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1 | \section{Event handling overview}\label{eventhandlingoverview} | |
2 | ||
3 | Classes: \helpref{wxEvtHandler}{wxevthandler}, \helpref{wxWindow}{wxwindow}, \helpref{wxEvent}{wxevent} | |
4 | ||
5 | \subsection{Introduction}\label{eventintroduction} | |
6 | ||
7 | Before version 2.0 of wxWidgets, events were handled by the application | |
8 | either by supplying callback functions, or by overriding virtual member | |
9 | functions such as {\bf OnSize}. | |
10 | ||
11 | From wxWidgets 2.0, {\it event tables} are used instead, with a few exceptions. | |
12 | ||
13 | An event table is placed in an implementation file to tell wxWidgets how to map | |
14 | events to member functions. These member functions are not virtual functions, but | |
15 | they are all similar in form: they take a single wxEvent-derived argument, and have a void return | |
16 | type. | |
17 | ||
18 | Here's an example of an event table. | |
19 | ||
20 | \begin{verbatim} | |
21 | BEGIN_EVENT_TABLE(MyFrame, wxFrame) | |
22 | EVT_MENU (wxID_EXIT, MyFrame::OnExit) | |
23 | EVT_MENU (DO_TEST, MyFrame::DoTest) | |
24 | EVT_SIZE ( MyFrame::OnSize) | |
25 | EVT_BUTTON (BUTTON1, MyFrame::OnButton1) | |
26 | END_EVENT_TABLE() | |
27 | \end{verbatim} | |
28 | ||
29 | The first two entries map menu commands to two different member functions. The | |
30 | EVT\_SIZE macro doesn't need a window identifier, since normally you are only | |
31 | interested in the current window's size events. | |
32 | ||
33 | The EVT\_BUTTON macro demonstrates that the originating event does not have to | |
34 | come from the window class implementing the event table -- if the event source | |
35 | is a button within a panel within a frame, this will still work, because event | |
36 | tables are searched up through the hierarchy of windows for the command events. | |
37 | In this case, the button's event table will be searched, then the parent | |
38 | panel's, then the frame's. | |
39 | ||
40 | As mentioned before, the member functions that handle events do not have to be | |
41 | virtual. Indeed, the member functions should not be virtual as the event | |
42 | handler ignores that the functions are virtual, i.e. overriding a virtual | |
43 | member function in a derived class will not have any effect. These member | |
44 | functions take an event argument, and the class of event differs according to | |
45 | the type of event and the class of the originating window. For size events, | |
46 | \helpref{wxSizeEvent}{wxsizeevent} is used. For menu commands and most | |
47 | control commands (such as button presses), | |
48 | \helpref{wxCommandEvent}{wxcommandevent} is used. When controls get more | |
49 | complicated, then specific event classes are used, such as | |
50 | \helpref{wxTreeEvent}{wxtreeevent} for events from | |
51 | \helpref{wxTreeCtrl}{wxtreectrl} windows. | |
52 | ||
53 | As well as the event table in the implementation file, there must also be a | |
54 | DECLARE\_EVENT\_TABLE macro somewhere in the class declaration. For example: | |
55 | ||
56 | {\small% | |
57 | \begin{verbatim} | |
58 | class MyFrame : public wxFrame | |
59 | { | |
60 | public: | |
61 | ... | |
62 | void OnExit(wxCommandEvent& event); | |
63 | void OnSize(wxSizeEvent& event); | |
64 | ||
65 | protected: | |
66 | int m_count; | |
67 | ... | |
68 | ||
69 | DECLARE_EVENT_TABLE() | |
70 | }; | |
71 | \end{verbatim} | |
72 | }% | |
73 | ||
74 | Note that this macro may occur in any section of the class (public, protected | |
75 | or private) but that it is probably better to insert it at the end, as shown, | |
76 | because this macro implicitly changes the access to protected which may be | |
77 | quite unexpected if there is anything following it. | |
78 | ||
