set -e
unset GREP_OPTIONS
+export IFS="$(printf "\n\b")"
APT_DIR="/"
eval $(apt-config shell APT_DIR Dir)
}
get_fingerprints_of_keyring() {
- $GPG_CMD --keyring "$1" --with-colons --fingerprint | while read publine; do
+ aptkey_execute "$GPG_SH" --keyring "$1" --with-colons --fingerprint | while read publine; do
# search for a public key
if [ "${publine%%:*}" != 'pub' ]; then continue; fi
# search for the associated fingerprint (should be the very next line)
elif [ "${fprline%%:*}" != 'fpr' ]; then continue; fi
echo "$fprline" | cut -d':' -f 10
done
- done
+ # order in the keyring shouldn't be important
+ done | sort
}
add_keys_with_verify_against_master_keyring() {
# all keys that are exported must have a valid signature
# from a key in the $distro-master-keyring
add_keys="$(get_fingerprints_of_keyring "$ADD_KEYRING")"
- all_add_keys=`$GPG_CMD --keyring $ADD_KEYRING --with-colons --list-keys | grep ^[ps]ub | cut -d: -f5`
- master_keys=`$GPG_CMD --keyring $MASTER --with-colons --list-keys | grep ^pub | cut -d: -f5`
+ all_add_keys=`aptkey_execute "$GPG_SH" --keyring "$ADD_KEYRING" --with-colons --list-keys | grep ^[ps]ub | cut -d: -f5`
+ master_keys=`aptkey_execute "$GPG_SH" --keyring "$MASTER" --with-colons --list-keys | grep ^pub | cut -d: -f5`
# ensure there are no colisions LP: #857472
for all_add_key in $all_add_keys; do
for add_key in $add_keys; do
# export the add keyring one-by-one
local TMP_KEYRING="${GPGHOMEDIR}/tmp-keyring.gpg"
- $GPG_CMD --batch --yes --keyring "$ADD_KEYRING" --output "$TMP_KEYRING" --export "$add_key"
- if ! $GPG_CMD --batch --yes --keyring "$TMP_KEYRING" --import "$MASTER" > "${GPGHOMEDIR}/gpgoutput.log" 2>&1; then
- cat "${GPGHOMEDIR}/gpgoutput.log"
+ aptkey_execute "$GPG_SH" --batch --yes --keyring "$ADD_KEYRING" --output "$TMP_KEYRING" --export "$add_key"
+ if ! aptkey_execute "$GPG_SH" --batch --yes --keyring "$TMP_KEYRING" --import "$MASTER" > "${GPGHOMEDIR}/gpgoutput.log" 2>&1; then
+ cat >&2 "${GPGHOMEDIR}/gpgoutput.log"
false
fi
# check if signed with the master key and only add in this case
ADDED=0
for master_key in $master_keys; do
- if $GPG_CMD --keyring $TMP_KEYRING --check-sigs --with-colons $add_key | grep '^sig:!:' | cut -d: -f5 | grep -q $master_key; then
- $GPG_CMD --batch --yes --keyring "$ADD_KEYRING" --export "$add_key" | $GPG --batch --yes --import
+ if aptkey_execute "$GPG_SH" --keyring "$TMP_KEYRING" --check-sigs --with-colons "$add_key" \
+ | grep '^sig:!:' | cut -d: -f5 | grep -q "$master_key"; then
+ aptkey_execute "$GPG_SH" --batch --yes --keyring "$ADD_KEYRING" --export "$add_key" \
+ | aptkey_execute "$GPG" --batch --yes --import
ADDED=1
fi
done
echo >&2 "ERROR: an installed wget is required for a network-based update"
exit 1
fi
- if [ ! -d ${APT_DIR}/var/lib/apt/keyrings ]; then
- mkdir -p ${APT_DIR}/var/lib/apt/keyrings
+ if [ ! -d "${APT_DIR}/var/lib/apt/keyrings" ]; then
+ mkdir -p "${APT_DIR}/var/lib/apt/keyrings"
fi
- keyring=${APT_DIR}/var/lib/apt/keyrings/$(basename $ARCHIVE_KEYRING_URI)
+ keyring="${APT_DIR}/var/lib/apt/keyrings/$(basename "$ARCHIVE_KEYRING_URI")"
old_mtime=0
if [ -e $keyring ]; then
old_mtime=$(stat -c %Y $keyring)
fi
- (cd ${APT_DIR}/var/lib/apt/keyrings; wget --timeout=90 -q -N $ARCHIVE_KEYRING_URI)
- if [ ! -e $keyring ]; then
+ (cd "${APT_DIR}/var/lib/apt/keyrings"; wget --timeout=90 -q -N "$ARCHIVE_KEYRING_URI")
+ if [ ! -e "$keyring" ]; then
return
fi
- new_mtime=$(stat -c %Y $keyring)
+ new_mtime=$(stat -c %Y "$keyring")
if [ $new_mtime -ne $old_mtime ]; then
aptkey_echo "Checking for new archive signing keys now"
- add_keys_with_verify_against_master_keyring $keyring $MASTER_KEYRING
+ add_keys_with_verify_against_master_keyring "$keyring" "$MASTER_KEYRING"
fi
}
update() {
- if [ ! -f $ARCHIVE_KEYRING ]; then
+ if [ ! -f "$ARCHIVE_KEYRING" ]; then
echo >&2 "ERROR: Can't find the archive-keyring"
echo >&2 "Is the &keyring-package; package installed?"
