src/redis-cli.c

   1 /* Redis CLI (command line interface)
   2  *
   3  * Copyright (c) 2009-2010, Salvatore Sanfilippo <antirez at gmail dot com>
   4  * All rights reserved.
   5  *
   6  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   7  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
   8  *
   9  *   * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
  10  *     this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  11  *   * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  12  *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  13  *     documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  14  *   * Neither the name of Redis nor the names of its contributors may be used
  15  *     to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
  16  *     specific prior written permission.
  17  *
  18  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
  19  * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  20  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  21  * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
  22  * LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
  23  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
  24  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
  25  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
  26  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
  27  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
  28  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
  29  */
  30
  31 #include "fmacros.h"
  32 #include "version.h"
  33
  34 #include <stdio.h>
  35 #include <string.h>
  36 #include <stdlib.h>
  37 #include <unistd.h>
  38 #include <ctype.h>
  39 #include <errno.h>
  40 #include <sys/stat.h>
  41 #include <sys/time.h>
  42 #include <assert.h>
  43
  44 #include "hiredis.h"
  45 #include "sds.h"
  46 #include "zmalloc.h"
  47 #include "linenoise.h"
  48 #include "help.h"
  49
  50 #define REDIS_NOTUSED(V) ((void) V)
  51
  52 static redisContext *context;
  53 static struct config {
  54     char *hostip;
  55     int hostport;
  56     char *hostsocket;
  57     long repeat;
  58     int dbnum;
  59     int interactive;
  60     int shutdown;
  61     int monitor_mode;
  62     int pubsub_mode;
  63     int raw_output; /* output mode per command */
  64     int tty; /* flag for default output format */
  65     int stdinarg; /* get last arg from stdin. (-x option) */
  66     char mb_sep;
  67     char *auth;
  68     char *historyfile;
  69 } config;
  70
  71 static void usage();
  72 char *redisGitSHA1(void);
  73
  74 /*------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  75  * Utility functions
  76  *--------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
  77
  78 static long long mstime(void) {
  79     struct timeval tv;
  80     long long mst;
  81
  82     gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
  83     mst = ((long)tv.tv_sec)*1000;
  84     mst += tv.tv_usec/1000;
  85     return mst;
  86 }
  87
  88 /*------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  89  * Help functions
  90  *--------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
  91
  92 #define CLI_HELP_COMMAND 1
  93 #define CLI_HELP_GROUP 2
  94
  95 typedef struct {
  96     int type;
  97     int argc;
  98     sds *argv;
  99     sds full;
 100
 101     /* Only used for help on commands */
 102     struct commandHelp *org;
 103 } helpEntry;
 104
 105 static helpEntry *helpEntries;
 106 static int helpEntriesLen;
 107
 108 static void cliInitHelp() {
 109     int commandslen = sizeof(commandHelp)/sizeof(struct commandHelp);
 110     int groupslen = sizeof(commandGroups)/sizeof(char*);
 111     int i, len, pos = 0;
 112     helpEntry tmp;
 113
 114     helpEntriesLen = len = commandslen+groupslen;
 115     helpEntries = malloc(sizeof(helpEntry)*len);
