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1 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
3 // Purpose: interface of wxConfigBase
4 // Author: wxWidgets team
6 // Licence: wxWindows license
7 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
13 wxConfigBase defines the basic interface of all config classes. It can not
14 be used by itself (it is an abstract base class) and you will always use
15 one of its derivations: wxFileConfig, wxRegConfig or any other.
17 However, usually you don't even need to know the precise nature of the
18 class you're working with but you would just use the wxConfigBase methods.
19 This allows you to write the same code regardless of whether you're working
20 with the registry under Win32 or text-based config files under Unix (or
21 even Windows 3.1 .INI files if you're really unlucky). To make writing the
22 portable code even easier, wxWidgets provides a typedef wxConfig which is
23 mapped onto the native wxConfigBase implementation on the given platform:
24 i.e. wxRegConfig under Win32 and wxFileConfig otherwise.
26 See @ref overview_config for a description of all features of this class.
28 It is highly recommended to use static functions Get() and/or Set(), so
29 please have a look at them.
31 Related Include Files:
33 @li @c <wx/config.h> - Let wxWidgets choose a wxConfig class for your
35 @li @c <wx/confbase.h> - Base config class.
36 @li @c <wx/fileconf.h> - wxFileConfig class.
37 @li @c <wx/msw/regconf.h> - wxRegConfig class.
40 @section configbase_example Example
42 Here is how you would typically use this class:
45 // using wxConfig instead of writing wxFileConfig or wxRegConfig enhances
46 // portability of the code
47 wxConfig *config = new wxConfig("MyAppName");
50 if ( config->Read("LastPrompt", &str) ) {
51 // last prompt was found in the config file/registry and its value is
59 // another example: using default values and the full path instead of just
60 // key name: if the key is not found , the value 17 is returned
61 long value = config->ReadLong("/LastRun/CalculatedValues/MaxValue", 17);
63 // at the end of the program we would save everything back
64 config->Write("LastPrompt", str);
65 config->Write("/LastRun/CalculatedValues/MaxValue", value);
67 // the changes will be written back automatically
71 This basic example, of course, doesn't show all wxConfig features, such as
72 enumerating, testing for existence and deleting the entries and groups of
73 entries in the config file, its abilities to automatically store the
74 default values or expand the environment variables on the fly. However, the
75 main idea is that using this class is easy and that it should normally do
76 what you expect it to.
78 @note In the documentation of this class, the words "config file" also mean
79 "registry hive" for wxRegConfig and, generally speaking, might mean
80 any physical storage where a wxConfigBase-derived class stores its
84 @section configbase_static Static Functions
86 The static functions provided deal with the "default" config object.
87 Although its usage is not at all mandatory it may be convenient to use a
88 global config object instead of creating and deleting the local config
89 objects each time you need one (especially because creating a wxFileConfig
90 object might be a time consuming operation). In this case, you may create
91 this global config object in the very start of the program and Set() it as
92 the default. Then, from anywhere in your program, you may access it using
93 the Get() function. This global wxConfig object will be deleted by
94 wxWidgets automatically if it exists. Note that this implies that if you do
95 delete this object yourself (usually in wxApp::OnExit()) you must use
96 Set(@NULL) to prevent wxWidgets from deleting it the second time.
98 As it happens, you may even further simplify the procedure described above:
99 you may forget about calling Set(). When Get() is called and there is no
100 current object, it will create one using Create() function. To disable this
101 behaviour DontCreateOnDemand() is provided.
103 @note You should use either Set() or Get() because wxWidgets library itself
104 would take advantage of it and could save various information in it.
105 For example wxFontMapper or Unix version of wxFileDialog have the
106 ability to use wxConfig class.
