]> git.saurik.com Git - redis.git/blobdiff - redis.c
reduce code complexity because zipmapLen now is O(1)
[redis.git] / redis.c
diff --git a/redis.c b/redis.c
index c0956490cb81836348bb7eb9323da8f1cdcc485e..e69d3a3abf89b99aaff9cf2fdca493c13c5077eb 100644 (file)
--- a/redis.c
+++ b/redis.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2006-2009, Salvatore Sanfilippo <antirez at gmail dot com>
+ * Copyright (c) 2009-2010, Salvatore Sanfilippo <antirez at gmail dot com>
  * All rights reserved.
  *
  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
  */
 
-#define REDIS_VERSION "1.3.3"
+#define REDIS_VERSION "1.3.7"
 
 #include "fmacros.h"
 #include "config.h"
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
 #include <time.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #define __USE_POSIX199309
+#define __USE_UNIX98
 #include <signal.h>
 
 #ifdef HAVE_BACKTRACE
@@ -74,6 +75,7 @@
 #include "zmalloc.h" /* total memory usage aware version of malloc/free */
 #include "lzf.h"    /* LZF compression library */
 #include "pqsort.h" /* Partial qsort for SORT+LIMIT */
+#include "zipmap.h"
 
 /* Error codes */
 #define REDIS_OK                0
 #define REDIS_MAXIDLETIME       (60*5)  /* default client timeout */
 #define REDIS_IOBUF_LEN         1024
 #define REDIS_LOADBUF_LEN       1024
-#define REDIS_STATIC_ARGS       4
+#define REDIS_STATIC_ARGS       8
 #define REDIS_DEFAULT_DBNUM     16
 #define REDIS_CONFIGLINE_MAX    1024
 #define REDIS_OBJFREELIST_MAX   1000000 /* Max number of objects to cache */
 #define REDIS_MAX_SYNC_TIME     60      /* Slave can't take more to sync */
-#define REDIS_EXPIRELOOKUPS_PER_CRON    100 /* try to expire 100 keys/second */
+#define REDIS_EXPIRELOOKUPS_PER_CRON    10 /* try to expire 10 keys/loop */
 #define REDIS_MAX_WRITE_PER_EVENT (1024*64)
 #define REDIS_REQUEST_MAX_SIZE (1024*1024*256) /* max bytes in inline command */
 
 #define REDIS_ZSET 3
 #define REDIS_HASH 4
 
-/* Objects encoding */
+/* Objects encoding. Some kind of objects like Strings and Hashes can be
+ * internally represented in multiple ways. The 'encoding' field of the object
+ * is set to one of this fields for this object. */
 #define REDIS_ENCODING_RAW 0    /* Raw representation */
 #define REDIS_ENCODING_INT 1    /* Encoded as integer */
+#define REDIS_ENCODING_ZIPMAP 2 /* Encoded as zipmap */
+#define REDIS_ENCODING_HT 3     /* Encoded as an hash table */
+
+static char* strencoding[] = {
+    "raw", "int", "zipmap", "hashtable"
+};
 
 /* Object types only used for dumping to disk */
 #define REDIS_EXPIRETIME 253
 #define APPENDFSYNC_ALWAYS 1
 #define APPENDFSYNC_EVERYSEC 2
 
+/* Hashes related defaults */
+#define REDIS_HASH_MAX_ZIPMAP_ENTRIES 64
+#define REDIS_HASH_MAX_ZIPMAP_VALUE 512
+
 /* We can print the stacktrace, so our assert is defined this way: */
 #define redisAssert(_e) ((_e)?(void)0 : (_redisAssert(#_e,__FILE__,__LINE__),_exit(1)))
 static void _redisAssert(char *estr, char *file, int line);
@@ -339,6 +353,7 @@ struct redisServer {
     time_t stat_starttime;         /* server start time */
     long long stat_numcommands;    /* number of processed commands */
     long long stat_numconnections; /* number of connections received */
+    long long stat_expiredkeys;   /* number of expired keys */
     /* Configuration */
     int verbosity;
     int glueoutputbuf;
@@ -385,6 +400,9 @@ struct redisServer {
     off_t vm_page_size;
     off_t vm_pages;
     unsigned long long vm_max_memory;
+    /* Hashes config */
+    size_t hash_max_zipmap_entries;
+    size_t hash_max_zipmap_value;
     /* Virtual memory state */
     FILE *vm_fp;
     int vm_fd;
@@ -426,6 +444,14 @@ struct redisCommand {
     redisCommandProc *proc;
     int arity;
     int flags;
+    /* Use a function to determine which keys need to be loaded
+     * in the background prior to executing this command. Takes precedence
+     * over vm_firstkey and others, ignored when NULL */
+    redisCommandProc *vm_preload_proc;
+    /* What keys should be loaded in background when calling this command? */
+    int vm_firstkey; /* The first argument that's a key (0 = no keys) */
+    int vm_lastkey;  /* THe last argument that's a key */
+    int vm_keystep;  /* The step between first and last key */
 };
 
 struct redisFunctionSym {
@@ -451,6 +477,7 @@ typedef struct _redisSortOperation {
 typedef struct zskiplistNode {
     struct zskiplistNode **forward;
     struct zskiplistNode *backward;
+    unsigned int *span;
     double score;
     robj *obj;
 } zskiplistNode;
@@ -494,7 +521,7 @@ typedef struct iojob {
     robj *val;  /* the value to swap for REDIS_IOREQ_*_SWAP, otherwise this
                  * field is populated by the I/O thread for REDIS_IOREQ_LOAD. */
     off_t page; /* Swap page where to read/write the object */
-    off_t pages; /* Swap pages needed to safe object. PREPARE_SWAP return val */
+    off_t pages; /* Swap pages needed to save object. PREPARE_SWAP return val */
     int canceled; /* True if this command was canceled by blocking side of VM */
     pthread_t thread; /* ID of the thread processing this entry */
 } iojob;
@@ -514,7 +541,7 @@ static void incrRefCount(robj *o);
 static int rdbSaveBackground(char *filename);
 static robj *createStringObject(char *ptr, size_t len);
 static robj *dupStringObject(robj *o);
-static void replicationFeedSlaves(list *slaves, struct redisCommand *cmd, int dictid, robj **argv, int argc);
+static void replicationFeedSlaves(list *slaves, int dictid, robj **argv, int argc);
 static void feedAppendOnlyFile(struct redisCommand *cmd, int dictid, robj **argv, int argc);
 static int syncWithMaster(void);
 static robj *tryObjectSharing(robj *o);
@@ -565,6 +592,7 @@ static robj *vmReadObjectFromSwap(off_t page, int type);
 static void waitEmptyIOJobsQueue(void);
 static void vmReopenSwapFile(void);
 static int vmFreePage(off_t page);
+static void zunionInterBlockClientOnSwappedKeys(redisClient *c);
 static int blockClientOnSwappedKeys(struct redisCommand *cmd, redisClient *c);
 static int dontWaitForSwappedKey(redisClient *c, robj *key);
 static void handleClientsBlockedOnSwappedKey(redisDb *db, robj *key);
@@ -572,6 +600,7 @@ static void readQueryFromClient(aeEventLoop *el, int fd, void *privdata, int mas
 static struct redisCommand *lookupCommand(char *name);
 static void call(redisClient *c, struct redisCommand *cmd);
 static void resetClient(redisClient *c);
+static void convertToRealHash(robj *o);
 
 static void authCommand(redisClient *c);
 static void pingCommand(redisClient *c);
@@ -641,6 +670,7 @@ static void zaddCommand(redisClient *c);
 static void zincrbyCommand(redisClient *c);
 static void zrangeCommand(redisClient *c);
 static void zrangebyscoreCommand(redisClient *c);
+static void zcountCommand(redisClient *c);
 static void zrevrangeCommand(redisClient *c);
 static void zcardCommand(redisClient *c);
 static void zremCommand(redisClient *c);
@@ -648,101 +678,138 @@ static void zscoreCommand(redisClient *c);
 static void zremrangebyscoreCommand(redisClient *c);
 static void multiCommand(redisClient *c);
 static void execCommand(redisClient *c);
+static void discardCommand(redisClient *c);
 static void blpopCommand(redisClient *c);
 static void brpopCommand(redisClient *c);
 static void appendCommand(redisClient *c);
+static void substrCommand(redisClient *c);
+static void zrankCommand(redisClient *c);
+static void zrevrankCommand(redisClient *c);
+static void hsetCommand(redisClient *c);
+static void hgetCommand(redisClient *c);
+static void hdelCommand(redisClient *c);
+static void hlenCommand(redisClient *c);
+static void zremrangebyrankCommand(redisClient *c);
+static void zunionCommand(redisClient *c);
+static void zinterCommand(redisClient *c);
+static void hkeysCommand(redisClient *c);
+static void hvalsCommand(redisClient *c);
+static void hgetallCommand(redisClient *c);
+static void hexistsCommand(redisClient *c);
+static void configCommand(redisClient *c);
+static void hincrbyCommand(redisClient *c);
 
 /*================================= Globals ================================= */
 
 /* Global vars */
 static struct redisServer server; /* server global state */
 static struct redisCommand cmdTable[] = {
-    {"get",getCommand,2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE},
-    {"set",setCommand,3,REDIS_CMD_BULK|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM},
-    {"setnx",setnxCommand,3,REDIS_CMD_BULK|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM},
-    {"append",appendCommand,3,REDIS_CMD_BULK|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM},
-    {"del",delCommand,-2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE},
-    {"exists",existsCommand,2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE},
-    {"incr",incrCommand,2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM},
-    {"decr",decrCommand,2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM},
-    {"mget",mgetCommand,-2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE},
-    {"rpush",rpushCommand,3,REDIS_CMD_BULK|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM},
-    {"lpush",lpushCommand,3,REDIS_CMD_BULK|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM},
-    {"rpop",rpopCommand,2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE},
-    {"lpop",lpopCommand,2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE},
-    {"brpop",brpopCommand,-3,REDIS_CMD_INLINE},
-    {"blpop",blpopCommand,-3,REDIS_CMD_INLINE},
-    {"llen",llenCommand,2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE},
-    {"lindex",lindexCommand,3,REDIS_CMD_INLINE},
-    {"lset",lsetCommand,4,REDIS_CMD_BULK|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM},
-    {"lrange",lrangeCommand,4,REDIS_CMD_INLINE},
-    {"ltrim",ltrimCommand,4,REDIS_CMD_INLINE},
-    {"lrem",lremCommand,4,REDIS_CMD_BULK},
-    {"rpoplpush",rpoplpushcommand,3,REDIS_CMD_INLINE|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM},
-    {"sadd",saddCommand,3,REDIS_CMD_BULK|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM},
-    {"srem",sremCommand,3,REDIS_CMD_BULK},
-    {"smove",smoveCommand,4,REDIS_CMD_BULK},
-    {"sismember",sismemberCommand,3,REDIS_CMD_BULK},
-    {"scard",scardCommand,2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE},
-    {"spop",spopCommand,2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE},
-    {"srandmember",srandmemberCommand,2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE},
-    {"sinter",sinterCommand,-2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM},
-    {"sinterstore",sinterstoreCommand,-3,REDIS_CMD_INLINE|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM},
-    {"sunion",sunionCommand,-2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM},
-    {"sunionstore",sunionstoreCommand,-3,REDIS_CMD_INLINE|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM},
-    {"sdiff",sdiffCommand,-2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM},
-    {"sdiffstore",sdiffstoreCommand,-3,REDIS_CMD_INLINE|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM},
-    {"smembers",sinterCommand,2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE},
-    {"zadd",zaddCommand,4,REDIS_CMD_BULK|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM},
-    {"zincrby",zincrbyCommand,4,REDIS_CMD_BULK|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM},
-    {"zrem",zremCommand,3,REDIS_CMD_BULK},
-    {"zremrangebyscore",zremrangebyscoreCommand,4,REDIS_CMD_INLINE},
-    {"zrange",zrangeCommand,-4,REDIS_CMD_INLINE},
-    {"zrangebyscore",zrangebyscoreCommand,-4,REDIS_CMD_INLINE},
-    {"zrevrange",zrevrangeCommand,-4,REDIS_CMD_INLINE},
-    {"zcard",zcardCommand,2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE},
-    {"zscore",zscoreCommand,3,REDIS_CMD_BULK|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM},
-    {"incrby",incrbyCommand,3,REDIS_CMD_INLINE|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM},
-    {"decrby",decrbyCommand,3,REDIS_CMD_INLINE|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM},
-    {"getset",getsetCommand,3,REDIS_CMD_BULK|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM},
-    {"mset",msetCommand,-3,REDIS_CMD_BULK|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM},
-    {"msetnx",msetnxCommand,-3,REDIS_CMD_BULK|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM},
-    {"randomkey",randomkeyCommand,1,REDIS_CMD_INLINE},
-    {"select",selectCommand,2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE},
-    {"move",moveCommand,3,REDIS_CMD_INLINE},
-    {"rename",renameCommand,3,REDIS_CMD_INLINE},
-    {"renamenx",renamenxCommand,3,REDIS_CMD_INLINE},
-    {"expire",expireCommand,3,REDIS_CMD_INLINE},
-    {"expireat",expireatCommand,3,REDIS_CMD_INLINE},
-    {"keys",keysCommand,2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE},
-    {"dbsize",dbsizeCommand,1,REDIS_CMD_INLINE},
-    {"auth",authCommand,2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE},
-    {"ping",pingCommand,1,REDIS_CMD_INLINE},
-    {"echo",echoCommand,2,REDIS_CMD_BULK},
-    {"save",saveCommand,1,REDIS_CMD_INLINE},
-    {"bgsave",bgsaveCommand,1,REDIS_CMD_INLINE},
-    {"bgrewriteaof",bgrewriteaofCommand,1,REDIS_CMD_INLINE},
-    {"shutdown",shutdownCommand,1,REDIS_CMD_INLINE},
-    {"lastsave",lastsaveCommand,1,REDIS_CMD_INLINE},
-    {"type",typeCommand,2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE},
-    {"multi",multiCommand,1,REDIS_CMD_INLINE},
-    {"exec",execCommand,1,REDIS_CMD_INLINE},
-    {"sync",syncCommand,1,REDIS_CMD_INLINE},
-    {"flushdb",flushdbCommand,1,REDIS_CMD_INLINE},
-    {"flushall",flushallCommand,1,REDIS_CMD_INLINE},
-    {"sort",sortCommand,-2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM},
-    {"info",infoCommand,1,REDIS_CMD_INLINE},
-    {"monitor",monitorCommand,1,REDIS_CMD_INLINE},
-    {"ttl",ttlCommand,2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE},
-    {"slaveof",slaveofCommand,3,REDIS_CMD_INLINE},
-    {"debug",debugCommand,-2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE},
-    {NULL,NULL,0,0}
+    {"get",getCommand,2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"set",setCommand,3,REDIS_CMD_BULK|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM,NULL,0,0,0},
+    {"setnx",setnxCommand,3,REDIS_CMD_BULK|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM,NULL,0,0,0},
+    {"append",appendCommand,3,REDIS_CMD_BULK|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"substr",substrCommand,4,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"del",delCommand,-2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,0,0,0},
+    {"exists",existsCommand,2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"incr",incrCommand,2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"decr",decrCommand,2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"mget",mgetCommand,-2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,1,-1,1},
+    {"rpush",rpushCommand,3,REDIS_CMD_BULK|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"lpush",lpushCommand,3,REDIS_CMD_BULK|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"rpop",rpopCommand,2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"lpop",lpopCommand,2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"brpop",brpopCommand,-3,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"blpop",blpopCommand,-3,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"llen",llenCommand,2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"lindex",lindexCommand,3,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"lset",lsetCommand,4,REDIS_CMD_BULK|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"lrange",lrangeCommand,4,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"ltrim",ltrimCommand,4,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"lrem",lremCommand,4,REDIS_CMD_BULK,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"rpoplpush",rpoplpushcommand,3,REDIS_CMD_INLINE|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM,NULL,1,2,1},
+    {"sadd",saddCommand,3,REDIS_CMD_BULK|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"srem",sremCommand,3,REDIS_CMD_BULK,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"smove",smoveCommand,4,REDIS_CMD_BULK,NULL,1,2,1},
+    {"sismember",sismemberCommand,3,REDIS_CMD_BULK,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"scard",scardCommand,2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"spop",spopCommand,2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"srandmember",srandmemberCommand,2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"sinter",sinterCommand,-2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM,NULL,1,-1,1},
+    {"sinterstore",sinterstoreCommand,-3,REDIS_CMD_INLINE|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM,NULL,2,-1,1},
+    {"sunion",sunionCommand,-2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM,NULL,1,-1,1},
+    {"sunionstore",sunionstoreCommand,-3,REDIS_CMD_INLINE|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM,NULL,2,-1,1},
+    {"sdiff",sdiffCommand,-2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM,NULL,1,-1,1},
+    {"sdiffstore",sdiffstoreCommand,-3,REDIS_CMD_INLINE|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM,NULL,2,-1,1},
+    {"smembers",sinterCommand,2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"zadd",zaddCommand,4,REDIS_CMD_BULK|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"zincrby",zincrbyCommand,4,REDIS_CMD_BULK|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"zrem",zremCommand,3,REDIS_CMD_BULK,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"zremrangebyscore",zremrangebyscoreCommand,4,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"zremrangebyrank",zremrangebyrankCommand,4,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"zunion",zunionCommand,-4,REDIS_CMD_INLINE|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM,zunionInterBlockClientOnSwappedKeys,0,0,0},
+    {"zinter",zinterCommand,-4,REDIS_CMD_INLINE|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM,zunionInterBlockClientOnSwappedKeys,0,0,0},
+    {"zrange",zrangeCommand,-4,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"zrangebyscore",zrangebyscoreCommand,-4,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"zcount",zcountCommand,4,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"zrevrange",zrevrangeCommand,-4,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"zcard",zcardCommand,2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"zscore",zscoreCommand,3,REDIS_CMD_BULK|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"zrank",zrankCommand,3,REDIS_CMD_BULK,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"zrevrank",zrevrankCommand,3,REDIS_CMD_BULK,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"hset",hsetCommand,4,REDIS_CMD_BULK|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"hincrby",hincrbyCommand,4,REDIS_CMD_INLINE|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"hget",hgetCommand,3,REDIS_CMD_BULK,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"hdel",hdelCommand,3,REDIS_CMD_BULK,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"hlen",hlenCommand,2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"hkeys",hkeysCommand,2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"hvals",hvalsCommand,2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"hgetall",hgetallCommand,2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"hexists",hexistsCommand,3,REDIS_CMD_BULK,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"incrby",incrbyCommand,3,REDIS_CMD_INLINE|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"decrby",decrbyCommand,3,REDIS_CMD_INLINE|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"getset",getsetCommand,3,REDIS_CMD_BULK|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"mset",msetCommand,-3,REDIS_CMD_BULK|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM,NULL,1,-1,2},
+    {"msetnx",msetnxCommand,-3,REDIS_CMD_BULK|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM,NULL,1,-1,2},
+    {"randomkey",randomkeyCommand,1,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,0,0,0},
+    {"select",selectCommand,2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,0,0,0},
+    {"move",moveCommand,3,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"rename",renameCommand,3,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"renamenx",renamenxCommand,3,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"expire",expireCommand,3,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,0,0,0},
+    {"expireat",expireatCommand,3,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,0,0,0},
+    {"keys",keysCommand,2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,0,0,0},
+    {"dbsize",dbsizeCommand,1,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,0,0,0},
+    {"auth",authCommand,2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,0,0,0},
+    {"ping",pingCommand,1,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,0,0,0},
+    {"echo",echoCommand,2,REDIS_CMD_BULK,NULL,0,0,0},
+    {"save",saveCommand,1,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,0,0,0},
+    {"bgsave",bgsaveCommand,1,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,0,0,0},
+    {"bgrewriteaof",bgrewriteaofCommand,1,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,0,0,0},
+    {"shutdown",shutdownCommand,1,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,0,0,0},
+    {"lastsave",lastsaveCommand,1,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,0,0,0},
+    {"type",typeCommand,2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"multi",multiCommand,1,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,0,0,0},
+    {"exec",execCommand,1,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,0,0,0},
+    {"discard",discardCommand,1,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,0,0,0},
+    {"sync",syncCommand,1,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,0,0,0},
+    {"flushdb",flushdbCommand,1,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,0,0,0},
+    {"flushall",flushallCommand,1,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,0,0,0},
+    {"sort",sortCommand,-2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE|REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"info",infoCommand,1,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,0,0,0},
+    {"monitor",monitorCommand,1,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,0,0,0},
+    {"ttl",ttlCommand,2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,1,1,1},
+    {"slaveof",slaveofCommand,3,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,0,0,0},
+    {"debug",debugCommand,-2,REDIS_CMD_INLINE,NULL,0,0,0},
+    {"config",configCommand,-2,REDIS_CMD_BULK,NULL,0,0,0},
+    {NULL,NULL,0,0,NULL,0,0,0}
 };
 
