// Purpose: topic overview
// Author: wxWidgets team
// RCS-ID: $Id$
-// Licence: wxWindows license
+// Licence: wxWindows licence
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/**
- @page overview_docview Document/View Framework
-
- Classes: wxDocument, wxView, wxDocTemplate, wxDocManager, wxDocParentFrame,
- wxDocChildFrame, wxDocMDIParentFrame, wxDocMDIChildFrame,
- wxCommand, wxCommandProcessor
-
- The document/view framework is found in most application frameworks, because it
- can dramatically simplify the code required to build many kinds of application.
-
- The idea is that you can model your application primarily in terms of @e documents to store data
- and provide interface-independent operations upon it, and @e views to visualise and manipulate
- the data. Documents know how to do input and output given stream objects, and views are responsible
- for taking input from physical windows and performing the manipulation on the document data.
-
- If a document's data changes, all views should be updated to reflect the change.
- The framework can provide many user-interface elements based on this model.
-
- Once you have defined your own classes and the relationships between them, the framework
- takes care of popping up file selectors, opening and closing files, asking the user to save
- modifications, routing menu commands to appropriate (possibly default) code, even
- some default print/preview functionality and support for command undo/redo.
-
- The framework is highly modular, allowing overriding and replacement of functionality
- and objects to achieve more than the default behaviour.
+@page overview_docview Document/View Framework
+
+Classes: wxDocument, wxView, wxDocTemplate, wxDocManager, wxDocParentFrame,
+ wxDocChildFrame, wxDocMDIParentFrame, wxDocMDIChildFrame,
+ wxCommand, wxCommandProcessor
+
+The document/view framework is found in most application frameworks, because it
+can dramatically simplify the code required to build many kinds of application.
+
+The idea is that you can model your application primarily in terms of @e documents to store data
+and provide interface-independent operations upon it, and @e views to visualise and manipulate
+the data. Documents know how to do input and output given stream objects, and views are responsible
+for taking input from physical windows and performing the manipulation on the document data.
+
+If a document's data changes, all views should be updated to reflect the change.
+The framework can provide many user-interface elements based on this model.
+
+Once you have defined your own classes and the relationships between them, the framework
+takes care of popping up file selectors, opening and closing files, asking the user to save
+modifications, routing menu commands to appropriate (possibly default) code, even
+some default print/preview functionality and support for command undo/redo.
+
+The framework is highly modular, allowing overriding and replacement of functionality
+and objects to achieve more than the default behaviour.
- These are the overall steps involved in creating an application based on the
- document/view framework:
+These are the overall steps involved in creating an application based on the
+document/view framework:
- @li Define your own document and view classes, overriding a minimal set of
- member functions e.g. for input/output, drawing and initialization.
- @li Define any subwindows (such as a scrolled window) that are needed for the view(s).
- You may need to route some events to views or documents, for example OnPaint needs
- to be routed to wxView::OnDraw.
- @li Decide what style of interface you will use: Microsoft's MDI (multiple
- document child frames surrounded by an overall frame), SDI (a separate, unconstrained frame
- for each document), or single-window (one document open at a time, as in Windows Write).
- @li Use the appropriate wxDocParentFrame and wxDocChildFrame classes. Construct an instance
- of wxDocParentFrame in your wxApp::OnInit, and a wxDocChildFrame (if not single-window) when
- you initialize a view. Create menus using standard menu ids (such as wxID_OPEN, wxID_PRINT).
- @li Construct a single wxDocManager instance at the beginning of your wxApp::OnInit, and then
- as many wxDocTemplate instances as necessary to define relationships between documents and
- views. For a simple application, there will be just one wxDocTemplate.
-
- If you wish to implement Undo/Redo, you need to derive your own class(es) from wxCommand
- and use wxCommandProcessor::Submit instead of directly executing code. The framework will
- take care of calling Undo and Do functions as appropriate, so long as the wxID_UNDO and
- wxID_REDO menu items are defined in the view menu.
+@li Define your own document and view classes, overriding a minimal set of
+ member functions e.g. for input/output, drawing and initialization.
+@li Define any subwindows (such as a scrolled window) that are needed for the view(s).
+ You may need to route some events to views or documents, for example OnPaint needs
+ to be routed to wxView::OnDraw.