79 | Finally, if you don't like using macros for static initialization of the event | |
80 | tables you may also use \helpref{wxEvtHandler::Connect}{wxevthandlerconnect} to | |
81 | connect the events to the handlers dynamically, during run-time. See the | |
82 | \helpref{event sample}{sampleevent} for an example of doing it. | |
83 | ||
84 | ||
85 | \subsection{How events are processed}\label{eventprocessing} | |
86 | ||
87 | When an event is received from the windowing system, wxWidgets calls | |
88 | \helpref{wxEvtHandler::ProcessEvent}{wxevthandlerprocessevent} on the first | |
89 | event handler object belonging to the window generating the event. | |
90 | ||
91 | It may be noted that wxWidgets' event processing system implements something | |
92 | very close to virtual methods in normal C++, i.e. it is possible to alter | |
93 | the behaviour of a class by overriding its event handling functions. In | |
94 | many cases this works even for changing the behaviour of native controls. | |
95 | For example it is possible to filter out a number of key events sent by the | |
96 | system to a native text control by overriding wxTextCtrl and defining a | |
97 | handler for key events using EVT\_KEY\_DOWN. This would indeed prevent | |
98 | any key events from being sent to the native control - which might not be | |
99 | what is desired. In this case the event handler function has to call Skip() | |
100 | so as to indicate that the search for the event handler should continue. | |
101 | ||
102 | To summarize, instead of explicitly calling the base class version as you | |
103 | would have done with C++ virtual functions (i.e. {\it wxTextCtrl::OnChar()}), | |
104 | you should instead call \helpref{Skip}{wxeventskip}. | |
105 | ||
106 | In practice, this would look like this if the derived text control only | |
107 | accepts 'a' to 'z' and 'A' to 'Z': | |
108 | ||
109 | {\small% | |
110 | \begin{verbatim} | |
111 | void MyTextCtrl::OnChar(wxKeyEvent& event) | |
112 | { | |
113 | if ( isalpha( event.KeyCode() ) ) | |
114 | { | |
115 | // key code is within legal range. we call event.Skip() so the | |
116 | // event can be processed either in the base wxWidgets class | |
117 | // or the native control. | |
118 | ||
119 | event.Skip(); | |
120 | } | |
121 | else | |
122 | { | |
123 | // illegal key hit. we don't call event.Skip() so the | |
124 | // event is not processed anywhere else. | |
125 | ||
126 | wxBell(); | |
127 | } | |
128 | } | |
129 | \end{verbatim} | |
130 | }% | |
131 | ||
132 | ||
133 | The normal order of event table searching by ProcessEvent is as follows: | |
134 | ||
135 | \begin{enumerate}\itemsep=0pt | |
136 | \item If the object is disabled (via a call to \helpref{wxEvtHandler::SetEvtHandlerEnabled}{wxevthandlersetevthandlerenabled}) | |
137 | the function skips to step (6). | |
138 | \item If the object is a wxWindow, {\bf ProcessEvent} is recursively called on the window's\rtfsp | |
139 | \helpref{wxValidator}{wxvalidator}. If this returns true, the function exits. | |
140 | \item {\bf SearchEventTable} is called for this event handler. If this fails, the base | |
141 | class table is tried, and so on until no more tables exist or an appropriate function was found, | |
142 | in which case the function exits. | |
143 | \item The search is applied down the entire chain of event handlers (usually the chain has a length | |
144 | of one). If this succeeds, the function exits. | |
145 | \item If the object is a wxWindow and the event is set to set to propagate (in the library only | |
146 | wxCommandEvent based events are set to propagate), {\bf ProcessEvent} is recursively applied | |
147 | to the parent window's event handler. If this returns true, the function exits. | |
148 | \item Finally, {\bf ProcessEvent} is called on the wxApp object. | |
