]> git.saurik.com Git - wxWidgets.git/blobdiff - src/gtk/bitmap.cpp
Forward port new wxRenderer methods in 2.8 to trunk.
[wxWidgets.git] / src / gtk / bitmap.cpp
index e420d57b51fb7ce56e63e2f69268d6d4ad8be887..1be0bb94a42ae9f8909f35cefc3c15906f7a59dc 100644 (file)
 
 #ifndef WX_PRECOMP
     #include "wx/app.h"
-    #include "wx/dcmemory.h"
     #include "wx/palette.h"
     #include "wx/icon.h"
     #include "wx/math.h"
+    #include "wx/image.h"
+    #include "wx/colour.h"
 #endif
 
-#include "wx/filefn.h"
-#include "wx/image.h"
-
 #include "wx/rawbmp.h"
-    // need this to get gdk_image_new_bitmap()
-    #define GDK_ENABLE_BROKEN
-
-#include <gdk/gdk.h>
-#include <gtk/gtk.h>
-#include <gdk/gdkx.h>
 
-#include <gdk/gdkimage.h>
+#include "wx/gtk/private/object.h"
 
-extern void gdk_wx_draw_bitmap     (GdkDrawable  *drawable,
-                          GdkGC               *gc,
-                          GdkDrawable  *src,
-                          gint                xsrc,
-                          gint                ysrc,
-                          gint                xdest,
-                          gint                ydest,
-                          gint                width,
-                          gint                height);
+#include <gtk/gtk.h>
 
 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // data
@@ -95,87 +79,60 @@ bool wxMask::Create( const wxBitmap& bitmap,
         m_bitmap = (GdkBitmap*) NULL;
     }
 
-    wxImage image = bitmap.ConvertToImage();
-    if (!image.Ok()) return false;
-
-    m_bitmap = gdk_pixmap_new( wxGetRootWindow()->window, image.GetWidth(), image.GetHeight(), 1 );
-    GdkGC *gc = gdk_gc_new( m_bitmap );
-
-    GdkColor color;
-    color.red = 65000;
-    color.green = 65000;
-    color.blue = 65000;
-    color.pixel = 1;
-    gdk_gc_set_foreground( gc, &color );
-    gdk_gc_set_fill( gc, GDK_SOLID );
-    gdk_draw_rectangle( m_bitmap, gc, TRUE, 0, 0, image.GetWidth(), image.GetHeight() );
-
-    unsigned char *data = image.GetData();
-    int index = 0;
-
-    unsigned char red = colour.Red();
-    unsigned char green = colour.Green();
-    unsigned char blue = colour.Blue();
-
-    GdkVisual *visual = wxTheApp->GetGdkVisual();
-
-    int bpp = visual->depth;
-    if ((bpp == 16) && (visual->red_mask != 0xf800))
-        bpp = 15;
-    if (bpp == 15)
-    {
-        red = red & 0xf8;
-        green = green & 0xf8;
-        blue = blue & 0xf8;
-    }
-    else if (bpp == 16)
-    {
-        red = red & 0xf8;
-        green = green & 0xfc;
-        blue = blue & 0xf8;
-    }
-    else if (bpp == 12)
-    {
-        red = red & 0xf0;
-        green = green & 0xf0;
-        blue = blue & 0xf0;
+    const int w = bitmap.GetWidth();
+    const int h = bitmap.GetHeight();
+
+    // create mask as XBM format bitmap
+
+    // one bit per pixel, each row starts on a byte boundary
+    const size_t out_size = size_t((w + 7) / 8) * unsigned(h);
+    wxByte* out = new wxByte[out_size];
+    // set bits are unmasked
+    memset(out, 0xff, out_size);
+    unsigned bit_index = 0;
+    if (bitmap.HasPixbuf())
+    {
+        const wxByte r_mask = colour.Red();
+        const wxByte g_mask = colour.Green();
+        const wxByte b_mask = colour.Blue();
+        GdkPixbuf* pixbuf = bitmap.GetPixbuf();
+        const wxByte* in = gdk_pixbuf_get_pixels(pixbuf);
+        const int inc = 3 + int(gdk_pixbuf_get_has_alpha(pixbuf) != 0);
+        const int rowpadding = gdk_pixbuf_get_rowstride(pixbuf) - inc * w;
+        for (int y = 0; y < h; y++, in += rowpadding)
+        {
+            for (int x = 0; x < w; x++, in += inc, bit_index++)
+                if (in[0] == r_mask && in[1] == g_mask && in[2] == b_mask)
+                    out[bit_index >> 3] ^= 1 << (bit_index & 7);
+            // move index to next byte boundary
+            bit_index = (bit_index + 7) & ~7u;
+        }
     }
-
-    color.red = 0;
-    color.green = 0;
-    color.blue = 0;
-    color.pixel = 0;
-    gdk_gc_set_foreground( gc, &color );
-
-    for (int j = 0; j < image.GetHeight(); j++)
+    else
     {
-        int start_x = -1;
-        int i;
-        for (i = 0; i < image.GetWidth(); i++)
+        GdkImage* image = gdk_drawable_get_image(bitmap.GetPixmap(), 0, 0, w, h);
+        GdkColormap* colormap = gdk_image_get_colormap(image);
+        guint32 mask_pixel;
+        if (colormap == NULL)
+            // mono bitmap, white is pixel value 0
+            mask_pixel = guint32(colour.Red() != 255 || colour.Green() != 255 || colour.Blue() != 255);
+        else
         {
-            if ((data[index] == red) &&
-                (data[index+1] == green) &&
-                (data[index+2] == blue))
-            {
-                if (start_x == -1)
-                start_x = i;
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                if (start_x != -1)
-                {
-                    gdk_draw_line( m_bitmap, gc, start_x, j, i-1, j );
-                    start_x = -1;
-                }
-            }
-            index += 3;
+            wxColor c(colour);
+            c.CalcPixel(colormap);
+            mask_pixel = c.GetPixel();
         }
-        if (start_x != -1)
-            gdk_draw_line( m_bitmap, gc, start_x, j, i, j );
+        for (int y = 0; y < h; y++)
+        {
+            for (int x = 0; x < w; x++, bit_index++)
+                if (gdk_image_get_pixel(image, x, y) == mask_pixel)
+                    out[bit_index >> 3] ^= 1 << (bit_index & 7);
+            bit_index = (bit_index + 7) & ~7u;
+        }
+        g_object_unref(image);
     }
-
-    g_object_unref (gc);
-
+    m_bitmap = gdk_bitmap_create_from_data(wxGetRootWindow()->window, (char*)out, w, h);
+    delete[] out;
     return true;
 }
 
@@ -209,11 +166,9 @@ bool wxMask::Create( const wxBitmap& bitmap )
 
     if (!m_bitmap) return false;
 
-    GdkGC *gc = gdk_gc_new( m_bitmap );
-
-    gdk_wx_draw_bitmap( m_bitmap, gc, bitmap.GetPixmap(), 0, 0, 0, 0, bitmap.GetWidth(), bitmap.GetHeight() );
-
-    g_object_unref (gc);
+    wxGtkObject<GdkGC> gc(gdk_gc_new( m_bitmap ));
+    gdk_gc_set_function(gc, GDK_COPY_INVERT);
+    gdk_draw_drawable(m_bitmap, gc, bitmap.GetPixmap(), 0, 0, 0, 0, bitmap.GetWidth(), bitmap.GetHeight());
 
     return true;
 }
@@ -227,11 +182,13 @@ GdkBitmap *wxMask::GetBitmap() const
 // wxBitmap
 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-class wxBitmapRefData: public wxObjectRefData
+class wxBitmapRefData: public wxGDIRefData
 {
 public:
     wxBitmapRefData();
-    ~wxBitmapRefData();
+    virtual ~wxBitmapRefData();
+
+    virtual bool IsOk() const { return m_pixmap || m_pixbuf; }
 
