Replace.cpp

   1 /* Cycript - The Truly Universal Scripting Language
   2  * Copyright (C) 2009-2016  Jay Freeman (saurik)
   3 */
   4
   5 /* GNU Affero General Public License, Version 3 {{{ */
   6 /*
   7  * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   8  * it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by
   9  * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
  10  * (at your option) any later version.
  11
  12  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  13  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  14  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  15  * GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
  16
  17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
  18  * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  19 **/
  20 /* }}} */
  21
  22 #include <iomanip>
  23 #include <map>
  24
  25 #include "Replace.hpp"
  26 #include "Syntax.hpp"
  27
  28 CYFunctionExpression *CYNonLocalize(CYContext &context, CYFunctionExpression *function) {
  29     function->nonlocal_ = context.nextlocal_;
  30     return function;
  31 }
  32
  33 CYFunctionExpression *CYSuperize(CYContext &context, CYFunctionExpression *function) {
  34     function->super_ = context.super_;
  35     return function;
  36 }
  37
  38 CYStatement *CYDefineProperty(CYExpression *object, CYExpression *name, bool configurable, bool enumerable, CYProperty *descriptor) {
  39     return $E($C3($M($V("Object"), $S("defineProperty")), object, name, $ CYObject(CYList<CYProperty>()
  40         ->* (configurable ? $ CYPropertyValue($S("configurable"), $ CYTrue()) : NULL)
  41         ->* (enumerable ? $ CYPropertyValue($S("enumerable"), $ CYTrue()) : NULL)
  42         ->* descriptor)));
  43 }
  44
  45 static void CYImplicitReturn(CYStatement *&code) {
  46     if (CYStatement *&last = CYGetLast(code))
  47         last = last->Return();
  48 }
  49
  50 CYExpression *CYAdd::Replace(CYContext &context) {
  51     CYInfix::Replace(context);
  52
  53     CYString *lhs(dynamic_cast<CYString *>(lhs_));
  54     CYString *rhs(dynamic_cast<CYString *>(rhs_));
  55
  56     if (lhs != NULL || rhs != NULL) {
  57         if (lhs == NULL) {
  58             lhs = lhs_->String(context);
  59             if (lhs == NULL)
  60                 return this;
  61         } else if (rhs == NULL) {
  62             rhs = rhs_->String(context);
  63             if (rhs == NULL)
  64                 return this;
  65         }
  66
  67         return lhs->Concat(context, rhs);
  68     }
  69
  70     if (CYNumber *lhn = lhs_->Number(context))
  71         if (CYNumber *rhn = rhs_->Number(context))
  72             return $D(lhn->Value() + rhn->Value());
  73
  74     return this;
  75 }
  76
  77 CYExpression *CYAddressOf::Replace(CYContext &context) {
  78     return $C0($M(rhs_, $S("$cya")));
  79 }
  80
  81 CYTarget *CYApply::AddArgument(CYContext &context, CYExpression *value) {
  82     CYArgument **argument(&arguments_);
  83     while (*argument != NULL)
  84         argument = &(*argument)->next_;
  85     *argument = $ CYArgument(value);
  86     return this;
  87 }
  88
  89 CYArgument *CYArgument::Replace(CYContext &context) { $T(NULL)
  90     context.Replace(value_);
  91     next_ = next_->Replace(context);
  92
  93     if (value_ == NULL) {
  94         if (next_ == NULL)
  95             return NULL;
  96         else
  97             value_ = $U;
  98     }
  99
 100     return this;
 101 }
 102
 103 CYTarget *CYArray::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 104     CYForEach (element, elements_)
 105         element->Replace(context);
 106     return this;
 107 }
 108
 109 CYTarget *CYArrayComprehension::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 110     CYIdentifier *cyv(context.Unique());
 111
 112     return $C0($F(NULL, $P1($B(cyv), comprehensions_->Parameters(context)), $$
 113         ->* $E($ CYAssign($V(cyv), $ CYArray()))
 114         ->* comprehensions_->Replace(context, $E($C1($M($V(cyv), $S("push")), expression_)))
 115         ->* $ CYReturn($V(cyv))
 116     ));
 117 }
 118
 119 CYExpression *CYAssignment::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 120     // XXX: this is a horrible hack but I'm a month over schedule :(
 121     if (CYSubscriptMember *subscript = dynamic_cast<CYSubscriptMember *>(lhs_))
 122         return $C2($M(subscript->object_, $S("$cys")), subscript->property_, rhs_);
 123     context.Replace(lhs_);
 124     context.Replace(rhs_);
 125     return this;
 126 }
 127
 128 CYStatement *CYBlock::Return() {
 129     CYImplicitReturn(code_);
 130     return this;
 131 }
 132
 133 CYStatement *CYBlock::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 134     CYScope scope(true, context);
 135     context.ReplaceAll(code_);
 136     scope.Close(context);
 137
 138     if (code_ == NULL)
 139         return $ CYEmpty();
 140     return this;
 141 }
 142
 143 CYStatement *CYBreak::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 144     return this;
 145 }
 146
 147 CYTarget *CYCall::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 148     context.Replace(function_);
 149     arguments_->Replace(context);
 150     return this;
 151 }
 152
 153 namespace cy {
 154 namespace Syntax {
 155
 156 void Catch::Replace(CYContext &context) { $T()
 157     CYScope scope(true, context);
 158
 159     name_ = name_->Replace(context, CYIdentifierCatch);
 160
 161     context.ReplaceAll(code_);
 162     scope.Close(context);
 163 }
 164
 165 } }
 166
 167 CYTarget *CYClassExpression::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 168     CYBuilder builder;
 169
 170     CYIdentifier *super(context.Unique());
 171
 172     CYIdentifier *old(context.super_);
 173     context.super_ = super;
 174
 175     CYIdentifier *constructor(context.Unique());
 176     CYForEach (member, tail_->static_)
 177         member->Replace(context, builder, $V(constructor), true);
 178
 179     CYIdentifier *prototype(context.Unique());
 180     CYForEach (member, tail_->instance_)
 181         member->Replace(context, builder, $V(prototype), true);
 182
 183     if (tail_->constructor_ == NULL)
 184         tail_->constructor_ = $ CYFunctionExpression(NULL, NULL, NULL);
