Find JVM with dlopen and register Android natives.

[cycript.git] / ObjectiveC / Library.mm

diff --git a/ObjectiveC/Library.mm b/ObjectiveC/Library.mm
index f67fac20498cd4816dfcabd83159fb968d180d29..e7c16b85de8353f0570ee2edf0cccd13e0e11553 100644 (file)
--- a/ObjectiveC/Library.mm
+++ b/ObjectiveC/Library.mm
@@ -1,84 +1,66 @@
-/* Cycript - Inlining/Optimizing JavaScript Compiler
- * Copyright (C) 2009  Jay Freeman (saurik)
+/* Cycript - The Truly Universal Scripting Language
+ * Copyright (C) 2009-2016  Jay Freeman (saurik)

 */
 
 */
 

-/* Modified BSD License {{{ */
+/* GNU Affero General Public License, Version 3 {{{ */

 /*
 /*

- *        Redistribution and use in source and binary
- * forms, with or without modification, are permitted
- * provided that the following conditions are met:
- *
- * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the
- *    above copyright notice, this list of conditions
- *    and the following disclaimer.
- * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the
- *    above copyright notice, this list of conditions
- *    and the following disclaimer in the documentation
- *    and/or other materials provided with the
- *    distribution.
- * 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse
- *    or promote products derived from this software
- *    without specific prior written permission.
- *
- * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS''
- * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING,
- * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
- * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
- * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE
- * LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
- * EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
- * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
- * SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
- * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR
- * TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN
- * ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF
- * ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
-*/
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
+
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+**/

 /* }}} */
 
 /* }}} */
 

-#if defined(__APPLE__) && defined(__arm__)
-#include <substrate.h>
-#else
-#include <objc/objc-api.h>
-#endif
-
-#ifdef __APPLE__
-#include "Struct.hpp"
-#endif
+#include "cycript.hpp"

 
 

-#include <Foundation/Foundation.h>
+#include <cmath>

 
 

-#include "ObjectiveC/Internal.hpp"
+#include <map>
+#include <set>

 
 

-#include <objc/Protocol.h>
+#include <dlfcn.h>

 
 

-#include "cycript.hpp"
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+#include <malloc/malloc.h>
+#include <mach/mach.h>
+#endif

 
 

-#include "ObjectiveC/Internal.hpp"
+#include <objc/message.h>
+#include <objc/runtime.h>

 
 #ifdef __APPLE__
 #include <CoreFoundation/CoreFoundation.h>
 #include <JavaScriptCore/JSStringRefCF.h>
 
 #ifdef __APPLE__
 #include <CoreFoundation/CoreFoundation.h>
 #include <JavaScriptCore/JSStringRefCF.h>

-#include <WebKit/WebScriptObject.h>

 #endif
 
 #endif
 

+#include <Foundation/Foundation.h>
+
+#include "Code.hpp"
+#include "Decode.hpp"

 #include "Error.hpp"
 #include "JavaScript.hpp"
 #include "String.hpp"
 #include "Execute.hpp"
 
 #include "Error.hpp"
 #include "JavaScript.hpp"
 #include "String.hpp"
 #include "Execute.hpp"
 

-#include <cmath>
-#include <map>
+#include "ObjectiveC/Internal.hpp"
+#include "ObjectiveC/Syntax.hpp"

 
 

-#define CYObjectiveTry_(context) { \
-    JSContextRef context_(context); \
+#define CYObjectiveTry_ { \

     try
 #define CYObjectiveTry { \
     try
 #define CYObjectiveTry { \

+    JSContextRef context(context_); \

     try
 #define CYObjectiveCatch \
     catch (const CYException &error) { \
     try
 #define CYObjectiveCatch \
     catch (const CYException &error) { \

-        @throw CYCastNSObject(NULL, context_, error.CastJSValue(context_)); \
+        @throw CYCastNSObject(NULL, context, error.CastJSValue(context, "Error")); \

     } \
 }
 
     } \
 }
 


@@ -106,97 +88,103 @@
     } return value; \
 }
 
     } return value; \
 }
 

-#ifndef __APPLE__
-#define class_getSuperclass GSObjCSuper
-#define class_getInstanceVariable GSCGetInstanceVariableDefinition
-#define class_getName GSNameFromClass
-
-#define class_removeMethods(cls, list) GSRemoveMethodList(cls, list, YES)
-
-#define ivar_getName(ivar) ((ivar)->ivar_name)
-#define ivar_getOffset(ivar) ((ivar)->ivar_offset)
-#define ivar_getTypeEncoding(ivar) ((ivar)->ivar_type)
-
-#define method_getName(method) ((method)->method_name)
-#define method_getImplementation(method) ((method)->method_imp)
-#define method_getTypeEncoding(method) ((method)->method_types)
-#define method_setImplementation(method, imp) ((void) ((method)->method_imp = (imp)))
+#define _oassert(test) \
+    if (!(test)) \
+        @throw [NSException exceptionWithName:NSInternalInconsistencyException reason:@"_assert(" #test ")" userInfo:nil];

 
 

-#undef objc_getClass
-#define objc_getClass GSClassFromName
+@class NSBlock;

 
 

-#define objc_getProtocol GSProtocolFromName
+struct BlockLiteral {
+    Class isa;
+    int flags;
+    int reserved;
+    void (*invoke)(void *, ...);
+    void *descriptor;
+};

 
 

-#define object_getClass GSObjCClass
+struct BlockDescriptor1 {
+    unsigned long int reserved;
+    unsigned long int size;
+};

 
 

-#define object_getInstanceVariable(object, name, value) ({ \
-    objc_ivar *ivar(class_getInstanceVariable(object_getClass(object), name)); \
-    if (ivar != NULL) \
-        GSObjCGetVariable(object, ivar_getOffset(ivar), sizeof(void *), value); \
-    ivar; \
-})
+struct BlockDescriptor2 {
+    void (*copy_helper)(BlockLiteral *dst, BlockLiteral *src);
+    void (*dispose_helper)(BlockLiteral *src);
+};

 
 

-#define object_setIvar(object, ivar, value) ({ \
-    void *data = (value); \
-    GSObjCSetVariable(object, ivar_getOffset(ivar), sizeof(void *), &data); \
-})
+struct BlockDescriptor3 {
+    const char *signature;
+    const char *layout;
+};

 
 

-#define protocol_getName(protocol) [(protocol) name]
-#endif
+enum {
+    BLOCK_DEALLOCATING = 0x0001,
+    BLOCK_REFCOUNT_MASK = 0xfffe,
+    BLOCK_NEEDS_FREE = 1 << 24,
+    BLOCK_HAS_COPY_DISPOSE = 1 << 25,
+    BLOCK_HAS_CTOR = 1 << 26,
+    BLOCK_IS_GC = 1 << 27,
+    BLOCK_IS_GLOBAL = 1 << 28,
+    BLOCK_HAS_STRET = 1 << 29,
+    BLOCK_HAS_SIGNATURE = 1 << 30,
+};

 
 

-JSValueRef CYSendMessage(apr_pool_t *pool, JSContextRef context, id self, Class super, SEL _cmd, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], bool initialize, JSValueRef *exception);
+JSValueRef CYSendMessage(CYPool &pool, JSContextRef context, id self, Class super, SEL _cmd, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], bool initialize);

 
 /* Objective-C Pool Release {{{ */
 
 /* Objective-C Pool Release {{{ */

-apr_status_t CYPoolRelease_(void *data) {
+void CYPoolRelease_(void *data) {

     id object(reinterpret_cast<id>(data));
     [object release];
     id object(reinterpret_cast<id>(data));
     [object release];

-    return APR_SUCCESS;

 }
 
 }
 

-id CYPoolRelease_(apr_pool_t *pool, id object) {
+id CYPoolRelease_(CYPool *pool, id object) {

     if (object == nil)
         return nil;
     else if (pool == NULL)
         return [object autorelease];
     else {
     if (object == nil)
         return nil;
     else if (pool == NULL)
         return [object autorelease];
     else {

-        apr_pool_cleanup_register(pool, object, &CYPoolRelease_, &apr_pool_cleanup_null);
+        pool->atexit(CYPoolRelease_);

         return object;
     }
 }
 
 template <typename Type_>
         return object;
     }
 }
 
 template <typename Type_>

-Type_ CYPoolRelease(apr_pool_t *pool, Type_ object) {
+Type_ CYPoolRelease(CYPool *pool, Type_ object) {

     return (Type_) CYPoolRelease_(pool, (id) object);
 }
 /* }}} */
 /* Objective-C Strings {{{ */
     return (Type_) CYPoolRelease_(pool, (id) object);
 }
 /* }}} */
 /* Objective-C Strings {{{ */

-const char *CYPoolCString(apr_pool_t *pool, JSContextRef context, NSString *value) {
-    if (pool == NULL)
-        return [value UTF8String];
-    else {
-        size_t size([value maximumLengthOfBytesUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding] + 1);
-        char *string(new(pool) char[size]);
-        if (![value getCString:string maxLength:size encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding])
-            throw CYJSError(context, "[NSString getCString:maxLength:encoding:] == NO");
-        return string;
-    }
+CYUTF8String CYPoolUTF8String(CYPool &pool, JSContextRef context, NSString *value) {
+    size_t size([value maximumLengthOfBytesUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]);
+    char *string(new(pool) char[size + 1]);
+    if (![value getCString:string maxLength:size encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding])
+        throw CYJSError(context, "[NSString getCString:maxLength:encoding:] == NO");
+    return CYUTF8String(string, [value lengthOfBytesUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]);

 }
 
 }
 

+const char *CYPoolCString(CYPool &pool, JSContextRef context, NSString *value) {
+    CYUTF8String utf8(CYPoolUTF8String(pool, context, value));
+    _assert(memchr(utf8.data, '\0', utf8.size) == NULL);
+    return utf8.data;
+}
+
+#ifdef __clang__

 JSStringRef CYCopyJSString(JSContextRef context, NSString *value) {
 JSStringRef CYCopyJSString(JSContextRef context, NSString *value) {

-#ifdef __APPLE__

     return JSStringCreateWithCFString(reinterpret_cast<CFStringRef>(value));
     return JSStringCreateWithCFString(reinterpret_cast<CFStringRef>(value));

-#else
-    CYPool pool;
-    return CYCopyJSString(CYPoolCString(pool, context, value));
-#endif

 }
 }

+#endif

 
 JSStringRef CYCopyJSString(JSContextRef context, NSObject *value) {
     if (value == nil)
         return NULL;
     // XXX: this definition scares me; is anyone using this?!
     NSString *string([value description]);
 
 JSStringRef CYCopyJSString(JSContextRef context, NSObject *value) {
     if (value == nil)
         return NULL;
     // XXX: this definition scares me; is anyone using this?!
     NSString *string([value description]);

+#ifdef __clang__

     return CYCopyJSString(context, string);
     return CYCopyJSString(context, string);

+#else
+    CYPool pool;
+    return CYCopyJSString(CYPoolUTF8String(pool, context, string));
+#endif

 }
 
 NSString *CYCopyNSString(const CYUTF8String &value) {
 }
 
 NSString *CYCopyNSString(const CYUTF8String &value) {


@@ -220,16 +208,16 @@ NSString *CYCopyNSString(JSContextRef context, JSValueRef value) {
     return CYCopyNSString(context, CYJSString(context, value));
 }
 
     return CYCopyNSString(context, CYJSString(context, value));
 }
 

-NSString *CYCastNSString(apr_pool_t *pool, const CYUTF8String &value) {
+NSString *CYCastNSString(CYPool *pool, const CYUTF8String &value) {

     return CYPoolRelease(pool, CYCopyNSString(value));
 }
 
     return CYPoolRelease(pool, CYCopyNSString(value));
 }
 

-NSString *CYCastNSString(apr_pool_t *pool, SEL sel) {
+NSString *CYCastNSString(CYPool *pool, SEL sel) {

     const char *name(sel_getName(sel));
     return CYPoolRelease(pool, CYCopyNSString(CYUTF8String(name, strlen(name))));
 }
 
     const char *name(sel_getName(sel));
     return CYPoolRelease(pool, CYCopyNSString(CYUTF8String(name, strlen(name))));
 }
 

-NSString *CYCastNSString(apr_pool_t *pool, JSContextRef context, JSStringRef value) {
+NSString *CYCastNSString(CYPool *pool, JSContextRef context, JSStringRef value) {

     return CYPoolRelease(pool, CYCopyNSString(context, value));
 }
 
     return CYPoolRelease(pool, CYCopyNSString(context, value));
 }
 


@@ -251,18 +239,20 @@ size_t CYGetIndex(NSString *value) {
     return CYGetIndex(CYCastUTF8String(value));
 }
 
     return CYGetIndex(CYCastUTF8String(value));
 }
 

-bool CYGetOffset(apr_pool_t *pool, JSContextRef context, NSString *value, ssize_t &index) {
+bool CYGetOffset(CYPool &pool, JSContextRef context, NSString *value, ssize_t &index) {

     return CYGetOffset(CYPoolCString(pool, context, value), index);
 }
 
     return CYGetOffset(CYPoolCString(pool, context, value), index);
 }
 

-static JSClassRef Instance_;
-static JSClassRef Internal_;
-static JSClassRef Message_;
-static JSClassRef Messages_;
-static JSClassRef Selector_;
-static JSClassRef Super_;
+static JSClassRef ArrayInstance_;
+static JSClassRef BooleanInstance_;
+static JSClassRef ClassInstance_;
+static JSClassRef FunctionInstance_;
+static JSClassRef NumberInstance_;
+static JSClassRef ObjectInstance_;
+static JSClassRef StringInstance_;

 
 static JSClassRef ObjectiveC_Classes_;
 
 static JSClassRef ObjectiveC_Classes_;

+static JSClassRef ObjectiveC_Constants_;

 static JSClassRef ObjectiveC_Protocols_;
 
 #ifdef __APPLE__
 static JSClassRef ObjectiveC_Protocols_;
 
 #ifdef __APPLE__


@@ -271,32 +261,29 @@ static JSClassRef ObjectiveC_Images_;
 #endif
 
 #ifdef __APPLE__
 #endif
 
 #ifdef __APPLE__

+static Class __NSMallocBlock__;

 static Class NSCFBoolean_;
 static Class NSCFType_;
 static Class NSCFBoolean_;
 static Class NSCFType_;

-static Class NSMessageBuilder_;
-static Class NSZombie_;
+static Class NSGenericDeallocHandler_;

 #else
 static Class NSBoolNumber_;
 #endif
 
 static Class NSArray_;
 #else
 static Class NSBoolNumber_;
 #endif
 
 static Class NSArray_;

+static Class NSBlock_;

 static Class NSDictionary_;
 static Class NSDictionary_;

+static Class NSNumber_;
+static Class NSString_;
+static Class NSZombie_;

 static Class Object_;
 
 static Class Object_;
 

-static Type_privateData *Object_type;
-static Type_privateData *Selector_type;
-
-Type_privateData *Instance::GetType() const {
-    return Object_type;
-}
-
-Type_privateData *Selector_privateData::GetType() const {
-    return Selector_type;
-}
+static JSValueRef Instance_callAsFunction_toString(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObjectRef _this, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception);

 
 

-JSValueRef CYGetClassPrototype(JSContextRef context, id self) {
+JSValueRef CYGetClassPrototype(JSContextRef context, Class self, bool meta) {

     if (self == nil)
         return CYGetCachedObject(context, CYJSString("Instance_prototype"));
     if (self == nil)
         return CYGetCachedObject(context, CYJSString("Instance_prototype"));

+    else if (meta && !class_isMetaClass(self))
+        return CYGetCachedObject(context, CYJSString("ClassInstance_prototype"));

 
     JSObjectRef global(CYGetGlobalObject(context));
     JSObjectRef cy(CYCastJSObject(context, CYGetProperty(context, global, cy_s)));
 
     JSObjectRef global(CYGetGlobalObject(context));
     JSObjectRef cy(CYCastJSObject(context, CYGetProperty(context, global, cy_s)));


@@ -309,79 +296,109 @@ JSValueRef CYGetClassPrototype(JSContextRef context, id self) {
     if (!JSValueIsUndefined(context, value))
         return value;
 
     if (!JSValueIsUndefined(context, value))
         return value;
 

-    JSClassRef _class(NULL);

     JSValueRef prototype;
 
     JSValueRef prototype;
 

-    if (self == NSArray_)
-        prototype = CYGetCachedObject(context, CYJSString("Array_prototype"));
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+    if (self == NSCFBoolean_)
+#else
+    if (self == NSBoolNumber_)
+#endif
+        prototype = CYGetCachedObject(context, CYJSString("BooleanInstance_prototype"));
+    else if (self == NSArray_)
+        prototype = CYGetCachedObject(context, CYJSString("ArrayInstance_prototype"));
+    else if (self == NSBlock_)
+        prototype = CYGetCachedObject(context, CYJSString("FunctionInstance_prototype"));
+    else if (self == NSNumber_)
+        prototype = CYGetCachedObject(context, CYJSString("NumberInstance_prototype"));

     else if (self == NSDictionary_)
     else if (self == NSDictionary_)

-        prototype = CYGetCachedObject(context, CYJSString("Object_prototype"));
+        prototype = CYGetCachedObject(context, CYJSString("ObjectInstance_prototype"));
+    else if (self == NSString_)
+        prototype = CYGetCachedObject(context, CYJSString("StringInstance_prototype"));

     else
     else

-        prototype = CYGetClassPrototype(context, class_getSuperclass(self));
+        prototype = CYGetClassPrototype(context, class_getSuperclass(self), meta);

 
 

-    JSObjectRef object(JSObjectMake(context, _class, NULL));
-    JSObjectSetPrototype(context, object, prototype);
+    JSObjectRef object(JSObjectMake(context, NULL, NULL));
+    CYSetPrototype(context, object, prototype);

     CYSetProperty(context, cy, name, object);
     CYSetProperty(context, cy, name, object);

+

     return object;
 }
 
     return object;
 }
 

-JSObjectRef Messages::Make(JSContextRef context, Class _class, bool array) {
-    JSObjectRef value(JSObjectMake(context, Messages_, new Messages(_class)));
-    if (_class == NSArray_)
-        array = true;
-    if (Class super = class_getSuperclass(_class))
-        JSObjectSetPrototype(context, value, Messages::Make(context, super, array));
-    /*else if (array)
-        JSObjectSetPrototype(context, value, Array_prototype_);*/
-    return value;
+_finline JSValueRef CYGetClassPrototype(JSContextRef context, Class self) {
+    return CYGetClassPrototype(context, self, class_isMetaClass(self));

 }
 
 }
 

-JSObjectRef Internal::Make(JSContextRef context, id object, JSObjectRef owner) {
-    return JSObjectMake(context, Internal_, new Internal(object, context, owner));
+JSValueRef Messages::GetPrototype(JSContextRef context) const {
+    if (Class super = class_getSuperclass(value_))
+        return Messages::Make(context, super);
+    return NULL;

 }
 
 }
 

-namespace cy {
-JSObjectRef Super::Make(JSContextRef context, id object, Class _class) {
-    JSObjectRef value(JSObjectMake(context, Super_, new Super(object, _class)));
-    return value;
-} }
+bool CYIsKindOfClass(id object, Class _class) {
+    for (Class isa(object_getClass(object)); isa != NULL; isa = class_getSuperclass(isa))
+        if (isa == _class)
+            return true;
+    return false;
+}

 
 

-JSObjectRef Instance::Make(JSContextRef context, id object, Flags flags) {
-    JSObjectRef value(JSObjectMake(context, Instance_, new Instance(object, flags)));
-    JSObjectSetPrototype(context, value, CYGetClassPrototype(context, object_getClass(object)));
-    return value;
+JSValueRef Instance::GetPrototype(JSContextRef context) const {
+    return CYGetClassPrototype(context, object_getClass(value_));
+}
+
+JSClassRef Instance::GetClass(id object, Flags flags) {
+    return CYIsKindOfClass(object, NSBlock_) ? FunctionInstance_ : Instance::Class_;
+}
+
+Instance::Instance(id value, Flags flags) :
+    CYValue(value),
+    flags_(flags)
+{
+    if ((flags & Instance::Permanent) == 0)
+        value_ = [value_ retain];

 }
 
 Instance::~Instance() {
 }
 
 Instance::~Instance() {

-    if ((flags_ & Transient) == 0)
-        // XXX: does this handle background threads correctly?
-        // XXX: this simply does not work on the console because I'm stupid
-        [GetValue() performSelector:@selector(release) withObject:nil afterDelay:0];
+    if ((flags_ & Permanent) == 0)
+        [value_ release];

 }
 
 struct Message_privateData :
     cy::Functor
 {
 }
 
 struct Message_privateData :
     cy::Functor
 {

+    static JSClassRef Class_;
+

     SEL sel_;
 
     SEL sel_;
 

-    Message_privateData(SEL sel, const char *type, IMP value = NULL) :
-        cy::Functor(type, reinterpret_cast<void (*)()>(value)),
+    Message_privateData(SEL sel, const char *type, IMP value) :
+        cy::Functor(reinterpret_cast<void (*)()>(value), type),

         sel_(sel)
     {
     }
         sel_(sel)
     {
     }

+
+    static JSObjectRef Make(JSContextRef context, SEL sel, const char *type, IMP value);

 };
 
 };
 

-JSObjectRef CYMakeInstance(JSContextRef context, id object, bool transient) {
-    Instance::Flags flags;
+JSClassRef Message_privateData::Class_;

 
 

-    if (transient)
-        flags = Instance::Transient;
-    else {
-        flags = Instance::None;
-        object = [object retain];
-    }
+JSObjectRef CYMakeInstance(JSContextRef context, id object, Instance::Flags flags = Instance::None) {
+    _assert(object != nil);
+
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+    JSWeakObjectMapRef weak(CYCastPointer<JSWeakObjectMapRef>(context, CYGetCachedValue(context, weak_s)));

 
 

-    return Instance::Make(context, object, flags);
+    if (weak != NULL && &JSWeakObjectMapGet != NULL)
+        if (JSObjectRef instance = JSWeakObjectMapGet(context, weak, object))
+            return instance;
+#endif
+
+    JSObjectRef instance(Instance::Make(context, object, flags));
+
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+    if (weak != NULL && &JSWeakObjectMapSet != NULL)
+        JSWeakObjectMapSet(context, weak, object, instance);
+#endif
+
+    return instance;

 }
 
 @interface NSMethodSignature (Cycript)
 }
 
 @interface NSMethodSignature (Cycript)


@@ -390,64 +407,64 @@ JSObjectRef CYMakeInstance(JSContextRef context, id object, bool transient) {
 
 @interface NSObject (Cycript)
 
 
 @interface NSObject (Cycript)
 

