wxPython/wx/lib/evtmgr.py

   1 #---------------------------------------------------------------------------
   2 # Name:        wxPython.lib.evtmgr
   3 # Purpose:     An easier, more "Pythonic" and more OO method of registering
   4 #              handlers for wxWindows events using the Publish/Subscribe
   5 #              pattern.
   6 #
   7 # Author:      Robb Shecter and Robin Dunn
   8 #
   9 # Created:     12-December-2002
  10 # RCS-ID:      $Id$
  11 # Copyright:   (c) 2003 by db-X Corporation
  12 # Licence:     wxWindows license
  13 #---------------------------------------------------------------------------
  14 # 12/02/2003 - Jeff Grimmett (grimmtooth@softhome.net)
  15 #
  16 # o Updated for 2.5 compatability.
  17 #
  18
  19 """
  20 A module that allows multiple handlers to respond to single wxWidgets
  21 events.  This allows true NxN Observer/Observable connections: One
  22 event can be received by multiple handlers, and one handler can
  23 receive multiple events.
  24
  25 There are two ways to register event handlers.  The first way is
  26 similar to standard wxPython handler registration::
  27
  28     from wx.lib.evtmgr import eventManager
  29     eventManager.Register(handleEvents, EVT_BUTTON, win=frame, id=101)
  30
  31 There's also a new object-oriented way to register for events.  This
  32 invocation is equivalent to the one above, but does not require the
  33 programmer to declare or track control ids or parent containers::
  34
  35     eventManager.Register(handleEvents, EVT_BUTTON, myButton)
  36
  37 This module is Python 2.1+ compatible.
  38
  39 """
  40 import  wx
  41 import  pubsub # publish / subscribe library
  42
  43 #---------------------------------------------------------------------------
  44
  45
  46 class EventManager:
  47     """
  48     This is the main class in the module, and is the only class that
  49     the application programmer needs to use.  There is a pre-created
  50     instance of this class called 'eventManager'.  It should not be
  51     necessary to create other instances.
  52     """
  53     def __init__(self):
  54         self.eventAdapterDict    = {}
  55         self.messageAdapterDict  = {}
  56         self.windowTopicLookup   = {}
  57         self.listenerTopicLookup = {}
  58         self.__publisher         = pubsub.Publisher()
  59         self.EMPTY_LIST          = []
  60
  61
  62     def Register(self, listener, event, source=None, win=None, id=None):
  63         """
  64         Registers a listener function (or any callable object) to
  65         receive events of type event coming from the source window.
  66         For example::
  67
  68             eventManager.Register(self.OnButton, EVT_BUTTON, theButton)
  69
  70         Alternatively, the specific window where the event is
  71         delivered, and/or the ID of the event source can be specified.
  72         For example::
  73
  74             eventManager.Register(self.OnButton, EVT_BUTTON, win=self, id=ID_BUTTON)
  75
  76         or::
  77
  78             eventManager.Register(self.OnButton, EVT_BUTTON, theButton, self)
  79
  80         """
  81
  82         # 1. Check if the 'event' is actually one of the multi-
  83         #    event macros.
  84         if _macroInfo.isMultiEvent(event):
  85             raise 'Cannot register the macro, '+`event`+'.  Register instead the individual events.'
  86
  87         # Support a more OO API.  This allows the GUI widget itself to
  88         # be specified, and the id to be retrieved from the system,
  89         # instead of kept track of explicitly by the programmer.
  90         # (Being used to doing GUI work with Java, this seems to me to be
  91         # the natural way of doing things.)
  92         if source is not None:
  93             id  = source.GetId()
  94
  95         if win is None:
  96             # Some widgets do not function as their own windows.
  97             win = self._determineWindow(source)
  98
  99         topic = (event, win, id)
 100
 101         #  Create an adapter from the PS system back to wxEvents, and
 102         #  possibly one from wxEvents:
 103         if not self.__haveMessageAdapter(listener, topic):
 104             messageAdapter = MessageAdapter(eventHandler=listener, topicPattern=topic)
 105             try:
 106                 self.messageAdapterDict[topic][listener] = messageAdapter
 107             except KeyError:
 108                 self.messageAdapterDict[topic] = {}
 109                 self.messageAdapterDict[topic][listener] = messageAdapter
 110
 111             if not self.eventAdapterDict.has_key(topic):
 112                 self.eventAdapterDict[topic] = EventAdapter(event, win, id)
 113         else:
 114             # Throwing away a duplicate request
 115             pass
 116
 117         # For time efficiency when deregistering by window:
 118         try:
 119             self.windowTopicLookup[win].append(topic)
 120         except KeyError:
 121             self.windowTopicLookup[win] = []
 122             self.windowTopicLookup[win].append(topic)
 123
 124         # For time efficiency when deregistering by listener:
 125         try:
 126             self.listenerTopicLookup[listener].append(topic)
 127         except KeyError:
 128             self.listenerTopicLookup[listener] = []
 129             self.listenerTopicLookup[listener].append(topic)
 130
 131         # See if the source understands the listeningFor protocol.
