]> git.saurik.com Git - ldid.git/blobdiff - ldid.cpp
Support the newer DER-encoded hash X509 attribute.
[ldid.git] / ldid.cpp
index b1b97bc0c8043526f91b2e4ecf12781dfdc89b9b..6ee77c21851c4949b4d9ded5969abacb637f7256 100644 (file)
--- a/ldid.cpp
+++ b/ldid.cpp
@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@
 
 #ifndef LDID_NOSMIME
 #include <openssl/err.h>
+#include <openssl/asn1t.h>
 #include <openssl/pem.h>
 #include <openssl/pkcs7.h>
 #include <openssl/pkcs12.h>
@@ -515,6 +516,10 @@ static std::streamsize read(std::streambuf &stream, void *data, size_t size) {
     return writ;
 }
 
+static inline void put(std::streambuf &stream, uint8_t value) {
+    _assert(stream.sputc(value) != EOF);
+}
+
 static inline void get(std::streambuf &stream, void *data, size_t size) {
     _assert(read(stream, data, size) == size);
 }
@@ -533,6 +538,10 @@ static inline void put(std::streambuf &stream, const void *data, size_t size, co
     }
 }
 
+static inline void put(std::streambuf &stream, const std::string &data) {
+    return put(stream, data.data(), data.size());
+}
+
 static size_t most(std::streambuf &stream, void *data, size_t size) {
     size_t total(size);
     while (size > 0)
@@ -559,6 +568,156 @@ Type_ Align(Type_ value, size_t align) {
 static const uint8_t PageShift_(0x0c);
 static const uint32_t PageSize_(1 << PageShift_);
 