-- (JSValueRef) cy$JSValueInContext:(JSContextRef)context;
+- (JSValueRef) cy$valueOfInContext:(JSContextRef)context;

 - (JSType) cy$JSType;
 
 - (JSType) cy$JSType;
 

-- (NSObject *) cy$toJSON:(NSString *)key;
-- (NSString *) cy$toCYON;
-- (NSString *) cy$toKey;
+- (JSValueRef) cy$toJSON:(NSString *)key inContext:(JSContextRef)context;
+- (NSString *) cy$toCYON:(bool)objective inSet:(std::set<void *> &)objects;

 
 - (bool) cy$hasProperty:(NSString *)name;
 - (NSObject *) cy$getProperty:(NSString *)name;
 
 - (bool) cy$hasProperty:(NSString *)name;
 - (NSObject *) cy$getProperty:(NSString *)name;

+- (JSValueRef) cy$getProperty:(NSString *)name inContext:(JSContextRef)context;

 - (bool) cy$setProperty:(NSString *)name to:(NSObject *)value;
 - (bool) cy$deleteProperty:(NSString *)name;
 - (void) cy$getPropertyNames:(JSPropertyNameAccumulatorRef)names inContext:(JSContextRef)context;
 
 - (bool) cy$setProperty:(NSString *)name to:(NSObject *)value;
 - (bool) cy$deleteProperty:(NSString *)name;
 - (void) cy$getPropertyNames:(JSPropertyNameAccumulatorRef)names inContext:(JSContextRef)context;
 

++ (bool) cy$hasImplicitProperties;
+

 @end
 
 @protocol Cycript
 @end
 
 @protocol Cycript

-- (JSValueRef) cy$JSValueInContext:(JSContextRef)context;
+- (id) cy$box;
+- (JSValueRef) cy$valueOfInContext:(JSContextRef)context;

 @end
 
 @end
 

-NSString *CYCastNSCYON(id value) {
-    NSString *string;
+NSString *CYCastNSCYON(id value, bool objective, std::set<void *> &objects) {
+    _assert(value != nil);

 
 

-    if (value == nil)
-        string = @"nil";
-    else {
-        Class _class(object_getClass(value));
-        SEL sel(@selector(cy$toCYON));
-
-        if (objc_method *toCYON = class_getInstanceMethod(_class, sel))
-            string = reinterpret_cast<NSString *(*)(id, SEL)>(method_getImplementation(toCYON))(value, sel);
-        else if (objc_method *methodSignatureForSelector = class_getInstanceMethod(_class, @selector(methodSignatureForSelector:))) {
-            if (reinterpret_cast<NSMethodSignature *(*)(id, SEL, SEL)>(method_getImplementation(methodSignatureForSelector))(value, @selector(methodSignatureForSelector:), sel) != nil)
-                string = [value cy$toCYON];
-            else goto fail;
-        } else fail: {
-            if (false);
-#ifdef __APPLE__
-            else if (value == NSZombie_)
-                string = @"_NSZombie_";
-            else if (_class == NSZombie_)
-                string = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"<_NSZombie_: %p>", value];
-            // XXX: frowny /in/ the pants
-            else if (value == NSMessageBuilder_ || value == Object_)
-                string = nil;
-#endif
-            else
-                string = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@", value];
-        }
+    Class _class(object_getClass(value));

 
 

-        // XXX: frowny pants
-        if (string == nil)
-            string = @"undefined";
+    if (class_isMetaClass(_class)) {
+        const char *name(class_getName(value));
+        if (class_isMetaClass(value))
+            return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"object_getClass(%s)", name];
+        else
+            return [NSString stringWithUTF8String:name];

     }
 
     }
 

-    return string;
+    if (_class == NSZombie_)
+        return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"<_NSZombie_: %p>", value];
+
+    SEL sel(@selector(cy$toCYON:inSet:));
+
+    if (objc_method *toCYON = class_getInstanceMethod(_class, sel))
+        return reinterpret_cast<NSString *(*)(id, SEL, bool, std::set<void *> &)>(method_getImplementation(toCYON))(value, sel, objective, objects);
+    else if (objc_method *methodSignatureForSelector = class_getInstanceMethod(_class, @selector(methodSignatureForSelector:)))
+        if (reinterpret_cast<NSMethodSignature *(*)(id, SEL, SEL)>(method_getImplementation(methodSignatureForSelector))(value, @selector(methodSignatureForSelector:), sel) != nil)
+            return [value cy$toCYON:objective inSet:objects];
+
+    return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@", value];
+}
+
+NSString *CYCastNSCYON(id value, bool objective, std::set<void *> *objects) {
+    if (objects != NULL)
+        return CYCastNSCYON(value, objective, *objects);
+    else {
+        std::set<void *> objects;
+        return CYCastNSCYON(value, objective, objects);
+    }

 }
 
 }
 

-#ifdef __APPLE__

 struct PropertyAttributes {
     CYPool pool_;
 
 struct PropertyAttributes {
     CYPool pool_;
 


@@ -481,7 +498,9 @@ struct PropertyAttributes {
         name = property_getName(property);
         const char *attributes(property_getAttributes(property));
 
         name = property_getName(property);
         const char *attributes(property_getAttributes(property));
 

-        for (char *state, *token(apr_strtok(apr_pstrdup(pool_, attributes), ",", &state)); token != NULL; token = apr_strtok(NULL, ",", &state)) {
+        for (char *token(pool_.strdup(attributes)), *next; token != NULL; token = next) {
+            if ((next = strchr(token, ',')) != NULL)
+                *next++ = '\0';

             switch (*token) {
                 case 'R': readonly = true; break;
                 case 'C': copy = true; break;
             switch (*token) {
                 case 'R': readonly = true; break;
                 case 'C': copy = true; break;


@@ -506,7 +525,7 @@ struct PropertyAttributes {
 
     const char *Getter() {
         if (getter_ == NULL)
 
     const char *Getter() {
         if (getter_ == NULL)

-            getter_ = apr_pstrdup(pool_, name);
+            getter_ = pool_.strdup(name);

         return getter_;
     }
 
         return getter_;
     }
 


@@ -533,15 +552,7 @@ struct PropertyAttributes {
     }
 
 };
     }
 
 };

-#endif
-
-#ifdef __APPLE__
-NSObject *NSCFType$cy$toJSON(id self, SEL sel, NSString *key) {
-    return [(NSString *) CFCopyDescription((CFTypeRef) self) autorelease];
-}
-#endif

 
 

-#ifndef __APPLE__

 @interface CYWebUndefined : NSObject {
 }
 
 @interface CYWebUndefined : NSObject {
 }
 


@@ -559,18 +570,15 @@ NSObject *NSCFType$cy$toJSON(id self, SEL sel, NSString *key) {
 @end
 
 #define WebUndefined CYWebUndefined
 @end
 
 #define WebUndefined CYWebUndefined

-#endif

 
 /* Bridge: CYJSObject {{{ */
 @interface CYJSObject : NSMutableDictionary {
     JSObjectRef object_;
 
 /* Bridge: CYJSObject {{{ */
 @interface CYJSObject : NSMutableDictionary {
     JSObjectRef object_;

-    JSContextRef context_;
+    JSGlobalContextRef context_;

 }
 
 - (id) initWithJSObject:(JSObjectRef)object inContext:(JSContextRef)context;
 
 }
 
 - (id) initWithJSObject:(JSObjectRef)object inContext:(JSContextRef)context;
 

-- (NSObject *) cy$toJSON:(NSString *)key;
-

 - (NSUInteger) count;
 - (id) objectForKey:(id)key;
 - (NSEnumerator *) keyEnumerator;
 - (NSUInteger) count;
 - (id) objectForKey:(id)key;
 - (NSEnumerator *) keyEnumerator;


@@ -582,7 +590,7 @@ NSObject *NSCFType$cy$toJSON(id self, SEL sel, NSString *key) {
 /* Bridge: CYJSArray {{{ */
 @interface CYJSArray : NSMutableArray {
     JSObjectRef object_;
 /* Bridge: CYJSArray {{{ */
 @interface CYJSArray : NSMutableArray {
     JSObjectRef object_;

-    JSContextRef context_;
+    JSGlobalContextRef context_;

 }
 
 - (id) initWithJSObject:(JSObjectRef)object inContext:(JSContextRef)context;
 }
 
 - (id) initWithJSObject:(JSObjectRef)object inContext:(JSContextRef)context;


@@ -599,22 +607,66 @@ NSObject *NSCFType$cy$toJSON(id self, SEL sel, NSString *key) {
 @end
 /* }}} */
 
 @end
 /* }}} */
 

-NSObject *CYCastNSObject_(apr_pool_t *pool, JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object) {
-    JSObjectRef Array(CYGetCachedObject(context, Array_s));
-    JSValueRef exception(NULL);
-    bool array(JSValueIsInstanceOfConstructor(context, object, Array, &exception));
-    CYThrow(context, exception);
-    id value(array ? [CYJSArray alloc] : [CYJSObject alloc]);
-    return CYPoolRelease(pool, [value initWithJSObject:object inContext:context]);
+_finline bool CYJSValueIsNSObject(JSContextRef context, JSValueRef value) {
+    return JSValueIsObjectOfClass(context, value, Instance::Class_) || JSValueIsObjectOfClass(context, value, FunctionInstance_);

 }
 
 }
 

-NSObject *CYCastNSObject(apr_pool_t *pool, JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object) {
-    if (!JSValueIsObjectOfClass(context, object, Instance_))
-        return CYCastNSObject_(pool, context, object);
-    else {
+_finline bool CYJSValueIsInstanceOfCachedConstructor(JSContextRef context, JSValueRef value, JSStringRef cache) {
+    return _jsccall(JSValueIsInstanceOfConstructor, context, value, CYGetCachedObject(context, cache));
+}
+
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+struct CYBlockDescriptor {
+    struct {
+        BlockDescriptor1 one_;
+        BlockDescriptor2 two_;
+        BlockDescriptor3 three_;
+    } d_;
+
+    Closure_privateData *internal_;
+};
+
+void CYDisposeBlock(BlockLiteral *literal) {
+    delete reinterpret_cast<CYBlockDescriptor *>(literal->descriptor)->internal_;
+}
+
+static JSValueRef BlockAdapter_(JSContextRef context, size_t count, JSValueRef values[], JSObjectRef function) {
+    JSObjectRef _this(CYCastJSObject(context, values[0]));
+    return CYCallAsFunction(context, function, _this, count - 1, values + 1);
+}
+
+NSBlock *CYMakeBlock(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef function, sig::Signature &signature) {
+    _assert(__NSMallocBlock__ != Nil);
+    BlockLiteral *literal(reinterpret_cast<BlockLiteral *>(malloc(sizeof(BlockLiteral))));
+
+    CYBlockDescriptor *descriptor(new CYBlockDescriptor);
+    memset(&descriptor->d_, 0, sizeof(descriptor->d_));
+
+    descriptor->internal_ = CYMakeFunctor_(context, function, signature, &BlockAdapter_);
+    literal->invoke = reinterpret_cast<void (*)(void *, ...)>(descriptor->internal_->value_);
+
+    literal->isa = __NSMallocBlock__;
+    literal->flags = BLOCK_HAS_SIGNATURE | BLOCK_HAS_COPY_DISPOSE | BLOCK_IS_GLOBAL;
+    literal->reserved = 0;
+    literal->descriptor = descriptor;
+
+    descriptor->d_.one_.size = sizeof(descriptor->d_);
+    descriptor->d_.two_.dispose_helper = &CYDisposeBlock;
+    descriptor->d_.three_.signature = sig::Unparse(*descriptor->internal_->pool_, &signature);
+
+    return reinterpret_cast<NSBlock *>(literal);
+}
+#endif
+
+NSObject *CYCastNSObject(CYPool *pool, JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object) {
+    if (CYJSValueIsNSObject(context, object)) {

         Instance *internal(reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));
         Instance *internal(reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));

-        return internal->GetValue();
+        return internal->value_;

     }
     }

+
+    bool array(CYJSValueIsInstanceOfCachedConstructor(context, object, Array_s));
+    id value(array ? [CYJSArray alloc] : [CYJSObject alloc]);
+    return CYPoolRelease(pool, [value initWithJSObject:object inContext:context]);

 }
 
 NSNumber *CYCopyNSNumber(JSContextRef context, JSValueRef value) {
 }
 
 NSNumber *CYCopyNSNumber(JSContextRef context, JSValueRef value) {


@@ -627,7 +679,7 @@ NSNumber *CYCopyNSNumber(JSContextRef context, JSValueRef value) {
 @end
 #endif
 
 @end
 #endif
 

-id CYNSObject(apr_pool_t *pool, JSContextRef context, JSValueRef value, bool cast) {
+id CYNSObject(CYPool *pool, JSContextRef context, JSValueRef value, bool cast) {

     id object;
     bool copy;
 
     id object;
     bool copy;
 


@@ -680,23 +732,29 @@ id CYNSObject(apr_pool_t *pool, JSContextRef context, JSValueRef value, bool cas
         return [object retain];
 }
 
         return [object retain];
 }
 

-NSObject *CYCastNSObject(apr_pool_t *pool, JSContextRef context, JSValueRef value) {
+NSObject *CYCastNSObject(CYPool *pool, JSContextRef context, JSValueRef value) {

     return CYNSObject(pool, context, value, true);
 }
 
     return CYNSObject(pool, context, value, true);
 }
 

-NSObject *CYCopyNSObject(apr_pool_t *pool, JSContextRef context, JSValueRef value) {
-    return CYNSObject(pool, context, value, false);
+NSObject *CYCopyNSObject(CYPool &pool, JSContextRef context, JSValueRef value) {
+    return CYNSObject(&pool, context, value, false);

 }
 
 /* Bridge: NSArray {{{ */
 @implementation NSArray (Cycript)
 
 }
 
 /* Bridge: NSArray {{{ */
 @implementation NSArray (Cycript)
 

-- (NSString *) cy$toCYON {
+- (id) cy$box {
+    return [[self mutableCopy] autorelease];
+}
+
+- (NSString *) cy$toCYON:(bool)objective inSet:(std::set<void *> &)objects {
+    _oassert(objects.insert(self).second);
+

     NSMutableString *json([[[NSMutableString alloc] init] autorelease]);
     NSMutableString *json([[[NSMutableString alloc] init] autorelease]);

-    [json appendString:@"["];
+    [json appendString:@"@["];

 
     bool comma(false);
 
     bool comma(false);

-#ifdef __APPLE__
+#ifdef __clang__

     for (id object in self) {
 #else
     for (size_t index(0), count([self count]); index != count; ++index) {
     for (id object in self) {
 #else
     for (size_t index(0), count([self count]); index != count; ++index) {


@@ -706,8 +764,8 @@ NSObject *CYCopyNSObject(apr_pool_t *pool, JSContextRef context, JSValueRef valu
             [json appendString:@","];
         else
             comma = true;
             [json appendString:@","];
         else
             comma = true;

-        if (object == nil || [object cy$JSType] != kJSTypeUndefined)
-            [json appendString:CYCastNSCYON(object)];
+        if (object != nil && [object cy$JSType] != kJSTypeUndefined)
+            [json appendString:CYCastNSCYON(object, true, objects)];

         else {
             [json appendString:@","];
             comma = false;
         else {
             [json appendString:@","];
             comma = false;


@@ -730,15 +788,6 @@ NSObject *CYCopyNSObject(apr_pool_t *pool, JSContextRef context, JSValueRef valu
 }
 
 - (NSObject *) cy$getProperty:(NSString *)name {
 }
 
 - (NSObject *) cy$getProperty:(NSString *)name {

-    if ([name isEqualToString:@"length"]) {
-        NSUInteger count([self count]);
-#ifdef __APPLE__
-        return [NSNumber numberWithUnsignedInteger:count];
-#else
-        return [NSNumber numberWithUnsignedInt:count];
-#endif
-    }
-

     size_t index(CYGetIndex(name));
     if (index == _not(size_t) || index >= [self count])
         return [super cy$getProperty:name];
     size_t index(CYGetIndex(name));
     if (index == _not(size_t) || index >= [self count])
         return [super cy$getProperty:name];


@@ -746,6 +795,15 @@ NSObject *CYCopyNSObject(apr_pool_t *pool, JSContextRef context, JSValueRef valu
         return [self objectAtIndex:index];
 }
 
         return [self objectAtIndex:index];
 }
 

+- (JSValueRef) cy$getProperty:(NSString *)name inContext:(JSContextRef)context {
+    CYObjectiveTry_ {
+        if ([name isEqualToString:@"length"])
+            return CYCastJSValue(context, [self count]);
+    } CYObjectiveCatch
+
+    return [super cy$getProperty:name inContext:context];
+}
+

 - (void) cy$getPropertyNames:(JSPropertyNameAccumulatorRef)names inContext:(JSContextRef)context {
     [super cy$getPropertyNames:names inContext:context];
 
 - (void) cy$getPropertyNames:(JSPropertyNameAccumulatorRef)names inContext:(JSContextRef)context {
     [super cy$getPropertyNames:names inContext:context];
 


@@ -759,7 +817,49 @@ NSObject *CYCopyNSObject(apr_pool_t *pool, JSContextRef context, JSValueRef valu
     }
 }
 
     }
 }
 

++ (bool) cy$hasImplicitProperties {
+    return false;
+}
+
+@end
+/* }}} */
+/* Bridge: NSBlock {{{ */
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+@interface NSBlock : NSObject
+- (void) invoke;
+@end
+
+static const char *CYBlockEncoding(NSBlock *self);
+static bool CYBlockSignature(CYPool &pool, NSBlock *self, sig::Signature &signature);
+
+@implementation NSBlock (Cycript)
+
+- (NSString *) cy$toCYON:(bool)objective inSet:(std::set<void *> &)objects {
+    CYLocalPool pool;
+
+    sig::Block type;
+    if (!CYBlockSignature(pool, self, type.signature))
+        return [super cy$toCYON:objective inSet:objects];
+    _oassert(objects.insert(self).second);
+
+    CYTypedIdentifier *typed((new(pool) CYTypeExpression(CYDecodeType(pool, &type)))->typed_);
+    CYTypeModifier *&modifier(CYGetLast(typed->modifier_));
+    CYTypeBlockWith *with(dynamic_cast<CYTypeBlockWith *>(modifier));
+    _assert(with != NULL);
+    CYObjCBlock *block(new(pool) CYObjCBlock(typed, with->parameters_, NULL));
+    modifier = NULL;
+
+    std::ostringstream str;
+    CYOptions options;
+    CYOutput out(*str.rdbuf(), options);
+    block->Output(out, CYNoFlags);
+
+    std::string value(str.str());
+    return CYCastNSString(NULL, CYUTF8String(value.c_str(), value.size()));
+}
+

 @end
 @end

+#endif

 /* }}} */
 /* Bridge: NSBoolNumber {{{ */
 #ifndef __APPLE__
 /* }}} */
 /* Bridge: NSBoolNumber {{{ */
 #ifndef __APPLE__


@@ -769,15 +869,12 @@ NSObject *CYCopyNSObject(apr_pool_t *pool, JSContextRef context, JSValueRef valu
     return kJSTypeBoolean;
 }
 
     return kJSTypeBoolean;
 }
 

-- (NSObject *) cy$toJSON:(NSString *)key {
-    return self;
-}
-
-- (NSString *) cy$toCYON {
-    return [self boolValue] ? @"true" : @"false";
+- (NSString *) cy$toCYON:(bool)objective inSet:(std::set<void *> &)objects {
+    NSString *value([self boolValue] ? @"true" : @"false");
+    return objective ? value : [NSString stringWithFormat:@"@%@", value];

 }
 
 }
 

-- (JSValueRef) cy$JSValueInContext:(JSContextRef)context { CYObjectiveTry_(context) {
+- (JSValueRef) cy$valueOfInContext:(JSContextRef)context { CYObjectiveTry_ {

     return CYCastJSValue(context, (bool) [self boolValue]);
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
     return CYCastJSValue(context, (bool) [self boolValue]);
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 


@@ -787,12 +884,18 @@ NSObject *CYCopyNSObject(apr_pool_t *pool, JSContextRef context, JSValueRef valu
 /* Bridge: NSDictionary {{{ */
 @implementation NSDictionary (Cycript)
 
 /* Bridge: NSDictionary {{{ */
 @implementation NSDictionary (Cycript)
 

-- (NSString *) cy$toCYON {
+- (id) cy$box {
+    return [[self mutableCopy] autorelease];
+}
+
+- (NSString *) cy$toCYON:(bool)objective inSet:(std::set<void *> &)objects {
+    _oassert(objects.insert(self).second);
+

     NSMutableString *json([[[NSMutableString alloc] init] autorelease]);
     NSMutableString *json([[[NSMutableString alloc] init] autorelease]);

-    [json appendString:@"{"];
+    [json appendString:@"@{"];

 
     bool comma(false);
 
     bool comma(false);

-#ifdef __APPLE__
+#ifdef __clang__

     for (NSObject *key in self) {
 #else
     NSEnumerator *keys([self keyEnumerator]);
     for (NSObject *key in self) {
 #else
     NSEnumerator *keys([self keyEnumerator]);


@@ -802,10 +905,10 @@ NSObject *CYCopyNSObject(apr_pool_t *pool, JSContextRef context, JSValueRef valu
             [json appendString:@","];
         else
             comma = true;
             [json appendString:@","];
         else
             comma = true;

-        [json appendString:[key cy$toKey]];
+        [json appendString:CYCastNSCYON(key, true, objects)];

         [json appendString:@":"];
         NSObject *object([self objectForKey:key]);
         [json appendString:@":"];
         NSObject *object([self objectForKey:key]);

-        [json appendString:CYCastNSCYON(object)];
+        [json appendString:CYCastNSCYON(object, true, objects)];

     }
 
     [json appendString:@"}"];
     }
 
     [json appendString:@"}"];


@@ -823,7 +926,7 @@ NSObject *CYCopyNSObject(apr_pool_t *pool, JSContextRef context, JSValueRef valu
 - (void) cy$getPropertyNames:(JSPropertyNameAccumulatorRef)names inContext:(JSContextRef)context {
     [super cy$getPropertyNames:names inContext:context];
 
 - (void) cy$getPropertyNames:(JSPropertyNameAccumulatorRef)names inContext:(JSContextRef)context {
     [super cy$getPropertyNames:names inContext:context];
 

-#ifdef __APPLE__
+#ifdef __clang__

     for (NSObject *key in self) {
 #else
     NSEnumerator *keys([self keyEnumerator]);
     for (NSObject *key in self) {
 #else
     NSEnumerator *keys([self keyEnumerator]);


@@ -833,6 +936,10 @@ NSObject *CYCopyNSObject(apr_pool_t *pool, JSContextRef context, JSValueRef valu
     }
 }
 
