1 # Exercising Bison on conflicts. -*- Autotest -*-
3 # Copyright (C) 2002-2005, 2007-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
5 # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
6 # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
7 # the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
8 # (at your option) any later version.
10 # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
11 # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
12 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
13 # GNU General Public License for more details.
15 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
16 # along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
18 AT_BANNER([[Conflicts.]])
21 ## ---------------- ##
23 ## ---------------- ##
25 # I once hacked Bison in such a way that it lost its reductions on the
26 # initial state (because it was confusing it with the last state). It
27 # took me a while to strip down my failures to this simple case. So
28 # make sure it finds the s/r conflict below.
30 AT_SETUP([S/R in initial])
36 e: 'e' | /* Nothing. */;
39 AT_BISON_CHECK([-o input.c input.y], 0, [],
40 [[input.y:4.9: warning: rule useless in parser due to conflicts: e: /* empty */
46 ## ------------------- ##
47 ## %nonassoc and eof. ##
48 ## ------------------- ##
50 AT_SETUP([%nonassoc and eof])
52 AT_BISON_OPTION_PUSHDEFS
53 AT_DATA_GRAMMAR([input.y],
60 #define YYERROR_VERBOSE 1
62 /* The current argument. */
63 static const char *input;
69 if (! (toknum <= strlen (input)))
71 return input[toknum++];
85 main (int argc, const char *argv[])
87 input = argc <= 1 ? "" : argv[1];
91 AT_BISON_OPTION_POPDEFS
93 m4_pushdef([AT_NONASSOC_AND_EOF_CHECK],
94 [AT_BISON_CHECK([$1[ -o input.c input.y]])
97 m4_pushdef([AT_EXPECTING], [m4_if($2, [correct], [[, expecting $end]])])
99 AT_PARSER_CHECK([./input '0<0'])
100 AT_PARSER_CHECK([./input '0<0<0'], [1], [],
101 [syntax error, unexpected '<'AT_EXPECTING
104 AT_PARSER_CHECK([./input '0>0'])
105 AT_PARSER_CHECK([./input '0>0>0'], [1], [],
106 [syntax error, unexpected '>'AT_EXPECTING
109 AT_PARSER_CHECK([./input '0<0>0'], [1], [],
110 [syntax error, unexpected '>'AT_EXPECTING
113 m4_popdef([AT_EXPECTING])])
115 # Expected token list is missing.
116 AT_NONASSOC_AND_EOF_CHECK([], [[incorrect]])
118 # We must disable default reductions in inconsistent states in order to
119 # have an explicit list of all expected tokens.
120 AT_NONASSOC_AND_EOF_CHECK([[-Dlr.default-reductions=consistent]],
123 # lr.default-reductions=consistent happens to work for this test case.
124 # However, for other grammars, lookahead sets can be merged for
125 # different left contexts, so it is still possible to have an incorrect
126 # expected list. Canonical LR is almost a general solution (that is, it
127 # can fail only when %nonassoc is used), so make sure it gives the same
129 AT_NONASSOC_AND_EOF_CHECK([[-Dlr.type=canonical-lr]], [[correct]])
131 # parse.lac=full is a completely general solution that does not require
132 # any of the above sacrifices. Of course, it does not extend the
133 # language-recognition power of LALR to (IE)LR, but it does ensure that
134 # the reported list of expected tokens matches what the given parser
135 # would have accepted in place of the unexpected token.