+static inline unsigned bytes(uint64_t value) {
+    return (64 - __builtin_clzll(value) + 7) / 8;
+}
+
+static void put(std::streambuf &stream, uint64_t value, size_t length) {
+    length *= 8;
+    do put(stream, uint8_t(value >> (length -= 8)));
+    while (length != 0);
+}
+
+static void der(std::streambuf &stream, uint64_t value) {
+    if (value < 128)
+        put(stream, value);
+    else {
+        unsigned length(bytes(value));
+        put(stream, 0x80 | length);
+        put(stream, value, length);
+    }
+}
+
+static std::string der(uint8_t tag, const char *value, size_t length) {
+    std::stringbuf data;
+    put(data, tag);
+    der(data, length);
+    put(data, value, length);
+    return data.str();
+}
+
+static std::string der(uint8_t tag, const char *value) {
+    return der(tag, value, strlen(value)); }
+static std::string der(uint8_t tag, const std::string &value) {
+    return der(tag, value.data(), value.size()); }
+
+template <typename Type_>
+static void der_(std::stringbuf &data, const Type_ &values) {
+    size_t size(0);
+    for (const auto &value : values)
+        size += value.size();
+    der(data, size);
+    for (const auto &value : values)
+        put(data, value);
+}
+
+static std::string der(const std::vector<std::string> &values) {
+    std::stringbuf data;
+    put(data, 0x30);
+    der_(data, values);
+    return data.str();
+}
+
+static std::string der(const std::multiset<std::string> &values) {
+    std::stringbuf data;
+    put(data, 0x31);
+    der_(data, values);
+    return data.str();
+}
+
+static std::string der(const std::pair<std::string, std::string> &value) {
+    const auto key(der(0x0c, value.first));
+    std::stringbuf data;
+    put(data, 0x30);
+    der(data, key.size() + value.second.size());
+    put(data, key);
+    put(data, value.second);
+    return data.str();
+}
+
+#ifndef LDID_NOPLIST
+static std::string der(plist_t data) {
+    switch (const auto type = plist_get_node_type(data)) {
+        case PLIST_BOOLEAN: {
+            uint8_t value(0);
+            plist_get_bool_val(data, &value);
+
+            std::stringbuf data;
+            put(data, 0x01);
+            der(data, 1);
+            put(data, value != 0 ? 1 : 0);
+            return data.str();
+        } break;
+
+        case PLIST_UINT: {
+            uint64_t value;
+            plist_get_uint_val(data, &value);
+            const auto length(bytes(value));
+
+            std::stringbuf data;
+            put(data, 0x02);
+            der(data, length);
+            put(data, value, length);
+            return data.str();
+        } break;
+
+        case PLIST_REAL: {
+            _assert(false);
+        } break;
+
+        case PLIST_DATE: {
+            _assert(false);
+        } break;
+
+        case PLIST_DATA: {
+            char *value;
+            uint64_t length;
+            plist_get_data_val(data, &value, &length);
+            _scope({ free(value); });
+            return der(0x04, value, length);
+        } break;
+
+        case PLIST_STRING: {
+            char *value;
+            plist_get_string_val(data, &value);
+            _scope({ free(value); });
+            return der(0x0c, value);
+        } break;
+
+        case PLIST_ARRAY: {
+            std::vector<std::string> values;
+            for (auto e(plist_array_get_size(data)), i(decltype(e)(0)); i != e; ++i)
+                values.push_back(der(plist_array_get_item(data, i)));
+            return der(values);
+        } break;
+
+        case PLIST_DICT: {
+            std::multiset<std::string> values;
+
+            plist_dict_iter iterator(NULL);
+            plist_dict_new_iter(data, &iterator);
+            _scope({ free(iterator); });
+
+            for (;;) {
+                char *key(NULL);
+                plist_t value(NULL);
+                plist_dict_next_item(data, iterator, &key, &value);
+                if (key == NULL)
+                    break;
+                _scope({ free(key); });
+                values.insert(der(std::make_pair(key, der(value))));
+            }
+
+            return der(values);
+        } break;
+
+        default: {
+            _assert_(false, "unsupported plist type %d", type);
+        } break;
+    }
+}
+#endif
+
 static inline uint16_t Swap_(uint16_t value) {
     return
         ((value >>  8) & 0x00ff) |
@@ -843,6 +1002,7 @@ class FatHeader :
 #define CSMAGIC_EMBEDDED_SIGNATURE     uint32_t(0xfade0cc0)
 #define CSMAGIC_EMBEDDED_SIGNATURE_OLD uint32_t(0xfade0b02)
 #define CSMAGIC_EMBEDDED_ENTITLEMENTS  uint32_t(0xfade7171)
+#define CSMAGIC_EMBEDDED_DERFORMAT     uint32_t(0xfade7172) // name?
 #define CSMAGIC_DETACHED_SIGNATURE     uint32_t(0xfade0cc1)
 #define CSMAGIC_BLOBWRAPPER            uint32_t(0xfade0b01)
 
@@ -852,6 +1012,8 @@ class FatHeader :
 #define CSSLOT_RESOURCEDIR   uint32_t(0x00003)
 #define CSSLOT_APPLICATION   uint32_t(0x00004)
 #define CSSLOT_ENTITLEMENTS  uint32_t(0x00005)
+#define CSSLOT_REPSPECIFIC   uint32_t(0x00006) // name?
+#define CSSLOT_DERFORMAT     uint32_t(0x00007) // name?
 #define CSSLOT_ALTERNATE     uint32_t(0x01000)
 
 #define CSSLOT_SIGNATURESLOT uint32_t(0x10000)
@@ -861,6 +1023,26 @@ class FatHeader :
 #define CS_HASHTYPE_SHA256_160 3
 #define CS_HASHTYPE_SHA386_386 4
 
