src/tiff/html/man/tiffcp.1.html

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<!-- CreationDate: Mon Mar 13 18:03:13 2006 -->
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<title>TIFFCP</title>
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<h1 align=center>TIFFCP</h1>
<a href="#NAME">NAME</a><br>
<a href="#SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a><br>
<a href="#DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a><br>
<a href="#OPTIONS">OPTIONS</a><br>
<a href="#EXAMPLES">EXAMPLES</a><br>
<a href="#SEE ALSO">SEE ALSO</a><br>

<hr>
<a name="NAME"></a>
<h2>NAME</h2>
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<p>tiffcp &minus; copy (and possibly convert) a
<small>TIFF</small> file</p>
</td>
</table>
<a name="SYNOPSIS"></a>
<h2>SYNOPSIS</h2>
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<p><b>tiffcp</b> [ <i>options</i> ] <i>src1.tif ... srcN.tif
dst.tif</i></p>
</td>
</table>
<a name="DESCRIPTION"></a>
<h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
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<td width="91%">
<p><i>tiffcp</i> combines one or more files created
according to the Tag Image File Format, Revision 6.0 into a
single <small>TIFF</small> file. Because the output file may
be compressed using a different algorithm than the input
files, <i>tiffcp</i> is most often used to convert between
different compression schemes.</p>
<!-- INDENTATION -->
<p>By default, <i>tiffcp</i> will copy all the understood
tags in a <small>TIFF</small> directory of an input file to
the associated directory in the output file.</p>
<!-- INDENTATION -->
<p><i>tiffcp</i> can be used to reorganize the storage
characteristics of data in a file, but it is explicitly
intended to not alter or convert the image data content in
any way.</p>
</td>
</table>
<a name="OPTIONS"></a>
<h2>OPTIONS</h2>
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<p><b>&minus;b image</b></p></td>
</table>
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<tr valign="top" align="left">
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<td width="80%">
<p>subtract the following monochrome image from all others
processed. This can be used to remove a noise bias from a
set of images. This bias image is typically an image of
noise the camera saw with its shutter closed.</p>
</td>
</table>
<!-- TABS -->
<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
       cols="5" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="10%"></td>
<td width="3%">

<p><b>&minus;B</b></p>
</td>
<td width="5%"></td>
<td width="80%">

<p>Force output to be written with Big-Endian byte order.
This option only has an effect when the output file is
created or overwritten and not when it is appended to.</p>
</td>
<td width="0%">
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="10%"></td>
<td width="3%">

<p><b>&minus;C</b></p>
</td>
<td width="5%"></td>
<td width="80%">

<p>Suppress the use of &lsquo;&lsquo;strip
chopping&rsquo;&rsquo; when reading images that have a
single strip/tile of uncompressed data.</p>
</td>
<td width="0%">
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="10%"></td>
<td width="3%">

<p><b>&minus;c</b></p>
</td>
<td width="5%"></td>
<td width="80%">

<p>Specify the compression to use for data written to the
output file: <b>none</b> for no compression, <b>packbits</b>
for PackBits compression, <b>lzw</b> for Lempel-Ziv &amp;
Welch compression, <b>jpeg</b> for baseline JPEG
compression, <b>zip</b> for Deflate compression, <b>g3</b>
for CCITT Group 3 (T.4) compression, and <b>g4</b> for CCITT
Group 4 (T.6) compression. By default <i>tiffcp</i> will
compress data according to the value of the
<i>Compression</i> tag found in the source file.</p>
</td>
<td width="0%">
</td>
</table>
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<td width="82%">
<p>The <small>CCITT</small> Group 3 and Group 4 compression
algorithms can only be used with bilevel data.</p>
<!-- INDENTATION -->
<p>Group 3 compression can be specified together with
several T.4-specific options: <b>1d</b> for 1-dimensional
encoding, <b>2d</b> for 2-dimensional encoding, and
<b>fill</b> to force each encoded scanline to be zero-filled
so that the terminating EOL code lies on a byte boundary.
Group 3-specific options are specified by appending a
&lsquo;&lsquo;:&rsquo;&rsquo;-separated list to the
&lsquo;&lsquo;g3&rsquo;&rsquo; option; e.g. <b>&minus;c
g3:2d:fill</b> to get 2D-encoded data with byte-aligned EOL
codes.</p>
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<p><small>LZW</small> compression can be specified together
with a <i>predictor</i> value. A predictor value of 2 causes
each scanline of the output image to undergo horizontal
differencing before it is encoded; a value of 1 forces each
scanline to be encoded without differencing. LZW-specific
options are specified by appending a
&lsquo;&lsquo;:&rsquo;&rsquo;-separated list to the
&lsquo;&lsquo;lzw&rsquo;&rsquo; option; e.g. <b>&minus;c
lzw:2</b> for <small>LZW</small> compression with horizontal
differencing.</p>
</td>
</table>
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<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
       cols="5" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="10%"></td>
<td width="3%">

