samples/scroll/scroll.cpp

   1 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
   2 // Name:        scroll.cpp
   3 // Purpose:     wxScrolledWindow sample
   4 // Author:      Robert Roebling
   5 // Modified by:
   6 // Created:
   7 // RCS-ID:      $Id$
   8 // Copyright:   (C) 1998 Robert Roebling, 2002 Ron Lee, 2003 Matt Gregory
   9 // Licence:     wxWindows license
  10 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
  11
  12 // For compilers that support precompilation, includes "wx/wx.h".
  13 #include "wx/wxprec.h"
  14
  15 #ifdef __BORLANDC__
  16 #pragma hdrstop
  17 #endif
  18
  19 #ifndef WX_PRECOMP
  20 #include "wx/wx.h"
  21 #endif
  22
  23 #include "wx/image.h"
  24 #include "wx/listctrl.h"
  25 #include "wx/sizer.h"
  26 #include "wx/log.h"
  27
  28 const long ID_QUIT       = wxID_EXIT;
  29 const long ID_ABOUT      = wxID_ABOUT;
  30 const long ID_DELETE_ALL = 100;
  31 const long ID_INSERT_NEW = 101;
  32
  33 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
  34 // a trivial example
  35 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
  36
  37 class MySimpleFrame;
  38 class MySimpleCanvas;
  39
  40 // MySimpleCanvas
  41
  42 class MySimpleCanvas: public wxScrolledWindow
  43 {
  44 public:
  45     MySimpleCanvas() { }
  46     MySimpleCanvas( wxWindow *parent, wxWindowID, const wxPoint &pos, const wxSize &size );
  47
  48     void OnPaint( wxPaintEvent &event );
  49
  50 private:
  51     DECLARE_DYNAMIC_CLASS(MyCanvas)
  52     DECLARE_EVENT_TABLE()
  53 };
  54
  55 IMPLEMENT_DYNAMIC_CLASS(MySimpleCanvas, wxScrolledWindow)
  56
  57 BEGIN_EVENT_TABLE(MySimpleCanvas, wxScrolledWindow)
  58   EVT_PAINT(      MySimpleCanvas::OnPaint)
  59 END_EVENT_TABLE()
  60
  61 MySimpleCanvas::MySimpleCanvas( wxWindow *parent, wxWindowID id,
  62                     const wxPoint &pos, const wxSize &size )
  63     : wxScrolledWindow( parent, id, pos, size, wxSUNKEN_BORDER, _T("test canvas") )
  64 {
  65     SetScrollRate( 10, 10 );
  66     SetVirtualSize( 92, 97 );
  67     SetBackgroundColour( *wxWHITE );
  68 }
  69
  70 void MySimpleCanvas::OnPaint( wxPaintEvent &WXUNUSED(event) )
  71 {
  72     wxPaintDC dc(this);
  73     PrepareDC( dc );
  74
  75     dc.SetPen( *wxRED_PEN );
  76     dc.SetBrush( *wxTRANSPARENT_BRUSH );
  77     dc.DrawRectangle( 0,0,92,97 );
  78 }
  79
  80 // MySimpleFrame
  81
  82 class MySimpleFrame: public wxFrame
  83 {
  84 public:
  85     MySimpleFrame();
  86
  87     void OnQuit( wxCommandEvent &event );
  88
  89     MySimpleCanvas         *m_canvas;
  90
  91 private:
  92     DECLARE_DYNAMIC_CLASS(MySimpleFrame)
  93     DECLARE_EVENT_TABLE()
  94 };
  95
  96
  97 IMPLEMENT_DYNAMIC_CLASS( MySimpleFrame, wxFrame )
  98
  99 BEGIN_EVENT_TABLE(MySimpleFrame,wxFrame)
 100   EVT_MENU    (ID_QUIT,  MySimpleFrame::OnQuit)
 101 END_EVENT_TABLE()
 102
 103 MySimpleFrame::MySimpleFrame()
 104        : wxFrame( (wxFrame *)NULL, wxID_ANY, _T("wxScrolledWindow sample"),
 105                   wxPoint(120,120), wxSize(150,150) )
 106 {
 107     wxMenu *file_menu = new wxMenu();
 108     file_menu->Append( ID_QUIT,       _T("E&xit\tAlt-X"));
 109
 110     wxMenuBar *menu_bar = new wxMenuBar();
 111     menu_bar->Append(file_menu, _T("&File"));
 112
 113     SetMenuBar( menu_bar );
 114
 115     m_canvas = new MySimpleCanvas( this, wxID_ANY, wxPoint(0,0), wxSize(100,100) );
 116 }
 117
 118 void MySimpleFrame::OnQuit( wxCommandEvent &WXUNUSED(event) )
 119 {
 120   Close( true );
 121 }
 122
 123 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 124 // a complex example
 125 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 126
 127 // derived classes
 128
 129 class MyFrame;
 130 class MyApp;
 131
 132 // MyCanvas
 133
 134 class MyCanvas: public wxScrolledWindow
 135 {
 136 public:
 137     MyCanvas() {}
 138     MyCanvas( wxWindow *parent, wxWindowID, const wxPoint &pos, const wxSize &size );
 139     ~MyCanvas(){};
 140     void OnPaint( wxPaintEvent &event );
 141     void OnQueryPosition( wxCommandEvent &event );
 142     void OnAddButton( wxCommandEvent &event );
 143     void OnDeleteButton( wxCommandEvent &event );
 144     void OnMoveButton( wxCommandEvent &event );
 145     void OnScrollWin( wxCommandEvent &event );
 146     void OnMouseRightDown( wxMouseEvent &event );
 147     void OnMouseWheel( wxMouseEvent &event );
 148
 149     wxButton *m_button;
 150
 151     DECLARE_DYNAMIC_CLASS(MyCanvas)
 152     DECLARE_EVENT_TABLE()
 153 };
 154
 155
 156 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 157 // Autoscrolling example.
 158 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 159
 160 // this class uses the 'virtual' size attribute along with an internal
 161 // sizer to automatically set up scrollbars as needed
 162
 163 class MyAutoScrollWindow : public wxScrolledWindow
 164 {
 165 private:
 166
 167     wxButton    *m_button;
 168
 169 public:
 170
 171     MyAutoScrollWindow( wxWindow *parent );
 172
 173     void OnResizeClick( wxCommandEvent &WXUNUSED( event ) );
 174
 175     DECLARE_EVENT_TABLE()
 176 };
 177
 178
 179 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 180 // MyScrolledWindow classes: examples of wxScrolledWindow usage
 181 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 182
 183 // base class for both of them
 184 class MyScrolledWindowBase : public wxScrolledWindow
 185 {
 186 public:
 187     MyScrolledWindowBase(wxWindow *parent)
 188         : wxScrolledWindow(parent)
 189         , m_nLines( 100 )
 190     {
 191         wxClientDC dc(this);
 192         dc.GetTextExtent(_T("Line 17"), NULL, &m_hLine);
 193     }
 194
 195 protected:
 196     // the height of one line on screen
 197     wxCoord m_hLine;
 198
 199     // the number of lines we draw
 200     size_t m_nLines;
 201 };
 202
 203 // this class does "stupid" redrawing - it redraws everything each time
 204 // and sets the scrollbar extent directly.
