\section{\class{wxString}}\label{wxstring}
-wxString is a class representing a character string. Please see wxString
-\helpref{overview}{wxstringoverview} for more information about it. As explained
-there, wxStrign implements about 90\% of methods of std::string class (iterators
-are not supported and so all methods which use them are not supported neither),
-but they are not documented here - please see any source of STL documentation.
+wxString is a class representing a character string. Please see the
+\helpref{wxString overview}{wxstringoverview} for more information about it. As explained
+there, wxString implements about 90\% of methods of the std::string class (iterators
+are not supported, nor all methods which use them).
+These standard functions are not documented in this manual so please see the STL documentation.
The behaviour of all these functions is identical to the behaviour described
there.
<wx/string.h>
+\wxheading{Predefined objects}
+
+Objects:
+
+{\bf wxEmptyString}
+
\wxheading{See also}
\overview{Overview}{wxstringoverview}
\membersection{Constructors and assignment operators}
-A strign may be constructed either from a C string, (some number of copies of)
+A string may be constructed either from a C string, (some number of copies of)
a single character or a wide (UNICODE) string. For all constructors (except the
default which creates an empty string) there is also a corresponding assignment
operator.
Many functions in this section take a character index in the string. As with C
strings and/or arrays, the indices start from $0$, so the first character of a
string is string[$0$]. Attempt to access a character beyond the end of the
-string (which may be even $0$ if the string is empty) will provocate an assert
+string (which may be even $0$ if the string is empty) will provoke an assert
failure in \helpref{debug build}{debuggingoverview}, but no checks are done in
release builds.
This section also contains both implicit and explicit conversions to C style
strings. Although implicit conversion is quite convenient, it is advised to use
explicit \helpref{c\_str()}{wxstringcstr} method for the sake of clarity. Also
-see \helpref{overiview}{wxstringadvices} for the cases where it is necessary to
+see \helpref{overview}{wxstringadvices} for the cases where it is necessary to
use it.
\helpref{GetChar}{wxstringgetchar}\\
give a second parameter to IsSameAs. This last function is may be more
convenient if only equality of the strings matters because it returns a boolean
true value if the strings are the same and not 0 (which is usually FALSE in C)
-as Cmp does.
+as {\tt Cmp()} does.
\helpref{Matches}{wxstringmatches} is a poor man's regular expression matcher:
it only understands '*' and '?' metacharacters in the sense of DOS command line
interpreter.
+\helpref{StartsWith}{wxstringstartswith} is helpful when parsing a line of
+text which should start with some predefined prefix and is more efficient than
+doing direct string comparison as you would also have to precalculate the
+length of the prefix then.
+
\helpref{Cmp}{wxstringcmp}\\
\helpref{CmpNoCase}{wxstringcmpnocase}\\
\helpref{IsSameAs}{wxstringissameas}\\
-\helpref{Matches}{wxstringmatches}
+\helpref{Matches}{wxstringmatches}\\
+\helpref{StartsWith}{wxstringstartswith}
\membersection{Substring extraction}
\helpref{BeforeFirst}{wxstringbeforefirst}\\
\helpref{BeforeLast}{wxstringbeforelast}\\
\helpref{AfterFirst}{wxstringafterfirst}\\
-\helpref{AfterLast}{wxstringafterlast}
+\helpref{AfterLast}{wxstringafterlast}\\
+\helpref{StartsWith}{wxstringstartswith}
\membersection{Case conversion}
The MakeXXX() variants modify the string in place, while the other functions
-return a new string which containts the original text converted to the upper or
+return a new string which contains the original text converted to the upper or
lower case and leave the original string unchanged.
\helpref{MakeUpper}{wxstringmakeupper}\\
\membersection{Searching and replacing}
-These functions replace the standard {\it strchr()} and {\it strstr()}
+These functions replace the standard {\it strchr()} and {\it strstr()}
functions.
\helpref{Find}{wxstringfind}\\
\helpref{Replace}{wxstringreplace}
+\membersection{Conversion to numbers}
+
+The string provides functions for conversion to signed and unsigned integer and
+floating point numbers. All three functions take a pointer to the variable to
+put the numeric value in and return TRUE if the {\bf entire} string could be
+converted to a number.
+
+\helpref{ToLong}{wxstringtolong}\\
+\helpref{ToULong}{wxstringtoulong}\\
+\helpref{ToDouble}{wxstringtodouble}
+
\membersection{Writing values into the string}
Both formatted versions (\helpref{Printf}{wxstringprintf}) and stream-like
-insertion operators exist (for basic types only).