149 | \end{enumerate} | |
150 | ||
151 | {\bf Pay close attention to Step 5.} People often overlook or get | |
152 | confused by this powerful feature of the wxWidgets event processing | |
153 | system. To put it a different way, events set to propagate | |
154 | (\helpref{See: wxEvent::ShouldPropagate}{wxeventshouldpropagate}) | |
155 | (most likely derived either directly or indirectly from wxCommandEvent) | |
156 | will travel up the containment hierarchy from child to parent until the | |
157 | maximal propagation level is reached or an event handler is found that | |
158 | doesn't call \helpref{event.Skip()}{wxeventskip}. | |
159 | ||
160 | Finally, there is another additional complication (which, in fact, simplifies | |
161 | life of wxWidgets programmers significantly): when propagating the command | |
162 | events upwards to the parent window, the event propagation stops when it | |
163 | reaches the parent dialog, if any. This means that you don't risk to get | |
164 | unexpected events from the dialog controls (which might be left unprocessed by | |
165 | the dialog itself because it doesn't care about them) when a modal dialog is | |
166 | popped up. The events do propagate beyond the frames, however. The rationale | |
167 | for this choice is that there are only a few frames in a typical application | |
168 | and their parent-child relation are well understood by the programmer while it | |
169 | may be very difficult, if not impossible, to track down all the dialogs which | |
170 | may be popped up in a complex program (remember that some are created | |
171 | automatically by wxWidgets). If you need to specify a different behaviour for | |
172 | some reason, you can use | |
173 | \helpref{SetExtraStyle(wxWS\_EX\_BLOCK\_EVENTS)}{wxwindowsetextrastyle} | |
174 | explicitly to prevent the events from being propagated beyond the given window | |
175 | or unset this flag for the dialogs which have it on by default. | |
176 | ||
177 | Typically events that deal with a window as a window (size, motion, | |
178 | paint, mouse, keyboard, etc.) are sent only to the window. Events | |
179 | that have a higher level of meaning and/or are generated by the window | |
180 | itself, (button click, menu select, tree expand, etc.) are command | |
181 | events and are sent up to the parent to see if it is interested in the | |
182 | event. | |
183 | ||
184 | Note that your application may wish to override ProcessEvent to redirect processing of | |
185 | events. This is done in the document/view framework, for example, to allow event handlers | |
186 | to be defined in the document or view. To test for command events (which will probably | |
187 | be the only events you wish to redirect), you may use | |
188 | \helpref{wxEvent::IsCommandEvent}{wxeventiscommandevent} for efficiency, | |
189 | instead of using the slower run-time type system. | |
190 | ||
191 | As mentioned above, only command events are recursively applied to the parents event | |
192 | handler in the library itself. As this quite often causes confusion for users, | |
193 | here is a list of system events which will NOT get sent to the parent's event handler: | |
194 | ||
195 | \begin{twocollist}\itemsep=0pt | |
196 | \twocolitem{\helpref{wxEvent}{wxevent}}{The event base class} | |
197 | \twocolitem{\helpref{wxActivateEvent}{wxactivateevent}}{A window or application activation event} | |
198 | \twocolitem{\helpref{wxCloseEvent}{wxcloseevent}}{A close window or end session event} | |
199 | \twocolitem{\helpref{wxEraseEvent}{wxeraseevent}}{An erase background event} | |
200 | \twocolitem{\helpref{wxFocusEvent}{wxfocusevent}}{A window focus event} | |
201 | \twocolitem{\helpref{wxKeyEvent}{wxkeyevent}}{A keypress event} | |