exit 1
# attacker might as well replace the master-archive-keyring file
# in the package and add his own keys. so this check wouldn't
# add any security. we *need* this check on net-update though
- $GPG_CMD --quiet --batch --keyring $ARCHIVE_KEYRING --export | $GPG --import
+ import_keyring_into_keyring "$ARCHIVE_KEYRING" '' && cat "${GPGHOMEDIR}/gpgoutput.log"
if [ -r "$REMOVED_KEYS" ]; then
# remove no-longer supported/used keys
return
fi
- local GPG="$GPG_CMD --keyring $KEYRINGFILE"
for KEY in "$@"; do
- # check if the key is in this keyring: the key id is in the 5 column at the end
- if ! get_fingerprints_of_keyring "$KEYRINGFILE" | grep -q "^[0-9A-F]*${KEY}$"; then
+ local FINGERPRINTS="${GPGHOMEDIR}/keyringfile.keylst"
+ get_fingerprints_of_keyring "$KEYRINGFILE" > "$FINGERPRINTS"
+ # check if the key is in this keyring
+ if ! grep -iq "^[0-9A-F]*${KEY}$" "$FINGERPRINTS"; then
continue
fi
if [ ! -w "$KEYRINGFILE" ]; then
continue
fi
# check if it is the only key in the keyring and if so remove the keyring altogether
- if [ '1' = "$(get_fingerprints_of_keyring "$KEYRINGFILE" | wc -l)" ]; then
+ if [ '1' = "$(uniq "$FINGERPRINTS" | wc -l)" ]; then
mv -f "$KEYRINGFILE" "${KEYRINGFILE}~" # behave like gpg
return
fi
cp -a "$REALTARGET" "$KEYRINGFILE"
fi
# delete the key from the keyring
- $GPG --batch --delete-key --yes "$KEY"
+ aptkey_execute "$GPG_SH" --keyring "$KEYRINGFILE" --batch --delete-keys --yes "$KEY"
if [ -n "$REALTARGET" ]; then
# the real backup is the old link, not the copy we made
mv -f "${KEYRINGFILE}.dpkg-tmp" "${KEYRINGFILE}~"
foreach_keyring_do() {
local ACTION="$1"
shift
- # if a --keyring was given, just remove from there
+ # if a --keyring was given, just work on this one
if [ -n "$FORCED_KEYRING" ]; then
$ACTION "$FORCED_KEYRING" "$@"
else
local KEYRINGFILE="$1"
shift
# fingerprint and co will fail if key isn't in this keyring
- $GPG_CMD --keyring "$KEYRINGFILE" --batch "$@" 2>/dev/null || true
+ aptkey_execute "$GPG_SH" --keyring "$KEYRINGFILE" --batch "$@" 2>/dev/null || true
}
-import_keys_from_keyring() {
- local IMPORT="$1"
- local KEYRINGFILE="$2"
- if ! $GPG_CMD --keyring "$KEYRINGFILE" --batch --import "$IMPORT" > "${GPGHOMEDIR}/gpgoutput.log" 2>&1; then
- cat "${GPGHOMEDIR}/gpgoutput.log"
- false
+import_keyring_into_keyring() {
+ local FROM="${1:-${GPGHOMEDIR}/pubring.gpg}"
+ local TO="${2:-${GPGHOMEDIR}/pubring.gpg}"
+ shift 2
+ rm -f "${GPGHOMEDIR}/gpgoutput.log"
+ # the idea is simple: We take keys from one keyring and copy it to another
+ # we do this with so many checks in between to ensure that WE control the
+ # creation, so we know that the (potentially) created $TO keyring is a
+ # simple keyring rather than a keybox as gpg2 would create it which in turn
+ # can't be read by gpgv.
