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.\" $Id: apt-get.8,v 1.1 1998/07/02 02:58:12 jgg Exp $\r
.\" This manpage is copyright (C) 1998 Branden Robinson <branden@debian.org>.\r
.\" \r
.\" This is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify\r
.\" it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as\r
.\" published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2,\r
.\" or (at your option) any later version.\r
.\"\r
.\" This is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but\r
.\" WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of\r
.\" MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the\r
.\" GNU General Public License for more details.\r
.\"\r
.\" You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public\r
.\" License along with APT; if not, write to the Free Software\r
.\" Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA \r
.\" 02111-1307 USA\r
.TH apt-get 8 "16 June 1998" "Debian GNU/Linux"\r
.SH NAME\r
apt-get \- APT package handling utility \(em command-line interface\r
.SH SYNOPSIS\r
.B apt-get\r
.RI [ options ]\r
.RI [ command ]\r
.RI [ package\r
.IR ... ]\r
.SH DESCRIPTION\r
.B apt-get\r
is the command-line tool for handling packages, and may be considered the\r
user's "back-end" to\r
.BR apt (8).\r
Use\r
.BR apt (8)\r
if the usage of apt-get does not seem intuitive.\r
.PP\r
.I command\r
is one of\r
.RS\r
.PD 0\r
.B update\r
.PP\r
.B upgrade\r
.PP\r
.B dselect-upgrade\r
.PP\r
.B dist-upgrade\r
.PP\r
.B install\r
.PP\r
.B check\r
.PP\r
.B clean\r
.RE\r
.PD 1\r
.PP\r
Unless one of the\r
.IR -h ,\r
.IR --help ,\r
.IR -f ,\r
or\r
.I --fix-broken\r
options is given, one of the above commands must be present. Only the\r
.B install\r
command requires any further arguments.\r
.SS update\r
.B update\r
is used to resynchronize the package overview files from their\r
sources. The overviews of available packages are fetched from the\r
location(s) specified in\r
.IR /etc/apt/sources.list .\r
For example, when using a Debian archive, this command retrieves and\r
scans the\r
.I Packages.gz\r
files, so that information about new and updated packages is available. An\r
.B update\r
should always be performed before an\r
.B upgrade\r
or\r
.BR dist-upgrade .\r
.SS upgrade\r
.B upgrade\r
is used to install the newest versions of all packages currently installed\r
on the system from the sources enumerated in\r
.IR /etc/apt/sources.list .\r
Packages currently installed with new versions available are retrieved\r
and upgraded; under no circumstances are currently installed packages\r
removed, or packages not already installed retrieved and installed. New\r
versions of currently installed packages that cannot be upgraded without\r
changing the install status of another package will be left at their\r
current version. An\r
.B update\r
must be performed first so that\r
.B apt-get\r
knows that new versions of packages are available.\r
.SS dselect-upgrade\r
.B dselect-upgrade\r
is used in conjunction with the traditional Debian GNU/Linux packaging\r
front-end,\r
.BR dselect (8). " dselect-upgrade"\r
follows the changes made by\r
.B dselect\r
to the\r
.I Status\r
field of available packages, and performs the actions necessary to realize\r
that state (for instance, the removal of old and the installation of new\r
packages).\r
.B dselect-upgrade\r
does not attempt to intelligently address dependency issues as\r
.B dist-upgrade\r
or\r
.B install\r
do. If any dependency problems arise,\r
.B apt-get\r
aborts without performing any of the actions requested, even those\r
without problems.\r
.B dselect-upgrade\r
is only useful to users of\r
.B dselect\r
and the\r
.I .deb\r
package file format. The\r
.I /etc/apt/sources.list\r
file contains a list of locations from which to retrieve desired package\r
files.\r
.SS dist-upgrade\r
.BR dist-upgrade ,\r
in addition to performing the function of\r
.BR upgrade ,\r
also intelligently handles changing dependencies with new versions of\r
packages;\r
.B apt-get\r
has a "smart" conflict resolution system, and it will attempt to upgrade\r