+insertion operators exist (for basic types only). Additionally, the
+\helpref{Format}{wxstringformat} function allows to use simply append
+formatted value to a string:
+\begin{verbatim}
+ // the following 2 snippets are equivalent
+
+ wxString s = "...";
+ s += wxString::Format("%d", n);
+
+ wxString s;
+ s.Printf("...%d", n);
+\end{verbatim}
+
+\helpref{Format}{wxstringformat}\\
+\helpref{FormatV}{wxstringformatv}\\
\helpref{Printf}{wxstringprintf}\\
\helpref{PrintfV}{wxstringprintfv}\\
-\helpref{operator \cinsert}{wxstringoperatorout)
+\helpref{operator \cinsert}{wxstringoperatorout}
\membersection{Memory management}
-These are "advanced" functions and they will be needed quite rarily.
+These are "advanced" functions and they will be needed quite rarely.
\helpref{Alloc}{wxstringalloc} and \helpref{Shrink}{wxstringshrink} are only
interesting for optimization purposes.
\helpref{GetWriteBuf}{wxstringgetwritebuf} may be very useful when working with
\helpref{Pad}{wxstringpad}\\
\helpref{Truncate}{wxstringtruncate}
-\membersection{wxWindows 1.xx compatiblity functions}
+\membersection{wxWindows 1.xx compatibility functions}
-These functiosn are deprecated, please consider using new wxWindows 2.0
+These functions are deprecated, please consider using new wxWindows 2.0
functions instead of them (or, even better, std::string compatible variants).
\helpref{SubString}{wxstringsubstring}\\
\helpref{IsNumber}{wxstringisnumber}\\
\helpref{IsWord}{wxstringisword}
-\membersection{std::string compatibility functions}
+\membersection{std::string compatibility functions}\label{wxstringat}
The supported functions are only listed here, please see any STL reference for
their documentation.
// find first n characters of sz
size_t find(const char* sz, size_t nStart = 0, size_t n = npos) const;
- // find the first occurence of character ch after nStart
+ // find the first occurrence of character ch after nStart
size_t find(char ch, size_t nStart = 0) const;
// rfind() family is exactly like find() but works right to left
// as find, but from the end
size_t rfind(char ch, size_t nStart = npos) const;
- // find first/last occurence of any character in the set
+ // find first/last occurrence of any character in the set
//
size_t find_first_of(const wxString& str, size_t nStart = 0) const;
// same as rfind(char, size_t)
size_t find_last_of (char c, size_t nStart = npos) const;
- // find first/last occurence of any character not in the set
+ // find first/last occurrence of any character not in the set
//
size_t find_first_not_of(const wxString& str, size_t nStart = 0) const;
\func{}{wxString}{\param{const char*}{ psz}, \param{size\_t}{ nLength = wxSTRING\_MAXLEN}}
Takes first {\it nLength} characters from the C string {\it psz}.
-The default value of wxSTRING\_MAXLEN means take all the string.
+The default value of wxSTRING\_MAXLEN means to take all the string.
+
+Note that this constructor may be used even if {\it psz} points to a buffer
+with binary data (i.e. containing {\tt NUL} characters) as long as you provide
+the correct value for {\it nLength}. However, the default form of it works
+only with strings without intermediate {\tt NUL}s because it uses
+{\tt strlen()} to calculate the effective length and it would not give correct
+results otherwise.
\func{}{wxString}{\param{const unsigned char*}{ psz}, \param{size\_t}{ nLength = wxSTRING\_MAXLEN}}
\constfunc{wxString}{AfterFirst}{\param{char}{ ch}}
-Gets all the characters after the first occurence of {\it ch}.
+Gets all the characters after the first occurrence of {\it ch}.
Returns the empty string if {\it ch} is not found.
\membersection{wxString::AfterLast}\label{wxstringafterlast}
\constfunc{wxString}{AfterLast}{\param{char}{ ch}}
-Gets all the characters after the last occurence of {\it ch}.
+Gets all the characters after the last occurrence of {\it ch}.
Returns the whole string if {\it ch} is not found.
\membersection{wxString::BeforeFirst}\label{wxstringbeforefirst}
\constfunc{wxString}{BeforeFirst}{\param{char}{ ch}}
-Gets all characters before the first occurence of {\it ch}.