202 | \twocolitem{\helpref{wxIdleEvent}{wxidleevent}}{An idle event} | |
203 | \twocolitem{\helpref{wxInitDialogEvent}{wxinitdialogevent}}{A dialog initialisation event} | |
204 | \twocolitem{\helpref{wxJoystickEvent}{wxjoystickevent}}{A joystick event} | |
205 | \twocolitem{\helpref{wxMenuEvent}{wxmenuevent}}{A menu event} | |
206 | \twocolitem{\helpref{wxMouseEvent}{wxmouseevent}}{A mouse event} | |
207 | \twocolitem{\helpref{wxMoveEvent}{wxmoveevent}}{A move event} | |
208 | \twocolitem{\helpref{wxPaintEvent}{wxpaintevent}}{A paint event} | |
209 | \twocolitem{\helpref{wxQueryLayoutInfoEvent}{wxquerylayoutinfoevent}}{Used to query layout information} | |
210 | \twocolitem{\helpref{wxSetCursorEvent}{wxsetcursorevent}}{Used for special cursor processing based on current mouse position} | |
211 | \twocolitem{\helpref{wxSizeEvent}{wxsizeevent}}{A size event} | |
212 | \twocolitem{\helpref{wxScrollWinEvent}{wxscrollwinevent}}{A scroll event sent by a scrolled window (not a scroll bar)} | |
213 | \twocolitem{\helpref{wxSysColourChangedEvent}{wxsyscolourchangedevent}}{A system colour change event} | |
214 | \end{twocollist} | |
215 | ||
216 | In some cases, it might be desired by the programmer to get a certain number | |
217 | of system events in a parent window, for example all key events sent to, but not | |
218 | used by, the native controls in a dialog. In this case, a special event handler | |
219 | will have to be written that will override ProcessEvent() in order to pass | |
220 | all events (or any selection of them) to the parent window. | |
221 | ||
222 | % VZ: it doesn't work like this, but just in case we ever reenable this | |
223 | % behaviour, I leave it here | |
224 | % | |
225 | % \subsection{Redirection of command events to the window with the focus} | |
226 | % | |
227 | % The usual upward search through the window hierarchy for command event | |
228 | % handlers does not always meet an application's requirements. Say you have two | |
229 | % wxTextCtrl windows in a frame, plus a toolbar with Cut, Copy and Paste | |
230 | % buttons. To avoid the need to define event handlers in the frame | |
231 | % and redirect them explicitly to the window with the focus, command events | |
232 | % are sent to the window with the focus first, for | |
233 | % menu and toolbar command and UI update events only. This means that | |
234 | % each window can handle its own commands and UI updates independently. In | |
235 | % fact wxTextCtrl can handle Cut, Copy, Paste, Undo and Redo commands and UI update | |
236 | % requests, so no extra coding is required to support them in your menus and | |
237 | % toolbars. | |
238 | ||
239 | \subsection{Pluggable event handlers}\label{pluggablehandlers} | |
240 | ||
241 | In fact, you don't have to derive a new class from a window class | |
242 | if you don't want to. You can derive a new class from wxEvtHandler instead, | |
243 | defining the appropriate event table, and then call | |
244 | \rtfsp\helpref{wxWindow::SetEventHandler}{wxwindowseteventhandler} (or, preferably, | |
245 | \rtfsp\helpref{wxWindow::PushEventHandler}{wxwindowpusheventhandler}) to make this | |
246 | event handler the object that responds to events. This way, you can avoid | |
247 | a lot of class derivation, and use the same event handler object to | |
248 | handle events from instances of different classes. If you ever have to call a window's event handler | |
249 | manually, use the GetEventHandler function to retrieve the window's event handler and use that | |
250 | to call the member function. By default, GetEventHandler returns a pointer to the window itself | |
251 | unless an application has redirected event handling using SetEventHandler or PushEventHandler. | |
252 | ||
253 | One use of PushEventHandler is to temporarily or permanently change the | |
