverse) )
1432 {
1433   //@@@@ TO DO
1434   //qsort(m_pItems, m_nCount, sizeof(char *), fCmp);
1435 }