     GdkPixmap      *m_pixmap;
     GdkPixbuf      *m_pixbuf;
@@ -239,7 +196,9 @@ public:
     int             m_width;
     int             m_height;
     int             m_bpp;
+#if wxUSE_PALETTE
     wxPalette      *m_palette;
+#endif // wxUSE_PALETTE
 };
 
 wxBitmapRefData::wxBitmapRefData()
@@ -250,7 +209,9 @@ wxBitmapRefData::wxBitmapRefData()
     m_width = 0;
     m_height = 0;
     m_bpp = 0;
+#if wxUSE_PALETTE
     m_palette = (wxPalette *) NULL;
+#endif // wxUSE_PALETTE
 }
 
 wxBitmapRefData::~wxBitmapRefData()
@@ -267,281 +228,153 @@ wxBitmapRefData::~wxBitmapRefData()
 
 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-#define M_BMPDATA wx_static_cast(wxBitmapRefData*, m_refData)
+#define M_BMPDATA static_cast<wxBitmapRefData*>(m_refData)
 
 IMPLEMENT_DYNAMIC_CLASS(wxBitmap,wxGDIObject)
 
-wxBitmap::wxBitmap()
+wxBitmap::wxBitmap(int width, int height, int depth)
 {
+    Create(width, height, depth);
 }
 
-wxBitmap::wxBitmap( int width, int height, int depth )
+wxBitmap::wxBitmap(const wxString &filename, wxBitmapType type)
 {
-    Create( width, height, depth );
+    LoadFile(filename, type);
 }
 
-bool wxBitmap::Create( int width, int height, int depth )
+wxBitmap::wxBitmap(const char bits[], int width, int height, int depth)
 {
-    UnRef();
-
-    if ( width <= 0 || height <= 0 )
+    wxASSERT(depth == 1);
+    if (width > 0 && height > 0 && depth == 1)
     {
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    GdkVisual *visual = wxTheApp->GetGdkVisual();
-
-    if (depth == -1)
-        depth = visual->depth;
+        SetPixmap(gdk_bitmap_create_from_data(wxGetRootWindow()->window, bits, width, height));
 
-    wxCHECK_MSG( (depth == visual->depth) || (depth == 1) || (depth == 32), false,
-                    wxT("invalid bitmap depth") );
-
-    m_refData = new wxBitmapRefData();
-    M_BMPDATA->m_mask = (wxMask *) NULL;
-    M_BMPDATA->m_width = width;
-    M_BMPDATA->m_height = height;
-    M_BMPDATA->m_bpp = depth;
-    if (depth == 32)
-    {
-        M_BMPDATA->m_pixbuf = gdk_pixbuf_new( GDK_COLORSPACE_RGB, true,
-                                              8, width, height);
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        M_BMPDATA->m_pixmap = gdk_pixmap_new( wxGetRootWindow()->window, width, height, depth );
+        wxASSERT_MSG( M_BMPDATA->m_pixmap, wxT("couldn't create bitmap") );
     }
-
-    return Ok();
 }
 
-bool wxBitmap::CreateFromXpm( const char **bits )
+wxBitmap::wxBitmap(const char* const* bits)
 {
-    UnRef();
-
-    wxCHECK_MSG( bits != NULL, false, wxT("invalid bitmap data") );
+    wxCHECK2_MSG(bits != NULL, return, wxT("invalid bitmap data"));
 
-    GdkVisual *visual = wxTheApp->GetGdkVisual();
+    GdkBitmap* mask = NULL;
+    SetPixmap(gdk_pixmap_create_from_xpm_d(wxGetRootWindow()->window, &mask, NULL, const_cast<char**>(bits)));
 
-    m_refData = new wxBitmapRefData();
-
-    GdkBitmap *mask = (GdkBitmap*) NULL;
-
-    M_BMPDATA->m_pixmap = gdk_pixmap_create_from_xpm_d( wxGetRootWindow()->window, &mask, NULL, (gchar **) bits );
-
-    wxCHECK_MSG( M_BMPDATA->m_pixmap, false, wxT("couldn't create pixmap") );
-
-    if (mask)
+    if (M_BMPDATA->m_pixmap != NULL && mask != NULL)
     {
-        M_BMPDATA->m_mask = new wxMask();
+        M_BMPDATA->m_mask = new wxMask;
         M_BMPDATA->m_mask->m_bitmap = mask;
     }
-
-    gdk_drawable_get_size( M_BMPDATA->m_pixmap, &(M_BMPDATA->m_width), &(M_BMPDATA->m_height) );
-
-    M_BMPDATA->m_bpp = visual->depth;  // Can we get a different depth from create_from_xpm_d() ?
-
-    return true;
 }
 
-wxBitmap wxBitmap::Rescale( int clipx, int clipy, int clipwidth, int clipheight, int newx, int newy )
+wxBitmap::~wxBitmap()
 {
-    wxCHECK_MSG( Ok(), wxNullBitmap, wxT("invalid bitmap") );
-
-    if (newy==M_BMPDATA->m_width && newy==M_BMPDATA->m_height)
-        return *this;
+}
 
-    int width = wxMax(newx, 1);
-    int height = wxMax(newy, 1);
-    width = wxMin(width, clipwidth);
-    height = wxMin(height, clipheight);
+bool wxBitmap::Create( int width, int height, int depth )
+{
+    UnRef();
 
-    wxBitmap bmp;
+    if ( width <= 0 || height <= 0 )
+    {
+        return false;
+    }
 
-    if (HasPixbuf())
+    const GdkVisual* visual = wxTheApp->GetGdkVisual();
+    
+    if (depth == 32)
     {
-        bmp.SetWidth(width);
-        bmp.SetHeight(height);
-        bmp.SetDepth(GetDepth());
-        bmp.SetPixbuf(gdk_pixbuf_new(GDK_COLORSPACE_RGB,
-                                     gdk_pixbuf_get_has_alpha(GetPixbuf()),
-                                     8, width, height));
-        gdk_pixbuf_scale(GetPixbuf(), bmp.GetPixbuf(),
-                         0, 0, width, height,
-                         clipx, clipy,
-                         (double)newx/GetWidth(), (double)newy/GetHeight(),
-                         GDK_INTERP_BILINEAR);
+        SetPixbuf(gdk_pixbuf_new(GDK_COLORSPACE_RGB, true, 8, width, height), 32);
+        // must initialize alpha, otherwise GetPixmap()
+        // will create a mask out of garbage
+        gdk_pixbuf_fill(M_BMPDATA->m_pixbuf, 0x000000ff);
+    } else
+    if (depth == 24)
+    {
+        if (visual->depth == depth)
+            SetPixmap(gdk_pixmap_new(wxGetRootWindow()->window, width, height, depth));
+        else
+            SetPixbuf(gdk_pixbuf_new(GDK_COLORSPACE_RGB, false, 8, width, height), 24);
     }
     else
     {
-        GdkImage *img = (GdkImage*) NULL;
-        if (GetPixmap())
-            img = gdk_image_get( GetPixmap(), 0, 0, GetWidth(), GetHeight() );
-        else
-            wxFAIL_MSG( wxT("Ill-formed bitmap") );
-
-        wxCHECK_MSG( img, wxNullBitmap, wxT("couldn't create image") );
-
-        int bpp = -1;
-
-
-        GdkGC *gc = NULL;
-        GdkPixmap *dstpix = NULL;
-        if (GetDepth() != 1)
+        if (depth != 1)
         {
-            GdkVisual *visual = gdk_drawable_get_visual( GetPixmap() );
-            if (visual == NULL)
-                visual = wxTheApp->GetGdkVisual();
-
-            bpp = visual->depth;
-            bmp = wxBitmap(width,height,bpp);
-            dstpix = bmp.GetPixmap();
-            gc = gdk_gc_new( dstpix );
-        }
-
-        char *dst = NULL;
-        long dstbyteperline = 0;
-
-        if (GetDepth() == 1)
-        {
-            bpp = 1;
-            dstbyteperline = width/8*M_BMPDATA->m_bpp;
-            if (width*M_BMPDATA->m_bpp % 8 != 0)
-                dstbyteperline++;
-            dst = (char*) malloc(dstbyteperline*height);
+            if (depth == -1)
+                depth = visual->depth;
         }
+        SetPixmap(gdk_pixmap_new(wxGetRootWindow()->window, width, height, depth));
+    }
 