+ # BEWARE: This is designed more in the way to work with the current
+ # callers, than to have a well defined it would be easy to add new callers to.
+ if [ ! -s "$TO" ]; then
+ if [ -s "$FROM" ]; then
+ if [ -z "$2" ]; then
+ if ! aptkey_execute "$GPG_SH" --keyring "$FROM" --export ${1:+"$1"} > "$TO" 2> "${GPGHOMEDIR}/gpgoutput.log"; then
+ cat >&2 "${GPGHOMEDIR}/gpgoutput.log"
+ false
+ else
+ chmod 0644 -- "$TO"
+ fi
+ else
+ create_new_keyring "$TO"
+ fi
+ else
+ create_new_keyring "$TO"
+ fi
+ elif [ -s "$FROM" ]; then
+ local EXPORTLIMIT="$1"
+ if [ -n "$1$2" ]; then shift; fi
+ if ! aptkey_execute "$GPG_SH" --keyring "$FROM" --export ${EXPORTLIMIT:+"$EXPORTLIMIT"} \
+ | aptkey_execute "$GPG_SH" --keyring "$TO" --batch --import "$@" > "${GPGHOMEDIR}/gpgoutput.log" 2>&1; then
+ cat >&2 "${GPGHOMEDIR}/gpgoutput.log"
+ false
+ fi
fi
}
-merge_keys_into_keyrings() {
- local KEYRINGFILE="$1"
- local IMPORT="$2"
- if ! $GPG_CMD --keyring "$KEYRINGFILE" --batch --import --import-options 'merge-only' "$IMPORT" > "${GPGHOMEDIR}/gpgoutput.log" 2>&1; then
- cat "${GPGHOMEDIR}/gpgoutput.log"
- false
+merge_all_trusted_keyrings_into_pubring() {
+ # does the same as:
+ # foreach_keyring_do 'import_keys_from_keyring' "${GPGHOMEDIR}/pubring.gpg"
+ # but without using gpg, just cat and find
+ local PUBRING="${GPGHOMEDIR}/pubring.gpg"
+ # if a --keyring was given, just use this one
+ if [ -n "$FORCED_KEYRING" ]; then
+ if [ -s "$FORCED_KEYRING" ]; then
+ cp --dereference "$FORCED_KEYRING" "$PUBRING"
+ fi
+ else
+ # otherwise all known keyrings are merged
+ local TRUSTEDPARTS="/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d"
+ eval $(apt-config shell TRUSTEDPARTS Dir::Etc::TrustedParts/d)
+ if [ -d "$TRUSTEDPARTS" ]; then
+ # ignore errors mostly for non-existing $TRUSTEDFILE
+ {
+ cat "$TRUSTEDFILE" || true
+ for parts in $(find -L "$TRUSTEDPARTS" -type f -name '*.gpg'); do
+ cat "$parts" || true
+ done
+ } > "$PUBRING" 2>/dev/null
+ elif [ -s "$TRUSTEDFILE" ]; then
+ cp --dereference "$TRUSTEDFILE" "$PUBRING"
+ fi
+ fi
+
+ if [ ! -s "$PUBRING" ]; then
+ touch "$PUBRING"
fi
}
+import_keys_from_keyring() {
+ import_keyring_into_keyring "$1" "$2"
+}
+
+merge_keys_into_keyrings() {
+ import_keyring_into_keyring "$2" "$1" '' --import-options 'merge-only'
+}
+
merge_back_changes() {
if [ -n "$FORCED_KEYRING" ]; then
# if the keyring was forced merge is already done
# look for keys which were added or removed
get_fingerprints_of_keyring "${GPGHOMEDIR}/pubring.orig.gpg" > "${GPGHOMEDIR}/pubring.orig.keylst"
get_fingerprints_of_keyring "${GPGHOMEDIR}/pubring.gpg" > "${GPGHOMEDIR}/pubring.keylst"
- sort "${GPGHOMEDIR}/pubring.keylst" "${GPGHOMEDIR}/pubring.orig.keylst" | uniq --unique | while read key; do
- if grep -q "^${key}$" "${GPGHOMEDIR}/pubring.orig.keylst"; then
- # key isn't part of new keyring, so remove
- foreach_keyring_do 'remove_key_from_keyring' "$key"