+#if 0
+#define CS_EXECSEG_MAIN_BINARY     0x001 /* executable segment denotes main binary */
+#define CS_EXECSEG_ALLOW_UNSIGNED  0x010 /* allow unsigned pages (for debugging) */
+#define CS_EXECSEG_DEBUGGER        0x020 /* main binary is debugger */
+#define CS_EXECSEG_JIT             0x040 /* JIT enabled */
+#define CS_EXECSEG_SKIP_LV         0x080 /* skip library validation */
+#define CS_EXECSEG_CAN_LOAD_CDHASH 0x100 /* can bless cdhash for execution */
+#define CS_EXECSEG_CAN_EXEC_CDHASH 0x200 /* can execute blessed cdhash */
+#else
+enum SecCodeExecSegFlags {
+    kSecCodeExecSegMainBinary = 0x001,
+    kSecCodeExecSegAllowUnsigned = 0x010,
+    kSecCodeExecSegDebugger = 0x020,
+    kSecCodeExecSegJit = 0x040,
+    kSecCodeExecSegSkipLibraryVal = 0x080,
+    kSecCodeExecSegCanLoadCdHash = 0x100,
+    kSecCodeExecSegCanExecCdHash = 0x100,
+};
+#endif
+
 struct BlobIndex {
     uint32_t type;
     uint32_t offset;
@@ -892,8 +1074,22 @@ struct CodeDirectory {
     uint32_t spare2;
     uint32_t scatterOffset;
     uint32_t teamIDOffset;
-    //uint32_t spare3;
-    //uint64_t codeLimit64;
+    uint32_t spare3;
+    uint64_t codeLimit64;
+    uint64_t execSegBase;
+    uint64_t execSegLimit;
+    uint64_t execSegFlags;
+#if 0 // version = 0x20500
+    uint32_t runtime;
+    uint32_t preEncryptOffset;
+#endif
+#if 0 // version = 0x20600
+    uint8_t linkageHashType;
+    uint8_t linkageTruncated;
+    uint16_t spare4;
+    uint32_t linkageOffset;
+    uint32_t linkageSize;
+#endif
 } _packed;
 
 enum CodeSignatureFlags {
@@ -962,10 +1158,12 @@ extern "C" uint32_t hash(uint8_t *k, uint32_t length, uint32_t initval);
 struct Algorithm {
     size_t size_;
     uint8_t type_;
+    int nid_;
 
-    Algorithm(size_t size, uint8_t type) :
+    Algorithm(size_t size, uint8_t type, int nid) :
         size_(size),
-        type_(type)
+        type_(type),
+        nid_(nid)
     {
     }
 
@@ -982,7 +1180,7 @@ struct AlgorithmSHA1 :
     Algorithm
 {
     AlgorithmSHA1() :
-        Algorithm(LDID_SHA1_DIGEST_LENGTH, CS_HASHTYPE_SHA160_160)
+        Algorithm(LDID_SHA1_DIGEST_LENGTH, CS_HASHTYPE_SHA160_160, NID_sha1)
     {
     }
 
@@ -1012,7 +1210,7 @@ struct AlgorithmSHA256 :
     Algorithm
 {
     AlgorithmSHA256() :
-        Algorithm(LDID_SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH, CS_HASHTYPE_SHA256_256)
+        Algorithm(LDID_SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH, CS_HASHTYPE_SHA256_256, NID_sha256)
     {
     }
 
@@ -1058,13 +1256,14 @@ static const std::vector<Algorithm *> &GetAlgorithms() {
 
 struct Baton {
     std::string entitlements_;
+    std::string derformat_;
 };
 
 struct CodesignAllocation {
     FatMachHeader mach_header_;
-    uint32_t offset_;
+    uint64_t offset_;
     uint32_t size_;
-    uint32_t limit_;
+    uint64_t limit_;
     uint32_t alloc_;
     uint32_t align_;
     const char *arch_;
@@ -1223,7 +1422,7 @@ std::string Analyze(const void *data, size_t size) {
     return entitlements;
 }
 
-static void Allocate(const void *idata, size_t isize, std::streambuf &output, const Functor<size_t (const MachHeader &, Baton &, size_t)> &allocate, const Functor<size_t (const MachHeader &, const Baton &, std::streambuf &output, size_t, const std::string &, const char *, const Progress &)> &save, const Progress &progress) {
+static void Allocate(const void *idata, size_t isize, std::streambuf &output, const Functor<size_t (const MachHeader &, Baton &, size_t)> &allocate, const Functor<size_t (const MachHeader &, const Baton &, std::streambuf &output, size_t, size_t, size_t, const std::string &, const char *, const Progress &)> &save, const Progress &progress) {
     FatHeader source(const_cast<void *>(idata), isize);
 
     size_t offset(0);
@@ -1327,14 +1526,27 @@ static void Allocate(const void *idata, size_t isize, std::streambuf &output, co
         put(output, &fat_header, sizeof(fat_header));
         position += sizeof(fat_header);
 