109 @section configbase_paths Path Management
111 As explained in the @ref overview_config "config overview", the config
112 classes support a file system-like hierarchy of keys (files) and groups
113 (directories). As in the file system case, to specify a key in the config
114 class you must use a path to it. Config classes also support the notion of
115 the current group, which makes it possible to use the relative paths. To
116 clarify all this, here is an example (it is only for the sake of
117 demonstration, it doesn't do anything sensible!):
120 wxConfig *config = new wxConfig("FooBarApp");
122 // right now the current path is '/'
123 conf->Write("RootEntry", 1);
125 // go to some other place: if the group(s) don't exist, they will be created
126 conf->SetPath("/Group/Subgroup");
128 // create an entry in subgroup
129 conf->Write("SubgroupEntry", 3);
131 // '..' is understood
132 conf->Write("../GroupEntry", 2);
135 wxASSERT( conf->ReadLong("Subgroup/SubgroupEntry", 0) == 3 );
137 // use absolute path: it is allowed, too
138 wxASSERT( conf->ReadLong("/RootEntry", 0) == 1 );
141 It is highly recommended that you restore the path to its old value on
145 void foo(wxConfigBase *config)
147 wxString strOldPath = config->GetPath();
149 config->SetPath("/Foo/Data");
152 config->SetPath(strOldPath);
156 Otherwise the assert in the following example will surely fail (we suppose
157 here that the foo() function is the same as above except that it doesn’t
158 save and restore the path):
161 void bar(wxConfigBase *config)
163 config->Write("Test", 17);
167 // we're reading "/Foo/Data/Test" here! -1 will probably be returned...
168 wxASSERT( config->ReadLong("Test", -1) == 17 );
172 Finally, the path separator in wxConfigBase and derived classes is always
173 "/", regardless of the platform (i.e. it is not "\\" under Windows).
176 @section configbase_enumeration Enumeration
178 The enumeration functions allow you to enumerate all entries and groups in
179 the config file. All functions here return @false when there are no more
182 You must pass the same index to GetNext() and GetFirst() (don't modify it).
183 Please note that it is not the index of the current item (you will have
184 some great surprises with wxRegConfig if you assume this) and you shouldn't
185 even look at it: it is just a "cookie" which stores the state of the
186 enumeration. It can't be stored inside the class because it would prevent
187 you from running several enumerations simultaneously, that's why you must
190 Having said all this, enumerating the config entries/groups is very simple:
193 wxConfigBase *config = ...;
194 wxArrayString aNames;
196 // enumeration variables
200 // first enum all entries
201 bool bCont = config->GetFirstEntry(str, dummy);
205 bCont = GetConfig()->GetNextEntry(str, dummy);
208 // ... we have all entry names in aNames...
211 bCont = GetConfig()->GetFirstGroup(str, dummy);
215 bCont = GetConfig()->GetNextGroup(str, dummy);
218 // ... we have all group (and entry) names in aNames...
221 There are also functions to get the number of entries/subgroups without
222 actually enumerating them, but you will probably never need them.
225 @section configbase_keyaccess Key Access
227 The key access functions are the core of wxConfigBase class: they allow you
228 to read and write config file data. All Read() functions take a default
229 value which will be returned if the specified key is not found in the
232 Currently, supported types of data are: wxString, @c long, @c double,
233 @c bool, wxColour and any other types for which the functions
234 wxToString() and wxFromString() are defined.
236 Try not to read long values into string variables and vice versa:
237 although it just might work with wxFileConfig, you will get a system
238 error with wxRegConfig because in the Windows registry the different
239 types of entries are indeed used.
241 Final remark: the @a szKey parameter for all these functions can
242 contain an arbitrary path (either relative or absolute), not just the
246 In place of a single overloaded method name, wxPython implements the
248 - Read(key, default="") - Returns a string.
249 - ReadInt(key, default=0) - Returns an integer.
250 - ReadFloat(key, default=0.0) - Returns a floating point number.
251 - ReadBool(key, default=0) - Returns a boolean.
252 - Write(key, value) - Writes a string.
253 - WriteInt(key, value) - Writes an int.
254 - WriteFloat(key, value) - Writes a floating point number.
261 class wxConfigBase
: public wxObject
265 This is the default and only constructor of the wxConfigBase class, and
269 The application name. If this is empty, the class will normally use
270 wxApp::GetAppName() to set it. The application name is used in the
271 registry key on Windows, and can be used to deduce the local
272 filename parameter if that is missing.
274 The vendor name. If this is empty, it is assumed that no vendor
275 name is wanted, if this is optional for the current config class.
276 The vendor name is appended to the application name for
279 Some config classes require a local filename. If this is not
280 present, but required, the application name will be used instead.
281 @param globalFilename
282 Some config classes require a global filename. If this is not
283 present, but required, the application name will be used instead.