-        // be careful to use the right scaling factor
-        float scx = (float)M_BMPDATA->m_width/(float)newx;
-        float scy = (float)M_BMPDATA->m_height/(float)newy;
-        // prepare accel-tables
-        int *tablex = (int *)calloc(width,sizeof(int));
-        int *tabley = (int *)calloc(height,sizeof(int));
-
-        // accel table filled with clipped values
-        for (int x = 0; x < width; x++)
-            tablex[x] = (int) (scx * (x+clipx));
-        for (int y = 0; y < height; y++)
-            tabley[y] = (int) (scy * (y+clipy));
-
-        // Main rescaling routine starts here
-        for (int h = 0; h < height; h++)
-        {
-            char outbyte = 0;
-            int old_x = -1;
-            guint32 old_pixval = 0;
+    return Ok();
+}
 
-            for (int w = 0; w < width; w++)
-            {
-                guint32 pixval;
-                int x = tablex[w];
-                if (x == old_x)
-                    pixval = old_pixval;
-                else
-                {
-                    pixval = gdk_image_get_pixel( img, x, tabley[h] );
-                    old_pixval = pixval;
-                    old_x = x;
-                }
+wxBitmap wxBitmap::Rescale(int clipx, int clipy, int clipwidth, int clipheight,
+                           int width, int height) const
+{
+    wxBitmap bmp;
 
-                if ( dst )
-                {
-                    if (!pixval)
-                    {
-                        char bit=1;
-                        char shift = bit << (w % 8);
-                        outbyte |= shift;
-                    }
+    wxCHECK_MSG(Ok(), bmp, wxT("invalid bitmap"));
 
-                    if ((w+1)%8==0)
-                    {
-                        dst[h*dstbyteperline+w/8] = outbyte;
-                        outbyte = 0;
-                    }
-                }
-                else
-                {
-                    GdkColor col;
-                    col.pixel = pixval;
-                    gdk_gc_set_foreground( gc, &col );
-                    gdk_draw_point( dstpix, gc, w, h);
-                }
-            }
+    width = wxMax(width, 1);
+    height = wxMax(height, 1);
 
-            // do not forget the last byte
-            if ( dst && (width % 8 != 0) )
-                dst[h*dstbyteperline+width/8] = outbyte;
-        }
+    const double scale_x = double(width) / clipwidth;
+    const double scale_y = double(height) / clipheight;
 
-        g_object_unref (img);
-        if (gc) g_object_unref (gc);
+    // Converting to pixbuf, scaling with gdk_pixbuf_scale, and converting
+    // back, is faster than scaling pixmap ourselves.
 
-        if ( dst )
-        {
-            bmp = wxBitmap( (const char *)dst, width, height, 1 );
-            free( dst );
-        }
+    // use pixbuf if already available,
+    // otherwise create temporary pixbuf from pixmap
+    GdkPixbuf* pixbuf = M_BMPDATA->m_pixbuf;
+    if (pixbuf)
+        g_object_ref(pixbuf);
+    else
+        pixbuf = gdk_pixbuf_get_from_drawable(
+            NULL, M_BMPDATA->m_pixmap, NULL,
+            0, 0, 0, 0, M_BMPDATA->m_width, M_BMPDATA->m_height);
 
-        if (GetMask())
-        {
-            dstbyteperline = width/8;
-            if (width % 8 != 0)
-                dstbyteperline++;
-            dst = (char*) malloc(dstbyteperline*height);
-            img = gdk_image_get( GetMask()->GetBitmap(), 0, 0, GetWidth(), GetHeight() );
+    // new pixbuf for scaled wxBitmap
+    GdkPixbuf* pixbuf_scaled = gdk_pixbuf_new(
+        GDK_COLORSPACE_RGB, gdk_pixbuf_get_has_alpha(pixbuf), 8, width, height);
 
-            for (int h = 0; h < height; h++)
-            {
-                char outbyte = 0;
-                int old_x = -1;
-                guint32 old_pixval = 0;
+    // GDK_INTERP_NEAREST is the lowest-quality method for continuous-tone
+    // images, but the only one which preserves sharp edges
+    gdk_pixbuf_scale(
+        pixbuf, pixbuf_scaled,
+        0, 0, width, height, -clipx*scale_x, -clipy*scale_y, scale_x, scale_y,
+        GDK_INTERP_NEAREST);
 
-                for (int w = 0; w < width; w++)
-                {
-                    guint32 pixval;
-                    int x = tablex[w];
-                    if (x == old_x)
-                        pixval = old_pixval;
-                    else
-                    {
-                        pixval = gdk_image_get_pixel( img, x, tabley[h] );
-                        old_pixval = pixval;
-                        old_x = x;
-                    }
+    g_object_unref(pixbuf);
+    bmp.SetPixbuf(pixbuf_scaled, M_BMPDATA->m_bpp);
 
-                    if (pixval)
-                    {
-                        char bit=1;
-                        char shift = bit << (w % 8);
-                        outbyte |= shift;
-                    }
+    if (M_BMPDATA->m_mask)
+    {
+        pixbuf = gdk_pixbuf_get_from_drawable(
+            NULL, M_BMPDATA->m_mask->m_bitmap, NULL,
+            0, 0, 0, 0, M_BMPDATA->m_width, M_BMPDATA->m_height);
 
-                    if ((w+1)%8 == 0)
-                    {
-                        dst[h*dstbyteperline+w/8] = outbyte;
-                        outbyte = 0;
-                    }
-                }
+        pixbuf_scaled = gdk_pixbuf_new(
+            GDK_COLORSPACE_RGB, false, 8, width, height);
 
-                // do not forget the last byte
-                if (width % 8 != 0)
-                    dst[h*dstbyteperline+width/8] = outbyte;
-            }
-            wxMask* mask = new wxMask;
-            mask->m_bitmap = gdk_bitmap_create_from_data( wxGetRootWindow()->window, (gchar *) dst, width, height );
-            bmp.SetMask(mask);
+        gdk_pixbuf_scale(
+            pixbuf, pixbuf_scaled,
+            0, 0, width, height, -clipx, -clipy, scale_x, scale_y,
+            GDK_INTERP_NEAREST);
 
-            free( dst );
-            g_object_unref (img);
-        }
+        g_object_unref(pixbuf);
 
-        free( tablex );
-        free( tabley );
+        // use existing functionality to create mask from scaled pixbuf
+        wxBitmap maskbmp;
+        maskbmp.SetPixbuf(pixbuf_scaled);
+        bmp.SetMask(new wxMask(maskbmp, *wxBLACK));
     }
-
     return bmp;
 }
 
+#if wxUSE_IMAGE
+
 bool wxBitmap::CreateFromImage(const wxImage& image, int depth)
 {
     UnRef();
@@ -552,237 +385,111 @@ bool wxBitmap::CreateFromImage(const wxImage& image, int depth)
     if (image.GetWidth() <= 0 || image.GetHeight() <= 0)
         return false;
 
-    m_refData = new wxBitmapRefData();
+    // create pixbuf if image has alpha and requested depth is compatible
+    if (image.HasAlpha() && (depth == -1 || depth == 32))
+        return CreateFromImageAsPixbuf(image);
 