 185     tail_->constructor_->name_ = name_;
 186     tail_->constructor_ = CYSuperize(context, tail_->constructor_);
 187
 188     context.super_ = old;
 189
 190     return $C1($ CYFunctionExpression(NULL, $P($B(super)), $$
 191         ->* $ CYVar($B1($B(constructor, tail_->constructor_)))
 192         ->* $ CYVar($B1($B(prototype, $ CYFunctionExpression(NULL, NULL, NULL))))
 193         ->* $E($ CYAssign($M($V(prototype), $S("prototype")), $M($V(super), $S("prototype"))))
 194         ->* $E($ CYAssign($V(prototype), $N($V(prototype))))
 195         ->* CYDefineProperty($V(prototype), $S("constructor"), false, false, $ CYPropertyValue($S("value"), $V(constructor)))
 196         ->* $ CYVar(builder.bindings_)
 197         ->* builder.statements_
 198         ->* CYDefineProperty($V(constructor), $S("prototype"), false, false, $ CYPropertyValue($S("value"), $V(prototype)))
 199         ->* $ CYReturn($V(constructor))
 200     ), tail_->extends_ ?: $V($I("Object")));
 201 }
 202
 203 CYStatement *CYClassStatement::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 204     return $ CYVar($B1($B(name_, $ CYClassExpression(name_, tail_))));
 205 }
 206
 207 void CYClause::Replace(CYContext &context) { $T()
 208     context.Replace(value_);
 209     context.ReplaceAll(code_);
 210     next_->Replace(context);
 211 }
 212
 213 CYExpression *CYCompound::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 214     context.Replace(expression_);
 215     context.Replace(next_);
 216
 217     if (CYCompound *compound = dynamic_cast<CYCompound *>(expression_)) {
 218         expression_ = compound->expression_;
 219         compound->expression_ = compound->next_;
 220         compound->next_ = next_;
 221         next_ = compound;
 222     }
 223
 224     return this;
 225 }
 226
 227 CYFunctionParameter *CYCompound::Parameter() const {
 228     CYFunctionParameter *next(next_->Parameter());
 229     if (next == NULL)
 230         return NULL;
 231
 232     CYFunctionParameter *parameter(expression_->Parameter());
 233     if (parameter == NULL)
 234         return NULL;
 235
 236     parameter->SetNext(next);
 237     return parameter;
 238 }
 239
 240 CYFunctionParameter *CYComprehension::Parameters(CYContext &context) const { $T(NULL)
 241     CYFunctionParameter *next(next_->Parameters(context));
 242     if (CYFunctionParameter *parameter = Parameter(context)) {
 243         parameter->SetNext(next);
 244         return parameter;
 245     } else
 246         return next;
 247 }
 248
 249 CYStatement *CYComprehension::Replace(CYContext &context, CYStatement *statement) const {
 250     return next_ == NULL ? statement : next_->Replace(context, statement);
 251 }
 252
 253 CYExpression *CYComputed::PropertyName(CYContext &context) {
 254     return expression_;
 255 }
 256
 257 CYExpression *CYCondition::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 258     context.Replace(test_);
 259     context.Replace(true_);
 260     context.Replace(false_);
 261     return this;
 262 }
 263
 264 void CYContext::NonLocal(CYStatement *&statements) {
 265     CYContext &context(*this);
 266
 267     if (nextlocal_ != NULL && nextlocal_->identifier_ != NULL) {
 268         CYIdentifier *cye($I("$cye")->Replace(context, CYIdentifierGlobal));
 269         CYIdentifier *unique(nextlocal_->identifier_->Replace(context, CYIdentifierGlobal));
 270
 271         CYStatement *declare(
 272             $ CYVar($B1($B(unique, $ CYObject()))));
 273
 274         cy::Syntax::Catch *rescue(
 275             $ cy::Syntax::Catch(cye, $$
 276                 ->* $ CYIf($ CYIdentical($M($V(cye), $S("$cyk")), $V(unique)), $$
 277                     ->* $ CYReturn($M($V(cye), $S("$cyv"))))
 278                 ->* $ cy::Syntax::Throw($V(cye))));
 279
 280         context.Replace(declare);
 281         rescue->Replace(context);
 282
 283         statements = $$
 284             ->* declare
 285             ->* $ cy::Syntax::Try(statements, rescue, NULL);
 286     }
 287 }
 288
 289 CYIdentifier *CYContext::Unique() {
 290     return $ CYIdentifier($pool.strcat("$cy", $pool.itoa(unique_++), NULL));
 291 }
 292
 293 CYStatement *CYContinue::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 294     return this;
 295 }
 296
 297 CYStatement *CYDebugger::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 298     return this;
 299 }
 300
 301 CYTarget *CYBinding::Target(CYContext &context) {
 302     return $V(identifier_);
 303 }
 304
 305 CYAssignment *CYBinding::Replace(CYContext &context, CYIdentifierKind kind) {
 306     identifier_ = identifier_->Replace(context, kind);
 307
 308     if (initializer_ == NULL)
 309         return NULL;
 310
 311     CYAssignment *value($ CYAssign(Target(context), initializer_));
 312     initializer_ = NULL;
 313     return value;
 314 }
 315
 316 CYExpression *CYBindings::Replace(CYContext &context, CYIdentifierKind kind) { $T(NULL)
 317     CYAssignment *assignment(binding_->Replace(context, kind));
 318     CYExpression *compound(next_->Replace(context, kind));
 319
 320     if (assignment != NULL)
 321         if (compound == NULL)
 322             compound = assignment;
 323         else
 324             compound = $ CYCompound(assignment, compound);
 325     return compound;
 326 }
 327
 328 CYFunctionParameter *CYBindings::Parameter(CYContext &context) { $T(NULL)
 329     return $ CYFunctionParameter($ CYBinding(binding_->identifier_), next_->Parameter(context));
 330 }
 331
 332 CYArgument *CYBindings::Argument(CYContext &context) { $T(NULL)
 333     return $ CYArgument(binding_->initializer_, next_->Argument(context));
 334 }
 335
 336 CYTarget *CYDirectMember::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 337     context.Replace(object_);
 338     context.Replace(property_);
 339     return this;
 340 }
 341
 342 CYStatement *CYDoWhile::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 343     context.Replace(test_);
 344     context.ReplaceAll(code_);
 345     return this;
 346 }
 347
 348 void CYElementSpread::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 349     context.Replace(value_);
 350 }
 351
