some minor fixes to the docs (bugs 13271[56])

[wxWidgets.git] / docs / latex / wx / locale.tex

\section{\class{wxLocale}}\label{wxlocale}

wxLocale class encapsulates all language-dependent settings and is a
generalization of the C locale concept.

In wxWindows this class manages message catalogs which contain the translations
of the strings used to the current language.

\perlnote{In wxPerl the {\tt Wx} module exports a '_' function
that corresponds to the '_' C++ macro.
\begin{verbatim}
  use Wx qw(_);

  # ....

  print _( ``Panic!'' );

  my( \$button ) = Wx::Button->new( \$window, -1, _( ``Label'' ) );
\end{verbatim}
}

\wxheading{Derived from}

No base class

\wxheading{See also}

\helpref{I18n overview}{internationalization}

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/intl.h>


\latexignore{\rtfignore{\wxheading{Members}}}


\membersection{Supported languages}\label{wxlanguage}

The following wxLanguage constants may be used to specify the language
in \helpref{Init}{wxlocaleinit} and are returned by 
\helpref{GetSystemLanguage}{wxlocalegetsystemlanguage}:

%% This enum is generated by misc/languages/genlang.py
%% When making changes, please put them into misc/languages/langtabl.txt
\begin{itemize}\itemsep=0pt
\item wxLANGUAGE_DEFAULT -- user's default language as obtained from the operating system 
\item wxLANGUAGE_UNKNOWN -- returned by \helpref{GetSystemLanguage}{wxlocalegetsystemlanguage}
if it fails to detect the default language 
\item wxLANGUAGE_USER_DEFINED -- user defined languages' integer identifiers should start from
this
\item wxLANGUAGE\_ABKHAZIAN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_AFAR
\item wxLANGUAGE\_AFRIKAANS
\item wxLANGUAGE\_ALBANIAN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_AMHARIC
\item wxLANGUAGE\_ARABIC
\item wxLANGUAGE\_ARABIC\_ALGERIA
\item wxLANGUAGE\_ARABIC\_BAHRAIN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_ARABIC\_EGYPT
\item wxLANGUAGE\_ARABIC\_IRAQ
\item wxLANGUAGE\_ARABIC\_JORDAN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_ARABIC\_KUWAIT
\item wxLANGUAGE\_ARABIC\_LEBANON
\item wxLANGUAGE\_ARABIC\_LIBYA
\item wxLANGUAGE\_ARABIC\_MOROCCO
\item wxLANGUAGE\_ARABIC\_OMAN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_ARABIC\_QATAR
\item wxLANGUAGE\_ARABIC\_SAUDI\_ARABIA
\item wxLANGUAGE\_ARABIC\_SUDAN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_ARABIC\_SYRIA
\item wxLANGUAGE\_ARABIC\_TUNISIA
\item wxLANGUAGE\_ARABIC\_UAE
\item wxLANGUAGE\_ARABIC\_YEMEN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_ARMENIAN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_ASSAMESE
\item wxLANGUAGE\_AYMARA
\item wxLANGUAGE\_AZERI
\item wxLANGUAGE\_AZERI\_CYRILLIC
\item wxLANGUAGE\_AZERI\_LATIN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_BASHKIR
\item wxLANGUAGE\_BASQUE
\item wxLANGUAGE\_BELARUSIAN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_BENGALI
\item wxLANGUAGE\_BHUTANI
\item wxLANGUAGE\_BIHARI
\item wxLANGUAGE\_BISLAMA
\item wxLANGUAGE\_BRETON
\item wxLANGUAGE\_BULGARIAN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_BURMESE
\item wxLANGUAGE\_CAMBODIAN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_CATALAN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_CHINESE
\item wxLANGUAGE\_CHINESE\_SIMPLIFIED
\item wxLANGUAGE\_CHINESE\_TRADITIONAL
\item wxLANGUAGE\_CHINESE\_HONGKONG
\item wxLANGUAGE\_CHINESE\_MACAU