 205
 206 class MyScrolledWindowDumb : public MyScrolledWindowBase
 207 {
 208 public:
 209     MyScrolledWindowDumb(wxWindow *parent) : MyScrolledWindowBase(parent)
 210     {
 211         // no horz scrolling
 212         SetScrollbars(0, m_hLine, 0, m_nLines + 1, 0, 0, true /* no refresh */);
 213     }
 214
 215     virtual void OnDraw(wxDC& dc);
 216 };
 217
 218 // this class does "smart" redrawing - only redraws the lines which must be
 219 // redrawn and sets the scroll rate and virtual size to affect the
 220 // scrollbars.
 221 //
 222 // Note that this class should produce identical results to the one above.
 223
 224 class MyScrolledWindowSmart : public MyScrolledWindowBase
 225 {
 226 public:
 227     MyScrolledWindowSmart(wxWindow *parent) : MyScrolledWindowBase(parent)
 228     {
 229         // no horz scrolling
 230         SetScrollRate( 0, m_hLine );
 231         SetVirtualSize( wxDefaultCoord, ( m_nLines + 1 ) * m_hLine );
 232     }
 233
 234     virtual void OnDraw(wxDC& dc);
 235 };
 236
 237 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 238 // MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow: implements a text viewer with simple blocksize
 239 //                             selection to test auto-scrolling functionality
 240 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 241
 242 class MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow : public wxScrolledWindow
 243 {
 244 protected:  // member data
 245     // test data variables
 246     static const wxChar* sm_testData;
 247     static const int sm_lineCnt; // line count
 248     static const int sm_lineLen; // line length in characters
 249     // sizes for graphical data
 250     wxCoord m_fontH, m_fontW;
 251     // selection tracking
 252     wxPoint m_selStart; // beginning of blockwise selection
 253     wxPoint m_cursor;   // end of blockwise selection (mouse position)
 254
 255 protected:  // gui stuff
 256     wxFont m_font;
 257
 258 public: // interface
 259     MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow( wxWindow* parent );
 260     wxRect DeviceCoordsToGraphicalChars(wxRect updRect) const;
 261     wxPoint DeviceCoordsToGraphicalChars(wxPoint pos) const;
 262     wxPoint GraphicalCharToDeviceCoords(wxPoint pos) const;
 263     wxRect LogicalCoordsToGraphicalChars(wxRect updRect) const;
 264     wxPoint LogicalCoordsToGraphicalChars(wxPoint pos) const;
 265     wxPoint GraphicalCharToLogicalCoords(wxPoint pos) const;
 266     void MyRefresh();
 267     bool IsSelected(int chX, int chY) const;
 268     static bool IsInside(int k, int bound1, int bound2);
 269     static wxRect DCNormalize(wxCoord x, wxCoord y, wxCoord w, wxCoord h);
 270
 271 protected: // event stuff
 272     void OnDraw(wxDC& dc);
 273     void OnMouseLeftDown(wxMouseEvent& event);
 274     void OnMouseLeftUp(wxMouseEvent& event);
 275     void OnMouseMove(wxMouseEvent& event);
 276     void OnMouseCaptureLost(wxMouseCaptureLostEvent& event);
 277     void OnScroll(wxScrollWinEvent& event);
 278
 279     DECLARE_EVENT_TABLE()
 280 };
 281
 282 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 283 // MyFrame
 284 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 285
 286 class MyFrame: public wxFrame
 287 {
 288 public:
 289     MyFrame();
 290
 291     void OnAbout( wxCommandEvent &event );
 292     void OnQuit( wxCommandEvent &event );
 293     void OnDeleteAll( wxCommandEvent &event );
 294     void OnInsertNew( wxCommandEvent &event );
 295
 296     MyCanvas         *m_canvas;
 297     wxTextCtrl       *m_log;
 298
 299     DECLARE_DYNAMIC_CLASS(MyFrame)
 300     DECLARE_EVENT_TABLE()
 301 };
 302
 303 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 304 // MyApp
 305 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 306
 307 class MyApp: public wxApp
 308 {
 309 public:
 310     virtual bool OnInit();
 311 };
 312
 313
 314 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 315 // main program
 316 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 317
 318 IMPLEMENT_APP(MyApp)
 319
 320 // ids
 321
 322 const long   ID_ADDBUTTON   = wxNewId();
 323 const long   ID_DELBUTTON   = wxNewId();
 324 const long   ID_MOVEBUTTON  = wxNewId();
 325 const long   ID_SCROLLWIN   = wxNewId();
 326 const long   ID_QUERYPOS    = wxNewId();
 327
 328 const long   ID_NEWBUTTON   = wxNewId();
 329
 330 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 331 // MyCanvas
 332 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 333
 334 IMPLEMENT_DYNAMIC_CLASS(MyCanvas, wxScrolledWindow)
 335
 336 BEGIN_EVENT_TABLE(MyCanvas, wxScrolledWindow)
 337   EVT_PAINT(                  MyCanvas::OnPaint)
 338   EVT_RIGHT_DOWN(             MyCanvas::OnMouseRightDown)
 339   EVT_MOUSEWHEEL(             MyCanvas::OnMouseWheel)
 340   EVT_BUTTON( ID_QUERYPOS,    MyCanvas::OnQueryPosition)
 341   EVT_BUTTON( ID_ADDBUTTON,   MyCanvas::OnAddButton)
 342   EVT_BUTTON( ID_DELBUTTON,   MyCanvas::OnDeleteButton)
 343   EVT_BUTTON( ID_MOVEBUTTON,  MyCanvas::OnMoveButton)
 344   EVT_BUTTON( ID_SCROLLWIN,   MyCanvas::OnScrollWin)
 345 END_EVENT_TABLE()
 346
 347 MyCanvas::MyCanvas( wxWindow *parent, wxWindowID id,
 348                     const wxPoint &pos, const wxSize &size )
 349     : wxScrolledWindow( parent, id, pos, size, wxSUNKEN_BORDER | wxTAB_TRAVERSAL, _T("test canvas") )
 350 {
 351     SetScrollRate( 10, 10 );
 352     SetVirtualSize( 500, 1000 );
 353
 354     (void) new wxButton( this, ID_ADDBUTTON,  _T("add button"), wxPoint(10,10) );
 355     (void) new wxButton( this, ID_DELBUTTON,  _T("del button"), wxPoint(10,40) );
 356     (void) new wxButton( this, ID_MOVEBUTTON, _T("move button"), wxPoint(150,10) );
 357     (void) new wxButton( this, ID_SCROLLWIN,  _T("scroll win"), wxPoint(250,10) );
 358
 359 #if 0
 360
 361     wxString choices[] =
 362     {
 363         "This",
 364         "is one of my",
 365         "really",
 366         "wonderful",
 367         "examples."