136 AT_NONASSOC_AND_EOF_CHECK([[-Dparse.lac=full]], [[correct]])
138 m4_popdef([AT_NONASSOC_AND_EOF_CHECK])
144 ## ------------------------------------------- ##
145 ## parse.error=verbose and consistent errors. ##
146 ## ------------------------------------------- ##
148 AT_SETUP([[parse.error=verbose and consistent errors]])
150 m4_pushdef([AT_CONSISTENT_ERRORS_CHECK], [
152 AT_BISON_OPTION_PUSHDEFS([$1])
154 m4_pushdef([AT_YYLEX_PROTOTYPE],
155 [AT_SKEL_CC_IF([[int yylex (yy::parser::semantic_type *lvalp)]],
156 [[int yylex (YYSTYPE *lvalp)]])])
158 AT_SKEL_JAVA_IF([AT_DATA], [AT_DATA_GRAMMAR])([input.y],
162 import java.io.IOException;
165 %code {]AT_SKEL_CC_IF([[
166 #include <string>]], [[
169 ]AT_YYERROR_DECLARE])[
170 ]AT_YYLEX_PROTOTYPE[;
174 ]AT_SKEL_CC_IF([[%defines]], [[%define api.pure]])])[
178 %define parse.error verbose
184 ]AT_SKEL_JAVA_IF([[%code lexer {]], [[%%]])[
188 `--------*/]AT_SKEL_JAVA_IF([[
190 public String input = "]$3[";
191 public int index = 0;
194 if (index < input.length ())
195 return input.charAt (index++);
199 public Object getLVal ()
201 return new Integer(1);
206 static char const *input = "]$3[";
218 `-------*/]AT_SKEL_JAVA_IF([[
222 public static void main (String args[]) throws IOException
224 YYParser p = new YYParser ();
227 }]], [AT_SKEL_CC_IF([[
233 return parser.parse ();
243 AT_FULL_COMPILE([[input]])
245 m4_pushdef([AT_EXPECTING], [m4_if($5, [ab], [[, expecting 'a' or 'b']],
246 $5, [a], [[, expecting 'a']],
247 $5, [b], [[, expecting 'b']])])
249 AT_SKEL_JAVA_IF([AT_JAVA_PARSER_CHECK([[input]], [[0]]],
250 [AT_PARSER_CHECK([[./input]], [[1]]]),
252 [[syntax error, unexpected ]$4[]AT_EXPECTING[
255 m4_popdef([AT_EXPECTING])
256 m4_popdef([AT_YYLEX_PROTOTYPE])
257 AT_BISON_OPTION_POPDEFS
261 m4_pushdef([AT_PREVIOUS_STATE_GRAMMAR],
264 start: consistent-error-on-a-a 'a' ;
266 consistent-error-on-a-a:
267 'a' default-reduction
268 | 'a' default-reduction 'a'
272 default-reduction: /*empty*/ ;
275 // Provide another context in which all rules are useful so that this
276 // test case looks a little more realistic.
277 start: 'b' consistent-error-on-a-a 'c' ;
280 m4_pushdef([AT_PREVIOUS_STATE_INPUT], [[a]])
282 # Unfortunately, no expected tokens are reported even though 'b' can be
283 # accepted. Nevertheless, the main point of this test is to make sure
284 # that at least the unexpected token is reported. In a previous version
285 # of Bison, it wasn't reported because the error is detected in a
286 # consistent state with an error action, and that case always triggered
287 # the simple "syntax error" message.
289 # The point isn't to test IELR here, but state merging happens to
290 # complicate this example.
291 AT_CONSISTENT_ERRORS_CHECK([[%define lr.type ielr]],
292 [AT_PREVIOUS_STATE_GRAMMAR],
293 [AT_PREVIOUS_STATE_INPUT],
295 AT_CONSISTENT_ERRORS_CHECK([[%define lr.type ielr
297 [AT_PREVIOUS_STATE_GRAMMAR],
298 [AT_PREVIOUS_STATE_INPUT],
300 AT_CONSISTENT_ERRORS_CHECK([[%define lr.type ielr
302 [AT_PREVIOUS_STATE_GRAMMAR],
303 [AT_PREVIOUS_STATE_INPUT],
305 AT_CONSISTENT_ERRORS_CHECK([[%define lr.type ielr
307 [AT_PREVIOUS_STATE_GRAMMAR],
308 [AT_PREVIOUS_STATE_INPUT],
309 [[end of input]], [[none]])
311 # Even canonical LR doesn't foresee the error for 'a'!
312 AT_CONSISTENT_ERRORS_CHECK([[%define lr.type ielr
313 %define lr.default-reductions consistent]],
314 [AT_PREVIOUS_STATE_GRAMMAR],
315 [AT_PREVIOUS_STATE_INPUT],
317 AT_CONSISTENT_ERRORS_CHECK([[%define lr.type ielr
318 %define lr.default-reductions accepting]],
319 [AT_PREVIOUS_STATE_GRAMMAR],
320 [AT_PREVIOUS_STATE_INPUT],
322 AT_CONSISTENT_ERRORS_CHECK([[%define lr.type canonical-lr]],
323 [AT_PREVIOUS_STATE_GRAMMAR],
324 [AT_PREVIOUS_STATE_INPUT],
327 # Only LAC gets it right.