     }
 }
 

++ (bool) cy$hasImplicitProperties {
+    return false;
+}
+

 @end
 /* }}} */
 /* Bridge: NSMutableArray {{{ */
 @end
 /* }}} */
 /* Bridge: NSMutableArray {{{ */


@@ -842,11 +949,7 @@ NSObject *CYCopyNSObject(apr_pool_t *pool, JSContextRef context, JSValueRef valu
     if ([name isEqualToString:@"length"]) {
         // XXX: is this not intelligent?
         NSNumber *number(reinterpret_cast<NSNumber *>(value));
     if ([name isEqualToString:@"length"]) {
         // XXX: is this not intelligent?
         NSNumber *number(reinterpret_cast<NSNumber *>(value));

-#ifdef __APPLE__

         NSUInteger size([number unsignedIntegerValue]);
         NSUInteger size([number unsignedIntegerValue]);

-#else
-        NSUInteger size([number unsignedIntValue]);
-#endif

         NSUInteger count([self count]);
         if (size < count)
             [self removeObjectsInRange:NSMakeRange(size, count - size)];
         NSUInteger count([self count]);
         if (size < count)
             [self removeObjectsInRange:NSMakeRange(size, count - size)];


@@ -921,16 +1024,13 @@ NSObject *CYCopyNSObject(apr_pool_t *pool, JSContextRef context, JSValueRef valu
     return kJSTypeNumber;
 }
 
     return kJSTypeNumber;
 }
 

-- (NSObject *) cy$toJSON:(NSString *)key {
-    return self;
-}
-
-- (NSString *) cy$toCYON {
-    return [self cy$JSType] != kJSTypeBoolean ? [self stringValue] : [self boolValue] ? @"true" : @"false";
+- (NSString *) cy$toCYON:(bool)objective inSet:(std::set<void *> &)objects {
+    NSString *value([self cy$JSType] != kJSTypeBoolean ? [self stringValue] : [self boolValue] ? @"true" : @"false");
+    return objective ? value : [NSString stringWithFormat:@"@%@", value];

 }
 
 }
 

-- (JSValueRef) cy$JSValueInContext:(JSContextRef)context { CYObjectiveTry_(context) {
-    return [self cy$JSType] != kJSTypeBoolean ? CYCastJSValue(context, [self doubleValue]) : CYCastJSValue(context, [self boolValue]);
+- (JSValueRef) cy$valueOfInContext:(JSContextRef)context { CYObjectiveTry_ {
+    return [self cy$JSType] != kJSTypeBoolean ? CYCastJSValue(context, [self doubleValue]) : CYCastJSValue(context, static_cast<bool>([self boolValue]));

 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 @end
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 @end


@@ -942,37 +1042,38 @@ NSObject *CYCopyNSObject(apr_pool_t *pool, JSContextRef context, JSValueRef valu
     return kJSTypeNull;
 }
 
     return kJSTypeNull;
 }
 

-- (NSObject *) cy$toJSON:(NSString *)key {
-    return self;
+- (NSString *) cy$toCYON:(bool)objective inSet:(std::set<void *> &)objects {
+    NSString *value(@"null");
+    return objective ? value : [NSString stringWithFormat:@"@%@", value];

 }
 
 }
 

-- (NSString *) cy$toCYON {
-    return @"null";
-}
+- (JSValueRef) cy$valueOfInContext:(JSContextRef)context { CYObjectiveTry_ {
+    return CYJSNull(context);
+} CYObjectiveCatch }

 
 @end
 /* }}} */
 /* Bridge: NSObject {{{ */
 @implementation NSObject (Cycript)
 
 
 @end
 /* }}} */
 /* Bridge: NSObject {{{ */
 @implementation NSObject (Cycript)
 

-- (JSValueRef) cy$JSValueInContext:(JSContextRef)context { CYObjectiveTry_(context) {
-    return CYMakeInstance(context, self, false);
-} CYObjectiveCatch }
-
-- (JSType) cy$JSType {
-    return kJSTypeObject;
+- (id) cy$box {
+    return self;

 }
 
 }
 

-- (NSObject *) cy$toJSON:(NSString *)key {
-    return [self description];
+- (JSValueRef) cy$toJSON:(NSString *)key inContext:(JSContextRef)context {
+    return [self cy$valueOfInContext:context];

 }
 
 }
 

-- (NSString *) cy$toCYON {
-    return [[self cy$toJSON:@""] cy$toCYON];
+- (JSValueRef) cy$valueOfInContext:(JSContextRef)context { CYObjectiveTry_ {
+    return NULL;
+} CYObjectiveCatch }
+
+- (JSType) cy$JSType {
+    return kJSTypeObject;

 }
 
 }
 

-- (NSString *) cy$toKey {
-    return [self cy$toCYON];
+- (NSString *) cy$toCYON:(bool)objective inSet:(std::set<void *> &)objects {
+    return [@"#" stringByAppendingString:[[self description] cy$toCYON:true inSet:objects]];

 }
 
 - (bool) cy$hasProperty:(NSString *)name {
 }
 
 - (bool) cy$hasProperty:(NSString *)name {


@@ -983,6 +1084,12 @@ NSObject *CYCopyNSObject(apr_pool_t *pool, JSContextRef context, JSValueRef valu
     return nil;
 }
 
     return nil;
 }
 

+- (JSValueRef) cy$getProperty:(NSString *)name inContext:(JSContextRef)context { CYObjectiveTry_ {
+    if (NSObject *value = [self cy$getProperty:name])
+        return CYCastJSValue(context, value);
+    return NULL;
+} CYObjectiveCatch }
+

 - (bool) cy$setProperty:(NSString *)name to:(NSObject *)value {
     return false;
 }
 - (bool) cy$setProperty:(NSString *)name to:(NSObject *)value {
     return false;
 }


@@ -994,17 +1101,49 @@ NSObject *CYCopyNSObject(apr_pool_t *pool, JSContextRef context, JSValueRef valu
 - (void) cy$getPropertyNames:(JSPropertyNameAccumulatorRef)names inContext:(JSContextRef)context {
 }
 
 - (void) cy$getPropertyNames:(JSPropertyNameAccumulatorRef)names inContext:(JSContextRef)context {
 }
 

++ (bool) cy$hasImplicitProperties {
+    return true;
+}
+
+@end
+/* }}} */
+/* Bridge: NSOrderedSet {{{ */
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+@implementation NSOrderedSet (Cycript)
+
+- (NSString *) cy$toCYON:(bool)objective inSet:(std::set<void *> &)objects {
+    _oassert(objects.insert(self).second);
+
+    NSMutableString *json([[[NSMutableString alloc] init] autorelease]);
+    [json appendString:@"[NSOrderedSet orderedSetWithArray:"];
+    [json appendString:CYCastNSCYON([self array], true, objects)];
+    [json appendString:@"]]"];
+    return json;
+}
+

 @end
 @end

+#endif

 /* }}} */
 /* Bridge: NSProxy {{{ */
 @implementation NSProxy (Cycript)
 
 /* }}} */
 /* Bridge: NSProxy {{{ */
 @implementation NSProxy (Cycript)
 

-- (NSObject *) cy$toJSON:(NSString *)key {
-    return [self description];
+- (NSString *) cy$toCYON:(bool)objective inSet:(std::set<void *> &)objects {
+    return [[self description] cy$toCYON:objective inSet:objects];

 }
 
 }
 

-- (NSString *) cy$toCYON {
-    return [[self cy$toJSON:@""] cy$toCYON];
+@end
+/* }}} */
+/* Bridge: NSSet {{{ */
+@implementation NSSet (Cycript)
+
+- (NSString *) cy$toCYON:(bool)objective inSet:(std::set<void *> &)objects {
+    _oassert(objects.insert(self).second);
+
+    NSMutableString *json([[[NSMutableString alloc] init] autorelease]);
+    [json appendString:@"[NSSet setWithArray:"];
+    [json appendString:CYCastNSCYON([self allObjects], true, objects)];
+    [json appendString:@"]]"];
+    return json;

 }
 
 @end
 }
 
 @end


@@ -1012,28 +1151,54 @@ NSObject *CYCopyNSObject(apr_pool_t *pool, JSContextRef context, JSValueRef valu
 /* Bridge: NSString {{{ */
 @implementation NSString (Cycript)
 
 /* Bridge: NSString {{{ */
 @implementation NSString (Cycript)
 

-- (JSType) cy$JSType {
-    return kJSTypeString;
+- (id) cy$box {
+    return [[self copy] autorelease];

 }
 
 }
 

-- (NSObject *) cy$toJSON:(NSString *)key {
-    return self;
+- (JSType) cy$JSType {
+    return kJSTypeString;

 }
 
 }
 

-- (NSString *) cy$toCYON {
+- (NSString *) cy$toCYON:(bool)objective inSet:(std::set<void *> &)objects {

     std::ostringstream str;
     std::ostringstream str;

+    if (!objective)
+        str << '@';

     CYUTF8String string(CYCastUTF8String(self));
     CYUTF8String string(CYCastUTF8String(self));

-    CYStringify(str, string.data, string.size);
+    CYStringify(str, string.data, string.size, true);

     std::string value(str.str());
     return CYCastNSString(NULL, CYUTF8String(value.c_str(), value.size()));
 }
 
     std::string value(str.str());
     return CYCastNSString(NULL, CYUTF8String(value.c_str(), value.size()));
 }
 

-- (NSString *) cy$toKey {
-    if (CYIsKey(CYCastUTF8String(self)))
-        return self;
-    return [self cy$toCYON];
+- (bool) cy$hasProperty:(NSString *)name {
+    size_t index(CYGetIndex(name));
+    if (index == _not(size_t) || index >= [self length])
+        return [super cy$hasProperty:name];
+    else
+        return true;
+}
+
+- (NSObject *) cy$getProperty:(NSString *)name {
+    size_t index(CYGetIndex(name));
+    if (index == _not(size_t) || index >= [self length])
+        return [super cy$getProperty:name];
+    else
+        return [self substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(index, 1)];
+}
+
+- (void) cy$getPropertyNames:(JSPropertyNameAccumulatorRef)names inContext:(JSContextRef)context {
+    [super cy$getPropertyNames:names inContext:context];
+
+    for (size_t index(0), length([self length]); index != length; ++index) {
+        char name[32];
+        sprintf(name, "%zu", index);
+        JSPropertyNameAccumulatorAddName(names, CYJSString(name));
+    }

 }
 
 }
 

+- (JSValueRef) cy$valueOfInContext:(JSContextRef)context { CYObjectiveTry_ {
+    return CYCastJSValue(context, CYJSString(context, self));
+} CYObjectiveCatch }
+

 @end
 /* }}} */
 /* Bridge: WebUndefined {{{ */
 @end
 /* }}} */
 /* Bridge: WebUndefined {{{ */


@@ -1043,15 +1208,13 @@ NSObject *CYCopyNSObject(apr_pool_t *pool, JSContextRef context, JSValueRef valu
     return kJSTypeUndefined;
 }
 
     return kJSTypeUndefined;
 }
 

-- (NSObject *) cy$toJSON:(NSString *)key {
-    return self;
-}
-
-- (NSString *) cy$toCYON {
-    return @"undefined";
+- (NSString *) cy$toCYON:(bool)objective inSet:(std::set<void *> &)objects {
+    NSString *value(@"undefined");
+    return value; // XXX: maybe use the below code, adding @undefined?
+    //return objective ? value : [NSString stringWithFormat:@"@%@", value];

 }
 
 }
 

-- (JSValueRef) cy$JSValueInContext:(JSContextRef)context { CYObjectiveTry_(context) {
+- (JSValueRef) cy$valueOfInContext:(JSContextRef)context { CYObjectiveTry_ {

     return CYJSUndefined(context);
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
     return CYJSUndefined(context);
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 


@@ -1059,16 +1222,11 @@ NSObject *CYCopyNSObject(apr_pool_t *pool, JSContextRef context, JSValueRef valu
 /* }}} */
 
 static bool CYIsClass(id self) {
 /* }}} */
 
 static bool CYIsClass(id self) {

-#ifdef __APPLE__
-    // XXX: this is a lame object_isClass
-    return class_getInstanceMethod(object_getClass(self), @selector(alloc)) != NULL;
-#else
-    return GSObjCIsClass(self);
-#endif
+    return class_isMetaClass(object_getClass(self));

 }
 
 }
 

-Class CYCastClass(apr_pool_t *pool, JSContextRef context, JSValueRef value) {
-    id self(CYCastNSObject(pool, context, value));
+Class CYCastClass(CYPool &pool, JSContextRef context, JSValueRef value) {
+    id self(CYCastNSObject(&pool, context, value));

     if (CYIsClass(self))
         return (Class) self;
     throw CYJSError(context, "got something that is not a Class");
     if (CYIsClass(self))
         return (Class) self;
     throw CYJSError(context, "got something that is not a Class");


@@ -1080,243 +1238,247 @@ NSArray *CYCastNSArray(JSContextRef context, JSPropertyNameArrayRef names) {
     size_t size(JSPropertyNameArrayGetCount(names));
     NSMutableArray *array([NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity:size]);
     for (size_t index(0); index != size; ++index)
     size_t size(JSPropertyNameArrayGetCount(names));
     NSMutableArray *array([NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity:size]);
     for (size_t index(0); index != size; ++index)

-        [array addObject:CYCastNSString(pool, context, JSPropertyNameArrayGetNameAtIndex(names, index))];
+        [array addObject:CYCastNSString(&pool, context, JSPropertyNameArrayGetNameAtIndex(names, index))];

     return array;
 }
 
     return array;
 }
 

-JSValueRef CYCastJSValue(JSContextRef context, NSObject *value) { CYPoolTry {
+JSValueRef CYCastJSValue(JSContextRef context, NSObject *value) {

     if (value == nil)
         return CYJSNull(context);
     if (value == nil)
         return CYJSNull(context);

-    else if ([value respondsToSelector:@selector(cy$JSValueInContext:)])
-        return [value cy$JSValueInContext:context];
-    else
-        return CYMakeInstance(context, value, false);
-} CYPoolCatch(NULL) return /*XXX*/ NULL; }
+    return CYMakeInstance(context, value);
+}

 
 @implementation CYJSObject
 
 
 @implementation CYJSObject
 

-- (id) initWithJSObject:(JSObjectRef)object inContext:(JSContextRef)context { CYObjectiveTry {
+- (id) initWithJSObject:(JSObjectRef)object inContext:(JSContextRef)context { CYObjectiveTry_ {

     if ((self = [super init]) != nil) {
         object_ = object;
         context_ = CYGetJSContext(context);
     if ((self = [super init]) != nil) {
         object_ = object;
         context_ = CYGetJSContext(context);

-        //XXX:JSGlobalContextRetain(context_);
+        JSGlobalContextRetain(context_);

         JSValueProtect(context_, object_);
     } return self;
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 - (void) dealloc { CYObjectiveTry {
     JSValueUnprotect(context_, object_);
         JSValueProtect(context_, object_);
     } return self;
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 - (void) dealloc { CYObjectiveTry {
     JSValueUnprotect(context_, object_);

-    //XXX:JSGlobalContextRelease(context_);
+    JSGlobalContextRelease(context_);

     [super dealloc];
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
     [super dealloc];
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 

-- (NSObject *) cy$toJSON:(NSString *)key { CYObjectiveTry {
-    JSValueRef toJSON(CYGetProperty(context_, object_, toJSON_s));
-    if (!CYIsCallable(context_, toJSON))
-        return [super cy$toJSON:key];
-    else {
-        JSValueRef arguments[1] = {CYCastJSValue(context_, key)};
-        JSValueRef value(CYCallAsFunction(context_, (JSObjectRef) toJSON, object_, 1, arguments));
-        // XXX: do I really want an NSNull here?!
-        return CYCastNSObject(NULL, context_, value) ?: [NSNull null];
-    }
-} CYObjectiveCatch }
-
-- (NSString *) cy$toCYON { CYObjectiveTry {
+- (NSString *) cy$toCYON:(bool)objective inSet:(std::set<void *> &)objects { CYObjectiveTry {

     CYPool pool;
     CYPool pool;

-    JSValueRef exception(NULL);
-    const char *cyon(CYPoolCCYON(pool, context_, object_));
-    CYThrow(context_, exception);
+    const char *cyon(CYPoolCCYON(pool, context, object_, objects));

     if (cyon == NULL)
     if (cyon == NULL)

-        return [super cy$toCYON];
+        return [super cy$toCYON:objective inSet:objects];

     else
         return [NSString stringWithUTF8String:cyon];
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 - (NSUInteger) count { CYObjectiveTry {
     else
         return [NSString stringWithUTF8String:cyon];
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 - (NSUInteger) count { CYObjectiveTry {

-    JSPropertyNameArrayRef names(JSObjectCopyPropertyNames(context_, object_));
+    JSPropertyNameArrayRef names(JSObjectCopyPropertyNames(context, object_));

     size_t size(JSPropertyNameArrayGetCount(names));
     JSPropertyNameArrayRelease(names);
     return size;
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 - (id) objectForKey:(id)key { CYObjectiveTry {
     size_t size(JSPropertyNameArrayGetCount(names));
     JSPropertyNameArrayRelease(names);
     return size;
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 - (id) objectForKey:(id)key { CYObjectiveTry {

-    JSValueRef value(CYGetProperty(context_, object_, CYJSString(context_, (NSObject *) key)));
-    if (JSValueIsUndefined(context_, value))
+    JSValueRef value(CYGetProperty(context, object_, CYJSString(context, (NSObject *) key)));
+    if (JSValueIsUndefined(context, value))

         return nil;
         return nil;

-    return CYCastNSObject(NULL, context_, value) ?: [NSNull null];
+    return CYCastNSObject(NULL, context, value) ?: [NSNull null];

 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 - (NSEnumerator *) keyEnumerator { CYObjectiveTry {
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 - (NSEnumerator *) keyEnumerator { CYObjectiveTry {

-    JSPropertyNameArrayRef names(JSObjectCopyPropertyNames(context_, object_));
-    NSEnumerator *enumerator([CYCastNSArray(context_, names) objectEnumerator]);
+    JSPropertyNameArrayRef names(JSObjectCopyPropertyNames(context, object_));
+    NSEnumerator *enumerator([CYCastNSArray(context, names) objectEnumerator]);

     JSPropertyNameArrayRelease(names);
     return enumerator;
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 - (void) setObject:(id)object forKey:(id)key { CYObjectiveTry {
     JSPropertyNameArrayRelease(names);
     return enumerator;
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 - (void) setObject:(id)object forKey:(id)key { CYObjectiveTry {

-    CYSetProperty(context_, object_, CYJSString(context_, (NSObject *) key), CYCastJSValue(context_, (NSString *) object));
+    CYSetProperty(context, object_, CYJSString(context, (NSObject *) key), CYCastJSValue(context, (NSString *) object));

 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 - (void) removeObjectForKey:(id)key { CYObjectiveTry {
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 - (void) removeObjectForKey:(id)key { CYObjectiveTry {

-    JSValueRef exception(NULL);
-    (void) JSObjectDeleteProperty(context_, object_, CYJSString(context_, (NSObject *) key), &exception);
-    CYThrow(context_, exception);
+    (void) _jsccall(JSObjectDeleteProperty, context, object_, CYJSString(context, (NSObject *) key));

 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 @end
 
 @implementation CYJSArray
 
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 @end
 
 @implementation CYJSArray
 

-- (id) initWithJSObject:(JSObjectRef)object inContext:(JSContextRef)context { CYObjectiveTry {
+- (NSString *) cy$toCYON:(bool)objective inSet:(std::set<void *> &)objects { CYObjectiveTry {
+    CYPool pool;
+    return [NSString stringWithUTF8String:CYPoolCCYON(pool, context, object_, objects)];
+} CYObjectiveCatch }
+
+- (id) initWithJSObject:(JSObjectRef)object inContext:(JSContextRef)context { CYObjectiveTry_ {

     if ((self = [super init]) != nil) {
         object_ = object;
         context_ = CYGetJSContext(context);
     if ((self = [super init]) != nil) {
         object_ = object;
         context_ = CYGetJSContext(context);

-        //XXX:JSGlobalContextRetain(context_);
+        JSGlobalContextRetain(context_);

         JSValueProtect(context_, object_);
     } return self;
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 - (void) dealloc { CYObjectiveTry {
     JSValueUnprotect(context_, object_);
         JSValueProtect(context_, object_);
     } return self;
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 - (void) dealloc { CYObjectiveTry {
     JSValueUnprotect(context_, object_);

-    //XXX:JSGlobalContextRelease(context_);
+    JSGlobalContextRelease(context_);

     [super dealloc];
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 - (NSUInteger) count { CYObjectiveTry {
     [super dealloc];
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 - (NSUInteger) count { CYObjectiveTry {

-    return CYCastDouble(context_, CYGetProperty(context_, object_, length_s));
+    return CYArrayLength(context, object_);

 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 - (id) objectAtIndex:(NSUInteger)index { CYObjectiveTry {
     size_t bounds([self count]);
     if (index >= bounds)
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 - (id) objectAtIndex:(NSUInteger)index { CYObjectiveTry {
     size_t bounds([self count]);
     if (index >= bounds)

-        @throw [NSException exceptionWithName:NSRangeException reason:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"*** -[CYJSArray objectAtIndex:]: index (%zu) beyond bounds (%zu)", index, bounds] userInfo:nil];
-    JSValueRef exception(NULL);
-    JSValueRef value(JSObjectGetPropertyAtIndex(context_, object_, index, &exception));
-    CYThrow(context_, exception);
-    return CYCastNSObject(NULL, context_, value) ?: [NSNull null];
+        @throw [NSException exceptionWithName:NSRangeException reason:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"*** -[CYJSArray objectAtIndex:]: index (%zu) beyond bounds (%zu)", static_cast<size_t>(index), bounds] userInfo:nil];
+    JSValueRef value(_jsccall(JSObjectGetPropertyAtIndex, context, object_, index));
+    return CYCastNSObject(NULL, context, value) ?: [NSNull null];

 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 - (void) addObject:(id)object { CYObjectiveTry {
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 - (void) addObject:(id)object { CYObjectiveTry {

-    JSValueRef exception(NULL);
-    JSValueRef arguments[1];
-    arguments[0] = CYCastJSValue(context_, (NSObject *) object);
-    JSObjectRef Array(CYGetCachedObject(context_, Array_s));
-    JSObjectCallAsFunction(context_, CYCastJSObject(context_, CYGetProperty(context_, Array, push_s)), object_, 1, arguments, &exception);
-    CYThrow(context_, exception);
+    CYArrayPush(context, object_, CYCastJSValue(context, (NSObject *) object));