 352 void CYElementValue::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 353     context.Replace(value_);
 354 }
 355
 356 CYForInitializer *CYEmpty::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 357     return NULL;
 358 }
 359
 360 CYTarget *CYEncodedType::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 361     return typed_->Replace(context);
 362 }
 363
 364 CYTarget *CYEval::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 365     context.scope_->Damage();
 366     if (arguments_ != NULL)
 367         arguments_->value_ = $C1($M($V("Cycript"), $S("compile")), arguments_->value_);
 368     return $C($V("eval"), arguments_);
 369 }
 370
 371 CYStatement *CYExpress::Return() {
 372     return $ CYReturn(expression_);
 373 }
 374
 375 CYForInitializer *CYExpress::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 376     context.Replace(expression_);
 377     return this;
 378 }
 379
 380 CYTarget *CYExpression::AddArgument(CYContext &context, CYExpression *value) {
 381     return $C1(this, value);
 382 }
 383
 384 CYFunctionParameter *CYExpression::Parameter() const {
 385     return NULL;
 386 }
 387
 388 CYTarget *CYExtend::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 389     return object_.Replace(context, lhs_);
 390 }
 391
 392 CYStatement *CYExternalDefinition::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 393     return $E($ CYAssign($V(name_), $ CYExternalExpression(abi_, type_, name_)));
 394 }
 395
 396 CYTarget *CYExternalExpression::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 397     CYExpression *expression(name_->Number(context));
 398     if (expression == NULL)
 399         expression = $C2($V("dlsym"), $V("RTLD_DEFAULT"), name_->PropertyName(context));
 400     return $C1(type_->Replace(context), expression);
 401 }
 402
 403 CYNumber *CYFalse::Number(CYContext &context) {
 404     return $D(0);
 405 }
 406
 407 CYString *CYFalse::String(CYContext &context) {
 408     return $S("false");
 409 }
 410
 411 CYExpression *CYFatArrow::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 412     CYFunctionExpression *function($ CYFunctionExpression(NULL, parameters_, code_));
 413     function->this_.SetNext(context.this_);
 414     return function;
 415 }
 416
 417 void CYFinally::Replace(CYContext &context) { $T()
 418     CYScope scope(true, context);
 419     context.ReplaceAll(code_);
 420     scope.Close(context);
 421 }
 422
 423 CYStatement *CYFor::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 424     CYScope outer(true, context);
 425     context.Replace(initializer_);
 426
 427     context.Replace(test_);
 428
 429     {
 430         CYScope inner(true, context);
 431         context.ReplaceAll(code_);
 432         inner.Close(context);
 433     }
 434
 435     context.Replace(increment_);
 436
 437     outer.Close(context);
 438     return this;
 439 }
 440
 441 CYStatement *CYForLexical::Initialize(CYContext &context, CYExpression *value) {
 442     if (value == NULL) {
 443         if (binding_->initializer_ == NULL)
 444             return NULL;
 445         value = binding_->initializer_;
 446     }
 447
 448     return $ CYLexical(constant_, $B1($ CYBinding(binding_->identifier_, value)));
 449 }
 450
 451 CYTarget *CYForLexical::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 452     _assert(binding_->Replace(context, CYIdentifierLexical) == NULL);
 453     return binding_->Target(context);
 454 }
 455
 456 CYStatement *CYForIn::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 457     CYScope scope(true, context);
 458     context.Replace(initializer_);
 459     context.Replace(iterable_);
 460     context.ReplaceAll(code_);
 461     scope.Close(context);
 462     return this;
 463 }
 464
 465 CYStatement *CYForInitialized::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 466     CYAssignment *assignment(binding_->Replace(context, CYIdentifierVariable));
 467     return $ CYBlock($$
 468         ->* (assignment == NULL ? NULL : $ CYExpress(assignment))
 469         ->* $ CYForIn(binding_->Target(context), iterable_, code_));
 470 }
 471
 472 CYFunctionParameter *CYForInComprehension::Parameter(CYContext &context) const {
 473     return $ CYFunctionParameter(binding_);
 474 }
 475
 476 CYStatement *CYForInComprehension::Replace(CYContext &context, CYStatement *statement) const {
 477     return $ CYForIn(binding_->Target(context), iterable_, CYComprehension::Replace(context, statement));
 478 }
 479
 480 CYStatement *CYForOf::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 481     CYIdentifier *item(context.Unique()), *list(context.Unique());
 482
 483     return $ CYBlock($$
 484         ->* initializer_->Initialize(context, NULL)
 485         ->* $ CYLexical(false, $B2($B(list, iterable_), $B(item)))
 486         ->* $ CYForIn($V(item), $V(list), $ CYBlock($$
 487             ->* initializer_->Initialize(context, $M($V(list), $V(item)))
 488             ->* code_
 489     )));
 490 }
 491
 492 CYFunctionParameter *CYForOfComprehension::Parameter(CYContext &context) const {
 493     return $ CYFunctionParameter(binding_);
 494 }
 495
 496 CYStatement *CYForOfComprehension::Replace(CYContext &context, CYStatement *statement) const {
 497     CYIdentifier *cys(context.Unique());
 498
 499     return $ CYBlock($$
 500         ->* $ CYLexical(false, $B1($B(cys, iterable_)))
 501         ->* $ CYForIn(binding_->Target(context), $V(cys), $ CYBlock($$
 502             ->* $E($ CYAssign(binding_->Target(context), $M($V(cys), binding_->Target(context))))
 503             ->* CYComprehension::Replace(context, statement)
 504     )));
 505 }
 506
 507 CYStatement *CYForVariable::Initialize(CYContext &context, CYExpression *value) {
 508     if (value == NULL) {
 509         if (binding_->initializer_ == NULL)
 510             return NULL;
 511         value = binding_->initializer_;
 512     }
 513
 514     return $ CYVar($B1($ CYBinding(binding_->identifier_, value)));
 515 }
 516
 517 CYTarget *CYForVariable::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 518     _assert(binding_->Replace(context, CYIdentifierVariable) == NULL);
 519     return binding_->Target(context);
 520 }
 521
 522 // XXX: this is evil evil black magic. don't ask, don't tell... don't believe!