+@li Decide what style of interface you will use: Microsoft's MDI (multiple
+ document child frames surrounded by an overall frame), SDI (a separate, unconstrained frame
+ for each document), or single-window (one document open at a time, as in Windows Write).
+@li Use the appropriate wxDocParentFrame and wxDocChildFrame classes. Construct an instance
+ of wxDocParentFrame in your wxApp::OnInit, and a wxDocChildFrame (if not single-window) when
+ you initialize a view. Create menus using standard menu ids (such as wxID_OPEN, wxID_PRINT).
+@li Construct a single wxDocManager instance at the beginning of your wxApp::OnInit, and then
+ as many wxDocTemplate instances as necessary to define relationships between documents and
+ views. For a simple application, there will be just one wxDocTemplate.
+
+If you wish to implement Undo/Redo, you need to derive your own class(es) from wxCommand
+and use wxCommandProcessor::Submit instead of directly executing code. The framework will
+take care of calling Undo and Do functions as appropriate, so long as the wxID_UNDO and
+wxID_REDO menu items are defined in the view menu.
- Here are a few examples of the tailoring you can do to go beyond the default framework
- behaviour:
+Here are a few examples of the tailoring you can do to go beyond the default framework
+behaviour:
- @li Override wxDocument::OnCreateCommandProcessor to define a different Do/Undo strategy,
- or a command history editor.
- @li Override wxView::OnCreatePrintout to create an instance of a derived wxPrintout
- class, to provide multi-page document facilities.
- @li Override wxDocManager::SelectDocumentPath to provide a different file selector.
- @li Limit the maximum number of open documents and the maximum number of undo commands.
+@li Override wxDocument::OnCreateCommandProcessor to define a different Do/Undo strategy,
+ or a command history editor.
+@li Override wxView::OnCreatePrintout to create an instance of a derived wxPrintout
+ class, to provide multi-page document facilities.
+@li Override wxDocManager::SelectDocumentPath to provide a different file selector.
+@li Limit the maximum number of open documents and the maximum number of undo commands.
- Note that to activate framework functionality, you need to use some or all of
- the wxWidgets @ref overview_docview_predefid in your menus.
+Note that to activate framework functionality, you need to use some or all of
+the wxWidgets @ref overview_docview_predefid in your menus.
- @beginWxPerlOnly
- The document/view framework is available in wxPerl. To use it,
- you will need the following statements in your application code:
-
- @code
- use Wx::DocView;
- use Wx ':docview'; # import constants (optional)
- @endcode
- @endWxPerlOnly
-
- @li @ref overview_docview_wxdoc
- @li @ref overview_docview_wxview
- @li @ref overview_docview_wxdoctemplate
- @li @ref overview_docview_wxdocmanager
- @li @ref overview_docview_wxcommand
- @li @ref overview_docview_wxcommandproc
- @li @ref overview_docview_filehistory
- @li @ref overview_docview_predefid
+@beginWxPerlOnly
+The document/view framework is available in wxPerl. To use it,
+you will need the following statements in your application code:
+
+@code
+use Wx::DocView;
+use Wx ':docview'; # import constants (optional)
+@endcode
+@endWxPerlOnly
+
+@li @ref overview_docview_wxdoc
+@li @ref overview_docview_wxview
+@li @ref overview_docview_wxdoctemplate
+@li @ref overview_docview_wxdocmanager
+@li @ref overview_docview_wxcommand
+@li @ref overview_docview_wxcommandproc
+@li @ref overview_docview_filehistory
+@li @ref overview_docview_predefid
- <hr>
+<hr>
- @section overview_docview_wxdoc wxDocument overview
+@section overview_docview_wxdoc wxDocument overview
- Class: wxDocument
+Class: wxDocument
- The wxDocument class can be used to model an application's file-based
- data. It is part of the document/view framework supported by wxWidgets,
- and cooperates with the wxView, wxDocTemplate and wxDocManager classes.
- Using this framework can save a lot of routine user-interface programming,
- since a range of menu commands -- such as open, save, save as -- are supported
- automatically.
+The wxDocument class can be used to model an application's file-based
+data. It is part of the document/view framework supported by wxWidgets,
+and cooperates with the wxView, wxDocTemplate and wxDocManager classes.