 368     };
 369
 370     m_button = new wxButton( this, ID_QUERYPOS, "Query position", wxPoint(10,110) );
 371
 372     (void) new wxTextCtrl( this, wxID_ANY, "wxTextCtrl", wxPoint(10,150), wxSize(80,wxDefaultCoord) );
 373
 374     (void) new wxRadioButton( this, wxID_ANY, "Disable", wxPoint(10,190) );
 375
 376     (void) new wxComboBox( this, wxID_ANY, "This", wxPoint(10,230), wxDefaultSize, 5, choices );
 377
 378     (void) new wxRadioBox( this, wxID_ANY, "This", wxPoint(10,310), wxDefaultSize, 5, choices, 2, wxRA_SPECIFY_COLS );
 379
 380     (void) new wxRadioBox( this, wxID_ANY, "This", wxPoint(10,440), wxDefaultSize, 5, choices, 2, wxRA_SPECIFY_ROWS );
 381
 382     wxListCtrl *m_listCtrl = new wxListCtrl(
 383             this, wxID_ANY, wxPoint(200, 110), wxSize(180, 120),
 384             wxLC_REPORT | wxSIMPLE_BORDER | wxLC_SINGLE_SEL );
 385
 386     m_listCtrl->InsertColumn(0, "First", wxLIST_FORMAT_LEFT, 90);
 387     m_listCtrl->InsertColumn(1, "Last", wxLIST_FORMAT_LEFT, 90);
 388
 389     for ( int i=0; i < 30; i++)
 390     {
 391         char buf[20];
 392         sprintf(buf, "Item %d", i);
 393         m_listCtrl->InsertItem(i, buf);
 394     }
 395     m_listCtrl->SetItemState( 3, wxLIST_STATE_SELECTED, wxLIST_STATE_SELECTED );
 396
 397     (void) new wxListBox( this, wxID_ANY, wxPoint(260,280), wxSize(120,120), 5, choices, wxLB_ALWAYS_SB );
 398
 399 #endif
 400
 401     wxPanel *test = new wxPanel( this, wxID_ANY, wxPoint(10, 110), wxSize(130,50), wxSIMPLE_BORDER | wxTAB_TRAVERSAL );
 402     test->SetBackgroundColour( wxT("WHEAT") );
 403
 404 #if 0
 405
 406     wxButton *test2 = new wxButton( test, wxID_ANY, "Hallo", wxPoint(10,10) );
 407
 408     test = new wxPanel( this, wxID_ANY, wxPoint(160, 530), wxSize(130,120), wxSUNKEN_BORDER | wxTAB_TRAVERSAL );
 409     test->SetBackgroundColour( wxT("WHEAT") );
 410     test->SetCursor( wxCursor( wxCURSOR_NO_ENTRY ) );
 411     test2 = new wxButton( test, wxID_ANY, "Hallo", wxPoint(10,10) );
 412     test2->SetCursor( wxCursor( wxCURSOR_PENCIL ) );
 413
 414     test = new wxPanel( this, wxID_ANY, wxPoint(310, 530), wxSize(130,120), wxRAISED_BORDER | wxTAB_TRAVERSAL );
 415     test->SetBackgroundColour( wxT("WHEAT") );
 416     test->SetCursor( wxCursor( wxCURSOR_PENCIL ) );
 417     test2 = new wxButton( test, wxID_ANY, "Hallo", wxPoint(10,10) );
 418     test2->SetCursor( wxCursor( wxCURSOR_NO_ENTRY ) );
 419
 420 #endif
 421
 422     SetBackgroundColour( wxT("BLUE") );
 423
 424     SetCursor( wxCursor( wxCURSOR_IBEAM ) );
 425 }
 426
 427 void MyCanvas::OnMouseRightDown( wxMouseEvent &event )
 428 {
 429     wxPoint pt( event.GetPosition() );
 430     int x,y;
 431     CalcUnscrolledPosition( pt.x, pt.y, &x, &y );
 432     wxLogMessage( wxT("Mouse down event at: %d %d, scrolled: %d %d"), pt.x, pt.y, x, y );
 433 }
 434
 435 void MyCanvas::OnMouseWheel( wxMouseEvent &event )
 436 {
 437     wxPoint pt( event.GetPosition() );
 438     int x,y;
 439     CalcUnscrolledPosition( pt.x, pt.y, &x, &y );
 440     wxLogMessage( wxT("Mouse wheel event at: %d %d, scrolled: %d %d\n")
 441                   wxT("Rotation: %d, delta = %d"),
 442                   pt.x, pt.y, x, y,
 443                   event.GetWheelRotation(), event.GetWheelDelta() );
 444
 445     event.Skip();
 446 }
 447
 448 void MyCanvas::OnPaint( wxPaintEvent &WXUNUSED(event) )
 449 {
 450     wxPaintDC dc( this );
 451     PrepareDC( dc );
 452
 453     dc.DrawText( _T("Press mouse button to test calculations!"), 160, 50 );
 454
 455     dc.DrawText( _T("Some text"), 140, 140 );
 456
 457     dc.DrawRectangle( 100, 160, 200, 200 );
 458 }
 459
 460 void MyCanvas::OnQueryPosition( wxCommandEvent &WXUNUSED(event) )
 461 {
 462     wxPoint pt( m_button->GetPosition() );
 463     wxLogMessage( wxT("Position of \"Query position\" is %d %d"), pt.x, pt.y );
 464     pt = ClientToScreen( pt );
 465     wxLogMessage( wxT("Position of \"Query position\" on screen is %d %d"), pt.x, pt.y );
 466 }
 467
 468 void MyCanvas::OnAddButton( wxCommandEvent &WXUNUSED(event) )
 469 {
 470     wxLogMessage( wxT("Inserting button at position 10,70...") );
 471     wxButton *button = new wxButton( this, ID_NEWBUTTON, wxT("new button"), wxPoint(10,70), wxSize(80,25) );
 472     wxPoint pt( button->GetPosition() );
 473     wxLogMessage( wxT("-> Position after inserting %d %d"), pt.x, pt.y );
 474 }
 475
 476 void MyCanvas::OnDeleteButton( wxCommandEvent &WXUNUSED(event) )
 477 {
 478     wxLogMessage( wxT("Deleting button inserted with \"Add button\"...") );
 479     wxWindow *win = FindWindow( ID_NEWBUTTON );
 480     if (win)
 481        win->Destroy();
 482     else
 483        wxLogMessage( wxT("-> No window with id = ID_NEWBUTTON found.") );
 484 }
 485
 486 void MyCanvas::OnMoveButton( wxCommandEvent &event )
 487 {
 488     wxLogMessage( wxT("Moving button 10 pixels downward..") );
 489     wxWindow *win = FindWindow( event.GetId() );
 490     wxPoint pt( win->GetPosition() );