<p><b>&minus;f</b></p>
</td>
<td width="5%"></td>
<td width="80%">

<p>Specify the bit fill order to use in writing output
data. By default, <i>tiffcp</i> will create a new file with
the same fill order as the original. Specifying <b>&minus;f
lsb2msb</b> will force data to be written with the FillOrder
tag set to <small>LSB2MSB,</small> while <b>&minus;f
msb2lsb</b> will force data to be written with the FillOrder
tag set to <small>MSB2LSB.</small></p>
</td>
<td width="0%">
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="10%"></td>
<td width="3%">

<p><b>&minus;l</b></p>
</td>
<td width="5%"></td>
<td width="80%">

<p>Specify the length of a tile (in pixels). <i>tiffcp</i>
attempts to set the tile dimensions so that no more than 8
kilobytes of data appear in a tile.</p>
</td>
<td width="0%">
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="10%"></td>
<td width="3%">

<p><b>&minus;L</b></p>
</td>
<td width="5%"></td>
<td width="80%">

<p>Force output to be written with Little-Endian byte
order. This option only has an effect when the output file
is created or overwritten and not when it is appended
to.</p>
</td>
<td width="0%">
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="10%"></td>
<td width="3%">

<p><b>&minus;M</b></p>
</td>
<td width="5%"></td>
<td width="80%">

<p>Suppress the use of memory-mapped files when reading
images.</p>
</td>
<td width="0%">
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="10%"></td>
<td width="3%">

<p><b>&minus;p</b></p>
</td>
<td width="5%"></td>
<td width="80%">

<p>Specify the planar configuration to use in writing image
data that has one 8-bit sample per pixel. By default,
<i>tiffcp</i> will create a new file with the same planar
configuration as the original. Specifying <b>&minus;p
contig</b> will force data to be written with multi-sample
data packed together, while <b>&minus;p separate</b> will
force samples to be written in separate planes.</p>
</td>
<td width="0%">
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="10%"></td>
<td width="3%">

<p><b>&minus;r</b></p>
</td>
<td width="5%"></td>
<td width="80%">

<p>Specify the number of rows (scanlines) in each strip of
data written to the output file. By default (or when value
<b>0</b> is specified), <i>tiffcp</i> attempts to set the
rows/strip that no more than 8 kilobytes of data appear in a
strip. If you specify special value <b>-1</b> it will
results in infinite number of the rows per strip. The entire
image will be the one strip in that case.</p>
</td>
<td width="0%">
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="10%"></td>
<td width="3%">

<p><b>&minus;s</b></p>
</td>
<td width="5%"></td>
<td width="80%">

<p>Force the output file to be written with data organized
in strips (rather than tiles).</p>
</td>
<td width="0%">
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="10%"></td>
<td width="3%">

<p><b>&minus;t</b></p>
</td>
<td width="5%"></td>
<td width="80%">

<p>Force the output file to be written with data organized
in tiles (rather than strips). options can be used to force
the resultant image to be written as strips or tiles of
data, respectively.</p>
</td>
<td width="0%">
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="10%"></td>
<td width="3%">