+Gets all characters before the first occurrence of {\it ch}.
Returns the whole string if {\it ch} is not found.
\membersection{wxString::BeforeLast}\label{wxstringbeforelast}
\constfunc{wxString}{BeforeLast}{\param{char}{ ch}}
-Gets all characters before the last occurence of {\it ch}.
+Gets all characters before the last occurrence of {\it ch}.
Returns the empty string if {\it ch} is not found.
+\membersection{wxString::c\_str}\label{wxstringcstr}
+
+\constfunc{const char *}{c\_str}{\void}
+
+Returns a pointer to the string data.
+
+\membersection{wxString::Clear}\label{wxstringclear}
+
+\func{void}{Clear}{\void}
+
+Empties the string and frees memory occupied by it.
+
+See also: \helpref{Empty}{wxstringempty}
+
\membersection{wxString::Cmp}\label{wxstringcmp}
\constfunc{int}{Cmp}{\param{const char*}{ psz}}
Case-sensitive comparison.
Returns a positive value if the string is greater than the argument, zero if
-it si equal to it or negative value if it is less than argument (same semantics
+it is equal to it or a negative value if it is less than the argument (same semantics
as the standard {\it strcmp()} function).
See also \helpref{CmpNoCase}{wxstringcmpnocase}, \helpref{IsSameAs}{wxstringissameas}.
Case-insensitive comparison.
Returns a positive value if the string is greater than the argument, zero if
-it si equal to it or negative value if it is less than argument (same semantics
+it is equal to it or a negative value if it is less than the argument (same semantics
as the standard {\it strcmp()} function).
See also \helpref{Cmp}{wxstringcmp}, \helpref{IsSameAs}{wxstringissameas}.
#define NO_POS ((int)(-1)) // undefined position
enum caseCompare {exact, ignoreCase};
\end{verbatim}
-
+
\constfunc{int}{CompareTo}{\param{const char*}{ psz}, \param{caseCompare}{ cmp = exact}}
Case-sensitive comparison. Returns 0 if equal, 1 if greater or -1 if less.
\func{void}{Empty}{\void}
-Reinitializes the string and frees the data.
+Makes the string empty, but doesn't free memory occupied by the string.
+
+See also: \helpref{Clear()}{wxstringclear}.
\membersection{wxString::Find}\label{wxstringfind}
Returns the first occurrence of the item.
+\membersection{wxString::Format}\label{wxstringformat}
+
+\func{static wxString}{Format}{\param{const wxChar }{*format}, \param{}{...}}
+
+This static function returns the string containing the result of calling
+\helpref{Printf}{wxstringprintf} with the passed parameters on it.
+
+\wxheading{See also}
+
+\helpref{FormatV}{wxstringformatv}, \helpref{Printf}{wxstringprintf}
+
+\membersection{wxString::FormatV}\label{wxstringformatv}
+
+\func{static wxString}{Format}{\param{const wxChar }{*format}, \param{va\_list }{argptr}}
+
+This static function returns the string containing the result of calling
+\helpref{PrintfV}{wxstringprintfv} with the passed parameters on it.
+
+\wxheading{See also}
+
+\helpref{Format}{wxstringformat}, \helpref{PrintfV}{wxstringprintfv}
+
\membersection{wxString::Freq}\label{wxstringfreq}
-\constfunc{int}{Frec}{\param{char }{ch}}
+\constfunc{int}{Freq}{\param{char }{ch}}
-Returns the number of occurences of {it ch} in the string.
+Returns the number of occurrences of {\it ch} in the string.
\membersection{wxString::GetChar}\label{wxstringgetchar}
\membersection{wxString::Index}\label{wxstringindex}
-\constfunc{size\_t}{Index}{\param{char}{ ch}, \param{int}{ startpos = 0}}
+\constfunc{size\_t}{Index}{\param{char}{ ch}}
Same as \helpref{wxString::Find}{wxstringfind}.
\constfunc{bool}{IsAscii}{\void}
-Returns TRUE if the string is ASCII.
+Returns TRUE if the string contains only ASCII characters.
\membersection{wxString::IsEmpty}\label{wxstringisempty}
\constfunc{bool}{IsEmpty}{\void}
-Returns TRUE if the string is NULL.
+Returns TRUE if the string is empty.
\membersection{wxString::IsNull}\label{wxstringisnull}
\constfunc{bool}{IsNull}{\void}
-Returns TRUE if the string is NULL (same as IsEmpty).