+static void usage();
+
 /*============================ Utility functions ============================ */
 
 /* Glob-style pattern matching. */
-int stringmatchlen(const char *pattern, int patternLen,
+static int stringmatchlen(const char *pattern, int patternLen,
         const char *string, int stringLen, int nocase)
 {
     while(patternLen) {
@@ -864,6 +931,10 @@ int stringmatchlen(const char *pattern, int patternLen,
     return 0;
 }
 
+static int stringmatch(const char *pattern, const char *string, int nocase) {
+    return stringmatchlen(pattern,strlen(pattern),string,strlen(string),nocase);
+}
+
 static void redisLog(int level, const char *fmt, ...) {
     va_list ap;
     FILE *fp;
@@ -945,6 +1016,10 @@ static int dictEncObjKeyCompare(void *privdata, const void *key1,
     robj *o1 = (robj*) key1, *o2 = (robj*) key2;
     int cmp;
 
+    if (o1->encoding == REDIS_ENCODING_INT &&
+        o2->encoding == REDIS_ENCODING_INT &&
+        o1->ptr == o2->ptr) return 1;
+
     o1 = getDecodedObject(o1);
     o2 = getDecodedObject(o2);
     cmp = sdsDictKeyCompare(privdata,o1->ptr,o2->ptr);
@@ -997,7 +1072,7 @@ static dictType zsetDictType = {
 };
 
 /* Db->dict */
-static dictType hashDictType = {
+static dictType dbDictType = {
     dictObjHash,                /* hash function */
     NULL,                       /* key dup */
     NULL,                       /* val dup */
@@ -1016,6 +1091,16 @@ static dictType keyptrDictType = {
     NULL                       /* val destructor */
 };
 
+/* Hash type hash table (note that small hashes are represented with zimpaps) */
+static dictType hashDictType = {
+    dictEncObjHash,             /* hash function */
+    NULL,                       /* key dup */
+    NULL,                       /* val dup */
+    dictEncObjKeyCompare,       /* key compare */
+    dictRedisObjectDestructor,  /* key destructor */
+    dictRedisObjectDestructor   /* val destructor */
+};
+
 /* Keylist hash table type has unencoded redis objects as keys and
  * lists as values. It's used for blocking operations (BLPOP) and to
  * map swapped keys to a list of clients waiting for this keys to be loaded. */
@@ -1028,6 +1113,8 @@ static dictType keylistDictType = {
     dictListDestructor          /* val destructor */
 };
 
+static void version();
+
 /* ========================= Random utility functions ======================= */
 
 /* Redis generally does not try to recover from out of memory conditions
@@ -1195,7 +1282,7 @@ static int serverCron(struct aeEventLoop *eventLoop, long long id, void *clientD
         size = dictSlots(server.db[j].dict);
         used = dictSize(server.db[j].dict);
         vkeys = dictSize(server.db[j].expires);
-        if (!(loops % 5) && (used || vkeys)) {
+        if (!(loops % 50) && (used || vkeys)) {
             redisLog(REDIS_VERBOSE,"DB %d: %lld keys (%lld volatile) in %lld slots HT.",j,used,vkeys,size);
             /* dictPrintStats(server.dict); */
         }
@@ -1207,10 +1294,10 @@ static int serverCron(struct aeEventLoop *eventLoop, long long id, void *clientD
      * if we resize the HT while there is the saving child at work actually
      * a lot of memory movements in the parent will cause a lot of pages
      * copied. */
-    if (server.bgsavechildpid == -1) tryResizeHashTables();
+    if (server.bgsavechildpid == -1 && !(loops % 10)) tryResizeHashTables();
 
     /* Show information about connected clients */
-    if (!(loops % 5)) {
+    if (!(loops % 50)) {
         redisLog(REDIS_VERBOSE,"%d clients connected (%d slaves), %zu bytes in use, %d shared objects",
             listLength(server.clients)-listLength(server.slaves),
             listLength(server.slaves),
@@ -1219,7 +1306,7 @@ static int serverCron(struct aeEventLoop *eventLoop, long long id, void *clientD
     }
 
     /* Close connections of timedout clients */
-    if ((server.maxidletime && !(loops % 10)) || server.blpop_blocked_clients)
+    if ((server.maxidletime && !(loops % 100)) || server.blpop_blocked_clients)
         closeTimedoutClients();
 
     /* Check if a background saving or AOF rewrite in progress terminated */
@@ -1277,6 +1364,7 @@ static int serverCron(struct aeEventLoop *eventLoop, long long id, void *clientD
                 if (now > t) {
                     deleteKey(db,dictGetEntryKey(de));
                     expired++;
+                    server.stat_expiredkeys++;
                 }
             }
         } while (expired > REDIS_EXPIRELOOKUPS_PER_CRON/4);
@@ -1294,7 +1382,7 @@ static int serverCron(struct aeEventLoop *eventLoop, long long id, void *clientD
             retval = (server.vm_max_threads == 0) ?
                         vmSwapOneObjectBlocking() :
                         vmSwapOneObjectThreaded();
-            if (retval == REDIS_ERR && (loops % 30) == 0 &&
+            if (retval == REDIS_ERR && !(loops % 300) &&
                 zmalloc_used_memory() >
                 (server.vm_max_memory+server.vm_max_memory/10))
             {
@@ -1309,13 +1397,13 @@ static int serverCron(struct aeEventLoop *eventLoop, long long id, void *clientD
     }
 
     /* Check if we should connect to a MASTER */
-    if (server.replstate == REDIS_REPL_CONNECT) {
+    if (server.replstate == REDIS_REPL_CONNECT && !(loops % 10)) {
         redisLog(REDIS_NOTICE,"Connecting to MASTER...");
         if (syncWithMaster() == REDIS_OK) {
             redisLog(REDIS_NOTICE,"MASTER <-> SLAVE sync succeeded");
         }
     }
-    return 1000;
+    return 100;
 }
 
 /* This function gets called every time Redis is entering the
@@ -1415,9 +1503,9 @@ static void initServerConfig() {
     server.lastfsync = time(NULL);
     server.appendfd = -1;
     server.appendseldb = -1; /* Make sure the first time will not match */
-    server.pidfile = "/var/run/redis.pid";
-    server.dbfilename = "dump.rdb";
-    server.appendfilename = "appendonly.aof";
+    server.pidfile = zstrdup("/var/run/redis.pid");
+    server.dbfilename = zstrdup("dump.rdb");
+    server.appendfilename = zstrdup("appendonly.aof");
     server.requirepass = NULL;
     server.shareobjects = 0;
     server.rdbcompression = 1;
@@ -1432,6 +1520,8 @@ static void initServerConfig() {
     server.vm_max_memory = 1024LL*1024*1024*1; /* 1 GB of RAM */
     server.vm_max_threads = 4;
     server.vm_blocked_clients = 0;
+    server.hash_max_zipmap_entries = REDIS_HASH_MAX_ZIPMAP_ENTRIES;
+    server.hash_max_zipmap_value = REDIS_HASH_MAX_ZIPMAP_VALUE;
 
     resetServerSaveParams();
 
@@ -1479,7 +1569,7 @@ static void initServer() {
         exit(1);
     }
     for (j = 0; j < server.dbnum; j++) {
-        server.db[j].dict = dictCreate(&hashDictType,NULL);
+        server.db[j].dict = dictCreate(&dbDictType,NULL);
         server.db[j].expires = dictCreate(&keyptrDictType,NULL);
         server.db[j].blockingkeys = dictCreate(&keylistDictType,NULL);
         if (server.vm_enabled)
@@ -1494,6 +1584,7 @@ static void initServer() {
     server.dirty = 0;
     server.stat_numcommands = 0;
     server.stat_numconnections = 0;
+    server.stat_expiredkeys = 0;
     server.stat_starttime = time(NULL);
     server.unixtime = time(NULL);
     aeCreateTimeEvent(server.el, 1, serverCron, NULL, NULL);
@@ -1538,12 +1629,15 @@ static void loadServerConfig(char *filename) {
     char buf[REDIS_CONFIGLINE_MAX+1], *err = NULL;
     int linenum = 0;
     sds line = NULL;
+    char *errormsg = "Fatal error, can't open config file '%s'";
+    char *errorbuf = zmalloc(sizeof(char)*(strlen(errormsg)+strlen(filename)));
+    sprintf(errorbuf, errormsg, filename);
 
     if (filename[0] == '-' && filename[1] == '\0')
         fp = stdin;
     else {
         if ((fp = fopen(filename,"r")) == NULL) {
-            redisLog(REDIS_WARNING,"Fatal error, can't open config file");
+            redisLog(REDIS_WARNING, errorbuf);
             exit(1);
         }
     }
@@ -1625,6 +1719,8 @@ static void loadServerConfig(char *filename) {
             if (server.dbnum < 1) {
                 err = "Invalid number of databases"; goto loaderr;
             }
+        } else if (!strcasecmp(argv[0],"include") && argc == 2) {
+            loadServerConfig(argv[1]);
         } else if (!strcasecmp(argv[0],"maxclients") && argc == 2) {
             server.maxclients = atoi(argv[1]);
         } else if (!strcasecmp(argv[0],"maxmemory") && argc == 2) {
@@ -1674,8 +1770,10 @@ static void loadServerConfig(char *filename) {
         } else if (!strcasecmp(argv[0],"requirepass") && argc == 2) {
             server.requirepass = zstrdup(argv[1]);
         } else if (!strcasecmp(argv[0],"pidfile") && argc == 2) {
+            zfree(server.pidfile);
             server.pidfile = zstrdup(argv[1]);
         } else if (!strcasecmp(argv[0],"dbfilename") && argc == 2) {
+            zfree(server.dbfilename);
             server.dbfilename = zstrdup(argv[1]);
         } else if (!strcasecmp(argv[0],"vm-enabled") && argc == 2) {
             if ((server.vm_enabled = yesnotoi(argv[1])) == -1) {
@@ -1692,6 +1790,12 @@ static void loadServerConfig(char *filename) {
             server.vm_pages = strtoll(argv[1], NULL, 10);
         } else if (!strcasecmp(argv[0],"vm-max-threads") && argc == 2) {
             server.vm_max_threads = strtoll(argv[1], NULL, 10);
+        } else if (!strcasecmp(argv[0],"hash-max-zipmap-entries") && argc == 2){
+            server.hash_max_zipmap_entries = strtol(argv[1], NULL, 10);
+        } else if (!strcasecmp(argv[0],"hash-max-zipmap-value") && argc == 2){
+            server.hash_max_zipmap_value = strtol(argv[1], NULL, 10);
+        } else if (!strcasecmp(argv[0],"vm-max-threads") && argc == 2) {
+            server.vm_max_threads = strtoll(argv[1], NULL, 10);
         } else {
             err = "Bad directive or wrong number of arguments"; goto loaderr;
         }
@@ -1973,9 +2077,9 @@ static void call(redisClient *c, struct redisCommand *cmd) {
     if (server.appendonly && server.dirty-dirty)
         feedAppendOnlyFile(cmd,c->db->id,c->argv,c->argc);
     if (server.dirty-dirty && listLength(server.slaves))
-        replicationFeedSlaves(server.slaves,cmd,c->db->id,c->argv,c->argc);
+        replicationFeedSlaves(server.slaves,c->db->id,c->argv,c->argc);
     if (listLength(server.monitors))
-        replicationFeedSlaves(server.monitors,cmd,c->db->id,c->argv,c->argc);
+        replicationFeedSlaves(server.monitors,c->db->id,c->argv,c->argc);
     server.stat_numcommands++;
 }
 
@@ -2085,10 +2189,6 @@ static int processCommand(redisClient *c) {
                 cmd->name));
         resetClient(c);
         return 1;
-    } else if (server.maxmemory && cmd->flags & REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM && zmalloc_used_memory() > server.maxmemory) {
-        addReplySds(c,sdsnew("-ERR command not allowed when used memory > 'maxmemory'\r\n"));
-        resetClient(c);
-        return 1;
     } else if (cmd->flags & REDIS_CMD_BULK && c->bulklen == -1) {
         /* This is a bulk command, we have to read the last argument yet. */
         int bulklen = atoi(c->argv[c->argc-1]->ptr);
@@ -2134,8 +2234,17 @@ static int processCommand(redisClient *c) {
         return 1;
     }
 
+    /* Handle the maxmemory directive */
+    if (server.maxmemory && (cmd->flags & REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM) &&
+        zmalloc_used_memory() > server.maxmemory)
+    {
+        addReplySds(c,sdsnew("-ERR command not allowed when used memory > 'maxmemory'\r\n"));
+        resetClient(c);
+        return 1;
+    }
+
     /* Exec the command */
-    if (c->flags & REDIS_MULTI && cmd->proc != execCommand) {
+    if (c->flags & REDIS_MULTI && cmd->proc != execCommand && cmd->proc != discardCommand) {
         queueMultiCommand(c,cmd);
         addReply(c,shared.queued);
     } else {
@@ -2149,34 +2258,36 @@ static int processCommand(redisClient *c) {
     return 1;
 }
 
-static void replicationFeedSlaves(list *slaves, struct redisCommand *cmd, int dictid, robj **argv, int argc) {
+static void replicationFeedSlaves(list *slaves, int dictid, robj **argv, int argc) {
     listNode *ln;
     listIter li;
     int outc = 0, j;
     robj **outv;
-    /* (args*2)+1 is enough room for args, spaces, newlines */
-    robj *static_outv[REDIS_STATIC_ARGS*2+1];
+    /* We need 1+(ARGS*3) objects since commands are using the new protocol
+     * and we one 1 object for the first "*<count>\r\n" multibulk count, then
+     * for every additional object we have "$<count>\r\n" + object + "\r\n". */
+    robj *static_outv[REDIS_STATIC_ARGS*3+1];
+    robj *lenobj;
 
     if (argc <= REDIS_STATIC_ARGS) {
         outv = static_outv;
     } else {
-        outv = zmalloc(sizeof(robj*)*(argc*2+1));
+        outv = zmalloc(sizeof(robj*)*(argc*3+1));
     }
-    
-    for (j = 0; j < argc; j++) {
-        if (j != 0) outv[outc++] = shared.space;
-        if ((cmd->flags & REDIS_CMD_BULK) && j == argc-1) {
-            robj *lenobj;
 
-            lenobj = createObject(REDIS_STRING,
-                sdscatprintf(sdsempty(),"%lu\r\n",
-                    (unsigned long) stringObjectLen(argv[j])));
-            lenobj->refcount = 0;
-            outv[outc++] = lenobj;
-        }
+    lenobj = createObject(REDIS_STRING,
+            sdscatprintf(sdsempty(), "*%d\r\n", argc));
+    lenobj->refcount = 0;
+    outv[outc++] = lenobj;
+    for (j = 0; j < argc; j++) {
+        lenobj = createObject(REDIS_STRING,
+            sdscatprintf(sdsempty(),"$%lu\r\n",
+                (unsigned long) stringObjectLen(argv[j])));
+        lenobj->refcount = 0;
+        outv[outc++] = lenobj;
         outv[outc++] = argv[j];
+        outv[outc++] = shared.crlf;
     }
-    outv[outc++] = shared.crlf;
 
     /* Increment all the refcounts at start and decrement at end in order to
      * be sure to free objects if there is no slave in a replication state
@@ -2340,7 +2451,7 @@ static int selectDb(redisClient *c, int id) {
 
 static void *dupClientReplyValue(void *o) {
     incrRefCount((robj*)o);
-    return 0;
+    return o;
 }
 
 static redisClient *createClient(int fd) {
@@ -2408,6 +2519,36 @@ static void addReplyDouble(redisClient *c, double d) {
         (unsigned long) strlen(buf),buf));
 }
 
+static void addReplyLong(redisClient *c, long l) {
+    char buf[128];
+    size_t len;
+
+    if (l == 0) {
+        addReply(c,shared.czero);
+        return;
+    } else if (l == 1) {
+        addReply(c,shared.cone);
+        return;
+    }
+    len = snprintf(buf,sizeof(buf),":%ld\r\n",l);
+    addReplySds(c,sdsnewlen(buf,len));
+}
+
+static void addReplyUlong(redisClient *c, unsigned long ul) {
+    char buf[128];
+    size_t len;
+
+    if (ul == 0) {
+        addReply(c,shared.czero);
+        return;
+    } else if (ul == 1) {
+        addReply(c,shared.cone);
+        return;
+    }
+    len = snprintf(buf,sizeof(buf),":%lu\r\n",ul);
+    addReplySds(c,sdsnewlen(buf,len));
+}
+
 static void addReplyBulkLen(redisClient *c, robj *obj) {
     size_t len;
 
@@ -2429,6 +2570,23 @@ static void addReplyBulkLen(redisClient *c, robj *obj) {
     addReplySds(c,sdscatprintf(sdsempty(),"$%lu\r\n",(unsigned long)len));
 }
 
+static void addReplyBulk(redisClient *c, robj *obj) {
+    addReplyBulkLen(c,obj);
+    addReply(c,obj);
+    addReply(c,shared.crlf);
+}
+
+/* In the CONFIG command we need to add vanilla C string as bulk replies */
+static void addReplyBulkCString(redisClient *c, char *s) {
+    if (s == NULL) {
+        addReply(c,shared.nullbulk);
+    } else {
+        robj *o = createStringObject(s,strlen(s));
+        addReplyBulk(c,o);
+        decrRefCount(o);
+    }
+}
+
 static void acceptHandler(aeEventLoop *el, int fd, void *privdata, int mask) {
     int cport, cfd;
     char cip[128];
@@ -2520,6 +2678,16 @@ static robj *createSetObject(void) {
     return createObject(REDIS_SET,d);
 }
 
+static robj *createHashObject(void) {
+    /* All the Hashes start as zipmaps. Will be automatically converted
+     * into hash tables if there are enough elements or big elements
+     * inside. */
+    unsigned char *zm = zipmapNew();
+    robj *o = createObject(REDIS_HASH,zm);
+    o->encoding = REDIS_ENCODING_ZIPMAP;
+    return o;
+}
+
 static robj *createZsetObject(void) {
     zset *zs = zmalloc(sizeof(*zs));
 
@@ -2551,7 +2719,17 @@ static void freeZsetObject(robj *o) {
 }
 
 static void freeHashObject(robj *o) {
-    dictRelease((dict*) o->ptr);
+    switch (o->encoding) {
+    case REDIS_ENCODING_HT:
+        dictRelease((dict*) o->ptr);
+        break;
+    case REDIS_ENCODING_ZIPMAP:
+        zfree(o->ptr);
+        break;
+    default:
+        redisAssert(0);
+        break;
+    }
 }
 
 static void incrRefCount(robj *o) {
@@ -2592,7 +2770,7 @@ static void decrRefCount(void *obj) {
         case REDIS_SET: freeSetObject(o); break;
         case REDIS_ZSET: freeZsetObject(o); break;
         case REDIS_HASH: freeHashObject(o); break;
-        default: redisAssert(0 != 0); break;
+        default: redisAssert(0); break;
         }
         if (server.vm_enabled) pthread_mutex_lock(&server.obj_freelist_mutex);
         if (listLength(server.objfreelist) > REDIS_OBJFREELIST_MAX ||
@@ -2647,6 +2825,26 @@ static robj *lookupKeyWrite(redisDb *db, robj *key) {
     return lookupKey(db,key);
 }
 
+static robj *lookupKeyReadOrReply(redisClient *c, robj *key, robj *reply) {
+    robj *o = lookupKeyRead(c->db, key);
+    if (!o) addReply(c,reply);
+    return o;
+}
+
+static robj *lookupKeyWriteOrReply(redisClient *c, robj *key, robj *reply) {
+    robj *o = lookupKeyWrite(c->db, key);
+    if (!o) addReply(c,reply);
+    return o;
+}
+
+static int checkType(redisClient *c, robj *o, int type) {
+    if (o->type != type) {
+        addReply(c,shared.wrongtypeerr);
+        return 1;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
 static int deleteKey(redisDb *db, robj *key) {
     int retval;
 