 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 - (void) insertObject:(id)object atIndex:(NSUInteger)index { CYObjectiveTry {
     size_t bounds([self count] + 1);
     if (index >= bounds)
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 - (void) insertObject:(id)object atIndex:(NSUInteger)index { CYObjectiveTry {
     size_t bounds([self count] + 1);
     if (index >= bounds)

-        @throw [NSException exceptionWithName:NSRangeException reason:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"*** -[CYJSArray insertObject:atIndex:]: index (%zu) beyond bounds (%zu)", index, bounds] userInfo:nil];
-    JSValueRef exception(NULL);
+        @throw [NSException exceptionWithName:NSRangeException reason:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"*** -[CYJSArray insertObject:atIndex:]: index (%zu) beyond bounds (%zu)", static_cast<size_t>(index), bounds] userInfo:nil];

     JSValueRef arguments[3];
     JSValueRef arguments[3];

-    arguments[0] = CYCastJSValue(context_, index);
-    arguments[1] = CYCastJSValue(context_, 0);
-    arguments[2] = CYCastJSValue(context_, (NSObject *) object);
-    JSObjectRef Array(CYGetCachedObject(context_, Array_s));
-    JSObjectCallAsFunction(context_, CYCastJSObject(context_, CYGetProperty(context_, Array, splice_s)), object_, 3, arguments, &exception);
-    CYThrow(context_, exception);
+    arguments[0] = CYCastJSValue(context, index);
+    arguments[1] = CYCastJSValue(context, 0);
+    arguments[2] = CYCastJSValue(context, (NSObject *) object);
+    JSObjectRef Array(CYGetCachedObject(context, CYJSString("Array_prototype")));
+    _jsccall(JSObjectCallAsFunction, context, CYCastJSObject(context, CYGetProperty(context, Array, splice_s)), object_, 3, arguments);

 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 - (void) removeLastObject { CYObjectiveTry {
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 - (void) removeLastObject { CYObjectiveTry {

-    JSValueRef exception(NULL);
-    JSObjectRef Array(CYGetCachedObject(context_, Array_s));
-    JSObjectCallAsFunction(context_, CYCastJSObject(context_, CYGetProperty(context_, Array, pop_s)), object_, 0, NULL, &exception);
-    CYThrow(context_, exception);
+    JSObjectRef Array(CYGetCachedObject(context, CYJSString("Array_prototype")));
+    _jsccall(JSObjectCallAsFunction, context, CYCastJSObject(context, CYGetProperty(context, Array, pop_s)), object_, 0, NULL);

 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 - (void) removeObjectAtIndex:(NSUInteger)index { CYObjectiveTry {
     size_t bounds([self count]);
     if (index >= bounds)
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 - (void) removeObjectAtIndex:(NSUInteger)index { CYObjectiveTry {
     size_t bounds([self count]);
     if (index >= bounds)

-        @throw [NSException exceptionWithName:NSRangeException reason:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"*** -[CYJSArray removeObjectAtIndex:]: index (%zu) beyond bounds (%zu)", index, bounds] userInfo:nil];
-    JSValueRef exception(NULL);
+        @throw [NSException exceptionWithName:NSRangeException reason:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"*** -[CYJSArray removeObjectAtIndex:]: index (%zu) beyond bounds (%zu)", static_cast<size_t>(index), bounds] userInfo:nil];

     JSValueRef arguments[2];
     JSValueRef arguments[2];

-    arguments[0] = CYCastJSValue(context_, index);
-    arguments[1] = CYCastJSValue(context_, 1);
-    JSObjectRef Array(CYGetCachedObject(context_, Array_s));
-    JSObjectCallAsFunction(context_, CYCastJSObject(context_, CYGetProperty(context_, Array, splice_s)), object_, 2, arguments, &exception);
-    CYThrow(context_, exception);
+    arguments[0] = CYCastJSValue(context, index);
+    arguments[1] = CYCastJSValue(context, 1);
+    JSObjectRef Array(CYGetCachedObject(context, CYJSString("Array_prototype")));
+    _jsccall(JSObjectCallAsFunction, context, CYCastJSObject(context, CYGetProperty(context, Array, splice_s)), object_, 2, arguments);

 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 - (void) replaceObjectAtIndex:(NSUInteger)index withObject:(id)object { CYObjectiveTry {
     size_t bounds([self count]);
     if (index >= bounds)
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 - (void) replaceObjectAtIndex:(NSUInteger)index withObject:(id)object { CYObjectiveTry {
     size_t bounds([self count]);
     if (index >= bounds)

-        @throw [NSException exceptionWithName:NSRangeException reason:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"*** -[CYJSArray replaceObjectAtIndex:withObject:]: index (%zu) beyond bounds (%zu)", index, bounds] userInfo:nil];
-    CYSetProperty(context_, object_, index, CYCastJSValue(context_, (NSObject *) object));
+        @throw [NSException exceptionWithName:NSRangeException reason:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"*** -[CYJSArray replaceObjectAtIndex:withObject:]: index (%zu) beyond bounds (%zu)", static_cast<size_t>(index), bounds] userInfo:nil];
+    CYSetProperty(context, object_, index, CYCastJSValue(context, (NSObject *) object));

 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 @end
 
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 @end
 

-// XXX: use objc_getAssociatedObject and objc_setAssociatedObject on 10.6
-struct CYInternal :
-    CYData
-{
+// XXX: inherit from or replace with CYJSObject
+@interface CYInternal : NSObject {
+    JSGlobalContextRef context_;

     JSObjectRef object_;
     JSObjectRef object_;

+}

 
 

-    CYInternal() :
-        object_(NULL)
-    {
-    }
+@end

 
 

-    ~CYInternal() {
-        // XXX: delete object_? ;(
-    }
+@implementation CYInternal

 
 

-    static CYInternal *Get(id self) {
-        CYInternal *internal(NULL);
-        if (object_getInstanceVariable(self, "cy$internal_", reinterpret_cast<void **>(&internal)) == NULL) {
-            // XXX: do something epic? ;P
-        }
+- (void) dealloc { CYObjectiveTry {
+    JSValueUnprotect(context_, object_);
+    JSGlobalContextRelease(context_);
+    [super dealloc];
+} CYObjectiveCatch }

 
 

-        return internal;
-    }
+- (id) initInContext:(JSContextRef)context { CYObjectiveTry_ {
+    if ((self = [super init]) != nil) {
+        context_ = CYGetJSContext(context);
+        JSGlobalContextRetain(context_);
+    } return self;
+} CYObjectiveCatch }

 
 

-    static CYInternal *Set(id self) {
-        CYInternal *internal(NULL);
-        if (objc_ivar *ivar = object_getInstanceVariable(self, "cy$internal_", reinterpret_cast<void **>(&internal))) {
-            if (internal == NULL) {
-                internal = new CYInternal();
-                object_setIvar(self, ivar, reinterpret_cast<id>(internal));
-            }
-        } else {
-            // XXX: do something epic? ;P
-        }
+- (bool) hasProperty:(JSStringRef)name inContext:(JSContextRef)context {
+    if (object_ == NULL)
+        return false;

 
 

-        return internal;
-    }
+    return JSObjectHasProperty(context, object_, name);
+}
+
+- (JSValueRef) getProperty:(JSStringRef)name inContext:(JSContextRef)context {
+    if (object_ == NULL)
+        return NULL;
+
+    return CYGetProperty(context, object_, name);
+}

 
 

-    bool HasProperty(JSContextRef context, JSStringRef name) {
-        if (object_ == NULL)
-            return false;
-        return JSObjectHasProperty(context, object_, name);
+- (void) setProperty:(JSStringRef)name toValue:(JSValueRef)value inContext:(JSContextRef)context {
+    @synchronized (self) {
+        if (object_ == NULL) {
+            object_ = JSObjectMake(context, NULL, NULL);
+            JSValueProtect(context, object_);
+        }

     }
 
     }
 

-    JSValueRef GetProperty(JSContextRef context, JSStringRef name) {
-        if (object_ == NULL)
-            return NULL;
-        return CYGetProperty(context, object_, name);
+    CYSetProperty(context, object_, name, value);
+}
+
++ (CYInternal *) get:(id)object {
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+    if (&objc_getAssociatedObject == NULL)
+        return nil;
+
+    @synchronized (object) {
+        if (CYInternal *internal = objc_getAssociatedObject(object, @selector(cy$internal)))
+            return internal;

     }
     }

+#endif

 
 

-    void SetProperty(JSContextRef context, JSStringRef name, JSValueRef value) {
-        if (object_ == NULL)
-            object_ = JSObjectMake(context, NULL, NULL);
-        CYSetProperty(context, object_, name, value);
+    return nil;
+}
+
++ (CYInternal *) set:(id)object inContext:(JSContextRef)context {
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+    if (&objc_getAssociatedObject == NULL)
+        return nil;
+
+    @synchronized (object) {
+        if (CYInternal *internal = objc_getAssociatedObject(object, @selector(cy$internal)))
+            return internal;
+
+        if (&objc_setAssociatedObject == NULL)
+            return nil;
+
+        CYInternal *internal([[[CYInternal alloc] initInContext:context] autorelease]);
+        objc_setAssociatedObject(object, @selector(cy$internal), internal, OBJC_ASSOCIATION_RETAIN_NONATOMIC);
+        return internal;

     }
     }

-};
+#endif
+
+    return nil;
+}
+
+@end

 
 

-static JSObjectRef CYMakeSelector(JSContextRef context, SEL sel) {
-    Selector_privateData *internal(new Selector_privateData(sel));
-    return JSObjectMake(context, Selector_, internal);
+static JSValueRef CYCastJSValue(JSContextRef context, SEL sel) {
+    if (sel == NULL)
+        return CYJSNull(context);
+    return Selector_privateData::Make(context, sel);

 }
 
 static SEL CYCastSEL(JSContextRef context, JSValueRef value) {
 }
 
 static SEL CYCastSEL(JSContextRef context, JSValueRef value) {

-    if (JSValueIsObjectOfClass(context, value, Selector_)) {
+    if (JSValueIsObjectOfClass(context, value, Selector_privateData::Class_)) {

         Selector_privateData *internal(reinterpret_cast<Selector_privateData *>(JSObjectGetPrivate((JSObjectRef) value)));
         return reinterpret_cast<SEL>(internal->value_);
         Selector_privateData *internal(reinterpret_cast<Selector_privateData *>(JSObjectGetPrivate((JSObjectRef) value)));
         return reinterpret_cast<SEL>(internal->value_);

-    } else
-        return CYCastPointer<SEL>(context, value);
+    } else {
+        CYPool pool;
+        return sel_registerName(CYPoolCString(pool, context, value));
+    }

 }
 
 void *CYObjectiveC_ExecuteStart(JSContextRef context) { CYSadTry {
 }
 
 void *CYObjectiveC_ExecuteStart(JSContextRef context) { CYSadTry {


@@ -1327,131 +1489,140 @@ void CYObjectiveC_ExecuteEnd(JSContextRef context, void *handle) { CYSadTry {
     return [(NSAutoreleasePool *) handle release];
 } CYSadCatch() }
 
     return [(NSAutoreleasePool *) handle release];
 } CYSadCatch() }
 

-JSValueRef CYObjectiveC_RuntimeProperty(JSContextRef context, CYUTF8String name) { CYPoolTry {
-    if (name == "nil")
-        return Instance::Make(context, nil);
-    if (Class _class = objc_getClass(name.data))
-        return CYMakeInstance(context, _class, true);
-    if (Protocol *protocol = objc_getProtocol(name.data))
-        return CYMakeInstance(context, protocol, true);
-    return NULL;
-} CYPoolCatch(NULL) return /*XXX*/ NULL; }
-
-static void CYObjectiveC_CallFunction(JSContextRef context, ffi_cif *cif, void (*function)(), uint8_t *value, void **values) { CYSadTry {
-    ffi_call(cif, function, value, values);
+static void CYObjectiveC_CallFunction(CYPool &pool, JSContextRef context, ffi_cif *cif, void (*function)(), void *value, void **values) { CYSadTry {
+    CYCallFunction(pool, context, cif, function, value, values);

 } CYSadCatch() }
 
 } CYSadCatch() }
 

-static bool CYObjectiveC_PoolFFI(apr_pool_t *pool, JSContextRef context, sig::Type *type, ffi_type *ffi, void *data, JSValueRef value) { CYSadTry {
-    switch (type->primitive) {
-        case sig::object_P:
-        case sig::typename_P:
-            *reinterpret_cast<id *>(data) = CYCastNSObject(pool, context, value);
-        break;
+static NSBlock *CYCastNSBlock(CYPool &pool, JSContextRef context, JSValueRef value, const sig::Signature *signature) {
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+    if (JSValueIsNull(context, value))
+        return nil;
+    JSObjectRef object(CYCastJSObject(context, value));

 
 

-        case sig::selector_P:
-            *reinterpret_cast<SEL *>(data) = CYCastSEL(context, value);
-        break;
+    if (JSValueIsObjectOfClass(context, object, FunctionInstance_))
+        return reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object))->value_;

 
 

-        default:
-            return false;
+    if (JSValueIsObjectOfClass(context, object, Instance::Class_)) {
+        _assert(reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object))->value_ == nil);
+        return nil;

     }
 
     }
 

-    return true;
-} CYSadCatch(false) }
-
-static JSValueRef CYObjectiveC_FromFFI(JSContextRef context, sig::Type *type, ffi_type *ffi, void *data, bool initialize, JSObjectRef owner) { CYPoolTry {
-    switch (type->primitive) {
-        case sig::object_P:
-            if (NSObject *object = *reinterpret_cast<NSObject **>(data)) {
-                JSValueRef value(CYCastJSValue(context, object));
-                if (initialize)
-                    [object release];
-                return value;
-            } else goto null;
-
-        case sig::typename_P:
-            return CYMakeInstance(context, *reinterpret_cast<Class *>(data), true);
-
-        case sig::selector_P:
-            if (SEL sel = *reinterpret_cast<SEL *>(data))
-                return CYMakeSelector(context, sel);
-            else goto null;
-
-        null:
-            return CYJSNull(context);
-        default:
-            return NULL;
-    }
-} CYPoolCatch(NULL) return /*XXX*/ NULL; }
+    _assert(JSObjectIsFunction(context, object));

 
 

-static bool CYImplements(id object, Class _class, SEL selector, bool devoid) {
-    if (objc_method *method = class_getInstanceMethod(_class, selector)) {
-        if (!devoid)
-            return true;
-#if OBJC_API_VERSION >= 2
-        char type[16];
-        method_getReturnType(method, type, sizeof(type));
+    _assert(signature != NULL);
+    _assert(signature->count != 0);
+
+    sig::Signature modified;
+    modified.count = signature->count + 1;
+    modified.elements = new(pool) sig::Element[modified.count];
+
+    modified.elements[0] = signature->elements[0];
+    memcpy(modified.elements + 2, signature->elements + 1, sizeof(sig::Element) * (signature->count - 1));
+
+    modified.elements[1].name = NULL;
+    modified.elements[1].type = new(pool) sig::Object();
+    modified.elements[1].offset = _not(size_t);
+
+    return CYMakeBlock(context, object, modified);

 #else
 #else

-        const char *type(method_getTypeEncoding(method));
+    _assert(false);

 #endif
 #endif

-        if (type[0] != 'v')
-            return true;
-    }
+}

 
 

-    // XXX: possibly use a more "awesome" check?
-    return false;
+namespace sig {
+
+void Block::PoolFFI(CYPool *pool, JSContextRef context, ffi_type *ffi, void *data, JSValueRef value) const {
+    // XXX: this function might not handle the idea of a null pool
+    *reinterpret_cast<id *>(data) = CYCastNSBlock(*pool, context, value, &signature);

 }
 
 }
 

-static const char *CYPoolTypeEncoding(apr_pool_t *pool, JSContextRef context, SEL sel, objc_method *method) {
-    if (method != NULL)
-        return method_getTypeEncoding(method);
+// XXX: assigning to an indirect id * works for return values, but not for properties and fields
+void Object::PoolFFI(CYPool *pool, JSContextRef context, ffi_type *ffi, void *data, JSValueRef value) const {
+    *reinterpret_cast<id *>(data) = CYCastNSObject(pool, context, value);
+}

 
 

-    const char *name(sel_getName(sel));
-    size_t length(strlen(name));
+void Meta::PoolFFI(CYPool *pool, JSContextRef context, ffi_type *ffi, void *data, JSValueRef value) const {
+    *reinterpret_cast<id *>(data) = CYCastNSObject(pool, context, value);
+}

 
 

-    char keyed[length + 2];
-    keyed[0] = '6';
-    keyed[length + 1] = '\0';
-    memcpy(keyed + 1, name, length);
+void Selector::PoolFFI(CYPool *pool, JSContextRef context, ffi_type *ffi, void *data, JSValueRef value) const {
+    *reinterpret_cast<SEL *>(data) = CYCastSEL(context, value);
+}

 
 

-    if (CYBridgeEntry *entry = CYBridgeHash(keyed, length + 1))
-        return entry->value_;
+JSValueRef Object::FromFFI(JSContextRef context, ffi_type *ffi, void *data, bool initialize, JSObjectRef owner) const {
+    NSObject *value(*reinterpret_cast<NSObject **>(data));
+    if (value == NULL)
+        return CYJSNull(context);
+    JSObjectRef object(CYMakeInstance(context, value));

 
 

-    return NULL;
+    if (initialize) {
+        Instance *internal(reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));
+
+        if ((internal->flags_ & Instance::Uninitialized) != 0) {
+            internal->flags_ = static_cast<Instance::Flags>(internal->flags_ & ~Instance::Uninitialized);
+            _assert(internal->value_ == nil);
+            internal->value_ = value;
+        }
+
+        [value release];
+    }
+
+    return object;

 }
 
 }
 

-static void MessageClosure_(ffi_cif *cif, void *result, void **arguments, void *arg) {
-    Closure_privateData *internal(reinterpret_cast<Closure_privateData *>(arg));
+JSValueRef Meta::FromFFI(JSContextRef context, ffi_type *ffi, void *data, bool initialize, JSObjectRef owner) const {
+    if (Class value = *reinterpret_cast<Class *>(data))
+        return CYMakeInstance(context, value, Instance::Permanent);
+    return CYJSNull(context);
+}

 
 

-    JSContextRef context(internal->context_);
+JSValueRef Selector::FromFFI(JSContextRef context, ffi_type *ffi, void *data, bool initialize, JSObjectRef owner) const {
+    return CYCastJSValue(context, *reinterpret_cast<SEL *>(data));
+}

 
 

-    size_t count(internal->cif_.nargs);
-    JSValueRef values[count];
+JSValueRef Block::FromFFI(JSContextRef context, ffi_type *ffi, void *data, bool initialize, JSObjectRef owner) const {
+    return CYCastJSValue(context, *reinterpret_cast<NSObject **>(data));
+}

 
 

-    for (size_t index(0); index != count; ++index)
-        values[index] = CYFromFFI(context, internal->signature_.elements[1 + index].type, internal->cif_.arg_types[index], arguments[index]);
+}

 
 

-    JSObjectRef _this(CYCastJSObject(context, values[0]));
+static bool CYImplements(id object, Class _class, SEL selector, bool devoid = false) {
+    if (objc_method *method = class_getInstanceMethod(_class, selector)) {
+        if (!devoid)
+            return true;
+        char type[16];
+        method_getReturnType(method, type, sizeof(type));
+        if (type[0] != 'v')
+            return true;
+    }
+
+    // XXX: possibly use a more "awesome" check?
+    return false;
+}

 
 

-    JSValueRef value(CYCallAsFunction(context, internal->function_, _this, count - 2, values + 2));
-    CYPoolFFI(NULL, context, internal->signature_.elements[0].type, internal->cif_.rtype, result, value);
+static JSValueRef MessageAdapter_(JSContextRef context, size_t count, JSValueRef values[], JSObjectRef function) {
+    JSObjectRef _this(CYCastJSObject(context, values[0]));
+    return CYCallAsFunction(context, function, _this, count - 2, values + 2);

 }
 
 }
 

-static JSObjectRef CYMakeMessage(JSContextRef context, SEL sel, IMP imp, const char *type) {
-    Message_privateData *internal(new Message_privateData(sel, type, imp));
-    return JSObjectMake(context, Message_, internal);
+JSObjectRef Message_privateData::Make(JSContextRef context, SEL sel, const char *type, IMP value) {
+    Message_privateData *internal(new Message_privateData(sel, type, value));
+    return JSObjectMake(context, Message_privateData::Class_, internal);

 }
 
 }
 

-static IMP CYMakeMessage(JSContextRef context, JSValueRef value, const char *type) {
+static IMP CYMakeMessage(JSContextRef context, JSValueRef value, const char *encoding) {

     JSObjectRef function(CYCastJSObject(context, value));
     JSObjectRef function(CYCastJSObject(context, value));

-    Closure_privateData *internal(CYMakeFunctor_(context, function, type, &MessageClosure_));
+    CYPool pool;
+    sig::Signature signature;
+    sig::Parse(pool, &signature, encoding, &Structor_);
+    Closure_privateData *internal(CYMakeFunctor_(context, function, signature, &MessageAdapter_));

     // XXX: see notes in Library.cpp about needing to leak
     // XXX: see notes in Library.cpp about needing to leak

-    return reinterpret_cast<IMP>(internal->GetValue());
+    return reinterpret_cast<IMP>(internal->value_);

 }
 
 static bool Messages_hasProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property) {
     Messages *internal(reinterpret_cast<Messages *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));
 }
 
 static bool Messages_hasProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property) {
     Messages *internal(reinterpret_cast<Messages *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));

-    Class _class(internal->GetValue());
+    Class _class(internal->value_);

 
     CYPool pool;
     const char *name(CYPoolCString(pool, context, property));
 
     CYPool pool;
     const char *name(CYPoolCString(pool, context, property));


@@ -1463,197 +1634,174 @@ static bool Messages_hasProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStr
     return false;
 }
 
     return false;
 }
 

-static JSValueRef Messages_getProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property, JSValueRef *exception) {
+static JSValueRef Messages_getProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property, JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {

     Messages *internal(reinterpret_cast<Messages *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));
     Messages *internal(reinterpret_cast<Messages *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));

-    Class _class(internal->GetValue());
+    Class _class(internal->value_);

 
     CYPool pool;
     const char *name(CYPoolCString(pool, context, property));
 
     if (SEL sel = sel_getUid(name))
         if (objc_method *method = class_getInstanceMethod(_class, sel))
 
     CYPool pool;
     const char *name(CYPoolCString(pool, context, property));
 
     if (SEL sel = sel_getUid(name))
         if (objc_method *method = class_getInstanceMethod(_class, sel))

