+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%% Name: file.tex
+%% Purpose: wxFile documentation
+%% Author: Vadim Zeitlin
+%% Modified by:
+%% Created: 14.01.02 (extracted from file.tex)
+%% RCS-ID: $Id$
+%% Copyright: (c) Vadim Zeitlin
+%% License: wxWindows license
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
\section{\class{wxFile}}\label{wxfile}
A wxFile performs raw file I/O. This is a very small class designed to
minimize the overhead of using it - in fact, there is hardly any overhead at
all, but using it brings you automatic error checking and hides differences
-between platforms and compilers.
+between platforms and compilers. wxFile also automatically closes the file in
+its destructor making it unnecessary to worry about forgetting to do it.
+wxFile is a wrapper around {\tt file descriptor.} - see also
+\helpref{wxFFile}{wxffile} for a wrapper around {\tt FILE} structure.
+
+{\tt wxFileOffset} is used by the wxFile functions which require offsets as
+parameter or return them. If the platform supports it, wxFileOffset is a typedef
+for a native 64 bit integer, otherwise a 32 bit integer is used for wxFileOffset.
\wxheading{Derived from}
wx/file.h defines the following constants:
-{\small
\begin{verbatim}
#define wxS_IRUSR 00400
#define wxS_IWUSR 00200
// default mode for the new files: corresponds to umask 022
#define wxS_DEFAULT (wxS_IRUSR | wxS_IWUSR | wxS_IRGRP | wxS_IWGRP | wxS_IROTH | wxS_IWOTH)
\end{verbatim}
-}
These constants define the file access rights and are used with
\helpref{wxFile::Create}{wxfilecreate} and \helpref{wxFile::Open}{wxfileopen}.
The {\it OpenMode} enumeration defines the different modes for opening a file,
-it's defined inside wxFile class so its members should be specified with {\it wxFile::} scope
+it is defined inside wxFile class so its members should be specified with {\it wxFile::} scope
resolution prefix. It is also used with \helpref{wxFile::Access}{wxfileaccess} function.
\twocolwidtha{7cm}
\twocolitem{{\bf wxFile::read\_write}}{Open file for reading and writing; can not be used with Access()}
\twocolitem{{\bf wxFile::write\_append}}{Open file for appending: the file is opened for writing, but the old
contents of the file is not erased and the file pointer is initially placed at the end of the file;
-can not be used with Access()}
+can not be used with Access(). This is the same as {\bf wxFile::write} if the
+file doesn't exist.}
+\twocolitem{{\bf wxFile::write\_excl}}{Open the file securely for writing (Uses O\_EXCL | O\_CREAT).
+Will fail if the file already exists, else create and open it atomically. Useful for opening temporary files without being vulnerable to race exploits.}
\end{twocollist}
Other constants defined elsewhere but used by wxFile functions are wxInvalidOffset which represents an
-invalid value of type {\it off\_t} and is returned by functions returning {\it off\_t} on error and the seek
+invalid value of type {\it wxFileOffset} and is returned by functions returning {\it wxFileOffset} on error and the seek
mode constants used with \helpref{Seek()}{wxfileseek}:
\twocolwidtha{7cm}
\latexignore{\rtfignore{\wxheading{Members}}}
-\membersection{wxFile::wxFile}\label{wxfileconstr}
+
+\membersection{wxFile::wxFile}\label{wxfilector}
\func{}{wxFile}{\void}
Default constructor.
-\func{}{wxFile}{\param{const char*}{ filename}, \param{wxFile::OpenMode}{ mode = wxFile::read}}
+\func{}{wxFile}{\param{const wxString\&}{ filename}, \param{wxFile::OpenMode}{ mode = wxFile::read}}
Opens a file with the given mode. As there is no way to return whether the
operation was successful or not from the constructor you should test the
\func{}{wxFile}{\param{int}{ fd}}
-Opens a file with the given file descriptor, which has already been opened.
+Associates the file with the given file descriptor, which has already been opened.
\wxheading{Parameters}
\docparam{fd}{An existing file descriptor (see \helpref{Attach()}{wxfileattach} for the list of predefined descriptors)}
-\membersection{wxFile::\destruct{wxFile}}
+
+\membersection{wxFile::\destruct{wxFile}}\label{wxfiledtor}
\func{}{\destruct{wxFile}}{\void}
Destructor will close the file.
-NB: it is not virtual so you should {\it not} derive from wxFile!
+{\bf NB:} it is not virtual so you should not use wxFile polymorphically.
+
\membersection{wxFile::Access}\label{wxfileaccess}
-\func{static bool}{Access}{\param{const char *}{ name}, \param{OpenMode}{ mode}}
+\func{static bool}{Access}{\param{const wxString\&}{ name}, \param{OpenMode}{ mode}}
This function verifies if we may access the given file in specified mode. Only
values of wxFile::read or wxFile::write really make sense here.