285 Can be one of wxCONFIG_USE_LOCAL_FILE and wxCONFIG_USE_GLOBAL_FILE.
286 The style interpretation depends on the config class and is ignored
287 by some implementations. For wxFileConfig, these styles determine
288 whether a local or global config file is created or used: if
289 wxCONFIG_USE_GLOBAL_FILE is used, then settings are read from the
290 global config file and if wxCONFIG_USE_LOCAL_FILE is used, settings
291 are read from and written to local config file (if they are both
292 set, global file is read first, then local file, overwriting global
293 settings). If the flag is present but the parameter is empty, the
294 parameter will be set to a default. If the parameter is present but
295 the style flag not, the relevant flag will be added to the style.
296 For wxRegConfig, thie GLOBAL flag refers to HKLM key while LOCAL
297 one is for the usual HKCU one.
298 @n For wxFileConfig you can also add wxCONFIG_USE_RELATIVE_PATH by
299 logically or'ing it to either of the _FILE options to tell
300 wxFileConfig to use relative instead of absolute paths.
301 @n On non-VMS Unix systems, the default local configuration file is
302 "~/.appname". However, this path may be also used as user data
303 directory (see wxStandardPaths::GetUserDataDir()) if the
304 application has several data files. In this case
305 wxCONFIG_USE_SUBDIR flag, which changes the default local
306 configuration file to "~/.appname/appname" should be used. Notice
307 that this flag is ignored if localFilename is provided.
308 wxCONFIG_USE_SUBDIR is new since wxWidgets version 2.8.2.
309 @n For wxFileConfig, you can also add
310 wxCONFIG_USE_NO_ESCAPE_CHARACTERS which will turn off character
311 escaping for the values of entries stored in the config file: for
312 example a foo key with some backslash characters will be stored as
313 "foo=C:\mydir" instead of the usual storage of "foo=C:\\mydir".
314 @n The wxCONFIG_USE_NO_ESCAPE_CHARACTERS style can be helpful if your
315 config file must be read or written to by a non-wxWidgets program
316 (which might not understand the escape characters). Note, however,
317 that if wxCONFIG_USE_NO_ESCAPE_CHARACTERS style is used, it is is
318 now your application's responsibility to ensure that there is no
319 newline or other illegal characters in a value, before writing that
322 This parameter is only used by wxFileConfig when compiled in
323 Unicode mode. It specifies the encoding in which the configuration
326 @remarks By default, environment variable expansion is on and recording
329 wxConfigBase(const wxString
& appName
= wxEmptyString
,
330 const wxString
& vendorName
= wxEmptyString
,
331 const wxString
& localFilename
= wxEmptyString
,
332 const wxString
& globalFilename
= wxEmptyString
,
334 const wxMBConv
& conv
= wxConvAuto());
337 Empty but ensures that dtor of all derived classes is virtual.
343 @name Path Management
345 See @ref configbase_paths
350 Retrieve the current path (always as absolute path).
352 const wxString
GetPath() const;
355 Set current path: if the first character is '/', it is the absolute
356 path, otherwise it is a relative path. '..' is supported. If @a strPath
357 doesn't exist it is created.
359 void SetPath(const wxString
& strPath
);
367 See @ref configbase_enumeration
372 Gets the first entry.
375 The wxPython version of this method returns a 3-tuple consisting of the
376 continue flag, the value string, and the index for the next call.
379 bool GetFirstEntry(wxString
& str
, long& index
) const;
382 Gets the first group.
385 The wxPython version of this method returns a 3-tuple consisting of the
386 continue flag, the value string, and the index for the next call.
389 bool GetFirstGroup(wxString
& str
, long& index
) const;
395 The wxPython version of this method returns a 3-tuple consisting of the
396 continue flag, the value string, and the index for the next call.
399 bool GetNextEntry(wxString
& str
, long& index
) const;
405 The wxPython version of this method returns a 3-tuple consisting of the
406 continue flag, the value string, and the index for the next call.
409 bool GetNextGroup(wxString
& str
, long& index
) const;
412 Get number of entries in the current group.
414 uint
GetNumberOfEntries(bool bRecursive
= false) const;
417 Get number of entries/subgroups in the current group, with or without
420 uint
GetNumberOfGroups(bool bRecursive
= false) const;
435 @name Tests of Existence
440 @return @true if either a group or an entry with a given name exists.