 132         # This is a bit of a test I'm working on - it allows classes
 133         # to know when their events are being listened to.  I use
 134         # it to enable chaining events from contained windows only
 135         # when needed.
 136         if source is not None:
 137             try:
 138                 # Let the source know that we're listening  for this
 139                 # event.
 140                 source.listeningFor(event)
 141             except AttributeError:
 142                 pass
 143
 144     # Some aliases for Register, just for kicks
 145     Bind = Register
 146     Subscribe = Register
 147
 148
 149     def DeregisterWindow(self, win):
 150         """
 151         Deregister all events coming from the given window.
 152         """
 153         win    = self._determineWindow(win)
 154         topics = self.__getTopics(win)
 155
 156         if topics:
 157             for aTopic in topics:
 158                 self.__deregisterTopic(aTopic)
 159
 160             del self.windowTopicLookup[win]
 161
 162
 163     def DeregisterListener(self, listener):
 164         """
 165         Deregister all event notifications for the given listener.
 166         """
 167         try:
 168             topicList = self.listenerTopicLookup[listener]
 169         except KeyError:
 170             return
 171
 172         for topic in topicList:
 173             topicDict = self.messageAdapterDict[topic]
 174
 175             if topicDict.has_key(listener):
 176                 topicDict[listener].Destroy()
 177                 del topicDict[listener]
 178
 179                 if len(topicDict) == 0:
 180                     self.eventAdapterDict[topic].Destroy()
 181                     del self.eventAdapterDict[topic]
 182                     del self.messageAdapterDict[topic]
 183
 184         del self.listenerTopicLookup[listener]
 185
 186
 187     def GetStats(self):
 188         """
 189         Return a dictionary with data about my state.
 190         """
 191         stats = {}
 192         stats['Adapters: Message'] = reduce(lambda x,y: x+y, [0] + map(len, self.messageAdapterDict.values()))
 193         stats['Adapters: Event']   = len(self.eventAdapterDict)
 194         stats['Topics: Total']     = len(self.__getTopics())
 195         stats['Topics: Dead']      = len(self.GetDeadTopics())
 196         return stats
 197
 198
 199     def DeregisterDeadTopics(self):
 200         """
 201         Deregister any entries relating to dead
 202         wxPython objects.  Not sure if this is an
 203         important issue; 1) My app code always de-registers
 204         listeners it doesn't need.  2) I don't think
 205         that lingering references to these dead objects
 206         is a problem.
 207         """
 208         for topic in self.GetDeadTopics():
 209             self.__deregisterTopic(topic)
 210
 211
 212     def GetDeadTopics(self):
 213         """
 214         Return a list of topics relating to dead wxPython
 215         objects.
 216         """
 217         return filter(self.__isDeadTopic, self.__getTopics())
 218
 219
 220     def __winString(self, aWin):
 221         """
 222         A string rep of a window for debugging
 223         """
 224         try:
 225             name = aWin.GetClassName()
 226             i    = id(aWin)
 227             return '%s #%d' % (name, i)
 228         except wx.PyDeadObjectError:
 229             return '(dead wx.Object)'
 230
 231
 232     def __topicString(self, aTopic):
 233         """
 234         A string rep of a topic for debugging
 235         """
 236         return '[%-26s %s]' % (aTopic[0].__name__, self.winString(aTopic[1]))
 237
 238
 239     def __listenerString(self, aListener):
 240         """
 241         A string rep of a listener for debugging
 242         """
 243         try:
 244             return aListener.im_class.__name__ + '.' + aListener.__name__
 245         except:
 246             return 'Function ' + aListener.__name__
 247
 248
 249     def __deregisterTopic(self, aTopic):
 250         try:
 251             messageAdapterList = self.messageAdapterDict[aTopic].values()
 252         except KeyError:
 253             # This topic isn't valid.  Probably because it was deleted
 254             # by listener.