<p><b>&minus;w</b></p>
</td>
<td width="5%"></td>
<td width="80%">

<p>Specify the width of a tile (in pixels). <i>tiffcp</i>
attempts to set the tile dimensions so that no more than 8
kilobytes of data appear in a tile. <i>tiffcp</i> attempts
to set the tile dimensions so that no more than 8 kilobytes
of data appear in a tile.</p>
</td>
<td width="0%">
</td>
</table>
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<p><b>&minus;,={character}</b></p></td>
</table>
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<td width="80%">
<p>substitute {character} for &rsquo;,&rsquo; in parsing
image directory indices in files. This is necessary if
filenames contain commas. Note that &rsquo;,=&rsquo; with
whitespace immediately following will disable the special
meaning of the &rsquo;,&rsquo; entirely. See examples.</p>
</td>
</table>
<a name="EXAMPLES"></a>
<h2>EXAMPLES</h2>
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<p>The following concatenates two files and writes the
result using <small>LZW</small> encoding:</p></td>
</table>
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<td width="82%">
<pre>tiffcp -c lzw a.tif b.tif result.tif
</pre>
</td>
</table>
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       cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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<td width="8%"></td>
<td width="91%">
<p>To convert a G3 1d-encoded <small>TIFF</small> to a
single strip of G4-encoded data the following might be
used:</p></td>
</table>
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<td width="17%"></td>
<td width="82%">
<pre>tiffcp -c g4 -r 10000 g3.tif g4.tif
</pre>
</td>
</table>
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<td width="8%"></td>
<td width="91%">
<p>(1000 is just a number that is larger than the number of
rows in the source file.)</p>
<!-- INDENTATION -->
<p>To extract a selected set of images from a multi-image
TIFF file, the file name may be immediately followed by a
&rsquo;,&rsquo; separated list of image directory indices.
The first image is always in directory 0. Thus, to copy the
1st and 3rd images of image file &quot;album.tif&quot; to
&quot;result.tif&quot;:</p></td>
</table>
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<td width="17%"></td>
<td width="82%">
<pre>tiffcp album.tif,0,2 result.tif
</pre>
</td>
</table>
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<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
       cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="8%"></td>
<td width="91%">
<p>Given file &quot;CCD.tif&quot; whose first image is a
noise bias followed by images which include that bias,
subtract the noise from all those images following it (while
decompressing) with the command:</p></td>
</table>
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       cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="17%"></td>
<td width="82%">
<pre>tiffcp -c none -b CCD.tif CCD.tif,1, result.tif
</pre>
</td>
</table>
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       cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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<td width="8%"></td>
<td width="91%">
<p>If the file above were named &quot;CCD,X.tif&quot;, the
&quot;-,=&quot; option would be required to correctly parse
this filename with image numbers, as follows:</p></td>
</table>
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<td width="82%">
<pre>tiffcp -c none -,=% -b CCD,X.tif CCD,X%1%.tif result.tif