@@ -2856,7 +3054,7 @@ static int rdbSaveLen(FILE *fp, uint32_t len) {
 /* String objects in the form "2391" "-100" without any space and with a
  * range of values that can fit in an 8, 16 or 32 bit signed value can be
  * encoded as integers to save space */
-static int rdbTryIntegerEncoding(sds s, unsigned char *enc) {
+static int rdbTryIntegerEncoding(char *s, size_t len, unsigned char *enc) {
     long long value;
     char *endptr, buf[32];
 
@@ -2867,7 +3065,7 @@ static int rdbTryIntegerEncoding(sds s, unsigned char *enc) {
 
     /* If the number converted back into a string is not identical
      * then it's not possible to encode the string as integer */
-    if (strlen(buf) != sdslen(s) || memcmp(buf,s,sdslen(s))) return 0;
+    if (strlen(buf) != len || memcmp(buf,s,len)) return 0;
 
     /* Finally check if it fits in our ranges */
     if (value >= -(1<<7) && value <= (1<<7)-1) {
@@ -2891,16 +3089,16 @@ static int rdbTryIntegerEncoding(sds s, unsigned char *enc) {
     }
 }
 
-static int rdbSaveLzfStringObject(FILE *fp, robj *obj) {
-    unsigned int comprlen, outlen;
+static int rdbSaveLzfStringObject(FILE *fp, unsigned char *s, size_t len) {
+    size_t comprlen, outlen;
     unsigned char byte;
     void *out;
 
     /* We require at least four bytes compression for this to be worth it */
-    outlen = sdslen(obj->ptr)-4;
-    if (outlen <= 0) return 0;
+    if (len <= 4) return 0;
+    outlen = len-4;
     if ((out = zmalloc(outlen+1)) == NULL) return 0;
-    comprlen = lzf_compress(obj->ptr, sdslen(obj->ptr), out, outlen);
+    comprlen = lzf_compress(s, len, out, outlen);
     if (comprlen == 0) {
         zfree(out);
         return 0;
@@ -2909,7 +3107,7 @@ static int rdbSaveLzfStringObject(FILE *fp, robj *obj) {
     byte = (REDIS_RDB_ENCVAL<<6)|REDIS_RDB_ENC_LZF;
     if (fwrite(&byte,1,1,fp) == 0) goto writeerr;
     if (rdbSaveLen(fp,comprlen) == -1) goto writeerr;
-    if (rdbSaveLen(fp,sdslen(obj->ptr)) == -1) goto writeerr;
+    if (rdbSaveLen(fp,len) == -1) goto writeerr;
     if (fwrite(out,comprlen,1,fp) == 0) goto writeerr;
     zfree(out);
     return comprlen;
@@ -2921,16 +3119,13 @@ writeerr:
 
 /* Save a string objet as [len][data] on disk. If the object is a string
  * representation of an integer value we try to safe it in a special form */
-static int rdbSaveStringObjectRaw(FILE *fp, robj *obj) {
-    size_t len;
+static int rdbSaveRawString(FILE *fp, unsigned char *s, size_t len) {
     int enclen;
 
-    len = sdslen(obj->ptr);
-
     /* Try integer encoding */
     if (len <= 11) {
         unsigned char buf[5];
-        if ((enclen = rdbTryIntegerEncoding(obj->ptr,buf)) > 0) {
+        if ((enclen = rdbTryIntegerEncoding((char*)s,len,buf)) > 0) {
             if (fwrite(buf,enclen,1,fp) == 0) return -1;
             return 0;
         }
@@ -2941,7 +3136,7 @@ static int rdbSaveStringObjectRaw(FILE *fp, robj *obj) {
     if (server.rdbcompression && len > 20) {
         int retval;
 
-        retval = rdbSaveLzfStringObject(fp,obj);
+        retval = rdbSaveLzfStringObject(fp,s,len);
         if (retval == -1) return -1;
         if (retval > 0) return 0;
         /* retval == 0 means data can't be compressed, save the old way */
@@ -2949,7 +3144,7 @@ static int rdbSaveStringObjectRaw(FILE *fp, robj *obj) {
 
     /* Store verbatim */
     if (rdbSaveLen(fp,len) == -1) return -1;
-    if (len && fwrite(obj->ptr,len,1,fp) == 0) return -1;
+    if (len && fwrite(s,len,1,fp) == 0) return -1;
     return 0;
 }
 
@@ -2964,10 +3159,10 @@ static int rdbSaveStringObject(FILE *fp, robj *obj) {
      * this in order to avoid bugs) */
     if (obj->encoding != REDIS_ENCODING_RAW) {
         obj = getDecodedObject(obj);
-        retval = rdbSaveStringObjectRaw(fp,obj);
+        retval = rdbSaveRawString(fp,obj->ptr,sdslen(obj->ptr));
         decrRefCount(obj);
     } else {
-        retval = rdbSaveStringObjectRaw(fp,obj);
+        retval = rdbSaveRawString(fp,obj->ptr,sdslen(obj->ptr));
     }
     return retval;
 }
@@ -3045,8 +3240,35 @@ static int rdbSaveObject(FILE *fp, robj *o) {
             if (rdbSaveDoubleValue(fp,*score) == -1) return -1;
         }
         dictReleaseIterator(di);
+    } else if (o->type == REDIS_HASH) {
+        /* Save a hash value */
+        if (o->encoding == REDIS_ENCODING_ZIPMAP) {
+            unsigned char *p = zipmapRewind(o->ptr);
+            unsigned int count = zipmapLen(o->ptr);
+            unsigned char *key, *val;
+            unsigned int klen, vlen;
+
+            if (rdbSaveLen(fp,count) == -1) return -1;
+            while((p = zipmapNext(p,&key,&klen,&val,&vlen)) != NULL) {
+                if (rdbSaveRawString(fp,key,klen) == -1) return -1;
+                if (rdbSaveRawString(fp,val,vlen) == -1) return -1;
+            }
+        } else {
+            dictIterator *di = dictGetIterator(o->ptr);
+            dictEntry *de;
+
+            if (rdbSaveLen(fp,dictSize((dict*)o->ptr)) == -1) return -1;
+            while((de = dictNext(di)) != NULL) {
+                robj *key = dictGetEntryKey(de);
+                robj *val = dictGetEntryVal(de);
+
+                if (rdbSaveStringObject(fp,key) == -1) return -1;
+                if (rdbSaveStringObject(fp,val) == -1) return -1;
+            }
+            dictReleaseIterator(di);
+        }
     } else {
-        redisAssert(0 != 0);
+        redisAssert(0);
     }
     return 0;
 }
@@ -3266,7 +3488,7 @@ static robj *rdbLoadIntegerObject(FILE *fp, int enctype) {
         val = (int32_t)v;
     } else {
         val = 0; /* anti-warning */
-        redisAssert(0!=0);
+        redisAssert(0);
     }
     return createObject(REDIS_STRING,sdscatprintf(sdsempty(),"%lld",val));
 }
@@ -3305,7 +3527,7 @@ static robj *rdbLoadStringObject(FILE*fp) {
         case REDIS_RDB_ENC_LZF:
             return tryObjectSharing(rdbLoadLzfStringObject(fp));
         default:
-            redisAssert(0!=0);
+            redisAssert(0);
         }
     }
 
@@ -3341,6 +3563,7 @@ static int rdbLoadDoubleValue(FILE *fp, double *val) {
 static robj *rdbLoadObject(int type, FILE *fp) {
     robj *o;
 
+    redisLog(REDIS_DEBUG,"LOADING OBJECT %d (at %d)\n",type,ftell(fp));
     if (type == REDIS_STRING) {
         /* Read string value */
         if ((o = rdbLoadStringObject(fp)) == NULL) return NULL;
@@ -3369,7 +3592,7 @@ static robj *rdbLoadObject(int type, FILE *fp) {
         }
     } else if (type == REDIS_ZSET) {
         /* Read list/set value */
-        uint32_t zsetlen;
+        size_t zsetlen;
         zset *zs;
 
         if ((zsetlen = rdbLoadLen(fp,NULL)) == REDIS_RDB_LENERR) return NULL;
@@ -3387,8 +3610,46 @@ static robj *rdbLoadObject(int type, FILE *fp) {
             zslInsert(zs->zsl,*score,ele);
             incrRefCount(ele); /* added to skiplist */
         }
+    } else if (type == REDIS_HASH) {
+        size_t hashlen;
+
+        if ((hashlen = rdbLoadLen(fp,NULL)) == REDIS_RDB_LENERR) return NULL;
+        o = createHashObject();
+        /* Too many entries? Use an hash table. */
+        if (hashlen > server.hash_max_zipmap_entries)
+            convertToRealHash(o);
+        /* Load every key/value, then set it into the zipmap or hash
+         * table, as needed. */
+        while(hashlen--) {
+            robj *key, *val;
+
+            if ((key = rdbLoadStringObject(fp)) == NULL) return NULL;
+            if ((val = rdbLoadStringObject(fp)) == NULL) return NULL;
+            /* If we are using a zipmap and there are too big values
+             * the object is converted to real hash table encoding. */
+            if (o->encoding != REDIS_ENCODING_HT &&
+               (sdslen(key->ptr) > server.hash_max_zipmap_value ||
+                sdslen(val->ptr) > server.hash_max_zipmap_value))
+            {
+                    convertToRealHash(o);
+            }
+
+            if (o->encoding == REDIS_ENCODING_ZIPMAP) {
+                unsigned char *zm = o->ptr;
+
+                zm = zipmapSet(zm,key->ptr,sdslen(key->ptr),
+                                  val->ptr,sdslen(val->ptr),NULL);
+                o->ptr = zm;
+                decrRefCount(key);
+                decrRefCount(val);
+            } else {
+                tryObjectEncoding(key);
+                tryObjectEncoding(val);
+                dictAdd((dict*)o->ptr,key,val);
+            }
+        }
     } else {
-        redisAssert(0 != 0);
+        redisAssert(0);
     }
     return o;
 }
@@ -3495,9 +3756,7 @@ static void pingCommand(redisClient *c) {
 }
 
 static void echoCommand(redisClient *c) {
-    addReplyBulkLen(c,c->argv[1]);
-    addReply(c,c->argv[1]);
-    addReply(c,shared.crlf);
+    addReplyBulk(c,c->argv[1]);
 }
 
 /*=================================== Strings =============================== */
@@ -3513,7 +3772,7 @@ static void setGenericCommand(redisClient *c, int nx) {
              * to overwrite the old. So we delete the old key in the database.
              * This will also make sure that swap pages about the old object
              * will be marked as free. */
-            if (deleteIfSwapped(c->db,c->argv[1]))
+            if (server.vm_enabled && deleteIfSwapped(c->db,c->argv[1]))
                 incrRefCount(c->argv[1]);
             dictReplace(c->db->dict,c->argv[1],c->argv[2]);
             incrRefCount(c->argv[2]);
@@ -3539,21 +3798,17 @@ static void setnxCommand(redisClient *c) {
 }
 
 static int getGenericCommand(redisClient *c) {
-    robj *o = lookupKeyRead(c->db,c->argv[1]);
-
-    if (o == NULL) {
-        addReply(c,shared.nullbulk);
+    robj *o;
+    
+    if ((o = lookupKeyReadOrReply(c,c->argv[1],shared.nullbulk)) == NULL)
         return REDIS_OK;
+
+    if (o->type != REDIS_STRING) {
+        addReply(c,shared.wrongtypeerr);
+        return REDIS_ERR;
     } else {
-        if (o->type != REDIS_STRING) {
-            addReply(c,shared.wrongtypeerr);
-            return REDIS_ERR;
-        } else {
-            addReplyBulkLen(c,o);
-            addReply(c,o);
-            addReply(c,shared.crlf);
-            return REDIS_OK;
-        }
+        addReplyBulk(c,o);
+        return REDIS_OK;
     }
 }
 
@@ -3585,9 +3840,7 @@ static void mgetCommand(redisClient *c) {
             if (o->type != REDIS_STRING) {
                 addReply(c,shared.nullbulk);
             } else {
-                addReplyBulkLen(c,o);
-                addReply(c,o);
-                addReply(c,shared.crlf);
+                addReplyBulk(c,o);
             }
         }
     }
@@ -3743,6 +3996,43 @@ static void appendCommand(redisClient *c) {
     addReplySds(c,sdscatprintf(sdsempty(),":%lu\r\n",(unsigned long)totlen));
 }
 
+static void substrCommand(redisClient *c) {
+    robj *o;
+    long start = atoi(c->argv[2]->ptr);
+    long end = atoi(c->argv[3]->ptr);
+    size_t rangelen, strlen;
+    sds range;
+
+    if ((o = lookupKeyReadOrReply(c,c->argv[1],shared.nullbulk)) == NULL ||
+        checkType(c,o,REDIS_STRING)) return;
+
+    o = getDecodedObject(o);
+    strlen = sdslen(o->ptr);
+
+    /* convert negative indexes */
+    if (start < 0) start = strlen+start;
+    if (end < 0) end = strlen+end;
+    if (start < 0) start = 0;
+    if (end < 0) end = 0;
+
+    /* indexes sanity checks */
+    if (start > end || (size_t)start >= strlen) {
+        /* Out of range start or start > end result in null reply */
+        addReply(c,shared.nullbulk);
+        decrRefCount(o);
+        return;
+    }
+    if ((size_t)end >= strlen) end = strlen-1;
+    rangelen = (end-start)+1;
+
+    /* Return the result */
+    addReplySds(c,sdscatprintf(sdsempty(),"$%zu\r\n",rangelen));
+    range = sdsnewlen((char*)o->ptr+start,rangelen);
+    addReplySds(c,range);
+    addReply(c,shared.crlf);
+    decrRefCount(o);
+}
+
 /* ========================= Type agnostic commands ========================= */
 
 static void delCommand(redisClient *c) {
@@ -3754,17 +4044,7 @@ static void delCommand(redisClient *c) {
             deleted++;
         }
     }
-    switch(deleted) {
-    case 0:
-        addReply(c,shared.czero);
-        break;
-    case 1:
-        addReply(c,shared.cone);
-        break;
-    default:
-        addReplySds(c,sdscatprintf(sdsempty(),":%d\r\n",deleted));
-        break;
-    }
+    addReplyLong(c,deleted);
 }
 
 static void existsCommand(redisClient *c) {
@@ -3803,7 +4083,7 @@ static void keysCommand(redisClient *c) {
     dictEntry *de;
     sds pattern = c->argv[1]->ptr;
     int plen = sdslen(pattern);
-    unsigned long numkeys = 0, keyslen = 0;
+    unsigned long numkeys = 0;
     robj *lenobj = createObject(REDIS_STRING,NULL);
 
     di = dictGetIterator(c->db->dict);
@@ -3816,17 +4096,13 @@ static void keysCommand(redisClient *c) {
         if ((pattern[0] == '*' && pattern[1] == '\0') ||
             stringmatchlen(pattern,plen,key,sdslen(key),0)) {
             if (expireIfNeeded(c->db,keyobj) == 0) {
-                if (numkeys != 0)
-                    addReply(c,shared.space);
-                addReply(c,keyobj);
+                addReplyBulk(c,keyobj);
                 numkeys++;
-                keyslen += sdslen(key);
             }
         }
     }
     dictReleaseIterator(di);
-    lenobj->ptr = sdscatprintf(sdsempty(),"$%lu\r\n",keyslen+(numkeys ? (numkeys-1) : 0));
-    addReply(c,shared.crlf);
+    lenobj->ptr = sdscatprintf(sdsempty(),"*%lu\r\n",numkeys);
 }
 
 static void dbsizeCommand(redisClient *c) {
@@ -3852,7 +4128,8 @@ static void typeCommand(redisClient *c) {
         case REDIS_LIST: type = "+list"; break;
         case REDIS_SET: type = "+set"; break;
         case REDIS_ZSET: type = "+zset"; break;
-        default: type = "unknown"; break;
+        case REDIS_HASH: type = "+hash"; break;
+        default: type = "+unknown"; break;
         }
     }
     addReplySds(c,sdsnew(type));
@@ -3909,12 +4186,14 @@ static void shutdownCommand(redisClient *c) {
             if (server.vm_enabled) unlink(server.vm_swap_file);
             exit(0);
         } else {
-            /* Ooops.. error saving! The best we can do is to continue operating.
-             * Note that if there was a background saving process, in the next
-             * cron() Redis will be notified that the background saving aborted,
-             * handling special stuff like slaves pending for synchronization... */
+            /* Ooops.. error saving! The best we can do is to continue
+             * operating. Note that if there was a background saving process,
+             * in the next cron() Redis will be notified that the background
+             * saving aborted, handling special stuff like slaves pending for
+             * synchronization... */
             redisLog(REDIS_WARNING,"Error trying to save the DB, can't exit"); 
-            addReplySds(c,sdsnew("-ERR can't quit, problems saving the DB\r\n"));
+            addReplySds(c,
+                sdsnew("-ERR can't quit, problems saving the DB\r\n"));
         }
     }
 }
@@ -3928,11 +4207,9 @@ static void renameGenericCommand(redisClient *c, int nx) {
         return;
     }
 
-    o = lookupKeyWrite(c->db,c->argv[1]);
-    if (o == NULL) {
-        addReply(c,shared.nokeyerr);
+    if ((o = lookupKeyWriteOrReply(c,c->argv[1],shared.nokeyerr)) == NULL)
         return;
-    }
+
     incrRefCount(o);
     deleteIfVolatile(c->db,c->argv[2]);
     if (dictAdd(c->db->dict,c->argv[2],o) == DICT_ERR) {
@@ -4010,7 +4287,7 @@ static void pushGenericCommand(redisClient *c, int where) {
     lobj = lookupKeyWrite(c->db,c->argv[1]);
     if (lobj == NULL) {
         if (handleClientsWaitingListPush(c,c->argv[1],c->argv[2])) {
-            addReply(c,shared.ok);
+            addReply(c,shared.cone);
             return;
         }
         lobj = createListObject();
@@ -4029,7 +4306,7 @@ static void pushGenericCommand(redisClient *c, int where) {
             return;
         }
         if (handleClientsWaitingListPush(c,c->argv[1],c->argv[2])) {
-            addReply(c,shared.ok);
+            addReply(c,shared.cone);
             return;
         }
         list = lobj->ptr;
@@ -4041,7 +4318,7 @@ static void pushGenericCommand(redisClient *c, int where) {
         incrRefCount(c->argv[2]);
     }
     server.dirty++;
-    addReply(c,shared.ok);
+    addReplySds(c,sdscatprintf(sdsempty(),":%d\r\n",listLength(list)));
 }
 
 static void lpushCommand(redisClient *c) {
@@ -4055,107 +4332,79 @@ static void rpushCommand(redisClient *c) {
 static void llenCommand(redisClient *c) {
     robj *o;
     list *l;
+
+    if ((o = lookupKeyReadOrReply(c,c->argv[1],shared.czero)) == NULL ||
+        checkType(c,o,REDIS_LIST)) return;
     
-    o = lookupKeyRead(c->db,c->argv[1]);
-    if (o == NULL) {
-        addReply(c,shared.czero);
-        return;
-    } else {
-        if (o->type != REDIS_LIST) {
-            addReply(c,shared.wrongtypeerr);
-        } else {
-            l = o->ptr;
-            addReplySds(c,sdscatprintf(sdsempty(),":%d\r\n",listLength(l)));
-        }
-    }
+    l = o->ptr;
+    addReplyUlong(c,listLength(l));
 }
 
 static void lindexCommand(redisClient *c) {
     robj *o;
     int index = atoi(c->argv[2]->ptr);
-    
-    o = lookupKeyRead(c->db,c->argv[1]);
-    if (o == NULL) {
+    list *list;
+    listNode *ln;
+
+    if ((o = lookupKeyReadOrReply(c,c->argv[1],shared.nullbulk)) == NULL ||
+        checkType(c,o,REDIS_LIST)) return;
+    list = o->ptr;
+
+    ln = listIndex(list, index);
+    if (ln == NULL) {
         addReply(c,shared.nullbulk);
     } else {
-        if (o->type != REDIS_LIST) {
-            addReply(c,shared.wrongtypeerr);
-        } else {
-            list *list = o->ptr;
-            listNode *ln;
-            
-            ln = listIndex(list, index);
-            if (ln == NULL) {
-                addReply(c,shared.nullbulk);
-            } else {
-                robj *ele = listNodeValue(ln);
-                addReplyBulkLen(c,ele);
-                addReply(c,ele);
-                addReply(c,shared.crlf);
-            }
-        }
+        robj *ele = listNodeValue(ln);
+        addReplyBulk(c,ele);
     }
 }
 
 static void lsetCommand(redisClient *c) {
     robj *o;
     int index = atoi(c->argv[2]->ptr);
-    
-    o = lookupKeyWrite(c->db,c->argv[1]);
-    if (o == NULL) {
-        addReply(c,shared.nokeyerr);
+    list *list;
+    listNode *ln;
+
+    if ((o = lookupKeyWriteOrReply(c,c->argv[1],shared.nokeyerr)) == NULL ||
+        checkType(c,o,REDIS_LIST)) return;
+    list = o->ptr;
+
+    ln = listIndex(list, index);
+    if (ln == NULL) {
+        addReply(c,shared.outofrangeerr);
     } else {
-        if (o->type != REDIS_LIST) {
-            addReply(c,shared.wrongtypeerr);
-        } else {
-            list *list = o->ptr;
-            listNode *ln;
-            
-            ln = listIndex(list, index);
-            if (ln == NULL) {
-                addReply(c,shared.outofrangeerr);
-            } else {
-                robj *ele = listNodeValue(ln);
+        robj *ele = listNodeValue(ln);
 