254 | behaviour of the GUI. For example, you might want to invoke a dialog editor | |
255 | in your application that changes aspects of dialog boxes. You can | |
256 | grab all the input for an existing dialog box, and edit it `in situ', | |
257 | before restoring its behaviour to normal. So even if the application | |
258 | has derived new classes to customize behaviour, your utility can indulge | |
259 | in a spot of body-snatching. It could be a useful technique for on-line | |
260 | tutorials, too, where you take a user through a serious of steps and | |
261 | don't want them to diverge from the lesson. Here, you can examine the events | |
262 | coming from buttons and windows, and if acceptable, pass them through to | |
263 | the original event handler. Use PushEventHandler/PopEventHandler | |
264 | to form a chain of event handlers, where each handler processes a different | |
265 | range of events independently from the other handlers. | |
266 | ||
267 | \subsection{Window identifiers}\label{windowids} | |
268 | ||
269 | \index{identifiers}\index{wxID}Window identifiers are integers, and are used to | |
270 | uniquely determine window identity in the event system (though you can use it | |
271 | for other purposes). In fact, identifiers do not need to be unique | |
272 | across your entire application just so long as they are unique within a | |
273 | particular context you're interested in, such as a frame and its children. You | |
274 | may use the {\tt wxID\_OK} identifier, for example, on any number of dialogs so | |
275 | long as you don't have several within the same dialog. | |
276 | ||
277 | If you pass {\tt wxID\_ANY} to a window constructor, an identifier will be | |
278 | generated for you automatically by wxWidgets. This is useful when you don't | |
279 | care about the exact identifier either because you're not going to process the | |
280 | events from the control being created at all or because you process the events | |
281 | from all controls in one place (in which case you should specify {\tt wxID\_ANY} | |
282 | in the event table or \helpref{wxEvtHandler::Connect}{wxevthandlerconnect} call | |
283 | as well. The automatically generated identifiers are always negative and so | |
284 | will never conflict with the user-specified identifiers which must be always | |
285 | positive. | |
286 | ||
287 | The following standard identifiers are supplied. You can use wxID\_HIGHEST to | |
288 | determine the number above which it is safe to define your own identifiers. Or, | |
289 | you can use identifiers below wxID\_LOWEST. | |
290 | ||
291 | \begin{verbatim} | |
292 | #define wxID_ANY -1 | |
293 | ||
294 | #define wxID_LOWEST 4999 | |
295 | ||
296 | #define wxID_OPEN 5000 | |
297 | #define wxID_CLOSE 5001 | |
298 | #define wxID_NEW 5002 | |
299 | #define wxID_SAVE 5003 | |
300 | #define wxID_SAVEAS 5004 | |
301 | #define wxID_REVERT 5005 | |
302 | #define wxID_EXIT 5006 | |
303 | #define wxID_UNDO 5007 | |
304 | #define wxID_REDO 5008 | |
305 | #define wxID_HELP 5009 | |
306 | #define wxID_PRINT 5010 | |
307 | #define wxID_PRINT_SETUP 5011 | |
308 | #define wxID_PREVIEW 5012 | |
309 | #define wxID_ABOUT 5013 | |
310 | #define wxID_HELP_CONTENTS 5014 | |
311 | #define wxID_HELP_COMMANDS 5015 | |
312 | #define wxID_HELP_PROCEDURES 5016 | |
313 | #define wxID_HELP_CONTEXT 5017 | |
314 | ||
315 | #define wxID_CUT 5030 | |
316 | #define wxID_COPY 5031 | |
317 | #define wxID_PASTE 5032 | |
318 | #define wxID_CLEAR 5033 | |
319 | #define wxID_FIND 5034 | |
320 | #define wxID_DUPLICATE 5035 | |
321 | #define wxID_SELECTALL 5036 | |
322 | #define wxID_DELETE 5037 | |
323 | #define wxID_REPLACE 5038 | |
324 | #define wxID_REPLACE_ALL 5039 | |
325 | #define wxID_PROPERTIES 5040 | |
326 | ||