</pre>
</td>
</table>
<a name="SEE ALSO"></a>
<h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
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<p><b>pal2rgb</b>(1), <b>tiffinfo</b>(1), <b>tiffcmp</b>(1),
<b>tiffmedian</b>(1), <b>tiffsplit</b>(1),
<b>libtiff</b>(3TIFF)</p>
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<p>Libtiff library home page:
<b>http://www.remotesensing.org/libtiff/</b></p>
</td>
</table>
<hr>
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Commit	Line	Data
	1	<!-- Creator : groff version 1.18.1 -->
	2	<!-- CreationDate: Mon Mar 13 18:03:13 2006 -->
	3	<html>
	4	<head>
	5	<meta name="generator" content="groff -Thtml, see www.gnu.org">
	6	<meta name="Content-Style" content="text/css">
	7	<title>TIFFCP</title>
	8	</head>
	9	<body>
	10
	11	<h1 align=center>TIFFCP</h1>
	12	<a href="#NAME">NAME</a><br>
	13	<a href="#SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a><br>
	14	<a href="#DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a><br>
	15	<a href="#OPTIONS">OPTIONS</a><br>
	16	<a href="#EXAMPLES">EXAMPLES</a><br>
	17	<a href="#SEE ALSO">SEE ALSO</a><br>
	18
	19	<hr>
	20	<a name="NAME"></a>
	21	<h2>NAME</h2>
	22	<!-- INDENTATION -->
	23	<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
	24	cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
	25	<tr valign="top" align="left">
	26	<td width="8%"></td>
	27	<td width="91%">
	28	<p>tiffcp − copy (and possibly convert) a
	29	<small>TIFF</small> file</p>
	30	</td>
	31	</table>
	32	<a name="SYNOPSIS"></a>
	33	<h2>SYNOPSIS</h2>
	34	<!-- INDENTATION -->
	35	<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
	36	cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
	37	<tr valign="top" align="left">
	38	<td width="8%"></td>
	39	<td width="91%">
	40	<p><b>tiffcp</b> [ <i>options</i> ] <i>src1.tif ... srcN.tif
	41	dst.tif</i></p>
	42	</td>
	43	</table>
	44	<a name="DESCRIPTION"></a>
	45	<h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
	46	<!-- INDENTATION -->
	47	<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
	48	cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
	49	<tr valign="top" align="left">
	50	<td width="8%"></td>
	51	<td width="91%">
	52	<p><i>tiffcp</i> combines one or more files created
	53	according to the Tag Image File Format, Revision 6.0 into a
	54	single <small>TIFF</small> file. Because the output file may
	55	be compressed using a different algorithm than the input
	56	files, <i>tiffcp</i> is most often used to convert between
	57	different compression schemes.</p>
	58	<!-- INDENTATION -->
	59	<p>By default, <i>tiffcp</i> will copy all the understood
	60	tags in a <small>TIFF</small> directory of an input file to
	61	the associated directory in the output file.</p>
	62	<!-- INDENTATION -->
	63	<p><i>tiffcp</i> can be used to reorganize the storage
	64	characteristics of data in a file, but it is explicitly
	65	intended to not alter or convert the image data content in
	66	any way.</p>
	67	</td>
	68	</table>
	69	<a name="OPTIONS"></a>
	70	<h2>OPTIONS</h2>
	71	<!-- INDENTATION -->
	72	<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
	73	cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
	74	<tr valign="top" align="left">
	75	<td width="8%"></td>
	76	<td width="91%">
	77	<p><b>−b image</b></p></td>
	78	</table>
	79	<!-- INDENTATION -->
	80	<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
	81	cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
	82	<tr valign="top" align="left">
	83	<td width="19%"></td>
	84	<td width="80%">
	85	<p>subtract the following monochrome image from all others
	86	processed. This can be used to remove a noise bias from a
	87	set of images. This bias image is typically an image of
	88	noise the camera saw with its shutter closed.</p>
	89	</td>
	90	</table>
	91	<!-- TABS -->
	92	<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
	93	cols="5" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
	94	<tr valign="top" align="left">
	95	<td width="10%"></td>
	96	<td width="3%">
	97
	98	<p><b>−B</b></p>
	99	</td>
	100	<td width="5%"></td>
	101	<td width="80%">
	102
	103	<p>Force output to be written with Big-Endian byte order.