328 AT_CONSISTENT_ERRORS_CHECK([[%define lr.type canonical-lr
329 %define parse.lac full]],
330 [AT_PREVIOUS_STATE_GRAMMAR],
331 [AT_PREVIOUS_STATE_INPUT],
333 AT_CONSISTENT_ERRORS_CHECK([[%define lr.type ielr
334 %define parse.lac full]],
335 [AT_PREVIOUS_STATE_GRAMMAR],
336 [AT_PREVIOUS_STATE_INPUT],
339 m4_popdef([AT_PREVIOUS_STATE_GRAMMAR])
340 m4_popdef([AT_PREVIOUS_STATE_INPUT])
342 m4_pushdef([AT_USER_ACTION_GRAMMAR],
345 // If $$ = 0 here, then we know that the 'a' destructor is being invoked
346 // incorrectly for the 'b' set in the semantic action below. All 'a'
347 // tokens are returned by yylex, which sets $$ = 1.
350 fprintf (stderr, "Wrong destructor.\n");
353 // Rather than depend on an inconsistent state to induce reading a
354 // lookahead as in the previous grammar, just assign the lookahead in a
355 // semantic action. That lookahead isn't needed before either error
356 // action is encountered. In a previous version of Bison, this was a
357 // problem as it meant yychar was not translated into yytoken before
358 // either error action. The second error action thus invoked a
359 // destructor that it selected according to the incorrect yytoken. The
360 // first error action would have reported an incorrect unexpected token
361 // except that, due to the bug described in the previous grammar, the
362 // unexpected token was not reported at all.
363 start: error-reduce consistent-error 'a' { USE ($][3); } ;
366 'a' 'a' consistent-reduction consistent-error 'a'
367 { USE (($][1, $][2, $][5)); }
372 consistent-reduction: /*empty*/ {
373 assert (yychar == YYEMPTY);
380 | /*empty*/ %prec 'a'
383 // Provide another context in which all rules are useful so that this
384 // test case looks a little more realistic.
385 start: 'b' consistent-error 'b' ;
387 m4_pushdef([AT_USER_ACTION_INPUT], [[aa]])
389 AT_CONSISTENT_ERRORS_CHECK([[]],
390 [AT_USER_ACTION_GRAMMAR],
391 [AT_USER_ACTION_INPUT],
393 AT_CONSISTENT_ERRORS_CHECK([[%glr-parser]],
394 [AT_USER_ACTION_GRAMMAR],
395 [AT_USER_ACTION_INPUT],
397 # No C++ or Java test because yychar cannot be manipulated by users.
399 AT_CONSISTENT_ERRORS_CHECK([[%define lr.default-reductions consistent]],
400 [AT_USER_ACTION_GRAMMAR],
401 [AT_USER_ACTION_INPUT],
404 # Canonical LR doesn't foresee the error for 'a'!
405 AT_CONSISTENT_ERRORS_CHECK([[%define lr.default-reductions accepting]],
406 [AT_USER_ACTION_GRAMMAR],
407 [AT_USER_ACTION_INPUT],
409 AT_CONSISTENT_ERRORS_CHECK([[%define lr.type canonical-lr]],
410 [AT_USER_ACTION_GRAMMAR],
411 [AT_USER_ACTION_INPUT],
414 AT_CONSISTENT_ERRORS_CHECK([[%define parse.lac full]],
415 [AT_USER_ACTION_GRAMMAR],
416 [AT_USER_ACTION_INPUT],
418 AT_CONSISTENT_ERRORS_CHECK([[%define parse.lac full
419 %define lr.default-reductions accepting]],
420 [AT_USER_ACTION_GRAMMAR],
421 [AT_USER_ACTION_INPUT],
424 m4_popdef([AT_USER_ACTION_GRAMMAR])
425 m4_popdef([AT_USER_ACTION_INPUT])
427 m4_popdef([AT_CONSISTENT_ERRORS_CHECK])
433 ## ------------------------------------------------------- ##
434 ## LAC: %nonassoc requires splitting canonical LR states. ##
435 ## ------------------------------------------------------- ##
437 # This test case demonstrates that, when %nonassoc is used, canonical
438 # LR(1) parser table construction followed by conflict resolution
439 # without further state splitting is not always sufficient to produce a
440 # parser that can detect all syntax errors as soon as possible on one
441 # token of lookahead. However, LAC solves the problem completely even
442 # with minimal LR parser tables.