327 | #define wxID_VIEW_DETAILS 5041 | |
328 | #define wxID_VIEW_LARGEICONS 5042 | |
329 | #define wxID_VIEW_SMALLICONS 5043 | |
330 | #define wxID_VIEW_LIST 5044 | |
331 | #define wxID_VIEW_SORTDATE 5045 | |
332 | #define wxID_VIEW_SORTNAME 5046 | |
333 | #define wxID_VIEW_SORTSIZE 5047 | |
334 | #define wxID_VIEW_SORTTYPE 5048 | |
335 | ||
336 | #define wxID_FILE1 5050 | |
337 | #define wxID_FILE2 5051 | |
338 | #define wxID_FILE3 5052 | |
339 | #define wxID_FILE4 5053 | |
340 | #define wxID_FILE5 5054 | |
341 | #define wxID_FILE6 5055 | |
342 | #define wxID_FILE7 5056 | |
343 | #define wxID_FILE8 5057 | |
344 | #define wxID_FILE9 5058 | |
345 | ||
346 | #define wxID_OK 5100 | |
347 | #define wxID_CANCEL 5101 | |
348 | #define wxID_APPLY 5102 | |
349 | #define wxID_YES 5103 | |
350 | #define wxID_NO 5104 | |
351 | #define wxID_STATIC 5105 | |
352 | ||
353 | #define wxID_HIGHEST 5999 | |
354 | \end{verbatim} | |
355 | ||
356 | \subsection{Event macros summary}\label{eventmacros} | |
357 | ||
358 | \wxheading{Macros listed by event class} | |
359 | ||
360 | The documentation for specific event macros is organised by event class. Please refer | |
361 | to these sections for details. | |
362 | ||
363 | \twocolwidtha{8cm}% | |
364 | \begin{twocollist}\itemsep=0pt | |
365 | \twocolitem{\helpref{wxActivateEvent}{wxactivateevent}}{The EVT\_ACTIVATE and EVT\_ACTIVATE\_APP macros intercept | |
366 | activation and deactivation events.} | |
367 | \twocolitem{\helpref{wxCommandEvent}{wxcommandevent}}{A range of commonly-used control events.} | |
368 | \twocolitem{\helpref{wxCloseEvent}{wxcloseevent}}{The EVT\_CLOSE macro handles window closure | |
369 | called via \helpref{wxWindow::Close}{wxwindowclose}.} | |
370 | \twocolitem{\helpref{wxDropFilesEvent}{wxdropfilesevent}}{The EVT\_DROP\_FILES macros handles | |
371 | file drop events.} | |
372 | \twocolitem{\helpref{wxEraseEvent}{wxeraseevent}}{The EVT\_ERASE\_BACKGROUND macro is used to handle window erase requests.} | |
373 | \twocolitem{\helpref{wxFocusEvent}{wxfocusevent}}{The EVT\_SET\_FOCUS and EVT\_KILL\_FOCUS macros are used to handle keyboard focus events.} | |
374 | \twocolitem{\helpref{wxKeyEvent}{wxkeyevent}}{EVT\_CHAR, EVT\_KEY\_DOWN and | |
375 | EVT\_KEY\_UP macros handle keyboard input for any window.} | |
376 | \twocolitem{\helpref{wxIdleEvent}{wxidleevent}}{The EVT\_IDLE macro handle application idle events | |
377 | (to process background tasks, for example).} | |
378 | \twocolitem{\helpref{wxInitDialogEvent}{wxinitdialogevent}}{The EVT\_INIT\_DIALOG macro is used | |
379 | to handle dialog initialisation.} | |
380 | \twocolitem{\helpref{wxListEvent}{wxlistevent}}{These macros handle \helpref{wxListCtrl}{wxlistctrl} events.} | |
381 | \twocolitem{\helpref{wxMenuEvent}{wxmenuevent}}{These macros handle special menu events (not menu commands).} | |
382 | \twocolitem{\helpref{wxMouseEvent}{wxmouseevent}}{Mouse event macros can handle either individual | |
383 | mouse events or all mouse events.} | |
384 | \twocolitem{\helpref{wxMoveEvent}{wxmoveevent}}{The EVT\_MOVE macro is used to handle a window move.} | |
385 | \twocolitem{\helpref{wxPaintEvent}{wxpaintevent}}{The EVT\_PAINT macro is used to handle window paint requests.} | |
386 | \twocolitem{\helpref{wxScrollEvent}{wxscrollevent}}{These macros are used to handle scroll events from | |
387 | \helpref{wxScrollBar}{wxscrollbar}, \helpref{wxSlider}{wxslider},and \helpref{wxSpinButton}{wxspinbutton}.} | |
388 | \twocolitem{\helpref{wxSetCursorEvent}{wxsetcursorevent}}{The EVT\_SET\_CURSOR macro is used for special cursor processing.} | |
389 | \twocolitem{\helpref{wxSizeEvent}{wxsizeevent}}{The EVT\_SIZE macro is used to handle a window resize.} | |
390 | \twocolitem{\helpref{wxSplitterEvent}{wxsplitterevent}}{The EVT\_SPLITTER\_SASH\_POS\_CHANGED, EVT\_SPLITTER\_UNSPLIT | |