-                decrRefCount(ele);
-                listNodeValue(ln) = c->argv[3];
-                incrRefCount(c->argv[3]);
-                addReply(c,shared.ok);
-                server.dirty++;
-            }
-        }
+        decrRefCount(ele);
+        listNodeValue(ln) = c->argv[3];
+        incrRefCount(c->argv[3]);
+        addReply(c,shared.ok);
+        server.dirty++;
     }
 }
 
 static void popGenericCommand(redisClient *c, int where) {
     robj *o;
+    list *list;
+    listNode *ln;
 
-    o = lookupKeyWrite(c->db,c->argv[1]);
-    if (o == NULL) {
-        addReply(c,shared.nullbulk);
-    } else {
-        if (o->type != REDIS_LIST) {
-            addReply(c,shared.wrongtypeerr);
-        } else {
-            list *list = o->ptr;
-            listNode *ln;
+    if ((o = lookupKeyWriteOrReply(c,c->argv[1],shared.nullbulk)) == NULL ||
+        checkType(c,o,REDIS_LIST)) return;
+    list = o->ptr;
 
-            if (where == REDIS_HEAD)
-                ln = listFirst(list);
-            else
-                ln = listLast(list);
+    if (where == REDIS_HEAD)
+        ln = listFirst(list);
+    else
+        ln = listLast(list);
 
-            if (ln == NULL) {
-                addReply(c,shared.nullbulk);
-            } else {
-                robj *ele = listNodeValue(ln);
-                addReplyBulkLen(c,ele);
-                addReply(c,ele);
-                addReply(c,shared.crlf);
-                listDelNode(list,ln);
-                server.dirty++;
-            }
-        }
+    if (ln == NULL) {
+        addReply(c,shared.nullbulk);
+    } else {
+        robj *ele = listNodeValue(ln);
+        addReplyBulk(c,ele);
+        listDelNode(list,ln);
+        if (listLength(list) == 0) deleteKey(c->db,c->argv[1]);
+        server.dirty++;
     }
 }
 
@@ -4171,46 +4420,39 @@ static void lrangeCommand(redisClient *c) {
     robj *o;
     int start = atoi(c->argv[2]->ptr);
     int end = atoi(c->argv[3]->ptr);
+    int llen;
+    int rangelen, j;
+    list *list;
+    listNode *ln;
+    robj *ele;
+
+    if ((o = lookupKeyReadOrReply(c,c->argv[1],shared.nullmultibulk)) == NULL ||
+        checkType(c,o,REDIS_LIST)) return;
+    list = o->ptr;
+    llen = listLength(list);
+
+    /* convert negative indexes */
+    if (start < 0) start = llen+start;
+    if (end < 0) end = llen+end;
+    if (start < 0) start = 0;
+    if (end < 0) end = 0;
+
+    /* indexes sanity checks */
+    if (start > end || start >= llen) {
+        /* Out of range start or start > end result in empty list */
+        addReply(c,shared.emptymultibulk);
+        return;
+    }
+    if (end >= llen) end = llen-1;
+    rangelen = (end-start)+1;
 
-    o = lookupKeyRead(c->db,c->argv[1]);
-    if (o == NULL) {
-        addReply(c,shared.nullmultibulk);
-    } else {
-        if (o->type != REDIS_LIST) {
-            addReply(c,shared.wrongtypeerr);
-        } else {
-            list *list = o->ptr;
-            listNode *ln;
-            int llen = listLength(list);
-            int rangelen, j;
-            robj *ele;
-
-            /* convert negative indexes */
-            if (start < 0) start = llen+start;
-            if (end < 0) end = llen+end;
-            if (start < 0) start = 0;
-            if (end < 0) end = 0;
-
-            /* indexes sanity checks */
-            if (start > end || start >= llen) {
-                /* Out of range start or start > end result in empty list */
-                addReply(c,shared.emptymultibulk);
-                return;
-            }
-            if (end >= llen) end = llen-1;
-            rangelen = (end-start)+1;
-
-            /* Return the result in form of a multi-bulk reply */
-            ln = listIndex(list, start);
-            addReplySds(c,sdscatprintf(sdsempty(),"*%d\r\n",rangelen));
-            for (j = 0; j < rangelen; j++) {
-                ele = listNodeValue(ln);
-                addReplyBulkLen(c,ele);
-                addReply(c,ele);
-                addReply(c,shared.crlf);
-                ln = ln->next;
-            }
-        }
+    /* Return the result in form of a multi-bulk reply */
+    ln = listIndex(list, start);
+    addReplySds(c,sdscatprintf(sdsempty(),"*%d\r\n",rangelen));
+    for (j = 0; j < rangelen; j++) {
+        ele = listNodeValue(ln);
+        addReplyBulk(c,ele);
+        ln = ln->next;
     }
 }
 
@@ -4218,87 +4460,78 @@ static void ltrimCommand(redisClient *c) {
     robj *o;
     int start = atoi(c->argv[2]->ptr);
     int end = atoi(c->argv[3]->ptr);
-    
-    o = lookupKeyWrite(c->db,c->argv[1]);
-    if (o == NULL) {
-        addReply(c,shared.ok);
+    int llen;
+    int j, ltrim, rtrim;
+    list *list;
+    listNode *ln;
+
+    if ((o = lookupKeyWriteOrReply(c,c->argv[1],shared.ok)) == NULL ||
+        checkType(c,o,REDIS_LIST)) return;
+    list = o->ptr;
+    llen = listLength(list);
+
+    /* convert negative indexes */
+    if (start < 0) start = llen+start;
+    if (end < 0) end = llen+end;
+    if (start < 0) start = 0;
+    if (end < 0) end = 0;
+
+    /* indexes sanity checks */
+    if (start > end || start >= llen) {
+        /* Out of range start or start > end result in empty list */
+        ltrim = llen;
+        rtrim = 0;
     } else {
-        if (o->type != REDIS_LIST) {
-            addReply(c,shared.wrongtypeerr);
-        } else {
-            list *list = o->ptr;
-            listNode *ln;
-            int llen = listLength(list);
-            int j, ltrim, rtrim;
-
-            /* convert negative indexes */
-            if (start < 0) start = llen+start;
-            if (end < 0) end = llen+end;
-            if (start < 0) start = 0;
-            if (end < 0) end = 0;
-
-            /* indexes sanity checks */
-            if (start > end || start >= llen) {
-                /* Out of range start or start > end result in empty list */
-                ltrim = llen;
-                rtrim = 0;
-            } else {
-                if (end >= llen) end = llen-1;
-                ltrim = start;
-                rtrim = llen-end-1;
-            }
+        if (end >= llen) end = llen-1;
+        ltrim = start;
+        rtrim = llen-end-1;
+    }
 
-            /* Remove list elements to perform the trim */
-            for (j = 0; j < ltrim; j++) {
-                ln = listFirst(list);
-                listDelNode(list,ln);
-            }
-            for (j = 0; j < rtrim; j++) {
-                ln = listLast(list);
-                listDelNode(list,ln);
-            }
-            server.dirty++;
-            addReply(c,shared.ok);
-        }
+    /* Remove list elements to perform the trim */
+    for (j = 0; j < ltrim; j++) {
+        ln = listFirst(list);
+        listDelNode(list,ln);
+    }
+    for (j = 0; j < rtrim; j++) {
+        ln = listLast(list);
+        listDelNode(list,ln);
     }
+    if (listLength(list) == 0) deleteKey(c->db,c->argv[1]);
+    server.dirty++;
+    addReply(c,shared.ok);
 }
 
 static void lremCommand(redisClient *c) {
     robj *o;
-    
-    o = lookupKeyWrite(c->db,c->argv[1]);
-    if (o == NULL) {
-        addReply(c,shared.czero);
-    } else {
-        if (o->type != REDIS_LIST) {
-            addReply(c,shared.wrongtypeerr);
-        } else {
-            list *list = o->ptr;
-            listNode *ln, *next;
-            int toremove = atoi(c->argv[2]->ptr);
-            int removed = 0;
-            int fromtail = 0;
-
-            if (toremove < 0) {
-                toremove = -toremove;
-                fromtail = 1;
-            }
-            ln = fromtail ? list->tail : list->head;
-            while (ln) {
-                robj *ele = listNodeValue(ln);
-
-                next = fromtail ? ln->prev : ln->next;
-                if (compareStringObjects(ele,c->argv[3]) == 0) {
-                    listDelNode(list,ln);
-                    server.dirty++;
-                    removed++;
-                    if (toremove && removed == toremove) break;
-                }
-                ln = next;
-            }
-            addReplySds(c,sdscatprintf(sdsempty(),":%d\r\n",removed));
+    list *list;
+    listNode *ln, *next;
+    int toremove = atoi(c->argv[2]->ptr);
+    int removed = 0;
+    int fromtail = 0;
+
+    if ((o = lookupKeyWriteOrReply(c,c->argv[1],shared.czero)) == NULL ||
+        checkType(c,o,REDIS_LIST)) return;
+    list = o->ptr;
+
+    if (toremove < 0) {
+        toremove = -toremove;
+        fromtail = 1;
+    }
+    ln = fromtail ? list->tail : list->head;
+    while (ln) {
+        robj *ele = listNodeValue(ln);
+
+        next = fromtail ? ln->prev : ln->next;
+        if (compareStringObjects(ele,c->argv[3]) == 0) {
+            listDelNode(list,ln);
+            server.dirty++;
+            removed++;
+            if (toremove && removed == toremove) break;
         }
+        ln = next;
     }
+    if (listLength(list) == 0) deleteKey(c->db,c->argv[1]);
+    addReplySds(c,sdscatprintf(sdsempty(),":%d\r\n",removed));
 }
 
 /* This is the semantic of this command:
@@ -4318,57 +4551,50 @@ static void lremCommand(redisClient *c) {
  */
 static void rpoplpushcommand(redisClient *c) {
     robj *sobj;
+    list *srclist;
+    listNode *ln;
+
+    if ((sobj = lookupKeyWriteOrReply(c,c->argv[1],shared.nullbulk)) == NULL ||
+        checkType(c,sobj,REDIS_LIST)) return;
+    srclist = sobj->ptr;
+    ln = listLast(srclist);
 
-    sobj = lookupKeyWrite(c->db,c->argv[1]);
-    if (sobj == NULL) {
+    if (ln == NULL) {
         addReply(c,shared.nullbulk);
     } else {
-        if (sobj->type != REDIS_LIST) {
-            addReply(c,shared.wrongtypeerr);
-        } else {
-            list *srclist = sobj->ptr;
-            listNode *ln = listLast(srclist);
-
-            if (ln == NULL) {
-                addReply(c,shared.nullbulk);
-            } else {
-                robj *dobj = lookupKeyWrite(c->db,c->argv[2]);
-                robj *ele = listNodeValue(ln);
-                list *dstlist;
-
-                if (dobj && dobj->type != REDIS_LIST) {
-                    addReply(c,shared.wrongtypeerr);
-                    return;
-                }
-
-                /* Add the element to the target list (unless it's directly
-                 * passed to some BLPOP-ing client */
-                if (!handleClientsWaitingListPush(c,c->argv[2],ele)) {
-                    if (dobj == NULL) {
-                        /* Create the list if the key does not exist */
-                        dobj = createListObject();
-                        dictAdd(c->db->dict,c->argv[2],dobj);
-                        incrRefCount(c->argv[2]);
-                    }
-                    dstlist = dobj->ptr;
-                    listAddNodeHead(dstlist,ele);
-                    incrRefCount(ele);
-                }
+        robj *dobj = lookupKeyWrite(c->db,c->argv[2]);
+        robj *ele = listNodeValue(ln);
+        list *dstlist;
 
-                /* Send the element to the client as reply as well */
-                addReplyBulkLen(c,ele);
-                addReply(c,ele);
-                addReply(c,shared.crlf);
+        if (dobj && dobj->type != REDIS_LIST) {
+            addReply(c,shared.wrongtypeerr);
+            return;
+        }
 
-                /* Finally remove the element from the source list */
-                listDelNode(srclist,ln);
-                server.dirty++;
+        /* Add the element to the target list (unless it's directly
+         * passed to some BLPOP-ing client */
+        if (!handleClientsWaitingListPush(c,c->argv[2],ele)) {
+            if (dobj == NULL) {
+                /* Create the list if the key does not exist */
+                dobj = createListObject();
+                dictAdd(c->db->dict,c->argv[2],dobj);
+                incrRefCount(c->argv[2]);
             }
+            dstlist = dobj->ptr;
+            listAddNodeHead(dstlist,ele);
+            incrRefCount(ele);
         }
+
+        /* Send the element to the client as reply as well */
+        addReplyBulk(c,ele);
+
+        /* Finally remove the element from the source list */
+        listDelNode(srclist,ln);
+        if (listLength(srclist) == 0) deleteKey(c->db,c->argv[1]);
+        server.dirty++;
     }
 }
 
-
 /* ==================================== Sets ================================ */
 
 static void saddCommand(redisClient *c) {
@@ -4397,21 +4623,16 @@ static void saddCommand(redisClient *c) {
 static void sremCommand(redisClient *c) {
     robj *set;
 
-    set = lookupKeyWrite(c->db,c->argv[1]);
-    if (set == NULL) {
-        addReply(c,shared.czero);
+    if ((set = lookupKeyWriteOrReply(c,c->argv[1],shared.czero)) == NULL ||
+        checkType(c,set,REDIS_SET)) return;
+
+    if (dictDelete(set->ptr,c->argv[2]) == DICT_OK) {
+        server.dirty++;
+        if (htNeedsResize(set->ptr)) dictResize(set->ptr);
+        if (dictSize((dict*)set->ptr) == 0) deleteKey(c->db,c->argv[1]);
+        addReply(c,shared.cone);
     } else {
-        if (set->type != REDIS_SET) {
-            addReply(c,shared.wrongtypeerr);
-            return;
-        }
-        if (dictDelete(set->ptr,c->argv[2]) == DICT_OK) {
-            server.dirty++;
-            if (htNeedsResize(set->ptr)) dictResize(set->ptr);
-            addReply(c,shared.cone);
-        } else {
-            addReply(c,shared.czero);
-        }
+        addReply(c,shared.czero);
     }
 }
 
@@ -4438,6 +4659,8 @@ static void smoveCommand(redisClient *c) {
         addReply(c,shared.czero);
         return;
     }
+    if (dictSize((dict*)srcset->ptr) == 0 && srcset != dstset)
+        deleteKey(c->db,c->argv[1]);
     server.dirty++;
     /* Add the element to the destination set */
     if (!dstset) {
@@ -4453,65 +4676,44 @@ static void smoveCommand(redisClient *c) {
 static void sismemberCommand(redisClient *c) {
     robj *set;
 
-    set = lookupKeyRead(c->db,c->argv[1]);
-    if (set == NULL) {
+    if ((set = lookupKeyReadOrReply(c,c->argv[1],shared.czero)) == NULL ||
+        checkType(c,set,REDIS_SET)) return;
+
+    if (dictFind(set->ptr,c->argv[2]))
+        addReply(c,shared.cone);
+    else
         addReply(c,shared.czero);
-    } else {
-        if (set->type != REDIS_SET) {
-            addReply(c,shared.wrongtypeerr);
-            return;
-        }
-        if (dictFind(set->ptr,c->argv[2]))
-            addReply(c,shared.cone);
-        else
-            addReply(c,shared.czero);
-    }
 }
 
 static void scardCommand(redisClient *c) {
     robj *o;
     dict *s;
+
+    if ((o = lookupKeyReadOrReply(c,c->argv[1],shared.czero)) == NULL ||
+        checkType(c,o,REDIS_SET)) return;
     
-    o = lookupKeyRead(c->db,c->argv[1]);
-    if (o == NULL) {
-        addReply(c,shared.czero);
-        return;
-    } else {
-        if (o->type != REDIS_SET) {
-            addReply(c,shared.wrongtypeerr);
-        } else {
-            s = o->ptr;
-            addReplySds(c,sdscatprintf(sdsempty(),":%lu\r\n",
-                dictSize(s)));
-        }
-    }
+    s = o->ptr;
+    addReplyUlong(c,dictSize(s));
 }
 
 static void spopCommand(redisClient *c) {
     robj *set;
     dictEntry *de;
 
-    set = lookupKeyWrite(c->db,c->argv[1]);
-    if (set == NULL) {
+    if ((set = lookupKeyWriteOrReply(c,c->argv[1],shared.nullbulk)) == NULL ||
+        checkType(c,set,REDIS_SET)) return;
+
+    de = dictGetRandomKey(set->ptr);
+    if (de == NULL) {
         addReply(c,shared.nullbulk);
     } else {
-        if (set->type != REDIS_SET) {
-            addReply(c,shared.wrongtypeerr);
-            return;
-        }
-        de = dictGetRandomKey(set->ptr);
-        if (de == NULL) {
-            addReply(c,shared.nullbulk);
-        } else {
-            robj *ele = dictGetEntryKey(de);
+        robj *ele = dictGetEntryKey(de);
 
-            addReplyBulkLen(c,ele);
-            addReply(c,ele);
-            addReply(c,shared.crlf);
-            dictDelete(set->ptr,ele);
-            if (htNeedsResize(set->ptr)) dictResize(set->ptr);
-            server.dirty++;
-        }
+        addReplyBulk(c,ele);
+        dictDelete(set->ptr,ele);
+        if (htNeedsResize(set->ptr)) dictResize(set->ptr);
+        if (dictSize((dict*)set->ptr) == 0) deleteKey(c->db,c->argv[1]);
+        server.dirty++;
     }
 }
 
@@ -4519,24 +4721,16 @@ static void srandmemberCommand(redisClient *c) {
     robj *set;
     dictEntry *de;
 
-    set = lookupKeyRead(c->db,c->argv[1]);
-    if (set == NULL) {
+    if ((set = lookupKeyReadOrReply(c,c->argv[1],shared.nullbulk)) == NULL ||
+        checkType(c,set,REDIS_SET)) return;
+
+    de = dictGetRandomKey(set->ptr);
+    if (de == NULL) {
         addReply(c,shared.nullbulk);
     } else {
-        if (set->type != REDIS_SET) {
-            addReply(c,shared.wrongtypeerr);
-            return;
-        }
-        de = dictGetRandomKey(set->ptr);
-        if (de == NULL) {
-            addReply(c,shared.nullbulk);
-        } else {
-            robj *ele = dictGetEntryKey(de);
+        robj *ele = dictGetEntryKey(de);
 
-            addReplyBulkLen(c,ele);
-            addReply(c,ele);
-            addReply(c,shared.crlf);
-        }
+        addReplyBulk(c,ele);
     }
 }
 