 523 #define MappingSet "0etnirsoalfucdphmgyvbxTwSNECAFjDLkMOIBPqzRH$_WXUVGYKQJZ"
 524 //#define MappingSet "0abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ$_"
 525
 526 void CYFunction::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 527     CYThisScope *_this(context.this_);
 528     context.this_ = &this_;
 529     context.this_ = CYGetLast(context.this_);
 530
 531     CYIdentifier *super(context.super_);
 532     context.super_ = super_;
 533
 534     CYNonLocal *nonlocal(context.nonlocal_);
 535     CYNonLocal *nextlocal(context.nextlocal_);
 536
 537     bool localize;
 538     if (nonlocal_ != NULL) {
 539         localize = false;
 540         context.nonlocal_ = nonlocal_;
 541     } else {
 542         localize = true;
 543         nonlocal_ = $ CYNonLocal();
 544         context.nextlocal_ = nonlocal_;
 545     }
 546
 547     CYScope scope(!localize, context);
 548
 549     $I("arguments")->Replace(context, CYIdentifierMagic);
 550
 551     parameters_->Replace(context, code_);
 552
 553     context.ReplaceAll(code_);
 554
 555     if (implicit_)
 556         CYImplicitReturn(code_);
 557
 558     if (CYIdentifier *identifier = this_.identifier_) {
 559         context.scope_->Declare(context, identifier, CYIdentifierVariable);
 560         code_ = $$
 561             ->* $E($ CYAssign($V(identifier), $ CYThis()))
 562             ->* code_;
 563     }
 564
 565     if (localize)
 566         context.NonLocal(code_);
 567
 568     context.nextlocal_ = nextlocal;
 569     context.nonlocal_ = nonlocal;
 570
 571     context.super_ = super;
 572     context.this_ = _this;
 573
 574     scope.Close(context, code_);
 575 }
 576
 577 CYTarget *CYFunctionExpression::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 578     CYScope scope(false, context);
 579     if (name_ != NULL)
 580         name_ = name_->Replace(context, CYIdentifierOther);
 581
 582     CYFunction::Replace(context);
 583     scope.Close(context);
 584     return this;
 585 }
 586
 587 void CYFunctionParameter::Replace(CYContext &context, CYStatement *&statements) { $T()
 588     CYAssignment *assignment(binding_->Replace(context, CYIdentifierArgument));
 589
 590     next_->Replace(context, statements);
 591
 592     if (assignment != NULL)
 593         statements = $$
 594             ->* $ CYIf($ CYIdentical($ CYTypeOf(binding_->Target(context)), $S("undefined")), $$
 595                 ->* $E(assignment))
 596             ->* statements;
 597 }
 598
 599 CYStatement *CYFunctionStatement::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 600     name_ = name_->Replace(context, CYIdentifierOther);
 601     CYFunction::Replace(context);
 602     return this;
 603 }
 604
 605 CYIdentifier *CYIdentifier::Replace(CYContext &context, CYIdentifierKind kind) {
 606     if (next_ == this)
 607         return this;
 608     if (next_ != NULL)
 609         return next_->Replace(context, kind);
 610     next_ = context.scope_->Declare(context, this, kind)->identifier_;
 611     return next_;
 612 }
 613
 614 CYStatement *CYIf::Return() {
 615     CYImplicitReturn(true_);
 616     CYImplicitReturn(false_);
 617     return this;
 618 }
 619
 620 CYStatement *CYIf::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 621     context.Replace(test_);
 622     context.ReplaceAll(true_);
 623     context.ReplaceAll(false_);
 624     return this;
 625 }
 626
 627 CYFunctionParameter *CYIfComprehension::Parameter(CYContext &context) const {
 628     return NULL;
 629 }
 630
 631 CYStatement *CYIfComprehension::Replace(CYContext &context, CYStatement *statement) const {
 632     return $ CYIf(test_, CYComprehension::Replace(context, statement));
 633 }
 634
 635 CYStatement *CYImport::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 636     return $ CYVar($B1($B($I(module_->part_->Word()), $C1($V("require"), module_->Replace(context, "/")))));
 637 }
 638
 639 CYStatement *CYImportDeclaration::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 640     CYIdentifier *module(context.Unique());
 641
 642     CYList<CYStatement> statements;
 643     CYForEach (specifier, specifiers_)
 644         statements->*specifier->Replace(context, module);
 645
 646     return $ CYBlock($$
 647         ->* $ CYLexical(false, $B1($B(module, $C1($V("require"), module_))))
 648         ->* statements);
 649 }
 650
 651 CYStatement *CYImportSpecifier::Replace(CYContext &context, CYIdentifier *module) {
 652     binding_ = binding_->Replace(context, CYIdentifierLexical);
 653
 654     CYExpression *import($V(module));
 655     if (name_ != NULL)
 656         import = $M(import, $S(name_));
 657     return $E($ CYAssign($V(binding_), import));
 658 }
 659
 660 CYTarget *CYIndirect::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 661     return $M(rhs_, $S("$cyi"));
 662 }
 663
 664 CYTarget *CYIndirectMember::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 665     return $M($ CYIndirect(object_), property_);
 666 }
 667
 668 CYExpression *CYInfix::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 669     context.Replace(lhs_);
 670     context.Replace(rhs_);
 671     return this;
 672 }
 673
 674 CYStatement *CYLabel::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 675     context.Replace(statement_);
 676     return this;
 677 }
 678
 679 CYTarget *CYLambda::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 680     return $N2($V("Functor"), $ CYFunctionExpression(NULL, parameters_->Parameters(context), code_), parameters_->TypeSignature(context, typed_->Replace(context)));
 681 }
 682
 683 CYForInitializer *CYLexical::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 684     if (CYExpression *expression = bindings_->Replace(context, CYIdentifierLexical))
 685         return $E(expression);
 686     return $ CYEmpty();
 687 }
 688
 689 CYFunctionExpression *CYMethod::Constructor() {
 690     return NULL;
 691 }
 692
 693 void CYMethod::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 694     CYFunction::Replace(context);
 695 }
 696
 697 CYString *CYModule::Replace(CYContext &context, const char *separator) const {