391 | and EVT\_SPLITTER\_DCLICK macros are used to handle the various splitter window events.} | |
392 | \twocolitem{\helpref{wxSysColourChangedEvent}{wxsyscolourchangedevent}}{The EVT\_SYS\_COLOUR\_CHANGED macro is used to handle | |
393 | events informing the application that the user has changed the system colours (Windows only).} | |
394 | \twocolitem{\helpref{wxTreeEvent}{wxtreeevent}}{These macros handle \helpref{wxTreeCtrl}{wxtreectrl} events.} | |
395 | \twocolitem{\helpref{wxUpdateUIEvent}{wxupdateuievent}}{The EVT\_UPDATE\_UI macro is used to handle user interface | |
396 | update pseudo-events, which are generated to give the application the chance to update the visual state of menus, | |
397 | toolbars and controls.} | |
398 | \end{twocollist} | |
399 | ||
400 | \subsection{Custom event summary}\label{customevents} | |
401 | ||
402 | \wxheading{General approach} | |
403 | ||
404 | Since version 2.2.x of wxWidgets, each event type is identified by ID which | |
405 | is given to the event type {\it at runtime} which makes it possible to add | |
406 | new event types to the library or application without risking ID clashes | |
407 | (two different event types mistakingly getting the same event ID). This | |
408 | event type ID is stored in a struct of type {\bf const wxEventType}. | |
409 | ||
410 | In order to define a new event type, there are principally two choices. | |
411 | One is to define a entirely new event class (typically deriving from | |
412 | \helpref{wxEvent}{wxevent} or \helpref{wxCommandEvent}{wxcommandevent}. | |
413 | The other is to use the existing event classes and give them an new event | |
414 | type. You'll have to define and declare a new event type using either way, | |
415 | and this is done using the following macros: | |
416 | ||
417 | \begin{verbatim} | |
418 | // in the header of the source file | |
419 | DECLARE_EVENT_TYPE(name, value) | |
420 | ||
421 | // in the implementation | |
422 | DEFINE_EVENT_TYPE(name) | |
423 | \end{verbatim} | |
424 | ||
425 | You can ignore the {\it value} parameter of the DECLARE\_EVENT\_TYPE macro | |
426 | since it used only for backwards compatibility with wxWidgets 2.0.x based | |
427 | applications where you have to give the event type ID an explicit value. | |
428 | ||
429 | \wxheading{Using existing event classes} | |
430 | ||
431 | If you just want to use a \helpref{wxCommandEvent}{wxcommandevent} with | |
432 | a new event type, you can then use one of the generic event table macros | |
433 | listed below, without having to define a new macro yourself. This also | |
434 | has the advantage that you won't have to define a new \helpref{wxEvent::Clone()}{wxeventclone} | |
435 | method for posting events between threads etc. This could look like this | |
436 | in your code: | |
437 | ||
438 | {\small% | |
439 | \begin{verbatim} | |
440 | DECLARE_EVENT_TYPE(wxEVT_MY_EVENT, -1) | |
441 | ||
442 | DEFINE_EVENT_TYPE(wxEVT_MY_EVENT) | |
443 | ||
444 | // user code intercepting the event | |
445 | ||
446 | BEGIN_EVENT_TABLE(MyFrame, wxFrame) | |
447 | EVT_MENU (wxID_EXIT, MyFrame::OnExit) | |
448 | // .... | |
449 | EVT_COMMAND (ID_MY_WINDOW, wxEVT_MY_EVENT, MyFrame::OnMyEvent) | |
450 | END_EVENT_TABLE() | |
451 | ||
452 | void MyFrame::OnMyEvent( wxCommandEvent &event ) | |
453 | { | |
454 | // do something | |
455 | wxString text = event.GetText(); | |
456 | } | |
457 | ||
458 | ||
459 | // user code sending the event | |
460 | ||
461 | void MyWindow::SendEvent() | |
462 | { | |
463 | wxCommandEvent event( wxEVT_MY_EVENT, GetId() ); | |
464 | event.SetEventObject( this ); | |
465 | // Give it some contents | |
466 | event.SetText( wxT("Hallo") ); | |
467 | // Send it | |
468 | GetEventHandler()->ProcessEvent( event ); | |