444 AT_SETUP([[LAC: %nonassoc requires splitting canonical LR states]])
445 AT_BISON_OPTION_PUSHDEFS
446 AT_DATA_GRAMMAR([[input.y]],
459 'a' problem 'a' // First context.
460 | 'b' problem 'b' // Second context.
461 | 'c' reduce-nonassoc // Just makes reduce-nonassoc useful.
470 // For the state reached after shifting the 'a' in these productions,
471 // lookahead sets are the same in both the first and second contexts.
472 // Thus, canonical LR reuses the same state for both contexts. However,
473 // the lookahead 'a' for the reduction "look: 'a'" later becomes an
474 // error action only in the first context. In order to immediately
475 // detect the syntax error on 'a' here for only the first context, this
476 // canonical LR state would have to be split into two states, and the
477 // 'a' lookahead would have to be removed from only one of the states.
479 'a' // Reduction lookahead set is always ['a', 'b'].
481 | 'a' 'c' // 'c' is forgotten as an expected token.
484 reduce-nonassoc: %prec 'a';
488 ]AT_YYLEX_DEFINE([aaa])[
496 AT_BISON_OPTION_POPDEFS
498 # Show canonical LR's failure.
499 AT_BISON_CHECK([[-Dlr.type=canonical-lr -o input.c input.y]],
501 [[input.y: conflicts: 2 shift/reduce
503 AT_COMPILE([[input]])
504 AT_PARSER_CHECK([[./input]], [[1]], [[]],
505 [[syntax error, unexpected 'a', expecting 'b'
508 # It's corrected by LAC.
509 AT_BISON_CHECK([[-Dlr.type=canonical-lr -Dparse.lac=full \
510 -o input.c input.y]], [[0]], [[]],
511 [[input.y: conflicts: 2 shift/reduce
513 AT_COMPILE([[input]])
514 AT_PARSER_CHECK([[./input]], [[1]], [[]],
515 [[syntax error, unexpected 'a', expecting 'b' or 'c'
518 # IELR is sufficient when LAC is used.
519 AT_BISON_CHECK([[-Dlr.type=ielr -Dparse.lac=full -o input.c input.y]],
521 [[input.y: conflicts: 2 shift/reduce
523 AT_COMPILE([[input]])
524 AT_PARSER_CHECK([[./input]], [[1]], [[]],
525 [[syntax error, unexpected 'a', expecting 'b' or 'c'
530 ## ------------------------- ##
531 ## Unresolved SR Conflicts. ##
532 ## ------------------------- ##
534 AT_SETUP([Unresolved SR Conflicts])
536 AT_KEYWORDS([report])
541 exp: exp OP exp | NUM;
544 AT_BISON_CHECK([-o input.c --report=all input.y], 0, [],
545 [input.y: conflicts: 1 shift/reduce
548 # Check the contents of the report.
549 AT_CHECK([cat input.output], [],
550 [[State 5 conflicts: 1 shift/reduce
561 Terminals, with rules where they appear
569 Nonterminals, with rules where they appear
574 on left: 1 2, on right: 0 1
579 0 $accept: . exp $end
583 NUM shift, and go to state 1
592 $default reduce using rule 2 (exp)
597 0 $accept: exp . $end
600 $end shift, and go to state 3
601 OP shift, and go to state 4
606 0 $accept: exp $end .
617 NUM shift, and go to state 1
625 1 | exp OP exp . [$end, OP]
627 OP shift, and go to state 4
629 OP [reduce using rule 1 (exp)]
630 $default reduce using rule 1 (exp)
637 ## ----------------------- ##
638 ## Resolved SR Conflicts. ##
639 ## ----------------------- ##
641 AT_SETUP([Resolved SR Conflicts])
643 AT_KEYWORDS([report])
649 exp: exp OP exp | NUM;
652 AT_BISON_CHECK([-o input.c --report=all input.y])
654 # Check the contents of the report.
655 AT_CHECK([cat input.output], [],
664 Terminals, with rules where they appear
672 Nonterminals, with rules where they appear
677 on left: 1 2, on right: 0 1
682 0 $accept: . exp $end
686 NUM shift, and go to state 1
695 $default reduce using rule 2 (exp)
700 0 $accept: exp . $end
703 $end shift, and go to state 3
704 OP shift, and go to state 4
709 0 $accept: exp $end .