 698     if (next_ == NULL)
 699         return $ CYString(part_);
 700     return $ CYString($pool.strcat(next_->Replace(context, separator)->Value(), separator, part_->Word(), NULL));
 701 }
 702
 703 CYExpression *CYMultiply::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 704     CYInfix::Replace(context);
 705
 706     if (CYNumber *lhn = lhs_->Number(context))
 707         if (CYNumber *rhn = rhs_->Number(context))
 708             return $D(lhn->Value() * rhn->Value());
 709
 710     return this;
 711 }
 712
 713 namespace cy {
 714 namespace Syntax {
 715
 716 CYTarget *New::AddArgument(CYContext &context, CYExpression *value) {
 717     CYSetLast(arguments_) = $ CYArgument(value);
 718     return this;
 719 }
 720
 721 CYTarget *New::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 722     context.Replace(constructor_);
 723     arguments_->Replace(context);
 724     return this;
 725 }
 726
 727 } }
 728
 729 CYNumber *CYNull::Number(CYContext &context) {
 730     return $D(0);
 731 }
 732
 733 CYString *CYNull::String(CYContext &context) {
 734     return $S("null");
 735 }
 736
 737 CYNumber *CYNumber::Number(CYContext &context) {
 738     return this;
 739 }
 740
 741 CYString *CYNumber::String(CYContext &context) {
 742     // XXX: there is a precise algorithm for this
 743     return $S($pool.sprintf(24, "%.17g", Value()));
 744 }
 745
 746 CYExpression *CYNumber::PropertyName(CYContext &context) {
 747     return String(context);
 748 }
 749
 750 CYTarget *CYObject::Replace(CYContext &context, CYTarget *seed) {
 751     CYBuilder builder;
 752     if (properties_ != NULL)
 753         properties_ = properties_->ReplaceAll(context, builder, $ CYThis(), seed != this);
 754
 755     if (builder) {
 756         return $C1($M($ CYFunctionExpression(NULL, builder.bindings_->Parameter(context),
 757             builder.statements_
 758                 ->* $ CYReturn($ CYThis())
 759         ), $S("call")), seed, builder.bindings_->Argument(context));
 760     }
 761
 762     CYForEach (property, properties_)
 763         property->Replace(context);
 764     return seed;
 765 }
 766
 767 CYTarget *CYObject::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 768     return Replace(context, this);
 769 }
 770
 771 CYTarget *CYParenthetical::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 772     // XXX: return expression_;
 773     context.Replace(expression_);
 774     return this;
 775 }
 776
 777 CYExpression *CYPostfix::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 778     context.Replace(lhs_);
 779     return this;
 780 }
 781
 782 CYExpression *CYPrefix::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 783     context.Replace(rhs_);
 784     return this;
 785 }
 786
 787 CYProperty *CYProperty::ReplaceAll(CYContext &context, CYBuilder &builder, CYExpression *self, bool update) {
 788     update |= Update();
 789     if (update)
 790         Replace(context, builder, self, false);
 791     if (next_ != NULL)
 792         next_ = next_->ReplaceAll(context, builder, self, update);
 793     return update ? next_ : this;
 794 }
 795
 796 void CYProperty::Replace(CYContext &context, CYBuilder &builder, CYExpression *self, bool protect) {
 797     CYExpression *name(name_->PropertyName(context));
 798     if (name_->Computed()) {
 799         CYIdentifier *unique(context.Unique());
 800         builder.bindings_
 801             ->* $B1($B(unique, name));
 802         name = $V(unique);
 803     }
 804
 805     Replace(context, builder, self, name, protect);
 806 }
 807
 808 bool CYProperty::Update() const {
 809     return name_->Computed();
 810 }
 811
 812 void CYPropertyGetter::Replace(CYContext &context, CYBuilder &builder, CYExpression *self, CYExpression *name, bool protect) {
 813     CYIdentifier *unique(context.Unique());
 814     builder.bindings_
 815         ->* $B1($B(unique, CYSuperize(context, $ CYFunctionExpression(NULL, parameters_, code_))));
 816     builder.statements_
 817         ->* CYDefineProperty(self, name, true, !protect, $ CYPropertyValue($S("get"), $V(unique)));
 818 }
 819
 820 CYFunctionExpression *CYPropertyMethod::Constructor() {
 821     return name_->Constructor() ? $ CYFunctionExpression(NULL, parameters_, code_) : NULL;
 822 }
 823
 824 void CYPropertyMethod::Replace(CYContext &context, CYBuilder &builder, CYExpression *self, CYExpression *name, bool protect) {
 825     CYIdentifier *unique(context.Unique());
 826     builder.bindings_
 827         ->* $B1($B(unique, CYSuperize(context, $ CYFunctionExpression(NULL, parameters_, code_))));
 828     builder.statements_
 829         ->* (!protect ? $E($ CYAssign($M(self, name), $V(unique))) :
 830             CYDefineProperty(self, name, true, !protect, $ CYPropertyValue($S("value"), $V(unique), $ CYPropertyValue($S("writable"), $ CYTrue()))));
 831 }
 832
 833 bool CYPropertyMethod::Update() const {
 834     return true;
 835 }
 836
 837 void CYPropertySetter::Replace(CYContext &context, CYBuilder &builder, CYExpression *self, CYExpression *name, bool protect) {
 838     CYIdentifier *unique(context.Unique());
 839     builder.bindings_
 840         ->* $B1($B(unique, CYSuperize(context, $ CYFunctionExpression(NULL, parameters_, code_))));
 841     builder.statements_
 842         ->* CYDefineProperty(self, name, true, !protect, $ CYPropertyValue($S("set"), $V(unique)));
 843 }
 844
 845 void CYPropertyValue::Replace(CYContext &context, CYBuilder &builder, CYExpression *self, CYExpression *name, bool protect) {
 846     _assert(!protect);
 847     CYIdentifier *unique(context.Unique());
 848     builder.bindings_
 849         ->* $B1($B(unique, value_));
 850     builder.statements_
 851         ->* $E($ CYAssign($M(self, name), $V(unique)));
 852 }
 853
 854 void CYPropertyValue::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 855     context.Replace(value_);
 856 }
 857
 858 void CYScript::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 859     CYScope scope(false, context);
 860     context.scope_->Damage();
 861
 862     context.nextlocal_ = $ CYNonLocal();