+    // otherwise create pixmap, if alpha is present it will be converted to mask
+    return CreateFromImageAsPixmap(image, depth);
+}
+
+bool wxBitmap::CreateFromImageAsPixmap(const wxImage& image, int depth)
+{
+    const int w = image.GetWidth();
+    const int h = image.GetHeight();
     if (depth == 1)
     {
-        return CreateFromImageAsBitmap(image);
+        // create XBM format bitmap
+
+        // one bit per pixel, each row starts on a byte boundary
+        const size_t out_size = size_t((w + 7) / 8) * unsigned(h);
+        wxByte* out = new wxByte[out_size];
+        // set bits are black
+        memset(out, 0xff, out_size);
+        const wxByte* in = image.GetData();
+        unsigned bit_index = 0;
+        for (int y = 0; y < h; y++)
+        {
+            for (int x = 0; x < w; x++, in += 3, bit_index++)
+                if (in[0] == 255 && in[1] == 255 && in[2] == 255)
+                    out[bit_index >> 3] ^= 1 << (bit_index & 7);
+            // move index to next byte boundary
+            bit_index = (bit_index + 7) & ~7u;
+        }
+        SetPixmap(gdk_bitmap_create_from_data(wxGetRootWindow()->window, (char*)out, w, h));
+        delete[] out;
     }
     else
     {
-        if (image.HasAlpha())
-            return CreateFromImageAsPixbuf(image);
-
-        return CreateFromImageAsPixmap(image);
+        SetPixmap(gdk_pixmap_new(wxGetRootWindow()->window, w, h, depth));
+        wxGtkObject<GdkGC> gc(gdk_gc_new(M_BMPDATA->m_pixmap));
+        gdk_draw_rgb_image(
+            M_BMPDATA->m_pixmap, gc,
+            0, 0, w, h,
+            GDK_RGB_DITHER_NONE, image.GetData(), w * 3);
     }
-}
-
-// conversion to mono bitmap:
-bool wxBitmap::CreateFromImageAsBitmap(const wxImage& img)
-{
-    // convert alpha channel to mask, if it is present:
-    wxImage image(img);
-    image.ConvertAlphaToMask();
-
-    int width = image.GetWidth();
-    int height = image.GetHeight();
-
-    SetHeight( height );
-    SetWidth( width );
-
-    SetPixmap( gdk_pixmap_new( wxGetRootWindow()->window, width, height, 1 ) );
-
-    SetDepth( 1 );
-
-    GdkVisual *visual = wxTheApp->GetGdkVisual();
-
-    // Create picture image
-
-    unsigned char *data_data = (unsigned char*)malloc( ((width >> 3)+8) * height );
-
-    GdkImage *data_image =
-        gdk_image_new_bitmap( visual, data_data, width, height );
-
-    // Create mask image
-
-    GdkImage *mask_image = (GdkImage*) NULL;
 
-    if (image.HasMask())
+    const wxByte* alpha = image.GetAlpha();
+    if (alpha != NULL || image.HasMask())
     {
-        unsigned char *mask_data = (unsigned char*)malloc( ((width >> 3)+8) * height );
+        // create mask as XBM format bitmap
 
-        mask_image =  gdk_image_new_bitmap( visual, mask_data, width, height );
-
-        wxMask *mask = new wxMask();
-        mask->m_bitmap = gdk_pixmap_new( wxGetRootWindow()->window, width, height, 1 );
-
-        SetMask( mask );
-    }
-
-    int r_mask = image.GetMaskRed();
-    int g_mask = image.GetMaskGreen();
-    int b_mask = image.GetMaskBlue();
-
-    unsigned char* data = image.GetData();
-
-    int index = 0;
-    for (int y = 0; y < height; y++)
-    {
-        for (int x = 0; x < width; x++)
+        const size_t out_size = size_t((w + 7) / 8) * unsigned(h);
+        wxByte* out = new wxByte[out_size];
+        memset(out, 0xff, out_size);
+        unsigned bit_index = 0;
+        if (alpha != NULL)
         {
-            int r = data[index];
-            index++;
-            int g = data[index];
-            index++;
-            int b = data[index];
-            index++;
-
-            if (image.HasMask())
+            for (int y = 0; y < h; y++)
             {
-                if ((r == r_mask) && (b == b_mask) && (g == g_mask))
-                    gdk_image_put_pixel( mask_image, x, y, 1 );
-                else
-                    gdk_image_put_pixel( mask_image, x, y, 0 );
+                for (int x = 0; x < w; x++, bit_index++)
+                    if (*alpha++ < wxIMAGE_ALPHA_THRESHOLD)
+                        out[bit_index >> 3] ^= 1 << (bit_index & 7);
+                bit_index = (bit_index + 7) & ~7u;
             }
-
-            if ((r == 255) && (b == 255) && (g == 255))
-                gdk_image_put_pixel( data_image, x, y, 1 );
-            else
-                gdk_image_put_pixel( data_image, x, y, 0 );
-
-        } // for
-    }  // for
-
-    // Blit picture
-
-    GdkGC *data_gc = gdk_gc_new( GetPixmap() );
-
-    gdk_draw_image( GetPixmap(), data_gc, data_image, 0, 0, 0, 0, width, height );
-
-    g_object_unref (data_image);
-    g_object_unref (data_gc);
-
-    // Blit mask
-
-    if (image.HasMask())
-    {
-        GdkGC *mask_gc = gdk_gc_new( GetMask()->GetBitmap() );
-
-        gdk_draw_image( GetMask()->GetBitmap(), mask_gc, mask_image, 0, 0, 0, 0, width, height );
-
-        g_object_unref (mask_image);
-        g_object_unref (mask_gc);
-    }
-
-    return true;
-}
-
-// conversion to colour bitmap:
-bool wxBitmap::CreateFromImageAsPixmap(const wxImage& img)
-{
-    // convert alpha channel to mask, if it is present:
-    wxImage image(img);
-    image.ConvertAlphaToMask();
-
-    int width = image.GetWidth();
-    int height = image.GetHeight();
-
-    SetHeight( height );
-    SetWidth( width );
-
-    SetPixmap( gdk_pixmap_new( wxGetRootWindow()->window, width, height, -1 ) );
-
-    GdkVisual *visual = wxTheApp->GetGdkVisual();
-
-    int bpp = visual->depth;
-
-    SetDepth( bpp );
-
-    GdkGC *gc = gdk_gc_new( GetPixmap() );
-
-    gdk_draw_rgb_image( GetPixmap(),
-                        gc,
-                        0, 0,
-                        width, height,
-                        GDK_RGB_DITHER_NONE,
-                        image.GetData(),
-                        width*3 );
-
-    g_object_unref (gc);
-
-    // Create mask image
-
-    GdkImage *mask_image = (GdkImage*) NULL;
-
-    if (!image.HasMask())
-        return true;
-
-    unsigned char *mask_data = (unsigned char*)malloc( ((width >> 3)+8) * height );
-
-    mask_image =  gdk_image_new_bitmap( visual, mask_data, width, height );
-
-    wxMask *mask = new wxMask();
-    mask->m_bitmap = gdk_pixmap_new( wxGetRootWindow()->window, width, height, 1 );
-
-    SetMask( mask );
-
-    int r_mask = image.GetMaskRed();
-    int g_mask = image.GetMaskGreen();
-    int b_mask = image.GetMaskBlue();
-
-    unsigned char* data = image.GetData();
-
-    int index = 0;
-    for (int y = 0; y < height; y++)
-    {
-        for (int x = 0; x < width; x++)
+        }
+        else
         {
-            int r = data[index];
-            index++;
-            int g = data[index];
-            index++;
-            int b = data[index];
-            index++;
-
-            if ((r == r_mask) && (b == b_mask) && (g == g_mask))
-                gdk_image_put_pixel( mask_image, x, y, 1 );
-            else
-                gdk_image_put_pixel( mask_image, x, y, 0 );
-        } // for
-    }  // for
-
-    // Blit mask
-
-    GdkGC *mask_gc = gdk_gc_new( GetMask()->GetBitmap() );
-
-    gdk_draw_image( GetMask()->GetBitmap(), mask_gc, mask_image, 0, 0, 0, 0, width, height );
-
-    g_object_unref (mask_image);
-    g_object_unref (mask_gc);
-
+            const wxByte r_mask = image.GetMaskRed();
+            const wxByte g_mask = image.GetMaskGreen();
+            const wxByte b_mask = image.GetMaskBlue();
+            const wxByte* in = image.GetData();
+            for (int y = 0; y < h; y++)
+            {
+                for (int x = 0; x < w; x++, in += 3, bit_index++)
+                    if (in[0] == r_mask && in[1] == g_mask && in[2] == b_mask)
+                        out[bit_index >> 3] ^= 1 << (bit_index & 7);
+                bit_index = (bit_index + 7) & ~7u;
+            }
+        }
+        wxMask* mask = new wxMask;
+        mask->m_bitmap = gdk_bitmap_create_from_data(M_BMPDATA->m_pixmap, (char*)out, w, h);
+        SetMask(mask);
+        delete[] out;
+    }
     return true;
 }
 