@@ -4610,9 +4804,7 @@ static void sinterGenericCommand(redisClient *c, robj **setskeys, unsigned long
             continue; /* at least one set does not contain the member */
         ele = dictGetEntryKey(de);
         if (!dstkey) {
-            addReplyBulkLen(c,ele);
-            addReply(c,ele);
-            addReply(c,shared.crlf);
+            addReplyBulk(c,ele);
             cardinality++;
         } else {
             dictAdd(dstset->ptr,ele,NULL);
@@ -4622,18 +4814,20 @@ static void sinterGenericCommand(redisClient *c, robj **setskeys, unsigned long
     dictReleaseIterator(di);
 
     if (dstkey) {
-        /* Store the resulting set into the target */
+        /* Store the resulting set into the target, if the intersection
+         * is not an empty set. */
         deleteKey(c->db,dstkey);
-        dictAdd(c->db->dict,dstkey,dstset);
-        incrRefCount(dstkey);
-    }
-
-    if (!dstkey) {
-        lenobj->ptr = sdscatprintf(sdsempty(),"*%lu\r\n",cardinality);
-    } else {
-        addReplySds(c,sdscatprintf(sdsempty(),":%lu\r\n",
-            dictSize((dict*)dstset->ptr)));
+        if (dictSize((dict*)dstset->ptr) > 0) {
+            dictAdd(c->db->dict,dstkey,dstset);
+            incrRefCount(dstkey);
+            addReplyLong(c,dictSize((dict*)dstset->ptr));
+        } else {
+            decrRefCount(dstset);
+            addReply(c,shared.czero);
+        }
         server.dirty++;
+    } else {
+        lenobj->ptr = sdscatprintf(sdsempty(),"*%lu\r\n",cardinality);
     }
     zfree(dv);
 }
@@ -4648,6 +4842,7 @@ static void sinterstoreCommand(redisClient *c) {
 
 #define REDIS_OP_UNION 0
 #define REDIS_OP_DIFF 1
+#define REDIS_OP_INTER 2
 
 static void sunionDiffGenericCommand(redisClient *c, robj **setskeys, int setsnum, robj *dstkey, int op) {
     dict **dv = zmalloc(sizeof(dict*)*setsnum);
@@ -4705,7 +4900,8 @@ static void sunionDiffGenericCommand(redisClient *c, robj **setskeys, int setsnu
         }
         dictReleaseIterator(di);
 
-        if (op == REDIS_OP_DIFF && cardinality == 0) break; /* result set is empty */
+        /* result set is empty? Exit asap. */
+        if (op == REDIS_OP_DIFF && cardinality == 0) break;
     }
 
     /* Output the content of the resulting set, if not in STORE mode */
@@ -4716,25 +4912,22 @@ static void sunionDiffGenericCommand(redisClient *c, robj **setskeys, int setsnu
             robj *ele;
 
             ele = dictGetEntryKey(de);
-            addReplyBulkLen(c,ele);
-            addReply(c,ele);
-            addReply(c,shared.crlf);
+            addReplyBulk(c,ele);
         }
         dictReleaseIterator(di);
+        decrRefCount(dstset);
     } else {
         /* If we have a target key where to store the resulting set
          * create this key with the result set inside */
         deleteKey(c->db,dstkey);
-        dictAdd(c->db->dict,dstkey,dstset);
-        incrRefCount(dstkey);
-    }
-
-    /* Cleanup */
-    if (!dstkey) {
-        decrRefCount(dstset);
-    } else {
-        addReplySds(c,sdscatprintf(sdsempty(),":%lu\r\n",
-            dictSize((dict*)dstset->ptr)));
+        if (dictSize((dict*)dstset->ptr) > 0) {
+            dictAdd(c->db->dict,dstkey,dstset);
+            incrRefCount(dstkey);
+            addReplyLong(c,dictSize((dict*)dstset->ptr));
+        } else {
+            decrRefCount(dstset);
+            addReply(c,shared.czero);
+        }
         server.dirty++;
     }
     zfree(dv);
@@ -4779,6 +4972,8 @@ static zskiplistNode *zslCreateNode(int level, double score, robj *obj) {
     zskiplistNode *zn = zmalloc(sizeof(*zn));
 
     zn->forward = zmalloc(sizeof(zskiplistNode*) * level);
+    if (level > 0)
+        zn->span = zmalloc(sizeof(unsigned int) * (level - 1));
     zn->score = score;
     zn->obj = obj;
     return zn;
@@ -4792,8 +4987,13 @@ static zskiplist *zslCreate(void) {
     zsl->level = 1;
     zsl->length = 0;
     zsl->header = zslCreateNode(ZSKIPLIST_MAXLEVEL,0,NULL);
-    for (j = 0; j < ZSKIPLIST_MAXLEVEL; j++)
+    for (j = 0; j < ZSKIPLIST_MAXLEVEL; j++) {
         zsl->header->forward[j] = NULL;
+
+        /* span has space for ZSKIPLIST_MAXLEVEL-1 elements */
+        if (j < ZSKIPLIST_MAXLEVEL-1)
+            zsl->header->span[j] = 0;
+    }
     zsl->header->backward = NULL;
     zsl->tail = NULL;
     return zsl;
@@ -4802,6 +5002,7 @@ static zskiplist *zslCreate(void) {
 static void zslFreeNode(zskiplistNode *node) {
     decrRefCount(node->obj);
     zfree(node->forward);
+    zfree(node->span);
     zfree(node);
 }
 
@@ -4809,6 +5010,7 @@ static void zslFree(zskiplist *zsl) {
     zskiplistNode *node = zsl->header->forward[0], *next;
 
     zfree(zsl->header->forward);
+    zfree(zsl->header->span);
     zfree(zsl->header);
     while(node) {
         next = node->forward[0];
@@ -4827,15 +5029,21 @@ static int zslRandomLevel(void) {
 
 static void zslInsert(zskiplist *zsl, double score, robj *obj) {
     zskiplistNode *update[ZSKIPLIST_MAXLEVEL], *x;
+    unsigned int rank[ZSKIPLIST_MAXLEVEL];
     int i, level;
 
     x = zsl->header;
     for (i = zsl->level-1; i >= 0; i--) {
+        /* store rank that is crossed to reach the insert position */
+        rank[i] = i == (zsl->level-1) ? 0 : rank[i+1];
+
         while (x->forward[i] &&
             (x->forward[i]->score < score ||
                 (x->forward[i]->score == score &&
-                compareStringObjects(x->forward[i]->obj,obj) < 0)))
+                compareStringObjects(x->forward[i]->obj,obj) < 0))) {
+            rank[i] += i > 0 ? x->span[i-1] : 1;
             x = x->forward[i];
+        }
         update[i] = x;
     }
     /* we assume the key is not already inside, since we allow duplicated
@@ -4844,15 +5052,30 @@ static void zslInsert(zskiplist *zsl, double score, robj *obj) {
      * if the element is already inside or not. */
     level = zslRandomLevel();
     if (level > zsl->level) {
-        for (i = zsl->level; i < level; i++)
+        for (i = zsl->level; i < level; i++) {
+            rank[i] = 0;
             update[i] = zsl->header;
+            update[i]->span[i-1] = zsl->length;
+        }
         zsl->level = level;
     }
     x = zslCreateNode(level,score,obj);
     for (i = 0; i < level; i++) {
         x->forward[i] = update[i]->forward[i];
         update[i]->forward[i] = x;
+
+        /* update span covered by update[i] as x is inserted here */
+        if (i > 0) {
+            x->span[i-1] = update[i]->span[i-1] - (rank[0] - rank[i]);
+            update[i]->span[i-1] = (rank[0] - rank[i]) + 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* increment span for untouched levels */
+    for (i = level; i < zsl->level; i++) {
+        update[i]->span[i-1]++;
     }
+
     x->backward = (update[0] == zsl->header) ? NULL : update[0];
     if (x->forward[0])
         x->forward[0]->backward = x;
@@ -4861,6 +5084,31 @@ static void zslInsert(zskiplist *zsl, double score, robj *obj) {
     zsl->length++;
 }
 
+/* Internal function used by zslDelete, zslDeleteByScore and zslDeleteByRank */
+void zslDeleteNode(zskiplist *zsl, zskiplistNode *x, zskiplistNode **update) {
+    int i;
+    for (i = 0; i < zsl->level; i++) {
+        if (update[i]->forward[i] == x) {
+            if (i > 0) {
+                update[i]->span[i-1] += x->span[i-1] - 1;
+            }
+            update[i]->forward[i] = x->forward[i];
+        } else {
+            /* invariant: i > 0, because update[0]->forward[0]
+             * is always equal to x */
+            update[i]->span[i-1] -= 1;
+        }
+    }
+    if (x->forward[0]) {
+        x->forward[0]->backward = x->backward;
+    } else {
+        zsl->tail = x->backward;
+    }
+    while(zsl->level > 1 && zsl->header->forward[zsl->level-1] == NULL)
+        zsl->level--;
+    zsl->length--;
+}
+
 /* Delete an element with matching score/object from the skiplist. */
 static int zslDelete(zskiplist *zsl, double score, robj *obj) {
     zskiplistNode *update[ZSKIPLIST_MAXLEVEL], *x;
@@ -4879,20 +5127,8 @@ static int zslDelete(zskiplist *zsl, double score, robj *obj) {
      * is to find the element with both the right score and object. */
     x = x->forward[0];
     if (x && score == x->score && compareStringObjects(x->obj,obj) == 0) {
-        for (i = 0; i < zsl->level; i++) {
-            if (update[i]->forward[i] != x) break;
-            update[i]->forward[i] = x->forward[i];
-        }
-        if (x->forward[0]) {
-            x->forward[0]->backward = (x->backward == zsl->header) ?
-                                        NULL : x->backward;
-        } else {
-            zsl->tail = x->backward;
-        }
+        zslDeleteNode(zsl, x, update);
         zslFreeNode(x);
-        while(zsl->level > 1 && zsl->header->forward[zsl->level-1] == NULL)
-            zsl->level--;
-        zsl->length--;
         return 1;
     } else {
         return 0; /* not found */
@@ -4904,7 +5140,7 @@ static int zslDelete(zskiplist *zsl, double score, robj *obj) {
  * Min and mx are inclusive, so a score >= min || score <= max is deleted.
  * Note that this function takes the reference to the hash table view of the
  * sorted set, in order to remove the elements from the hash table too. */
-static unsigned long zslDeleteRange(zskiplist *zsl, double min, double max, dict *dict) {
+static unsigned long zslDeleteRangeByScore(zskiplist *zsl, double min, double max, dict *dict) {
     zskiplistNode *update[ZSKIPLIST_MAXLEVEL], *x;
     unsigned long removed = 0;
     int i;
@@ -4919,28 +5155,44 @@ static unsigned long zslDeleteRange(zskiplist *zsl, double min, double max, dict
      * is to find the element with both the right score and object. */
     x = x->forward[0];
     while (x && x->score <= max) {
-        zskiplistNode *next;
+        zskiplistNode *next = x->forward[0];
+        zslDeleteNode(zsl, x, update);
+        dictDelete(dict,x->obj);
+        zslFreeNode(x);
+        removed++;
+        x = next;
+    }
+    return removed; /* not found */
+}
 
-        for (i = 0; i < zsl->level; i++) {
-            if (update[i]->forward[i] != x) break;
-            update[i]->forward[i] = x->forward[i];
-        }
-        if (x->forward[0]) {
-            x->forward[0]->backward = (x->backward == zsl->header) ?
-                                        NULL : x->backward;
-        } else {
-            zsl->tail = x->backward;
+/* Delete all the elements with rank between start and end from the skiplist.
+ * Start and end are inclusive. Note that start and end need to be 1-based */
+static unsigned long zslDeleteRangeByRank(zskiplist *zsl, unsigned int start, unsigned int end, dict *dict) {
+    zskiplistNode *update[ZSKIPLIST_MAXLEVEL], *x;
+    unsigned long traversed = 0, removed = 0;
+    int i;
+
+    x = zsl->header;
+    for (i = zsl->level-1; i >= 0; i--) {
+        while (x->forward[i] && (traversed + (i > 0 ? x->span[i-1] : 1)) < start) {
+            traversed += i > 0 ? x->span[i-1] : 1;
+            x = x->forward[i];
         }
-        next = x->forward[0];
+        update[i] = x;
+    }
+
+    traversed++;
+    x = x->forward[0];
+    while (x && traversed <= end) {
+        zskiplistNode *next = x->forward[0];
+        zslDeleteNode(zsl, x, update);
         dictDelete(dict,x->obj);
         zslFreeNode(x);
-        while(zsl->level > 1 && zsl->header->forward[zsl->level-1] == NULL)
-            zsl->level--;
-        zsl->length--;
         removed++;
+        traversed++;
         x = next;
     }
-    return removed; /* not found */
+    return removed;
 }
 
 /* Find the first node having a score equal or greater than the specified one.
@@ -4959,6 +5211,53 @@ static zskiplistNode *zslFirstWithScore(zskiplist *zsl, double score) {
     return x->forward[0];
 }
 
+/* Find the rank for an element by both score and key.
+ * Returns 0 when the element cannot be found, rank otherwise.
+ * Note that the rank is 1-based due to the span of zsl->header to the
+ * first element. */
+static unsigned long zslGetRank(zskiplist *zsl, double score, robj *o) {
+    zskiplistNode *x;
+    unsigned long rank = 0;
+    int i;
+
+    x = zsl->header;
+    for (i = zsl->level-1; i >= 0; i--) {
+        while (x->forward[i] &&
+            (x->forward[i]->score < score ||
+                (x->forward[i]->score == score &&
+                compareStringObjects(x->forward[i]->obj,o) <= 0))) {
+            rank += i > 0 ? x->span[i-1] : 1;
+            x = x->forward[i];
+        }
+
+        /* x might be equal to zsl->header, so test if obj is non-NULL */
+        if (x->obj && compareStringObjects(x->obj,o) == 0) {
+            return rank;
+        }
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/* Finds an element by its rank. The rank argument needs to be 1-based. */
+zskiplistNode* zslGetElementByRank(zskiplist *zsl, unsigned long rank) {
+    zskiplistNode *x;
+    unsigned long traversed = 0;
+    int i;
+
+    x = zsl->header;
+    for (i = zsl->level-1; i >= 0; i--) {
+        while (x->forward[i] && (traversed + (i>0 ? x->span[i-1] : 1)) <= rank)
+        {
+            traversed += i > 0 ? x->span[i-1] : 1;
+            x = x->forward[i];
+        }
+        if (traversed == rank) {
+            return x;
+        }
+    }
+    return NULL;
+}
+
 /* The actual Z-commands implementations */
 
 /* This generic command implements both ZADD and ZINCRBY.
@@ -5059,60 +5358,282 @@ static void zincrbyCommand(redisClient *c) {
 static void zremCommand(redisClient *c) {
     robj *zsetobj;
     zset *zs;
+    dictEntry *de;
+    double *oldscore;
+    int deleted;
 
-    zsetobj = lookupKeyWrite(c->db,c->argv[1]);
-    if (zsetobj == NULL) {
-        addReply(c,shared.czero);
-    } else {
-        dictEntry *de;
-        double *oldscore;
-        int deleted;
-
-        if (zsetobj->type != REDIS_ZSET) {
-            addReply(c,shared.wrongtypeerr);
-            return;
-        }
-        zs = zsetobj->ptr;
-        de = dictFind(zs->dict,c->argv[2]);
-        if (de == NULL) {
-            addReply(c,shared.czero);
-            return;
-        }
-        /* Delete from the skiplist */
-        oldscore = dictGetEntryVal(de);
-        deleted = zslDelete(zs->zsl,*oldscore,c->argv[2]);
-        redisAssert(deleted != 0);
+    if ((zsetobj = lookupKeyWriteOrReply(c,c->argv[1],shared.czero)) == NULL ||
+        checkType(c,zsetobj,REDIS_ZSET)) return;
 
-        /* Delete from the hash table */
-        dictDelete(zs->dict,c->argv[2]);
-        if (htNeedsResize(zs->dict)) dictResize(zs->dict);
-        server.dirty++;
-        addReply(c,shared.cone);
+    zs = zsetobj->ptr;
+    de = dictFind(zs->dict,c->argv[2]);
+    if (de == NULL) {
+        addReply(c,shared.czero);
+        return;
     }
+    /* Delete from the skiplist */
+    oldscore = dictGetEntryVal(de);
+    deleted = zslDelete(zs->zsl,*oldscore,c->argv[2]);
+    redisAssert(deleted != 0);
+
+    /* Delete from the hash table */
+    dictDelete(zs->dict,c->argv[2]);
+    if (htNeedsResize(zs->dict)) dictResize(zs->dict);
+    if (dictSize(zs->dict) == 0) deleteKey(c->db,c->argv[1]);
+    server.dirty++;
+    addReply(c,shared.cone);
 }
 
 static void zremrangebyscoreCommand(redisClient *c) {
     double min = strtod(c->argv[2]->ptr,NULL);
     double max = strtod(c->argv[3]->ptr,NULL);
+    long deleted;
     robj *zsetobj;
     zset *zs;
 
-    zsetobj = lookupKeyWrite(c->db,c->argv[1]);
-    if (zsetobj == NULL) {
+    if ((zsetobj = lookupKeyWriteOrReply(c,c->argv[1],shared.czero)) == NULL ||
+        checkType(c,zsetobj,REDIS_ZSET)) return;
+
+    zs = zsetobj->ptr;
+    deleted = zslDeleteRangeByScore(zs->zsl,min,max,zs->dict);
+    if (htNeedsResize(zs->dict)) dictResize(zs->dict);
+    if (dictSize(zs->dict) == 0) deleteKey(c->db,c->argv[1]);
+    server.dirty += deleted;
+    addReplyLong(c,deleted);
+}
+
+static void zremrangebyrankCommand(redisClient *c) {
+    int start = atoi(c->argv[2]->ptr);
+    int end = atoi(c->argv[3]->ptr);
+    int llen;
+    long deleted;
+    robj *zsetobj;
+    zset *zs;
+
+    if ((zsetobj = lookupKeyWriteOrReply(c,c->argv[1],shared.czero)) == NULL ||
+        checkType(c,zsetobj,REDIS_ZSET)) return;
+    zs = zsetobj->ptr;
+    llen = zs->zsl->length;
+
+    /* convert negative indexes */
+    if (start < 0) start = llen+start;
+    if (end < 0) end = llen+end;
+    if (start < 0) start = 0;
+    if (end < 0) end = 0;
+
+    /* indexes sanity checks */
+    if (start > end || start >= llen) {
         addReply(c,shared.czero);
+        return;
+    }
+    if (end >= llen) end = llen-1;
+
+    /* increment start and end because zsl*Rank functions
+     * use 1-based rank */
+    deleted = zslDeleteRangeByRank(zs->zsl,start+1,end+1,zs->dict);
+    if (htNeedsResize(zs->dict)) dictResize(zs->dict);
+    if (dictSize(zs->dict) == 0) deleteKey(c->db,c->argv[1]);
+    server.dirty += deleted;
+    addReplyLong(c, deleted);
+}
+
+typedef struct {
+    dict *dict;
+    double weight;
+} zsetopsrc;
+
+static int qsortCompareZsetopsrcByCardinality(const void *s1, const void *s2) {
+    zsetopsrc *d1 = (void*) s1, *d2 = (void*) s2;
+    unsigned long size1, size2;
+    size1 = d1->dict ? dictSize(d1->dict) : 0;
+    size2 = d2->dict ? dictSize(d2->dict) : 0;
+    return size1 - size2;
+}
+
+#define REDIS_AGGR_SUM 1
+#define REDIS_AGGR_MIN 2
+#define REDIS_AGGR_MAX 3
+
+inline static void zunionInterAggregate(double *target, double val, int aggregate) {
+    if (aggregate == REDIS_AGGR_SUM) {
+        *target = *target + val;
+    } else if (aggregate == REDIS_AGGR_MIN) {
+        *target = val < *target ? val : *target;
+    } else if (aggregate == REDIS_AGGR_MAX) {
+        *target = val > *target ? val : *target;
     } else {
-        long deleted;
+        /* safety net */
+        redisAssert(0 != 0);
+    }
+}
 