+
\membersection{wxFile::Attach}\label{wxfileattach}
\func{void}{Attach}{\param{int}{ fd}}
Attaches an existing file descriptor to the wxFile object. Example of predefined
file descriptors are 0, 1 and 2 which correspond to stdin, stdout and stderr (and
-have symbolic names of wxFile::fd\_stdin, wxFile::fd\_stdout and wxFile::fd\_stderr).
+have symbolic names of {\bf wxFile::fd\_stdin}, {\bf wxFile::fd\_stdout} and {\bf wxFile::fd\_stderr}).
The descriptor should be already opened and it will be closed by wxFile
object.
+
\membersection{wxFile::Close}\label{wxfileclose}
\func{void}{Close}{\void}
Closes the file.
+
\membersection{wxFile::Create}\label{wxfilecreate}
-\func{bool}{Create}{\param{const char*}{ filename}, \param{bool}{ overwrite = FALSE}, \param{int }{access = wxS\_DEFAULT}}
+\func{bool}{Create}{\param{const wxString\&}{ filename}, \param{bool}{ overwrite = false}, \param{int }{access = wxS\_DEFAULT}}
-Creates a file for writing. If the file already exists, setting {\bf overwrite} to TRUE
+Creates a file for writing. If the file already exists, setting {\bf overwrite} to true
will ensure it is overwritten.
+
\membersection{wxFile::Detach}\label{wxfiledetach}
\func{void}{Detach}{\void}
Get back a file descriptor from wxFile object - the caller is responsible for closing the file if this
-descriptor is opened. \helpref{IsOpened()}{wxfileisopened} will return FALSE after call to Detach().
+descriptor is opened. \helpref{IsOpened()}{wxfileisopened} will return false after call to Detach().
+
\membersection{wxFile::fd}\label{wxfilefd}
Returns the file descriptor associated with the file.
+
\membersection{wxFile::Eof}\label{wxfileeof}
\constfunc{bool}{Eof}{\void}
-Returns TRUE if the end of the file has been reached (the last byte has been read).
+Returns true if the end of the file has been reached.
+
+Note that the behaviour of the file pointer based class
+\helpref{wxFFile}{wxffile} is different as \helpref{wxFFile::Eof}{wxffileeof}
+will return true here only if an attempt has been made to read
+{\it past} the last byte of the file, while wxFile::Eof() will return true
+even before such attempt is made if the file pointer is at the last position
+in the file.
+
+Note also that this function doesn't work on unseekable file descriptors
+(examples include pipes, terminals and sockets under Unix) and an attempt to
+use it will result in an error message in such case. So, to read the entire
+file into memory, you should write a loop which uses
+\helpref{Read}{wxfileread} repeatedly and tests its return condition instead
+of using Eof() as this will not work for special files under Unix.
-Note that the behaviour of the file pointer based class
-\helpref{wxFFile}{wxffile} is different as \helpref{wxFFile::Eof}{wxffileeof}
-will return TRUE here only if an attempt has been made to read
-{\it past} the last byte of the file.
\membersection{wxFile::Exists}\label{wxfileexists}
-\func{static bool}{Exists}{\param{const char*}{ filename}}
+\func{static bool}{Exists}{\param{const wxString\&}{ filename}}
+
+Returns true if the given name specifies an existing regular file (not a
+directory or a link)
-Returns TRUE if the given name specifies an existing regular file.
\membersection{wxFile::Flush}\label{wxfileflush}
due to a missing fsync function, which reduces the usefulness of this function
(it can still be called but it will do nothing on unsupported compilers).
+
+\membersection{wxFile::GetKind}\label{wxfilegetfilekind}
+
+\constfunc{wxFileKind}{GetKind}{\void}
+
+Returns the type of the file. Possible return values are:
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+enum wxFileKind
+{
+ wxFILE_KIND_UNKNOWN,
+ wxFILE_KIND_DISK, // a file supporting seeking to arbitrary offsets
+ wxFILE_KIND_TERMINAL, // a tty
+ wxFILE_KIND_PIPE // a pipe
+};
+
+\end{verbatim}
+
+
\membersection{wxFile::IsOpened}\label{wxfileisopened}
\constfunc{bool}{IsOpened}{\void}
-Returns TRUE if the file has been opened.
+Returns true if the file has been opened.
+
\membersection{wxFile::Length}\label{wxfilelength}
-\constfunc{off\_t}{Length}{\void}
+\constfunc{wxFileOffset}{Length}{\void}
Returns the length of the file.
+
\membersection{wxFile::Open}\label{wxfileopen}
-\func{bool}{Open}{\param{const char*}{ filename}, \param{wxFile::OpenMode}{ mode = wxFile::read}}
+\func{bool}{Open}{\param{const wxString\&}{ filename}, \param{wxFile::OpenMode}{ mode = wxFile::read}}
-Opens the file, returning TRUE if successful.