720 NUM shift, and go to state 1
728 1 | exp OP exp . [$end, OP]
730 $default reduce using rule 1 (exp)
732 Conflict between rule 1 and token OP resolved as reduce (%left OP).
738 ## ---------------------- ##
739 ## %precedence suffices. ##
740 ## ---------------------- ##
742 AT_SETUP([%precedence suffices])
749 "if" cond "then" stmt
750 | "if" cond "then" stmt "else" stmt
759 AT_BISON_CHECK([-o input.c input.y])
764 ## ------------------------------ ##
765 ## %precedence does not suffice. ##
766 ## ------------------------------ ##
768 AT_SETUP([%precedence does not suffice])
775 "if" cond "then" stmt
776 | "if" cond "then" stmt "else" stmt
786 AT_BISON_CHECK([-o input.c input.y], 0, [],
787 [[input.y: conflicts: 1 shift/reduce
788 input.y:12.3-18: warning: rule useless in parser due to conflicts: cond: cond "then" cond
794 ## -------------------------------- ##
795 ## Defaulted Conflicted Reduction. ##
796 ## -------------------------------- ##
798 # When there are RR conflicts, some rules are disabled. Usually it is
799 # simply displayed as:
801 # $end reduce using rule 3 (num)
802 # $end [reduce using rule 4 (id)]
804 # But when `reduce 3' is the default action, we'd produce:
806 # $end [reduce using rule 4 (id)]
807 # $default reduce using rule 3 (num)
809 # In this precise case (a reduction is masked by the default
810 # reduction), we make the `reduce 3' explicit:
812 # $end reduce using rule 3 (num)
813 # $end [reduce using rule 4 (id)]
814 # $default reduce using rule 3 (num)
816 # Maybe that's not the best display, but then, please propose something
819 AT_SETUP([Defaulted Conflicted Reduction])
820 AT_KEYWORDS([report])
830 AT_BISON_CHECK([-o input.c --report=all input.y], 0, [],
831 [[input.y: conflicts: 1 reduce/reduce
832 input.y:4.6-8: warning: rule useless in parser due to conflicts: id: '0'
835 # Check the contents of the report.
836 AT_CHECK([cat input.output], [],
837 [[Rules useless in parser due to conflicts
842 State 1 conflicts: 1 reduce/reduce
857 Terminals, with rules where they appear
864 Nonterminals, with rules where they appear
869 on left: 1 2, on right: 0
871 on left: 3, on right: 1
873 on left: 4, on right: 2
878 0 $accept: . exp $end
884 '0' shift, and go to state 1
896 $end reduce using rule 3 (num)
897 $end [reduce using rule 4 (id)]
898 $default reduce using rule 3 (num)
903 0 $accept: exp . $end
905 $end shift, and go to state 5
912 $default reduce using rule 1 (exp)
919 $default reduce using rule 2 (exp)
924 0 $accept: exp $end .