+Using this framework can save a lot of routine user-interface programming,
+since a range of menu commands -- such as open, save, save as -- are supported
+automatically.
- The programmer just needs to define a minimal set of classes and member functions
- for the framework to call when necessary. Data, and the means to view and edit
- the data, are explicitly separated out in this model, and the concept of multiple
- @e views onto the same data is supported.
+The programmer just needs to define a minimal set of classes and member functions
+for the framework to call when necessary. Data, and the means to view and edit
+the data, are explicitly separated out in this model, and the concept of multiple
+@e views onto the same data is supported.
- Note that the document/view model will suit many but not all styles of application.
- For example, it would be overkill for a simple file conversion utility, where there
- may be no call for @e views on @e documents or the ability to open, edit and save
- files. But probably the majority of applications are document-based.
+Note that the document/view model will suit many but not all styles of application.
+For example, it would be overkill for a simple file conversion utility, where there
+may be no call for @e views on @e documents or the ability to open, edit and save
+files. But probably the majority of applications are document-based.
- See the example application in @c samples/docview.
- To use the abstract wxDocument class, you need to derive a new class and override
- at least the member functions SaveObject and LoadObject. SaveObject and
- LoadObject will be called by the framework when the document needs to be saved
- or loaded.
+See the example application in @c samples/docview.
+To use the abstract wxDocument class, you need to derive a new class and override
+at least the member functions SaveObject and LoadObject. SaveObject and
+LoadObject will be called by the framework when the document needs to be saved
+or loaded.
- Use the macros DECLARE_DYNAMIC_CLASS and IMPLEMENT_DYNAMIC_CLASS in order
- to allow the framework to create document objects on demand. When you create
- a wxDocTemplate object on application initialization, you
- should pass CLASSINFO(YourDocumentClass) to the wxDocTemplate constructor
- so that it knows how to create an instance of this class.
+Use the macros DECLARE_DYNAMIC_CLASS and IMPLEMENT_DYNAMIC_CLASS in order
+to allow the framework to create document objects on demand. When you create
+a wxDocTemplate object on application initialization, you
+should pass CLASSINFO(YourDocumentClass) to the wxDocTemplate constructor
+so that it knows how to create an instance of this class.
- If you do not wish to use the wxWidgets method of creating document
- objects dynamically, you must override wxDocTemplate::CreateDocument
- to return an instance of the appropriate class.
+If you do not wish to use the wxWidgets method of creating document
+objects dynamically, you must override wxDocTemplate::CreateDocument
+to return an instance of the appropriate class.
- @section overview_docview_wxview wxView overview
+@section overview_docview_wxview wxView overview
- Class: wxView
+Class: wxView
- The wxView class can be used to model the viewing and editing component of
- an application's file-based data. It is part of the document/view framework
- supported by wxWidgets, and cooperates with the wxDocument, wxDocTemplate
- and wxDocManager classes.
+The wxView class can be used to model the viewing and editing component of
+an application's file-based data. It is part of the document/view framework
+supported by wxWidgets, and cooperates with the wxDocument, wxDocTemplate
+and wxDocManager classes.
- See the example application in @c samples/docview.
+See the example application in @c samples/docview.
- To use the abstract wxView class, you need to derive a new class and override
- at least the member functions OnCreate, OnDraw, OnUpdate and OnClose. You will probably
- want to respond to menu commands from the frame containing the view.
+To use the abstract wxView class, you need to derive a new class and override
+at least the member functions OnCreate, OnDraw, OnUpdate and OnClose. You will probably
+want to respond to menu commands from the frame containing the view.
- Use the macros DECLARE_DYNAMIC_CLASS and IMPLEMENT_DYNAMIC_CLASS in order
- to allow the framework to create view objects on demand. When you create
- a wxDocTemplate object on application initialization, you
- should pass CLASSINFO(YourViewClass) to the wxDocTemplate constructor
- so that it knows how to create an instance of this class.
+Use the macros DECLARE_DYNAMIC_CLASS and IMPLEMENT_DYNAMIC_CLASS in order
+to allow the framework to create view objects on demand. When you create
+a wxDocTemplate object on application initialization, you
+should pass CLASSINFO(YourViewClass) to the wxDocTemplate constructor
+so that it knows how to create an instance of this class.