-        if (zsetobj->type != REDIS_ZSET) {
-            addReply(c,shared.wrongtypeerr);
-            return;
+static void zunionInterGenericCommand(redisClient *c, robj *dstkey, int op) {
+    int i, j, zsetnum;
+    int aggregate = REDIS_AGGR_SUM;
+    zsetopsrc *src;
+    robj *dstobj;
+    zset *dstzset;
+    dictIterator *di;
+    dictEntry *de;
+
+    /* expect zsetnum input keys to be given */
+    zsetnum = atoi(c->argv[2]->ptr);
+    if (zsetnum < 1) {
+        addReplySds(c,sdsnew("-ERR at least 1 input key is needed for ZUNION/ZINTER\r\n"));
+        return;
+    }
+
+    /* test if the expected number of keys would overflow */
+    if (3+zsetnum > c->argc) {
+        addReply(c,shared.syntaxerr);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    /* read keys to be used for input */
+    src = zmalloc(sizeof(zsetopsrc) * zsetnum);
+    for (i = 0, j = 3; i < zsetnum; i++, j++) {
+        robj *zsetobj = lookupKeyWrite(c->db,c->argv[j]);
+        if (!zsetobj) {
+            src[i].dict = NULL;
+        } else {
+            if (zsetobj->type != REDIS_ZSET) {
+                zfree(src);
+                addReply(c,shared.wrongtypeerr);
+                return;
+            }
+            src[i].dict = ((zset*)zsetobj->ptr)->dict;
+        }
+
+        /* default all weights to 1 */
+        src[i].weight = 1.0;
+    }
+
+    /* parse optional extra arguments */
+    if (j < c->argc) {
+        int remaining = c->argc - j;
+
+        while (remaining) {
+            if (remaining >= (zsetnum + 1) && !strcasecmp(c->argv[j]->ptr,"weights")) {
+                j++; remaining--;
+                for (i = 0; i < zsetnum; i++, j++, remaining--) {
+                    src[i].weight = strtod(c->argv[j]->ptr, NULL);
+                }
+            } else if (remaining >= 2 && !strcasecmp(c->argv[j]->ptr,"aggregate")) {
+                j++; remaining--;
+                if (!strcasecmp(c->argv[j]->ptr,"sum")) {
+                    aggregate = REDIS_AGGR_SUM;
+                } else if (!strcasecmp(c->argv[j]->ptr,"min")) {
+                    aggregate = REDIS_AGGR_MIN;
+                } else if (!strcasecmp(c->argv[j]->ptr,"max")) {
+                    aggregate = REDIS_AGGR_MAX;
+                } else {
+                    zfree(src);
+                    addReply(c,shared.syntaxerr);
+                    return;
+                }
+                j++; remaining--;
+            } else {
+                zfree(src);
+                addReply(c,shared.syntaxerr);
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* sort sets from the smallest to largest, this will improve our
+     * algorithm's performance */
+    qsort(src,zsetnum,sizeof(zsetopsrc), qsortCompareZsetopsrcByCardinality);
+
+    dstobj = createZsetObject();
+    dstzset = dstobj->ptr;
+
+    if (op == REDIS_OP_INTER) {
+        /* skip going over all entries if the smallest zset is NULL or empty */
+        if (src[0].dict && dictSize(src[0].dict) > 0) {
+            /* precondition: as src[0].dict is non-empty and the zsets are ordered
+             * from small to large, all src[i > 0].dict are non-empty too */
+            di = dictGetIterator(src[0].dict);
+            while((de = dictNext(di)) != NULL) {
+                double *score = zmalloc(sizeof(double)), value;
+                *score = src[0].weight * (*(double*)dictGetEntryVal(de));
+
+                for (j = 1; j < zsetnum; j++) {
+                    dictEntry *other = dictFind(src[j].dict,dictGetEntryKey(de));
+                    if (other) {
+                        value = src[j].weight * (*(double*)dictGetEntryVal(other));
+                        zunionInterAggregate(score, value, aggregate);
+                    } else {
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                /* skip entry when not present in every source dict */
+                if (j != zsetnum) {
+                    zfree(score);
+                } else {
+                    robj *o = dictGetEntryKey(de);
+                    dictAdd(dstzset->dict,o,score);
+                    incrRefCount(o); /* added to dictionary */
+                    zslInsert(dstzset->zsl,*score,o);
+                    incrRefCount(o); /* added to skiplist */
+                }
+            }
+            dictReleaseIterator(di);
+        }
+    } else if (op == REDIS_OP_UNION) {
+        for (i = 0; i < zsetnum; i++) {
+            if (!src[i].dict) continue;
+
+            di = dictGetIterator(src[i].dict);
+            while((de = dictNext(di)) != NULL) {
+                /* skip key when already processed */
+                if (dictFind(dstzset->dict,dictGetEntryKey(de)) != NULL) continue;
+
+                double *score = zmalloc(sizeof(double)), value;
+                *score = src[i].weight * (*(double*)dictGetEntryVal(de));
+
+                /* because the zsets are sorted by size, its only possible
+                 * for sets at larger indices to hold this entry */
+                for (j = (i+1); j < zsetnum; j++) {
+                    dictEntry *other = dictFind(src[j].dict,dictGetEntryKey(de));
+                    if (other) {
+                        value = src[j].weight * (*(double*)dictGetEntryVal(other));
+                        zunionInterAggregate(score, value, aggregate);
+                    }
+                }
+
+                robj *o = dictGetEntryKey(de);
+                dictAdd(dstzset->dict,o,score);
+                incrRefCount(o); /* added to dictionary */
+                zslInsert(dstzset->zsl,*score,o);
+                incrRefCount(o); /* added to skiplist */
+            }
+            dictReleaseIterator(di);
         }
-        zs = zsetobj->ptr;
-        deleted = zslDeleteRange(zs->zsl,min,max,zs->dict);
-        if (htNeedsResize(zs->dict)) dictResize(zs->dict);
-        server.dirty += deleted;
-        addReplySds(c,sdscatprintf(sdsempty(),":%lu\r\n",deleted));
+    } else {
+        /* unknown operator */
+        redisAssert(op == REDIS_OP_INTER || op == REDIS_OP_UNION);
     }
+
+    deleteKey(c->db,dstkey);
+    if (dstzset->zsl->length) {
+        dictAdd(c->db->dict,dstkey,dstobj);
+        incrRefCount(dstkey);
+        addReplyLong(c, dstzset->zsl->length);
+        server.dirty++;
+    } else {
+        decrRefCount(dstzset);
+        addReply(c, shared.czero);
+    }
+    zfree(src);
+}
+
+static void zunionCommand(redisClient *c) {
+    zunionInterGenericCommand(c,c->argv[1], REDIS_OP_UNION);
+}
+
+static void zinterCommand(redisClient *c) {
+    zunionInterGenericCommand(c,c->argv[1], REDIS_OP_INTER);
 }
 
 static void zrangeGenericCommand(redisClient *c, int reverse) {
@@ -5120,6 +5641,12 @@ static void zrangeGenericCommand(redisClient *c, int reverse) {
     int start = atoi(c->argv[2]->ptr);
     int end = atoi(c->argv[3]->ptr);
     int withscores = 0;
+    int llen;
+    int rangelen, j;
+    zset *zsetobj;
+    zskiplist *zsl;
+    zskiplistNode *ln;
+    robj *ele;
 
     if (c->argc == 5 && !strcasecmp(c->argv[4]->ptr,"withscores")) {
         withscores = 1;
@@ -5128,59 +5655,45 @@ static void zrangeGenericCommand(redisClient *c, int reverse) {
         return;
     }
 
-    o = lookupKeyRead(c->db,c->argv[1]);
-    if (o == NULL) {
-        addReply(c,shared.nullmultibulk);
-    } else {
-        if (o->type != REDIS_ZSET) {
-            addReply(c,shared.wrongtypeerr);
-        } else {
-            zset *zsetobj = o->ptr;
-            zskiplist *zsl = zsetobj->zsl;
-            zskiplistNode *ln;
+    if ((o = lookupKeyReadOrReply(c,c->argv[1],shared.nullmultibulk)) == NULL ||
+        checkType(c,o,REDIS_ZSET)) return;
+    zsetobj = o->ptr;
+    zsl = zsetobj->zsl;
+    llen = zsl->length;
 
-            int llen = zsl->length;
-            int rangelen, j;
-            robj *ele;
+    /* convert negative indexes */
+    if (start < 0) start = llen+start;
+    if (end < 0) end = llen+end;
+    if (start < 0) start = 0;
+    if (end < 0) end = 0;
 
-            /* convert negative indexes */
-            if (start < 0) start = llen+start;
-            if (end < 0) end = llen+end;
-            if (start < 0) start = 0;
-            if (end < 0) end = 0;
+    /* indexes sanity checks */
+    if (start > end || start >= llen) {
+        /* Out of range start or start > end result in empty list */
+        addReply(c,shared.emptymultibulk);
+        return;
+    }
+    if (end >= llen) end = llen-1;
+    rangelen = (end-start)+1;
 
-            /* indexes sanity checks */
-            if (start > end || start >= llen) {
-                /* Out of range start or start > end result in empty list */
-                addReply(c,shared.emptymultibulk);
-                return;
-            }
-            if (end >= llen) end = llen-1;
-            rangelen = (end-start)+1;
-
-            /* Return the result in form of a multi-bulk reply */
-            if (reverse) {
-                ln = zsl->tail;
-                while (start--)
-                    ln = ln->backward;
-            } else {
-                ln = zsl->header->forward[0];
-                while (start--)
-                    ln = ln->forward[0];
-            }
+    /* check if starting point is trivial, before searching
+     * the element in log(N) time */
+    if (reverse) {
+        ln = start == 0 ? zsl->tail : zslGetElementByRank(zsl, llen-start);
+    } else {
+        ln = start == 0 ?
+            zsl->header->forward[0] : zslGetElementByRank(zsl, start+1);
+    }
 
-            addReplySds(c,sdscatprintf(sdsempty(),"*%d\r\n",
-                withscores ? (rangelen*2) : rangelen));
-            for (j = 0; j < rangelen; j++) {
-                ele = ln->obj;
-                addReplyBulkLen(c,ele);
-                addReply(c,ele);
-                addReply(c,shared.crlf);
-                if (withscores)
-                    addReplyDouble(c,ln->score);
-                ln = reverse ? ln->backward : ln->forward[0];
-            }
-        }
+    /* Return the result in form of a multi-bulk reply */
+    addReplySds(c,sdscatprintf(sdsempty(),"*%d\r\n",
+        withscores ? (rangelen*2) : rangelen));
+    for (j = 0; j < rangelen; j++) {
+        ele = ln->obj;
+        addReplyBulk(c,ele);
+        if (withscores)
+            addReplyDouble(c,ln->score);
+        ln = reverse ? ln->backward : ln->forward[0];
     }
 }
 
@@ -5192,30 +5705,51 @@ static void zrevrangeCommand(redisClient *c) {
     zrangeGenericCommand(c,1);
 }
 
-static void zrangebyscoreCommand(redisClient *c) {
+/* This command implements both ZRANGEBYSCORE and ZCOUNT.
+ * If justcount is non-zero, just the count is returned. */
+static void genericZrangebyscoreCommand(redisClient *c, int justcount) {
     robj *o;
-    double min = strtod(c->argv[2]->ptr,NULL);
-    double max = strtod(c->argv[3]->ptr,NULL);
+    double min, max;
+    int minex = 0, maxex = 0; /* are min or max exclusive? */
     int offset = 0, limit = -1;
     int withscores = 0;
     int badsyntax = 0;
 
+    /* Parse the min-max interval. If one of the values is prefixed
+     * by the "(" character, it's considered "open". For instance
+     * ZRANGEBYSCORE zset (1.5 (2.5 will match min < x < max
+     * ZRANGEBYSCORE zset 1.5 2.5 will instead match min <= x <= max */
+    if (((char*)c->argv[2]->ptr)[0] == '(') {
+        min = strtod((char*)c->argv[2]->ptr+1,NULL);
+        minex = 1;
+    } else {
+        min = strtod(c->argv[2]->ptr,NULL);
+    }
+    if (((char*)c->argv[3]->ptr)[0] == '(') {
+        max = strtod((char*)c->argv[3]->ptr+1,NULL);
+        maxex = 1;
+    } else {
+        max = strtod(c->argv[3]->ptr,NULL);
+    }
+
+    /* Parse "WITHSCORES": note that if the command was called with
+     * the name ZCOUNT then we are sure that c->argc == 4, so we'll never
+     * enter the following paths to parse WITHSCORES and LIMIT. */
     if (c->argc == 5 || c->argc == 8) {
         if (strcasecmp(c->argv[c->argc-1]->ptr,"withscores") == 0)
             withscores = 1;
         else
             badsyntax = 1;
     }
-
     if (c->argc != (4 + withscores) && c->argc != (7 + withscores))
         badsyntax = 1;
-
     if (badsyntax) {
         addReplySds(c,
             sdsnew("-ERR wrong number of arguments for ZRANGEBYSCORE\r\n"));
         return;
     }
 
+    /* Parse "LIMIT" */
     if (c->argc == (7 + withscores) && strcasecmp(c->argv[4]->ptr,"limit")) {
         addReply(c,shared.syntaxerr);
         return;
@@ -5225,9 +5759,10 @@ static void zrangebyscoreCommand(redisClient *c) {
         if (offset < 0) offset = 0;
     }
 
+    /* Ok, lookup the key and get the range */
     o = lookupKeyRead(c->db,c->argv[1]);
     if (o == NULL) {
-        addReply(c,shared.nullmultibulk);
+        addReply(c,justcount ? shared.czero : shared.nullmultibulk);
     } else {
         if (o->type != REDIS_ZSET) {
             addReply(c,shared.wrongtypeerr);
@@ -5235,14 +5770,17 @@ static void zrangebyscoreCommand(redisClient *c) {
             zset *zsetobj = o->ptr;
             zskiplist *zsl = zsetobj->zsl;
             zskiplistNode *ln;
-            robj *ele, *lenobj;
-            unsigned int rangelen = 0;
+            robj *ele, *lenobj = NULL;
+            unsigned long rangelen = 0;
 
-            /* Get the first node with the score >= min */
+            /* Get the first node with the score >= min, or with
+             * score > min if 'minex' is true. */
             ln = zslFirstWithScore(zsl,min);
+            while (minex && ln && ln->score == min) ln = ln->forward[0];
+
             if (ln == NULL) {
                 /* No element matching the speciifed interval */
-                addReply(c,shared.emptymultibulk);
+                addReply(c,justcount ? shared.czero : shared.emptymultibulk);
                 return;
             }
 
@@ -5250,76 +5788,427 @@ static void zrangebyscoreCommand(redisClient *c) {
              * are in the list, so we push this object that will represent
              * the multi-bulk length in the output buffer, and will "fix"
              * it later */
-            lenobj = createObject(REDIS_STRING,NULL);
-            addReply(c,lenobj);
-            decrRefCount(lenobj);
+            if (!justcount) {
+                lenobj = createObject(REDIS_STRING,NULL);
+                addReply(c,lenobj);
+                decrRefCount(lenobj);
+            }
 
-            while(ln && ln->score <= max) {
+            while(ln && (maxex ? (ln->score < max) : (ln->score <= max))) {
                 if (offset) {
                     offset--;
                     ln = ln->forward[0];
                     continue;
                 }
                 if (limit == 0) break;
-                ele = ln->obj;
-                addReplyBulkLen(c,ele);
-                addReply(c,ele);
-                addReply(c,shared.crlf);
-                if (withscores)
-                    addReplyDouble(c,ln->score);
+                if (!justcount) {
+                    ele = ln->obj;
+                    addReplyBulk(c,ele);
+                    if (withscores)
+                        addReplyDouble(c,ln->score);
+                }
                 ln = ln->forward[0];
                 rangelen++;
                 if (limit > 0) limit--;
             }
-            lenobj->ptr = sdscatprintf(sdsempty(),"*%d\r\n",
-                withscores ? (rangelen*2) : rangelen);
+            if (justcount) {
+                addReplyLong(c,(long)rangelen);
+            } else {
+                lenobj->ptr = sdscatprintf(sdsempty(),"*%lu\r\n",
+                     withscores ? (rangelen*2) : rangelen);
+            }
         }
     }
 }
 
+static void zrangebyscoreCommand(redisClient *c) {
+    genericZrangebyscoreCommand(c,0);
+}
+
+static void zcountCommand(redisClient *c) {
+    genericZrangebyscoreCommand(c,1);
+}
+
 static void zcardCommand(redisClient *c) {
     robj *o;
     zset *zs;
-    
-    o = lookupKeyRead(c->db,c->argv[1]);
-    if (o == NULL) {
-        addReply(c,shared.czero);
+
+    if ((o = lookupKeyReadOrReply(c,c->argv[1],shared.czero)) == NULL ||
+        checkType(c,o,REDIS_ZSET)) return;
+
+    zs = o->ptr;
+    addReplyUlong(c,zs->zsl->length);
+}
+
+static void zscoreCommand(redisClient *c) {
+    robj *o;
+    zset *zs;
+    dictEntry *de;
+
+    if ((o = lookupKeyReadOrReply(c,c->argv[1],shared.nullbulk)) == NULL ||
+        checkType(c,o,REDIS_ZSET)) return;
+
+    zs = o->ptr;
+    de = dictFind(zs->dict,c->argv[2]);
+    if (!de) {
+        addReply(c,shared.nullbulk);
+    } else {
+        double *score = dictGetEntryVal(de);
+
+        addReplyDouble(c,*score);
+    }
+}
+
+static void zrankGenericCommand(redisClient *c, int reverse) {
+    robj *o;
+    zset *zs;
+    zskiplist *zsl;
+    dictEntry *de;
+    unsigned long rank;
+    double *score;
+
+    if ((o = lookupKeyReadOrReply(c,c->argv[1],shared.nullbulk)) == NULL ||
+        checkType(c,o,REDIS_ZSET)) return;
+
+    zs = o->ptr;
+    zsl = zs->zsl;
+    de = dictFind(zs->dict,c->argv[2]);
+    if (!de) {
+        addReply(c,shared.nullbulk);
         return;
+    }
+
+    score = dictGetEntryVal(de);
+    rank = zslGetRank(zsl, *score, c->argv[2]);
+    if (rank) {
+        if (reverse) {
+            addReplyLong(c, zsl->length - rank);
+        } else {
+            addReplyLong(c, rank-1);
+        }
     } else {
-        if (o->type != REDIS_ZSET) {
+        addReply(c,shared.nullbulk);
+    }
+}
+
+static void zrankCommand(redisClient *c) {
+    zrankGenericCommand(c, 0);
+}
+
+static void zrevrankCommand(redisClient *c) {
+    zrankGenericCommand(c, 1);
+}
+
+/* =================================== Hashes =============================== */
+static void hsetCommand(redisClient *c) {
+    int update = 0;
+    robj *o = lookupKeyWrite(c->db,c->argv[1]);
+
+    if (o == NULL) {
+        o = createHashObject();
+        dictAdd(c->db->dict,c->argv[1],o);
+        incrRefCount(c->argv[1]);
+    } else {
+        if (o->type != REDIS_HASH) {
             addReply(c,shared.wrongtypeerr);
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+    /* We want to convert the zipmap into an hash table right now if the
+     * entry to be added is too big. Note that we check if the object
+     * is integer encoded before to try fetching the length in the test below.
+     * This is because integers are small, but currently stringObjectLen()
+     * performs a slow conversion: not worth it. */
+    if (o->encoding == REDIS_ENCODING_ZIPMAP &&
+        ((c->argv[2]->encoding == REDIS_ENCODING_RAW &&
+          sdslen(c->argv[2]->ptr) > server.hash_max_zipmap_value) ||
+         (c->argv[3]->encoding == REDIS_ENCODING_RAW &&
+          sdslen(c->argv[3]->ptr) > server.hash_max_zipmap_value)))
+    {
+        convertToRealHash(o);
+    }
+
+    if (o->encoding == REDIS_ENCODING_ZIPMAP) {
+        unsigned char *zm = o->ptr;
+        robj *valobj = getDecodedObject(c->argv[3]);
+
+        zm = zipmapSet(zm,c->argv[2]->ptr,sdslen(c->argv[2]->ptr),
+            valobj->ptr,sdslen(valobj->ptr),&update);
+        decrRefCount(valobj);
+        o->ptr = zm;
+
+        /* And here there is the second check for hash conversion. */
+        if (zipmapLen(zm) > server.hash_max_zipmap_entries)
+            convertToRealHash(o);
+    } else {
+        tryObjectEncoding(c->argv[2]);
+        /* note that c->argv[3] is already encoded, as the latest arg
+         * of a bulk command is always integer encoded if possible. */
+        if (dictReplace(o->ptr,c->argv[2],c->argv[3])) {
+            incrRefCount(c->argv[2]);
         } else {
-            zs = o->ptr;
-            addReplySds(c,sdscatprintf(sdsempty(),":%lu\r\n",zs->zsl->length));
+            update = 1;
         }
+        incrRefCount(c->argv[3]);
     }
+    server.dirty++;
+    addReplySds(c,sdscatprintf(sdsempty(),":%d\r\n",update == 0));
 }
 