 863     context.ReplaceAll(code_);
 864     context.NonLocal(code_);
 865
 866     scope.Close(context, code_);
 867
 868     unsigned offset(0);
 869
 870     for (std::vector<CYIdentifier *>::const_iterator i(context.replace_.begin()); i != context.replace_.end(); ++i) {
 871         const char *name;
 872         if (context.options_.verbose_)
 873             name = $pool.strcat("$", $pool.itoa(offset++), NULL);
 874         else {
 875             char id[8];
 876             id[7] = '\0';
 877
 878           id:
 879             unsigned position(7), local(offset++ + 1);
 880
 881             do {
 882                 unsigned index(local % (sizeof(MappingSet) - 1));
 883                 local /= sizeof(MappingSet) - 1;
 884                 id[--position] = MappingSet[index];
 885             } while (local != 0);
 886
 887             if (scope.Lookup(context, id + position) != NULL)
 888                 goto id;
 889             // XXX: at some point, this could become a keyword
 890
 891             name = $pool.strmemdup(id + position, 7 - position);
 892         }
 893
 894         CYIdentifier *identifier(*i);
 895         _assert(identifier->next_ == identifier);
 896         identifier->next_ = $I(name);
 897     }
 898 }
 899
 900 CYTarget *CYResolveMember::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 901     return $M($M(object_, $S("$cyr")), property_);
 902 }
 903
 904 CYStatement *CYReturn::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 905     if (context.nonlocal_ != NULL) {
 906         CYProperty *value(value_ == NULL ? NULL : $ CYPropertyValue($S("$cyv"), value_));
 907         return $ cy::Syntax::Throw($ CYObject(
 908             $ CYPropertyValue($S("$cyk"), $V(context.nonlocal_->Target(context)), value)
 909         ));
 910     }
 911
 912     context.Replace(value_);
 913     return this;
 914 }
 915
 916 CYTarget *CYRubyBlock::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 917     return lhs_->AddArgument(context, proc_->Replace(context));
 918 }
 919
 920 CYTarget *CYRubyBlock::AddArgument(CYContext &context, CYExpression *value) {
 921     return Replace(context)->AddArgument(context, value);
 922 }
 923
 924 CYTarget *CYRubyProc::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 925     CYFunctionExpression *function($ CYFunctionExpression(NULL, parameters_, code_));
 926     function = CYNonLocalize(context, function);
 927     function->implicit_ = true;
 928     return function;
 929 }
 930
 931 CYScope::CYScope(bool transparent, CYContext &context) :
 932     transparent_(transparent),
 933     parent_(context.scope_),
 934     damaged_(false),
 935     shadow_(NULL),
 936     internal_(NULL)
 937 {
 938     _assert(!transparent_ || parent_ != NULL);
 939     context.scope_ = this;
 940 }
 941
 942 void CYScope::Damage() {
 943     damaged_ = true;
 944     if (parent_ != NULL)
 945         parent_->Damage();
 946 }
 947
 948 CYIdentifierFlags *CYScope::Lookup(CYContext &context, const char *word) {
 949     CYForEach (i, internal_)
 950         if (strcmp(i->identifier_->Word(), word) == 0)
 951             return i;
 952     return NULL;
 953 }
 954
 955 CYIdentifierFlags *CYScope::Lookup(CYContext &context, CYIdentifier *identifier) {
 956     return Lookup(context, identifier->Word());
 957 }
 958
 959 CYIdentifierFlags *CYScope::Declare(CYContext &context, CYIdentifier *identifier, CYIdentifierKind kind) {
 960     _assert(identifier->next_ == NULL || identifier->next_ == identifier);
 961
 962     CYIdentifierFlags *existing(Lookup(context, identifier));
 963     if (existing == NULL)
 964         internal_ = $ CYIdentifierFlags(identifier, kind, internal_);
 965     ++internal_->count_;
 966     if (existing == NULL)
 967         return internal_;
 968
 969     if (kind == CYIdentifierGlobal);
 970     else if (existing->kind_ == CYIdentifierGlobal || existing->kind_ == CYIdentifierMagic)
 971         existing->kind_ = kind;
 972     else if (existing->kind_ == CYIdentifierLexical || kind == CYIdentifierLexical)
 973         _assert(false);
 974     else if (transparent_ && existing->kind_ == CYIdentifierArgument && kind == CYIdentifierVariable)
 975         _assert(false);
 976     // XXX: throw new SyntaxError() instead of these asserts
 977
 978     return existing;
 979 }
 980
 981 void CYScope::Merge(CYContext &context, const CYIdentifierFlags *flags) {
 982     _assert(flags->identifier_->next_ == flags->identifier_);
 983     CYIdentifierFlags *existing(Declare(context, flags->identifier_, flags->kind_));
 984     flags->identifier_->next_ = existing->identifier_;
 985
 986     existing->count_ += flags->count_;
 987     if (existing->offset_ < flags->offset_)
 988         existing->offset_ = flags->offset_;
 989 }
 990
 991 void CYScope::Close(CYContext &context, CYStatement *&statements) {
 992     Close(context);
 993
 994     CYList<CYBindings> bindings;
 995
 996     CYForEach (i, internal_)
 997         if (i->kind_ == CYIdentifierVariable)
 998             bindings
 999                 ->* $ CYBindings($ CYBinding(i->identifier_));
1000
1001     if (bindings) {
1002         CYVar *var($ CYVar(bindings));
1003         var->SetNext(statements);
1004         statements = var;
1005     }
1006 }
1007
1008 void CYScope::Close(CYContext &context) {
1009     context.scope_ = parent_;
1010
1011     CYForEach (i, internal_) {
1012         _assert(i->identifier_->next_ == i->identifier_);
1013     switch (i->kind_) {
1014         case CYIdentifierLexical: {
1015             if (!damaged_) {
1016                 CYIdentifier *replace(context.Unique());
1017                 replace->next_ = replace;
1018                 i->identifier_->next_ = replace;
1019                 i->identifier_ = replace;
1020             }
1021
1022             if (!transparent_)
1023                 i->kind_ = CYIdentifierVariable;
1024             else
1025                 parent_->Declare(context, i->identifier_, CYIdentifierVariable);
1026         } break;
1027
1028         case CYIdentifierVariable: {
1029             if (transparent_) {