+Returns TRUE if the string is empty (same as \helpref{IsEmpty}{wxstringisempty}).
\membersection{wxString::IsNumber}\label{wxstringisnumber}
\constfunc{bool}{IsNumber}{\void}
-Returns TRUE if the string is a number.
+Returns TRUE if the string is an integer (with possible sign).
\membersection{wxString::IsSameAs}\label{wxstringissameas}
Returns TRUE if strings are equal, FALSE otherwise.
-See also \helpref{Cmp}{wxstringcmp}, \helpref{CmpNoCase}{wxstringcmpnocase}.
+See also \helpref{Cmp}{wxstringcmp}, \helpref{CmpNoCase}{wxstringcmpnocase}, \helpref{IsSameAs}{wxstringissameas2}
+
+\membersection{wxString::IsSameAs}\label{wxstringissameas2}
+
+\constfunc{bool}{IsSameAs}{\param{char}{ c}, \param{bool}{ caseSensitive = TRUE}}
+
+Test whether the string is equal to the single character {\it c}. The test is
+case-sensitive if {\it caseSensitive} is TRUE (default) or not if it is FALSE.
+
+Returns TRUE if the string is equal to the character, FALSE otherwise.
+
+See also \helpref{Cmp}{wxstringcmp}, \helpref{CmpNoCase}{wxstringcmpnocase}, \helpref{IsSameAs}{wxstringissameas}
\membersection{wxString::IsWord}\label{wxstringisword}
\constfunc{wxString}{Left}{\param{size\_t}{ count}}
-Returns the first {\it count} characters.
-
-\constfunc{wxString}{Left}{\param{char}{ ch}}
-
-Returns all characters before the first occurence of {\it ch}.
-Returns the whole string if {\it ch} is not found.
+Returns the first {\it count} characters of the string.
\membersection{wxString::Len}\label{wxstringlen}
\func{wxString\&}{Remove}{\param{size\_t}{ pos}, \param{size\_t}{ len}}
-Removes the last {\it len} characters from the string, starting at {\it pos}.
+Removes the {\it len} characters from the string, starting at {\it pos}.
\membersection{wxString::RemoveLast}\label{wxstringremovelast}
\func{size\_t}{Replace}{\param{const char*}{ szOld}, \param{const char*}{ szNew}, \param{bool}{ replaceAll = TRUE}}
-Replace first (or all) occurences of substring with another one.
+Replace first (or all) occurrences of substring with another one.
-{\it replaceAll}: global replace (default), or only the first occurence.
+{\it replaceAll}: global replace (default), or only the first occurrence.
Returns the number of replacements made.
Returns the last {\it count} characters.
-\constfunc{wxString}{Right}{\param{char}{ ch}}
-
-Returns all characters after the last occurence of {\it ch}.
-Returns the whole string if {\it ch} is not found.
-
\membersection{wxString::SetChar}\label{wxstringsetchar}
\func{void}{SetChar}{\param{size\_t}{ n}, \param{char}{ch}}
The same as Printf.
+\membersection{wxString::StartsWith}\label{wxstringstartswith}
+
+\constfunc{bool}{StartsWith}{\param{const wxChar }{*prefix}, \param{wxString }{*rest = NULL}}
+
+This function can be used to test if the string starts with the specified
+{\it prefix}. If it does, the function will return {\tt TRUE} and put the rest
+of the string (i.e. after the prefix) into {\it rest} string if it is not
+{\tt NULL}. Otherwise, the function returns {\tt FALSE} and doesn't modify the
+{\it rest}.
+
\membersection{wxString::Strip}\label{wxstringstrip}
\begin{verbatim}
\membersection{wxString::SubString}\label{wxstringsubstring}
-\constfunc{wxString}{SubString}{\param{size\_t}{ to}, \param{size\_t}{ from}}
+\constfunc{wxString}{SubString}{\param{size\_t}{ from}, \param{size\_t}{ to}}
-Same as \helpref{Mid}{wxstringmid}.
+Deprecated, use \helpref{Mid}{wxstringmid} instead (but note that parameters
+have different meaning).
+
+Returns the part of the string between the indices {\it from} and {\it to}
+inclusive.
+
+\membersection{wxString::ToDouble}\label{wxstringtodouble}
+
+\constfunc{bool}{ToDouble}{\param{double}{ *val}}
+
+Attempts to convert the string to a floating point number. Returns TRUE on
+success (the number is stored in the location pointed to by {\it val}) or FALSE
+if the string does not represent such number.