	104	This option only has an effect when the output file is
	105	created or overwritten and not when it is appended to.</p>
	106	</td>
	107	<td width="0%">
	108	</td>
	109	<tr valign="top" align="left">
	110	<td width="10%"></td>
	111	<td width="3%">
	112
	113	<p><b>−C</b></p>
	114	</td>
	115	<td width="5%"></td>
	116	<td width="80%">
	117
	118	<p>Suppress the use of ‘‘strip
	119	chopping’’ when reading images that have a
	120	single strip/tile of uncompressed data.</p>
	121	</td>
	122	<td width="0%">
	123	</td>
	124	<tr valign="top" align="left">
	125	<td width="10%"></td>
	126	<td width="3%">
	127
	128	<p><b>−c</b></p>
	129	</td>
	130	<td width="5%"></td>
	131	<td width="80%">
	132
	133	<p>Specify the compression to use for data written to the
	134	output file: <b>none</b> for no compression, <b>packbits</b>
	135	for PackBits compression, <b>lzw</b> for Lempel-Ziv &
	136	Welch compression, <b>jpeg</b> for baseline JPEG
	137	compression, <b>zip</b> for Deflate compression, <b>g3</b>
	138	for CCITT Group 3 (T.4) compression, and <b>g4</b> for CCITT
	139	Group 4 (T.6) compression. By default <i>tiffcp</i> will
	140	compress data according to the value of the
	141	<i>Compression</i> tag found in the source file.</p>
	142	</td>
	143	<td width="0%">
	144	</td>
	145	</table>
	146	<!-- INDENTATION -->
	147	<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
	148	cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
	149	<tr valign="top" align="left">
	150	<td width="17%"></td>
	151	<td width="82%">
	152	<p>The <small>CCITT</small> Group 3 and Group 4 compression
	153	algorithms can only be used with bilevel data.</p>
	154	<!-- INDENTATION -->
	155	<p>Group 3 compression can be specified together with
	156	several T.4-specific options: <b>1d</b> for 1-dimensional
	157	encoding, <b>2d</b> for 2-dimensional encoding, and
	158	<b>fill</b> to force each encoded scanline to be zero-filled
	159	so that the terminating EOL code lies on a byte boundary.
	160	Group 3-specific options are specified by appending a
	161	‘‘:’’-separated list to the
	162	‘‘g3’’ option; e.g. <b>−c
	163	g3:2d:fill</b> to get 2D-encoded data with byte-aligned EOL
	164	codes.</p>
	165	<!-- INDENTATION -->
	166	<p><small>LZW</small> compression can be specified together
	167	with a <i>predictor</i> value. A predictor value of 2 causes
	168	each scanline of the output image to undergo horizontal
	169	differencing before it is encoded; a value of 1 forces each
	170	scanline to be encoded without differencing. LZW-specific
	171	options are specified by appending a
	172	‘‘:’’-separated list to the
	173	‘‘lzw’’ option; e.g. <b>−c
	174	lzw:2</b> for <small>LZW</small> compression with horizontal
	175	differencing.</p>
	176	</td>
	177	</table>
	178	<!-- TABS -->
	179	<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
	180	cols="5" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
	181	<tr valign="top" align="left">
	182	<td width="10%"></td>
	183	<td width="3%">
	184
	185	<p><b>−f</b></p>
	186	</td>
	187	<td width="5%"></td>
	188	<td width="80%">
	189
	190	<p>Specify the bit fill order to use in writing output
	191	data. By default, <i>tiffcp</i> will create a new file with
	192	the same fill order as the original. Specifying <b>−f
	193	lsb2msb</b> will force data to be written with the FillOrder
	194	tag set to <small>LSB2MSB,</small> while <b>−f
	195	msb2lsb</b> will force data to be written with the FillOrder
	196	tag set to <small>MSB2LSB.</small></p>
	197	</td>
	198	<td width="0%">
	199	</td>
	200	<tr valign="top" align="left">
	201	<td width="10%"></td>
	202	<td width="3%">
	203
	204	<p><b>−l</b></p>
	205	</td>
	206	<td width="5%"></td>
	207	<td width="80%">
	208
	209	<p>Specify the length of a tile (in pixels). <i>tiffcp</i>
	210	attempts to set the tile dimensions so that no more than 8
	211	kilobytes of data appear in a tile.</p>
	212	</td>
	213	<td width="0%">
	214	</td>
	215	<tr valign="top" align="left">
	216	<td width="10%"></td>
	217	<td width="3%">
	218
	219	<p><b>−L</b></p>
	220	</td>
	221	<td width="5%"></td>
	222	<td width="80%">
	223
	224	<p>Force output to be written with Little-Endian byte
	225	order. This option only has an effect when the output file