- If you do not wish to use the wxWidgets method of creating view
- objects dynamically, you must override wxDocTemplate::CreateView
- to return an instance of the appropriate class.
+If you do not wish to use the wxWidgets method of creating view
+objects dynamically, you must override wxDocTemplate::CreateView
+to return an instance of the appropriate class.
- @section overview_docview_wxdoctemplate wxDocTemplate overview
+@section overview_docview_wxdoctemplate wxDocTemplate overview
- Class: wxDocTemplate
+Class: wxDocTemplate
- The wxDocTemplate class is used to model the relationship between a
- document class and a view class. The application creates a document
- template object for each document/view pair. The list of document
- templates managed by the wxDocManager instance is used to create
- documents and views. Each document template knows what file filters
- and default extension are appropriate for a document/view combination,
- and how to create a document or view.
+The wxDocTemplate class is used to model the relationship between a
+document class and a view class. The application creates a document
+template object for each document/view pair. The list of document
+templates managed by the wxDocManager instance is used to create
+documents and views. Each document template knows what file filters
+and default extension are appropriate for a document/view combination,
+and how to create a document or view.
- For example, you might write a small doodling application that can load
- and save lists of line segments. If you had two views of the data -- graphical,
- and a list of the segments -- then you would create one document class DoodleDocument,
- and two view classes (DoodleGraphicView and DoodleListView). You would also
- need two document templates, one for the graphical view and another for the
- list view. You would pass the same document class and default file extension to both
- document templates, but each would be passed a different view class. When
- the user clicks on the Open menu item, the file selector is displayed
- with a list of possible file filters -- one for each wxDocTemplate. Selecting
- the filter selects the wxDocTemplate, and when a file is selected, that template
- will be used for creating a document and view.
+For example, you might write a small doodling application that can load
+and save lists of line segments. If you had two views of the data -- graphical,
+and a list of the segments -- then you would create one document class DoodleDocument,
+and two view classes (DoodleGraphicView and DoodleListView). You would also
+need two document templates, one for the graphical view and another for the
+list view. You would pass the same document class and default file extension to both
+document templates, but each would be passed a different view class. When
+the user clicks on the Open menu item, the file selector is displayed
+with a list of possible file filters -- one for each wxDocTemplate. Selecting
+the filter selects the wxDocTemplate, and when a file is selected, that template
+will be used for creating a document and view.
- For the case where an application has one document type and one view type,
- a single document template is constructed, and dialogs will be appropriately
- simplified.
+For the case where an application has one document type and one view type,
+a single document template is constructed, and dialogs will be appropriately
+simplified.
- wxDocTemplate is part of the document/view framework supported by wxWidgets,
- and cooperates with the wxView, wxDocument and wxDocManager classes.
+wxDocTemplate is part of the document/view framework supported by wxWidgets,
+and cooperates with the wxView, wxDocument and wxDocManager classes.
- See the example application in @c samples/docview.
+See the example application in @c samples/docview.
- To use the wxDocTemplate class, you do not need to derive a new class.
- Just pass relevant information to the constructor including CLASSINFO(YourDocumentClass)
- and CLASSINFO(YourViewClass) to allow dynamic instance creation.
+To use the wxDocTemplate class, you do not need to derive a new class.
+Just pass relevant information to the constructor including CLASSINFO(YourDocumentClass)
+and CLASSINFO(YourViewClass) to allow dynamic instance creation.
- If you do not wish to use the wxWidgets method of creating document
- objects dynamically, you must override wxDocTemplate::CreateDocument
- and wxDocTemplate::CreateView to return instances of the appropriate class.
+If you do not wish to use the wxWidgets method of creating document
+objects dynamically, you must override wxDocTemplate::CreateDocument
+and wxDocTemplate::CreateView to return instances of the appropriate class.
- @note The document template has nothing to do with the C++ template construct.
+@note The document template has nothing to do with the C++ template construct.
- @section overview_docview_wxdocmanager wxDocManager overview
+@section overview_docview_wxdocmanager wxDocManager overview
- Class: wxDocManager
+Class: wxDocManager
- The wxDocManager class is part of the document/view framework supported by wxWidgets,
- and cooperates with the wxView, wxDocument and wxDocTemplate classes.