 491     wxLogMessage( wxT("-> Position before move is %d %d"), pt.x, pt.y );
 492     win->Move( wxDefaultCoord, pt.y + 10 );
 493     pt = win->GetPosition();
 494     wxLogMessage( wxT("-> Position after move is %d %d"), pt.x, pt.y );
 495 }
 496
 497 void MyCanvas::OnScrollWin( wxCommandEvent &WXUNUSED(event) )
 498 {
 499     wxLogMessage( wxT("Scrolling 2 units up.\nThe white square and the controls should move equally!") );
 500     int x,y;
 501     GetViewStart( &x, &y );
 502     Scroll( wxDefaultCoord, y+2 );
 503 }
 504
 505 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 506 // MyAutoScrollWindow
 507 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 508
 509 const long   ID_RESIZEBUTTON = wxNewId();
 510 const wxSize SMALL_BUTTON( 100, 50 );
 511 const wxSize LARGE_BUTTON( 300, 100 );
 512
 513 BEGIN_EVENT_TABLE( MyAutoScrollWindow, wxScrolledWindow)
 514   EVT_BUTTON( ID_RESIZEBUTTON,    MyAutoScrollWindow::OnResizeClick)
 515 END_EVENT_TABLE()
 516
 517 MyAutoScrollWindow::MyAutoScrollWindow( wxWindow *parent )
 518     : wxScrolledWindow( parent, -1, wxDefaultPosition, wxDefaultSize,
 519                         wxSUNKEN_BORDER|wxScrolledWindowStyle )
 520 {
 521     SetBackgroundColour( wxT("GREEN") );
 522
 523     // Set the rate we'd like for scrolling.
 524
 525     SetScrollRate( 5, 5 );
 526
 527     // Populate a sizer with a 'resizing' button and some
 528     // other static decoration
 529
 530     wxFlexGridSizer  *innersizer = new wxFlexGridSizer( 2, 2 );
 531
 532     m_button = new wxButton( this,
 533                              ID_RESIZEBUTTON,
 534                              _T("Press me"),
 535                              wxDefaultPosition,
 536                              SMALL_BUTTON );
 537
 538     m_button->SetSizeHints( SMALL_BUTTON.GetWidth(), SMALL_BUTTON.GetHeight() );
 539
 540     innersizer->Add( m_button,
 541                      0,
 542                      wxALIGN_CENTER | wxALL,
 543                      20 );
 544
 545     innersizer->Add( new wxStaticText( this, wxID_ANY, _T("This is just") ),
 546                     0,
 547                     wxALIGN_CENTER );
 548
 549     innersizer->Add( new wxStaticText( this, wxID_ANY, _T("some decoration") ),
 550                     0,
 551                     wxALIGN_CENTER );
 552
 553     innersizer->Add( new wxStaticText( this, wxID_ANY, _T("for you to scroll...") ),
 554                     0,
 555                     wxALIGN_CENTER );
 556
 557     // Then use the sizer to set the scrolled region size.
 558
 559     SetSizer( innersizer );
 560 }
 561
 562 void MyAutoScrollWindow::OnResizeClick( wxCommandEvent &WXUNUSED( event ) )
 563 {
 564     // Arbitrarily resize the button to change the minimum size of
 565     // the (scrolled) sizer.
 566
 567     if( m_button->GetSize() == SMALL_BUTTON )
 568         m_button->SetSizeHints( LARGE_BUTTON.GetWidth(), LARGE_BUTTON.GetHeight() );
 569     else
 570         m_button->SetSizeHints( SMALL_BUTTON.GetWidth(), SMALL_BUTTON.GetHeight() );
 571
 572     // Force update layout and scrollbars, since nothing we do here
 573     // necessarily generates a size event which would do it for us.
 574
 575     FitInside();
 576 }
 577
 578 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 579 // MyFrame
 580 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 581
 582 IMPLEMENT_DYNAMIC_CLASS( MyFrame, wxFrame )
 583
 584 BEGIN_EVENT_TABLE(MyFrame,wxFrame)
 585   EVT_MENU    (ID_DELETE_ALL, MyFrame::OnDeleteAll)
 586   EVT_MENU    (ID_INSERT_NEW,  MyFrame::OnInsertNew)
 587   EVT_MENU    (ID_ABOUT, MyFrame::OnAbout)
 588   EVT_MENU    (ID_QUIT,  MyFrame::OnQuit)
 589 END_EVENT_TABLE()
 590
 591 MyFrame::MyFrame()
 592        : wxFrame( (wxFrame *)NULL, wxID_ANY, _T("wxScrolledWindow sample"),
 593                   wxPoint(20,20), wxSize(800,500) )
 594 {
 595     wxMenu *file_menu = new wxMenu();
 596     file_menu->Append( ID_DELETE_ALL, _T("Delete all"));
 597     file_menu->Append( ID_INSERT_NEW, _T("Insert new"));
 598     file_menu->Append( ID_ABOUT,      _T("&About.."));
 599     file_menu->Append( ID_QUIT,       _T("E&xit\tAlt-X"));
 600
 601     wxMenuBar *menu_bar = new wxMenuBar();
 602     menu_bar->Append(file_menu, _T("&File"));
 603
 604     SetMenuBar( menu_bar );
 605
 606 #if wxUSE_STATUSBAR
 607     CreateStatusBar(2);
 608     int widths[] = { -1, 100 };
 609     SetStatusWidths( 2, widths );
 610 #endif // wxUSE_STATUSBAR
 611
 612      wxBoxSizer *topsizer = new wxBoxSizer( wxHORIZONTAL );
 613      // subsizer splits topsizer down the middle
 614      wxBoxSizer *subsizer = new wxBoxSizer( wxVERTICAL );
 615
 616     // Setting an explicit size here is superfluous, it will be overridden
 617     // by the sizer in any case.
 618     m_canvas = new MyCanvas( this, wxID_ANY, wxPoint(0,0), wxSize(100,100) );
 619
 620     // This is done with ScrollRate/VirtualSize in MyCanvas ctor now,
 621     // both should produce identical results.