	226	is created or overwritten and not when it is appended
	227	to.</p>
	228	</td>
	229	<td width="0%">
	230	</td>
	231	<tr valign="top" align="left">
	232	<td width="10%"></td>
	233	<td width="3%">
	234
	235	<p><b>−M</b></p>
	236	</td>
	237	<td width="5%"></td>
	238	<td width="80%">
	239
	240	<p>Suppress the use of memory-mapped files when reading
	241	images.</p>
	242	</td>
	243	<td width="0%">
	244	</td>
	245	<tr valign="top" align="left">
	246	<td width="10%"></td>
	247	<td width="3%">
	248
	249	<p><b>−p</b></p>
	250	</td>
	251	<td width="5%"></td>
	252	<td width="80%">
	253
	254	<p>Specify the planar configuration to use in writing image
	255	data that has one 8-bit sample per pixel. By default,
	256	<i>tiffcp</i> will create a new file with the same planar
	257	configuration as the original. Specifying <b>−p
	258	contig</b> will force data to be written with multi-sample
	259	data packed together, while <b>−p separate</b> will
	260	force samples to be written in separate planes.</p>
	261	</td>
	262	<td width="0%">
	263	</td>
	264	<tr valign="top" align="left">
	265	<td width="10%"></td>
	266	<td width="3%">
	267
	268	<p><b>−r</b></p>
	269	</td>
	270	<td width="5%"></td>
	271	<td width="80%">
	272
	273	<p>Specify the number of rows (scanlines) in each strip of
	274	data written to the output file. By default (or when value
	275	<b>0</b> is specified), <i>tiffcp</i> attempts to set the
	276	rows/strip that no more than 8 kilobytes of data appear in a
	277	strip. If you specify special value <b>-1</b> it will
	278	results in infinite number of the rows per strip. The entire
	279	image will be the one strip in that case.</p>
	280	</td>
	281	<td width="0%">
	282	</td>
	283	<tr valign="top" align="left">
	284	<td width="10%"></td>
	285	<td width="3%">
	286
	287	<p><b>−s</b></p>
	288	</td>
	289	<td width="5%"></td>
	290	<td width="80%">
	291
	292	<p>Force the output file to be written with data organized
	293	in strips (rather than tiles).</p>
	294	</td>
	295	<td width="0%">
	296	</td>
	297	<tr valign="top" align="left">
	298	<td width="10%"></td>
	299	<td width="3%">
	300
	301	<p><b>−t</b></p>
	302	</td>
	303	<td width="5%"></td>
	304	<td width="80%">
	305
	306	<p>Force the output file to be written with data organized
	307	in tiles (rather than strips). options can be used to force
	308	the resultant image to be written as strips or tiles of
	309	data, respectively.</p>
	310	</td>
	311	<td width="0%">
	312	</td>
	313	<tr valign="top" align="left">
	314	<td width="10%"></td>
	315	<td width="3%">
	316
	317	<p><b>−w</b></p>
	318	</td>
	319	<td width="5%"></td>
	320	<td width="80%">
	321
	322	<p>Specify the width of a tile (in pixels). <i>tiffcp</i>
	323	attempts to set the tile dimensions so that no more than 8
	324	kilobytes of data appear in a tile. <i>tiffcp</i> attempts
	325	to set the tile dimensions so that no more than 8 kilobytes
	326	of data appear in a tile.</p>
	327	</td>
	328	<td width="0%">
	329	</td>
	330	</table>
	331	<!-- INDENTATION -->
	332	<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
	333	cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
	334	<tr valign="top" align="left">
	335	<td width="8%"></td>
	336	<td width="91%">
	337	<p><b>−,={character}</b></p></td>
	338	</table>
	339	<!-- INDENTATION -->
	340	<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
	341	cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
	342	<tr valign="top" align="left">
	343	<td width="19%"></td>
	344	<td width="80%">
	345	<p>substitute {character} for ’,’ in parsing
	346	image directory indices in files. This is necessary if
	347	filenames contain commas. Note that ’,=’ with
	348	whitespace immediately following will disable the special
	349	meaning of the ’,’ entirely. See examples.</p>
	350	</td>
	351	</table>
	352	<a name="EXAMPLES"></a>
	353	<h2>EXAMPLES</h2>
	354	<!-- INDENTATION -->
	355	<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
	356	cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
	357	<tr valign="top" align="left">
	358	<td width="8%"></td>
	359	<td width="91%">
	360	<p>The following concatenates two files and writes the
	361	result using <small>LZW</small> encoding:</p></td>
	362	</table>
	363	<!-- INDENTATION -->