469 | } | |
470 | \end{verbatim} | |
471 | }% | |
472 | ||
473 | ||
474 | \wxheading{Generic event table macros} | |
475 | ||
476 | \twocolwidtha{8cm}% | |
477 | \begin{twocollist}\itemsep=0pt | |
478 | \twocolitem{\windowstyle{EVT\_CUSTOM(event, id, func)}}{Allows you to add a custom event table | |
479 | entry by specifying the event identifier (such as wxEVT\_SIZE), the window identifier, | |
480 | and a member function to call.} | |
481 | \twocolitem{\windowstyle{EVT\_CUSTOM\_RANGE(event, id1, id2, func)}}{The same as EVT\_CUSTOM, | |
482 | but responds to a range of window identifiers.} | |
483 | \twocolitem{\windowstyle{EVT\_COMMAND(id, event, func)}}{The same as EVT\_CUSTOM, but | |
484 | expects a member function with a wxCommandEvent argument.} | |
485 | \twocolitem{\windowstyle{EVT\_COMMAND\_RANGE(id1, id2, event, func)}}{The same as EVT\_CUSTOM\_RANGE, but | |
486 | expects a member function with a wxCommandEvent argument.} | |
487 | \twocolitem{\windowstyle{EVT\_NOTIFY(id, event, func)}}{The same as EVT\_CUSTOM, but | |
488 | expects a member function with a wxNotifyEvent argument.} | |
489 | \twocolitem{\windowstyle{EVT\_NOTIFY\_RANGE(id1, id2, event, func)}}{The same as EVT\_CUSTOM\_RANGE, but | |
490 | expects a member function with a wxNotifyEvent argument.} | |
491 | \end{twocollist} | |
492 | ||
493 | ||
494 | \wxheading{Defining your own event class} | |
495 | ||
496 | Under certain circumstances, it will be required to define your own event | |
497 | class e.g. for sending more complex data from one place to another. Apart | |
498 | from defining your event class, you will also need to define your own | |
499 | event table macro (which is quite long). Watch out to put in enough | |
500 | casts to the inherited event function. Here is an example, taken mostly | |
501 | from the {\it wxPlot} library, which is in the {\it contrib} section of | |
502 | the wxWidgets sources. | |
503 | ||
504 | {\small% | |
505 | \begin{verbatim} | |
506 | ||
507 | // code defining event | |
508 | ||
509 | class wxPlotEvent: public wxNotifyEvent | |
510 | { | |
511 | public: | |
512 | wxPlotEvent( wxEventType commandType = wxEVT_NULL, int id = 0 ); | |
513 | ||
514 | // accessors | |
515 | wxPlotCurve *GetCurve() | |
516 | { return m_curve; } | |
517 | ||
518 | // required for sending with wxPostEvent() | |
519 | wxEvent* Clone(); | |
520 | ||
521 | private: | |
522 | wxPlotCurve *m_curve; | |
523 | }; | |
524 | ||
525 | DECLARE_EVENT_MACRO( wxEVT_PLOT_ACTION, -1 ) | |
526 | ||
527 | typedef void (wxEvtHandler::*wxPlotEventFunction)(wxPlotEvent&); | |
528 | ||
529 | #define EVT_PLOT(id, fn) \ | |
530 | DECLARE_EVENT_TABLE_ENTRY( wxEVT_PLOT_ACTION, id, -1, \ | |
531 | (wxObjectEventFunction) (wxEventFunction) (wxCommandEventFunction) (wxNotifyEventFunction) \ | |
532 | wxStaticCastEvent( wxPlotEventFunction, & fn ), (wxObject *) NULL ), | |
533 | ||
534 | ||
535 | // code implementing the event type and the event class | |
536 | ||
537 | DEFINE_EVENT_TYPE( wxEVT_PLOT_ACTION ) | |
538 | ||
539 | wxPlotEvent::wxPlotEvent( ... | |
540 | ||
541 | ||
542 | // user code intercepting the event | |
543 | ||
544 | BEGIN_EVENT_TABLE(MyFrame, wxFrame) | |
545 | EVT_PLOT (ID_MY_WINDOW, MyFrame::OnPlot) | |
546 | END_EVENT_TABLE() | |
547 | ||
548 | void MyFrame::OnPlot( wxPlotEvent &event ) | |
549 | { | |
550 | wxPlotCurve *curve = event.GetCurve(); | |
551 | } | |
552 | ||
553 | ||
554 | // user code sending the event | |
555 | ||
556 | void MyWindow::SendEvent() | |
557 | { | |
558 | wxPlotEvent event( wxEVT_PLOT_ACTION, GetId() ); | |
559 | event.SetEventObject( this ); | |
560 | event.SetCurve( m_curve ); | |
561 | GetEventHandler()->ProcessEvent( event ); | |
562 | } | |
563 | ||
564 | \end{verbatim} | |
565 | }% | |
566 |