 116
 117     for (i = 0; i < groupslen; i++) {
 118         tmp.argc = 1;
 119         tmp.argv = malloc(sizeof(sds));
 120         tmp.argv[0] = sdscatprintf(sdsempty(),"@%s",commandGroups[i]);
 121         tmp.full = tmp.argv[0];
 122         tmp.type = CLI_HELP_GROUP;
 123         tmp.org = NULL;
 124         helpEntries[pos++] = tmp;
 125     }
 126
 127     for (i = 0; i < commandslen; i++) {
 128         tmp.argv = sdssplitargs(commandHelp[i].name,&tmp.argc);
 129         tmp.full = sdsnew(commandHelp[i].name);
 130         tmp.type = CLI_HELP_COMMAND;
 131         tmp.org = &commandHelp[i];
 132         helpEntries[pos++] = tmp;
 133     }
 134 }
 135
 136 /* Output command help to stdout. */
 137 static void cliOutputCommandHelp(struct commandHelp *help, int group) {
 138     printf("\r\n  \x1b[1m%s\x1b[0m \x1b[90m%s\x1b[0m\r\n", help->name, help->params);
 139     printf("  \x1b[33msummary:\x1b[0m %s\r\n", help->summary);
 140     printf("  \x1b[33msince:\x1b[0m %s\r\n", help->since);
 141     if (group) {
 142         printf("  \x1b[33mgroup:\x1b[0m %s\r\n", commandGroups[help->group]);
 143     }
 144 }
 145
 146 /* Print generic help. */
 147 static void cliOutputGenericHelp() {
 148     printf(
 149         "redis-cli %s\r\n"
 150         "Type: \"help @<group>\" to get a list of commands in <group>\r\n"
 151         "      \"help <command>\" for help on <command>\r\n"
 152         "      \"help <tab>\" to get a list of possible help topics\r\n"
 153         "      \"quit\" to exit\r\n",
 154         REDIS_VERSION
 155     );
 156 }
 157
 158 /* Output all command help, filtering by group or command name. */
 159 static void cliOutputHelp(int argc, char **argv) {
 160     int i, j, len;
 161     int group = -1;
 162     helpEntry *entry;
 163     struct commandHelp *help;
 164
 165     if (argc == 0) {
 166         cliOutputGenericHelp();
 167         return;
 168     } else if (argc > 0 && argv[0][0] == '@') {
 169         len = sizeof(commandGroups)/sizeof(char*);
 170         for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
 171             if (strcasecmp(argv[0]+1,commandGroups[i]) == 0) {
 172                 group = i;
 173                 break;
 174             }
 175         }
 176     }
 177
 178     assert(argc > 0);
 179     for (i = 0; i < helpEntriesLen; i++) {
 180         entry = &helpEntries[i];
 181         if (entry->type != CLI_HELP_COMMAND) continue;
 182
 183         help = entry->org;
 184         if (group == -1) {
 185             /* Compare all arguments */
 186             if (argc == entry->argc) {
 187                 for (j = 0; j < argc; j++) {
 188                     if (strcasecmp(argv[j],entry->argv[j]) != 0) break;
 189                 }
 190                 if (j == argc) {
 191                     cliOutputCommandHelp(help,1);
 192                 }
 193             }
 194         } else {
 195             if (group == help->group) {
 196                 cliOutputCommandHelp(help,0);
 197             }
 198         }
 199     }
 200     printf("\r\n");
 201 }
 202
 203 static void completionCallback(const char *buf, linenoiseCompletions *lc) {
 204     size_t startpos = 0;
 205     int mask;
 206     int i;
 207     size_t matchlen;
 208     sds tmp;
 209
 210     if (strncasecmp(buf,"help ",5) == 0) {
 211         startpos = 5;
 212         while (isspace(buf[startpos])) startpos++;
 213         mask = CLI_HELP_COMMAND | CLI_HELP_GROUP;
 214     } else {
 215         mask = CLI_HELP_COMMAND;
 216     }
 217
 218     for (i = 0; i < helpEntriesLen; i++) {
 219         if (!(helpEntries[i].type & mask)) continue;
 220
 221         matchlen = strlen(buf+startpos);
 222         if (strncasecmp(buf+startpos,helpEntries[i].full,matchlen) == 0) {
 223             tmp = sdsnewlen(buf,startpos);
 224             tmp = sdscat(tmp,helpEntries[i].full);