+The wxDocManager class is part of the document/view framework supported by wxWidgets,
+and cooperates with the wxView, wxDocument and wxDocTemplate classes.
- A wxDocManager instance coordinates documents, views and document templates.
- It keeps a list of document and template instances, and much functionality is routed
- through this object, such as providing selection and file dialogs.
- The application can use this class 'as is' or derive a class and override some members
- to extend or change the functionality.
+A wxDocManager instance coordinates documents, views and document templates.
+It keeps a list of document and template instances, and much functionality is routed
+through this object, such as providing selection and file dialogs.
+The application can use this class 'as is' or derive a class and override some members
+to extend or change the functionality.
- Create an instance of this class near the beginning of your application initialization,
- before any documents, views or templates are manipulated.
+Create an instance of this class near the beginning of your application initialization,
+before any documents, views or templates are manipulated.
- There may be multiple wxDocManager instances in an application.
- See the example application in @c samples/docview.
+There may be multiple wxDocManager instances in an application.
+See the example application in @c samples/docview.
- @section overview_docview_wxcommand wxCommand overview
+@section overview_docview_wxcommand wxCommand overview
- Classes: wxCommand, wxCommandProcessor
+Classes: wxCommand, wxCommandProcessor
- wxCommand is a base class for modelling an application command,
- which is an action usually performed by selecting a menu item, pressing
- a toolbar button or any other means provided by the application to
- change the data or view.
+wxCommand is a base class for modelling an application command,
+which is an action usually performed by selecting a menu item, pressing
+a toolbar button or any other means provided by the application to
+change the data or view.
- Instead of the application functionality being scattered around
- switch statements and functions in a way that may be hard to
- read and maintain, the functionality for a command is explicitly represented
- as an object which can be manipulated by a framework or application.
+Instead of the application functionality being scattered around
+switch statements and functions in a way that may be hard to
+read and maintain, the functionality for a command is explicitly represented
+as an object which can be manipulated by a framework or application.
- When a user interface event occurs, the application @e submits a command
- to a wxCommandProcessor object to execute and store.
+When a user interface event occurs, the application @e submits a command
+to a wxCommandProcessor object to execute and store.
- The wxWidgets document/view framework handles Undo and Redo by use of
- wxCommand and wxCommandProcessor objects. You might find further uses
- for wxCommand, such as implementing a macro facility that stores, loads
- and replays commands.
+The wxWidgets document/view framework handles Undo and Redo by use of
+wxCommand and wxCommandProcessor objects. You might find further uses
+for wxCommand, such as implementing a macro facility that stores, loads
+and replays commands.
- An application can derive a new class for every command, or, more likely, use
- one class parameterized with an integer or string command identifier.
+An application can derive a new class for every command, or, more likely, use
+one class parameterized with an integer or string command identifier.
- @section overview_docview_wxcommandproc wxCommandProcessor overview
+@section overview_docview_wxcommandproc wxCommandProcessor overview
- Classes: wxCommandProcessor, wxCommand
+Classes: wxCommandProcessor, wxCommand
- wxCommandProcessor is a class that maintains a history of wxCommand
- instances, with undo/redo functionality built-in. Derive a new class from this
- if you want different behaviour.
+wxCommandProcessor is a class that maintains a history of wxCommand
+instances, with undo/redo functionality built-in. Derive a new class from this
+if you want different behaviour.
- @section overview_docview_filehistory wxFileHistory overview
+@section overview_docview_filehistory wxFileHistory overview
- Classes: wxFileHistory, wxDocManager
+Classes: wxFileHistory, wxDocManager
- wxFileHistory encapsulates functionality to record the last few files visited, and
- to allow the user to quickly load these files using the list appended to the File menu.
- Although wxFileHistory is used by wxDocManager, it can be used independently. You may wish
- to derive from it to allow different behaviour, such as popping up a scrolling
- list of files.
+wxFileHistory encapsulates functionality to record the last few files visited, and
+to allow the user to quickly load these files using the list appended to the File menu.
+Although wxFileHistory is used by wxDocManager, it can be used independently. You may wish
+to derive from it to allow different behaviour, such as popping up a scrolling
+list of files.
- By calling wxFileHistory::UseMenu() you can associate a file menu with the file history.
- The menu will then be used for appending filenames that are added to the history.