	364	<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
	365	cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
	366	<tr valign="top" align="left">
	367	<td width="17%"></td>
	368	<td width="82%">
	369	<pre>tiffcp -c lzw a.tif b.tif result.tif
	370	</pre>
	371	</td>
	372	</table>
	373	<!-- INDENTATION -->
	374
	375	<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
	376	cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
	377	<tr valign="top" align="left">
	378	<td width="8%"></td>
	379	<td width="91%">
	380	<p>To convert a G3 1d-encoded <small>TIFF</small> to a
	381	single strip of G4-encoded data the following might be
	382	used:</p></td>
	383	</table>
	384	<!-- INDENTATION -->
	385	<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
	386	cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
	387	<tr valign="top" align="left">
	388	<td width="17%"></td>
	389	<td width="82%">
	390	<pre>tiffcp -c g4 -r 10000 g3.tif g4.tif
	391	</pre>
	392	</td>
	393	</table>
	394	<!-- INDENTATION -->
	395
	396	<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
	397	cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
	398	<tr valign="top" align="left">
	399	<td width="8%"></td>
	400	<td width="91%">
	401	<p>(1000 is just a number that is larger than the number of
	402	rows in the source file.)</p>
	403	<!-- INDENTATION -->
	404	<p>To extract a selected set of images from a multi-image
	405	TIFF file, the file name may be immediately followed by a
	406	’,’ separated list of image directory indices.
	407	The first image is always in directory 0. Thus, to copy the
	408	1st and 3rd images of image file "album.tif" to
	409	"result.tif":</p></td>
	410	</table>
	411	<!-- INDENTATION -->
	412	<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
	413	cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
	414	<tr valign="top" align="left">
	415	<td width="17%"></td>
	416	<td width="82%">
	417	<pre>tiffcp album.tif,0,2 result.tif
	418	</pre>
	419	</td>
	420	</table>
	421	<!-- INDENTATION -->
	422
	423	<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
	424	cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
	425	<tr valign="top" align="left">
	426	<td width="8%"></td>
	427	<td width="91%">
	428	<p>Given file "CCD.tif" whose first image is a
	429	noise bias followed by images which include that bias,
	430	subtract the noise from all those images following it (while
	431	decompressing) with the command:</p></td>
	432	</table>
	433	<!-- INDENTATION -->
	434	<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
	435	cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
	436	<tr valign="top" align="left">
	437	<td width="17%"></td>
	438	<td width="82%">
	439	<pre>tiffcp -c none -b CCD.tif CCD.tif,1, result.tif
	440	</pre>
	441	</td>
	442	</table>
	443	<!-- INDENTATION -->
	444
	445	<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
	446	cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
	447	<tr valign="top" align="left">
	448	<td width="8%"></td>
	449	<td width="91%">
	450	<p>If the file above were named "CCD,X.tif", the
	451	"-,=" option would be required to correctly parse
	452	this filename with image numbers, as follows:</p></td>
	453	</table>
	454	<!-- INDENTATION -->
	455	<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
	456	cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
	457	<tr valign="top" align="left">
	458	<td width="17%"></td>
	459	<td width="82%">
	460	<pre>tiffcp -c none -,=% -b CCD,X.tif CCD,X%1%.tif result.tif
	461
	462	</pre>
	463	</td>
	464	</table>
	465	<a name="SEE ALSO"></a>
	466	<h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
	467	<!-- INDENTATION -->
	468
	469	<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
	470	cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
	471	<tr valign="top" align="left">
	472	<td width="8%"></td>
	473	<td width="91%">
	474	<p><b>pal2rgb</b>(1), <b>tiffinfo</b>(1), <b>tiffcmp</b>(1),
	475	<b>tiffmedian</b>(1), <b>tiffsplit</b>(1),
	476	<b>libtiff</b>(3TIFF)</p>
	477	<!-- INDENTATION -->
	478	<p>Libtiff library home page:
	479	<b>http://www.remotesensing.org/libtiff/</b></p>
	480	</td>
	481	</table>
	482	<hr>
	483	</body>
	484	</html>