 bool wxBitmap::CreateFromImageAsPixbuf(const wxImage& image)
 {
+    wxASSERT(image.HasAlpha());
+
     int width = image.GetWidth();
     int height = image.GetHeight();
 
-    GdkPixbuf *pixbuf = gdk_pixbuf_new(GDK_COLORSPACE_RGB,
-                                       image.HasAlpha(),
-                                       8 /* bits per sample */,
-                                       width, height);
+    Create(width, height, 32);
+    GdkPixbuf* pixbuf = M_BMPDATA->m_pixbuf;
     if (!pixbuf)
         return false;
 
-    wxASSERT( image.HasAlpha() ); // for now
-    wxASSERT( gdk_pixbuf_get_n_channels(pixbuf) == 4 );
-    wxASSERT( gdk_pixbuf_get_width(pixbuf) == width );
-    wxASSERT( gdk_pixbuf_get_height(pixbuf) == height );
-
-    M_BMPDATA->m_pixbuf = pixbuf;
-    SetHeight(height);
-    SetWidth(width);
-    SetDepth(wxTheApp->GetGdkVisual()->depth);
-
     // Copy the data:
-    unsigned char *in = image.GetData();
+    const unsigned char* in = image.GetData();
     unsigned char *out = gdk_pixbuf_get_pixels(pixbuf);
     unsigned char *alpha = image.GetAlpha();
 
-    int rowinc = gdk_pixbuf_get_rowstride(pixbuf) - 4 * width;
+    int rowpad = gdk_pixbuf_get_rowstride(pixbuf) - 4 * width;
 
-    for (int y = 0; y < height; y++, out += rowinc)
+    for (int y = 0; y < height; y++, out += rowpad)
     {
         for (int x = 0; x < width; x++, alpha++, out += 4, in += 3)
         {
@@ -798,229 +505,105 @@ bool wxBitmap::CreateFromImageAsPixbuf(const wxImage& image)
 
 wxImage wxBitmap::ConvertToImage() const
 {
-    wxImage image;
-
     wxCHECK_MSG( Ok(), wxNullImage, wxT("invalid bitmap") );
 
-    image.Create(GetWidth(), GetHeight());
+    const int w = GetWidth();
+    const int h = GetHeight();
+    wxImage image(w, h, false);
     unsigned char *data = image.GetData();
 
-    if (!data)
-    {
-        wxFAIL_MSG( wxT("couldn't create image") );
-        return wxNullImage;
-    }
+    wxCHECK_MSG(data != NULL, wxNullImage, wxT("couldn't create image") );
 
+    // prefer pixbuf if available, it will preserve alpha and should be quicker
     if (HasPixbuf())
     {
         GdkPixbuf *pixbuf = GetPixbuf();
-        wxASSERT( gdk_pixbuf_get_has_alpha(pixbuf) );
-
-        int w = GetWidth();
-        int h = GetHeight();
-
-        image.SetAlpha();
-
-        unsigned char *alpha = image.GetAlpha();
-        unsigned char *in = gdk_pixbuf_get_pixels(pixbuf);
+        unsigned char* alpha = NULL;
+        if (gdk_pixbuf_get_has_alpha(pixbuf))
+        {
+            image.SetAlpha();
+            alpha = image.GetAlpha();
+        }
+        const unsigned char* in = gdk_pixbuf_get_pixels(pixbuf);
         unsigned char *out = data;
-        int rowinc = gdk_pixbuf_get_rowstride(pixbuf) - 4 * w;
+        const int inc = 3 + int(alpha != NULL);
+        const int rowpad = gdk_pixbuf_get_rowstride(pixbuf) - inc * w;
 
-        for (int y = 0; y < h; y++, in += rowinc)
+        for (int y = 0; y < h; y++, in += rowpad)
         {
-            for (int x = 0; x < w; x++, in += 4, out += 3, alpha++)
+            for (int x = 0; x < w; x++, in += inc, out += 3)
             {
                 out[0] = in[0];
                 out[1] = in[1];
                 out[2] = in[2];
-                *alpha = in[3];
+                if (alpha != NULL)
+                    *alpha++ = in[3];
             }
         }
     }
     else
     {
-        // the colour used as transparent one in wxImage and the one it is
-        // replaced with when it really occurs in the bitmap
-        static const int MASK_RED = 1;
-        static const int MASK_GREEN = 2;
-        static const int MASK_BLUE = 3;
-        static const int MASK_BLUE_REPLACEMENT = 2;
-
-        GdkImage *gdk_image = (GdkImage*) NULL;
-
-        if (HasPixmap())
-        {
-            gdk_image = gdk_image_get( GetPixmap(),
-                                       0, 0,
-                                       GetWidth(), GetHeight() );
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            wxFAIL_MSG( wxT("Ill-formed bitmap") );
-        }
-
-        wxCHECK_MSG( gdk_image, wxNullImage, wxT("couldn't create image") );
-
-        GdkImage *gdk_image_mask = (GdkImage*) NULL;
-        if (GetMask())
-        {
-            gdk_image_mask = gdk_image_get( GetMask()->GetBitmap(),
-                                            0, 0,
-                                            GetWidth(), GetHeight() );
-
-            image.SetMaskColour( MASK_RED, MASK_GREEN, MASK_BLUE );
-        }
-
-        int bpp = -1;
-        int red_shift_right = 0;
-        int green_shift_right = 0;
-        int blue_shift_right = 0;
-        int red_shift_left = 0;
-        int green_shift_left = 0;
-        int blue_shift_left = 0;
-        bool use_shift = false;
-
-        if (GetDepth() != 1)
-        {
-            GdkVisual *visual = gdk_drawable_get_visual( GetPixmap() );
-            if (visual == NULL)
-                visual = wxTheApp->GetGdkVisual();
-
-            bpp = visual->depth;
-            if (bpp == 16)
-                bpp = visual->red_prec + visual->green_prec + visual->blue_prec;
-            red_shift_right = visual->red_shift;
-            red_shift_left = 8-visual->red_prec;
-            green_shift_right = visual->green_shift;
-            green_shift_left = 8-visual->green_prec;
-            blue_shift_right = visual->blue_shift;
-            blue_shift_left = 8-visual->blue_prec;
-
-            use_shift = (visual->type == GDK_VISUAL_TRUE_COLOR) || (visual->type == GDK_VISUAL_DIRECT_COLOR);
-        }
-        else
+        GdkPixmap* pixmap = GetPixmap();
+        GdkPixmap* pixmap_invert = NULL;
+        if (GetDepth() == 1)
         {
-            bpp = 1;
+            // mono bitmaps are inverted, i.e. 0 is white
+            pixmap_invert = gdk_pixmap_new(pixmap, w, h, 1);
+            wxGtkObject<GdkGC> gc(gdk_gc_new(pixmap_invert));
+            gdk_gc_set_function(gc, GDK_COPY_INVERT);
+            gdk_draw_drawable(pixmap_invert, gc, pixmap, 0, 0, 0, 0, w, h);
+            pixmap = pixmap_invert;
         }
+        // create a pixbuf which shares data with the wxImage
+        GdkPixbuf* pixbuf = gdk_pixbuf_new_from_data(
+            data, GDK_COLORSPACE_RGB, false, 8, w, h, 3 * w, NULL, NULL);
 