934 ## -------------------- ##
935 ## %expect not enough. ##
936 ## -------------------- ##
938 AT_SETUP([%expect not enough])
944 exp: exp OP exp | NUM;
947 AT_BISON_CHECK([-o input.c input.y], 1, [],
948 [input.y: conflicts: 1 shift/reduce
949 input.y: expected 0 shift/reduce conflicts
954 ## --------------- ##
956 ## --------------- ##
958 AT_SETUP([%expect right])
964 exp: exp OP exp | NUM;
967 AT_BISON_CHECK([-o input.c input.y])
971 ## ------------------ ##
972 ## %expect too much. ##
973 ## ------------------ ##
975 AT_SETUP([%expect too much])
981 exp: exp OP exp | NUM;
984 AT_BISON_CHECK([-o input.c input.y], 1, [],
985 [input.y: conflicts: 1 shift/reduce
986 input.y: expected 2 shift/reduce conflicts
991 ## ------------------------------- ##
992 ## %expect with reduce conflicts. ##
993 ## ------------------------------- ##
995 AT_SETUP([%expect with reduce conflicts])
1000 program: a 'a' | a a;
1004 AT_BISON_CHECK([-o input.c input.y], 1, [],
1005 [input.y: conflicts: 1 reduce/reduce
1006 input.y: expected 0 reduce/reduce conflicts
1011 ## ------------------------- ##
1012 ## %prec with user strings. ##
1013 ## ------------------------- ##
1015 AT_SETUP([%prec with user string])
1017 AT_DATA([[input.y]],
1024 AT_BISON_CHECK([-o input.c input.y])
1028 ## -------------------------------- ##
1029 ## %no-default-prec without %prec. ##
1030 ## -------------------------------- ##
1032 AT_SETUP([%no-default-prec without %prec])
1034 AT_DATA([[input.y]],
1048 AT_BISON_CHECK([-o input.c input.y], 0, [],
1049 [[input.y: conflicts: 4 shift/reduce
1054 ## ----------------------------- ##
1055 ## %no-default-prec with %prec. ##
1056 ## ----------------------------- ##
1058 AT_SETUP([%no-default-prec with %prec])
1060 AT_DATA([[input.y]],
1068 e: e '+' e %prec '+'
1074 AT_BISON_CHECK([-o input.c input.y])
1078 ## --------------- ##
1079 ## %default-prec. ##
1080 ## --------------- ##
1082 AT_SETUP([%default-prec])
1084 AT_DATA([[input.y]],
1098 AT_BISON_CHECK([-o input.c input.y])
1102 ## ---------------------------------------------- ##
1103 ## Unreachable States After Conflict Resolution. ##
1104 ## ---------------------------------------------- ##
1106 AT_SETUP([[Unreachable States After Conflict Resolution]])
1108 # If conflict resolution makes states unreachable, remove those states, report
1109 # rules that are then unused, and don't report conflicts in those states. Test
1110 # what happens when a nonterminal becomes useless as a result of state removal
1111 # since that causes lalr.o's goto map to be rewritten.
1113 AT_DATA([[input.y]],
1119 start: resolved_conflict 'a' reported_conflicts 'a' ;
1121 /* S/R conflict resolved as reduce, so the state with item
1122 * (resolved_conflict: 'a' . unreachable1) and all it transition successors are
1123 * unreachable, and the associated production is useless. */
1129 /* S/R conflict that need not be reported since it is unreachable because of
1130 * the previous conflict resolution. Nonterminal unreachable1 and all its
1131 * productions are useless. */
1137 /* Likewise for a R/R conflict and nonterminal unreachable2. */
1140 /* Make sure remaining S/R and R/R conflicts are still reported correctly even
1141 * when their states are renumbered due to state removal. */
1150 AT_BISON_CHECK([[--report=all input.y]], 0, [],
1151 [[input.y: conflicts: 1 shift/reduce, 1 reduce/reduce
1152 input.y:12.5-20: warning: rule useless in parser due to conflicts: resolved_conflict: 'a' unreachable1
1153 input.y:20.5-20: warning: rule useless in parser due to conflicts: unreachable1: 'a' unreachable2
1154 input.y:21.4: warning: rule useless in parser due to conflicts: unreachable1: /* empty */
1155 input.y:25.13: warning: rule useless in parser due to conflicts: unreachable2: /* empty */
1156 input.y:25.16: warning: rule useless in parser due to conflicts: unreachable2: /* empty */
1157 input.y:31.5-7: warning: rule useless in parser due to conflicts: reported_conflicts: 'a'
1158 input.y:32.4: warning: rule useless in parser due to conflicts: reported_conflicts: /* empty */
1161 AT_CHECK([[cat input.output]], 0,
1162 [[Rules useless in parser due to conflicts
1164 2 resolved_conflict: 'a' unreachable1
1166 4 unreachable1: 'a' unreachable2
1169 6 unreachable2: /* empty */
1172 9 reported_conflicts: 'a'
1176 State 4 conflicts: 1 shift/reduce
1177 State 5 conflicts: 1 reduce/reduce
1182 0 $accept: start $end
1184 1 start: resolved_conflict 'a' reported_conflicts 'a'
1186 2 resolved_conflict: 'a' unreachable1
1189 4 unreachable1: 'a' unreachable2
1192 6 unreachable2: /* empty */
1195 8 reported_conflicts: 'a'
1200 Terminals, with rules where they appear
1207 Nonterminals, with rules where they appear
1212 on left: 1, on right: 0
1213 resolved_conflict (6)
1214 on left: 2 3, on right: 1
1216 on left: 4 5, on right: 2
1218 on left: 6 7, on right: 4
1219 reported_conflicts (9)
1220 on left: 8 9 10, on right: 1
1225 0 $accept: . start $end
1226 1 start: . resolved_conflict 'a' reported_conflicts 'a'
1227 2 resolved_conflict: . 'a' unreachable1
1230 $default reduce using rule 3 (resolved_conflict)