the most important packages at the expense of less important ones if\r
necessary. The\r
.I /etc/apt/sources.list\r
file contains a list of locations from which to retrieve desired package\r
files.\r
.SS install\r
.B install\r
is followed by one or more\r
.I packages\r
desired for installation. Each\r
.I package\r
is a package name, not a fully qualified filename (for instance, in a\r
Debian GNU/Linux system,\r
.I lsdo\r
would be the argument provided, not\r
.IR ldso_1.9.6-2.deb ).\r
All packages required by the package(s) specified for installation will\r
also be retrieved and installed. The\r
.I /etc/apt/sources.list\r
file is used to locate the desired packages. If a hyphen is appended to\r
the package name (with no intervening space), the identified package will\r
be removed if it is installed. This latter feature may be used to override\r
decisions made by apt-get's conflict resolution system.\r
.SS check\r
.B check\r
is a diagnostic tool; it updates the package cache and checks for broken\r
packages.\r
.SS clean\r
.B clean\r
clears out the local repository of retrieved package files. It removes\r
everything but the lock file from\r
.I /var/cache/apt/archives/\r
and\r
.IR /var/cache/apt/archives/partial/ .\r
When APT is used as a\r
.BR dselect (8)\r
method,\r
.B\r
clean\r
is run automatically.  Those who do not use dselect will likely want to\r
run\r
.B\r
apt-get clean\r
from time to time to free up disk space.\r
.SH OPTIONS\r
.TP\r
.IR \-d , " --download-only"\r
Download only; package files are only retrieved, not unpacked or installed.\r
.TP\r
.IR \-f , " --fix-broken"\r
Fix; attempt to correct a system with broken dependencies in            \r
place. This option may be used alone or in conjunction with any of the  \r
command actions, and is sometimes necessary when running APT for the    \r
first time; APT itself does not allow broken package dependencies to    \r
exist on a system. It is possible that a system's dependency structure  \r
can be so corrupt as to require manual intervention (which usually      \r
means using dselect or dpkg --remove to eliminate some of the offending \r
packages). Use of this option together with -m is discouraged.          \r
.TP\r
.IR \-h , " --help"\r
Help; display a helpful usage message and exit.\r
.TP\r
.IR \-m , " --ignore-missing"\r
Ignore missing packages; If packages cannot be retrieved or fail the    \r
integrity check after retrieval (corrupted package files), hold back    \r
those packages and handle the result. Use of this option together with  \r
-f is discouraged.                                                      \r
.TP\r
.IR \-q , " --silent"\r
Quiet; produces output suitable for logging, omitting progress indicators.\r
.TP\r
.I \-qq\r
Very quiet; no output except for errors.\r
.TP\r
.IR \-s , " --simulate" , " --just-print" , " --dry-run" , " --recon " , " --no-act"\r
No action; perform a simulation of events that would occur but do not\r
actually change the system.\r
.TP\r
.IR \-y , " --yes" , " --assume-yes"\r
Automatic yes to prompts; assume "yes" as answer to all prompts and run\r
non-interactively.\r
.SH FILES\r
.TP\r
.I /etc/apt/sources.list\r
see\r
.BR sources.list (5)\r
.TP\r
.I /var/cache/apt/archives/\r
storage area for retrieved package files\r
.TP\r
.I /var/cache/apt/archives/partial/\r
storage area for package files in transit\r
.TP\r
.I /var/state/apt/lists/\r
storage area for state information for each package resource specified in\r
.I /etc/apt/sources.list\r
.TP\r
.I /var/state/apt/lists/partial/\r
storage area for state information in transit\r
.SH SEE ALSO\r
.BR apt (8),\r
.BR apt-cache (8),\r
.BR dpkg (8),\r
.BR dselect (8),\r
.BR sources.list (5)\r
.SH DIAGNOSTICS\r
apt-get returns zero on normal operation, decimal 100 on error.\r
.SH BUGS\r
See <http://www.debian.org/Bugs/db/pa/lapt.html>.  If you wish to report a\r
bug in\r
.BR apt-get ,\r
please see\r
.I /usr/doc/debian/bug-reporting.txt\r
or the\r
.BR bug (1)\r
command.\r
.SH AUTHOR\r
apt-get was written by the APT team <apt@packages.debian.org>.\r