+
+\wxheading{See also}
+
+\helpref{wxString::ToLong}{wxstringtolong},\\
+\helpref{wxString::ToULong}{wxstringtoulong}
+
+\membersection{wxString::ToLong}\label{wxstringtolong}
+
+\constfunc{bool}{ToLong}{\param{long}{ *val}, \param{int }{base = $10$}}
+
+Attempts to convert the string to a signed integer in base {\it base}. Returns
+{\tt TRUE} on success in which case the number is stored in the location
+pointed to by {\it val} or {\tt FALSE} if the string does not represent a
+valid number in the given base.
+
+The value of {\it base} must be comprised between $2$ and $36$, inclusive, or
+be a special value $0$ which means that the usual rules of {\tt C} numbers are
+applied: if the number starts with {\tt 0x} it is considered to be in base
+$16$, if it starts with {\tt 0} - in base $8$ and in base $10$ otherwise. Note
+that you may not want to specify the base $0$ if you are parsing the numbers
+which may have leading zeroes as they can yield unexpected (to the user not
+familiar with C) results.
+
+\wxheading{See also}
+
+\helpref{wxString::ToDouble}{wxstringtodouble},\\
+\helpref{wxString::ToULong}{wxstringtoulong}
+
+\membersection{wxString::ToULong}\label{wxstringtoulong}
+
+\constfunc{bool}{ToULong}{\param{unsigned long}{ *val}, \param{int }{base = $10$}}
+
+Attempts to convert the string to a ansigned integer in base {\it base}.
+Returns {\tt TRUE} on success in which case the number is stored in the
+location pointed to by {\it val} or {\tt FALSE} if the string does not
+represent a valid number in the given base.
+
+See \helpref{wxString::ToLong}{wxstringtolong} for the more detailed
+description of the {\it base} parameter.
+
+\wxheading{See also}
+
+\helpref{wxString::ToDouble}{wxstringtodouble},\\
+\helpref{wxString::ToLong}{wxstringtolong}
\membersection{wxString::Trim}\label{wxstringtrim}
Assignment: the effect of each operation is the same as for the corresponding
constructor (see \helpref{wxString constructors}{wxstringconstruct}).
-\membersection{operator wxString::$+$}\label{wxstringoperatorplus}
+\membersection{wxString::operator $+$}\label{wxstringoperatorplus}
Concatenation: all these operators return a new strign equal to the sum of the
operands.
These comparisons are case-sensitive.
+\section{\class{wxStringBuffer}}\label{wxstringbuffer}
+
+This tiny class allows to conveniently access the \helpref{wxString}{wxstring}
+internal buffer as a writable pointer without any risk to forget to restore
+the string to the usable state later.
+
+For example, assuming you have a low-level OS function called
+{\tt GetMeaningOfLifeAsString(char *)} returning the value in the provided
+buffer (which must be writable, of course) you might call it like this:
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+ wxString theAnswer;
+ GetMeaningOfLifeAsString(wxStringBuffer(theAnswer, 1024));
+ if ( theAnswer != "42" )
+ {
+ wxLogError("Something is very wrong!");
+ }
+\end{verbatim}
+
+\wxheading{Derived from}
+
+None
+
+\wxheading{Include files}
+
+<wx/string.h>
+
+\latexignore{\rtfignore{\wxheading{Members}}}
+
+\membersection{wxStringBuffer::wxStringBuffer}
+
+\func{}{wxStringBuffer}{\param{const wxString\& }{str}, \param{size\_t }{len}}
+
+Constructs a writable string buffer object associated with the given string
+and containing enough space for at least {\it len} characters. Basically, this
+is equivalent to calling \helpref{GetWriteBuf}{wxstringgetwritebuf} and
+saving the result.
+
+\membersection{wxStringBuffer::\destruct{wxStringBuffer}}
+
+\func{}{\destruct{wxStringBuffer}}{\void}
+
+Restores the string passed to the constructor to the usable state by calling
+\helpref{UngetWriteBuf}{wxstringungetwritebuf} on it.
+
+\membersection{wxStringBuffer::operator wxChar *}
+
+\constfunc{wxChar *}{operator wxChar *}{\void}
+
+Returns the writable pointer to a buffer of the size at least equal to the
+length specified in the constructor.
+
+
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