-            return CYMakeMessage(context, sel, method_getImplementation(method), method_getTypeEncoding(method));
+            return Message_privateData::Make(context, sel, method_getTypeEncoding(method), method_getImplementation(method));

 
     return NULL;
 
     return NULL;

-}
+} CYCatch(NULL) }

 
 

-static bool Messages_setProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property, JSValueRef value, JSValueRef *exception) {
+static bool Messages_setProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property, JSValueRef value, JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {

     Messages *internal(reinterpret_cast<Messages *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));
     Messages *internal(reinterpret_cast<Messages *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));

-    Class _class(internal->GetValue());
+    Class _class(internal->value_);

 
     CYPool pool;
     const char *name(CYPoolCString(pool, context, property));
 
     CYPool pool;
     const char *name(CYPoolCString(pool, context, property));

-

     SEL sel(sel_registerName(name));
 
     SEL sel(sel_registerName(name));
 

-    objc_method *method(class_getInstanceMethod(_class, sel));
-

     const char *type;
     IMP imp;
 
     const char *type;
     IMP imp;
 

-    if (JSValueIsObjectOfClass(context, value, Message_)) {
+    if (JSValueIsObjectOfClass(context, value, Message_privateData::Class_)) {

         Message_privateData *message(reinterpret_cast<Message_privateData *>(JSObjectGetPrivate((JSObjectRef) value)));
         type = sig::Unparse(pool, &message->signature_);
         Message_privateData *message(reinterpret_cast<Message_privateData *>(JSObjectGetPrivate((JSObjectRef) value)));
         type = sig::Unparse(pool, &message->signature_);

-        imp = reinterpret_cast<IMP>(message->GetValue());
-    } else {
-        type = CYPoolTypeEncoding(pool, context, sel, method);
+        imp = reinterpret_cast<IMP>(message->value_);
+    } else if (objc_method *method = class_getInstanceMethod(_class, sel)) {
+        type = method_getTypeEncoding(method);

         imp = CYMakeMessage(context, value, type);
         imp = CYMakeMessage(context, value, type);

-    }
+    } else _assert(false);
+
+    objc_method *method(NULL);
+    unsigned int size;
+    objc_method **methods(class_copyMethodList(_class, &size));
+    for (size_t i(0); i != size; ++i)
+        if (sel_isEqual(method_getName(methods[i]), sel)) {
+            method = methods[i];
+            break;
+        }
+    free(methods);

 
     if (method != NULL)
         method_setImplementation(method, imp);
 
     if (method != NULL)
         method_setImplementation(method, imp);

-    else {
-#ifdef GNU_RUNTIME
-        GSMethodList list(GSAllocMethodList(1));
-        GSAppendMethodToList(list, sel, type, imp, YES);
-        GSAddMethodList(_class, list, YES);
-        GSFlushMethodCacheForClass(_class);
-#else
+    else

         class_addMethod(_class, sel, imp, type);
         class_addMethod(_class, sel, imp, type);

-#endif
-    }

 
     return true;
 
     return true;

-}
-
-#if 0 && OBJC_API_VERSION < 2
-static bool Messages_deleteProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property, JSValueRef *exception) {
-    Messages *internal(reinterpret_cast<Messages *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));
-    Class _class(internal->GetValue());
-
-    CYPool pool;
-    const char *name(CYPoolCString(pool, context, property));
-
-    if (SEL sel = sel_getUid(name))
-        if (objc_method *method = class_getInstanceMethod(_class, sel)) {
-            objc_method_list list = {NULL, 1, {method}};
-            class_removeMethods(_class, &list);
-            return true;
-        }
-
-    return false;
-}
-#endif
+} CYCatch(false) }

 
 static void Messages_getPropertyNames(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSPropertyNameAccumulatorRef names) {
     Messages *internal(reinterpret_cast<Messages *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));
 
 static void Messages_getPropertyNames(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSPropertyNameAccumulatorRef names) {
     Messages *internal(reinterpret_cast<Messages *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));

-    Class _class(internal->GetValue());
+    Class _class(internal->value_);

 
 

-#if OBJC_API_VERSION >= 2

     unsigned int size;
     objc_method **data(class_copyMethodList(_class, &size));
     for (size_t i(0); i != size; ++i)
         JSPropertyNameAccumulatorAddName(names, CYJSString(sel_getName(method_getName(data[i]))));
     free(data);
     unsigned int size;
     objc_method **data(class_copyMethodList(_class, &size));
     for (size_t i(0); i != size; ++i)
         JSPropertyNameAccumulatorAddName(names, CYJSString(sel_getName(method_getName(data[i]))));
     free(data);

-#else
-    for (objc_method_list *methods(_class->methods); methods != NULL; methods = methods->method_next)
-        for (int i(0); i != methods->method_count; ++i)
-            JSPropertyNameAccumulatorAddName(names, CYJSString(sel_getName(method_getName(&methods->method_list[i]))));
-#endif
+}
+
+static bool CYHasImplicitProperties(Class _class) {
+    // XXX: this is an evil hack to deal with NSProxy; fix elsewhere
+    if (!CYImplements(_class, object_getClass(_class), @selector(cy$hasImplicitProperties)))
+        return true;
+    return [_class cy$hasImplicitProperties];

 }
 
 static bool Instance_hasProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property) {
     Instance *internal(reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));
 }
 
 static bool Instance_hasProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property) {
     Instance *internal(reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));

-    id self(internal->GetValue());
+    id self(internal->value_);

 
     if (JSStringIsEqualToUTF8CString(property, "$cyi"))
         return true;
 
     CYPool pool;
 
     if (JSStringIsEqualToUTF8CString(property, "$cyi"))
         return true;
 
     CYPool pool;

-    NSString *name(CYCastNSString(pool, context, property));
+    NSString *name(CYCastNSString(&pool, context, property));

 
 

-    if (CYInternal *internal = CYInternal::Get(self))
-        if (internal->HasProperty(context, property))
+    if (CYInternal *internal = [CYInternal get:self])
+        if ([internal hasProperty:property inContext:context])

             return true;
 
     Class _class(object_getClass(self));
 
     CYPoolTry {
         // XXX: this is an evil hack to deal with NSProxy; fix elsewhere
             return true;
 
     Class _class(object_getClass(self));
 
     CYPoolTry {
         // XXX: this is an evil hack to deal with NSProxy; fix elsewhere

-        if (CYImplements(self, _class, @selector(cy$hasProperty:), false))
+        if (CYImplements(self, _class, @selector(cy$hasProperty:)))

             if ([self cy$hasProperty:name])
                 return true;
     } CYPoolCatch(false)
 
     const char *string(CYPoolCString(pool, context, name));
 
             if ([self cy$hasProperty:name])
                 return true;
     } CYPoolCatch(false)
 
     const char *string(CYPoolCString(pool, context, name));
 

-#ifdef __APPLE__

     if (class_getProperty(_class, string) != NULL)
         return true;
     if (class_getProperty(_class, string) != NULL)
         return true;

-#endif

 
 

-    if (SEL sel = sel_getUid(string))
-        if (CYImplements(self, _class, sel, true))
-            return true;
+    if (CYHasImplicitProperties(_class))
+        if (SEL sel = sel_getUid(string))
+            if (CYImplements(self, _class, sel, true))
+                return true;

 
     return false;
 }
 
 static JSValueRef Instance_getProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property, JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
     Instance *internal(reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));
 
     return false;
 }
 
 static JSValueRef Instance_getProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property, JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
     Instance *internal(reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));

-    id self(internal->GetValue());
+    id self(internal->value_);

 
     if (JSStringIsEqualToUTF8CString(property, "$cyi"))
 
     if (JSStringIsEqualToUTF8CString(property, "$cyi"))

-        return Internal::Make(context, self, object);
+        return Interior::Make(context, self, context, object);

 
     CYPool pool;
 
     CYPool pool;

-    NSString *name(CYCastNSString(pool, context, property));
+    NSString *name(CYCastNSString(&pool, context, property));

 
 

-    if (CYInternal *internal = CYInternal::Get(self))
-        if (JSValueRef value = internal->GetProperty(context, property))
+    if (CYInternal *internal = [CYInternal get:self])
+        if (JSValueRef value = [internal getProperty:property inContext:context])

             return value;
 
     CYPoolTry {
             return value;
 
     CYPoolTry {

-        if (NSObject *data = [self cy$getProperty:name])
-            return CYCastJSValue(context, data);
+        if (JSValueRef value = [self cy$getProperty:name inContext:context])
+            return value;

     } CYPoolCatch(NULL)
 
     const char *string(CYPoolCString(pool, context, name));
     Class _class(object_getClass(self));
 
     } CYPoolCatch(NULL)
 
     const char *string(CYPoolCString(pool, context, name));
     Class _class(object_getClass(self));
 

-#ifdef __APPLE__

     if (objc_property_t property = class_getProperty(_class, string)) {
         PropertyAttributes attributes(property);
         SEL sel(sel_registerName(attributes.Getter()));
     if (objc_property_t property = class_getProperty(_class, string)) {
         PropertyAttributes attributes(property);
         SEL sel(sel_registerName(attributes.Getter()));

-        return CYSendMessage(pool, context, self, NULL, sel, 0, NULL, false, exception);
+        return CYSendMessage(pool, context, self, NULL, sel, 0, NULL, false);

     }
     }

-#endif

 
 

-    if (SEL sel = sel_getUid(string))
-        if (CYImplements(self, _class, sel, true))
-            return CYSendMessage(pool, context, self, NULL, sel, 0, NULL, false, exception);
+    if (CYHasImplicitProperties(_class))
+        if (SEL sel = sel_getUid(string))
+            if (CYImplements(self, _class, sel, true))
+                return CYSendMessage(pool, context, self, NULL, sel, 0, NULL, false);

 
     return NULL;
 
     return NULL;

-} CYCatch }
+} CYCatch(NULL) }

 
 static bool Instance_setProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property, JSValueRef value, JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
     Instance *internal(reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));
 
 static bool Instance_setProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property, JSValueRef value, JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
     Instance *internal(reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));

-    id self(internal->GetValue());
+    id self(internal->value_);

 
     CYPool pool;
 
 
     CYPool pool;
 

-    NSString *name(CYCastNSString(pool, context, property));
-    NSObject *data(CYCastNSObject(pool, context, value));
+    NSString *name(CYCastNSString(&pool, context, property));
+    NSObject *data(CYCastNSObject(&pool, context, value));

 
     CYPoolTry {
         if ([self cy$setProperty:name to:data])
             return true;
 
     CYPoolTry {
         if ([self cy$setProperty:name to:data])
             return true;

-    } CYPoolCatch(NULL)
+    } CYPoolCatch(false)

 
     const char *string(CYPoolCString(pool, context, name));
     Class _class(object_getClass(self));
 
 
     const char *string(CYPoolCString(pool, context, name));
     Class _class(object_getClass(self));
 

-#ifdef __APPLE__

     if (objc_property_t property = class_getProperty(_class, string)) {
         PropertyAttributes attributes(property);
         if (const char *setter = attributes.Setter()) {
             SEL sel(sel_registerName(setter));
             JSValueRef arguments[1] = {value};
     if (objc_property_t property = class_getProperty(_class, string)) {
         PropertyAttributes attributes(property);
         if (const char *setter = attributes.Setter()) {
             SEL sel(sel_registerName(setter));
             JSValueRef arguments[1] = {value};

-            CYSendMessage(pool, context, self, NULL, sel, 1, arguments, false, exception);
+            CYSendMessage(pool, context, self, NULL, sel, 1, arguments, false);

             return true;
         }
     }
             return true;
         }
     }

-#endif

 
     size_t length(strlen(string));
 
 
     size_t length(strlen(string));
 


@@ -1672,37 +1820,49 @@ static bool Instance_setProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStr
     set[length + 4] = '\0';
 
     if (SEL sel = sel_getUid(set))
     set[length + 4] = '\0';
 
     if (SEL sel = sel_getUid(set))

-        if (CYImplements(self, _class, sel, false)) {
+        if (CYImplements(self, _class, sel)) {

             JSValueRef arguments[1] = {value};
             JSValueRef arguments[1] = {value};

-            CYSendMessage(pool, context, self, NULL, sel, 1, arguments, false, exception);
+            CYSendMessage(pool, context, self, NULL, sel, 1, arguments, false);
+            return true;

         }
 
         }
 

-    if (CYInternal *internal = CYInternal::Set(self)) {
-        internal->SetProperty(context, property, value);
+    if (CYInternal *internal = [CYInternal set:self inContext:context]) {
+        [internal setProperty:property toValue:value inContext:context];

         return true;
     }
 
     return false;
         return true;
     }
 
     return false;

-} CYCatch }
+} CYCatch(false) }

 
 static bool Instance_deleteProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property, JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
     Instance *internal(reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));
 
 static bool Instance_deleteProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property, JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
     Instance *internal(reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));

-    id self(internal->GetValue());
+    id self(internal->value_);

 
     CYPoolTry {
         NSString *name(CYCastNSString(NULL, context, property));
         return [self cy$deleteProperty:name];
 
     CYPoolTry {
         NSString *name(CYCastNSString(NULL, context, property));
         return [self cy$deleteProperty:name];

-    } CYPoolCatch(NULL)
-} CYCatch return /*XXX*/ NULL; }
+    } CYPoolCatch(false)
+} CYCatch(false) return /*XXX*/ false; }
+
+static void Instance_getPropertyNames_message(JSPropertyNameAccumulatorRef names, objc_method *method) {
+    const char *name(sel_getName(method_getName(method)));
+    if (strchr(name, ':') != NULL)
+        return;
+
+    const char *type(method_getTypeEncoding(method));
+    if (type == NULL || *type == '\0' || *type == 'v')
+        return;
+
+    JSPropertyNameAccumulatorAddName(names, CYJSString(name));
+}

 
 static void Instance_getPropertyNames(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSPropertyNameAccumulatorRef names) {
     Instance *internal(reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));
 
 static void Instance_getPropertyNames(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSPropertyNameAccumulatorRef names) {
     Instance *internal(reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));

-    id self(internal->GetValue());
+    id self(internal->value_);

 
     CYPool pool;
     Class _class(object_getClass(self));
 
 
     CYPool pool;
     Class _class(object_getClass(self));
 

-#ifdef __APPLE__

     {
         unsigned int size;
         objc_property_t *data(class_copyPropertyList(_class, &size));
     {
         unsigned int size;
         objc_property_t *data(class_copyPropertyList(_class, &size));


@@ -1710,41 +1870,119 @@ static void Instance_getPropertyNames(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object,
             JSPropertyNameAccumulatorAddName(names, CYJSString(property_getName(data[i])));
         free(data);
     }
             JSPropertyNameAccumulatorAddName(names, CYJSString(property_getName(data[i])));
         free(data);
     }

-#endif
+
+    if (CYHasImplicitProperties(_class))
+        for (Class current(_class); current != nil; current = class_getSuperclass(current)) {
+            unsigned int size;
+            objc_method **data(class_copyMethodList(current, &size));
+            for (size_t i(0); i != size; ++i)
+                Instance_getPropertyNames_message(names, data[i]);
+            free(data);
+        }

 
     CYPoolTry {
         // XXX: this is an evil hack to deal with NSProxy; fix elsewhere
 
     CYPoolTry {
         // XXX: this is an evil hack to deal with NSProxy; fix elsewhere

-        if (CYImplements(self, _class, @selector(cy$getPropertyNames:inContext:), false))
+        if (CYImplements(self, _class, @selector(cy$getPropertyNames:inContext:)))

             [self cy$getPropertyNames:names inContext:context];
     } CYPoolCatch()
 }
 
 static JSObjectRef Instance_callAsConstructor(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
     Instance *internal(reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));
             [self cy$getPropertyNames:names inContext:context];
     } CYPoolCatch()
 }
 
 static JSObjectRef Instance_callAsConstructor(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
     Instance *internal(reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));

-    JSObjectRef value(Instance::Make(context, [internal->GetValue() alloc], Instance::Uninitialized));
+    JSObjectRef value(CYMakeInstance(context, [internal->value_ alloc], Instance::Uninitialized));

     return value;
     return value;

-} CYCatch }
+} CYCatch(NULL) }
+
+static const char *CYBlockEncoding(NSBlock *self) {
+    BlockLiteral *literal(reinterpret_cast<BlockLiteral *>(self));
+    if ((literal->flags & BLOCK_HAS_SIGNATURE) == 0)
+        return NULL;
+    uint8_t *descriptor(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t *>(literal->descriptor));
+    descriptor += sizeof(BlockDescriptor1);
+    if ((literal->flags & BLOCK_HAS_COPY_DISPOSE) != 0)
+        descriptor += sizeof(BlockDescriptor2);
+    BlockDescriptor3 *descriptor3(reinterpret_cast<BlockDescriptor3 *>(descriptor));
+    return descriptor3->signature;
+}
+
+static bool CYBlockSignature(CYPool &pool, NSBlock *self, sig::Signature &signature) {
+    const char *encoding(CYBlockEncoding(self));
+    if (encoding == NULL)
+        return false;
+
+    sig::Parse(pool, &signature, encoding, &Structor_);
+    _assert(signature.count >= 2);
+
+    _assert(dynamic_cast<sig::Object *>(signature.elements[1].type) != NULL);
+    signature.elements[1] = signature.elements[0];
+
+    ++signature.elements;
+    --signature.count;
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+static JSValueRef FunctionInstance_callAsFunction(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObjectRef _this, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
+    Instance *internal(reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));
+    id self(internal->value_);
+
+    if (const char *encoding = CYBlockEncoding(self)) {
+        CYPool pool;
+
+        void *setup[1];
+        setup[0] = &self;
+
+        sig::Signature signature;
+        sig::Parse(pool, &signature, encoding, &Structor_);
+
+        ffi_cif cif;
+        sig::sig_ffi_cif(pool, 0, signature, &cif);
+
+        BlockLiteral *literal(reinterpret_cast<BlockLiteral *>(self));
+        void (*function)() = reinterpret_cast<void (*)()>(literal->invoke);
+        return CYCallFunction(pool, context, 1, setup, count, arguments, false, false, signature, &cif, function);
+    }
+
+    if (count != 0)
+        CYThrow("NSBlock without signature field passed arguments");
+
+    CYPoolTry {
+        [self invoke];
+    } CYPoolCatch(NULL);
+
+    return NULL;
+} CYCatch(NULL) }

 
 static bool Instance_hasInstance(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef constructor, JSValueRef instance, JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
     Instance *internal(reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate((JSObjectRef) constructor)));
 
 static bool Instance_hasInstance(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef constructor, JSValueRef instance, JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
     Instance *internal(reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate((JSObjectRef) constructor)));

-    Class _class(internal->GetValue());
+    Class _class(internal->value_);

     if (!CYIsClass(_class))
         return false;
 
     if (!CYIsClass(_class))
         return false;
 

-    if (JSValueIsObjectOfClass(context, instance, Instance_)) {
+    if (CYJSValueIsNSObject(context, instance)) {

         Instance *linternal(reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate((JSObjectRef) instance)));
         // XXX: this isn't always safe
         Instance *linternal(reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate((JSObjectRef) instance)));
         // XXX: this isn't always safe

-        return [linternal->GetValue() isKindOfClass:_class];
+        return [linternal->value_ isKindOfClass:_class];

     }
 
     return false;
     }
 
     return false;

-} CYCatch }
+} CYCatch(false) }
+
+static JSValueRef Instance_box_callAsFunction(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObjectRef _this, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
+    if (count == 0)
+        throw CYJSError(context, "incorrect number of arguments to Instance");
+    CYPool pool;
+    id value(CYCastNSObject(&pool, context, arguments[0]));
+    if (value == nil)
+        value = [NSNull null];
+    return CYCastJSValue(context, [value cy$box]);
+} CYCatch(NULL) }

 
 

-static bool Internal_hasProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property) {
-    Internal *internal(reinterpret_cast<Internal *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));
+static bool Interior_hasProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property) {
+    Interior *internal(reinterpret_cast<Interior *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));

     CYPool pool;
 
     CYPool pool;
 

-    id self(internal->GetValue());
+    id self(internal->value_);

     const char *name(CYPoolCString(pool, context, property));
 
     if (object_getInstanceVariable(self, name, NULL) != NULL)
     const char *name(CYPoolCString(pool, context, property));
 
     if (object_getInstanceVariable(self, name, NULL) != NULL)


@@ -1753,106 +1991,161 @@ static bool Internal_hasProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStr
     return false;
 }
 
     return false;
 }
 

-static JSValueRef Internal_getProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property, JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
-    Internal *internal(reinterpret_cast<Internal *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));
+static void CYBitField(unsigned &length, unsigned &shift, id self, Ivar ivar, const char *encoding, unsigned offset) {
+    length = CYCastDouble(encoding + 1);
+    shift = 0;
+
+    unsigned int size;
+    objc_ivar **ivars(class_copyIvarList(object_getClass(self), &size));
+    for (size_t i(0); i != size; ++i)
+        if (ivars[i] == ivar)
+            break;
+        else if (ivar_getOffset(ivars[i]) == offset) {
+            const char *encoding(ivar_getTypeEncoding(ivars[i]));
+            _assert(encoding != NULL);
+            _assert(encoding[0] == 'b');
+            shift += CYCastDouble(encoding + 1);
+        }
+    free(ivars);
+}
+
+static JSValueRef Interior_getProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property, JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
+    Interior *internal(reinterpret_cast<Interior *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));

     CYPool pool;
 
     CYPool pool;
 

-    id self(internal->GetValue());
+    id self(internal->value_);

     const char *name(CYPoolCString(pool, context, property));
 
     if (objc_ivar *ivar = object_getInstanceVariable(self, name, NULL)) {
     const char *name(CYPoolCString(pool, context, property));
 
     if (objc_ivar *ivar = object_getInstanceVariable(self, name, NULL)) {

-        Type_privateData type(pool, ivar_getTypeEncoding(ivar));
-        // XXX: if this fails and throws an exception the person we are throwing it to gets the wrong exception
-        return CYFromFFI(context, type.type_, type.GetFFI(), reinterpret_cast<uint8_t *>(self) + ivar_getOffset(ivar));
+        ptrdiff_t offset(ivar_getOffset(ivar));
+        void *data(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t *>(self) + offset);
+
+        const char *encoding(ivar_getTypeEncoding(ivar));
+        _assert(encoding != NULL);
+        _assert(encoding[0] != '\0');
+        if (encoding[0] == 'b') {
+            unsigned length, shift;
+            CYBitField(length, shift, self, ivar, encoding, offset);
+            _assert(shift + length <= sizeof(uintptr_t) * 8);
+            uintptr_t &field(*reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t *>(data));
+            uintptr_t mask((1 << length) - 1);
+            return CYCastJSValue(context, (field >> shift) & mask);
+        } else {
+#if defined(__APPLE__) && defined(__LP64__)
+            // XXX: maybe do even more verifications here
+            if (strcmp(name, "isa") == 0)
+                return CYCastJSValue(context, object_getClass(self));
+#endif
+
+            auto type(new(pool) Type_privateData(encoding));
+            return type->type_->FromFFI(context, type->GetFFI(), data);
+        }