- elif grep -q "^${key}$" "${GPGHOMEDIR}/pubring.keylst"; then
- # key is part of new keyring, so we need to import it
- create_new_keyring "$TRUSTEDFILE"
- if ! $GPG --batch --yes --export "$key" | $GPG_CMD --keyring "$TRUSTEDFILE" --batch --yes --import > "${GPGHOMEDIR}/gpgoutput.log" 2>&1; then
- cat "${GPGHOMEDIR}/gpgoutput.log"
- false
- fi
- else
- echo >&2 "Errror: Key ${key} (dis)appeared out of nowhere"
- fi
+ comm -3 "${GPGHOMEDIR}/pubring.keylst" "${GPGHOMEDIR}/pubring.orig.keylst" > "${GPGHOMEDIR}/pubring.diff"
+ # key isn't part of new keyring, so remove
+ cut -f 2 "${GPGHOMEDIR}/pubring.diff" | while read key; do
+ if [ -z "$key" ]; then continue; fi
+ foreach_keyring_do 'remove_key_from_keyring' "$key"
+ done
+ # key is only part of new keyring, so we need to import it
+ cut -f 1 "${GPGHOMEDIR}/pubring.diff" | while read key; do
+ if [ -z "$key" ]; then continue; fi
+ import_keyring_into_keyring '' "$TRUSTEDFILE" "$key"
done
}
setup_merged_keyring() {
- if [ -z "$FORCED_KEYRING" ]; then
- foreach_keyring_do 'import_keys_from_keyring' "${GPGHOMEDIR}/pubring.gpg"
+ if [ -n "$FORCED_KEYID" ]; then
+ merge_all_trusted_keyrings_into_pubring
+ FORCED_KEYRING="${GPGHOMEDIR}/forcedkeyid.gpg"
+ TRUSTEDFILE="${FORCED_KEYRING}"
+ echo "#!/bin/sh
+exec sh \"${GPG}\" --keyring \"${TRUSTEDFILE}\" \"\$@\"" > "${GPGHOMEDIR}/gpg.1.sh"
+ GPG="${GPGHOMEDIR}/gpg.1.sh"
+ # ignore error as this "just" means we haven't found the forced keyid and the keyring will be empty
+ import_keyring_into_keyring '' "$TRUSTEDFILE" "$FORCED_KEYID" || true
+ elif [ -z "$FORCED_KEYRING" ]; then
+ merge_all_trusted_keyrings_into_pubring
if [ -r "${GPGHOMEDIR}/pubring.gpg" ]; then
cp -a "${GPGHOMEDIR}/pubring.gpg" "${GPGHOMEDIR}/pubring.orig.gpg"
else
touch "${GPGHOMEDIR}/pubring.gpg" "${GPGHOMEDIR}/pubring.orig.gpg"
fi
- GPG="$GPG --keyring ${GPGHOMEDIR}/pubring.gpg"
+ echo "#!/bin/sh
+exec sh \"${GPG}\" --keyring \"${GPGHOMEDIR}/pubring.gpg\" \"\$@\"" > "${GPGHOMEDIR}/gpg.1.sh"
+ GPG="${GPGHOMEDIR}/gpg.1.sh"
else
- GPG="$GPG --keyring $TRUSTEDFILE"
create_new_keyring "$TRUSTEDFILE"
+ echo "#!/bin/sh
+exec sh \"${GPG}\" --keyring \"${TRUSTEDFILE}\" \"\$@\"" > "${GPGHOMEDIR}/gpg.1.sh"
+ GPG="${GPGHOMEDIR}/gpg.1.sh"
fi
}
fi
}
+aptkey_execute() { sh "$@"; }
+
usage() {
echo "Usage: apt-key [--keyring file] [command] [arguments]"
echo
TRUSTEDFILE="$1"
FORCED_KEYRING="$1"
;;
+ --keyid)
+ shift
+ FORCED_KEYID="$1"
+ ;;
--secret-keyring)
shift
FORCED_SECRET_KEYRING="$1"
;;
--readonly)
merge_back_changes() { true; }
+ create_new_keyring() { if [ ! -r "$FORCED_KEYRING" ]; then TRUSTEDFILE='/dev/null'; FORCED_KEYRING="$TRUSTEDFILE"; fi; }
;;
--fakeroot)
requires_root() { true; }
--quiet)
aptkey_echo() { true; }
;;
+ --debug1)
+ # some cmds like finger redirect stderr to /dev/null …
+ aptkey_execute() { echo 'EXEC:' "$@"; sh "$@"; }
+ ;;
+ --debug2)
+ # … other more complicated ones pipe gpg into gpg.