+        gdk_pixbuf_get_from_drawable(pixbuf, pixmap, NULL, 0, 0, 0, 0, w, h);
 
-        GdkColormap *cmap = gtk_widget_get_default_colormap();
-
-        long pos = 0;
-        for (int j = 0; j < GetHeight(); j++)
+        g_object_unref(pixbuf);
+        if (pixmap_invert != NULL)
+            g_object_unref(pixmap_invert);
+    }
+    // convert mask, unless there is already alpha
+    if (GetMask() && !image.HasAlpha())
+    {
+        // we hard code the mask colour for now but we could also make an
+        // effort (and waste time) to choose a colour not present in the
+        // image already to avoid having to fudge the pixels below --
+        // whether it's worth to do it is unclear however
+        const int MASK_RED = 1;
+        const int MASK_GREEN = 2;
+        const int MASK_BLUE = 3;
+        const int MASK_BLUE_REPLACEMENT = 2;
+
+        image.SetMaskColour(MASK_RED, MASK_GREEN, MASK_BLUE);
+        GdkImage* image_mask = gdk_drawable_get_image(GetMask()->GetBitmap(), 0, 0, w, h);
+
+        for (int y = 0; y < h; y++)
         {
-            for (int i = 0; i < GetWidth(); i++)
+            for (int x = 0; x < w; x++, data += 3)
             {
-                wxUint32 pixel = gdk_image_get_pixel( gdk_image, i, j );
-                if (bpp == 1)
-                {
-                    if (pixel == 0)
-                    {
-                        data[pos]   = 0;
-                        data[pos+1] = 0;
-                        data[pos+2] = 0;
-                    }
-                    else
-                    {
-                        data[pos]   = 255;
-                        data[pos+1] = 255;
-                        data[pos+2] = 255;
-                    }
-                }
-                else if (use_shift)
-                {
-                    data[pos] =   (pixel >> red_shift_right)   << red_shift_left;
-                    data[pos+1] = (pixel >> green_shift_right) << green_shift_left;
-                    data[pos+2] = (pixel >> blue_shift_right)  << blue_shift_left;
-                }
-                else if (cmap->colors)
+                if (gdk_image_get_pixel(image_mask, x, y) == 0)
                 {
-                    data[pos] =   cmap->colors[pixel].red   >> 8;
-                    data[pos+1] = cmap->colors[pixel].green >> 8;
-                    data[pos+2] = cmap->colors[pixel].blue  >> 8;
+                    data[0] = MASK_RED;
+                    data[1] = MASK_GREEN;
+                    data[2] = MASK_BLUE;
                 }
-                else
+                else if (data[0] == MASK_RED && data[1] == MASK_GREEN && data[2] == MASK_BLUE)
                 {
-                    wxFAIL_MSG( wxT("Image conversion failed. Unknown visual type.") );
+                    // we have to fudge the colour a bit to prevent
+                    // this pixel from appearing transparent
+                    data[2] = MASK_BLUE_REPLACEMENT;
                 }
-
-                if (gdk_image_mask)
-                {
-                    int mask_pixel = gdk_image_get_pixel( gdk_image_mask, i, j );
-                    if (mask_pixel == 0)
-                    {
-                        data[pos] = MASK_RED;
-                        data[pos+1] = MASK_GREEN;
-                        data[pos+2] = MASK_BLUE;
-                    }
-                    else if ( data[pos] == MASK_RED &&
-                                data[pos+1] == MASK_GREEN &&
-                                    data[pos+2] == MASK_BLUE )
-                    {
-                        data[pos+2] = MASK_BLUE_REPLACEMENT;
-                    }
-                }
-
-                pos += 3;
             }
         }
-
-        g_object_unref (gdk_image);
-        if (gdk_image_mask) g_object_unref (gdk_image_mask);
+        g_object_unref(image_mask);
     }
 
     return image;
 }
 
-wxBitmap::wxBitmap( const wxString &filename, wxBitmapType type )
-{
-    LoadFile( filename, type );
-}
-
-wxBitmap::wxBitmap( const char bits[], int width, int height, int WXUNUSED(depth))
-{
-    if ( width > 0 && height > 0 )
-    {
-        m_refData = new wxBitmapRefData();
-
-        M_BMPDATA->m_mask = (wxMask *) NULL;
-        M_BMPDATA->m_pixmap = gdk_bitmap_create_from_data
-                              (
-                                wxGetRootWindow()->window,
-                                (gchar *) bits,
-                                width,
-                                height
-                              );
-        M_BMPDATA->m_width = width;
-        M_BMPDATA->m_height = height;
-        M_BMPDATA->m_bpp = 1;
-
-        wxASSERT_MSG( M_BMPDATA->m_pixmap, wxT("couldn't create bitmap") );
-    }
-}
-
-wxBitmap::~wxBitmap()
-{
-}
-
-bool wxBitmap::operator == ( const wxBitmap& bmp ) const
-{
-    return m_refData == bmp.m_refData;
-}
-
-bool wxBitmap::operator != ( const wxBitmap& bmp ) const
-{
-    return m_refData != bmp.m_refData;
-}
-
-bool wxBitmap::Ok() const
-{
-    return (m_refData != NULL) &&
-           (
-              M_BMPDATA->m_pixbuf ||
-              M_BMPDATA->m_pixmap
-           );
-}
+#endif // wxUSE_IMAGE
 
 int wxBitmap::GetHeight() const
 {
@@ -1054,71 +637,51 @@ void wxBitmap::SetMask( wxMask *mask )
 {
     wxCHECK_RET( Ok(), wxT("invalid bitmap") );
 
-    if (M_BMPDATA->m_mask) delete M_BMPDATA->m_mask;
-
+    AllocExclusive();
+    delete M_BMPDATA->m_mask;
     M_BMPDATA->m_mask = mask;
 }
 
 bool wxBitmap::CopyFromIcon(const wxIcon& icon)
 {
     *this = icon;
-    return true;
+    return Ok();
 }
 
 wxBitmap wxBitmap::GetSubBitmap( const wxRect& rect) const
 {
-    wxCHECK_MSG( Ok() &&
-                 (rect.x >= 0) && (rect.y >= 0) &&
-                 (rect.x+rect.width <= M_BMPDATA->m_width) && (rect.y+rect.height <= M_BMPDATA->m_height),
-                 wxNullBitmap, wxT("invalid bitmap or bitmap region") );
+    wxBitmap ret;
 
-    wxBitmap ret( rect.width, rect.height, M_BMPDATA->m_bpp );
-    wxASSERT_MSG( ret.Ok(), wxT("GetSubBitmap error") );
+    wxCHECK_MSG(Ok(), ret, wxT("invalid bitmap"));
+    wxCHECK_MSG(rect.x >= 0 && rect.y >= 0 &&
+                rect.x + rect.width <= M_BMPDATA->m_width &&
+                rect.y + rect.height <= M_BMPDATA->m_height,
+                ret, wxT("invalid bitmap region"));
 