     }
 
     return NULL;
     }
 
     return NULL;

-} CYCatch }
+} CYCatch(NULL) }

 
 

-static bool Internal_setProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property, JSValueRef value, JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
-    Internal *internal(reinterpret_cast<Internal *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));
+static bool Interior_setProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property, JSValueRef value, JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
+    Interior *internal(reinterpret_cast<Interior *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));

     CYPool pool;
 
     CYPool pool;
 

-    id self(internal->GetValue());
+    id self(internal->value_);

     const char *name(CYPoolCString(pool, context, property));
 
     if (objc_ivar *ivar = object_getInstanceVariable(self, name, NULL)) {
     const char *name(CYPoolCString(pool, context, property));
 
     if (objc_ivar *ivar = object_getInstanceVariable(self, name, NULL)) {

-        Type_privateData type(pool, ivar_getTypeEncoding(ivar));
-        CYPoolFFI(pool, context, type.type_, type.GetFFI(), reinterpret_cast<uint8_t *>(self) + ivar_getOffset(ivar), value);
-        return true;
+        ptrdiff_t offset(ivar_getOffset(ivar));
+        void *data(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t *>(self) + offset);
+
+        const char *encoding(ivar_getTypeEncoding(ivar));
+        _assert(encoding != NULL);
+        if (encoding[0] == 'b') {
+            unsigned length, shift;
+            CYBitField(length, shift, self, ivar, encoding, offset);
+            _assert(shift + length <= sizeof(uintptr_t) * 8);
+            uintptr_t &field(*reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t *>(data));
+            uintptr_t mask((1 << length) - 1);
+            field = field & ~(mask << shift) | (uintptr_t(CYCastDouble(context, value)) & mask) << shift;
+        } else {
+            auto type(new(pool) Type_privateData(ivar_getTypeEncoding(ivar)));
+            type->type_->PoolFFI(&pool, context, type->GetFFI(), reinterpret_cast<uint8_t *>(self) + ivar_getOffset(ivar), value);
+            return true;
+        }

     }
 
     return false;
     }
 
     return false;

-} CYCatch }
+} CYCatch(false) }

 
 

-static void Internal_getPropertyNames_(Class _class, JSPropertyNameAccumulatorRef names) {
+static void Interior_getPropertyNames_(Class _class, JSPropertyNameAccumulatorRef names) {

     if (Class super = class_getSuperclass(_class))
     if (Class super = class_getSuperclass(_class))

-        Internal_getPropertyNames_(super, names);
+        Interior_getPropertyNames_(super, names);

 
 

-#if OBJC_API_VERSION >= 2

     unsigned int size;
     objc_ivar **data(class_copyIvarList(_class, &size));
     for (size_t i(0); i != size; ++i)
         JSPropertyNameAccumulatorAddName(names, CYJSString(ivar_getName(data[i])));
     free(data);
     unsigned int size;
     objc_ivar **data(class_copyIvarList(_class, &size));
     for (size_t i(0); i != size; ++i)
         JSPropertyNameAccumulatorAddName(names, CYJSString(ivar_getName(data[i])));
     free(data);

-#else
-    if (objc_ivar_list *ivars = _class->ivars)
-        for (int i(0); i != ivars->ivar_count; ++i)
-            JSPropertyNameAccumulatorAddName(names, CYJSString(ivar_getName(&ivars->ivar_list[i])));
-#endif

 }
 
 }
 

-static void Internal_getPropertyNames(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSPropertyNameAccumulatorRef names) {
-    Internal *internal(reinterpret_cast<Internal *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));
+static void Interior_getPropertyNames(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSPropertyNameAccumulatorRef names) {
+    Interior *internal(reinterpret_cast<Interior *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));

     CYPool pool;
 
     CYPool pool;
 

-    id self(internal->GetValue());
+    id self(internal->value_);

     Class _class(object_getClass(self));
 
     Class _class(object_getClass(self));
 

-    Internal_getPropertyNames_(_class, names);
+    Interior_getPropertyNames_(_class, names);

 }
 
 }
 

-static JSValueRef Internal_callAsFunction_$cya(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObjectRef _this, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) {
-    Internal *internal(reinterpret_cast<Internal *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));
-    return internal->GetOwner();
+static JSValueRef Interior_callAsFunction_$cya(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObjectRef _this, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
+    Interior *internal(reinterpret_cast<Interior *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));
+    return internal->owner_;
+} CYCatch(NULL) }
+
+static bool ObjectiveC_Classes_hasProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property) {
+    CYPool pool;
+    return objc_getClass(CYPoolCString(pool, context, property)) != Nil;

 }
 
 static JSValueRef ObjectiveC_Classes_getProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property, JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
     CYPool pool;
 }
 
 static JSValueRef ObjectiveC_Classes_getProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property, JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
     CYPool pool;

-    NSString *name(CYCastNSString(pool, context, property));
+    NSString *name(CYCastNSString(&pool, context, property));

     if (Class _class = NSClassFromString(name))
     if (Class _class = NSClassFromString(name))

-        return CYMakeInstance(context, _class, true);
+        return CYMakeInstance(context, _class, Instance::Permanent);

     return NULL;
     return NULL;

-} CYCatch }
+} CYCatch(NULL) }

 
 

-static void ObjectiveC_Classes_getPropertyNames(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSPropertyNameAccumulatorRef names) {
-#ifdef __APPLE__
-    size_t size(objc_getClassList(NULL, 0));
+static Class *CYCopyClassList(size_t &size) {
+    size = objc_getClassList(NULL, 0);

     Class *data(reinterpret_cast<Class *>(malloc(sizeof(Class) * size)));
 
     Class *data(reinterpret_cast<Class *>(malloc(sizeof(Class) * size)));
 

-  get:
-    size_t writ(objc_getClassList(data, size));
-    if (size < writ) {
+    for (;;) {
+        size_t writ(objc_getClassList(data, size));
+        if (writ <= size) {
+            size = writ;
+            return data;
+        }
+
+        Class *copy(reinterpret_cast<Class *>(realloc(data, sizeof(Class) * writ)));
+        if (copy == NULL) {
+            free(data);
+            return NULL;
+        }
+
+        data = copy;

         size = writ;
         size = writ;

-        if (Class *copy = reinterpret_cast<Class *>(realloc(data, sizeof(Class) * writ))) {
-            data = copy;
-            goto get;
-        } else goto done;

     }
     }

+}

 
 

-    for (size_t i(0); i != writ; ++i)
-        JSPropertyNameAccumulatorAddName(names, CYJSString(class_getName(data[i])));
-
-  done:
-    free(data);
-#else
-    void *state(NULL);
-    while (Class _class = objc_next_class(&state))
-        JSPropertyNameAccumulatorAddName(names, CYJSString(class_getName(_class)));
-#endif
+static void ObjectiveC_Classes_getPropertyNames(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSPropertyNameAccumulatorRef names) {
+    size_t size;
+    if (Class *data = CYCopyClassList(size)) {
+        for (size_t i(0); i != size; ++i)
+            JSPropertyNameAccumulatorAddName(names, CYJSString(class_getName(data[i])));
+        free(data);
+    }

 }
 
 }
 

-#if OBJC_API_VERSION >= 2
+#ifdef __APPLE__

 static JSValueRef ObjectiveC_Image_Classes_getProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property, JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
     const char *internal(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));
 
 static JSValueRef ObjectiveC_Image_Classes_getProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property, JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
     const char *internal(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));
 


@@ -1864,7 +2157,7 @@ static JSValueRef ObjectiveC_Image_Classes_getProperty(JSContextRef context, JSO
     for (size_t i(0); i != size; ++i)
         if (strcmp(name, data[i]) == 0) {
             if (Class _class = objc_getClass(name)) {
     for (size_t i(0); i != size; ++i)
         if (strcmp(name, data[i]) == 0) {
             if (Class _class = objc_getClass(name)) {

-                value = CYMakeInstance(context, _class, true);
+                value = CYMakeInstance(context, _class, Instance::Permanent);

                 goto free;
             } else
                 break;
                 goto free;
             } else
                 break;


@@ -1873,7 +2166,7 @@ static JSValueRef ObjectiveC_Image_Classes_getProperty(JSContextRef context, JSO
   free:
     free(data);
     return value;
   free:
     free(data);
     return value;

-} CYCatch }
+} CYCatch(NULL) }

 
 static void ObjectiveC_Image_Classes_getPropertyNames(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSPropertyNameAccumulatorRef names) {
     const char *internal(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));
 
 static void ObjectiveC_Image_Classes_getPropertyNames(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSPropertyNameAccumulatorRef names) {
     const char *internal(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));


@@ -1886,23 +2179,21 @@ static void ObjectiveC_Image_Classes_getPropertyNames(JSContextRef context, JSOb
 
 static JSValueRef ObjectiveC_Images_getProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property, JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
     CYPool pool;
 
 static JSValueRef ObjectiveC_Images_getProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property, JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
     CYPool pool;

-    const char *name(CYPoolCString(pool, context, property));
+    CYUTF8String name(CYPoolUTF8String(pool, context, property));
+

     unsigned int size;
     const char **data(objc_copyImageNames(&size));
     unsigned int size;
     const char **data(objc_copyImageNames(&size));

+    pool.atexit(free, data);
+

     for (size_t i(0); i != size; ++i)
     for (size_t i(0); i != size; ++i)

-        if (strcmp(name, data[i]) == 0) {
-            name = data[i];
-            goto free;
+        if (name == data[i]) {
+            JSObjectRef value(JSObjectMake(context, NULL, NULL));
+            CYSetProperty(context, value, CYJSString("classes"), JSObjectMake(context, ObjectiveC_Image_Classes_, const_cast<char *>(data[i])));
+            return value;

         }
         }

-    name = NULL;
-  free:
-    free(data);
-    if (name == NULL)
-        return NULL;
-    JSObjectRef value(JSObjectMake(context, NULL, NULL));
-    CYSetProperty(context, value, CYJSString("classes"), JSObjectMake(context, ObjectiveC_Image_Classes_, const_cast<char *>(name)));
-    return value;
-} CYCatch }
+
+    return NULL;
+} CYCatch(NULL) }

 
 static void ObjectiveC_Images_getPropertyNames(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSPropertyNameAccumulatorRef names) {
     unsigned int size;
 
 static void ObjectiveC_Images_getPropertyNames(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSPropertyNameAccumulatorRef names) {
     unsigned int size;


@@ -1917,23 +2208,144 @@ static JSValueRef ObjectiveC_Protocols_getProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjec
     CYPool pool;
     const char *name(CYPoolCString(pool, context, property));
     if (Protocol *protocol = objc_getProtocol(name))
     CYPool pool;
     const char *name(CYPoolCString(pool, context, property));
     if (Protocol *protocol = objc_getProtocol(name))

-        return CYMakeInstance(context, protocol, true);
+        return CYMakeInstance(context, protocol, Instance::Permanent);

     return NULL;
     return NULL;

-} CYCatch }
+} CYCatch(NULL) }

 
 static void ObjectiveC_Protocols_getPropertyNames(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSPropertyNameAccumulatorRef names) {
 
 static void ObjectiveC_Protocols_getPropertyNames(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSPropertyNameAccumulatorRef names) {

-#if OBJC_API_VERSION >= 2

     unsigned int size;
     Protocol **data(objc_copyProtocolList(&size));
     for (size_t i(0); i != size; ++i)
         JSPropertyNameAccumulatorAddName(names, CYJSString(protocol_getName(data[i])));
     free(data);
     unsigned int size;
     Protocol **data(objc_copyProtocolList(&size));
     for (size_t i(0); i != size; ++i)
         JSPropertyNameAccumulatorAddName(names, CYJSString(protocol_getName(data[i])));
     free(data);

+}
+
+static JSValueRef ObjectiveC_Constants_getProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property, JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
+    CYPool pool;
+    CYUTF8String name(CYPoolUTF8String(pool, context, property));
+    if (name == "nil")
+        return CYJSNull(context);
+    return NULL;
+} CYCatch(NULL) }
+
+static void ObjectiveC_Constants_getPropertyNames(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSPropertyNameAccumulatorRef names) {
+    JSPropertyNameAccumulatorAddName(names, CYJSString("nil"));
+}
+
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+static kern_return_t CYReadMemory(task_t task, vm_address_t address, vm_size_t size, void **data) {
+    *data = reinterpret_cast<void *>(address);
+    return KERN_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+struct CYChoice {
+    std::set<Class> query_;
+    JSContextRef context_;
+    JSObjectRef results_;
+};
+
+struct CYObjectStruct {
+    Class isa_;
+};
+
+static void choose_(task_t task, void *baton, unsigned type, vm_range_t *ranges, unsigned count) {
+    CYChoice *choice(reinterpret_cast<CYChoice *>(baton));
+    JSContextRef context(choice->context_);
+
+    for (unsigned i(0); i != count; ++i) {
+        vm_range_t &range(ranges[i]);
+        void *data(reinterpret_cast<void *>(range.address));
+        size_t size(range.size);
+
+        if (size < sizeof(CYObjectStruct))
+            continue;
+
+        uintptr_t *pointers(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t *>(data));
+#if defined(__APPLE__) && defined(__LP64__)
+        Class isa(reinterpret_cast<Class>(pointers[0] & 0x1fffffff8));

 #else
 #else

-    // XXX: fix this!
+        Class isa(reinterpret_cast<Class>(pointers[0]));
+#endif
+
+        std::set<Class>::const_iterator result(choice->query_.find(isa));
+        if (result == choice->query_.end())
+            continue;
+
+        size_t needed(class_getInstanceSize(*result));
+        // XXX: if (size < needed)
+
+        size_t boundary(496);
+#ifdef __LP64__
+        boundary *= 2;

 #endif
 #endif

+        if (needed <= boundary && (needed + 15) / 16 * 16 != size || needed > boundary && (needed + 511) / 512 * 512 != size)
+            continue;
+        CYArrayPush(context, choice->results_, CYCastJSValue(context, reinterpret_cast<id>(data)));
+    }

 }
 
 }
 

+static JSValueRef choose(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObjectRef _this, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
+    if (count != 1)
+        throw CYJSError(context, "choose() takes a class argument");
+
+    CYGarbageCollect(context);
+
+    CYPool pool;
+    id _class(CYCastNSObject(&pool, context, arguments[0]));
+
+    vm_address_t *zones(NULL);
+    unsigned size(0);
+    kern_return_t error(malloc_get_all_zones(0, &CYReadMemory, &zones, &size));
+    _assert(error == KERN_SUCCESS);
+
+    JSObjectRef Array(CYGetCachedObject(context, CYJSString("Array")));
+    JSObjectRef results(_jsccall(JSObjectCallAsConstructor, context, Array, 0, NULL));
+
+    CYChoice choice;
+    choice.context_ = context;
+    choice.results_ = results;
+
+    size_t number;
+    Class *classes(CYCopyClassList(number));
+    _assert(classes != NULL);
+
+    for (size_t i(0); i != number; ++i)
+        for (Class current(classes[i]); current != Nil; current = class_getSuperclass(current))
+            if (current == _class) {
+                choice.query_.insert(classes[i]);
+                break;
+            }
+
+    free(classes);
+
+    for (unsigned i(0); i != size; ++i) {
+        const malloc_zone_t *zone(reinterpret_cast<const malloc_zone_t *>(zones[i]));
+        if (zone == NULL || zone->introspect == NULL)
+            continue;
+
+        zone->introspect->enumerator(mach_task_self(), &choice, MALLOC_PTR_IN_USE_RANGE_TYPE, zones[i], &CYReadMemory, &choose_);
+    }
+
+    return results;
+} CYCatch(NULL) }
+#endif
+

 #ifdef __APPLE__
 #ifdef __APPLE__

+#if defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__)
+#define OBJC_MAX_STRUCT_BY_VALUE 8
+static int struct_forward_array[] = {
+    0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0 };
+#elif defined(__arm__)
+#define OBJC_MAX_STRUCT_BY_VALUE 1
+static int struct_forward_array[] = {
+    0, 0 };
+#elif defined(__arm64__)
+#define CY_NO_STRET
+#else
+#error missing objc-runtime-info
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CY_NO_STRET

 static bool stret(ffi_type *ffi_type) {
     return ffi_type->type == FFI_TYPE_STRUCT && (
         ffi_type->size > OBJC_MAX_STRUCT_BY_VALUE ||
 static bool stret(ffi_type *ffi_type) {
     return ffi_type->type == FFI_TYPE_STRUCT && (
         ffi_type->size > OBJC_MAX_STRUCT_BY_VALUE ||


@@ -1941,8 +2353,11 @@ static bool stret(ffi_type *ffi_type) {
     );
 }
 #endif
     );
 }
 #endif

+#else
+#define CY_NO_STRET
+#endif

 
 

-JSValueRef CYSendMessage(apr_pool_t *pool, JSContextRef context, id self, Class _class, SEL _cmd, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], bool initialize, JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
+JSValueRef CYSendMessage(CYPool &pool, JSContextRef context, id self, Class _class, SEL _cmd, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], bool initialize) {

     const char *type;
 
     if (_class == NULL)
     const char *type;
 
     if (_class == NULL)


@@ -1957,11 +2372,14 @@ JSValueRef CYSendMessage(apr_pool_t *pool, JSContextRef context, id self, Class
         imp = NULL;
 
         CYPoolTry {
         imp = NULL;
 
         CYPoolTry {

-            NSMethodSignature *method([self methodSignatureForSelector:_cmd]);
-            if (method == nil)
-                throw CYJSError(context, "unrecognized selector %s sent to object %p", sel_getName(_cmd), self);
-            type = CYPoolCString(pool, context, [method _typeString]);
+            if (NSMethodSignature *method = [self methodSignatureForSelector:_cmd])
+                type = CYPoolCString(pool, context, [method _typeString]);
+            else
+                type = NULL;

         } CYPoolCatch(NULL)
         } CYPoolCatch(NULL)

+
+        if (type == NULL)
+            throw CYJSError(context, "unrecognized selector %s sent to object %p", sel_getName(_cmd), self);

     }
 
     void *setup[2];
     }
 
     void *setup[2];


@@ -1972,25 +2390,22 @@ JSValueRef CYSendMessage(apr_pool_t *pool, JSContextRef context, id self, Class
     sig::Parse(pool, &signature, type, &Structor_);
 
     ffi_cif cif;
     sig::Parse(pool, &signature, type, &Structor_);
 
     ffi_cif cif;

-    sig::sig_ffi_cif(pool, &sig::ObjectiveC, &signature, &cif);
+    sig::sig_ffi_cif(pool, 0, signature, &cif);

 
     if (imp == NULL) {
 
     if (imp == NULL) {

-#ifdef __APPLE__
+#ifndef CY_NO_STRET

         if (stret(cif.rtype))
             imp = class_getMethodImplementation_stret(_class, _cmd);
         else
         if (stret(cif.rtype))
             imp = class_getMethodImplementation_stret(_class, _cmd);
         else

-            imp = class_getMethodImplementation(_class, _cmd);
-#else
-        objc_super super = {self, _class};
-        imp = objc_msg_lookup_super(&super, _cmd);

 #endif
 #endif

+            imp = class_getMethodImplementation(_class, _cmd);

     }
 
     void (*function)() = reinterpret_cast<void (*)()>(imp);
     }
 
     void (*function)() = reinterpret_cast<void (*)()>(imp);

-    return CYCallFunction(pool, context, 2, setup, count, arguments, initialize, exception, &signature, &cif, function);
-} CYCatch }
+    return CYCallFunction(pool, context, 2, setup, count, arguments, initialize, true, signature, &cif, function);
+}

 
 

-static JSValueRef $objc_msgSend(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObjectRef _this, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
+static JSValueRef $objc_msgSend(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObjectRef _this, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[]) {

     if (count < 2)
         throw CYJSError(context, "too few arguments to objc_msgSend");
 
     if (count < 2)
         throw CYJSError(context, "too few arguments to objc_msgSend");
 


@@ -2002,20 +2417,20 @@ static JSValueRef $objc_msgSend(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObje
     SEL _cmd;
     Class _class;
 
     SEL _cmd;
     Class _class;
 

-    if (JSValueIsObjectOfClass(context, arguments[0], Super_)) {
+    if (JSValueIsObjectOfClass(context, arguments[0], cy::Super::Class_)) {

         cy::Super *internal(reinterpret_cast<cy::Super *>(JSObjectGetPrivate((JSObjectRef) arguments[0])));
         cy::Super *internal(reinterpret_cast<cy::Super *>(JSObjectGetPrivate((JSObjectRef) arguments[0])));

-        self = internal->GetValue();
+        self = internal->value_;

         _class = internal->class_;;
         uninitialized = false;
         _class = internal->class_;;
         uninitialized = false;

-    } else if (JSValueIsObjectOfClass(context, arguments[0], Instance_)) {
+    } else if (CYJSValueIsNSObject(context, arguments[0])) {

         Instance *internal(reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate((JSObjectRef) arguments[0])));
         Instance *internal(reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate((JSObjectRef) arguments[0])));

-        self = internal->GetValue();
+        self = internal->value_;

         _class = nil;
         uninitialized = internal->IsUninitialized();
         if (uninitialized)
             internal->value_ = nil;
     } else {
         _class = nil;
         uninitialized = internal->IsUninitialized();
         if (uninitialized)
             internal->value_ = nil;
     } else {

-        self = CYCastNSObject(pool, context, arguments[0]);
+        self = CYCastNSObject(&pool, context, arguments[0]);

         _class = nil;
         uninitialized = false;
     }
         _class = nil;
         uninitialized = false;
     }


@@ -2025,148 +2440,116 @@ static JSValueRef $objc_msgSend(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObje
 
     _cmd = CYCastSEL(context, arguments[1]);
 
 
     _cmd = CYCastSEL(context, arguments[1]);
 

-    return CYSendMessage(pool, context, self, _class, _cmd, count - 2, arguments + 2, uninitialized, exception);
-} CYCatch }
-
-/* Hook: objc_registerClassPair {{{ */
-#if defined(__APPLE__) && defined(__arm__)
-// XXX: replace this with associated objects
-
-MSHook(void, CYDealloc, id self, SEL sel) {
-    CYInternal *internal;
-    object_getInstanceVariable(self, "cy$internal_", reinterpret_cast<void **>(&internal));
-    if (internal != NULL)
-        delete internal;
-    _CYDealloc(self, sel);
+    return CYSendMessage(pool, context, self, _class, _cmd, count - 2, arguments + 2, uninitialized);

 }
 
 }
 

-MSHook(void, objc_registerClassPair, Class _class) {
-    Class super(class_getSuperclass(_class));
-    if (super == NULL || class_getInstanceVariable(super, "cy$internal_") == NULL) {
-        class_addIvar(_class, "cy$internal_", sizeof(CYInternal *), log2(sizeof(CYInternal *)), "^{CYInternal}");
-        MSHookMessage(_class, @selector(dealloc), MSHake(CYDealloc));
-    }
-
-    _objc_registerClassPair(_class);
-}
-
-static JSValueRef objc_registerClassPair_(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObjectRef _this, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
-    if (count != 1)
-        throw CYJSError(context, "incorrect number of arguments to objc_registerClassPair");
-    CYPool pool;
-    NSObject *value(CYCastNSObject(pool, context, arguments[0]));
-    if (value == NULL || !CYIsClass(value))
-        throw CYJSError(context, "incorrect number of arguments to objc_registerClassPair");
-    Class _class((Class) value);
-    $objc_registerClassPair(_class);
-    return CYJSUndefined(context);
-} CYCatch }
-#endif
-/* }}} */
+static JSValueRef $objc_msgSend(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObjectRef _this, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
+    return $objc_msgSend(context, object, _this, count, arguments);
+} CYCatch(NULL) }

 
 

-static JSValueRef Selector_callAsFunction(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObjectRef _this, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) {
+static JSValueRef Selector_callAsFunction(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObjectRef _this, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {

     JSValueRef setup[count + 2];
     setup[0] = _this;
     setup[1] = object;
     memcpy(setup + 2, arguments, sizeof(JSValueRef) * count);
     JSValueRef setup[count + 2];
     setup[0] = _this;
     setup[1] = object;
     memcpy(setup + 2, arguments, sizeof(JSValueRef) * count);

-    return $objc_msgSend(context, NULL, NULL, count + 2, setup, exception);
-}
+    return $objc_msgSend(context, NULL, NULL, count + 2, setup);
+} CYCatch(NULL) }

 
 

-static JSValueRef Message_callAsFunction(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObjectRef _this, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) {
+static JSValueRef Message_callAsFunction(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObjectRef _this, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {

     CYPool pool;
     Message_privateData *internal(reinterpret_cast<Message_privateData *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));
 
     // XXX: handle Instance::Uninitialized?
     CYPool pool;
     Message_privateData *internal(reinterpret_cast<Message_privateData *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));
 
     // XXX: handle Instance::Uninitialized?