442 bool Exists(wxString
& strName
) const;
445 Returns the type of the given entry or @e Unknown if the entry doesn't
446 exist. This function should be used to decide which version of Read()
447 should be used because some of wxConfig implementations will complain
448 about type mismatch otherwise: e.g., an attempt to read a string value
449 from an integer key with wxRegConfig will fail.
451 wxConfigBase::EntryType
GetEntryType(const wxString
& name
) const;
454 @return @true if the entry by this name exists.
456 bool HasEntry(wxString
& strName
) const;
459 @return @true if the group by this name exists.
461 bool HasGroup(const wxString
& strName
) const;
467 @name Miscellaneous Functions
472 Returns the application name.
474 wxString
GetAppName() const;
477 Returns the vendor name.
479 wxString
GetVendorName() const;
487 See @ref configbase_keyaccess
492 Permanently writes all changes (otherwise, they're only written from
493 object's destructor).
495 bool Flush(bool bCurrentOnly
= false);
498 Read a string from the key, returning @true if the value was read. If
499 the key was not found, @a str is not changed.
501 bool Read(const wxString
& key
, wxString
* str
) const;
503 Read a string from the key. The default value is returned if the key
506 @return @true if value was really read, @false if the default was used.
508 const bool Read(const wxString
& key
, wxString
* str
,
509 const wxString
& defaultVal
) const;
511 Another version of Read(), returning the string value directly.
513 const wxString
Read(const wxString
& key
,
514 const wxString
& defaultVal
) const;
516 Reads a long value, returning @true if the value was found. If the
517 value was not found, @a l is not changed.
519 const bool Read(const wxString
& key
, long* l
) const;
521 Reads a long value, returning @true if the value was found. If the
522 value was not found, @a defaultVal is used instead.
524 const bool Read(const wxString
& key
, long* l
,
525 long defaultVal
) const;
527 Reads a double value, returning @true if the value was found. If the
528 value was not found, @a d is not changed.
530 const bool Read(const wxString
& key
, double* d
) const;
532 Reads a double value, returning @true if the value was found. If the
533 value was not found, @a defaultVal is used instead.
535 const bool Read(const wxString
& key
, double* d
,
536 double defaultVal
) const;
538 Reads a bool value, returning @true if the value was found. If the
539 value was not found, @a b is not changed.
541 const bool Read(const wxString
& key
, bool* b
) const;
543 Reads a bool value, returning @true if the value was found. If the
544 value was not found, @a defaultVal is used instead.
546 const bool Read(const wxString
& key
, bool* d
,
547 bool defaultVal
) const;
549 Reads a binary block, returning @true if the value was found. If the
550 value was not found, @a buf is not changed.
552 const bool Read(const wxString
& key
, wxMemoryBuffer
* buf
) const;
554 Reads a value of type T, for which function wxFromString() is defined,
555 returning @true if the value was found. If the value was not found,
556 @a value is not changed.
558 const bool Read(const wxString
& key
, T
* value
) const;
560 Reads a value of type T, for which function wxFromString() is defined,
561 returning @true if the value was found. If the value was not found,
562 @a defaultVal is used instead.
564 const bool Read(const wxString
& key
, T
* value
,
565 const T
& defaultVal
) const;
568 Reads a bool value from the key and returns it. @a defaultVal is
569 returned if the key is not found.
571 long ReadBool(const wxString
& key
, bool defaultVal
) const;
574 Reads a double value from the key and returns it. @a defaultVal is
575 returned if the key is not found.
577 long ReadDouble(const wxString
& key
, double defaultVal
) const;
580 Reads a long value from the key and returns it. @a defaultVal is
581 returned if the key is not found.
583 long ReadLong(const wxString
& key
, long defaultVal
) const;
586 Reads a value of type T (for which the function wxFromString() must be
587 defined) from the key and returns it. @a defaultVal is returned if the
590 T
ReadObject(const wxString
& key
, T
const& defaultVal
) const;
593 Writes the wxString value to the config file and returns @true on
596 bool Write(const wxString
& key
, const wxString
& value
);
598 Writes the long value to the config file and returns @true on success.
600 bool Write(const wxString
& key
, long value
);
602 Writes the double value to the config file and returns @true on
605 bool Write(const wxString
& key
, double value
);
607 Writes the bool value to the config file and returns @true on success.
609 bool Write(const wxString
& key
, bool value
);
611 Writes the wxMemoryBuffer value to the config file and returns @true on
614 bool Write(const wxString
& key
, const wxMemoryBuffer
& buf
);
616 Writes the specified value to the config file and returns @true on
617 success. The function wxToString() must be defined for type @e T.