 255             return
 256
 257         for messageAdapter in messageAdapterList:
 258             messageAdapter.Destroy()
 259
 260         self.eventAdapterDict[aTopic].Destroy()
 261         del self.messageAdapterDict[aTopic]
 262         del self.eventAdapterDict[aTopic]
 263
 264
 265     def __getTopics(self, win=None):
 266         if win is None:
 267             return self.messageAdapterDict.keys()
 268
 269         if win is not None:
 270             try:
 271                 return self.windowTopicLookup[win]
 272             except KeyError:
 273                 return self.EMPTY_LIST
 274
 275
 276     def __isDeadWxObject(self, anObject):
 277         return isinstance(anObject, wx._wxPyDeadObject)
 278
 279
 280     def __isDeadTopic(self, aTopic):
 281         return self.__isDeadWxObject(aTopic[1])
 282
 283
 284     def __haveMessageAdapter(self, eventHandler, topicPattern):
 285         """
 286         Return True if there's already a message adapter
 287         with these specs.
 288         """
 289         try:
 290             return self.messageAdapterDict[topicPattern].has_key(eventHandler)
 291         except KeyError:
 292             return 0
 293
 294
 295     def _determineWindow(self, aComponent):
 296         """
 297         Return the window that corresponds to this component.
 298         A window is something that supports the Connect protocol.
 299         Most things registered with the event manager are a window,
 300         but there are apparently some exceptions.  If more are
 301         discovered, the implementation can be changed to a dictionary
 302         lookup along the lines of class : function-to-get-window.
 303         """
 304         if isinstance(aComponent, wx.MenuItem):
 305             return aComponent.GetMenu()
 306         else:
 307             return aComponent
 308
 309
 310
 311 #---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 312 # From here down is implementaion and support classes, although you may
 313 # find some of them useful in other contexts.
 314 #---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 315
 316
 317 class EventMacroInfo:
 318     """
 319     A class that provides information about event macros.
 320     """
 321     def __init__(self):
 322         self.lookupTable = {}
 323
 324
 325     def getEventTypes(self, eventMacro):
 326         """
 327         Return the list of event types that the given
 328         macro corresponds to.
 329         """
 330         try:
 331             return self.lookupTable[eventMacro]
 332         except KeyError:
 333             win = FakeWindow()
 334             try:
 335                 eventMacro(win, None, None)
 336             except (TypeError, AssertionError):
 337                 eventMacro(win, None)
 338             self.lookupTable[eventMacro] = win.eventTypes
 339             return win.eventTypes
 340
 341
 342     def eventIsA(self, event, macroList):
 343         """
 344         Return True if the event is one of the given
 345         macros.
 346         """
 347         eventType = event.GetEventType()
 348         for macro in macroList:
 349             if eventType in self.getEventTypes(macro):
 350                 return 1
 351         return 0
 352
 353
 354     def macroIsA(self, macro, macroList):
 355         """
 356         Return True if the macro is in the macroList.
 357         The added value of this method is that it takes
 358         multi-events into account.  The macroList parameter
 359         will be coerced into a sequence if needed.
 360         """
 361         if callable(macroList):
 362             macroList = (macroList,)
 363         testList  = self.getEventTypes(macro)
 364         eventList = []
 365         for m in macroList:
 366             eventList.extend(self.getEventTypes(m))
 367         # Return True if every element in testList is in eventList
 368         for element in testList:
 369             if element not in eventList:
 370                 return 0
 371         return 1
 372
 373
 374     def isMultiEvent(self, macro):
 375         """
 376         Return True if the given macro actually causes
 377         multiple events to be registered.
 378         """
 379         return len(self.getEventTypes(macro)) > 1
 380
 381
 382 #---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 383
 384 class FakeWindow:
 385     """
 386     Used internally by the EventMacroInfo class.  The FakeWindow is
 387     the most important component of the macro-info utility: it
 388     implements the Connect() protocol of wxWindow, but instead of
 389     registering for events, it keeps track of what parameters were
 390     passed to it.
 391     """
 392     def __init__(self):
 393         self.eventTypes = []
 394
 395     def Connect(self, id1, id2, eventType, handlerFunction):
 396         self.eventTypes.append(eventType)
 397
 398
 399 #---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 400
 401 class EventAdapter:
 402     """
 403     A class that adapts incoming wxWindows events to
 404     Publish/Subscribe messages.
 405
 406     In other words, this is the object that's seen by the
 407     wxWindows system.  Only one of these registers for any
 408     particular wxWindows event.  It then relays it into the
 409     PS system, which lets many listeners respond.
 410     """
 411     def __init__(self, func, win, id):
 412         """
 413         Instantiate a new adapter. Pre-compute my Publish/Subscribe
 414         topic, which is constant, and register with wxWindows.