\item wxLANGUAGE\_CHINESE\_SINGAPORE
\item wxLANGUAGE\_CHINESE\_TAIWAN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_CORSICAN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_CROATIAN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_CZECH
\item wxLANGUAGE\_DANISH
\item wxLANGUAGE\_DUTCH
\item wxLANGUAGE\_DUTCH\_BELGIAN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_ENGLISH
\item wxLANGUAGE\_ENGLISH\_UK
\item wxLANGUAGE\_ENGLISH\_US
\item wxLANGUAGE\_ENGLISH\_AUSTRALIA
\item wxLANGUAGE\_ENGLISH\_BELIZE
\item wxLANGUAGE\_ENGLISH\_BOTSWANA
\item wxLANGUAGE\_ENGLISH\_CANADA
\item wxLANGUAGE\_ENGLISH\_CARIBBEAN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_ENGLISH\_DENMARK
\item wxLANGUAGE\_ENGLISH\_EIRE
\item wxLANGUAGE\_ENGLISH\_JAMAICA
\item wxLANGUAGE\_ENGLISH\_NEW\_ZEALAND
\item wxLANGUAGE\_ENGLISH\_PHILIPPINES
\item wxLANGUAGE\_ENGLISH\_SOUTH\_AFRICA
\item wxLANGUAGE\_ENGLISH\_TRINIDAD
\item wxLANGUAGE\_ENGLISH\_ZIMBABWE
\item wxLANGUAGE\_ESPERANTO
\item wxLANGUAGE\_ESTONIAN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_FAEROESE
\item wxLANGUAGE\_FARSI
\item wxLANGUAGE\_FIJI
\item wxLANGUAGE\_FINNISH
\item wxLANGUAGE\_FRENCH
\item wxLANGUAGE\_FRENCH\_BELGIAN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_FRENCH\_CANADIAN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_FRENCH\_LUXEMBOURG
\item wxLANGUAGE\_FRENCH\_MONACO
\item wxLANGUAGE\_FRENCH\_SWISS
\item wxLANGUAGE\_FRISIAN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_GALICIAN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_GEORGIAN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_GERMAN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_GERMAN\_AUSTRIAN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_GERMAN\_BELGIUM
\item wxLANGUAGE\_GERMAN\_LIECHTENSTEIN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_GERMAN\_LUXEMBOURG
\item wxLANGUAGE\_GERMAN\_SWISS
\item wxLANGUAGE\_GREEK
\item wxLANGUAGE\_GREENLANDIC
\item wxLANGUAGE\_GUARANI
\item wxLANGUAGE\_GUJARATI
\item wxLANGUAGE\_HAUSA
\item wxLANGUAGE\_HEBREW
\item wxLANGUAGE\_HINDI
\item wxLANGUAGE\_HUNGARIAN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_ICELANDIC
\item wxLANGUAGE\_INDONESIAN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_INTERLINGUA
\item wxLANGUAGE\_INTERLINGUE
\item wxLANGUAGE\_INUKTITUT
\item wxLANGUAGE\_INUPIAK
\item wxLANGUAGE\_IRISH
\item wxLANGUAGE\_ITALIAN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_ITALIAN\_SWISS
\item wxLANGUAGE\_JAPANESE
\item wxLANGUAGE\_JAVANESE
\item wxLANGUAGE\_KANNADA
\item wxLANGUAGE\_KASHMIRI
\item wxLANGUAGE\_KASHMIRI\_INDIA
\item wxLANGUAGE\_KAZAKH
\item wxLANGUAGE\_KERNEWEK
\item wxLANGUAGE\_KINYARWANDA
\item wxLANGUAGE\_KIRGHIZ
\item wxLANGUAGE\_KIRUNDI
\item wxLANGUAGE\_KONKANI
\item wxLANGUAGE\_KOREAN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_KURDISH
\item wxLANGUAGE\_LAOTHIAN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_LATIN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_LATVIAN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_LINGALA
\item wxLANGUAGE\_LITHUANIAN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_MACEDONIAN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_MALAGASY
\item wxLANGUAGE\_MALAY
\item wxLANGUAGE\_MALAYALAM
\item wxLANGUAGE\_MALAY\_BRUNEI\_DARUSSALAM
\item wxLANGUAGE\_MALAY\_MALAYSIA
\item wxLANGUAGE\_MALTESE