+ aptkey_execute() { echo >&2 'EXEC:' "$@"; sh "$@"; }
+ ;;
--*)
echo >&2 "Unknown option: $1"
usage
fi
shift
-if [ "$command" != "help" ]; then
+create_gpg_home() {
+ # gpg needs (in different versions more or less) files to function correctly,
+ # so we give it its own homedir and generate some valid content for it later on
+ if [ -n "$TMPDIR" ]; then
+ # tmpdir is a directory and current user has rwx access to it
+ # same tests as in apt-pkg/contrib/fileutl.cc GetTempDir()
+ if [ ! -d "$TMPDIR" ] || [ ! -r "$TMPDIR" ] || [ ! -w "$TMPDIR" ] || [ ! -x "$TMPDIR" ]; then
+ unset TMPDIR
+ fi
+ fi
+ GPGHOMEDIR="$(mktemp -d)"
+ CURRENTTRAP="${CURRENTTRAP} rm -rf '${GPGHOMEDIR}';"
+ trap "${CURRENTTRAP}" 0 HUP INT QUIT ILL ABRT FPE SEGV PIPE TERM
+ chmod 700 "$GPGHOMEDIR"
+}
+
+prepare_gpg_home() {
eval $(apt-config shell GPG_EXE Apt::Key::gpgcommand)
if [ -n "$GPG_EXE" ] && which "$GPG_EXE" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
GPG_EXE="gpg2"
else
echo >&2 "Error: gnupg or gnupg2 do not seem to be installed,"
- echo >&2 "Error: but apt-key requires gnupg or gnupg2 for operation."
+ echo >&2 "Error: but apt-key requires gnupg or gnupg2 for this operation."
echo >&2
exit 255
fi
- GPG_CMD="$GPG_EXE --ignore-time-conflict --no-options --no-default-keyring"
+ create_gpg_home
- # gpg needs (in different versions more or less) files to function correctly,
- # so we give it its own homedir and generate some valid content for it
- if [ -n "$TMPDIR" ]; then
- # tmpdir is a directory and current user has rwx access to it
- # same tests as in apt-pkg/contrib/fileutl.cc GetTempDir()
- if [ ! -d "$TMPDIR" ] || [ ! -r "$TMPDIR" ] || [ ! -w "$TMPDIR" ] || [ ! -x "$TMPDIR" ]; then
- unset TMPDIR
- fi
- fi
- GPGHOMEDIR="$(mktemp -d)"
- CURRENTTRAP="${CURRENTTRAP} rm -rf '${GPGHOMEDIR}';"
- trap "${CURRENTTRAP}" 0 HUP INT QUIT ILL ABRT FPE SEGV PIPE TERM
- chmod 700 "$GPGHOMEDIR"
# We don't use a secret keyring, of course, but gpg panics and
# implodes if there isn't one available - and writeable for imports
SECRETKEYRING="${GPGHOMEDIR}/secring.gpg"
- touch $SECRETKEYRING
- GPG_CMD="$GPG_CMD --homedir $GPGHOMEDIR"
+ touch "$SECRETKEYRING"
+
# create the trustdb with an (empty) dummy keyring
# older gpgs required it, newer gpgs even warn that it isn't needed,
# but require it nonetheless for some commands, so we just play safe
# here for the foreseeable future and create a dummy one
- $GPG_CMD --quiet --check-trustdb --keyring $SECRETKEYRING >/dev/null 2>&1
+ if ! "$GPG_EXE" --ignore-time-conflict --no-options --no-default-keyring \
+ --homedir "$GPGHOMEDIR" --quiet --check-trustdb --keyring "$SECRETKEYRING" >"${GPGHOMEDIR}/gpgoutput.log" 2>&1; then
+ cat >&2 "${GPGHOMEDIR}/gpgoutput.log"