+        // XXX: support fat_arch_64 (not in my toolchain)
+        // probably use C++14 generic lambda (not in my toolchain)
+
+        _assert_(![&]() {
+            _foreach (allocation, allocations) {
+                const auto offset(allocation.offset_);
+                const auto size(allocation.limit_ + allocation.alloc_);
+                if (uint32_t(offset) != offset || uint32_t(size) != size)
+                    return true;
+            }
+            return false;
+        }(), "FAT slice >=4GiB not currently supported");
+
         _foreach (allocation, allocations) {
             auto &mach_header(allocation.mach_header_);
 
             fat_arch fat_arch;
             fat_arch.cputype = Swap(mach_header->cputype);
             fat_arch.cpusubtype = Swap(mach_header->cpusubtype);
-            fat_arch.offset = Swap(allocation.offset_);
-            fat_arch.size = Swap(allocation.limit_ + allocation.alloc_);
+            fat_arch.offset = Swap(uint32_t(allocation.offset_));
+            fat_arch.size = Swap(uint32_t(allocation.limit_ + allocation.alloc_));
             fat_arch.align = Swap(allocation.align_);
             put(output, &fat_arch, sizeof(fat_arch));
             position += sizeof(fat_arch);
@@ -1348,6 +1560,9 @@ static void Allocate(const void *idata, size_t isize, std::streambuf &output, co
         pad(output, allocation.offset_ - position);
         position = allocation.offset_;
 
+        size_t left(-1);
+        size_t right(0);
+
         std::vector<std::string> commands;
 
         _foreach (load_command, mach_header.GetLoadCommands()) {
@@ -1358,22 +1573,44 @@ static void Allocate(const void *idata, size_t isize, std::streambuf &output, co
                     continue;
                 break;
 
+                // XXX: this is getting ridiculous: provide a better abstraction
+
                 case LC_SEGMENT: {
                     auto segment_command(reinterpret_cast<struct segment_command *>(&copy[0]));
-                    if (strncmp(segment_command->segname, "__LINKEDIT", 16) != 0)
-                        break;
-                    size_t size(mach_header.Swap(allocation.limit_ + allocation.alloc_ - mach_header.Swap(segment_command->fileoff)));
-                    segment_command->filesize = size;
-                    segment_command->vmsize = Align(size, 1 << allocation.align_);
+
+                    if ((segment_command->initprot & 04) != 0) {
+                        auto begin(mach_header.Swap(segment_command->fileoff));
+                        auto end(begin + mach_header.Swap(segment_command->filesize));
+                        if (left > begin)
+                            left = begin;
+                        if (right < end)
+                            right = end;
+                    }
+
+                    if (strncmp(segment_command->segname, "__LINKEDIT", 16) == 0) {
+                        size_t size(mach_header.Swap(allocation.limit_ + allocation.alloc_ - mach_header.Swap(segment_command->fileoff)));
+                        segment_command->filesize = size;
+                        segment_command->vmsize = Align(size, 1 << allocation.align_);
+                    }
                 } break;
 
                 case LC_SEGMENT_64: {
                     auto segment_command(reinterpret_cast<struct segment_command_64 *>(&copy[0]));
-                    if (strncmp(segment_command->segname, "__LINKEDIT", 16) != 0)
-                        break;
-                    size_t size(mach_header.Swap(allocation.limit_ + allocation.alloc_ - mach_header.Swap(segment_command->fileoff)));
-                    segment_command->filesize = size;
-                    segment_command->vmsize = Align(size, 1 << allocation.align_);
+
+                    if ((segment_command->initprot & 04) != 0) {
+                        auto begin(mach_header.Swap(segment_command->fileoff));
+                        auto end(begin + mach_header.Swap(segment_command->filesize));
+                        if (left > begin)
+                            left = begin;
+                        if (right < end)
+                            right = end;
+                    }
+
+                    if (strncmp(segment_command->segname, "__LINKEDIT", 16) == 0) {
+                        size_t size(mach_header.Swap(allocation.limit_ + allocation.alloc_ - mach_header.Swap(segment_command->fileoff)));
+                        segment_command->filesize = size;
+                        segment_command->vmsize = Align(size, 1 << allocation.align_);
+                    }
                 } break;
             }
 