 225             linenoiseAddCompletion(lc,tmp);
 226             sdsfree(tmp);
 227         }
 228     }
 229 }
 230
 231 /*------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 232  * Networking / parsing
 233  *--------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 234
 235 /* Send AUTH command to the server */
 236 static int cliAuth() {
 237     redisReply *reply;
 238     if (config.auth == NULL) return REDIS_OK;
 239
 240     reply = redisCommand(context,"AUTH %s",config.auth);
 241     if (reply != NULL) {
 242         freeReplyObject(reply);
 243         return REDIS_OK;
 244     }
 245     return REDIS_ERR;
 246 }
 247
 248 /* Send SELECT dbnum to the server */
 249 static int cliSelect() {
 250     redisReply *reply;
 251     char dbnum[16];
 252     if (config.dbnum == 0) return REDIS_OK;
 253
 254     snprintf(dbnum,sizeof(dbnum),"%d",config.dbnum);
 255     reply = redisCommand(context,"SELECT %s",dbnum);
 256     if (reply != NULL) {
 257         freeReplyObject(reply);
 258         return REDIS_OK;
 259     }
 260     return REDIS_ERR;
 261 }
 262
 263 /* Connect to the client. If force is not zero the connection is performed
 264  * even if there is already a connected socket. */
 265 static int cliConnect(int force) {
 266     if (context == NULL || force) {
 267         if (context != NULL)
 268             redisFree(context);
 269
 270         if (config.hostsocket == NULL) {
 271             context = redisConnect(config.hostip,config.hostport);
 272         } else {
 273             context = redisConnectUnix(config.hostsocket);
 274         }
 275
 276         if (context->err) {
 277             fprintf(stderr,"Could not connect to Redis at ");
 278             if (config.hostsocket == NULL)
 279                 fprintf(stderr,"%s:%d: %s\n",config.hostip,config.hostport,context->errstr);
 280             else
 281                 fprintf(stderr,"%s: %s\n",config.hostsocket,context->errstr);
 282             redisFree(context);
 283             context = NULL;
 284             return REDIS_ERR;
 285         }
 286
 287         /* Do AUTH and select the right DB. */
 288         if (cliAuth() != REDIS_OK)
 289             return REDIS_ERR;
 290         if (cliSelect() != REDIS_OK)
 291             return REDIS_ERR;
 292     }
 293     return REDIS_OK;
 294 }
 295
 296 static void cliPrintContextErrorAndExit() {
 297     if (context == NULL) return;
 298     fprintf(stderr,"Error: %s\n",context->errstr);
 299     exit(1);
 300 }
 301
 302 static sds cliFormatReply(redisReply *r, char *prefix) {
 303     sds out = sdsempty();
 304     switch (r->type) {
 305     case REDIS_REPLY_ERROR:
 306         if (config.tty) out = sdscat(out,"(error) ");
 307         out = sdscatprintf(out,"%s\n", r->str);
 308     break;
 309     case REDIS_REPLY_STATUS:
 310         out = sdscat(out,r->str);
 311         out = sdscat(out,"\n");
 312     break;
 313     case REDIS_REPLY_INTEGER:
 314         if (config.tty) out = sdscat(out,"(integer) ");
 315         out = sdscatprintf(out,"%lld\n",r->integer);
 316     break;
 317     case REDIS_REPLY_STRING:
 318         if (config.raw_output || !config.tty) {
 319             out = sdscatlen(out,r->str,r->len);
 320         } else {
 321             /* If you are producing output for the standard output we want
 322              * a more interesting output with quoted characters and so forth */
 323             out = sdscatrepr(out,r->str,r->len);
 324             out = sdscat(out,"\n");
 325         }
 326     break;
 327     case REDIS_REPLY_NIL:
 328         out = sdscat(out,"(nil)\n");
 329     break;
 330     case REDIS_REPLY_ARRAY:
 331         if (r->elements == 0) {
 332             out = sdscat(out,"(empty list or set)\n");
 333         } else {
 334             unsigned int i, idxlen = 0;
 335             char _prefixlen[16];