-    if (HasPixbuf())
+    if (HasPixbuf() || M_BMPDATA->m_bpp == 32)
     {
         GdkPixbuf *pixbuf = gdk_pixbuf_new(GDK_COLORSPACE_RGB,
                                            gdk_pixbuf_get_has_alpha(GetPixbuf()),
                                            8, rect.width, rect.height);
-        ret.SetPixbuf(pixbuf);
+        ret.SetPixbuf(pixbuf, M_BMPDATA->m_bpp);
         gdk_pixbuf_copy_area(GetPixbuf(),
                              rect.x, rect.y, rect.width, rect.height,
                              pixbuf, 0, 0);
     }
     else
     {
-        if (ret.GetDepth() != 1)
-        {
-            GdkGC *gc = gdk_gc_new( ret.GetPixmap() );
-            gdk_draw_drawable( ret.GetPixmap(), gc, GetPixmap(), rect.x, rect.y, 0, 0, rect.width, rect.height );
-            g_object_unref (gc);
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            GdkGC *gc = gdk_gc_new( ret.GetPixmap() );
-            GdkColor col;
-            col.pixel = 0xFFFFFF;
-            gdk_gc_set_foreground( gc, &col );
-            col.pixel = 0;
-            gdk_gc_set_background( gc, &col );
-            gdk_wx_draw_bitmap( ret.GetPixmap(), gc, GetPixmap(), rect.x, rect.y, 0, 0, rect.width, rect.height );
-            g_object_unref (gc);
-        }
+        ret.Create(rect.width, rect.height, M_BMPDATA->m_bpp);
+        wxGtkObject<GdkGC> gc(gdk_gc_new( ret.GetPixmap() ));
+        gdk_draw_drawable( ret.GetPixmap(), gc, GetPixmap(), rect.x, rect.y, 0, 0, rect.width, rect.height );
     }
-
-    if (GetMask())
+    // make mask, unless there is already alpha
+    if (GetMask() && !HasAlpha())
     {
         wxMask *mask = new wxMask;
         mask->m_bitmap = gdk_pixmap_new( wxGetRootWindow()->window, rect.width, rect.height, 1 );
 
-        GdkGC *gc = gdk_gc_new( mask->m_bitmap );
-        GdkColor col;
-        col.pixel = 0xFFFFFF;
-        gdk_gc_set_foreground( gc, &col );
-        col.pixel = 0;
-        gdk_gc_set_background( gc, &col );
-        gdk_wx_draw_bitmap( mask->m_bitmap, gc, M_BMPDATA->m_mask->m_bitmap, rect.x, rect.y, 0, 0, rect.width, rect.height );
-        g_object_unref (gc);
+        wxGtkObject<GdkGC> gc(gdk_gc_new( mask->m_bitmap ));
+        gdk_draw_drawable(mask->m_bitmap, gc, M_BMPDATA->m_mask->m_bitmap, rect.x, rect.y, 0, 0, rect.width, rect.height);
 
         ret.SetMask( mask );
     }
@@ -1130,65 +693,49 @@ bool wxBitmap::SaveFile( const wxString &name, wxBitmapType type, const wxPalett
 {
     wxCHECK_MSG( Ok(), false, wxT("invalid bitmap") );
 
+#if wxUSE_IMAGE
     // Try to save the bitmap via wxImage handlers:
-    {
-        wxImage image = ConvertToImage();
-        if (image.Ok()) return image.SaveFile( name, type );
-    }
+    wxImage image = ConvertToImage();
+    return image.Ok() && image.SaveFile(name, type);
+#else // !wxUSE_IMAGE
+    wxUnusedVar(name);
+    wxUnusedVar(type);
 
     return false;
+#endif // wxUSE_IMAGE
 }
 
 bool wxBitmap::LoadFile( const wxString &name, wxBitmapType type )
 {
     UnRef();
 
-    if (!wxFileExists(name))
-        return false;
-
-    GdkVisual *visual = wxTheApp->GetGdkVisual();
-
     if (type == wxBITMAP_TYPE_XPM)
     {
-        m_refData = new wxBitmapRefData();
-
         GdkBitmap *mask = (GdkBitmap*) NULL;
-
-        M_BMPDATA->m_pixmap = gdk_pixmap_create_from_xpm
-                              (
-                                wxGetRootWindow()->window,
-                                &mask,
-                                NULL,
-                                name.fn_str()
-                              );
+        SetPixmap(gdk_pixmap_create_from_xpm(wxGetRootWindow()->window, &mask, NULL, name.fn_str()));
 
         if (mask)
         {
-           M_BMPDATA->m_mask = new wxMask();
-           M_BMPDATA->m_mask->m_bitmap = mask;
+            M_BMPDATA->m_mask = new wxMask;
+            M_BMPDATA->m_mask->m_bitmap = mask;
         }
-
-        gdk_drawable_get_size( M_BMPDATA->m_pixmap, &(M_BMPDATA->m_width), &(M_BMPDATA->m_height) );
-
-        M_BMPDATA->m_bpp = visual->depth;
     }
+#if wxUSE_IMAGE
     else // try if wxImage can load it
     {
         wxImage image;
-        if ( !image.LoadFile( name, type ) || !image.Ok() )
-            return false;
-
-        *this = wxBitmap(image);
+        if (image.LoadFile(name, type) && image.Ok())
+            CreateFromImage(image, -1);
     }
+#endif // wxUSE_IMAGE
 
-    return true;
+    return Ok();
 }
 
 #if wxUSE_PALETTE
 wxPalette *wxBitmap::GetPalette() const
 {
-    if (!Ok())
-        return (wxPalette *) NULL;
+    wxCHECK_MSG(Ok(), NULL, wxT("invalid bitmap"));
 
     return M_BMPDATA->m_palette;
 }
@@ -1201,34 +748,33 @@ void wxBitmap::SetPalette(const wxPalette& WXUNUSED(palette))
 
 void wxBitmap::SetHeight( int height )
 {
-    if (!m_refData)
-        m_refData = new wxBitmapRefData();
-
+    AllocExclusive();
     M_BMPDATA->m_height = height;
 }
 
 void wxBitmap::SetWidth( int width )
 {
-    if (!m_refData)
-        m_refData = new wxBitmapRefData();
-
+    AllocExclusive();
     M_BMPDATA->m_width = width;
 }
 
 void wxBitmap::SetDepth( int depth )
 {
-    if (!m_refData)
-        m_refData = new wxBitmapRefData();
-
+    AllocExclusive();
     M_BMPDATA->m_bpp = depth;
 }
 
 void wxBitmap::SetPixmap( GdkPixmap *pixmap )
 {
     if (!m_refData)
-        m_refData = new wxBitmapRefData();
+        m_refData = new wxBitmapRefData;
 
+    // AllocExclusive should not be needed for this internal function
+    wxASSERT(m_refData->GetRefCount() == 1);
+    wxASSERT(M_BMPDATA->m_pixmap == NULL);
     M_BMPDATA->m_pixmap = pixmap;
+    gdk_drawable_get_size(pixmap, &M_BMPDATA->m_width, &M_BMPDATA->m_height);
+    M_BMPDATA->m_bpp = gdk_drawable_get_depth(pixmap);
     PurgeOtherRepresentations(Pixmap);
 }
 
@@ -1237,14 +783,20 @@ GdkPixmap *wxBitmap::GetPixmap() const
     wxCHECK_MSG( Ok(), (GdkPixmap *) NULL, wxT("invalid bitmap") );
 
     // create the pixmap on the fly if we use Pixbuf representation:
-    if (HasPixbuf() && !HasPixmap())
+    if (M_BMPDATA->m_pixmap == NULL)
     {
-        delete M_BMPDATA->m_mask;
-        M_BMPDATA->m_mask = new wxMask();
+        GdkPixmap** pmask = NULL;
+        if (gdk_pixbuf_get_has_alpha(M_BMPDATA->m_pixbuf))
+        {
+            // make new mask from alpha
+            delete M_BMPDATA->m_mask;
+            M_BMPDATA->m_mask = new wxMask;
+            pmask = &M_BMPDATA->m_mask->m_bitmap;
+        }
         gdk_pixbuf_render_pixmap_and_mask(M_BMPDATA->m_pixbuf,
                                           &M_BMPDATA->m_pixmap,
-                                          &M_BMPDATA->m_mask->m_bitmap,
-                                          128 /*threshold*/);
+                                          pmask,
+                                          0x80 /* alpha threshold */);
     }
 
     return M_BMPDATA->m_pixmap;
@@ -1261,18 +813,18 @@ GdkPixbuf *wxBitmap::GetPixbuf() const
 {
     wxCHECK_MSG( Ok(), NULL, wxT("invalid bitmap") );
 