@@ -1435,7 +1672,7 @@ static void Allocate(const void *idata, size_t isize, std::streambuf &output, co
         pad(output, allocation.limit_ - allocation.size_);
         position += allocation.limit_ - allocation.size_;
 
-        size_t saved(save(mach_header, allocation.baton_, output, allocation.limit_, overlap, top, progress));
+        size_t saved(save(mach_header, allocation.baton_, output, allocation.limit_, left, right, overlap, top, progress));
         if (allocation.alloc_ > saved)
             pad(output, allocation.alloc_ - saved);
         else
@@ -1591,12 +1828,79 @@ class Stuff {
     }
 };
 
+class Octet {
+  private:
+    ASN1_OCTET_STRING *value_;
+
+  public:
+    Octet() :
+        value_(ASN1_OCTET_STRING_new())
+    {
+        _assert(value_ != NULL);
+    }
+
+    Octet(const std::string &value) :
+        Octet()
+    {
+        _assert(ASN1_STRING_set(value_, value.data(), value.size()));
+    }
+
+    Octet(const uint8_t *data, size_t size) :
+        Octet()
+    {
+        _assert(ASN1_STRING_set(value_, data, size));
+    }
+
+    Octet(const Octet &value) = delete;
+
+    ~Octet() {
+        if (value_ != NULL)
+            ASN1_OCTET_STRING_free(value_);
+    }
+
+    void release() {
+        value_ = NULL;
+    }
+
+    operator ASN1_OCTET_STRING *() const {
+        return value_;
+    }
+};
+
+typedef struct {
+    ASN1_OBJECT *algorithm;
+    ASN1_OCTET_STRING *value;
+} APPLE_CDHASH;
+
+DECLARE_ASN1_FUNCTIONS(APPLE_CDHASH)
+
+ASN1_NDEF_SEQUENCE(APPLE_CDHASH) = {
+    ASN1_SIMPLE(APPLE_CDHASH, algorithm, ASN1_OBJECT),
+    ASN1_SIMPLE(APPLE_CDHASH, value, ASN1_OCTET_STRING),
+} ASN1_NDEF_SEQUENCE_END(APPLE_CDHASH)
+
+IMPLEMENT_ASN1_FUNCTIONS(APPLE_CDHASH)
+
+typedef struct {
+    ASN1_OBJECT *object;
+    STACK_OF(APPLE_CDHASH) *cdhashes;
+} APPLE_CDATTR;
+
+DECLARE_ASN1_FUNCTIONS(APPLE_CDATTR)
+
+ASN1_NDEF_SEQUENCE(APPLE_CDATTR) = {
+    ASN1_SIMPLE(APPLE_CDATTR, object, ASN1_OBJECT),
+    ASN1_SET_OF(APPLE_CDATTR, cdhashes, APPLE_CDHASH),
+} ASN1_NDEF_SEQUENCE_END(APPLE_CDATTR)
+
+IMPLEMENT_ASN1_FUNCTIONS(APPLE_CDATTR)
+
 class Signature {
   private:
     PKCS7 *value_;
 
   public:
-    Signature(const Stuff &stuff, const Buffer &data, const std::string &xml) {
+    Signature(const Stuff &stuff, const Buffer &data, const std::string &xml, const ldid::Hash &hash) {
         value_ = PKCS7_new();
         _assert(value_ != NULL);
 
@@ -1607,27 +1911,73 @@ class Signature {
         for (unsigned i(0), e(sk_X509_num(certs)); i != e; i++)
             _assert(PKCS7_add_certificate(value_, sk_X509_value(certs, e - i - 1)));
 