 336             char _prefixfmt[16];
 337             sds _prefix;
 338             sds tmp;
 339
 340             /* Calculate chars needed to represent the largest index */
 341             i = r->elements;
 342             do {
 343                 idxlen++;
 344                 i /= 10;
 345             } while(i);
 346
 347             /* Prefix for nested multi bulks should grow with idxlen+2 spaces */
 348             memset(_prefixlen,' ',idxlen+2);
 349             _prefixlen[idxlen+2] = '\0';
 350             _prefix = sdscat(sdsnew(prefix),_prefixlen);
 351
 352             /* Setup prefix format for every entry */
 353             snprintf(_prefixfmt,sizeof(_prefixfmt),"%%s%%%dd) ",idxlen);
 354
 355             for (i = 0; i < r->elements; i++) {
 356                 /* Don't use the prefix for the first element, as the parent
 357                  * caller already prepended the index number. */
 358                 out = sdscatprintf(out,_prefixfmt,i == 0 ? "" : prefix,i+1);
 359
 360                 /* Format the multi bulk entry */
 361                 tmp = cliFormatReply(r->element[i],_prefix);
 362                 out = sdscatlen(out,tmp,sdslen(tmp));
 363                 sdsfree(tmp);
 364             }
 365             sdsfree(_prefix);
 366         }
 367     break;
 368     default:
 369         fprintf(stderr,"Unknown reply type: %d\n", r->type);
 370         exit(1);
 371     }
 372     return out;
 373 }
 374
 375 static int cliReadReply() {
 376     redisReply *reply;
 377     sds out;
 378
 379     if (redisGetReply(context,(void**)&reply) != REDIS_OK) {
 380         if (config.shutdown)
 381             return REDIS_OK;
 382         if (config.interactive) {
 383             /* Filter cases where we should reconnect */
 384             if (context->err == REDIS_ERR_IO && errno == ECONNRESET)
 385                 return REDIS_ERR;
 386             if (context->err == REDIS_ERR_EOF)
 387                 return REDIS_ERR;
 388         }
 389         cliPrintContextErrorAndExit();
 390         return REDIS_ERR; /* avoid compiler warning */
 391     }
 392
 393     out = cliFormatReply(reply,"");
 394     freeReplyObject(reply);
 395     fwrite(out,sdslen(out),1,stdout);
 396     sdsfree(out);
 397     return REDIS_OK;
 398 }
 399
 400 static int cliSendCommand(int argc, char **argv, int repeat) {
 401     char *command = argv[0];
 402     size_t *argvlen;
 403     int j;
 404
 405     if (context == NULL) {
 406         printf("Not connected, please use: connect <host> <port>\n");
 407         return REDIS_OK;
 408     }
 409
 410     config.raw_output = !strcasecmp(command,"info");
 411     if (!strcasecmp(command,"help") || !strcasecmp(command,"?")) {
 412         cliOutputHelp(--argc, ++argv);
 413         return REDIS_OK;
 414     }
 415     if (!strcasecmp(command,"shutdown")) config.shutdown = 1;
 416     if (!strcasecmp(command,"monitor")) config.monitor_mode = 1;
 417     if (!strcasecmp(command,"subscribe") ||
 418         !strcasecmp(command,"psubscribe")) config.pubsub_mode = 1;
 419
 420     /* Setup argument length */
 421     argvlen = malloc(argc*sizeof(size_t));
 422     for (j = 0; j < argc; j++)
 423         argvlen[j] = sdslen(argv[j]);
 424
 425     while(repeat--) {
 426         redisAppendCommandArgv(context,argc,(const char**)argv,argvlen);
 427         while (config.monitor_mode) {
 428             if (cliReadReply() != REDIS_OK) exit(1);
 429             fflush(stdout);
 430         }
 431
 432         if (config.pubsub_mode) {
 433             printf("Reading messages... (press Ctrl-C to quit)\n");
 434             while (1) {
 435                 if (cliReadReply() != REDIS_OK) exit(1);
 436             }
 437         }
 438
 439         if (cliReadReply() != REDIS_OK)
 440             return REDIS_ERR;
 441     }
 442     return REDIS_OK;