-    if (HasPixmap() && !HasPixbuf())
+    if (M_BMPDATA->m_pixbuf == NULL)
     {
+     
         int width = GetWidth();
         int height = GetHeight();
 
         GdkPixbuf *pixbuf = gdk_pixbuf_new(GDK_COLORSPACE_RGB,
                                            GetMask() != NULL,
                                            8, width, height);
-        M_BMPDATA->m_pixbuf =
-            gdk_pixbuf_get_from_drawable(pixbuf, M_BMPDATA->m_pixmap, NULL,
-                                         0, 0, 0, 0, width, height);
-
+        M_BMPDATA->m_pixbuf = pixbuf;
+        gdk_pixbuf_get_from_drawable(pixbuf, M_BMPDATA->m_pixmap, NULL,
+                                     0, 0, 0, 0, width, height);
         // apply the mask to created pixbuf:
         if (M_BMPDATA->m_pixbuf && M_BMPDATA->m_mask)
         {
@@ -1313,12 +865,23 @@ bool wxBitmap::HasPixbuf() const
     return M_BMPDATA->m_pixbuf != NULL;
 }
 
-void wxBitmap::SetPixbuf( GdkPixbuf *pixbuf )
+void wxBitmap::SetPixbuf(GdkPixbuf* pixbuf, int depth)
 {
     if (!m_refData)
-        m_refData = new wxBitmapRefData();
+        m_refData = new wxBitmapRefData;
 
+    // AllocExclusive should not be needed for this internal function
+    wxASSERT(m_refData->GetRefCount() == 1);
+    wxASSERT(M_BMPDATA->m_pixbuf == NULL);
     M_BMPDATA->m_pixbuf = pixbuf;
+    M_BMPDATA->m_width = gdk_pixbuf_get_width(pixbuf);
+    M_BMPDATA->m_height = gdk_pixbuf_get_height(pixbuf);
+    // if depth specified
+    if (depth != 0)
+        M_BMPDATA->m_bpp = depth;
+    else if (M_BMPDATA->m_bpp == 0)
+        // use something reasonable
+        M_BMPDATA->m_bpp = wxTheApp->GetGdkVisual()->depth;
     PurgeOtherRepresentations(Pixbuf);
 }
 
@@ -1338,83 +901,72 @@ void wxBitmap::PurgeOtherRepresentations(wxBitmap::Representation keep)
 
 void *wxBitmap::GetRawData(wxPixelDataBase& data, int bpp)
 {
-    if (bpp != 32)
-        return NULL;
-
+    void* bits = NULL;
     GdkPixbuf *pixbuf = GetPixbuf();
-    if (!pixbuf)
-        return NULL;
-
-#if 0
-    if (gdk_pixbuf_get_has_alpha( pixbuf ))
-        wxPrintf( wxT("Has alpha\n") );
-    else
-        wxPrintf( wxT("No alpha.\n") );
-#endif
-
-    data.m_height = gdk_pixbuf_get_height( pixbuf );
-    data.m_width = gdk_pixbuf_get_width( pixbuf );
-    data.m_stride = gdk_pixbuf_get_rowstride( pixbuf );
-
-    return gdk_pixbuf_get_pixels( pixbuf );
+    const bool hasAlpha = HasAlpha();
+    
+    // allow access if bpp is valid and matches existence of alpha
+    if ( pixbuf && ((bpp == 24 && !hasAlpha) || (bpp == 32 && hasAlpha)) )
+    {
+        data.m_height = gdk_pixbuf_get_height( pixbuf );
+        data.m_width = gdk_pixbuf_get_width( pixbuf );
+        data.m_stride = gdk_pixbuf_get_rowstride( pixbuf );
+        bits = gdk_pixbuf_get_pixels(pixbuf);
+    }
+    return bits;
 }
 
 void wxBitmap::UngetRawData(wxPixelDataBase& WXUNUSED(data))
 {
 }
 
-
 bool wxBitmap::HasAlpha() const
 {
-    return HasPixbuf();
+    return m_refData != NULL && M_BMPDATA->m_pixbuf != NULL &&
+        gdk_pixbuf_get_has_alpha(M_BMPDATA->m_pixbuf);
 }
 
-void wxBitmap::UseAlpha()
+wxGDIRefData* wxBitmap::CreateGDIRefData() const
 {
-    GetPixbuf();
+    return new wxBitmapRefData;
 }
 
-//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// wxBitmapHandler
-//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-IMPLEMENT_DYNAMIC_CLASS(wxBitmapHandler,wxBitmapHandlerBase)
-
-wxBitmapHandler::~wxBitmapHandler()
+wxGDIRefData* wxBitmap::CloneGDIRefData(const wxGDIRefData* data) const
 {
-}
-
-bool wxBitmapHandler::Create(wxBitmap * WXUNUSED(bitmap),
-                             void * WXUNUSED(data),
-                             long WXUNUSED(type),
-                             int WXUNUSED(width),
-                             int WXUNUSED(height),
-                             int WXUNUSED(depth))
-{
-    wxFAIL_MSG( _T("not implemented") );
-
-    return false;
-}
-
-bool wxBitmapHandler::LoadFile(wxBitmap * WXUNUSED(bitmap),
-                               const wxString& WXUNUSED(name),
-                               long WXUNUSED(flags),
-                               int WXUNUSED(desiredWidth),
-                               int WXUNUSED(desiredHeight))
-{
-    wxFAIL_MSG( _T("not implemented") );
-
-    return false;
-}
-
-bool wxBitmapHandler::SaveFile(const wxBitmap * WXUNUSED(bitmap),
-                               const wxString& WXUNUSED(name),
-                               int WXUNUSED(type),
-                               const wxPalette * WXUNUSED(palette))
-{
-    wxFAIL_MSG( _T("not implemented") );
+    const wxBitmapRefData* oldRef = static_cast<const wxBitmapRefData*>(data);
+    wxBitmapRefData* newRef = new wxBitmapRefData;
+    newRef->m_width = oldRef->m_width;
+    newRef->m_height = oldRef->m_height;
+    newRef->m_bpp = oldRef->m_bpp;
+    if (oldRef->m_pixmap != NULL)
+    {
+        newRef->m_pixmap = gdk_pixmap_new(
+            oldRef->m_pixmap, oldRef->m_width, oldRef->m_height,
+            // use pixmap depth, m_bpp may not match
+            gdk_drawable_get_depth(oldRef->m_pixmap));
+        wxGtkObject<GdkGC> gc(gdk_gc_new(newRef->m_pixmap));
+        gdk_draw_drawable(
+            newRef->m_pixmap, gc, oldRef->m_pixmap, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, -1);
+    }
+    if (oldRef->m_pixbuf != NULL)
+    {
+        newRef->m_pixbuf = gdk_pixbuf_copy(oldRef->m_pixbuf);
+    }
+    if (oldRef->m_mask != NULL)
+    {
+        newRef->m_mask = new wxMask;
+        newRef->m_mask->m_bitmap = gdk_pixmap_new(
+            oldRef->m_mask->m_bitmap, oldRef->m_width, oldRef->m_height, 1);
+        wxGtkObject<GdkGC> gc(gdk_gc_new(newRef->m_mask->m_bitmap));
+        gdk_draw_drawable(newRef->m_mask->m_bitmap,
+            gc, oldRef->m_mask->m_bitmap, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, -1);
+    }
+#if wxUSE_PALETTE
+    // implement this if SetPalette is ever implemented
+    wxASSERT(oldRef->m_palette == NULL);
+#endif
 
-    return false;
+    return newRef;
 }
 
 /* static */ void wxBitmap::InitStandardHandlers()