-static void zscoreCommand(redisClient *c) {
-    robj *o;
-    zset *zs;
-    
-    o = lookupKeyRead(c->db,c->argv[1]);
+static void hincrbyCommand(redisClient *c) {
+    long long value = 0, incr = 0;
+    robj *o = lookupKeyWrite(c->db,c->argv[1]);
+
     if (o == NULL) {
-        addReply(c,shared.nullbulk);
-        return;
+        o = createHashObject();
+        dictAdd(c->db->dict,c->argv[1],o);
+        incrRefCount(c->argv[1]);
     } else {
-        if (o->type != REDIS_ZSET) {
+        if (o->type != REDIS_HASH) {
             addReply(c,shared.wrongtypeerr);
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+
+    robj *o_incr = getDecodedObject(c->argv[3]);
+    incr = strtoll(o_incr->ptr, NULL, 10);
+    decrRefCount(o_incr);
+
+    if (o->encoding == REDIS_ENCODING_ZIPMAP) {
+        unsigned char *zm = o->ptr;
+        unsigned char *zval;
+        unsigned int zvlen;
+
+        /* Find value if already present in hash */
+        if (zipmapGet(zm,c->argv[2]->ptr,sdslen(c->argv[2]->ptr),
+            &zval,&zvlen)) {
+            /* strtoll needs the char* to have a trailing \0, but
+             * the zipmap doesn't include them. */
+            sds szval = sdsnewlen(zval, zvlen);
+            value = strtoll(szval,NULL,10);
+            sdsfree(szval);
+        }
+
+        value += incr;
+        sds svalue = sdscatprintf(sdsempty(),"%lld",value);
+        zm = zipmapSet(zm,c->argv[2]->ptr,sdslen(c->argv[2]->ptr),
+            (unsigned char*)svalue,sdslen(svalue),NULL);
+        sdsfree(svalue);
+        o->ptr = zm;
+
+        /* Check if the zipmap needs to be converted. */
+        if (zipmapLen(zm) > server.hash_max_zipmap_entries)
+            convertToRealHash(o);
+    } else {
+        robj *hval;
+        dictEntry *de;
+
+        /* Find value if already present in hash */
+        de = dictFind(o->ptr,c->argv[2]);
+        if (de != NULL) {
+            hval = dictGetEntryVal(de);
+            if (hval->encoding == REDIS_ENCODING_RAW)
+                value = strtoll(hval->ptr,NULL,10);
+            else if (hval->encoding == REDIS_ENCODING_INT)
+                value = (long)hval->ptr;
+            else
+                redisAssert(1 != 1);
+        }
+
+        value += incr;
+        hval = createObject(REDIS_STRING,sdscatprintf(sdsempty(),"%lld",value));
+        tryObjectEncoding(hval);
+        if (dictReplace(o->ptr,c->argv[2],hval)) {
+            incrRefCount(c->argv[2]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    server.dirty++;
+    addReplyLong(c, value);
+}
+
+static void hgetCommand(redisClient *c) {
+    robj *o;
+
+    if ((o = lookupKeyReadOrReply(c,c->argv[1],shared.nullbulk)) == NULL ||
+        checkType(c,o,REDIS_HASH)) return;
+
+    if (o->encoding == REDIS_ENCODING_ZIPMAP) {
+        unsigned char *zm = o->ptr;
+        unsigned char *val;
+        unsigned int vlen;
+        robj *field;
+
+        field = getDecodedObject(c->argv[2]);
+        if (zipmapGet(zm,field->ptr,sdslen(field->ptr), &val,&vlen)) {
+            addReplySds(c,sdscatprintf(sdsempty(),"$%u\r\n", vlen));
+            addReplySds(c,sdsnewlen(val,vlen));
+            addReply(c,shared.crlf);
+            decrRefCount(field);
+            return;
         } else {
-            dictEntry *de;
+            addReply(c,shared.nullbulk);
+            decrRefCount(field);
+            return;
+        }
+    } else {
+        struct dictEntry *de;
 
-            zs = o->ptr;
-            de = dictFind(zs->dict,c->argv[2]);
-            if (!de) {
-                addReply(c,shared.nullbulk);
-            } else {
-                double *score = dictGetEntryVal(de);
+        de = dictFind(o->ptr,c->argv[2]);
+        if (de == NULL) {
+            addReply(c,shared.nullbulk);
+        } else {
+            robj *e = dictGetEntryVal(de);
+
+            addReplyBulk(c,e);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+static void hdelCommand(redisClient *c) {
+    robj *o;
+    int deleted = 0;
+
+    if ((o = lookupKeyWriteOrReply(c,c->argv[1],shared.czero)) == NULL ||
+        checkType(c,o,REDIS_HASH)) return;
+
+    if (o->encoding == REDIS_ENCODING_ZIPMAP) {
+        robj *field = getDecodedObject(c->argv[2]);
+
+        o->ptr = zipmapDel((unsigned char*) o->ptr,
+            (unsigned char*) field->ptr,
+            sdslen(field->ptr), &deleted);
+        decrRefCount(field);
+        if (zipmapLen((unsigned char*) o->ptr) == 0)
+            deleteKey(c->db,c->argv[1]);
+    } else {
+        deleted = dictDelete((dict*)o->ptr,c->argv[2]) == DICT_OK;
+        if (htNeedsResize(o->ptr)) dictResize(o->ptr);
+        if (dictSize((dict*)o->ptr) == 0) deleteKey(c->db,c->argv[1]);
+    }
+    if (deleted) server.dirty++;
+    addReply(c,deleted ? shared.cone : shared.czero);
+}
+
+static void hlenCommand(redisClient *c) {
+    robj *o;
+    unsigned long len;
+
+    if ((o = lookupKeyReadOrReply(c,c->argv[1],shared.czero)) == NULL ||
+        checkType(c,o,REDIS_HASH)) return;
+
+    len = (o->encoding == REDIS_ENCODING_ZIPMAP) ?
+            zipmapLen((unsigned char*)o->ptr) : dictSize((dict*)o->ptr);
+    addReplyUlong(c,len);
+}
+
+#define REDIS_GETALL_KEYS 1
+#define REDIS_GETALL_VALS 2
+static void genericHgetallCommand(redisClient *c, int flags) {
+    robj *o, *lenobj;
+    unsigned long count = 0;
+
+    if ((o = lookupKeyReadOrReply(c,c->argv[1],shared.nullmultibulk)) == NULL
+        || checkType(c,o,REDIS_HASH)) return;
+
+    lenobj = createObject(REDIS_STRING,NULL);
+    addReply(c,lenobj);
+    decrRefCount(lenobj);
+
+    if (o->encoding == REDIS_ENCODING_ZIPMAP) {
+        unsigned char *p = zipmapRewind(o->ptr);
+        unsigned char *field, *val;
+        unsigned int flen, vlen;
+
+        while((p = zipmapNext(p,&field,&flen,&val,&vlen)) != NULL) {
+            robj *aux;
+
+            if (flags & REDIS_GETALL_KEYS) {
+                aux = createStringObject((char*)field,flen);
+                addReplyBulk(c,aux);
+                decrRefCount(aux);
+                count++;
+            }
+            if (flags & REDIS_GETALL_VALS) {
+                aux = createStringObject((char*)val,vlen);
+                addReplyBulk(c,aux);
+                decrRefCount(aux);
+                count++;
+            }
+        }
+    } else {
+        dictIterator *di = dictGetIterator(o->ptr);
+        dictEntry *de;
+
+        while((de = dictNext(di)) != NULL) {
+            robj *fieldobj = dictGetEntryKey(de);
+            robj *valobj = dictGetEntryVal(de);
 
-                addReplyDouble(c,*score);
+            if (flags & REDIS_GETALL_KEYS) {
+                addReplyBulk(c,fieldobj);
+                count++;
+            }
+            if (flags & REDIS_GETALL_VALS) {
+                addReplyBulk(c,valobj);
+                count++;
             }
         }
+        dictReleaseIterator(di);
+    }
+    lenobj->ptr = sdscatprintf(sdsempty(),"*%lu\r\n",count);
+}
+
+static void hkeysCommand(redisClient *c) {
+    genericHgetallCommand(c,REDIS_GETALL_KEYS);
+}
+
+static void hvalsCommand(redisClient *c) {
+    genericHgetallCommand(c,REDIS_GETALL_VALS);
+}
+
+static void hgetallCommand(redisClient *c) {
+    genericHgetallCommand(c,REDIS_GETALL_KEYS|REDIS_GETALL_VALS);
+}
+
+static void hexistsCommand(redisClient *c) {
+    robj *o;
+    int exists = 0;
+
+    if ((o = lookupKeyReadOrReply(c,c->argv[1],shared.czero)) == NULL ||
+        checkType(c,o,REDIS_HASH)) return;
+
+    if (o->encoding == REDIS_ENCODING_ZIPMAP) {
+        robj *field;
+        unsigned char *zm = o->ptr;
+
+        field = getDecodedObject(c->argv[2]);
+        exists = zipmapExists(zm,field->ptr,sdslen(field->ptr));
+        decrRefCount(field);
+    } else {
+        exists = dictFind(o->ptr,c->argv[2]) != NULL;
+    }
+    addReply(c,exists ? shared.cone : shared.czero);
+}
+
+static void convertToRealHash(robj *o) {
+    unsigned char *key, *val, *p, *zm = o->ptr;
+    unsigned int klen, vlen;
+    dict *dict = dictCreate(&hashDictType,NULL);
+
+    assert(o->type == REDIS_HASH && o->encoding != REDIS_ENCODING_HT);
+    p = zipmapRewind(zm);
+    while((p = zipmapNext(p,&key,&klen,&val,&vlen)) != NULL) {
+        robj *keyobj, *valobj;
+
+        keyobj = createStringObject((char*)key,klen);
+        valobj = createStringObject((char*)val,vlen);
+        tryObjectEncoding(keyobj);
+        tryObjectEncoding(valobj);
+        dictAdd(dict,keyobj,valobj);
     }
+    o->encoding = REDIS_ENCODING_HT;
+    o->ptr = dict;
+    zfree(zm);
 }
 
 /* ========================= Non type-specific commands  ==================== */
@@ -5334,6 +6223,10 @@ static void flushdbCommand(redisClient *c) {
 static void flushallCommand(redisClient *c) {
     server.dirty += emptyDb();
     addReply(c,shared.ok);
+    if (server.bgsavechildpid != -1) {
+        kill(server.bgsavechildpid,SIGKILL);
+        rdbRemoveTempFile(server.bgsavechildpid);
+    }
     rdbSave(server.dbfilename);
     server.dirty++;
 }
@@ -5626,11 +6519,7 @@ static void sortCommand(redisClient *c) {
             listNode *ln;
             listIter li;
 
-            if (!getop) {
-                addReplyBulkLen(c,vector[j].obj);
-                addReply(c,vector[j].obj);
-                addReply(c,shared.crlf);
-            }
+            if (!getop) addReplyBulk(c,vector[j].obj);
             listRewind(operations,&li);
             while((ln = listNext(&li))) {
                 redisSortOperation *sop = ln->value;
@@ -5641,9 +6530,7 @@ static void sortCommand(redisClient *c) {
                     if (!val || val->type != REDIS_STRING) {
                         addReply(c,shared.nullbulk);
                     } else {
-                        addReplyBulkLen(c,val);
-                        addReply(c,val);
-                        addReply(c,shared.crlf);
+                        addReplyBulk(c,val);
                     }
                 } else {
                     redisAssert(sop->type == REDIS_SORT_GET); /* always fails */
@@ -5730,7 +6617,7 @@ static sds genRedisInfoString(void) {
     time_t uptime = time(NULL)-server.stat_starttime;
     int j;
     char hmem[64];
-  
+
     bytesToHuman(hmem,zmalloc_used_memory());
     info = sdscatprintf(sdsempty(),
         "redis_version:%s\r\n"
@@ -5750,6 +6637,9 @@ static sds genRedisInfoString(void) {
         "bgrewriteaof_in_progress:%d\r\n"
         "total_connections_received:%lld\r\n"
         "total_commands_processed:%lld\r\n"
+        "expired_keys:%lld\r\n"
+        "hash_max_zipmap_entries:%ld\r\n"
+        "hash_max_zipmap_value:%ld\r\n"
         "vm_enabled:%d\r\n"
         "role:%s\r\n"
         ,REDIS_VERSION,
@@ -5769,6 +6659,9 @@ static sds genRedisInfoString(void) {
         server.bgrewritechildpid != -1,
         server.stat_numconnections,
         server.stat_numcommands,
+        server.stat_expiredkeys,
+        server.hash_max_zipmap_entries,
+        server.hash_max_zipmap_value,
         server.vm_enabled != 0,
         server.masterhost == NULL ? "master" : "slave"
     );
@@ -5890,6 +6783,7 @@ static int expireIfNeeded(redisDb *db, robj *key) {
 
     /* Delete the key */
     dictDelete(db->expires,key);
+    server.stat_expiredkeys++;
     return dictDelete(db->dict,key) == DICT_OK;
 }
 
@@ -5902,6 +6796,7 @@ static int deleteIfVolatile(redisDb *db, robj *key) {
 
     /* Delete the key */
     server.dirty++;
+    server.stat_expiredkeys++;
     dictDelete(db->expires,key);
     return dictDelete(db->dict,key) == DICT_OK;
 }
@@ -5995,6 +6890,18 @@ static void multiCommand(redisClient *c) {
     addReply(c,shared.ok);
 }
 
+static void discardCommand(redisClient *c) {
+    if (!(c->flags & REDIS_MULTI)) {
+        addReplySds(c,sdsnew("-ERR DISCARD without MULTI\r\n"));
+        return;
+    }
+
+    freeClientMultiState(c);
+    initClientMultiState(c);
+    c->flags &= (~REDIS_MULTI);
+    addReply(c,shared.ok);
+}
+
 static void execCommand(redisClient *c) {
     int j;
     robj **orig_argv;
@@ -6083,7 +6990,6 @@ static void blockForKeys(redisClient *c, robj **keys, int numkeys, time_t timeou
     }
     /* Mark the client as a blocked client */
     c->flags |= REDIS_BLOCKED;
-    aeDeleteFileEvent(server.el,c->fd,AE_READABLE);
     server.blpop_blocked_clients++;
 }
 
@@ -6111,14 +7017,7 @@ static void unblockClientWaitingData(redisClient *c) {
     c->blockingkeys = NULL;
     c->flags &= (~REDIS_BLOCKED);
     server.blpop_blocked_clients--;
-    /* Ok now we are ready to get read events from socket, note that we
-     * can't trap errors here as it's possible that unblockClientWaitingDatas() is
-     * called from freeClient() itself, and the only thing we can do
-     * if we failed to register the READABLE event is to kill the client.
-     * Still the following function should never fail in the real world as
-     * we are sure the file descriptor is sane, and we exit on out of mem. */
-    aeCreateFileEvent(server.el, c->fd, AE_READABLE, readQueryFromClient, c);
-    /* As a final step we want to process data if there is some command waiting
+    /* We want to process data if there is some command waiting
      * in the input buffer. Note that this is safe even if
      * unblockClientWaitingData() gets called from freeClient() because
      * freeClient() will be smart enough to call this function
@@ -6150,12 +7049,8 @@ static int handleClientsWaitingListPush(redisClient *c, robj *key, robj *ele) {
     receiver = ln->value;
 
     addReplySds(receiver,sdsnew("*2\r\n"));
-    addReplyBulkLen(receiver,key);
-    addReply(receiver,key);
-    addReply(receiver,shared.crlf);
-    addReplyBulkLen(receiver,ele);
-    addReply(receiver,ele);
-    addReply(receiver,shared.crlf);
+    addReplyBulk(receiver,key);
+    addReplyBulk(receiver,ele);
     unblockClientWaitingData(receiver);
     return 1;
 }
@@ -6194,9 +7089,7 @@ static void blockingPopGenericCommand(redisClient *c, int where) {
                      * for us. If this souds like an hack to you it's just
                      * because it is... */
                     addReplySds(c,sdsnew("*2\r\n"));
-                    addReplyBulkLen(c,argv[1]);
-                    addReply(c,argv[1]);
-                    addReply(c,shared.crlf);
+                    addReplyBulk(c,argv[1]);
                     popGenericCommand(c,where);
 
                     /* Fix the client structure with the original stuff */
@@ -6458,9 +7351,9 @@ static void updateSlavesWaitingBgsave(int bgsaveerr) {
 
 static int syncWithMaster(void) {
     char buf[1024], tmpfile[256], authcmd[1024];
-    int dumpsize;
+    long dumpsize;
     int fd = anetTcpConnect(NULL,server.masterhost,server.masterport);
-    int dfd;
+    int dfd, maxtries = 5;
 
     if (fd == -1) {
         redisLog(REDIS_WARNING,"Unable to connect to MASTER: %s",
@@ -6510,11 +7403,16 @@ static int syncWithMaster(void) {
         redisLog(REDIS_WARNING,"Bad protocol from MASTER, the first byte is not '$', are you sure the host and port are right?");
         return REDIS_ERR;
     }
-    dumpsize = atoi(buf+1);
-    redisLog(REDIS_NOTICE,"Receiving %d bytes data dump from MASTER",dumpsize);
+    dumpsize = strtol(buf+1,NULL,10);
+    redisLog(REDIS_NOTICE,"Receiving %ld bytes data dump from MASTER",dumpsize);
     /* Read the bulk write data on a temp file */
-    snprintf(tmpfile,256,"temp-%d.%ld.rdb",(int)time(NULL),(long int)random());
-    dfd = open(tmpfile,O_CREAT|O_WRONLY,0644);
+    while(maxtries--) {
+        snprintf(tmpfile,256,
+            "temp-%d.%ld.rdb",(int)time(NULL),(long int)getpid());
+        dfd = open(tmpfile,O_CREAT|O_WRONLY|O_EXCL,0644);
+        if (dfd != -1) break;
+        sleep(1);
+    }
     if (dfd == -1) {
         close(fd);
         redisLog(REDIS_WARNING,"Opening the temp file needed for MASTER <-> SLAVE synchronization: %s",strerror(errno));
@@ -6854,7 +7752,7 @@ fmterr:
 }
 
 /* Write an object into a file in the bulk format $<count>\r\n<payload>\r\n */
-static int fwriteBulk(FILE *fp, robj *obj) {
+static int fwriteBulkObject(FILE *fp, robj *obj) {
     char buf[128];
     int decrrc = 0;
 