 443 }
 444
 445 /*------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 446  * User interface
 447  *--------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 448
 449 static int parseOptions(int argc, char **argv) {
 450     int i;
 451
 452     for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
 453         int lastarg = i==argc-1;
 454
 455         if (!strcmp(argv[i],"-h") && !lastarg) {
 456             sdsfree(config.hostip);
 457             config.hostip = sdsnew(argv[i+1]);
 458             i++;
 459         } else if (!strcmp(argv[i],"-h") && lastarg) {
 460             usage();
 461         } else if (!strcmp(argv[i],"-x")) {
 462             config.stdinarg = 1;
 463         } else if (!strcmp(argv[i],"-p") && !lastarg) {
 464             config.hostport = atoi(argv[i+1]);
 465             i++;
 466         } else if (!strcmp(argv[i],"-s") && !lastarg) {
 467             config.hostsocket = argv[i+1];
 468             i++;
 469         } else if (!strcmp(argv[i],"-r") && !lastarg) {
 470             config.repeat = strtoll(argv[i+1],NULL,10);
 471             i++;
 472         } else if (!strcmp(argv[i],"-n") && !lastarg) {
 473             config.dbnum = atoi(argv[i+1]);
 474             i++;
 475         } else if (!strcmp(argv[i],"-a") && !lastarg) {
 476             config.auth = argv[i+1];
 477             i++;
 478         } else if (!strcmp(argv[i],"-i")) {
 479             fprintf(stderr,
 480 "Starting interactive mode using -i is deprecated. Interactive mode is started\n"
 481 "by default when redis-cli is executed without a command to execute.\n"
 482             );
 483         } else if (!strcmp(argv[i],"-c")) {
 484             fprintf(stderr,
 485 "Reading last argument from standard input using -c is deprecated.\n"
 486 "When standard input is connected to a pipe or regular file, it is\n"
 487 "automatically used as last argument.\n"
 488             );
 489         } else if (!strcmp(argv[i],"-v")) {
 490             printf("redis-cli shipped with Redis version %s (%s)\n", REDIS_VERSION, redisGitSHA1());
 491             exit(0);
 492         } else {
 493             break;
 494         }
 495     }
 496     return i;
 497 }
 498
 499 static sds readArgFromStdin(void) {
 500     char buf[1024];
 501     sds arg = sdsempty();
 502
 503     while(1) {
 504         int nread = read(fileno(stdin),buf,1024);
 505
 506         if (nread == 0) break;
 507         else if (nread == -1) {
 508             perror("Reading from standard input");
 509             exit(1);
 510         }
 511         arg = sdscatlen(arg,buf,nread);
 512     }
 513     return arg;
 514 }
 515
 516 static void usage() {
 517     fprintf(stderr, "usage: redis-cli [-iv] [-h host] [-p port] [-s /path/to/socket] [-a authpw] [-r repeat_times] [-n db_num] cmd arg1 arg2 arg3 ... argN\n");
 518     fprintf(stderr, "usage: echo \"argN\" | redis-cli -x [options] cmd arg1 arg2 ... arg(N-1)\n\n");
 519     fprintf(stderr, "example: cat /etc/passwd | redis-cli -x set my_passwd\n");
 520     fprintf(stderr, "example: redis-cli get my_passwd\n");
 521     fprintf(stderr, "example: redis-cli -r 100 lpush mylist x\n");
 522     fprintf(stderr, "\nRun in interactive mode: redis-cli -i or just don't pass any command\n");
 523     exit(1);
 524 }
 525
 526 /* Turn the plain C strings into Sds strings */
 527 static char **convertToSds(int count, char** args) {
 528   int j;
 529   char **sds = zmalloc(sizeof(char*)*count);
 530
 531   for(j = 0; j < count; j++)
 532     sds[j] = sdsnew(args[j]);
 533
 534   return sds;
 535 }
 536
 537 #define LINE_BUFLEN 4096
 538 static void repl() {
 539     int argc, j;
 540     char *line;
 541     sds *argv;
 542
 543     config.interactive = 1;
 544     linenoiseSetCompletionCallback(completionCallback);
 545
 546     while((line = linenoise(context ? "redis> " : "not connected> ")) != NULL) {
