cp/cp.c

   1 /*      $NetBSD: cp.c,v 1.24 1998/08/19 01:29:11 thorpej Exp $  */
   2
   3 /*
   4  * Copyright (c) 1988, 1993, 1994
   5  *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
   6  *
   7  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
   8  * David Hitz of Auspex Systems Inc.
   9  *
  10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
  11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
  12  * are met:
  13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  18  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
  19  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
  20  *      This product includes software developed by the University of
  21  *      California, Berkeley and its contributors.
  22  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
  23  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
  24  *    without specific prior written permission.
  25  *
  26  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
  27  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  28  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  29  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
  30  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
  31  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
  32  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
  33  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
  34  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
  35  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
  36  * SUCH DAMAGE.
  37  */
  38
  39 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
  40 #ifndef lint
  41 __COPYRIGHT(
  42 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1988, 1993, 1994\n\
  43         The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n");
  44 #endif /* not lint */
  45
  46 #ifndef lint
  47 #if 0
  48 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)cp.c        8.5 (Berkeley) 4/29/95";
  49 #else
  50 __RCSID("$NetBSD: cp.c,v 1.24 1998/08/19 01:29:11 thorpej Exp $");
  51 #endif
  52 #endif /* not lint */
  53
  54 /*
  55  * Cp copies source files to target files.
  56  *
  57  * The global PATH_T structure "to" always contains the path to the
  58  * current target file.  Since fts(3) does not change directories,
  59  * this path can be either absolute or dot-relative.
  60  *
  61  * The basic algorithm is to initialize "to" and use fts(3) to traverse
  62  * the file hierarchy rooted in the argument list.  A trivial case is the
  63  * case of 'cp file1 file2'.  The more interesting case is the case of
  64  * 'cp file1 file2 ... fileN dir' where the hierarchy is traversed and the
  65  * path (relative to the root of the traversal) is appended to dir (stored
  66  * in "to") to form the final target path.
  67  */
  68
  69 #include <sys/param.h>
  70 #include <sys/stat.h>
  71 #include <sys/mman.h>
  72 #include <sys/time.h>
  73
  74 #include <dirent.h>
  75 #include <err.h>
  76 #include <errno.h>
  77 #include <fcntl.h>
  78 #include <fts.h>
  79 #include <stdio.h>
  80 #include <stdlib.h>
  81 #include <string.h>
  82 #include <unistd.h>
  83
  84 #include "extern.h"
  85
  86 #define STRIP_TRAILING_SLASH(p) {                                       \
  87         while ((p).p_end > (p).p_path + 1 && (p).p_end[-1] == '/')      \
  88                 *--(p).p_end = 0;                                       \
  89 }
  90
  91 PATH_T to = { to.p_path, "" };
  92
  93 uid_t myuid;
  94 int Rflag, iflag, pflag, rflag, fflag;
  95 mode_t myumask;
  96
  97 enum op { FILE_TO_FILE, FILE_TO_DIR, DIR_TO_DNE };
  98
  99 int main __P((int, char *[]));
 100 int copy __P((char *[], enum op, int));
 101 int mastercmp __P((const FTSENT **, const FTSENT **));
 102
 103 int
 104 main(argc, argv)
 105         int argc;
 106         char *argv[];
 107 {
 108         struct stat to_stat, tmp_stat;
 109         enum op type;
 110         int Hflag, Lflag, Pflag, ch, fts_options, r;
 111         char *target;
 112
 113         Hflag = Lflag = Pflag = Rflag = 0;
 114         while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "HLPRfipr")) != -1)
 115                 switch (ch) {
 116                 case 'H':
 117                         Hflag = 1;
 118                         Lflag = Pflag = 0;
 119                         break;
 120                 case 'L':
 121                         Lflag = 1;
 122                         Hflag = Pflag = 0;
 123                         break;
 124                 case 'P':
 125                         Pflag = 1;
 126                         Hflag = Lflag = 0;
 127                         break;
 128                 case 'R':
 129                         Rflag = 1;