1233 resolved_conflict go to state 2
1235 Conflict between rule 3 and token 'a' resolved as reduce (%left 'a').
1240 0 $accept: start . $end
1242 $end shift, and go to state 3
1247 1 start: resolved_conflict . 'a' reported_conflicts 'a'
1249 'a' shift, and go to state 4
1254 0 $accept: start $end .
1261 1 start: resolved_conflict 'a' . reported_conflicts 'a'
1262 8 reported_conflicts: . 'a'
1266 'a' shift, and go to state 5
1268 'a' [reduce using rule 10 (reported_conflicts)]
1270 reported_conflicts go to state 6
1275 8 reported_conflicts: 'a' . ['a']
1278 'a' reduce using rule 8 (reported_conflicts)
1279 'a' [reduce using rule 9 (reported_conflicts)]
1280 $default reduce using rule 8 (reported_conflicts)
1285 1 start: resolved_conflict 'a' reported_conflicts . 'a'
1287 'a' shift, and go to state 7
1292 1 start: resolved_conflict 'a' reported_conflicts 'a' .
1294 $default reduce using rule 1 (start)
1297 AT_DATA([[input-keep.y]],
1298 [[%define lr.keep-unreachable-states
1300 AT_CHECK([[cat input.y >> input-keep.y]])
1302 AT_BISON_CHECK([[input-keep.y]], 0, [],
1303 [[input-keep.y: conflicts: 2 shift/reduce, 2 reduce/reduce
1304 input-keep.y:22.4: warning: rule useless in parser due to conflicts: unreachable1: /* empty */
1305 input-keep.y:26.16: warning: rule useless in parser due to conflicts: unreachable2: /* empty */
1306 input-keep.y:32.5-7: warning: rule useless in parser due to conflicts: reported_conflicts: 'a'
1307 input-keep.y:33.4: warning: rule useless in parser due to conflicts: reported_conflicts: /* empty */
1313 ## ------------------------------------------------------------ ##
1314 ## Solved conflicts report for multiple reductions in a state. ##
1315 ## ------------------------------------------------------------ ##
1317 AT_SETUP([[Solved conflicts report for multiple reductions in a state]])
1319 # Used to lose earlier solved conflict messages even within a single S/R/R.
1321 AT_DATA([[input.y]],
1337 empty_a: %prec 'a' ;
1338 empty_b: %prec 'b' ;
1339 empty_c1: %prec 'c' ;
1340 empty_c2: %prec 'c' ;
1341 empty_c3: %prec 'd' ;
1343 AT_BISON_CHECK([[--report=all -o input.c input.y]], 0, [], [ignore])
1344 AT_CHECK([[cat input.output | sed -n '/^state 0$/,/^state 1$/p']], 0,
1347 0 $accept: . start $end
1360 13 empty_c3: . ['c']
1362 'b' shift, and go to state 1
1364 'c' reduce using rule 13 (empty_c3)
1365 $default reduce using rule 9 (empty_a)
1368 empty_a go to state 3
1369 empty_b go to state 4
1370 empty_c1 go to state 5
1371 empty_c2 go to state 6
1372 empty_c3 go to state 7
1374 Conflict between rule 9 and token 'a' resolved as reduce (%left 'a').
1375 Conflict between rule 10 and token 'b' resolved as shift (%right 'b').
1376 Conflict between rule 11 and token 'c' resolved as shift (%right 'c').
1377 Conflict between rule 12 and token 'c' resolved as shift (%right 'c').
1378 Conflict between rule 13 and token 'c' resolved as reduce ('c' < 'd').
1387 ## ------------------------------------------------------------ ##
1388 ## %nonassoc error actions for multiple reductions in a state. ##
1389 ## ------------------------------------------------------------ ##
1391 # Used to abort when trying to resolve conflicts as %nonassoc error actions for
1392 # multiple reductions in a state.
1394 # For a %nonassoc error action token, used to print the first remaining
1395 # reduction on that token without brackets.