 547         if (line[0] != '\0') {
 548             argv = sdssplitargs(line,&argc);
 549             linenoiseHistoryAdd(line);
 550             if (config.historyfile) linenoiseHistorySave(config.historyfile);
 551             if (argv == NULL) {
 552                 printf("Invalid argument(s)\n");
 553                 continue;
 554             } else if (argc > 0) {
 555                 if (strcasecmp(argv[0],"quit") == 0 ||
 556                     strcasecmp(argv[0],"exit") == 0)
 557                 {
 558                     exit(0);
 559                 } else if (argc == 3 && !strcasecmp(argv[0],"connect")) {
 560                     sdsfree(config.hostip);
 561                     config.hostip = sdsnew(argv[1]);
 562                     config.hostport = atoi(argv[2]);
 563                     cliConnect(1);
 564                 } else if (argc == 1 && !strcasecmp(argv[0],"clear")) {
 565                     linenoiseClearScreen();
 566                 } else {
 567                     long long start_time = mstime(), elapsed;
 568
 569                     if (cliSendCommand(argc,argv,1) != REDIS_OK) {
 570                         cliConnect(1);
 571
 572                         /* If we still cannot send the command,
 573                          * print error and abort. */
 574                         if (cliSendCommand(argc,argv,1) != REDIS_OK)
 575                             cliPrintContextErrorAndExit();
 576                     }
 577                     elapsed = mstime()-start_time;
 578                     if (elapsed >= 500) {
 579                         printf("(%.2fs)\n",(double)elapsed/1000);
 580                     }
 581                 }
 582             }
 583             /* Free the argument vector */
 584             for (j = 0; j < argc; j++)
 585                 sdsfree(argv[j]);
 586             zfree(argv);
 587         }
 588         /* linenoise() returns malloc-ed lines like readline() */
 589         free(line);
 590     }
 591     exit(0);
 592 }
 593
 594 static int noninteractive(int argc, char **argv) {
 595     int retval = 0;
 596     if (config.stdinarg) {
 597         argv = zrealloc(argv, (argc+1)*sizeof(char*));
 598         argv[argc] = readArgFromStdin();
 599         retval = cliSendCommand(argc+1, argv, config.repeat);
 600     } else {
 601         /* stdin is probably a tty, can be tested with S_ISCHR(s.st_mode) */
 602         retval = cliSendCommand(argc, argv, config.repeat);
 603     }
 604     return retval;
 605 }
 606
 607 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
 608     int firstarg;
 609
 610     config.hostip = sdsnew("127.0.0.1");
 611     config.hostport = 6379;
 612     config.hostsocket = NULL;
 613     config.repeat = 1;
 614     config.dbnum = 0;
 615     config.interactive = 0;
 616     config.shutdown = 0;
 617     config.monitor_mode = 0;
 618     config.pubsub_mode = 0;
 619     config.raw_output = 0;
 620     config.stdinarg = 0;
 621     config.auth = NULL;
 622     config.historyfile = NULL;
 623     config.tty = isatty(fileno(stdout)) || (getenv("FAKETTY") != NULL);
 624     config.mb_sep = '\n';
 625     cliInitHelp();
 626
 627     if (getenv("HOME") != NULL) {
 628         config.historyfile = malloc(256);
 629         snprintf(config.historyfile,256,"%s/.rediscli_history",getenv("HOME"));
 630         linenoiseHistoryLoad(config.historyfile);
 631     }
 632
 633     firstarg = parseOptions(argc,argv);
 634     argc -= firstarg;
 635     argv += firstarg;
 636
 637     /* Try to connect */
 638     if (cliConnect(0) != REDIS_OK) exit(1);
 639
 640     /* Start interactive mode when no command is provided */
 641     if (argc == 0) repl();
 642     /* Otherwise, we have some arguments to execute */
 643     return noninteractive(argc,convertToSds(argc,argv));
 644 }