+        STACK_OF(X509_ATTRIBUTE) *attributes(sk_X509_ATTRIBUTE_new_null());
+        _assert(attributes != NULL);
+        _scope({ sk_X509_ATTRIBUTE_pop_free(attributes, X509_ATTRIBUTE_free); });
+
+
         // XXX: this is the same as PKCS7_sign_add_signer(value_, stuff, stuff, NULL, PKCS7_NOSMIMECAP)
         _assert(X509_check_private_key(stuff, stuff));
         auto info(PKCS7_add_signature(value_, stuff, stuff, EVP_sha1()));
         _assert(info != NULL);
         _assert(PKCS7_add_certificate(value_, stuff));
-        _assert(PKCS7_add_signed_attribute(info, NID_pkcs9_contentType, V_ASN1_OBJECT, OBJ_nid2obj(NID_pkcs7_data)));
 
-        PKCS7_set_detached(value_, 1);
+        {
+            auto attribute(X509_ATTRIBUTE_create(NID_pkcs9_contentType, V_ASN1_OBJECT, OBJ_nid2obj(NID_pkcs7_data)));
+            _assert(attribute != NULL);
+            _assert(sk_X509_ATTRIBUTE_push(attributes, attribute) != 0);
+        }
+
+        {
+            auto cdattr(APPLE_CDATTR_new());
+            _assert(cdattr != NULL);
+            _scope({ APPLE_CDATTR_free(cdattr); });
 
-        ASN1_OCTET_STRING *string(ASN1_OCTET_STRING_new());
-        _assert(string != NULL);
-        try {
-            _assert(ASN1_STRING_set(string, xml.data(), xml.size()));
+            static auto nid(OBJ_create("1.2.840.113635.100.9.2", "", ""));
+            cdattr->object = OBJ_nid2obj(nid);
 
+            for (Algorithm *pointer : GetAlgorithms()) {
+                Algorithm &algorithm(*pointer);
+                APPLE_CDHASH *cdhash(APPLE_CDHASH_new());
+                _assert(cdhash != NULL);
+                _assert(sk_push((_STACK *) cdattr->cdhashes, cdhash) != 0);
+                cdhash->algorithm = OBJ_nid2obj(algorithm.nid_);
+                Octet string(algorithm[hash], algorithm.size_);
+                cdhash->value = string;
+                string.release();
+            }
+
+            // in e20b57270dece66ce2c68aeb5d14dd6d9f3c5d68 OpenSSL removed a "hack"
+            // in the process, they introduced a useful bug in X509_ATTRIBUTE_set1_data
+            // however, I don't want to rely on that or detect the bypass before it
+            // so, instead, I create my own compatible attribute and re-serialize it :/
+
+            ASN1_STRING *seq(ASN1_STRING_new());
+            _assert(seq != NULL);
+            _scope({ ASN1_STRING_free(seq); });
+            seq->length = ASN1_item_i2d((ASN1_VALUE *) cdattr, &seq->data, ASN1_ITEM_rptr(APPLE_CDATTR));
+
+            X509_ATTRIBUTE *attribute(NULL);
+            const unsigned char *data(seq->data);
+            _assert(d2i_X509_ATTRIBUTE(&attribute, &data, seq->length) != 0);
+            _assert(attribute != NULL);
+            _assert(sk_X509_ATTRIBUTE_push(attributes, attribute) != 0);
+        }
+
+        {
+            // XXX: move the "cdhashes" plist code to here and remove xml argument
+
+            Octet string(xml);
             static auto nid(OBJ_create("1.2.840.113635.100.9.1", "", ""));
-            _assert(PKCS7_add_signed_attribute(info, nid, V_ASN1_OCTET_STRING, string));
-        } catch (...) {
-            ASN1_OCTET_STRING_free(string);
-            throw;
+            auto attribute(X509_ATTRIBUTE_create(nid, V_ASN1_OCTET_STRING, string));
+            _assert(attribute != NULL);
+            string.release();
+            _assert(sk_X509_ATTRIBUTE_push(attributes, attribute) != 0);
         }
 
+        _assert(PKCS7_set_signed_attributes(info, attributes) != 0);
+        PKCS7_set_detached(value_, 1);
+
         // XXX: this is the same as PKCS7_final(value_, data, PKCS7_BINARY)
         BIO *bio(PKCS7_dataInit(value_, NULL));
         _assert(bio != NULL);
@@ -1879,50 +2229,47 @@ Hash Sign(const void *idata, size_t isize, std::streambuf &output, const std::st
         alloc += sizeof(struct BlobIndex);
         alloc += backing.str().size();
 