 622     //m_canvas->SetScrollbars( 10, 10, 50, 100 );
 623
 624     subsizer->Add( m_canvas, 1, wxEXPAND );
 625     subsizer->Add( new MyAutoScrollWindow( this ), 1, wxEXPAND );
 626
 627     wxSizer *sizerBtm = new wxBoxSizer(wxHORIZONTAL);
 628     sizerBtm->Add( new MyScrolledWindowDumb(this), 1, wxEXPAND );
 629     sizerBtm->Add( new MyScrolledWindowSmart(this), 1, wxEXPAND );
 630     subsizer->Add( sizerBtm, 1, wxEXPAND );
 631
 632     topsizer->Add( subsizer, 1, wxEXPAND );
 633     topsizer->Add( new MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow( this ), 1, wxEXPAND );
 634
 635     SetSizer( topsizer );
 636 }
 637
 638 void MyFrame::OnDeleteAll( wxCommandEvent &WXUNUSED(event) )
 639 {
 640     m_canvas->DestroyChildren();
 641 }
 642
 643 void MyFrame::OnInsertNew( wxCommandEvent &WXUNUSED(event) )
 644 {
 645     (void)new wxButton( m_canvas, wxID_ANY, _T("Hello"), wxPoint(100,100) );
 646 }
 647
 648 void MyFrame::OnQuit( wxCommandEvent &WXUNUSED(event) )
 649 {
 650   Close( true );
 651 }
 652
 653 void MyFrame::OnAbout( wxCommandEvent &WXUNUSED(event) )
 654 {
 655    (void)wxMessageBox( _T("wxScroll demo\n")
 656                        _T("Robert Roebling (c) 1998\n")
 657                        _T("Autoscrolling examples\n")
 658                        _T("Ron Lee (c) 2002\n")
 659                        _T("Auto-timed-scrolling example\n")
 660                        _T("Matt Gregory (c) 2003\n"),
 661                        _T("About wxScroll Demo"),
 662                        wxICON_INFORMATION | wxOK );
 663 }
 664
 665 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 666 // MyApp
 667 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 668
 669 bool MyApp::OnInit()
 670 {
 671     if ( !wxApp::OnInit() )
 672         return false;
 673
 674     wxFrame *frame = new MyFrame();
 675     frame->Show( true );
 676
 677     frame = new MySimpleFrame();
 678     frame->Show();
 679
 680     return true;
 681 }
 682
 683 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 684 // MyScrolledWindowXXX
 685 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 686
 687 void MyScrolledWindowDumb::OnDraw(wxDC& dc)
 688 {
 689     // this is useful to see which lines are redrawn
 690     static size_t s_redrawCount = 0;
 691     dc.SetTextForeground(s_redrawCount++ % 2 ? *wxRED : *wxBLUE);
 692
 693     wxCoord y = 0;
 694     for ( size_t line = 0; line < m_nLines; line++ )
 695     {
 696         wxCoord yPhys;
 697         CalcScrolledPosition(0, y, NULL, &yPhys);
 698
 699         dc.DrawText(wxString::Format(_T("Line %u (logical %d, physical %d)"),
 700                                      unsigned(line), y, yPhys), 0, y);
 701         y += m_hLine;
 702     }
 703 }
 704
 705 void MyScrolledWindowSmart::OnDraw(wxDC& dc)
 706 {
 707     // this is useful to see which lines are redrawn
 708     static size_t s_redrawCount = 0;
 709     dc.SetTextForeground(s_redrawCount++ % 2 ? *wxRED : *wxBLUE);
 710
 711     // update region is always in device coords, translate to logical ones
 712     wxRect rectUpdate = GetUpdateRegion().GetBox();
 713     CalcUnscrolledPosition(rectUpdate.x, rectUpdate.y,
 714                            &rectUpdate.x, &rectUpdate.y);
 715
 716     size_t lineFrom = rectUpdate.y / m_hLine,
 717            lineTo = rectUpdate.GetBottom() / m_hLine;
 718
 719     if ( lineTo > m_nLines - 1)
 720         lineTo = m_nLines - 1;
 721
 722     wxCoord y = lineFrom*m_hLine;
 723     for ( size_t line = lineFrom; line <= lineTo; line++ )
 724     {
 725         wxCoord yPhys;
 726         CalcScrolledPosition(0, y, NULL, &yPhys);
 727
 728         dc.DrawText(wxString::Format(_T("Line %u (logical %d, physical %d)"),
 729                                      unsigned(line), y, yPhys), 0, y);
 730         y += m_hLine;
 731     }
 732 }
 733
 734 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 735 // MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow
 736 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 737
 738 BEGIN_EVENT_TABLE(MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow, wxScrolledWindow)
 739     EVT_LEFT_DOWN(MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow::OnMouseLeftDown)
 740     EVT_LEFT_UP(MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow::OnMouseLeftUp)
 741     EVT_MOTION(MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow::OnMouseMove)
 742     EVT_MOUSE_CAPTURE_LOST(MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow::OnMouseCaptureLost)
 743     EVT_SCROLLWIN(MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow::OnScroll)
 744 END_EVENT_TABLE()
 745
 746 MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow::MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow(wxWindow* parent)
 747     : wxScrolledWindow(parent, wxID_ANY, wxDefaultPosition, wxDefaultSize
 748             //, wxSUNKEN_BORDER) // can't seem to do it this way
 749             , wxVSCROLL | wxHSCROLL | wxSUNKEN_BORDER)
 750     , m_selStart(-1, -1), m_cursor(-1, -1)
 751     , m_font(9, wxFONTFAMILY_TELETYPE, wxFONTSTYLE_NORMAL
 752             , wxFONTWEIGHT_NORMAL)
 753 {
 754     wxClientDC dc(this);
 755     // query dc for text size
 756     dc.SetFont(m_font);
 757     dc.GetTextExtent(wxString(_T("A")), &m_fontW, &m_fontH);
 758     // set up the virtual window
 759     SetScrollbars(m_fontW, m_fontH, sm_lineLen, sm_lineCnt);
 760 }
 761
 762 wxRect MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow::DeviceCoordsToGraphicalChars
 763         (wxRect updRect) const
 764 {
 765     wxPoint pos(updRect.GetPosition());
 766     pos = DeviceCoordsToGraphicalChars(pos);
 767     updRect.x = pos.x;
 768     updRect.y = pos.y;
 769     updRect.width /= m_fontW;
 770     updRect.height /= m_fontH;
 771     // the *CoordsToGraphicalChars() funcs round down to upper-left corner,
 772     //   so an off-by-one correction is needed
 773     ++updRect.width; // kludge
 774     ++updRect.height; // kludge
 775     return updRect;
 776 }
 777
 778 wxPoint MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow::DeviceCoordsToGraphicalChars
 779         (wxPoint pos) const
 780 {
 781     pos.x /= m_fontW;
 782     pos.y /= m_fontH;
 783     int vX, vY;
 784     GetViewStart(&vX, &vY);
 785     pos.x += vX;
 786     pos.y += vY;
 787     return pos;
 788 }
 789
 790 wxPoint MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow::GraphicalCharToDeviceCoords
 791         (wxPoint pos) const
 792 {
 793     int vX, vY;
 794     GetViewStart(&vX, &vY);
 795     pos.x -= vX;