1030                 parent_->Declare(context, i->identifier_, i->kind_);
1031                 i->kind_ = CYIdentifierGlobal;
1032             }
1033         } break;
1034     default:; } }
1035
1036     if (damaged_)
1037         return;
1038
1039     typedef std::multimap<unsigned, CYIdentifier *> CYIdentifierOffsetMap;
1040     CYIdentifierOffsetMap offsets;
1041
1042     CYForEach (i, internal_) {
1043         _assert(i->identifier_->next_ == i->identifier_);
1044     switch (i->kind_) {
1045         case CYIdentifierArgument:
1046         case CYIdentifierVariable:
1047             offsets.insert(CYIdentifierOffsetMap::value_type(i->offset_, i->identifier_));
1048         break;
1049     default:; } }
1050
1051     unsigned offset(0);
1052
1053     for (CYIdentifierOffsetMap::const_iterator i(offsets.begin()); i != offsets.end(); ++i) {
1054         if (offset < i->first)
1055             offset = i->first;
1056         CYIdentifier *identifier(i->second);
1057
1058         if (offset >= context.replace_.size())
1059             context.replace_.resize(offset + 1, NULL);
1060         CYIdentifier *&replace(context.replace_[offset++]);
1061
1062         if (replace == NULL)
1063             replace = identifier;
1064         else {
1065             _assert(replace->next_ == replace);
1066             identifier->next_ = replace;
1067         }
1068     }
1069
1070     if (parent_ == NULL)
1071         return;
1072
1073     CYForEach (i, internal_) {
1074     switch (i->kind_) {
1075         case CYIdentifierGlobal: {
1076             if (i->offset_ < offset)
1077                 i->offset_ = offset;
1078             parent_->Merge(context, i);
1079         } break;
1080     default:; } }
1081 }
1082
1083 CYTarget *CYSubscriptMember::Replace(CYContext &context) {
1084     return $C1($M(object_, $S("$cyg")), property_);
1085 }
1086
1087 CYElementValue *CYSpan::Replace(CYContext &context) { $T(NULL)
1088     return $ CYElementValue(expression_, $ CYElementValue(string_, next_->Replace(context)));
1089 }
1090
1091 CYStatement *CYStatement::Return() {
1092     return this;
1093 }
1094
1095 CYString *CYString::Concat(CYContext &context, CYString *rhs) const {
1096     size_t size(size_ + rhs->size_);
1097     char *value($ char[size + 1]);
1098     memcpy(value, value_, size_);
1099     memcpy(value + size_, rhs->value_, rhs->size_);
1100     value[size] = '\0';
1101     return $S(value, size);
1102 }
1103
1104 CYIdentifier *CYString::Identifier() const {
1105     if (const char *word = Word())
1106         return $ CYIdentifier(word);
1107     return NULL;
1108 }
1109
1110 CYNumber *CYString::Number(CYContext &context) {
1111     // XXX: there is a precise algorithm for this
1112     return NULL;
1113 }
1114
1115 CYExpression *CYString::PropertyName(CYContext &context) {
1116     return this;
1117 }
1118
1119 CYString *CYString::String(CYContext &context) {
1120     return this;
1121 }
1122
1123 CYStatement *CYStructDefinition::Replace(CYContext &context) {
1124     CYTarget *target(tail_->Replace(context));
1125     if (name_ != NULL)
1126         target = $C1($M(target, $S("withName")), $S(name_->Word()));
1127     return $ CYLexical(false, $B1($B($I($pool.strcat(name_->Word(), "$cy", NULL)), target)));
1128 }
1129
1130 CYTarget *CYStructTail::Replace(CYContext &context) {
1131     CYList<CYElementValue> types;
1132     CYList<CYElementValue> names;
1133
1134     CYForEach (field, fields_) {
1135         types->*$ CYElementValue(field->type_->Replace(context));
1136
1137         CYExpression *name;
1138         if (field->name_ == NULL)
1139             name = NULL;
1140         else
1141             name = field->name_->PropertyName(context);
1142         names->*$ CYElementValue(name);
1143     }
1144
1145     return $N2($V("Type"), $ CYArray(types), $ CYArray(names));
1146 }
1147
1148 CYTarget *CYSuperAccess::Replace(CYContext &context) {
1149     return $C1($M($M($M($V(context.super_), $S("prototype")), property_), $S("bind")), $ CYThis());
1150 }
1151
1152 CYTarget *CYSuperCall::Replace(CYContext &context) {
1153     return $C($C1($M($V(context.super_), $S("bind")), $ CYThis()), arguments_);
1154 }
1155
1156 CYTarget *CYSymbol::Replace(CYContext &context) {
1157     return $C1($M($V("Symbol"), $S("for")), $S(name_));
1158 }
1159
1160 CYStatement *CYSwitch::Replace(CYContext &context) {
1161     context.Replace(value_);
1162     clauses_->Replace(context);
1163     return this;
1164 }
1165
1166 CYStatement *CYTarget::Initialize(CYContext &context, CYExpression *value) {
1167     if (value == NULL)
1168         return NULL;
1169     return $E($ CYAssign(this, value));
1170 }
1171
1172 CYTarget *CYTemplate::Replace(CYContext &context) {
1173     return $C2($M($M($M($V("String"), $S("prototype")), $S("concat")), $S("apply")), $S(""), $ CYArray($ CYElementValue(string_, spans_->Replace(context))));
1174 }
1175
1176 CYString *CYTemplate::String(CYContext &context) {
1177     // XXX: implement this over local concat
1178     if (spans_ != NULL)
1179         return NULL;
1180     return string_;
1181 }
1182
1183 CYTarget *CYThis::Replace(CYContext &context) {
1184     if (context.this_ != NULL)
1185         return $V(context.this_->Identifier(context));
1186     return this;
1187 }
1188
1189 namespace cy {
1190 namespace Syntax {
1191
1192 CYStatement *Throw::Replace(CYContext &context) {
1193     context.Replace(value_);
1194     return this;
1195 }
1196
1197 } }
1198
1199 CYTarget *CYTrivial::Replace(CYContext &context) {
1200     return this;
1201 }
1202
1203 CYNumber *CYTrue::Number(CYContext &context) {
1204     return $D(1);
1205 }
1206
1207 CYString *CYTrue::String(CYContext &context) {
1208     return $S("true");
1209 }
1210
1211 namespace cy {
1212 namespace Syntax {
1213
1214 CYStatement *Try::Replace(CYContext &context) {
1215     CYScope scope(true, context);
1216     context.ReplaceAll(code_);
1217     scope.Close(context);
1218
1219     catch_->Replace(context);
1220     finally_->Replace(context);
1221     return this;
1222 }
1223
1224 } }
1225
1226 CYTarget *CYTypeArrayOf::Replace_(CYContext &context, CYTarget *type) {