\item wxLANGUAGE\_MANIPURI
\item wxLANGUAGE\_MAORI
\item wxLANGUAGE\_MARATHI
\item wxLANGUAGE\_MOLDAVIAN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_MONGOLIAN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_NAURU
\item wxLANGUAGE\_NEPALI
\item wxLANGUAGE\_NEPALI\_INDIA
\item wxLANGUAGE\_NORWEGIAN\_BOKMAL
\item wxLANGUAGE\_NORWEGIAN\_NYNORSK
\item wxLANGUAGE\_OCCITAN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_ORIYA
\item wxLANGUAGE\_OROMO
\item wxLANGUAGE\_PASHTO
\item wxLANGUAGE\_POLISH
\item wxLANGUAGE\_PORTUGUESE
\item wxLANGUAGE\_PORTUGUESE\_BRAZILIAN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_PUNJABI
\item wxLANGUAGE\_QUECHUA
\item wxLANGUAGE\_RHAETO\_ROMANCE
\item wxLANGUAGE\_ROMANIAN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_RUSSIAN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_RUSSIAN\_UKRAINE
\item wxLANGUAGE\_SAMOAN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_SANGHO
\item wxLANGUAGE\_SANSKRIT
\item wxLANGUAGE\_SCOTS\_GAELIC
\item wxLANGUAGE\_SERBIAN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_SERBIAN\_CYRILLIC
\item wxLANGUAGE\_SERBIAN\_LATIN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_SERBO\_CROATIAN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_SESOTHO
\item wxLANGUAGE\_SETSWANA
\item wxLANGUAGE\_SHONA
\item wxLANGUAGE\_SINDHI
\item wxLANGUAGE\_SINHALESE
\item wxLANGUAGE\_SISWATI
\item wxLANGUAGE\_SLOVAK
\item wxLANGUAGE\_SLOVENIAN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_SOMALI
\item wxLANGUAGE\_SPANISH
\item wxLANGUAGE\_SPANISH\_ARGENTINA
\item wxLANGUAGE\_SPANISH\_BOLIVIA
\item wxLANGUAGE\_SPANISH\_CHILE
\item wxLANGUAGE\_SPANISH\_COLOMBIA
\item wxLANGUAGE\_SPANISH\_COSTA\_RICA
\item wxLANGUAGE\_SPANISH\_DOMINICAN\_REPUBLIC
\item wxLANGUAGE\_SPANISH\_ECUADOR
\item wxLANGUAGE\_SPANISH\_EL\_SALVADOR
\item wxLANGUAGE\_SPANISH\_GUATEMALA
\item wxLANGUAGE\_SPANISH\_HONDURAS
\item wxLANGUAGE\_SPANISH\_MEXICAN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_SPANISH\_MODERN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_SPANISH\_NICARAGUA
\item wxLANGUAGE\_SPANISH\_PANAMA
\item wxLANGUAGE\_SPANISH\_PARAGUAY
\item wxLANGUAGE\_SPANISH\_PERU
\item wxLANGUAGE\_SPANISH\_PUERTO\_RICO
\item wxLANGUAGE\_SPANISH\_URUGUAY
\item wxLANGUAGE\_SPANISH\_US
\item wxLANGUAGE\_SPANISH\_VENEZUELA
\item wxLANGUAGE\_SUNDANESE
\item wxLANGUAGE\_SWAHILI
\item wxLANGUAGE\_SWEDISH
\item wxLANGUAGE\_SWEDISH\_FINLAND
\item wxLANGUAGE\_TAGALOG
\item wxLANGUAGE\_TAJIK
\item wxLANGUAGE\_TAMIL
\item wxLANGUAGE\_TATAR
\item wxLANGUAGE\_TELUGU
\item wxLANGUAGE\_THAI
\item wxLANGUAGE\_TIBETAN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_TIGRINYA
\item wxLANGUAGE\_TONGA
\item wxLANGUAGE\_TSONGA
\item wxLANGUAGE\_TURKISH
\item wxLANGUAGE\_TURKMEN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_TWI
\item wxLANGUAGE\_UIGHUR
\item wxLANGUAGE\_UKRAINIAN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_URDU
\item wxLANGUAGE\_URDU\_INDIA
\item wxLANGUAGE\_URDU\_PAKISTAN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_UZBEK
\item wxLANGUAGE\_UZBEK\_CYRILLIC
\item wxLANGUAGE\_UZBEK\_LATIN
\item wxLANGUAGE\_VIETNAMESE
\item wxLANGUAGE\_VOLAPUK
\item wxLANGUAGE\_WELSH
\item wxLANGUAGE\_WOLOF
\item wxLANGUAGE\_XHOSA
\item wxLANGUAGE\_YIDDISH
\item wxLANGUAGE\_YORUBA
\item wxLANGUAGE\_ZHUANG
\item wxLANGUAGE\_ZULU
\end{itemize}