 130                         break;
 131                 case 'f':
 132                         fflag = 1;
 133                         iflag = 0;
 134                         break;
 135                 case 'i':
 136                         iflag = isatty(fileno(stdin));
 137                         fflag = 0;
 138                         break;
 139                 case 'p':
 140                         pflag = 1;
 141                         break;
 142                 case 'r':
 143                         rflag = 1;
 144                         break;
 145                 case '?':
 146                 default:
 147                         usage();
 148                         break;
 149                 }
 150         argc -= optind;
 151         argv += optind;
 152
 153         if (argc < 2)
 154                 usage();
 155
 156         fts_options = FTS_NOCHDIR | FTS_PHYSICAL;
 157         if (rflag) {
 158                 if (Rflag)
 159                         errx(1,
 160                     "the -R and -r options may not be specified together.");
 161                 if (Hflag || Lflag || Pflag)
 162                         errx(1,
 163         "the -H, -L, and -P options may not be specified with the -r option.");
 164                 fts_options &= ~FTS_PHYSICAL;
 165                 fts_options |= FTS_LOGICAL;
 166         }
 167         if (Rflag) {
 168                 if (Hflag)
 169                         fts_options |= FTS_COMFOLLOW;
 170                 if (Lflag) {
 171                         fts_options &= ~FTS_PHYSICAL;
 172                         fts_options |= FTS_LOGICAL;
 173                 }
 174         } else {
 175                 fts_options &= ~FTS_PHYSICAL;
 176                 fts_options |= FTS_LOGICAL;
 177         }
 178
 179         myuid = getuid();
 180
 181         /* Copy the umask for explicit mode setting. */
 182         myumask = umask(0);
 183         (void)umask(myumask);
 184
 185         /* Save the target base in "to". */
 186         target = argv[--argc];
 187         if (strlen(target) > MAXPATHLEN)
 188                 errx(1, "%s: name too long", target);
 189         (void)strcpy(to.p_path, target);
 190         to.p_end = to.p_path + strlen(to.p_path);
 191         if (to.p_path == to.p_end) {
 192                 *to.p_end++ = '.';
 193                 *to.p_end = 0;
 194         }
 195         STRIP_TRAILING_SLASH(to);
 196         to.target_end = to.p_end;
 197
 198         /* Set end of argument list for fts(3). */
 199         argv[argc] = NULL;
 200
 201         /*
 202          * Cp has two distinct cases:
 203          *
 204          * cp [-R] source target
 205          * cp [-R] source1 ... sourceN directory
 206          *
 207          * In both cases, source can be either a file or a directory.
 208          *
 209          * In (1), the target becomes a copy of the source. That is, if the
 210          * source is a file, the target will be a file, and likewise for
 211          * directories.
 212          *
 213          * In (2), the real target is not directory, but "directory/source".
 214          */
 215         r = stat(to.p_path, &to_stat);
 216         if (r == -1 && errno != ENOENT)
 217                 err(1, "%s", to.p_path);
 218         if (r == -1 || !S_ISDIR(to_stat.st_mode)) {
 219                 /*
 220                  * Case (1).  Target is not a directory.
 221                  */
 222                 if (argc > 1) {
 223                         usage();
 224                         exit(1);
 225                 }
 226                 /*
 227                  * Need to detect the case:
 228                  *      cp -R dir foo
 229                  * Where dir is a directory and foo does not exist, where
 230                  * we want pathname concatenations turned on but not for
 231                  * the initial mkdir().
 232                  */
 233                 if (r == -1) {
 234                         if (rflag || (Rflag && (Lflag || Hflag)))
 235                                 r = stat(*argv, &tmp_stat);
 236                         else
 237                                 r = lstat(*argv, &tmp_stat);
 238                         if (r == -1)
 239                                 err(1, "%s", *argv);
 240
 241                         if (S_ISDIR(tmp_stat.st_mode) && (Rflag || rflag))
 242                                 type = DIR_TO_DNE;
 243                         else
 244                                 type = FILE_TO_FILE;
 245                 } else
 246                         type = FILE_TO_FILE;
 247         } else {
 248                 /*
 249                  * Case (2).  Target is a directory.