+Opens the file, returning true if successful.
\wxheading{Parameters}
\docparam{mode}{The mode in which to open the file. May be one of {\bf wxFile::read}, {\bf wxFile::write} and {\bf wxFile::read\_write}.}
+
\membersection{wxFile::Read}\label{wxfileread}
-\func{off\_t}{Read}{\param{void*}{ buffer}, \param{off\_t}{ count}}
+\func{size\_t}{Read}{\param{void*}{ buffer}, \param{size\_t}{ count}}
Reads the specified number of bytes into a buffer, returning the actual number read.
The number of bytes read, or the symbol {\bf wxInvalidOffset} (-1) if there was an error.
+
\membersection{wxFile::Seek}\label{wxfileseek}
-\func{off\_t}{Seek}{\param{off\_t }{ofs}, \param{wxSeekMode }{mode = wxFromStart}}
+\func{wxFileOffset}{Seek}{\param{wxFileOffset }{ofs}, \param{wxSeekMode }{mode = wxFromStart}}
Seeks to the specified position.
The actual offset position achieved, or wxInvalidOffset on failure.
+
\membersection{wxFile::SeekEnd}\label{wxfileseekend}
-\func{off\_t}{SeekEnd}{\param{off\_t }{ofs = 0}}
+\func{wxFileOffset}{SeekEnd}{\param{wxFileOffset }{ofs = 0}}
-Moves the file pointer to the specified number of bytes before the end of the file.
+Moves the file pointer to the specified number of bytes relative to the end of
+the file. For example, \texttt{SeekEnd($-5$)} would position the pointer $5$
+bytes before the end.
\wxheading{Parameters}
The actual offset position achieved, or wxInvalidOffset on failure.
+
\membersection{wxFile::Tell}\label{wxfiletell}
-\constfunc{off\_t}{Tell}{\void}
+\constfunc{wxFileOffset}{Tell}{\void}
Returns the current position or wxInvalidOffset if file is not opened or if another
-error occured.
+error occurred.
+
\membersection{wxFile::Write}\label{wxfilewrite}
-\func{bool}{Write}{\param{const void*}{ buffer}, \param{off\_t}{ count}}
+\func{size\_t}{Write}{\param{const void*}{ buffer}, \param{size\_t}{ count}}
Writes the specified number of bytes from a buffer.
\wxheading{Return value}
-TRUE if the operation was successful.
-
-\membersection{wxFile::Write}\label{wxfilewrites}
-
-\func{bool}{Write}{\param{const wxString\& }{s}}
-
-Writes the contents of the string to the file, returns TRUE on success.
-
-\section{\class{wxFFile}}\label{wxffile}
-
-A wxFFile performs raw file I/O. This is a very small class designed to
-minimize the overhead of using it - in fact, there is hardly any overhead at
-all, but using it brings you automatic error checking and hides differences
-between platforms and compilers.
-
-\wxheading{Derived from}
-
-None.
-
-\wxheading{Include files}
-
-<wx/ffile.h>
-
-\twocolwidtha{7cm}
-\begin{twocollist}\itemsep=0pt%
-\twocolitem{{\bf wxFromStart}}{Count offset from the start of the file}
-\twocolitem{{\bf wxFromCurrent}}{Count offset from the current position of the file pointer}
-\twocolitem{{\bf wxFromEnd}}{Count offset from the end of the file (backwards)}
-\end{twocollist}
-
-\latexignore{\rtfignore{\wxheading{Members}}}
-
-\membersection{wxFFile::wxFFile}\label{wxffileconstr}
-
-\func{}{wxFFile}{\void}
-
-Default constructor.
-
-\func{}{wxFFile}{\param{const char*}{ filename}, \param{const char*}{ mode = "r"}}
-
-Opens a file with the given mode. As there is no way to return whether the
-operation was successful or not from the constructor you should test the
-return value of \helpref{IsOpened}{wxffileisopened} to check that it didn't
-fail.
-
-\func{}{wxFFile}{\param{FILE*}{ fp}}
-
-Opens a file with the given file pointer, which has already been opened.
-
-\wxheading{Parameters}
-
-\docparam{filename}{The filename.}
-
-\docparam{mode}{The mode in which to open the file using standard C strings.}
+the number of bytes actually written
-\docparam{fp}{An existing file descriptor, such as stderr.}
-
-\membersection{wxFFile::\destruct{wxFFile}}
-
-\func{}{\destruct{wxFFile}}{\void}
-
-Destructor will close the file.
-
-NB: it is not virtual so you should {\it not} derive from wxFFile!
-
-\membersection{wxFFile::Attach}\label{wxffileattach}
-
-\func{void}{Attach}{\param{FILE*}{ fp}}
-
-Attaches an existing file pointer to the wxFFile object.