1227     return next_->Replace(context, $ CYCall($ CYDirectMember(type, $ CYString("arrayOf")), $ CYArgument(size_)));
1228 }
1229
1230 CYTarget *CYTypeBlockWith::Replace_(CYContext &context, CYTarget *type) {
1231     return next_->Replace(context, $ CYCall($ CYDirectMember(type, $ CYString("blockWith")), parameters_->Argument(context)));
1232 }
1233
1234 CYTarget *CYTypeCharacter::Replace(CYContext &context) {
1235     switch (signing_) {
1236         case CYTypeNeutral: return $V("char");
1237         case CYTypeSigned: return $V("schar");
1238         case CYTypeUnsigned: return $V("uchar");
1239         default: _assert(false);
1240     }
1241 }
1242
1243 CYTarget *CYTypeConstant::Replace_(CYContext &context, CYTarget *type) {
1244     return next_->Replace(context, $ CYCall($ CYDirectMember(type, $ CYString("constant"))));
1245 }
1246
1247 CYStatement *CYTypeDefinition::Replace(CYContext &context) {
1248     return $ CYLexical(false, $B1($B(name_, $ CYTypeExpression(type_))));
1249 }
1250
1251 CYTarget *CYTypeEnum::Replace(CYContext &context) {
1252     CYList<CYProperty> properties;
1253     CYForEach (constant, constants_)
1254         properties->*$ CYPropertyValue($S(constant->name_->Word()), constant->value_);
1255     CYObject *constants($ CYObject(properties));
1256
1257     if (specifier_ == NULL)
1258         return $N1($V("Type"), constants);
1259     else
1260         return $C1($M(specifier_->Replace(context), $S("enumFor")), constants);
1261 }
1262
1263 CYTarget *CYTypeError::Replace(CYContext &context) {
1264     _assert(false);
1265     return NULL;
1266 }
1267
1268 CYTarget *CYTypeExpression::Replace(CYContext &context) {
1269     return typed_->Replace(context);
1270 }
1271
1272 CYTarget *CYTypeInt128::Replace(CYContext &context) {
1273     return $V(signing_ == CYTypeUnsigned ? "uint128" : "int128");
1274 }
1275
1276 CYTarget *CYTypeIntegral::Replace(CYContext &context) {
1277     bool u(signing_ == CYTypeUnsigned);
1278     switch (length_) {
1279         case 0: return $V(u ? "ushort" : "short");
1280         case 1: return $V(u ? "uint" : "int");
1281         case 2: return $V(u ? "ulong" : "long");
1282         case 3: return $V(u ? "ulonglong" : "longlong");
1283         default: _assert(false);
1284     }
1285 }
1286
1287 CYTarget *CYTypeModifier::Replace(CYContext &context, CYTarget *type) { $T(type)
1288     return Replace_(context, type);
1289 }
1290
1291 CYTarget *CYTypeFunctionWith::Replace_(CYContext &context, CYTarget *type) {
1292     CYList<CYArgument> arguments(parameters_->Argument(context));
1293     if (variadic_)
1294         arguments->*$C_($ CYNull());
1295     return next_->Replace(context, $ CYCall($ CYDirectMember(type, $ CYString("functionWith")), arguments));
1296 }
1297
1298 CYTarget *CYTypePointerTo::Replace_(CYContext &context, CYTarget *type) {
1299     return next_->Replace(context, $ CYCall($ CYDirectMember(type, $ CYString("pointerTo"))));
1300 }
1301
1302 CYTarget *CYTypeReference::Replace(CYContext &context) {
1303     const char *prefix;
1304     switch (kind_) {
1305         case CYTypeReferenceStruct: prefix = "$cys"; break;
1306         case CYTypeReferenceEnum: prefix = "$cye"; break;
1307         default: _assert(false);
1308     }
1309
1310     return $V($pool.strcat(prefix, name_->Word(), NULL));
1311 }
1312
1313 CYTarget *CYTypeStruct::Replace(CYContext &context) {
1314     CYTarget *target(tail_->Replace(context));
1315     if (name_ != NULL)
1316         target = $C1($M(target, $S("withName")), $S(name_->Word()));
1317     return target;
1318 }
1319
1320 CYTarget *CYTypeVariable::Replace(CYContext &context) {
1321     return $V(name_);
1322 }
1323
1324 CYTarget *CYTypeVoid::Replace(CYContext &context) {
1325     return $N1($V("Type"), $ CYString("v"));
1326 }
1327
1328 CYTarget *CYTypeVolatile::Replace_(CYContext &context, CYTarget *type) {
1329     return next_->Replace(context, $ CYCall($ CYDirectMember(type, $ CYString("volatile"))));
1330 }
1331
1332 CYTarget *CYType::Replace(CYContext &context) {
1333     return modifier_->Replace(context, specifier_->Replace(context));
1334 }
1335
1336 CYTypeFunctionWith *CYType::Function() {
1337     CYTypeModifier *&modifier(CYGetLast(modifier_));
1338     if (modifier == NULL)
1339         return NULL;
1340
1341     CYTypeFunctionWith *function(modifier->Function());
1342     if (function == NULL)
1343         return NULL;
1344
1345     modifier = NULL;
1346     return function;
1347 }
1348
1349 CYArgument *CYTypedParameter::Argument(CYContext &context) { $T(NULL)
1350     return $ CYArgument(type_->Replace(context), next_->Argument(context));
1351 }
1352
1353 CYFunctionParameter *CYTypedParameter::Parameters(CYContext &context) { $T(NULL)
1354     return $ CYFunctionParameter($ CYBinding(name_ ?: context.Unique()), next_->Parameters(context));
1355 }
1356
1357 CYExpression *CYTypedParameter::TypeSignature(CYContext &context, CYExpression *prefix) { $T(prefix)
1358     return next_->TypeSignature(context, $ CYAdd(prefix, type_->Replace(context)));
1359 }
1360
1361 CYForInitializer *CYVar::Replace(CYContext &context) {
1362     if (CYExpression *expression = bindings_->Replace(context, CYIdentifierVariable))
1363         return $E(expression);
1364     return $ CYEmpty();
1365 }
1366
1367 CYTarget *CYVariable::Replace(CYContext &context) {
1368     name_ = name_->Replace(context, CYIdentifierGlobal);
1369     return this;
1370 }
1371
1372 CYFunctionParameter *CYVariable::Parameter() const {
1373     return $ CYFunctionParameter($ CYBinding(name_));
1374 }
1375
1376 CYStatement *CYWhile::Replace(CYContext &context) {
1377     context.Replace(test_);
1378     context.ReplaceAll(code_);
1379     return this;
1380 }
1381
1382 CYStatement *CYWith::Replace(CYContext &context) {
1383     context.Replace(scope_);
1384     CYScope scope(true, context);
1385     scope.Damage();
1386     context.ReplaceAll(code_);
1387     scope.Close(context);
1388     return this;
1389 }
1390
1391 CYExpression *CYWord::PropertyName(CYContext &context) {
1392     return $S(this);
1393 }