 796     pos.y -= vY;
 797     pos.x *= m_fontW;
 798     pos.y *= m_fontH;
 799     return pos;
 800 }
 801
 802 wxRect MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow::LogicalCoordsToGraphicalChars
 803         (wxRect updRect) const
 804 {
 805     wxPoint pos(updRect.GetPosition());
 806     pos = LogicalCoordsToGraphicalChars(pos);
 807     updRect.x = pos.x;
 808     updRect.y = pos.y;
 809     updRect.width /= m_fontW;
 810     updRect.height /= m_fontH;
 811     // the *CoordsToGraphicalChars() funcs round down to upper-left corner,
 812     //   so an off-by-one correction is needed
 813     ++updRect.width; // kludge
 814     ++updRect.height; // kludge
 815     return updRect;
 816 }
 817
 818 wxPoint MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow::LogicalCoordsToGraphicalChars
 819         (wxPoint pos) const
 820 {
 821     pos.x /= m_fontW;
 822     pos.y /= m_fontH;
 823     return pos;
 824 }
 825
 826 wxPoint MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow::GraphicalCharToLogicalCoords
 827         (wxPoint pos) const
 828 {
 829     pos.x *= m_fontW;
 830     pos.y *= m_fontH;
 831     return pos;
 832 }
 833
 834 void MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow::MyRefresh()
 835 {
 836     static wxPoint lastSelStart(-1, -1), lastCursor(-1, -1);
 837     // refresh last selected area (to deselect previously selected text)
 838     wxRect lastUpdRect(
 839             GraphicalCharToDeviceCoords(lastSelStart),
 840             GraphicalCharToDeviceCoords(lastCursor)
 841         );
 842     // off-by-one corrections, necessary because it's not possible to know
 843     //   when to round up until rect is normalized by lastUpdRect constructor
 844     lastUpdRect.width += m_fontW; // kludge
 845     lastUpdRect.height += m_fontH; // kludge
 846     // refresh currently selected (to select previously unselected text)
 847     wxRect updRect(
 848             GraphicalCharToDeviceCoords(m_selStart),
 849             GraphicalCharToDeviceCoords(m_cursor)
 850         );
 851     // off-by-one corrections
 852     updRect.width += m_fontW; // kludge
 853     updRect.height += m_fontH; // kludge
 854     // find necessary refresh areas
 855     wxCoord rx = lastUpdRect.x;
 856     wxCoord ry = lastUpdRect.y;
 857     wxCoord rw = updRect.x - lastUpdRect.x;
 858     wxCoord rh = lastUpdRect.height;
 859     if (rw && rh) {
 860         RefreshRect(DCNormalize(rx, ry, rw, rh));
 861     }
 862     rx = updRect.x;
 863     ry = updRect.y + updRect.height;
 864     rw= updRect.width;
 865     rh = (lastUpdRect.y + lastUpdRect.height) - (updRect.y + updRect.height);
 866     if (rw && rh) {
 867         RefreshRect(DCNormalize(rx, ry, rw, rh));
 868     }
 869     rx = updRect.x + updRect.width;
 870     ry = lastUpdRect.y;
 871     rw = (lastUpdRect.x + lastUpdRect.width) - (updRect.x + updRect.width);
 872     rh = lastUpdRect.height;
 873     if (rw && rh) {
 874         RefreshRect(DCNormalize(rx, ry, rw, rh));
 875     }
 876     rx = updRect.x;
 877     ry = lastUpdRect.y;
 878     rw = updRect.width;
 879     rh = updRect.y - lastUpdRect.y;
 880     if (rw && rh) {
 881         RefreshRect(DCNormalize(rx, ry, rw, rh));
 882     }
 883     // update last
 884     lastSelStart = m_selStart;
 885     lastCursor = m_cursor;
 886 }
 887
 888 bool MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow::IsSelected(int chX, int chY) const
 889 {
 890     if (IsInside(chX, m_selStart.x, m_cursor.x)
 891             && IsInside(chY, m_selStart.y, m_cursor.y)) {
 892         return true;
 893     }
 894     return false;
 895 }
 896
 897 bool MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow::IsInside(int k, int bound1, int bound2)
 898 {
 899     if ((k >= bound1 && k <= bound2) || (k >= bound2 && k <= bound1)) {
 900         return true;
 901     }
 902     return false;
 903 }
 904
 905 wxRect MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow::DCNormalize(wxCoord x, wxCoord y
 906         , wxCoord w, wxCoord h)
 907 {
 908     // this is needed to get rid of the graphical remnants from the selection
 909     // I think it's because DrawRectangle() excludes a pixel in either direction
 910     const int kludge = 1;
 911     // make (x, y) the top-left corner
 912     if (w < 0) {
 913         w = -w + kludge;
 914         x -= w;
 915     } else {
 916         x -= kludge;
 917         w += kludge;
 918     }
 919     if (h < 0) {
 920         h = -h + kludge;
 921         y -= h;
 922     } else {
 923         y -= kludge;
 924         h += kludge;
 925     }
 926     return wxRect(x, y, w, h);
 927 }
 928
 929 void MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow::OnDraw(wxDC& dc)
 930 {
 931     dc.SetFont(m_font);
 932     wxBrush normBrush(wxSystemSettings::GetColour(wxSYS_COLOUR_WINDOW)
 933             , wxSOLID);
 934     wxBrush selBrush(wxSystemSettings::GetColour(wxSYS_COLOUR_HIGHLIGHT)
 935             , wxSOLID);
 936     dc.SetPen(*wxTRANSPARENT_PEN);
 937     const wxString str = sm_testData;
 938     size_t strLength = str.length();
 939     wxString::const_iterator str_i;
 940
 941     // draw the characters
 942     // 1. for each update region
 943     for (wxRegionIterator upd(GetUpdateRegion()); upd; ++upd) {
 944         wxRect updRect = upd.GetRect();
 945         wxRect updRectInGChars(DeviceCoordsToGraphicalChars(updRect));
 946         // 2. for each row of chars in the update region
 947         for (int chY = updRectInGChars.y
 948                 ; chY <= updRectInGChars.y + updRectInGChars.height; ++chY) {
 949             // 3. for each character in the row
 950             bool isFirstX = true;
 951             for (int chX = updRectInGChars.x
 952                     ; chX <= updRectInGChars.x + updRectInGChars.width
 953                     ; ++chX) {
 954                 // 4. set up dc
 955                 if (IsSelected(chX, chY)) {
 956                     dc.SetBrush(selBrush);
 957                     dc.SetTextForeground( wxSystemSettings::GetColour
 958                             (wxSYS_COLOUR_HIGHLIGHTTEXT));
 959                 } else {
 960                     dc.SetBrush(normBrush);
 961                     dc.SetTextForeground( wxSystemSettings::GetColour
 962                             (wxSYS_COLOUR_WINDOWTEXT));
 963                 }
 964                 // 5. find position info
 965                 wxPoint charPos = GraphicalCharToLogicalCoords(wxPoint
 966                         (chX, chY));
 967                 // 6. draw!
