install/install.1

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  32 .\"     From: @(#)install.1     8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93
  33 .\" $FreeBSD: src/usr.bin/xinstall/install.1,v 1.21 2001/05/30 09:45:47 ru Exp $
  34 .\"
  35 .Dd May 7, 2001
  36 .Dt INSTALL 1
  37 .Os
  38 .Sh NAME
  39 .Nm install
  40 .Nd install binaries
  41 .Sh SYNOPSIS
  42 .Nm install
  43 .Op Fl bCcMpSsv
  44 .Op Fl B Ar suffix
  45 .Op Fl f Ar flags
  46 .Op Fl g Ar group
  47 .Op Fl m Ar mode
  48 .Op Fl o Ar owner
  49 .Ar file1 file2
  50 .Nm install
  51 .Op Fl bCcMpSsv
  52 .Op Fl B Ar suffix
  53 .Op Fl f Ar flags
  54 .Op Fl g Ar group
  55 .Op Fl m Ar mode
  56 .Op Fl o Ar owner
  57 .Ar file1 ... fileN directory
  58 .Nm install
  59 .Fl d
  60 .Op Fl v
  61 .Op Fl g Ar group
  62 .Op Fl m Ar mode
  63 .Op Fl o Ar owner
  64 .Ar directory ...
  65 .Sh DESCRIPTION
  66 The file(s) are copied
  67 to the target file or directory.
  68 If the destination is a directory, then the
  69 .Ar file
  70 is copied into
  71 .Ar directory
  72 with its original filename.
  73 If the target file already exists, it is
  74 either renamed to
  75 .Ar file Ns Pa .old
  76 if the
  77 .Fl b
  78 option is given
  79 or overwritten
  80 if permissions allow.
  81 An alternate backup suffix may be specified via the
  82 .Fl B
  83 option's argument.
  84 .Pp
  85 The options are as follows:
  86 .Bl -tag -width indent
  87 .\" ==========
  88 .It Fl B Ar suffix
  89 Use
  90 .Ar suffix
  91 as the backup suffix if
  92 .Fl b
  93 is given.
  94 .\" ==========
  95 .It Fl b
  96 Back up any existing files before overwriting them by renaming
  97 them to
  98 .Ar file Ns Pa .old .
  99 See
 100 .Fl B
 101 for specifying a different backup suffix.
 102 .\" ==========
 103 .It Fl C
 104 Copy the file.
 105 If the target file already exists and the files are the same,
 106 then don't change the modification time of the target.
 107 .\" ==========
 108 .It Fl c
 109 Copy the file.
 110 This is actually the default.
 111 The
 112 .Fl c
 113 option is only included for backwards compatibility.
 114 .\" ==========
 115 .It Fl d
 116 Create directories.
 117 Missing parent directories are created as required.
 118 .\" ==========
 119 .It Fl f
 120 Specify the target's file flags; see
 121 .Xr chflags 1
 122 for a list of possible flags and their meanings.
 123 .\" ==========
 124 .It Fl g
 125 Specify a group.
 126 A numeric GID is allowed.
 127 .\" ==========
 128 .It Fl M
 129 Disable all use of
 130 .Xr mmap 2 .
 131 .\" ==========
 132 .It Fl m
 133 Specify an alternate mode.
 134 The default mode is set to rwxr-xr-x (0755).
 135 The specified mode may be either an octal or symbolic value; see
 136 .Xr chmod 1
 137 for a description of possible mode values.
 138 .\" ==========
 139 .It Fl o
 140 Specify an owner.
 141 A numeric UID is allowed.
 142 .\" ==========
 143 .It Fl p
 144 Preserve the modification time.
 145 Copy the file, as if the
 146 .Fl C
 147 (compare and copy) option is specified,
 148 except if the target file doesn't already exist or is different,
 149 then preserve the modification time of the file.
 150 .\" ==========
 151 .It Fl S
 152 Safe copy.
 153 Normally,
 154 .Nm install
 155 unlinks an existing target before installing the new file.
 156 With the
 157 .Fl S
 158 flag a temporary file is used and then renamed to be
 159 the target.
 160 The reason this is safer is that if the copy or
 161 rename fails, the existing target is left untouched.
 162 .\" ==========
 163 .It Fl s
 164 .Nm install
 165 exec's the command
 166 .Xr strip 1
 167 to strip binaries so that
 168 .Nm install
 169 can be portable over a large
 170 number of systems and binary types.
 171 .\" ==========
 172 .It Fl v
 173 Causes
 174 .Nm install
 175 to show when
 176 .Fl C
 177 actually installs something.
 178 .El
 179 .Pp
 180 By default,
 181 .Nm install
 182 preserves all file flags, with the exception of the
 183 .Dq nodump
 184 flag.
 185 .Pp
 186 The
 187 .Nm install
 188 utility attempts to prevent moving a file onto itself.
 189 .Pp
 190 Installing
 191 .Pa /dev/null
 192 creates an empty file.
 193 .Sh DIAGNOSTICS
 194 The
 195 .Nm install
 196 utility exits 0 on success, and 1 otherwise.
 197 .Sh FILES
 198 .Bl -tag -width INS@XXXX -compact
 199 .It Pa INS@XXXX
 200 If either
 201 .Fl S
 202 option is specified, or the
 203 .Fl C
 204 or
 205 .Fl p
 206 option is used in conjuction with the
 207 .Fl s
 208 option, temporary files named
 209 .Pa INS@XXXX ,
 210 where
 211 .Pa XXXX
 212 is decided by
 213 .Xr mkstemp 3 ,
 214 are created in the target directory.
 215 .El
 216 .Sh COMPATIBILITY
 217 Historically
 218 .Nm install
 219 moved files by default.
 220 The default was changed to copy in
 221 .Fx 4.4 .
 222 .Sh SEE ALSO
 223 .Xr chflags 1 ,
 224 .Xr chgrp 1 ,
 225 .Xr chmod 1 ,
 226 .Xr cp 1 ,
 227 .Xr mv 1 ,
 228 .Xr strip 1 ,
 229 .Xr mmap 2 ,
 230 .Xr chown 8
 231 .Sh HISTORY
 232 The
 233 .Nm install
 234 utility appeared in
 235 .Bx 4.2 .
 236 .Sh BUGS
 237 Temporary files may be left in the target directory if
 238 .Nm install
 239 exits abnormally.
 240 .Pp
 241 File flags cannot be set by
 242 .Xr fchflags 2
 243 over a NFS file system.  Other file systems do not have a concept of flags.
 244 .Nm install
 245 will only warn when flags could not be set on a file system
 246 that does not support them.
 247 .Pp
 248 .Nm install
 249 with
 250 .Fl v
 251 falsely says a file is copied when
 252 .Fl C
 253 snaps hard links.