-    id self(CYCastNSObject(pool, context, _this));
+    id self(CYCastNSObject(&pool, context, _this));

 
     void *setup[2];
     setup[0] = &self;
     setup[1] = &internal->sel_;
 
 
     void *setup[2];
     setup[0] = &self;
     setup[1] = &internal->sel_;
 

-    return CYCallFunction(pool, context, 2, setup, count, arguments, false, exception, &internal->signature_, &internal->cif_, internal->GetValue());
-}
+    return CYCallFunction(pool, context, 2, setup, count, arguments, false, true, internal->signature_, &internal->cif_, internal->value_);
+} CYCatch(NULL) }

 
 static JSObjectRef Super_new(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
     if (count != 2)
 
 static JSObjectRef Super_new(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
     if (count != 2)

-        throw CYJSError(context, "incorrect number of arguments to Super constructor");
+        throw CYJSError(context, "incorrect number of arguments to objc_super constructor");

     CYPool pool;
     CYPool pool;

-    id self(CYCastNSObject(pool, context, arguments[0]));
+    id self(CYCastNSObject(&pool, context, arguments[0]));

     Class _class(CYCastClass(pool, context, arguments[1]));
     return cy::Super::Make(context, self, _class);
     Class _class(CYCastClass(pool, context, arguments[1]));
     return cy::Super::Make(context, self, _class);

-} CYCatch }
+} CYCatch(NULL) }

 
 static JSObjectRef Selector_new(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
     if (count != 1)
         throw CYJSError(context, "incorrect number of arguments to Selector constructor");
     CYPool pool;
     const char *name(CYPoolCString(pool, context, arguments[0]));
 
 static JSObjectRef Selector_new(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
     if (count != 1)
         throw CYJSError(context, "incorrect number of arguments to Selector constructor");
     CYPool pool;
     const char *name(CYPoolCString(pool, context, arguments[0]));

-    return CYMakeSelector(context, sel_registerName(name));
-} CYCatch }
+    return Selector_privateData::Make(context, sel_registerName(name));
+} CYCatch(NULL) }

 
 static JSObjectRef Instance_new(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
 
 static JSObjectRef Instance_new(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {

-    if (count > 1)
+    if (count != 1)

         throw CYJSError(context, "incorrect number of arguments to Instance constructor");
         throw CYJSError(context, "incorrect number of arguments to Instance constructor");

-    id self(count == 0 ? nil : CYCastPointer<id>(context, arguments[0]));
-    return Instance::Make(context, self);
-} CYCatch }
+    return CYMakeInstance(context, CYCastPointer<id>(context, arguments[0]));
+} CYCatch(NULL) }

 
 

-static JSValueRef CYValue_getProperty_value(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property, JSValueRef *exception) {
-    CYValue *internal(reinterpret_cast<CYValue *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));
-    return CYCastJSValue(context, reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(internal->value_));
-}
-
-static JSValueRef CYValue_callAsFunction_$cya(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObjectRef _this, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) {
-    CYValue *internal(reinterpret_cast<CYValue *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(_this)));
-    Type_privateData *typical(internal->GetType());
+static JSValueRef Selector_getProperty_$cyt(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property, JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
+    return CYMakeType(context, sig::Selector());
+} CYCatch(NULL) }

 
 

-    sig::Type *type;
-    ffi_type *ffi;
-
-    if (typical == NULL) {
-        type = NULL;
-        ffi = NULL;
-    } else {
-        type = typical->type_;
-        ffi = typical->ffi_;
-    }
+static JSValueRef Instance_getProperty_$cyt(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property, JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
+    Instance *internal(reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));
+    id self(internal->value_);
+    if (CYIsClass(self))
+        return CYMakeType(context, sig::Meta());
+    return CYMakeType(context, sig::Object(class_getName(object_getClass(self))));
+} CYCatch(NULL) }

 
 

-    return CYMakePointer(context, &internal->value_, _not(size_t), type, ffi, object);
-}
+static JSValueRef FunctionInstance_getProperty_$cyt(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property, JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
+    Instance *internal(reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));
+    CYPool pool;
+    sig::Block type;
+    if (!CYBlockSignature(pool, internal->value_, type.signature))
+        return CYJSNull(context);
+    return CYMakeType(context, type);
+} CYCatch(NULL) }

 
 

-static JSValueRef Instance_getProperty_constructor(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property, JSValueRef *exception) {
+static JSValueRef Instance_getProperty_constructor(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property, JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {

     Instance *internal(reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));
     Instance *internal(reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));

-    return Instance::Make(context, (id) object_getClass(internal->GetValue()));
-}
+    return CYMakeInstance(context, object_getClass(internal->value_), Instance::Permanent);
+} CYCatch(NULL) }

 
 

-static JSValueRef Instance_getProperty_protocol(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property, JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
+static JSValueRef Instance_getProperty_prototype(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property, JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {

     Instance *internal(reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));
     Instance *internal(reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));

-    id self(internal->GetValue());
+    id self(internal->value_);

     if (!CYIsClass(self))
         return CYJSUndefined(context);
     return CYGetClassPrototype(context, self);
     if (!CYIsClass(self))
         return CYJSUndefined(context);
     return CYGetClassPrototype(context, self);

-} CYCatch }
+} CYCatch(NULL) }

 
 

-static JSValueRef Instance_getProperty_messages(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property, JSValueRef *exception) {
+static JSValueRef Instance_getProperty_messages(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property, JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {

     Instance *internal(reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));
     Instance *internal(reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));

-    id self(internal->GetValue());
+    id self(internal->value_);

     if (!CYIsClass(self))
         return CYJSUndefined(context);
     return Messages::Make(context, (Class) self);
     if (!CYIsClass(self))
         return CYJSUndefined(context);
     return Messages::Make(context, (Class) self);

-}
+} CYCatch(NULL) }

 
 static JSValueRef Instance_callAsFunction_toCYON(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObjectRef _this, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
 
 static JSValueRef Instance_callAsFunction_toCYON(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObjectRef _this, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {

-    if (!JSValueIsObjectOfClass(context, _this, Instance_))
+    std::set<void *> *objects(CYCastObjects(context, _this, count, arguments));
+
+    if (!CYJSValueIsNSObject(context, _this))

         return NULL;
 
     Instance *internal(reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(_this)));
         return NULL;
 
     Instance *internal(reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(_this)));

-    return CYCastJSValue(context, CYJSString(context, CYCastNSCYON(internal->GetValue())));
-} CYCatch }
+    return CYCastJSValue(context, CYJSString(context, CYCastNSCYON(internal->value_, false, objects)));
+} CYCatch(NULL) }

 
 static JSValueRef Instance_callAsFunction_toJSON(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObjectRef _this, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
 
 static JSValueRef Instance_callAsFunction_toJSON(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObjectRef _this, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {

-    if (!JSValueIsObjectOfClass(context, _this, Instance_))
+    if (!CYJSValueIsNSObject(context, _this))

         return NULL;
 
     Instance *internal(reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(_this)));
         return NULL;
 
     Instance *internal(reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(_this)));

+    id value(internal->value_);

 
     CYPoolTry {
         NSString *key;
 
     CYPoolTry {
         NSString *key;


@@ -2174,39 +2557,73 @@ static JSValueRef Instance_callAsFunction_toJSON(JSContextRef context, JSObjectR
             key = nil;
         else
             key = CYCastNSString(NULL, context, CYJSString(context, arguments[0]));
             key = nil;
         else
             key = CYCastNSString(NULL, context, CYJSString(context, arguments[0]));

-        // XXX: check for support of cy$toJSON?
-        return CYCastJSValue(context, CYJSString(context, [internal->GetValue() cy$toJSON:key]));
+
+        if (!CYImplements(value, object_getClass(value), @selector(cy$toJSON:inContext:)))
+            return CYJSUndefined(context);
+        else if (JSValueRef json = [value cy$toJSON:key inContext:context])
+            return json;
+        else
+            return CYCastJSValue(context, CYJSString(context, [value description]));

     } CYPoolCatch(NULL)
     } CYPoolCatch(NULL)

-} CYCatch return /*XXX*/ NULL; }
+} CYCatch(NULL) return /*XXX*/ NULL; }

 
 static JSValueRef Instance_callAsFunction_valueOf(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObjectRef _this, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
 
 static JSValueRef Instance_callAsFunction_valueOf(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObjectRef _this, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {

-    if (!JSValueIsObjectOfClass(context, _this, Instance_))
+    if (!CYJSValueIsNSObject(context, _this))

         return NULL;
 
     Instance *internal(reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(_this)));
         return NULL;
 
     Instance *internal(reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(_this)));

-    return CYCastJSValue(context, reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(internal->GetValue()));
-} CYCatch return /*XXX*/ NULL; }
+    id value(internal->value_);
+    _assert(value != nil);

 
 

-static JSValueRef Instance_callAsFunction_toString(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObjectRef _this, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
-    if (!JSValueIsObjectOfClass(context, _this, Instance_))
+    if (![value respondsToSelector:@selector(cy$valueOfInContext:)])
+        return _this;
+
+    if (JSValueRef result = [value cy$valueOfInContext:context])
+        return result;
+
+    return _this;
+} CYCatch(NULL) return /*XXX*/ NULL; }
+
+static JSValueRef Instance_callAsFunction_toPointer(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObjectRef _this, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
+    if (!CYJSValueIsNSObject(context, _this))

         return NULL;
 
     Instance *internal(reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(_this)));
         return NULL;
 
     Instance *internal(reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(_this)));

+    // XXX: but... but... THIS ISN'T A POINTER! :(
+    return CYCastJSValue(context, reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(internal->value_));
+} CYCatch(NULL) return /*XXX*/ NULL; }

 
 

-    id value(internal->GetValue());
-    if (value == nil)
-        return CYCastJSValue(context, "nil");
+static JSValueRef Instance_callAsFunction_toString(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObjectRef _this, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
+    if (!CYJSValueIsNSObject(context, _this))
+        return NULL;
+
+    Instance *internal(reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(_this)));
+    id value(internal->value_);

 
     CYPoolTry {
         // XXX: this seems like a stupid implementation; what if it crashes? why not use the CYONifier backend?
 
     CYPoolTry {
         // XXX: this seems like a stupid implementation; what if it crashes? why not use the CYONifier backend?

-        return CYCastJSValue(context, CYJSString(context, [internal->GetValue() description]));
+        return CYCastJSValue(context, CYJSString(context, [value description]));

     } CYPoolCatch(NULL)
     } CYPoolCatch(NULL)

-} CYCatch return /*XXX*/ NULL; }
+} CYCatch(NULL) return /*XXX*/ NULL; }
+
+static JSValueRef Class_callAsFunction_pointerTo(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObjectRef _this, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
+    if (!CYJSValueIsNSObject(context, _this))
+        return NULL;
+
+    Instance *internal(reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(_this)));
+    id value(internal->value_);
+
+    if (!CYIsClass(value))
+        CYThrow("non-Class object cannot be used as Type");
+
+    sig::Object type(class_getName(value));
+    return CYMakeType(context, type);
+} CYCatch(NULL) return /*XXX*/ NULL; }

 
 static JSValueRef Selector_callAsFunction_toString(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObjectRef _this, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
     Selector_privateData *internal(reinterpret_cast<Selector_privateData *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(_this)));
 
 static JSValueRef Selector_callAsFunction_toString(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObjectRef _this, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
     Selector_privateData *internal(reinterpret_cast<Selector_privateData *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(_this)));

-    return CYCastJSValue(context, sel_getName(internal->GetValue()));
-} CYCatch }
+    return CYCastJSValue(context, sel_getName(internal->value_));
+} CYCatch(NULL) }

 
 static JSValueRef Selector_callAsFunction_toJSON(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObjectRef _this, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) {
     return Selector_callAsFunction_toString(context, object, _this, count, arguments, exception);
 
 static JSValueRef Selector_callAsFunction_toJSON(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObjectRef _this, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) {
     return Selector_callAsFunction_toString(context, object, _this, count, arguments, exception);


@@ -2214,13 +2631,13 @@ static JSValueRef Selector_callAsFunction_toJSON(JSContextRef context, JSObjectR
 
 static JSValueRef Selector_callAsFunction_toCYON(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObjectRef _this, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
     Selector_privateData *internal(reinterpret_cast<Selector_privateData *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(_this)));
 
 static JSValueRef Selector_callAsFunction_toCYON(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObjectRef _this, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
     Selector_privateData *internal(reinterpret_cast<Selector_privateData *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(_this)));

-    const char *name(sel_getName(internal->GetValue()));
+    const char *name(sel_getName(internal->value_));

 
     CYPoolTry {
         NSString *string([NSString stringWithFormat:@"@selector(%s)", name]);
         return CYCastJSValue(context, CYJSString(context, string));
     } CYPoolCatch(NULL)
 
     CYPoolTry {
         NSString *string([NSString stringWithFormat:@"@selector(%s)", name]);
         return CYCastJSValue(context, CYJSString(context, string));
     } CYPoolCatch(NULL)

-} CYCatch return /*XXX*/ NULL; }
+} CYCatch(NULL) return /*XXX*/ NULL; }

 
 static JSValueRef Selector_callAsFunction_type(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObjectRef _this, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
     if (count != 1)
 
 static JSValueRef Selector_callAsFunction_type(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObjectRef _this, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
     if (count != 1)


@@ -2228,44 +2645,56 @@ static JSValueRef Selector_callAsFunction_type(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef
 
     CYPool pool;
     Selector_privateData *internal(reinterpret_cast<Selector_privateData *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(_this)));
 
     CYPool pool;
     Selector_privateData *internal(reinterpret_cast<Selector_privateData *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(_this)));

-    SEL sel(internal->GetValue());
-
-    objc_method *method;
-    if (Class _class = CYCastClass(pool, context, arguments[0]))
-        method = class_getInstanceMethod(_class, sel);
-    else
-        method = NULL;
+    SEL sel(internal->value_);

 
 

-    if (const char *type = CYPoolTypeEncoding(pool, context, sel, method))
-        return CYCastJSValue(context, CYJSString(type));
+    Class _class(_require(CYCastClass(pool, context, arguments[0])));
+    objc_method *method(_require(class_getInstanceMethod(_class, sel)));
+    const char *encoding(method_getTypeEncoding(method));

 
 

-    return CYJSNull(context);
-} CYCatch }
+    sig::Function type(false);
+    sig::Parse(pool, &type.signature, encoding, &Structor_);
+    return CYMakeType(context, type);
+} CYCatch(NULL) }

 
 static JSStaticValue Selector_staticValues[2] = {
 
 static JSStaticValue Selector_staticValues[2] = {

-    {"value", &CYValue_getProperty_value, NULL, kJSPropertyAttributeReadOnly | kJSPropertyAttributeDontDelete},
+    {"$cyt", &Selector_getProperty_$cyt, NULL, kJSPropertyAttributeReadOnly | kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum | kJSPropertyAttributeDontDelete},

     {NULL, NULL, NULL, 0}
 };
 
 static JSStaticValue Instance_staticValues[5] = {
     {NULL, NULL, NULL, 0}
 };
 
 static JSStaticValue Instance_staticValues[5] = {

+    {"$cyt", &Instance_getProperty_$cyt, NULL, kJSPropertyAttributeReadOnly | kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum | kJSPropertyAttributeDontDelete},
+    // XXX: this is sadly duplicated in FunctionInstance_staticValues

     {"constructor", &Instance_getProperty_constructor, NULL, kJSPropertyAttributeReadOnly | kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum | kJSPropertyAttributeDontDelete},
     {"messages", &Instance_getProperty_messages, NULL, kJSPropertyAttributeReadOnly | kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum | kJSPropertyAttributeDontDelete},
     {"constructor", &Instance_getProperty_constructor, NULL, kJSPropertyAttributeReadOnly | kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum | kJSPropertyAttributeDontDelete},
     {"messages", &Instance_getProperty_messages, NULL, kJSPropertyAttributeReadOnly | kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum | kJSPropertyAttributeDontDelete},

-    {"prototype", &Instance_getProperty_protocol, NULL, kJSPropertyAttributeReadOnly | kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum | kJSPropertyAttributeDontDelete},
-    {"value", &CYValue_getProperty_value, NULL, kJSPropertyAttributeReadOnly | kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum | kJSPropertyAttributeDontDelete},
+    {"prototype", &Instance_getProperty_prototype, NULL, kJSPropertyAttributeReadOnly | kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum | kJSPropertyAttributeDontDelete},
+    {NULL, NULL, NULL, 0}
+};
+
+static JSStaticValue FunctionInstance_staticValues[5] = {
+    {"$cyt", &FunctionInstance_getProperty_$cyt, NULL, kJSPropertyAttributeReadOnly | kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum | kJSPropertyAttributeDontDelete},
+    // XXX: this is sadly a duplicate of Instance_staticValues
+    {"constructor", &Instance_getProperty_constructor, NULL, kJSPropertyAttributeReadOnly | kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum | kJSPropertyAttributeDontDelete},
+    {"messages", &Instance_getProperty_messages, NULL, kJSPropertyAttributeReadOnly | kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum | kJSPropertyAttributeDontDelete},
+    {"prototype", &Instance_getProperty_prototype, NULL, kJSPropertyAttributeReadOnly | kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum | kJSPropertyAttributeDontDelete},

     {NULL, NULL, NULL, 0}
 };
 
 static JSStaticFunction Instance_staticFunctions[6] = {
     {NULL, NULL, NULL, 0}
 };
 
 static JSStaticFunction Instance_staticFunctions[6] = {

-    {"$cya", &CYValue_callAsFunction_$cya, kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum | kJSPropertyAttributeDontDelete},

     {"toCYON", &Instance_callAsFunction_toCYON, kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum | kJSPropertyAttributeDontDelete},
     {"toJSON", &Instance_callAsFunction_toJSON, kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum | kJSPropertyAttributeDontDelete},
     {"valueOf", &Instance_callAsFunction_valueOf, kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum | kJSPropertyAttributeDontDelete},
     {"toCYON", &Instance_callAsFunction_toCYON, kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum | kJSPropertyAttributeDontDelete},
     {"toJSON", &Instance_callAsFunction_toJSON, kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum | kJSPropertyAttributeDontDelete},
     {"valueOf", &Instance_callAsFunction_valueOf, kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum | kJSPropertyAttributeDontDelete},

+    {"toPointer", &Instance_callAsFunction_toPointer, kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum | kJSPropertyAttributeDontDelete},

     {"toString", &Instance_callAsFunction_toString, kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum | kJSPropertyAttributeDontDelete},
     {NULL, NULL, 0}
 };
 
     {"toString", &Instance_callAsFunction_toString, kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum | kJSPropertyAttributeDontDelete},
     {NULL, NULL, 0}
 };
 

-static JSStaticFunction Internal_staticFunctions[2] = {
-    {"$cya", &Internal_callAsFunction_$cya, kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum | kJSPropertyAttributeDontDelete},
+static JSStaticFunction Class_staticFunctions[2] = {
+    {"pointerTo", &Class_callAsFunction_pointerTo, kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum | kJSPropertyAttributeDontDelete},
+    {NULL, NULL, 0}
+};
+
+static JSStaticFunction Interior_staticFunctions[2] = {
+    {"$cya", &Interior_callAsFunction_$cya, kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum | kJSPropertyAttributeDontDelete},

     {NULL, NULL, 0}
 };
 
     {NULL, NULL, 0}
 };
 


@@ -2277,25 +2706,36 @@ static JSStaticFunction Selector_staticFunctions[5] = {
     {NULL, NULL, 0}
 };
 
     {NULL, NULL, 0}
 };
 

-void CYObjectiveC_Initialize() { /*XXX*/ JSContextRef context(NULL); CYPoolTry {
-    apr_pool_t *pool(CYGetGlobalPool());
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+JSValueRef NSCFType$cy$toJSON$inContext$(id self, SEL sel, JSValueRef key, JSContextRef context) { CYObjectiveTry_ {
+    return CYCastJSValue(context, [(NSString *) CFCopyDescription((CFTypeRef) self) autorelease]);
+} CYObjectiveCatch }
+#endif