-        if (!merge)
-            baton.entitlements_ = entitlements;
-        else {
-#ifndef LDID_NOPLIST
+#ifdef LDID_NOPLIST
+        baton.entitlements_ = entitlements;
+#else
+        if (merge)
             Analyze(mach_header, fun([&](const char *data, size_t size) {
                 baton.entitlements_.assign(data, size);
             }));
 
-            if (baton.entitlements_.empty())
-                baton.entitlements_ = entitlements;
-            else if (!entitlements.empty()) {
-                auto combined(plist(baton.entitlements_));
-                _scope({ plist_free(combined); });
-                _assert(plist_get_node_type(combined) == PLIST_DICT);
-
-                auto merging(plist(entitlements));
-                _scope({ plist_free(merging); });
-                _assert(plist_get_node_type(merging) == PLIST_DICT);
-
-                plist_dict_iter iterator(NULL);
-                plist_dict_new_iter(merging, &iterator);
-                _scope({ free(iterator); });
-
-                for (;;) {
-                    char *key(NULL);
-                    plist_t value(NULL);
-                    plist_dict_next_item(merging, iterator, &key, &value);
-                    if (key == NULL)
-                        break;
-                    _scope({ free(key); });
-                    plist_dict_set_item(combined, key, plist_copy(value));
-                }
+        if (!baton.entitlements_.empty() || !entitlements.empty()) {
+            auto combined(plist(baton.entitlements_));
+            _scope({ plist_free(combined); });
+            _assert(plist_get_node_type(combined) == PLIST_DICT);
+
+            auto merging(plist(entitlements));
+            _scope({ plist_free(merging); });
+            _assert(plist_get_node_type(merging) == PLIST_DICT);
 
-                char *xml(NULL);
-                uint32_t size;
-                plist_to_xml(combined, &xml, &size);
-                _scope({ free(xml); });
+            plist_dict_iter iterator(NULL);
+            plist_dict_new_iter(merging, &iterator);
+            _scope({ free(iterator); });
 
-                baton.entitlements_.assign(xml, size);
+            for (;;) {
+                char *key(NULL);
+                plist_t value(NULL);
+                plist_dict_next_item(merging, iterator, &key, &value);
+                if (key == NULL)
+                    break;
+                _scope({ free(key); });
+                plist_dict_set_item(combined, key, plist_copy(value));
             }
-#else
-            _assert(false);
-#endif
+
+            baton.derformat_ = der(combined);
+
+            char *xml(NULL);
+            uint32_t size;
+            plist_to_xml(combined, &xml, &size);
+            _scope({ free(xml); });
+
+            baton.entitlements_.assign(xml, size);
         }
+#endif
 
         if (!baton.entitlements_.empty()) {
             special = std::max(special, CSSLOT_ENTITLEMENTS);
@@ -1931,6 +2278,13 @@ Hash Sign(const void *idata, size_t isize, std::streambuf &output, const std::st
             alloc += baton.entitlements_.size();
         }
 
+        if (!baton.derformat_.empty()) {
+            special = std::max(special, CSSLOT_DERFORMAT);
+            alloc += sizeof(struct BlobIndex);
+            alloc += sizeof(struct Blob);
+            alloc += baton.derformat_.size();
+        }
+
         size_t directory(0);
 
         directory += sizeof(struct BlobIndex);
@@ -1953,17 +2307,57 @@ Hash Sign(const void *idata, size_t isize, std::streambuf &output, const std::st
 #endif
 
         return alloc;
-    }), fun([&](const MachHeader &mach_header, const Baton &baton, std::streambuf &output, size_t limit, const std::string &overlap, const char *top, const Progress &progress) -> size_t {
+    }), fun([&](const MachHeader &mach_header, const Baton &baton, std::streambuf &output, size_t limit, size_t left, size_t right, const std::string &overlap, const char *top, const Progress &progress) -> size_t {
         Blobs blobs;
 