\membersection{wxLocale::wxLocale}\label{wxlocaledefctor}

\func{}{wxLocale}{\void}

This is the default constructor and it does nothing to initialize the object: 
\helpref{Init()}{wxlocaleinit} must be used to do that.

\func{}{wxLocale}{\param{int }{language}, \param{int }{flags =
                          wxLOCALE\_LOAD\_DEFAULT | wxLOCALE\_CONV\_ENCODING}}

See \helpref{Init()}{wxlocaleinit} for parameters description.

\func{}{wxLocale}{\param{const char }{*szName}, \param{const char }{*szShort = NULL}, \param{const char }{*szLocale = NULL}, \param{bool }{bLoadDefault = TRUE}, \param{bool }{bConvertEncoding = FALSE}}

See \helpref{Init()}{wxlocaleinit} for parameters description.

The call of this function has several global side effects which you should
understand: first of all, the application locale is changed - note that this
will affect many of standard C library functions such as printf() or strftime().
Second, this wxLocale object becomes the new current global locale for the
application and so all subsequent calls to wxGetTranslation() will try to
translate the messages using the message catalogs for this locale.


\membersection{wxLocale::\destruct{wxLocale}}\label{wxlocaledtor}

\func{}{\destruct{wxLocale}}{\void}

The destructor, like the constructor, also has global side effects: the previously
set locale is restored and so the changes described in 
\helpref{Init}{wxlocaleinit} documentation are rolled back.

\membersection{wxLocale::AddCatalog}\label{wxlocaleaddcatalog}

\func{bool}{AddCatalog}{\param{const char }{*szDomain}}

Add a catalog for use with the current locale: it is searched for in standard
places (current directory first, then the system one), but you may also prepend
additional directories to the search path with 
\helpref{AddCatalogLookupPathPrefix()}{wxlocaleaddcataloglookuppathprefix}.

All loaded catalogs will be used for message lookup by GetString() for the
current locale.

Returns TRUE if catalog was successfully loaded, FALSE otherwise (which might
mean that the catalog is not found or that it isn't in the correct format).

\membersection{wxLocale::AddCatalogLookupPathPrefix}\label{wxlocaleaddcataloglookuppathprefix}

\func{void}{AddCatalogLookupPathPrefix}{\param{const wxString\& }{prefix}}

Add a prefix to the catalog lookup path: the message catalog files will be
looked up under prefix/<lang>/LC\_MESSAGES, prefix/LC\_MESSAGES and prefix
(in this order).

This only applies to subsequent invocations of AddCatalog()!

\membersection{wxLocale::AddLanguage}\label{wxlocaleaddlanguage}

\func{void}{AddLanguage}{\param{const wxLanguageInfo\& }{info}}

Adds custom, user-defined language to the database of known languages. This
database is used in conjuction with the first form of 
\helpref{Init}{wxlocaleinit}. 

wxLanguageInfo is defined as follows:

\begin{verbatim}
struct WXDLLEXPORT wxLanguageInfo
{
    int Language;                   // wxLanguage id
    wxString CanonicalName;         // Canonical name, e.g. fr_FR
#ifdef __WIN32__
    wxUint32 WinLang, WinSublang;   // Win32 language identifiers
                                    // (LANG_xxxx, SUBLANG_xxxx)
#endif
    wxString Description;           // human-readable name of the language
};
\end{verbatim}


{\it Language} should be greater than wxLANGUAGE\_USER\_DEFINED.



\membersection{wxLocale::GetCanonicalName}\label{wxlocalegetcanonicalname}

\constfunc{wxString}{GetSysName}{\void}

Returns the canonical form of current locale name. Canonical form is the
one that is used on UNIX systems: it is a two- or five-letter string in xx or
xx\_YY format, where xx is ISO 639 code of language and YY is ISO 3166 code of
the country. Examples are "en", "en\_GB", "en\_US" or "fr\_FR".

This form is internally used when looking up message catalogs.

Compare \helpref{GetSysName}{wxlocalegetsysname}.



\membersection{wxLocale::GetLanguage}\label{wxlocalegetlanguage}

\constfunc{int}{GetLanguage}{\void}

Returns \helpref{wxLanguage}{wxlanguage} constant of current language.
Note that you can call this function only if you used the form of
\helpref{Init}{wxlocaleinit} that takes wxLanguage argument.


\membersection{wxLocale::GetLocale}\label{wxlocalegetlocale}

\constfunc{const char*}{GetLocale}{\void}

Returns the locale name as passed to the constructor or 
\helpref{Init()}{wxlocaleinit}. This is full, human-readable name,
e.g. "English" or "French".


\membersection{wxLocale::GetName}\label{wxlocalegetname}

\constfunc{const wxString\&}{GetName}{\void}

Returns the current short name for the locale (as given to the constructor or
the Init() function).