-
-The descriptor should be already opened and it will be closed by wxFFile
-object.
-\membersection{wxFFile::Close}\label{wxffileclose}
-
-\func{bool}{Close}{\void}
-
-Closes the file and returns TRUE on success.
-
-\membersection{wxFFile::Detach}\label{wxffiledetach}
-
-\func{void}{Detach}{\void}
-
-Get back a file pointer from wxFFile object - the caller is responsible for closing the file if this
-descriptor is opened. \helpref{IsOpened()}{wxffileisopened} will return FALSE after call to Detach().
-
-\membersection{wxFFile::fp}\label{wxffilefp}
-
-\constfunc{FILE *}{fp}{\void}
-
-Returns the file pointer associated with the file.
-
-\membersection{wxFFile::Eof}\label{wxffileeof}
-
-\constfunc{bool}{Eof}{\void}
-
-Returns TRUE if the an attempt has been made to read {\it past}
-the end of the file.
-
-Note that the behaviour of the file descriptor based class
-\helpref{wxFile}{wxfile} is different as \helpref{wxFile::Eof}{wxfileeof}
-will return TRUE here as soon as the last byte of the file has been
-read.
-
-\membersection{wxFFile::Flush}\label{wxffileflush}
-
-\func{bool}{Flush}{\void}
-
-Flushes the file and returns TRUE on success.
-
-\membersection{wxFFile::IsOpened}\label{wxffileisopened}
-
-\constfunc{bool}{IsOpened}{\void}
-
-Returns TRUE if the file has been opened.
-
-\membersection{wxFFile::Length}\label{wxffilelength}
-
-\constfunc{size\_t}{Length}{\void}
-
-Returns the length of the file.
-
-\membersection{wxFFile::Open}\label{wxffileopen}
-
-\func{bool}{Open}{\param{const char*}{ filename}, \param{const char*}{ mode = "r"}}
-
-Opens the file, returning TRUE if successful.
-
-\wxheading{Parameters}
-
-\docparam{filename}{The filename.}
-
-\docparam{mode}{The mode in which to open the file.}
-
-\membersection{wxFFile::Read}\label{wxffileread}
-
-\func{size\_t}{Read}{\param{void*}{ buffer}, \param{off\_t}{ count}}
-
-Reads the specified number of bytes into a buffer, returning the actual number read.
-
-\wxheading{Parameters}
-
-\docparam{buffer}{A buffer to receive the data.}
-
-\docparam{count}{The number of bytes to read.}
-
-\wxheading{Return value}
-
-The number of bytes read.
-
-\membersection{wxFFile::Seek}\label{wxffileseek}
-
-\func{bool}{Seek}{\param{long }{ofs}, \param{wxSeekMode }{mode = wxFromStart}}
-
-Seeks to the specified position and returs TRUE on success.
-
-\wxheading{Parameters}
-
-\docparam{ofs}{Offset to seek to.}
-
-\docparam{mode}{One of {\bf wxFromStart}, {\bf wxFromEnd}, {\bf wxFromCurrent}.}
-
-\membersection{wxFFile::SeekEnd}\label{wxffileseekend}
-
-\func{bool}{SeekEnd}{\param{long }{ofs = 0}}
-
-Moves the file pointer to the specified number of bytes before the end of the file
-and returns TRUE on success.
-
-\wxheading{Parameters}
-
-\docparam{ofs}{Number of bytes before the end of the file.}
-
-\membersection{wxFFile::Tell}\label{wxffiletell}
-
-\constfunc{size\_t}{Tell}{\void}
-
-Returns the current position.
-
-\membersection{wxFFile::Write}\label{wxffilewrite}
-
-\func{size_t}{Write}{\param{const void*}{ buffer}, \param{size\_t}{ count}}
-
-Writes the specified number of bytes from a buffer.
-
-\wxheading{Parameters}
-
-\docparam{buffer}{A buffer containing the data.}
-
-\docparam{count}{The number of bytes to write.}
-
-\wxheading{Return value}
+\membersection{wxFile::Write}\label{wxfilewrites}
-Number of bytes written.
+\func{bool}{Write}{\param{const wxString\& }{s}, \param{const wxMBConv\&}{ conv = wxConvUTF8}}
-\membersection{wxFFile::Write}\label{wxffilewrites}
+Writes the contents of the string to the file, returns true on success.
-\func{bool}{Write}{\param{const wxString\& }{s}}
+The second argument is only meaningful in Unicode build of wxWidgets when
+{\it conv} is used to convert {\it s} to multibyte representation.
-Writes the contents of the string to the file, returns TRUE on success.
+Note that this method only works with {\tt NUL}-terminated strings, if you want
+to write data with embedded {\tt NUL}s to the file you should use the other
+\helpref{Write() overload}{wxfilewrite}.
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