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The User's View

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-When GNU gettext will truly have reached is goal, average users -should feel some kind of astonished pleasure, seeing the effect of -that strange kind of magic that just makes their own native language -appear everywhere on their screens. As for naive users, they would -ideally have no special pleasure about it, merely taking their own -language for granted, and becoming rather unhappy otherwise. - -

-

-So, let's try to describe here how we would like the magic to operate, -as we want the users' view to be the simplest, among all ways one -could look at GNU gettext. All other software engineers: -programmers, translators, maintainers, should work together in such a -way that the magic becomes possible. This is a long and progressive -undertaking, and information is available about the progress of the -Translation Project. - -

-

-When a package is distributed, there are two kind of users: -installers who fetch the distribution, unpack it, configure -it, compile it and install it for themselves or others to use; and -end users that call programs of the package, once these have -been installed at their site. GNU gettext is offering magic -for both installers and end users. - -

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The Current `ABOUT-NLS' Matrix

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-Languages are not equally supported in all packages using GNU -gettext. To know if some package uses GNU gettext, one -may check the distribution for the `ABOUT-NLS' information file, for -some `ll.po' files, often kept together into some `po/' -directory, or for an `intl/' directory. Internationalized packages -have usually many `ll.po' files, where ll represents -the language. section Magic for End Users for a complete description of the format -for ll. - -

-

-More generally, a matrix is available for showing the current state -of the Translation Project, listing which packages are prepared for -multi-lingual messages, and which languages is supported by each. -Because this information changes often, this matrix is not kept within -this GNU gettext manual. This information is often found in -file `ABOUT-NLS' from various distributions, but is also as old as -the distribution itself. A recent copy of this `ABOUT-NLS' file, -containing up-to-date information, should generally be found on the -Translation Project sites, and also on most GNU archive sites. - -

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Magic for Installers

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-By default, packages fully using GNU gettext, internally, -are installed in such a way that they to allow translation of -messages. At configuration time, those packages should -automatically detect whether the underlying host system provides usable -catgets or gettext functions. If neither is present, -the GNU gettext library should be automatically prepared -and used. Installers may use special options at configuration -time for changing this behavior. The command `./configure ---with-included-gettext' bypasses system catgets or gettext to -use GNU gettext instead, while `./configure --disable-nls' -produces program totally unable to translate messages. - -

-

-Internationalized packages have usually many `ll.po' -files. Unless -translations are disabled, all those available are installed together -with the package. However, the environment variable LINGUAS -may be set, prior to configuration, to limit the installed set. -LINGUAS should then contain a space separated list of two-letter -codes, stating which languages are allowed. - -

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Magic for End Users

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-We consider here those packages using GNU gettext internally, -and for which the installers did not disable translation at -configure time. Then, users only have to set the LANG -environment variable to the appropriate `ll' prior to -using the programs in the package. See section The Current `ABOUT-NLS' Matrix. For example, -let's presume a German site. At the shell prompt, users merely have to -execute `setenv LANG de' (in csh) or `export -LANG; LANG=de' (in sh). They could even do this from their -`.login' or `.profile' file. - -

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