+By calling wxFileHistory::UseMenu() you can associate a file menu with the file history.
+The menu will then be used for appending filenames that are added to the history.
- Please notice that currently if the history already contained filenames when UseMenu()
- is called (e.g. when initializing a second MDI child frame), the menu is not automatically
- initialized with the existing filenames in the history and so you need to call
- wxFileHistory::AddFilesToMenu() after UseMenu() explicitly in order to initialize the menu with
- the existing list of MRU files (otherwise an assertion failure is raised in debug builds).
+Please notice that currently if the history already contained filenames when UseMenu()
+is called (e.g. when initializing a second MDI child frame), the menu is not automatically
+initialized with the existing filenames in the history and so you need to call
+wxFileHistory::AddFilesToMenu() after UseMenu() explicitly in order to initialize the menu with
+the existing list of MRU files (otherwise an assertion failure is raised in debug builds).
- The filenames are appended using menu identifiers in the range @c wxID_FILE1 to @c wxID_FILE9.
+The filenames are appended using menu identifiers in the range @c wxID_FILE1 to @c wxID_FILE9.
- In order to respond to a file load command from one of these identifiers,
- you need to handle them using an event handler, for example:
+In order to respond to a file load command from one of these identifiers,
+you need to handle them using an event handler, for example:
- @code
- BEGIN_EVENT_TABLE(wxDocParentFrame, wxFrame)
- EVT_MENU(wxID_EXIT, wxDocParentFrame::OnExit)
- EVT_MENU_RANGE(wxID_FILE1, wxID_FILE9, wxDocParentFrame::OnMRUFile)
- END_EVENT_TABLE()
+@code
+BEGIN_EVENT_TABLE(wxDocParentFrame, wxFrame)
+ EVT_MENU(wxID_EXIT, wxDocParentFrame::OnExit)
+ EVT_MENU_RANGE(wxID_FILE1, wxID_FILE9, wxDocParentFrame::OnMRUFile)
+END_EVENT_TABLE()
- void wxDocParentFrame::OnExit(wxCommandEvent& WXUNUSED(event))
- {
- Close();
- }
+void wxDocParentFrame::OnExit(wxCommandEvent& WXUNUSED(event))
+{
+ Close();
+}
- void wxDocParentFrame::OnMRUFile(wxCommandEvent& event)
- {
- wxString f(m_docManager->GetHistoryFile(event.GetId() - wxID_FILE1));
- if (!f.empty())
- (void)m_docManager-CreateDocument(f, wxDOC_SILENT);
- }
- @endcode
+void wxDocParentFrame::OnMRUFile(wxCommandEvent& event)
+{
+ wxString f(m_docManager->GetHistoryFile(event.GetId() - wxID_FILE1));
+ if (!f.empty())
+ (void)m_docManager-CreateDocument(f, wxDOC_SILENT);
+}
+@endcode
- @section overview_docview_predefid wxWidgets predefined command identifiers
+@section overview_docview_predefid wxWidgets predefined command identifiers
- To allow communication between the application's menus and the
- document/view framework, several command identifiers are predefined for you
- to use in menus.
+To allow communication between the application's menus and the
+document/view framework, several command identifiers are predefined for you
+to use in menus.
- @verbatim
- wxID_OPEN (5000)
- wxID_CLOSE (5001)
- wxID_NEW (5002)
- wxID_SAVE (5003)
- wxID_SAVEAS (5004)
- wxID_REVERT (5005)
- wxID_EXIT (5006)
- wxID_UNDO (5007)
- wxID_REDO (5008)
- wxID_HELP (5009)
- wxID_PRINT (5010)
- wxID_PRINT_SETUP (5011)
- wxID_PREVIEW (5012)
- @endverbatim
+@verbatim
+wxID_OPEN (5000)
+wxID_CLOSE (5001)
+wxID_NEW (5002)
+wxID_SAVE (5003)
+wxID_SAVEAS (5004)
+wxID_REVERT (5005)
+wxID_EXIT (5006)
+wxID_UNDO (5007)
+wxID_REDO (5008)
+wxID_HELP (5009)
+wxID_PRINT (5010)
+wxID_PRINT_SETUP (5011)
+wxID_PREVIEW (5012)
+@endverbatim
*/
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