@@ -6879,6 +7777,18 @@ err:
     return 0;
 }
 
+/* Write binary-safe string into a file in the bulkformat
+ * $<count>\r\n<payload>\r\n */
+static int fwriteBulkString(FILE *fp, char *s, unsigned long len) {
+    char buf[128];
+
+    snprintf(buf,sizeof(buf),"$%ld\r\n",(unsigned long)len);
+    if (fwrite(buf,strlen(buf),1,fp) == 0) return 0;
+    if (len && fwrite(s,len,1,fp) == 0) return 0;
+    if (fwrite("\r\n",2,1,fp) == 0) return 0;
+    return 1;
+}
+
 /* Write a double value in bulk format $<count>\r\n<payload>\r\n */
 static int fwriteBulkDouble(FILE *fp, double d) {
     char buf[128], dbuf[128];
@@ -6961,8 +7871,8 @@ static int rewriteAppendOnlyFile(char *filename) {
                 char cmd[]="*3\r\n$3\r\nSET\r\n";
                 if (fwrite(cmd,sizeof(cmd)-1,1,fp) == 0) goto werr;
                 /* Key and value */
-                if (fwriteBulk(fp,key) == 0) goto werr;
-                if (fwriteBulk(fp,o) == 0) goto werr;
+                if (fwriteBulkObject(fp,key) == 0) goto werr;
+                if (fwriteBulkObject(fp,o) == 0) goto werr;
             } else if (o->type == REDIS_LIST) {
                 /* Emit the RPUSHes needed to rebuild the list */
                 list *list = o->ptr;
@@ -6975,8 +7885,8 @@ static int rewriteAppendOnlyFile(char *filename) {
                     robj *eleobj = listNodeValue(ln);
 
                     if (fwrite(cmd,sizeof(cmd)-1,1,fp) == 0) goto werr;
-                    if (fwriteBulk(fp,key) == 0) goto werr;
-                    if (fwriteBulk(fp,eleobj) == 0) goto werr;
+                    if (fwriteBulkObject(fp,key) == 0) goto werr;
+                    if (fwriteBulkObject(fp,eleobj) == 0) goto werr;
                 }
             } else if (o->type == REDIS_SET) {
                 /* Emit the SADDs needed to rebuild the set */
@@ -6989,8 +7899,8 @@ static int rewriteAppendOnlyFile(char *filename) {
                     robj *eleobj = dictGetEntryKey(de);
 
                     if (fwrite(cmd,sizeof(cmd)-1,1,fp) == 0) goto werr;
-                    if (fwriteBulk(fp,key) == 0) goto werr;
-                    if (fwriteBulk(fp,eleobj) == 0) goto werr;
+                    if (fwriteBulkObject(fp,key) == 0) goto werr;
+                    if (fwriteBulkObject(fp,eleobj) == 0) goto werr;
                 }
                 dictReleaseIterator(di);
             } else if (o->type == REDIS_ZSET) {
@@ -7005,13 +7915,45 @@ static int rewriteAppendOnlyFile(char *filename) {
                     double *score = dictGetEntryVal(de);
 
                     if (fwrite(cmd,sizeof(cmd)-1,1,fp) == 0) goto werr;
-                    if (fwriteBulk(fp,key) == 0) goto werr;
+                    if (fwriteBulkObject(fp,key) == 0) goto werr;
                     if (fwriteBulkDouble(fp,*score) == 0) goto werr;
-                    if (fwriteBulk(fp,eleobj) == 0) goto werr;
+                    if (fwriteBulkObject(fp,eleobj) == 0) goto werr;
                 }
                 dictReleaseIterator(di);
+            } else if (o->type == REDIS_HASH) {
+                char cmd[]="*4\r\n$4\r\nHSET\r\n";
+
+                /* Emit the HSETs needed to rebuild the hash */
+                if (o->encoding == REDIS_ENCODING_ZIPMAP) {
+                    unsigned char *p = zipmapRewind(o->ptr);
+                    unsigned char *field, *val;
+                    unsigned int flen, vlen;
+
+                    while((p = zipmapNext(p,&field,&flen,&val,&vlen)) != NULL) {
+                        if (fwrite(cmd,sizeof(cmd)-1,1,fp) == 0) goto werr;
+                        if (fwriteBulkObject(fp,key) == 0) goto werr;
+                        if (fwriteBulkString(fp,(char*)field,flen) == -1)
+                            return -1;
+                        if (fwriteBulkString(fp,(char*)val,vlen) == -1)
+                            return -1;
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    dictIterator *di = dictGetIterator(o->ptr);
+                    dictEntry *de;
+
+                    while((de = dictNext(di)) != NULL) {
+                        robj *field = dictGetEntryKey(de);
+                        robj *val = dictGetEntryVal(de);
+
+                        if (fwrite(cmd,sizeof(cmd)-1,1,fp) == 0) goto werr;
+                        if (fwriteBulkObject(fp,key) == 0) goto werr;
+                        if (fwriteBulkObject(fp,field) == -1) return -1;
+                        if (fwriteBulkObject(fp,val) == -1) return -1;
+                    }
+                    dictReleaseIterator(di);
+                }
             } else {
-                redisAssert(0 != 0);
+                redisAssert(0);
             }
             /* Save the expire time */
             if (expiretime != -1) {
@@ -7019,7 +7961,7 @@ static int rewriteAppendOnlyFile(char *filename) {
                 /* If this key is already expired skip it */
                 if (expiretime < now) continue;
                 if (fwrite(cmd,sizeof(cmd)-1,1,fp) == 0) goto werr;
-                if (fwriteBulk(fp,key) == 0) goto werr;
+                if (fwriteBulkObject(fp,key) == 0) goto werr;
                 if (fwriteBulkLong(fp,expiretime) == 0) goto werr;
             }
             if (swapped) decrRefCount(o);
@@ -7233,8 +8175,6 @@ static void vmMarkPageUsed(off_t page) {
     int bit = page&7;
     redisAssert(vmFreePage(page) == 1);
     server.vm_bitmap[byte] |= 1<<bit;
-    redisLog(REDIS_DEBUG,"Mark used: %lld (byte:%lld bit:%d)\n",
-        (long long)page, (long long)byte, bit);
 }
 
 /* Mark N contiguous pages as used, with 'page' being the first. */
@@ -7244,6 +8184,8 @@ static void vmMarkPagesUsed(off_t page, off_t count) {
     for (j = 0; j < count; j++)
         vmMarkPageUsed(page+j);
     server.vm_stats_used_pages += count;
+    redisLog(REDIS_DEBUG,"Mark USED pages: %lld pages at %lld\n",
+        (long long)count, (long long)page);
 }
 
 /* Mark the page as free */
@@ -7252,8 +8194,6 @@ static void vmMarkPageFree(off_t page) {
     int bit = page&7;
     redisAssert(vmFreePage(page) == 0);
     server.vm_bitmap[byte] &= ~(1<<bit);
-    redisLog(REDIS_DEBUG,"Mark free: %lld (byte:%lld bit:%d)\n",
-        (long long)page, (long long)byte, bit);
 }
 
 /* Mark N contiguous pages as free, with 'page' being the first. */
@@ -7263,9 +8203,8 @@ static void vmMarkPagesFree(off_t page, off_t count) {
     for (j = 0; j < count; j++)
         vmMarkPageFree(page+j);
     server.vm_stats_used_pages -= count;
-    if (server.vm_stats_used_pages > 100000000) {
-        *((char*)-1) = 'x';
-    }
+    redisLog(REDIS_DEBUG,"Mark FREE pages: %lld pages at %lld\n",
+        (long long)count, (long long)page);
 }
 
 /* Test if the page is free */
@@ -7316,7 +8255,6 @@ static int vmFindContiguousPages(off_t *first, off_t n) {
                 numfree = 0;
             }
         }
-        redisLog(REDIS_DEBUG, "THIS: %lld (%c)\n", (long long) this, vmFreePage(this) ? 'F' : 'X');
         if (vmFreePage(this)) {
             /* This is a free page */
             numfree++;
@@ -7324,6 +8262,7 @@ static int vmFindContiguousPages(off_t *first, off_t n) {
             if (numfree == n) {
                 *first = this-(n-1);
                 server.vm_next_page = this+1;
+                redisLog(REDIS_DEBUG, "FOUND CONTIGUOUS PAGES: %lld pages at %lld\n", (long long) n, (long long) *first);
                 return REDIS_OK;
             }
         } else {
@@ -7354,11 +8293,12 @@ static int vmWriteObjectOnSwap(robj *o, off_t page) {
     if (fseeko(server.vm_fp,page*server.vm_page_size,SEEK_SET) == -1) {
         if (server.vm_enabled) pthread_mutex_unlock(&server.io_swapfile_mutex);
         redisLog(REDIS_WARNING,
-            "Critical VM problem in vmSwapObjectBlocking(): can't seek: %s",
+            "Critical VM problem in vmWriteObjectOnSwap(): can't seek: %s",
             strerror(errno));
         return REDIS_ERR;
     }
     rdbSaveObject(server.vm_fp,o);
+    fflush(server.vm_fp);
     if (server.vm_enabled) pthread_mutex_unlock(&server.io_swapfile_mutex);
     return REDIS_OK;
 }
@@ -7386,7 +8326,6 @@ static int vmSwapObjectBlocking(robj *key, robj *val) {
         (unsigned long long) page, (unsigned long long) pages);
     server.vm_stats_swapped_objects++;
     server.vm_stats_swapouts++;
-    fflush(server.vm_fp);
     return REDIS_OK;
 }
 
@@ -7514,8 +8453,40 @@ static double computeObjectSwappability(robj *o) {
             if (z) asize += sizeof(zskiplistNode)*dictSize(d);
         }
         break;
+    case REDIS_HASH:
+        if (o->encoding == REDIS_ENCODING_ZIPMAP) {
+            unsigned char *p = zipmapRewind((unsigned char*)o->ptr);
+            unsigned int len = zipmapLen((unsigned char*)o->ptr);
+            unsigned int klen, vlen;
+            unsigned char *key, *val;
+
+            if ((p = zipmapNext(p,&key,&klen,&val,&vlen)) == NULL) {
+                klen = 0;
+                vlen = 0;
+            }
+            asize = len*(klen+vlen+3);
+        } else if (o->encoding == REDIS_ENCODING_HT) {
+            d = o->ptr;
+            asize = sizeof(dict)+(sizeof(struct dictEntry*)*dictSlots(d));
+            if (dictSize(d)) {
+                long elesize;
+                robj *ele;
+
+                de = dictGetRandomKey(d);
+                ele = dictGetEntryKey(de);
+                elesize = (ele->encoding == REDIS_ENCODING_RAW) ?
+                                (sizeof(*o)+sdslen(ele->ptr)) :
+                                sizeof(*o);
+                ele = dictGetEntryVal(de);
+                elesize = (ele->encoding == REDIS_ENCODING_RAW) ?
+                                (sizeof(*o)+sdslen(ele->ptr)) :
+                                sizeof(*o);
+                asize += (sizeof(struct dictEntry)+elesize)*dictSize(d);
+            }
+        }
+        break;
     }
-    return (double)asize*log(1+asize);
+    return (double)age*log(1+asize);
 }
 
 /* Try to swap an object that's a good candidate for swapping.
@@ -7566,10 +8537,7 @@ static int vmSwapOneObject(int usethreads) {
             }
         }
     }
-    if (best == NULL) {
-        redisLog(REDIS_DEBUG,"No swappable key found!");
-        return REDIS_ERR;
-    }
+    if (best == NULL) return REDIS_ERR;
     key = dictGetEntryKey(best);
     val = dictGetEntryVal(best);
 
@@ -7873,8 +8841,8 @@ static void *IOThreadEntryPoint(void *arg) {
         lockThreadedIO();
         if (listLength(server.io_newjobs) == 0) {
             /* No new jobs in queue, exit. */
-            redisLog(REDIS_DEBUG,"Thread %lld exiting, nothing to do",
-                (long long) pthread_self());
+            redisLog(REDIS_DEBUG,"Thread %ld exiting, nothing to do",
+                (long) pthread_self());
             server.io_active_threads--;
             unlockThreadedIO();
             return NULL;
@@ -7887,8 +8855,8 @@ static void *IOThreadEntryPoint(void *arg) {
         listAddNodeTail(server.io_processing,j);
         ln = listLast(server.io_processing); /* We use ln later to remove it */
         unlockThreadedIO();
-        redisLog(REDIS_DEBUG,"Thread %lld got a new job (type %d): %p about key '%s'",
-            (long long) pthread_self(), j->type, (void*)j, (char*)j->key->ptr);
+        redisLog(REDIS_DEBUG,"Thread %ld got a new job (type %d): %p about key '%s'",
+            (long) pthread_self(), j->type, (void*)j, (char*)j->key->ptr);
 
         /* Process the Job */
         if (j->type == REDIS_IOJOB_LOAD) {
@@ -7903,8 +8871,8 @@ static void *IOThreadEntryPoint(void *arg) {
         }
 
         /* Done: insert the job into the processed queue */
-        redisLog(REDIS_DEBUG,"Thread %lld completed the job: %p (key %s)",
-            (long long) pthread_self(), (void*)j, (char*)j->key->ptr);
+        redisLog(REDIS_DEBUG,"Thread %ld completed the job: %p (key %s)",
+            (long) pthread_self(), (void*)j, (char*)j->key->ptr);
         lockThreadedIO();
         listDelNode(server.io_processing,ln);
         listAddNodeTail(server.io_processed,j);
@@ -7919,13 +8887,18 @@ static void *IOThreadEntryPoint(void *arg) {
 static void spawnIOThread(void) {
     pthread_t thread;
     sigset_t mask, omask;
+    int err;
 
     sigemptyset(&mask);
     sigaddset(&mask,SIGCHLD);
     sigaddset(&mask,SIGHUP);
     sigaddset(&mask,SIGPIPE);
     pthread_sigmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mask, &omask);
-    pthread_create(&thread,&server.io_threads_attr,IOThreadEntryPoint,NULL);
+    while ((err = pthread_create(&thread,&server.io_threads_attr,IOThreadEntryPoint,NULL)) != 0) {
+        redisLog(REDIS_WARNING,"Unable to spawn an I/O thread: %s",
+            strerror(err));
+        usleep(1000000);
+    }
     pthread_sigmask(SIG_SETMASK, &omask, NULL);
     server.io_active_threads++;
 }
@@ -8070,6 +9043,15 @@ static int waitForSwappedKey(redisClient *c, robj *key) {
     return 1;
 }
 
+/* Preload keys needed for the ZUNION and ZINTER commands. */
+static void zunionInterBlockClientOnSwappedKeys(redisClient *c) {
+    int i, num;
+    num = atoi(c->argv[2]->ptr);
+    for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
+        waitForSwappedKey(c,c->argv[3+i]);
+    }
+}
+
 /* Is this client attempting to run a command against swapped keys?
  * If so, block it ASAP, load the keys in background, then resume it.
  *
@@ -8081,9 +9063,18 @@ static int waitForSwappedKey(redisClient *c, robj *key) {
  * Return 1 if the client is marked as blocked, 0 if the client can
  * continue as the keys it is going to access appear to be in memory. */
 static int blockClientOnSwappedKeys(struct redisCommand *cmd, redisClient *c) {
-    if (cmd->proc == getCommand) {
-        waitForSwappedKey(c,c->argv[1]);
+    int j, last;
+
+    if (cmd->vm_preload_proc != NULL) {
+        cmd->vm_preload_proc(c);
+    } else {
+        if (cmd->vm_firstkey == 0) return 0;
+        last = cmd->vm_lastkey;
+        if (last < 0) last = c->argc+last;
+        for (j = cmd->vm_firstkey; j <= last; j += cmd->vm_keystep)
+            waitForSwappedKey(c,c->argv[j]);
     }
+
     /* If the client was blocked for at least one key, mark it as blocked. */
     if (listLength(c->io_keys)) {
         c->flags |= REDIS_IO_WAIT;
@@ -8153,6 +9144,94 @@ static void handleClientsBlockedOnSwappedKey(redisDb *db, robj *key) {
     }
 }
 
+/* =========================== Remote Configuration ========================= */
+
+static void configSetCommand(redisClient *c) {
+    robj *o = getDecodedObject(c->argv[3]);
+    if (!strcasecmp(c->argv[2]->ptr,"dbfilename")) {
+        zfree(server.dbfilename);
+        server.dbfilename = zstrdup(o->ptr);
+    } else if (!strcasecmp(c->argv[2]->ptr,"requirepass")) {
+        zfree(server.requirepass);
+        server.requirepass = zstrdup(o->ptr);
+    } else if (!strcasecmp(c->argv[2]->ptr,"masterauth")) {
+        zfree(server.masterauth);
+        server.masterauth = zstrdup(o->ptr);
+    } else if (!strcasecmp(c->argv[2]->ptr,"maxmemory")) {
+        server.maxmemory = strtoll(o->ptr, NULL, 10);
+    } else {
+        addReplySds(c,sdscatprintf(sdsempty(),
+            "-ERR not supported CONFIG parameter %s\r\n",
+            (char*)c->argv[2]->ptr));
+        decrRefCount(o);
+        return;
+    }
+    decrRefCount(o);
+    addReply(c,shared.ok);
+}
+
+static void configGetCommand(redisClient *c) {
+    robj *o = getDecodedObject(c->argv[2]);
+    robj *lenobj = createObject(REDIS_STRING,NULL);
+    char *pattern = o->ptr;
+    int matches = 0;
+
+    addReply(c,lenobj);
+    decrRefCount(lenobj);
+
+    if (stringmatch(pattern,"dbfilename",0)) {
+        addReplyBulkCString(c,"dbfilename");
+        addReplyBulkCString(c,server.dbfilename);
+        matches++;
+    }
+    if (stringmatch(pattern,"requirepass",0)) {
+        addReplyBulkCString(c,"requirepass");
+        addReplyBulkCString(c,server.requirepass);
+        matches++;
+    }
+    if (stringmatch(pattern,"masterauth",0)) {
+        addReplyBulkCString(c,"masterauth");
+        addReplyBulkCString(c,server.masterauth);
+        matches++;
+    }
+    if (stringmatch(pattern,"maxmemory",0)) {
+        char buf[128];
+
+        snprintf(buf,128,"%llu\n",server.maxmemory);
+        addReplyBulkCString(c,"maxmemory");
+        addReplyBulkCString(c,buf);
+        matches++;
+    }
+    decrRefCount(o);
+    lenobj->ptr = sdscatprintf(sdsempty(),"*%d\r\n",matches*2);
+}
+
+static void configCommand(redisClient *c) {
+    if (!strcasecmp(c->argv[1]->ptr,"set")) {
+        if (c->argc != 4) goto badarity;
+        configSetCommand(c);
+    } else if (!strcasecmp(c->argv[1]->ptr,"get")) {
+        if (c->argc != 3) goto badarity;
+        configGetCommand(c);
+    } else if (!strcasecmp(c->argv[1]->ptr,"resetstat")) {
+        if (c->argc != 2) goto badarity;
+        server.stat_numcommands = 0;
+        server.stat_numconnections = 0;
+        server.stat_expiredkeys = 0;
+        server.stat_starttime = time(NULL);
+        addReply(c,shared.ok);
+    } else {
+        addReplySds(c,sdscatprintf(sdsempty(),
+            "-ERR CONFIG subcommand must be one of GET, SET, RESETSTAT\r\n"));
+    }
+    return;
+
+badarity:
+    addReplySds(c,sdscatprintf(sdsempty(),
+        "-ERR Wrong number of arguments for CONFIG %s\r\n",
+        (char*) c->argv[1]->ptr));
+}
+
 /* ================================= Debugging ============================== */
 
 static void debugCommand(redisClient *c) {
@@ -8190,11 +9269,20 @@ static void debugCommand(redisClient *c) {
         val = dictGetEntryVal(de);
         if (!server.vm_enabled || (key->storage == REDIS_VM_MEMORY ||
                                    key->storage == REDIS_VM_SWAPPING)) {
+            char *strenc;
+            char buf[128];
+
+            if (val->encoding < (sizeof(strencoding)/sizeof(char*))) {
+                strenc = strencoding[val->encoding];
+            } else {
+                snprintf(buf,64,"unknown encoding %d\n", val->encoding);
+                strenc = buf;
+            }
             addReplySds(c,sdscatprintf(sdsempty(),
                 "+Key at:%p refcount:%d, value at:%p refcount:%d "
-                "encoding:%d serializedlength:%lld\r\n",
+                "encoding:%s serializedlength:%lld\r\n",
                 (void*)key, key->refcount, (void*)val, val->refcount,
-                val->encoding, (long long) rdbSavedObjectLen(val,NULL)));
+                strenc, (long long) rdbSavedObjectLen(val,NULL)));
         } else {
             addReplySds(c,sdscatprintf(sdsempty(),
                 "+Key at:%p refcount:%d, value swapped at: page %llu "
@@ -8294,16 +9382,29 @@ static void daemonize(void) {
     }
 }
 
+static void version() {
+    printf("Redis server version %s\n", REDIS_VERSION);
+    exit(0);
+}
+
+static void usage() {
+    fprintf(stderr,"Usage: ./redis-server [/path/to/redis.conf]\n");
+    fprintf(stderr,"       ./redis-server - (read config from stdin)\n");
+    exit(1);
+}
+
 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
     time_t start;
 
     initServerConfig();
     if (argc == 2) {
+        if (strcmp(argv[1], "-v") == 0 ||
+            strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0) version();
+        if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0) usage();
         resetServerSaveParams();
         loadServerConfig(argv[1]);
-    } else if (argc > 2) {
-        fprintf(stderr,"Usage: ./redis-server [/path/to/redis.conf]\n");
-        exit(1);
+    } else if ((argc > 2)) {
+        usage();
     } else {
         redisLog(REDIS_WARNING,"Warning: no config file specified, using the default config. In order to specify a config file use 'redis-server /path/to/redis.conf'");
     }
@@ -8350,7 +9451,7 @@ static void *getMcontextEip(ucontext_t *uc) {
   #else
     return (void*) uc->uc_mcontext->__ss.__eip;
   #endif 
-#elif defined(__i386__) || defined(__X86_64__)  || defined(__x86_64__)
+#elif defined(__i386__) || defined(__X86_64__) || defined(__x86_64__)
     return (void*) uc->uc_mcontext.gregs[REG_EIP]; /* Linux 32/64 bit */
 #elif defined(__ia64__) /* Linux IA64 */
     return (void*) uc->uc_mcontext.sc_ip;