1397 AT_SETUP([[%nonassoc error actions for multiple reductions in a state]])
1399 AT_DATA([[input.y]],
1400 [[%nonassoc 'a' 'b' 'c'
1412 empty_a: %prec 'a' ;
1413 empty_b: %prec 'b' ;
1414 empty_c1: %prec 'c' ;
1415 empty_c2: %prec 'c' ;
1416 empty_c3: %prec 'c' ;
1419 AT_BISON_CHECK([[--report=all -o input.c input.y]], 0, [], [ignore])
1420 AT_CHECK([[cat input.output | sed -n '/^state 0$/,/^state 1$/p']], 0,
1423 0 $accept: . start $end
1435 12 empty_c2: . ['c']
1436 13 empty_c3: . ['c']
1438 'a' error (nonassociative)
1439 'b' error (nonassociative)
1440 'c' error (nonassociative)
1442 'c' [reduce using rule 12 (empty_c2)]
1443 'c' [reduce using rule 13 (empty_c3)]
1446 empty_a go to state 2
1447 empty_b go to state 3
1448 empty_c1 go to state 4
1449 empty_c2 go to state 5
1450 empty_c3 go to state 6
1452 Conflict between rule 9 and token 'a' resolved as an error (%nonassoc 'a').
1453 Conflict between rule 10 and token 'b' resolved as an error (%nonassoc 'b').
1454 Conflict between rule 11 and token 'c' resolved as an error (%nonassoc 'c').
1462 ## --------------------------------- ##
1463 ## -W versus %expect and %expect-rr ##
1464 ## --------------------------------- ##
1466 AT_SETUP([[-W versus %expect and %expect-rr]])
1468 AT_DATA([[sr-rr.y]],
1471 start: 'a' | A 'a' | B 'a' ;
1478 start: 'a' | A 'a' ;
1489 AT_BISON_CHECK([[sr-rr.y]], [[0]], [[]],
1490 [[sr-rr.y: conflicts: 1 shift/reduce, 1 reduce/reduce
1492 AT_BISON_CHECK([[-Wno-conflicts-sr sr-rr.y]], [[0]], [[]],
1493 [[sr-rr.y: conflicts: 1 reduce/reduce
1495 AT_BISON_CHECK([[-Wno-conflicts-rr sr-rr.y]], [[0]], [[]],
1496 [[sr-rr.y: conflicts: 1 shift/reduce
1499 [for gram in sr-rr sr rr; do
1500 for sr_exp_i in '' 0 1 2; do
1501 for rr_exp_i in '' 0 1 2; do
1502 test -z "$sr_exp_i" && test -z "$rr_exp_i" && continue
1504 # Build grammar file.
1509 if test -n "$sr_exp_i"; then
1511 file=$file-expect-$sr_exp
1512 directives="%expect $sr_exp"
1514 if test -n "$rr_exp_i"; then
1516 file=$file-expect-rr-$rr_exp
1517 directives="$directives %expect-rr $rr_exp"
1520 echo "$directives" > $file
1521 cat $gram.y >> $file
1523 # Count actual conflicts.
1527 if test $gram = sr || test $gram = sr-rr; then
1528 conflicts="1 shift/reduce"
1531 if test $gram = rr || test $gram = sr-rr; then
1532 if test -n "$conflicts"; then
1533 conflicts="$conflicts, "
1535 conflicts="${conflicts}1 reduce/reduce"
1540 if test $sr_count -eq $sr_exp && test $rr_count -eq $rr_exp; then
1541 ]AT_BISON_CHECK([[-Wnone $file]])[
1542 ]AT_BISON_CHECK([[-Werror $file]])[
1544 echo "$file: conflicts: $conflicts" > experr
1545 if test $sr_count -ne $sr_exp; then
1546 if test $sr_exp -ne 1; then s=s; else s= ; fi
1547 echo "$file: expected $sr_exp shift/reduce conflict$s" >> experr
1549 if test $rr_count -ne $rr_exp; then
1550 if test $rr_exp -ne 1; then s=s; else s= ; fi
1551 echo "$file: expected $rr_exp reduce/reduce conflict$s" >> experr
1553 ]AT_BISON_CHECK([[-Wnone $file]], [[1]], [[]], [[experr]])[
1554 ]AT_BISON_CHECK([[-Werror $file]], [[1]], [[]], [[experr]])[