 968                 dc.DrawRectangle(charPos.x, charPos.y, m_fontW, m_fontH);
 969                 size_t charIndex = chY * sm_lineLen + chX;
 970                 if (chY < sm_lineCnt &&
 971                     chX < sm_lineLen &&
 972                     charIndex < strLength)
 973                 {
 974                     if (isFirstX)
 975                     {
 976                         str_i = str.begin() + charIndex;
 977                         isFirstX = false;
 978                     }
 979                     dc.DrawText(*str_i, charPos.x, charPos.y);
 980                     ++str_i;
 981                 }
 982             }
 983         }
 984     }
 985 }
 986
 987 void MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow::OnMouseLeftDown(wxMouseEvent& event)
 988 {
 989     // initial press of mouse button sets the beginning of the selection
 990     m_selStart = DeviceCoordsToGraphicalChars(event.GetPosition());
 991     // set the cursor to the same position
 992     m_cursor = m_selStart;
 993     // draw/erase selection
 994     MyRefresh();
 995 }
 996
 997 void MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow::OnMouseLeftUp(wxMouseEvent& WXUNUSED(event))
 998 {
 999     // this test is necessary
1000     if (HasCapture()) {
1001         // uncapture mouse
1002         ReleaseMouse();
1003     }
1004 }
1005
1006 void MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow::OnMouseMove(wxMouseEvent& event)
1007 {
1008     // if user is dragging
1009     if (event.Dragging() && event.LeftIsDown()) {
1010         // set the new cursor position
1011         m_cursor = DeviceCoordsToGraphicalChars(event.GetPosition());
1012         // draw/erase selection
1013         MyRefresh();
1014         // capture mouse to activate auto-scrolling
1015         if (!HasCapture()) {
1016             CaptureMouse();
1017         }
1018     }
1019 }
1020
1021 void MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow::OnMouseCaptureLost(wxMouseCaptureLostEvent& WXUNUSED(event))
1022 {
1023     // we only capture mouse for timed scrolling, so nothing is needed here
1024     // other than making sure to not call event.Skip()
1025 }
1026
1027 void MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow::OnScroll(wxScrollWinEvent& event)
1028 {
1029     // need to move the cursor when autoscrolling
1030     // FIXME: the cursor also moves when the scrollbar arrows are clicked
1031     if (HasCapture()) {
1032         if (event.GetOrientation() == wxHORIZONTAL) {
1033             if (event.GetEventType() == wxEVT_SCROLLWIN_LINEUP) {
1034                 --m_cursor.x;
1035             } else if (event.GetEventType() == wxEVT_SCROLLWIN_LINEDOWN) {
1036                 ++m_cursor.x;
1037             }
1038         } else if (event.GetOrientation() == wxVERTICAL) {
1039             if (event.GetEventType() == wxEVT_SCROLLWIN_LINEUP) {
1040                 --m_cursor.y;
1041             } else if (event.GetEventType() == wxEVT_SCROLLWIN_LINEDOWN) {
1042                 ++m_cursor.y;
1043             }
1044         }
1045     }
1046     MyRefresh();
1047     event.Skip();
1048 }
1049
1050 const int MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow::sm_lineCnt = 125;
1051 const int MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow::sm_lineLen = 79;
1052 const wxChar* MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow::sm_testData =
1053 _T("162 Cult of the genius out of vanity. Because we think well of ourselves, but ")
1054 _T("nonetheless never suppose ourselves capable of producing a painting like one of ")
1055 _T("Raphael's or a dramatic scene like one of Shakespeare's, we convince ourselves ")
1056 _T("that the capacity to do so is quite extraordinarily marvelous, a wholly ")
1057 _T("uncommon accident, or, if we are still religiously inclined, a mercy from on ")
1058 _T("high. Thus our vanity, our self-love, promotes the cult of the genius: for only ")
1059 _T("if we think of him as being very remote from us, as a miraculum, does he not ")
1060 _T("aggrieve us (even Goethe, who was without envy, called Shakespeare his star of ")
1061 _T("the most distant heights [\"William! Stern der schonsten Ferne\": from Goethe's, ")
1062 _T("\"Between Two Worlds\"]; in regard to which one might recall the lines: \"the ")
1063 _T("stars, these we do not desire\" [from Goethe's, \"Comfort in Tears\"]). But, aside ")
1064 _T("from these suggestions of our vanity, the activity of the genius seems in no ")
1065 _T("way fundamentally different from the activity of the inventor of machines, the ")
1066 _T("scholar of astronomy or history, the master of tactics. All these activities ")
1067 _T("are explicable if one pictures to oneself people whose thinking is active in ")
1068 _T("one direction, who employ everything as material, who always zealously observe ")
1069 _T("their own inner life and that of others, who perceive everywhere models and ")
1070 _T("incentives, who never tire of combining together the means available to them. ")
1071 _T("Genius too does nothing except learn first how to lay bricks then how to build, ")
1072 _T("except continually seek for material and continually form itself around it. ")
1073 _T("Every activity of man is amazingly complicated, not only that of the genius: ")
1074 _T("but none is a \"miracle.\" Whence, then, the belief that genius exists only in ")
1075 _T("the artist, orator and philosopher? that only they have \"intuition\"? (Whereby ")
1076 _T("they are supposed to possess a kind of miraculous eyeglass with which they can ")
1077 _T("see directly into \"the essence of the thing\"!) It is clear that people speak of ")
1078 _T("genius only where the effects of the great intellect are most pleasant to them ")
1079 _T("and where they have no desire to feel envious. To call someone \"divine\" means: ")
1080 _T("\"here there is no need for us to compete.\" Then, everything finished and ")
1081 _T("complete is regarded with admiration, everything still becoming is undervalued. ")
1082 _T("But no one can see in the work of the artist how it has become; that is its ")
1083 _T("advantage, for wherever one can see the act of becoming one grows somewhat ")
1084 _T("cool. The finished and perfect art of representation repulses all thinking as ")
1085 _T("to how it has become; it tyrannizes as present completeness and perfection. ")
1086 _T("That is why the masters of the art of representation count above all as gifted ")
1087 _T("with genius and why men of science do not. In reality, this evaluation of the ")
1088 _T("former and undervaluation of the latter is only a piece of childishness in the ")
1089 _T("realm of reason. ")
1090 _T("\n\n")
1091 _T("163 The serious workman. Do not talk about giftedness, inborn talents! One can ")
1092 _T("name great men of all kinds who were very little gifted. The acquired ")
1093 _T("greatness, became \"geniuses\" (as we put it), through qualities the lack of ")
1094 _T("which no one who knew what they were would boast of: they all possessed that ")