619 bool Write(const wxString
& key
, T
const& buf
);
625 @name Rename Entries/Groups
627 These functions allow renaming entries or subgroups of the current
628 group. They will return @false on error, typically because either the
629 entry/group with the original name doesn't exist, because the
630 entry/group with the new name already exists or because the function is
631 not supported in this wxConfig implementation.
636 Renames an entry in the current group. The entries names (both the old
637 and the new one) shouldn't contain backslashes, i.e. only simple names
638 and not arbitrary paths are accepted by this function.
640 @return @false if @a oldName doesn't exist or if @a newName already
643 bool RenameEntry(const wxString
& oldName
, const wxString
& newName
);
646 Renames a subgroup of the current group. The subgroup names (both the
647 old and the new one) shouldn't contain backslashes, i.e. only simple
648 names and not arbitrary paths are accepted by this function.
650 @return @false if @a oldName doesn't exist or if @a newName already
653 bool RenameGroup(const wxString
& oldName
, const wxString
& newName
);
659 @name Delete Entries/Groups
661 These functions delete entries and/or groups of entries from the config
662 file. DeleteAll() is especially useful if you want to erase all traces
663 of your program presence: for example, when you uninstall it.
668 Delete the whole underlying object (disk file, registry key, ...).
669 Primarly for use by uninstallation routine.
674 Deletes the specified entry and the group it belongs to if it was the
675 last key in it and the second parameter is @true.
677 bool DeleteEntry(const wxString
& key
,
678 bool bDeleteGroupIfEmpty
= true);
681 Delete the group (with all subgroups). If the current path is under the
682 group being deleted it is changed to its deepest still existing
683 component. E.g. if the current path is @c "/A/B/C/D" and the group @c C
684 is deleted, the path becomes @c "/A/B".
686 bool DeleteGroup(const wxString
& key
);
694 Some aspects of wxConfigBase behaviour can be changed during run-time.
695 The first of them is the expansion of environment variables in the
696 string values read from the config file: for example, if you have the
697 following in your config file:
700 # config file for my program
701 UserData = $HOME/data
703 # the following syntax is valud only under Windows
704 UserData = %windir%\\data.dat
707 The call to Read("UserData") will return something like
708 @c "/home/zeitlin/data" on linux for example.
710 Although this feature is very useful, it may be annoying if you read a
711 value which containts '$' or '%' symbols (% is used for environment
712 variables expansion under Windows) which are not used for environment
713 variable expansion. In this situation you may call
714 SetExpandEnvVars(@false) just before reading this value and
715 SetExpandEnvVars(@true) just after. Another solution would be to prefix
716 the offending symbols with a backslash.
721 Returns @true if we are expanding environment variables in key values.
723 bool IsExpandingEnvVars() const;
726 Returns @true if we are writing defaults back to the config file.
728 bool IsRecordingDefaults() const;
731 Determine whether we wish to expand environment variables in key
734 void SetExpandEnvVars(bool bDoIt
= true);
737 Sets whether defaults are recorded to the config file whenever an
738 attempt to read the value which is not present in it is done.
740 If on (default is off) all default values for the settings used by the
741 program are written back to the config file. This allows the user to
742 see what config options may be changed and is probably useful only for
745 void SetRecordDefaults(bool bDoIt
= true);
751 Create a new config object: this function will create the "best"
752 implementation of wxConfig available for the current platform, see
753 comments near the definition of wxCONFIG_WIN32_NATIVE for details. It
754 returns the created object and also sets it as the current one.
756 static wxConfigBase
* Create();
759 Calling this function will prevent @e Get() from automatically creating
760 a new config object if the current one is @NULL. It might be useful to
761 call it near the program end to prevent "accidental" creation of a new
764 static void DontCreateOnDemand();
767 Get the current config object. If there is no current object and
768 @a CreateOnDemand is @true, this creates one (using Create()) unless
769 DontCreateOnDemand() was called previously.
771 static wxConfigBase
* Get(bool CreateOnDemand
= true);
774 Sets the config object as the current one, returns the pointer to the
775 previous current object (both the parameter and returned value may be
778 static wxConfigBase
* Set(wxConfigBase
* pConfig
);