 415         """
 416         self.publisher = pubsub.Publisher()
 417         self.topic     = ((func, win, id),)
 418         self.id        = id
 419         self.win       = win
 420         self.eventType = _macroInfo.getEventTypes(func)[0]
 421
 422         # Register myself with the wxWindows event system
 423         try:
 424             func(win, id, self.handleEvent)
 425             self.callStyle = 3
 426         except (TypeError, AssertionError):
 427             func(win, self.handleEvent)
 428             self.callStyle = 2
 429
 430
 431     def disconnect(self):
 432         if self.callStyle == 3:
 433             return self.win.Disconnect(self.id, -1, self.eventType)
 434         else:
 435             return self.win.Disconnect(-1, -1, self.eventType)
 436
 437
 438     def handleEvent(self, event):
 439         """
 440         In response to a wxWindows event, send a PS message
 441         """
 442         self.publisher.sendMessage(topic=self.topic, data=event)
 443
 444
 445     def Destroy(self):
 446         try:
 447             if not self.disconnect():
 448                 print 'disconnect failed'
 449         except wx.PyDeadObjectError:
 450             print 'disconnect failed: dead object'              ##????
 451
 452
 453 #---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 454
 455 class MessageAdapter:
 456     """
 457     A class that adapts incoming Publish/Subscribe messages
 458     to wxWindows event calls.
 459
 460     This class works opposite the EventAdapter, and
 461     retrieves the information an EventAdapter has sent in a message.
 462     Strictly speaking, this class is not required: Event listeners
 463     could pull the original wxEvent object out of the PS Message
 464     themselves.
 465
 466     However, by pairing an instance of this class with each wxEvent
 467     handler, the handlers can use the standard API: they receive an
 468     event as a parameter.
 469     """
 470     def __init__(self, eventHandler, topicPattern):
 471         """
 472         Instantiate a new MessageAdapter that send wxEvents to the
 473         given eventHandler.
 474         """
 475         self.eventHandler = eventHandler
 476         pubsub.Publisher().subscribe(listener=self.deliverEvent, topic=(topicPattern,))
 477
 478     def deliverEvent(self, message):
 479         event = message.data        # Extract the wxEvent
 480         self.eventHandler(event)    # Perform the call as wxWindows would
 481
 482     def Destroy(self):
 483         pubsub.Publisher().unsubscribe(listener=self.deliverEvent)
 484
 485
 486 #---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 487 # Create globals
 488
 489 _macroInfo    = EventMacroInfo()
 490
 491 # For now a singleton is not enforced.  Should it be or can we trust
 492 # the programmers?
 493 eventManager  = EventManager()
 494
 495
 496 #---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 497 # simple test code
 498
 499
 500 if __name__ == '__main__':
 501     app    = wx.PySimpleApp()
 502     frame  = wx.Frame(None, -1, 'Event Test', size=(300,300))
 503     button = wx.ToggleButton(frame, -1, 'Listen for Mouse Events')
 504     sizer  = wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)
 505     sizer.Add(button, 0, 0 | wx.ALL, 10)
 506     frame.SetAutoLayout(1)
 507     frame.SetSizer(sizer)
 508
 509     #
 510     # Demonstrate 1) register/deregister, 2) Multiple listeners receiving
 511     # one event, and 3) Multiple events going to one listener.
 512     #
 513
 514     def printEvent(event):
 515         print 'Name:',event.GetClassName(),'Timestamp',event.GetTimestamp()
 516
 517     def enableFrameEvents(event):
 518         # Turn the output of mouse events on and off
 519         if event.IsChecked():
 520             print '\nEnabling mouse events...'
 521             eventManager.Register(printEvent, wx.EVT_MOTION,    frame)
 522             eventManager.Register(printEvent, wx.EVT_LEFT_DOWN, frame)
 523         else:
 524             print '\nDisabling mouse events...'
 525             eventManager.DeregisterWindow(frame)
 526
 527     # Send togglebutton events to both the on/off code as well
 528     # as the function that prints to stdout.
 529     eventManager.Register(printEvent,        wx.EVT_TOGGLEBUTTON, button)
 530     eventManager.Register(enableFrameEvents, wx.EVT_TOGGLEBUTTON, button)
 531
 532     frame.CenterOnScreen()
 533     frame.Show(1)
 534     app.MainLoop()