\membersection{wxLocale::GetString}\label{wxlocalegetstring}

\constfunc{const char*}{GetString}{\param{const char }{*szOrigString}, \param{const char }{*szDomain = NULL}}

Retrieves the translation for a string in all loaded domains unless the szDomain
parameter is specified (and then only this catalog/domain is searched).

Returns original string if translation is not available
(in this case an error message is generated the first time
a string is not found; use \helpref{wxLogNull}{wxlogoverview} to suppress it).

\wxheading{Remarks}

Domains are searched in the last to first order, i.e. catalogs
added later override those added before.

\membersection{wxLocale::GetSysName}\label{wxlocalegetsysname}

\constfunc{wxString}{GetSysName}{\void}

Returns current platform-specific locale name as passed to setlocale().

Compare \helpref{GetCanonicalName}{wxlocalegetcanonicalname}.


\membersection{wxLocale::GetSystemLanguage}\label{wxlocalegetsystemlanguage}

\constfunc{int}{GetSystemLanguage}{\void}

Tries to detect the user's default language setting.
Returns \helpref{wxLanguage}{wxlanguage} value or 
 {\bf wxLANGUAGE\_UNKNOWN} if the language-guessing algorithm failed.


\membersection{wxLocale::Init}\label{wxlocaleinit}


\func{bool}{Init}{\param{int }{language = wxLANGUAGE\_DEFAULT}, \param{int }{flags =
                          wxLOCALE\_LOAD\_DEFAULT | wxLOCALE\_CONV\_ENCODING}}

\func{bool}{Init}{\param{const char }{*szName}, \param{const char }{*szShort = NULL}, \param{const char }{*szLocale = NULL}, \param{bool }{bLoadDefault = TRUE}, \param{bool }{bConvertEncoding = FALSE}}

The second form is deprecated, use the first one unless you know what you are
doing. 


\wxheading{Parameters}

\docparam{language}{\helpref{wxLanguage}{wxlanguage} identifier of the locale. 
wxLANGUAGE\_DEFAULT has special meaning -- wxLocale will use system's default 
language (see \helpref{GetSystemLanguage}{wxlocalegetsystemlanguage}).}

\docparam{flags}{Combination of the following:
\begin{twocollist}\itemsep=0pt
\twocolitem{\windowstyle{wxLOCALE\_LOAD\_DEFAULT}}{Load the message catalog
for the given locale containing the translations of standard wxWindows messages
automatically.}
\twocolitem{\windowstyle{wxLOCALE\_CONV\_ENCODING}}{Automatically convert message
catalogs to platform's native encoding. Note that it will do only basic 
conversion between well-known pair like iso8859-1 and windows-1252 or
iso8859-2 and windows-1250. See \helpref{Writing non-English applications}{nonenglishoverview} for detailed
description of this behaviour.}
\end{twocollist}
}

\docparam{szName}{The name of the locale. Only used in diagnostic messages.}

\docparam{szShort}{The standard 2 letter locale abbreviation and is used as the
directory prefix when looking for the message catalog files.}

\docparam{szLocale}{The parameter for the call to setlocale(). Note that it is
platform-specific.}

\docparam{bLoadDefault}{May be set to FALSE to prevent loading of the message catalog
for the given locale containing the translations of standard wxWindows messages.
This parameter would be rarely used in normal circumstances.}

\docparam{bConvertEncoding}{May be set to TRUE to do automatic conversion of message
catalogs to platform's native encoding. Note that it will do only basic 
conversion between well-known pair like iso8859-1 and windows-1252 or
iso8859-2 and windows-1250. 
See \helpref{Writing non-English applications}{nonenglishoverview} for detailed
description of this behaviour.}


The call of this function has several global side effects which you should
understand: first of all, the application locale is changed - note that this
will affect many of standard C library functions such as printf() or strftime().
Second, this wxLocale object becomes the new current global locale for the
application and so all subsequent calls to wxGetTranslation() will try to
translate the messages using the message catalogs for this locale.

Returns TRUE on success or FALSE if the given locale couldn't be set.

\membersection{wxLocale::IsLoaded}\label{wxlocaleisloaded}

\constfunc{bool}{IsLoaded}{\param{const char* }{domain}}

Check if the given catalog is loaded, and returns TRUE if it is.

According to GNU gettext tradition, each catalog
normally corresponds to 'domain' which is more or less the application name.

See also: \helpref{AddCatalog}{wxlocaleaddcatalog}

\membersection{wxLocale::IsOk}\label{wxlocaleisok}

\constfunc{bool}{IsOk}{\void}

Returns TRUE if the locale could be set successfully.