+ false
+ fi
# tell gpg that it shouldn't try to maintain a trustdb file
- GPG_CMD="$GPG_CMD --no-auto-check-trustdb --trust-model always"
- GPG="$GPG_CMD"
+ echo "#!/bin/sh
+exec \"${GPG_EXE}\" --ignore-time-conflict --no-options --no-default-keyring \\
+ --homedir \"${GPGHOMEDIR}\" --no-auto-check-trustdb --trust-model always \"\$@\"" > "${GPGHOMEDIR}/gpg.0.sh"
+ GPG_SH="${GPGHOMEDIR}/gpg.0.sh"
+ GPG="$GPG_SH"
# for advanced operations, we might really need a secret keyring after all
if [ -n "$FORCED_SECRET_KEYRING" ] && [ -r "$FORCED_SECRET_KEYRING" ]; then
rm -f "$SECRETKEYRING"
cp -a "$FORCED_SECRET_KEYRING" "$SECRETKEYRING"
fi
+
+ # older gpg versions need a secring file, but newer versions take it as
+ # a hint to start a migration from earlier versions. The file is empty
+ # anyhow, so nothing actually happens, but its three lines of output
+ # nobody expects to see in apt-key context, so trigger it in silence
+ echo -n | aptkey_execute "$GPG" --batch --import >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
+}
+
+if [ "$command" != 'help' ] && [ "$command" != 'verify' ]; then
+ prepare_gpg_home
fi
case "$command" in
add)
requires_root
setup_merged_keyring
- $GPG --quiet --batch --import "$@"
+ aptkey_execute "$GPG" --quiet --batch --import "$@"
merge_back_changes
aptkey_echo "OK"
;;
foreach_keyring_do 'run_cmd_on_keyring' --fingerprint "$@"
;;
export|exportall)
- foreach_keyring_do 'import_keys_from_keyring' "${GPGHOMEDIR}/pubring.gpg"
- $GPG_CMD --keyring "${GPGHOMEDIR}/pubring.gpg" --armor --export "$@"
+ merge_all_trusted_keyrings_into_pubring
+ aptkey_execute "$GPG_SH" --keyring "${GPGHOMEDIR}/pubring.gpg" --armor --export "$@"
;;
adv*)
setup_merged_keyring
aptkey_echo "Executing: $GPG $*"
- $GPG "$@"
+ aptkey_execute "$GPG" "$@"
merge_back_changes
;;
verify)
+ GPGV=''
+ eval $(apt-config shell GPGV Apt::Key::gpgvcommand)
+ if [ -n "$GPGV" ] && which "$GPGV" >/dev/null 2>&1; then true;
+ elif which gpgv >/dev/null 2>&1; then GPGV='gpgv';
+ elif which gpgv2 >/dev/null 2>&1; then GPGV='gpgv2';
+ else
+ echo >&2 'ERROR: gpgv or gpgv2 required for verification'
+ exit 29
+ fi
+ # for a forced keyid we need gpg --export, so full wrapping required
+ if [ -n "$FORCED_KEYID" ]; then
+ prepare_gpg_home
+ else
+ create_gpg_home
+ fi
setup_merged_keyring
- if which gpgv >/dev/null 2>&1; then
- gpgv --homedir "${GPGHOMEDIR}" --keyring "${GPGHOMEDIR}/pubring.gpg" --ignore-time-conflict "$@"
+ if [ -n "$FORCED_KEYRING" ]; then
+ "$GPGV" --homedir "${GPGHOMEDIR}" --keyring "${FORCED_KEYRING}" --ignore-time-conflict "$@"
else
- $GPG --verify "$@"
+ "$GPGV" --homedir "${GPGHOMEDIR}" --keyring "${GPGHOMEDIR}/pubring.gpg" --ignore-time-conflict "$@"
fi
;;
help)