 250                  */
 251                 type = FILE_TO_DIR;
 252         }
 253
 254         exit (copy(argv, type, fts_options));
 255         /* NOTREACHED */
 256 }
 257
 258 int
 259 copy(argv, type, fts_options)
 260         char *argv[];
 261         enum op type;
 262         int fts_options;
 263 {
 264         struct stat to_stat;
 265         FTS *ftsp;
 266         FTSENT *curr;
 267         int base, dne, nlen, rval;
 268         char *p, *tmp;
 269
 270         base = 0;       /* XXX gcc -Wuninitialized (see comment below) */
 271
 272         if ((ftsp = fts_open(argv, fts_options, mastercmp)) == NULL)
 273                 err(1, argv[0]);
 274         for (rval = 0; (curr = fts_read(ftsp)) != NULL;) {
 275                 switch (curr->fts_info) {
 276                 case FTS_NS:
 277                 case FTS_ERR:
 278                         warnx("%s: %s",
 279                             curr->fts_path, strerror(curr->fts_errno));
 280                         rval = 1;
 281                         continue;
 282                 case FTS_DC:                    /* Warn, continue. */
 283                         warnx("%s: directory causes a cycle", curr->fts_path);
 284                         rval = 1;
 285                         continue;
 286                 }
 287
 288                 /*
 289                  * If we are in case (2) or (3) above, we need to append the
 290                  * source name to the target name.
 291                  */
 292                 if (type != FILE_TO_FILE) {
 293                         if ((curr->fts_namelen +
 294                             to.target_end - to.p_path + 1) > MAXPATHLEN) {
 295                                 warnx("%s/%s: name too long (not copied)",
 296                                     to.p_path, curr->fts_name);
 297                                 rval = 1;
 298                                 continue;
 299                         }
 300
 301                         /*
 302                          * Need to remember the roots of traversals to create
 303                          * correct pathnames.  If there's a directory being
 304                          * copied to a non-existent directory, e.g.
 305                          *      cp -R a/dir noexist
 306                          * the resulting path name should be noexist/foo, not
 307                          * noexist/dir/foo (where foo is a file in dir), which
 308                          * is the case where the target exists.
 309                          *
 310                          * Also, check for "..".  This is for correct path
 311                          * concatentation for paths ending in "..", e.g.
 312                          *      cp -R .. /tmp
 313                          * Paths ending in ".." are changed to ".".  This is
 314                          * tricky, but seems the easiest way to fix the problem.
 315                          *
 316                          * XXX
 317                          * Since the first level MUST be FTS_ROOTLEVEL, base
 318                          * is always initialized.
 319                          */
 320                         if (curr->fts_level == FTS_ROOTLEVEL) {
 321                                 if (type != DIR_TO_DNE) {
 322                                         p = strrchr(curr->fts_path, '/');
 323                                         base = (p == NULL) ? 0 :
 324                                             (int)(p - curr->fts_path + 1);
 325
 326                                         if (!strcmp(&curr->fts_path[base],
 327                                             ".."))
 328                                                 base += 1;
 329                                 } else
 330                                         base = curr->fts_pathlen;
 331                         }
 332
 333                         p = &curr->fts_path[base];
 334                         nlen = curr->fts_pathlen - base;
 335
 336                         tmp = to.target_end;
 337                         if (*p != '/' && *(tmp - 1) != '/')
 338                                 *tmp++ = '/';
 339                         *tmp = 0;
 340
 341                         (void)strncat(tmp, p, nlen);
 342                         to.p_end = tmp + nlen;
 343                         *to.p_end = 0;
 344                         STRIP_TRAILING_SLASH(to);
 345                 }
 346
 347                 /* Not an error but need to remember it happened */
 348                 if (stat(to.p_path, &to_stat) == -1)
 349                         dne = 1;
 350                 else {
 351                         if (to_stat.st_dev == curr->fts_statp->st_dev &&
 352                             to_stat.st_ino == curr->fts_statp->st_ino) {
 353                                 warnx("%s and %s are identical (not copied).",
 354                                     to.p_path, curr->fts_path);
 355                                 rval = 1;
 356                                 if (S_ISDIR(curr->fts_statp->st_mode))
 357                                         (void)fts_set(ftsp, curr, FTS_SKIP);
 358                                 continue;
 359                         }
 360                         if (!S_ISDIR(curr->fts_statp->st_mode) &&
 361                             S_ISDIR(to_stat.st_mode)) {
 362                 warnx("cannot overwrite directory %s with non-directory %s",
 363                                     to.p_path, curr->fts_path);
 364                                 rval = 1;
 365                                 continue;
 366                         }
 367                         dne = 0;
 368                 }
 369
 370                 switch (curr->fts_statp->st_mode & S_IFMT) {
 371                 case S_IFLNK:
 372                         if (copy_link(curr, !dne))
 373                                 rval = 1;
 374                         break;
 375                 case S_IFDIR:
 376                         if (!Rflag && !rflag) {
 377                                 if (curr->fts_info == FTS_DP)
 378                                         warnx("%s is a directory (not copied).",
 379                                             curr->fts_path);
 380                                 (void)fts_set(ftsp, curr, FTS_SKIP);
 381                                 rval = 1;
 382                                 break;
 383                         }
 384
 385                         /*
 386                          * Directories get noticed twice:
 387                          *  In the first pass, create it if needed.