1095 _T("seriousness of the efficient workman which first learns to construct the parts ")
1096 _T("properly before it ventures to fashion a great whole; they allowed themselves ")
1097 _T("time for it, because they took more pleasure in making the little, secondary ")
1098 _T("things well than in the effect of a dazzling whole. the recipe for becoming a ")
1099 _T("good novelist, for example, is easy to give, but to carry it out presupposes ")
1100 _T("qualities one is accustomed to overlook when one says \"I do not have enough ")
1101 _T("talent.\" One has only to make a hundred or so sketches for novels, none longer ")
1102 _T("than two pages but of such distinctness that every word in them is necessary; ")
1103 _T("one should write down anecdotes each day until one has learned how to give them ")
1104 _T("the most pregnant and effective form; one should be tireless in collecting and ")
1105 _T("describing human types and characters; one should above all relate things to ")
1106 _T("others and listen to others relate, keeping one's eyes and ears open for the ")
1107 _T("effect produced on those present, one should travel like a landscape painter or ")
1108 _T("costume designer; one should excerpt for oneself out of the individual sciences ")
1109 _T("everything that will produce an artistic effect when it is well described, one ")
1110 _T("should, finally, reflect on the motives of human actions, disdain no signpost ")
1111 _T("to instruction about them and be a collector of these things by day and night. ")
1112 _T("One should continue in this many-sided exercise some ten years: what is then ")
1113 _T("created in the workshop, however, will be fit to go out into the world. What, ")
1114 _T("however, do most people do? They begin, not with the parts, but with the whole. ")
1115 _T("Perhaps they chance to strike a right note, excite attention and from then on ")
1116 _T("strike worse and worse notes, for good, natural reasons. Sometimes, when the ")
1117 _T("character and intellect needed to formulate such a life-plan are lacking, fate ")
1118 _T("and need take their place and lead the future master step by step through all ")
1119 _T("the stipulations of his trade. ")
1120 _T("\n\n")
1121 _T("164 Peril and profit in the cult of the genius. The belief in great, superior, ")
1122 _T("fruitful spirits is not necessarily, yet nonetheless is very frequently ")
1123 _T("associated with that religious or semi-religious superstition that these ")
1124 _T("spirits are of supra-human origin and possess certain miraculous abilities by ")
1125 _T("virtue of which they acquire their knowledge by quite other means than the rest ")
1126 _T("of mankind. One ascribes to them, it seems, a direct view of the nature of the ")
1127 _T("world, as it were a hole in the cloak of appearance, and believes that, by ")
1128 _T("virtue of this miraculous seer's vision, they are able to communicate something ")
1129 _T("conclusive and decisive about man and the world without the toil and ")
1130 _T("rigorousness required by science. As long as there continue to be those who ")
1131 _T("believe in the miraculous in the domain of knowledge one can perhaps concede ")
1132 _T("that these people themselves derive some benefit from their belief, inasmuch as ")
1133 _T("through their unconditional subjection to the great spirits they create for ")
1134 _T("their own spirit during its time of development the finest form of discipline ")
1135 _T("and schooling. On the other hand, it is at least questionable whether the ")
1136 _T("superstitious belief in genius, in its privileges and special abilities, is of ")
1137 _T("benefit to the genius himself if it takes root in him. It is in any event a ")
1138 _T("dangerous sign when a man is assailed by awe of himself, whether it be the ")
1139 _T("celebrated Caesar's awe of Caesar or the awe of one's own genius now under ")
1140 _T("consideration; when the sacrificial incense which is properly rendered only to ")
1141 _T("a god penetrates the brain of the genius, so that his head begins to swim and ")
1142 _T("he comes to regard himself as something supra-human. The consequences that ")
1143 _T("slowly result are: the feeling of irresponsibility, of exceptional rights, the ")
1144 _T("belief that he confers a favor by his mere presence, insane rage when anyone ")
1145 _T("attempts even to compare him with others, let alone to rate him beneath them, ")
1146 _T("or to draw attention to lapses in his work. Because he ceases to practice ")
1147 _T("criticism of himself, at last one pinion after the other falls out of his ")
1148 _T("plumage: that superstitious eats at the roots of his powers and perhaps even ")
1149 _T("turns him into a hypocrite after his powers have fled from him. For the great ")
1150 _T("spirits themselves it is therefore probably more beneficial if they acquire an ")
1151 _T("insight into the nature and origin of their powers, if they grasp, that is to ")
1152 _T("say, what purely human qualities have come together in them and what fortunate ")
1153 _T("circumstances attended them: in the first place undiminished energy, resolute ")
1154 _T("application to individual goals, great personal courage, then the good fortune ")
1155 _T("to receive an upbringing which offered in the early years the finest teachers, ")
1156 _T("models and methods. To be sure, when their goal is the production of the ")
1157 _T("greatest possible effect, unclarity with regard to oneself and that ")
1158 _T("semi-insanity superadded to it has always achieved much; for what has been ")
1159 _T("admired and envied at all times has been that power in them by virtue of which ")
1160 _T("they render men will-less and sweep them away into the delusion that the ")
1161 _T("leaders they are following are supra-natural. Indeed, it elevates and inspires ")
1162 _T("men to believe that someone is in possession of supra-natural powers: to this ")
1163 _T("extent Plato was right to say [Plato: Phaedrus, 244a] that madness has brought ")
1164 _T("the greatest of blessings upon mankind. In rare individual cases this portion ")
1165 _T("of madness may, indeed, actually have been the means by which such a nature, ")
1166 _T("excessive in all directions, was held firmly together: in the life of ")
1167 _T("individuals, too, illusions that are in themselves poisons often play the role ")
1168 _T("of healers; yet, in the end, in the case of every \"genius\" who believes in his ")
1169 _T("own divinity the poison shows itself to the same degree as his \"genius\" grows ")
1170 _T("old: one may recall, for example, the case of Napoleon, whose nature certainly ")
1171 _T("grew into the mighty unity that sets him apart from all men of modern times ")
1172 _T("precisely through his belief in himself and his star and through the contempt ")
1173 _T("for men that flowed from it; until in the end, however, this same belief went ")
1174 _T("over into an almost insane fatalism, robbed him of his acuteness and swiftness ")
1175 _T("of perception, and became the cause of his destruction.");