 
 

-    Object_type = new(pool) Type_privateData("@");
-    Selector_type = new(pool) Type_privateData(":");
+void CYObjectiveC_Initialize() { /*XXX*/ JSContextRef context(NULL); CYPoolTry {
+    NSArray_ = objc_getClass("NSArray");
+    NSBlock_ = objc_getClass("NSBlock");
+    NSDictionary_ = objc_getClass("NSDictionary");
+    NSNumber_ = objc_getClass("NSNumber");
+    NSString_ = objc_getClass("NSString");
+    Object_ = objc_getClass("Object");

 
 #ifdef __APPLE__
 
 #ifdef __APPLE__

-    NSCFBoolean_ = objc_getClass("NSCFBoolean");
+    __NSMallocBlock__ = objc_getClass("__NSMallocBlock__");
+
+    // XXX: apparently, iOS now has both of these
+    NSCFBoolean_ = objc_getClass("__NSCFBoolean");
+    if (NSCFBoolean_ == nil)
+        NSCFBoolean_ = objc_getClass("NSCFBoolean");
+

     NSCFType_ = objc_getClass("NSCFType");
     NSCFType_ = objc_getClass("NSCFType");

-    NSMessageBuilder_ = objc_getClass("NSMessageBuilder");
+

     NSZombie_ = objc_getClass("_NSZombie_");
 #else
     NSBoolNumber_ = objc_getClass("NSBoolNumber");
     NSZombie_ = objc_getClass("_NSZombie_");
 #else
     NSBoolNumber_ = objc_getClass("NSBoolNumber");

+    NSZombie_ = objc_getClass("NSZombie");

 #endif
 
 #endif
 

-    NSArray_ = objc_getClass("NSArray");
-    NSDictionary_ = objc_getClass("NSDictionary");
-    Object_ = objc_getClass("Object");
-

     JSClassDefinition definition;
 
     definition = kJSClassDefinitionEmpty;
     JSClassDefinition definition;
 
     definition = kJSClassDefinitionEmpty;


@@ -2310,36 +2750,59 @@ void CYObjectiveC_Initialize() { /*XXX*/ JSContextRef context(NULL); CYPoolTry {
     definition.callAsConstructor = &Instance_callAsConstructor;
     definition.hasInstance = &Instance_hasInstance;
     definition.finalize = &CYFinalize;
     definition.callAsConstructor = &Instance_callAsConstructor;
     definition.hasInstance = &Instance_hasInstance;
     definition.finalize = &CYFinalize;

-    Instance_ = JSClassCreate(&definition);
+    Instance::Class_ = JSClassCreate(&definition);
+
+    definition.className = "ArrayInstance";
+    ArrayInstance_ = JSClassCreate(&definition);
+
+    definition.className = "BooleanInstance";
+    BooleanInstance_ = JSClassCreate(&definition);
+
+    definition.className = "NumberInstance";
+    NumberInstance_ = JSClassCreate(&definition);
+
+    definition.className = "ObjectInstance";
+    ObjectInstance_ = JSClassCreate(&definition);
+
+    definition.className = "StringInstance";
+    StringInstance_ = JSClassCreate(&definition);
+
+    definition.className = "FunctionInstance";
+    definition.staticValues = FunctionInstance_staticValues;
+    definition.callAsFunction = &FunctionInstance_callAsFunction;
+    FunctionInstance_ = JSClassCreate(&definition);

 
     definition = kJSClassDefinitionEmpty;
 
     definition = kJSClassDefinitionEmpty;

-    definition.className = "Internal";
-    definition.staticFunctions = Internal_staticFunctions;
-    definition.hasProperty = &Internal_hasProperty;
-    definition.getProperty = &Internal_getProperty;
-    definition.setProperty = &Internal_setProperty;
-    definition.getPropertyNames = &Internal_getPropertyNames;
+    definition.className = "Class";
+    definition.staticFunctions = Class_staticFunctions;
+    ClassInstance_ = JSClassCreate(&definition);
+
+    definition = kJSClassDefinitionEmpty;
+    definition.className = "Interior";
+    definition.staticFunctions = Interior_staticFunctions;
+    definition.hasProperty = &Interior_hasProperty;
+    definition.getProperty = &Interior_getProperty;
+    definition.setProperty = &Interior_setProperty;
+    definition.getPropertyNames = &Interior_getPropertyNames;

     definition.finalize = &CYFinalize;
     definition.finalize = &CYFinalize;

-    Internal_ = JSClassCreate(&definition);
+    Interior::Class_ = JSClassCreate(&definition);

 
     definition = kJSClassDefinitionEmpty;
     definition.className = "Message";
     definition.staticFunctions = cy::Functor::StaticFunctions;
 
     definition = kJSClassDefinitionEmpty;
     definition.className = "Message";
     definition.staticFunctions = cy::Functor::StaticFunctions;

+    definition.staticValues = cy::Functor::StaticValues;

     definition.callAsFunction = &Message_callAsFunction;
     definition.finalize = &CYFinalize;
     definition.callAsFunction = &Message_callAsFunction;
     definition.finalize = &CYFinalize;

-    Message_ = JSClassCreate(&definition);
+    Message_privateData::Class_ = JSClassCreate(&definition);

 
     definition = kJSClassDefinitionEmpty;
     definition.className = "Messages";
     definition.hasProperty = &Messages_hasProperty;
     definition.getProperty = &Messages_getProperty;
     definition.setProperty = &Messages_setProperty;
 
     definition = kJSClassDefinitionEmpty;
     definition.className = "Messages";
     definition.hasProperty = &Messages_hasProperty;
     definition.getProperty = &Messages_getProperty;
     definition.setProperty = &Messages_setProperty;

-#if 0 && OBJC_API_VERSION < 2
-    definition.deleteProperty = &Messages_deleteProperty;
-#endif

     definition.getPropertyNames = &Messages_getPropertyNames;
     definition.finalize = &CYFinalize;
     definition.getPropertyNames = &Messages_getPropertyNames;
     definition.finalize = &CYFinalize;

-    Messages_ = JSClassCreate(&definition);
+    Messages::Class_ = JSClassCreate(&definition);

 
     definition = kJSClassDefinitionEmpty;
     definition.className = "Selector";
 
     definition = kJSClassDefinitionEmpty;
     definition.className = "Selector";


@@ -2347,21 +2810,27 @@ void CYObjectiveC_Initialize() { /*XXX*/ JSContextRef context(NULL); CYPoolTry {
     definition.staticFunctions = Selector_staticFunctions;
     definition.callAsFunction = &Selector_callAsFunction;
     definition.finalize = &CYFinalize;
     definition.staticFunctions = Selector_staticFunctions;
     definition.callAsFunction = &Selector_callAsFunction;
     definition.finalize = &CYFinalize;

-    Selector_ = JSClassCreate(&definition);
+    Selector_privateData::Class_ = JSClassCreate(&definition);

 
     definition = kJSClassDefinitionEmpty;
     definition.className = "Super";
 
     definition = kJSClassDefinitionEmpty;
     definition.className = "Super";

-    definition.staticFunctions = Internal_staticFunctions;

     definition.finalize = &CYFinalize;
     definition.finalize = &CYFinalize;

-    Super_ = JSClassCreate(&definition);
+    cy::Super::Class_ = JSClassCreate(&definition);

 
     definition = kJSClassDefinitionEmpty;
     definition.className = "ObjectiveC::Classes";
 
     definition = kJSClassDefinitionEmpty;
     definition.className = "ObjectiveC::Classes";

+    definition.hasProperty = &ObjectiveC_Classes_hasProperty;

     definition.getProperty = &ObjectiveC_Classes_getProperty;
     definition.getPropertyNames = &ObjectiveC_Classes_getPropertyNames;
     ObjectiveC_Classes_ = JSClassCreate(&definition);
 
     definition.getProperty = &ObjectiveC_Classes_getProperty;
     definition.getPropertyNames = &ObjectiveC_Classes_getPropertyNames;
     ObjectiveC_Classes_ = JSClassCreate(&definition);
 

-#if OBJC_API_VERSION >= 2
+    definition = kJSClassDefinitionEmpty;
+    definition.className = "ObjectiveC::Constants";
+    definition.getProperty = &ObjectiveC_Constants_getProperty;
+    definition.getPropertyNames = &ObjectiveC_Constants_getPropertyNames;
+    ObjectiveC_Constants_ = JSClassCreate(&definition);
+
+#ifdef __APPLE__

     definition = kJSClassDefinitionEmpty;
     definition.className = "ObjectiveC::Images";
     definition.getProperty = &ObjectiveC_Images_getProperty;
     definition = kJSClassDefinitionEmpty;
     definition.className = "ObjectiveC::Images";
     definition.getProperty = &ObjectiveC_Images_getProperty;


@@ -2381,12 +2850,15 @@ void CYObjectiveC_Initialize() { /*XXX*/ JSContextRef context(NULL); CYPoolTry {
     definition.getPropertyNames = &ObjectiveC_Protocols_getPropertyNames;
     ObjectiveC_Protocols_ = JSClassCreate(&definition);
 
     definition.getPropertyNames = &ObjectiveC_Protocols_getPropertyNames;
     ObjectiveC_Protocols_ = JSClassCreate(&definition);
 

-#if defined(__APPLE__) && defined(__arm__)
-    MSHookFunction(&objc_registerClassPair, MSHake(objc_registerClassPair));
-#endif
-

 #ifdef __APPLE__
 #ifdef __APPLE__

-    class_addMethod(NSCFType_, @selector(cy$toJSON:), reinterpret_cast<IMP>(&NSCFType$cy$toJSON), "@12@0:4@8");
+    class_addMethod(NSCFType_, @selector(cy$toJSON:inContext:), reinterpret_cast<IMP>(&NSCFType$cy$toJSON$inContext$),
+        // XXX: this is horrible; there has to be a better way to do this
+    #ifdef __LP64__
+        "^{OpaqueJSValue=}32@0:8@16^{OpaqueJSContext=}24"
+    #else
+        "^{OpaqueJSValue=}16@0:4@8^{OpaqueJSContext=}12"
+    #endif
+    );

 #endif
 } CYPoolCatch() }
 
 #endif
 } CYPoolCatch() }
 


@@ -2395,53 +2867,139 @@ void CYObjectiveC_SetupContext(JSContextRef context) { CYPoolTry {
     JSObjectRef cy(CYCastJSObject(context, CYGetProperty(context, global, cy_s)));
     JSObjectRef cycript(CYCastJSObject(context, CYGetProperty(context, global, CYJSString("Cycript"))));
     JSObjectRef all(CYCastJSObject(context, CYGetProperty(context, cycript, CYJSString("all"))));
     JSObjectRef cy(CYCastJSObject(context, CYGetProperty(context, global, cy_s)));
     JSObjectRef cycript(CYCastJSObject(context, CYGetProperty(context, global, CYJSString("Cycript"))));
     JSObjectRef all(CYCastJSObject(context, CYGetProperty(context, cycript, CYJSString("all"))));

+    JSObjectRef alls(CYCastJSObject(context, CYGetProperty(context, cycript, CYJSString("alls"))));

 
     JSObjectRef ObjectiveC(JSObjectMake(context, NULL, NULL));
     CYSetProperty(context, cycript, CYJSString("ObjectiveC"), ObjectiveC);
 
 
     JSObjectRef ObjectiveC(JSObjectMake(context, NULL, NULL));
     CYSetProperty(context, cycript, CYJSString("ObjectiveC"), ObjectiveC);
 

-    CYSetProperty(context, ObjectiveC, CYJSString("classes"), JSObjectMake(context, ObjectiveC_Classes_, NULL));
-    CYSetProperty(context, ObjectiveC, CYJSString("protocols"), JSObjectMake(context, ObjectiveC_Protocols_, NULL));
+    JSObjectRef protocols(JSObjectMake(context, ObjectiveC_Protocols_, NULL));
+    CYSetProperty(context, ObjectiveC, CYJSString("protocols"), protocols);
+    CYArrayPush(context, alls, protocols);
+
+    JSObjectRef classes(JSObjectMake(context, ObjectiveC_Classes_, NULL));
+    CYSetProperty(context, ObjectiveC, CYJSString("classes"), classes);
+    CYArrayPush(context, alls, classes);

 
 

-#if OBJC_API_VERSION >= 2
+    JSObjectRef constants(JSObjectMake(context, ObjectiveC_Constants_, NULL));
+    CYSetProperty(context, ObjectiveC, CYJSString("constants"), constants);
+    CYArrayPush(context, alls, constants);
+
+#ifdef __APPLE__

     CYSetProperty(context, ObjectiveC, CYJSString("images"), JSObjectMake(context, ObjectiveC_Images_, NULL));
 #endif
 
     CYSetProperty(context, ObjectiveC, CYJSString("images"), JSObjectMake(context, ObjectiveC_Images_, NULL));
 #endif
 

-    JSObjectRef Instance(JSObjectMakeConstructor(context, Instance_, &Instance_new));
-    JSObjectRef Message(JSObjectMakeConstructor(context, Message_, NULL));
-    JSObjectRef Selector(JSObjectMakeConstructor(context, Selector_, &Selector_new));
-    JSObjectRef Super(JSObjectMakeConstructor(context, Super_, &Super_new));
+    JSObjectRef Message(JSObjectMakeConstructor(context, Message_privateData::Class_, NULL));
+    JSObjectRef Selector(JSObjectMakeConstructor(context, Selector_privateData::Class_, &Selector_new));
+    JSObjectRef Super(JSObjectMakeConstructor(context, cy::Super::Class_, &Super_new));

 
 

+    JSObjectRef Instance(JSObjectMakeConstructor(context, Instance::Class_, &Instance_new));

     JSObjectRef Instance_prototype(CYCastJSObject(context, CYGetProperty(context, Instance, prototype_s)));
     CYSetProperty(context, cy, CYJSString("Instance_prototype"), Instance_prototype);
 
     JSObjectRef Instance_prototype(CYCastJSObject(context, CYGetProperty(context, Instance, prototype_s)));
     CYSetProperty(context, cy, CYJSString("Instance_prototype"), Instance_prototype);
 

+    JSObjectRef ArrayInstance(JSObjectMakeConstructor(context, ArrayInstance_, NULL));
+    JSObjectRef ArrayInstance_prototype(CYCastJSObject(context, CYGetProperty(context, ArrayInstance, prototype_s)));
+    CYSetProperty(context, cy, CYJSString("ArrayInstance_prototype"), ArrayInstance_prototype);
+    JSObjectRef Array_prototype(CYGetCachedObject(context, CYJSString("Array_prototype")));
+    CYSetPrototype(context, ArrayInstance_prototype, Array_prototype);
+
+    JSObjectRef BooleanInstance(JSObjectMakeConstructor(context, BooleanInstance_, NULL));
+    JSObjectRef BooleanInstance_prototype(CYCastJSObject(context, CYGetProperty(context, BooleanInstance, prototype_s)));
+    CYSetProperty(context, cy, CYJSString("BooleanInstance_prototype"), BooleanInstance_prototype);
+    JSObjectRef Boolean_prototype(CYGetCachedObject(context, CYJSString("Boolean_prototype")));
+    CYSetPrototype(context, BooleanInstance_prototype, Boolean_prototype);
+
+    JSObjectRef ClassInstance(JSObjectMakeConstructor(context, ClassInstance_, NULL));
+    JSObjectRef ClassInstance_prototype(CYCastJSObject(context, CYGetProperty(context, ClassInstance, prototype_s)));
+    CYSetProperty(context, cy, CYJSString("ClassInstance_prototype"), ClassInstance_prototype);
+    // XXX: this doesn't fit the pattern of the other ones; maybe it sort of should?
+    CYSetPrototype(context, ClassInstance_prototype, Instance_prototype);
+
+    JSObjectRef FunctionInstance(JSObjectMakeConstructor(context, FunctionInstance_, NULL));
+    JSObjectRef FunctionInstance_prototype(CYCastJSObject(context, CYGetProperty(context, FunctionInstance, prototype_s)));
+    CYSetProperty(context, cy, CYJSString("FunctionInstance_prototype"), FunctionInstance_prototype);
+    JSObjectRef Function_prototype(CYGetCachedObject(context, CYJSString("Function_prototype")));
+    CYSetPrototype(context, FunctionInstance_prototype, Function_prototype);
+
+    JSObjectRef NumberInstance(JSObjectMakeConstructor(context, NumberInstance_, NULL));
+    JSObjectRef NumberInstance_prototype(CYCastJSObject(context, CYGetProperty(context, NumberInstance, prototype_s)));
+    CYSetProperty(context, cy, CYJSString("NumberInstance_prototype"), NumberInstance_prototype);
+    JSObjectRef Number_prototype(CYGetCachedObject(context, CYJSString("Number_prototype")));
+    CYSetPrototype(context, NumberInstance_prototype, Number_prototype);
+
+    JSObjectRef ObjectInstance(JSObjectMakeConstructor(context, ObjectInstance_, NULL));
+    JSObjectRef ObjectInstance_prototype(CYCastJSObject(context, CYGetProperty(context, ObjectInstance, prototype_s)));
+    CYSetProperty(context, cy, CYJSString("ObjectInstance_prototype"), ObjectInstance_prototype);
+    JSObjectRef Object_prototype(CYGetCachedObject(context, CYJSString("Object_prototype")));
+    CYSetPrototype(context, ObjectInstance_prototype, Object_prototype);
+
+    JSObjectRef StringInstance(JSObjectMakeConstructor(context, StringInstance_, NULL));
+    JSObjectRef StringInstance_prototype(CYCastJSObject(context, CYGetProperty(context, StringInstance, prototype_s)));
+    CYSetProperty(context, cy, CYJSString("StringInstance_prototype"), StringInstance_prototype);
+    JSObjectRef String_prototype(CYGetCachedObject(context, CYJSString("String_prototype")));
+    CYSetPrototype(context, StringInstance_prototype, String_prototype);
+

     CYSetProperty(context, cycript, CYJSString("Instance"), Instance);
     CYSetProperty(context, cycript, CYJSString("Selector"), Selector);
     CYSetProperty(context, cycript, CYJSString("Instance"), Instance);
     CYSetProperty(context, cycript, CYJSString("Selector"), Selector);

-    CYSetProperty(context, cycript, CYJSString("Super"), Super);
+    CYSetProperty(context, cycript, CYJSString("objc_super"), Super);
+
+    JSObjectRef box(JSObjectMakeFunctionWithCallback(context, CYJSString("box"), &Instance_box_callAsFunction));
+    CYSetProperty(context, Instance, CYJSString("box"), box, kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum);

 
 

-#if defined(__APPLE__) && defined(__arm__)
-    CYSetProperty(context, all, CYJSString("objc_registerClassPair"), &objc_registerClassPair_, kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum);
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+    CYSetProperty(context, all, CYJSString("choose"), &choose, kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum);

 #endif
 
     CYSetProperty(context, all, CYJSString("objc_msgSend"), &$objc_msgSend, kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum);
 
 #endif
 
     CYSetProperty(context, all, CYJSString("objc_msgSend"), &$objc_msgSend, kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum);
 

-    JSObjectRef Function_prototype(CYGetCachedObject(context, CYJSString("Function_prototype")));
-    JSObjectSetPrototype(context, CYCastJSObject(context, CYGetProperty(context, Message, prototype_s)), Function_prototype);
-    JSObjectSetPrototype(context, CYCastJSObject(context, CYGetProperty(context, Selector, prototype_s)), Function_prototype);
+    CYSetPrototype(context, CYCastJSObject(context, CYGetProperty(context, Message, prototype_s)), Function_prototype);
+    CYSetPrototype(context, CYCastJSObject(context, CYGetProperty(context, Selector, prototype_s)), Function_prototype);
+
+    JSObjectRef cache(CYGetCachedObject(context, CYJSString("cache")));
+    CYSetProperty(context, cache, CYJSString("YES"), JSValueMakeBoolean(context, true), kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum);
+    CYSetProperty(context, cache, CYJSString("NO"), JSValueMakeBoolean(context, false), kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum);
+    CYSetProperty(context, cache, CYJSString("id"), CYMakeType(context, sig::Object()), kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum);
+    CYSetProperty(context, cache, CYJSString("Class"), CYMakeType(context, sig::Meta()), kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum);
+    CYSetProperty(context, cache, CYJSString("SEL"), CYMakeType(context, sig::Selector()), kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum);

 } CYPoolCatch() }
 
 } CYPoolCatch() }
 

-static CYHooks CYObjectiveCHooks = {
+static void *CYObjectiveC_CastSymbol(const char *name) {
+    if (false);
+#ifdef __GNU_LIBOBJC__
+    else if (strcmp(name, "object_getClass") == 0)
+        return reinterpret_cast<void *>(&object_getClass);
+#endif
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+static CYHook CYObjectiveCHook = {

     &CYObjectiveC_ExecuteStart,
     &CYObjectiveC_ExecuteEnd,
     &CYObjectiveC_ExecuteStart,
     &CYObjectiveC_ExecuteEnd,

-    &CYObjectiveC_RuntimeProperty,

     &CYObjectiveC_CallFunction,
     &CYObjectiveC_Initialize,
     &CYObjectiveC_SetupContext,
     &CYObjectiveC_CallFunction,
     &CYObjectiveC_Initialize,
     &CYObjectiveC_SetupContext,

-    &CYObjectiveC_PoolFFI,
-    &CYObjectiveC_FromFFI,
+    &CYObjectiveC_CastSymbol,

 };
 
 };
 

-struct CYObjectiveC {
-    CYObjectiveC() {
-        hooks_ = &CYObjectiveCHooks;
-    }
-} CYObjectiveC;
+CYRegisterHook CYObjectiveC(&CYObjectiveCHook);
+
+_extern void CydgetSetupContext(JSGlobalContextRef context) { CYObjectiveTry_ {
+    CYSetupContext(context);
+} CYObjectiveCatch }
+
+_extern void CydgetMemoryParse(const uint16_t **data, size_t *size) { try {
+    CYPool pool;
+
+    CYUTF8String utf8(CYPoolUTF8String(pool, CYUTF16String(*data, *size)));
+    utf8 = CYPoolCode(pool, utf8);
+
+    CYUTF16String utf16(CYPoolUTF16String(pool, CYUTF8String(utf8.data, utf8.size)));
+    size_t bytes(utf16.size * sizeof(uint16_t));
+    uint16_t *copy(reinterpret_cast<uint16_t *>(malloc(bytes)));
+    memcpy(copy, utf16.data, bytes);
+
+    *data = copy;
+    *size = utf16.size;
+} catch (const CYException &exception) {
+    CYPool pool;
+    @throw [NSException exceptionWithName:NSRangeException reason:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%s", exception.PoolCString(pool)] userInfo:nil];
+} }