 388                          *  In the second pass, after the children have been copied, set the permissions.
 389                          */
 390                         if (curr->fts_info == FTS_D) /* First pass */
 391                         {
 392                                 /*
 393                                  * If the directory doesn't exist, create the new
 394                                  * one with the from file mode plus owner RWX bits,
 395                                  * modified by the umask.  Trade-off between being
 396                                  * able to write the directory (if from directory is
 397                                  * 555) and not causing a permissions race.  If the
 398                                  * umask blocks owner writes, we fail..
 399                                  */
 400                                 if (dne) {
 401                                         if (mkdir(to.p_path,
 402                                             curr->fts_statp->st_mode | S_IRWXU) < 0)
 403                                                 err(1, "%s", to.p_path);
 404                                 } else if (!S_ISDIR(to_stat.st_mode)) {
 405                                         errno = ENOTDIR;
 406                                         err(1, "%s", to.p_path);
 407                                 }
 408                         }
 409                         else if (curr->fts_info == FTS_DP) /* Second pass */
 410                         {
 411                                 /*
 412                                  * If not -p and directory didn't exist, set it to be
 413                                  * the same as the from directory, umodified by the
 414                                  * umask; arguably wrong, but it's been that way
 415                                  * forever.
 416                                  */
 417                                 if (pflag && setfile(curr->fts_statp, 0))
 418                                         rval = 1;
 419                                 else if (dne)
 420                                         (void)chmod(to.p_path,
 421                                             curr->fts_statp->st_mode);
 422                         }
 423                         else
 424                         {
 425                                 warnx("directory %s encountered when not expected.", curr->fts_path);
 426                                 rval = 1;
 427                                 break;
 428                         }
 429
 430                         break;
 431                 case S_IFBLK:
 432                 case S_IFCHR:
 433                         if (Rflag) {
 434                                 if (copy_special(curr->fts_statp, !dne))
 435                                         rval = 1;
 436                         } else
 437                                 if (copy_file(curr, dne))
 438                                         rval = 1;
 439                         break;
 440                 case S_IFIFO:
 441                         if (Rflag) {
 442                                 if (copy_fifo(curr->fts_statp, !dne))
 443                                         rval = 1;
 444                         } else
 445                                 if (copy_file(curr, dne))
 446                                         rval = 1;
 447                         break;
 448                 default:
 449                         if (copy_file(curr, dne))
 450                                 rval = 1;
 451                         break;
 452                 }
 453         }
 454         if (errno)
 455                 err(1, "fts_read");
 456         return (rval);
 457 }
 458
 459 /*
 460  * mastercmp --
 461  *      The comparison function for the copy order.  The order is to copy
 462  *      non-directory files before directory files.  The reason for this
 463  *      is because files tend to be in the same cylinder group as their
 464  *      parent directory, whereas directories tend not to be.  Copying the
 465  *      files first reduces seeking.
 466  */
 467 int
 468 mastercmp(a, b)
 469         const FTSENT **a, **b;
 470 {
 471         int a_info, b_info;
 472
 473         a_info = (*a)->fts_info;
 474         if (a_info == FTS_ERR || a_info == FTS_NS || a_info == FTS_DNR)
 475                 return (0);
 476         b_info = (*b)->fts_info;
 477         if (b_info == FTS_ERR || b_info == FTS_NS || b_info == FTS_DNR)
 478                 return (0);
 479         if (a_info == FTS_D)
 480                 return (-1);
 481         if (b_info == FTS_D)
 482                 return (1);
 483         return (0);
 484 }