         if (true) {
             insert(blobs, CSSLOT_REQUIREMENTS, backing);
         }
 
+        uint64_t execs(0);
+        if (mach_header.Swap(mach_header->filetype) == MH_EXECUTE)
+            execs |= kSecCodeExecSegMainBinary;
+
         if (!baton.entitlements_.empty()) {
             std::stringbuf data;
             put(data, baton.entitlements_.data(), baton.entitlements_.size());
             insert(blobs, CSSLOT_ENTITLEMENTS, CSMAGIC_EMBEDDED_ENTITLEMENTS, data);
+
+#ifndef LDID_NOPLIST
+            auto entitlements(plist(baton.entitlements_));
+            _scope({ plist_free(entitlements); });
+            _assert(plist_get_node_type(entitlements) == PLIST_DICT);
+
+            const auto entitled([&](const char *key) {
+                auto item(plist_dict_get_item(entitlements, key));
+                if (plist_get_node_type(item) != PLIST_BOOLEAN)
+                    return false;
+                uint8_t value(0);
+                plist_get_bool_val(item, &value);
+                return value != 0;
+            });
+
+            if (entitled("get-task-allow"))
+                execs |= kSecCodeExecSegAllowUnsigned;
+            if (entitled("run-unsigned-code"))
+                execs |= kSecCodeExecSegAllowUnsigned;
+            if (entitled("com.apple.private.cs.debugger"))
+                execs |= kSecCodeExecSegDebugger;
+            if (entitled("dynamic-codesigning"))
+                execs |= kSecCodeExecSegJit;
+            if (entitled("com.apple.private.skip-library-validation"))
+                execs |= kSecCodeExecSegSkipLibraryVal;
+            if (entitled("com.apple.private.amfi.can-load-cdhash"))
+                execs |= kSecCodeExecSegCanLoadCdHash;
+            if (entitled("com.apple.private.amfi.can-execute-cdhash"))
+                execs |= kSecCodeExecSegCanExecCdHash;
+#endif
+        }
+
+        if (!baton.derformat_.empty()) {
+            std::stringbuf data;
+            put(data, baton.derformat_.data(), baton.derformat_.size());
+            insert(blobs, CSSLOT_DERFORMAT, CSMAGIC_EMBEDDED_DERFORMAT, data);
         }
 
         Slots posts(slots);
@@ -1990,10 +2384,10 @@ Hash Sign(const void *idata, size_t isize, std::streambuf &output, const std::st
             uint32_t normal((limit + PageSize_ - 1) / PageSize_);
 
             CodeDirectory directory;
-            directory.version = Swap(uint32_t(0x00020200));
+            directory.version = Swap(uint32_t(0x00020400));
             directory.flags = Swap(uint32_t(flags));
             directory.nSpecialSlots = Swap(special);
-            directory.codeLimit = Swap(uint32_t(limit));
+            directory.codeLimit = Swap(uint32_t(limit > UINT32_MAX ? UINT32_MAX : limit));
             directory.nCodeSlots = Swap(normal);
             directory.hashSize = algorithm.size_;
             directory.hashType = algorithm.type_;
@@ -2001,8 +2395,11 @@ Hash Sign(const void *idata, size_t isize, std::streambuf &output, const std::st
             directory.pageSize = PageShift_;
             directory.spare2 = Swap(uint32_t(0));
             directory.scatterOffset = Swap(uint32_t(0));
-            //directory.spare3 = Swap(uint32_t(0));
-            //directory.codeLimit64 = Swap(uint64_t(0));
+            directory.spare3 = Swap(uint32_t(0));
+            directory.codeLimit64 = Swap(uint64_t(limit > UINT32_MAX ? limit : 0));
+            directory.execSegBase = Swap(uint64_t(left));
+            directory.execSegLimit = Swap(uint64_t(right - left));
+            directory.execSegFlags = Swap(execs);
 
             uint32_t offset(sizeof(Blob) + sizeof(CodeDirectory));
 
@@ -2075,6 +2472,8 @@ Hash Sign(const void *idata, size_t isize, std::streambuf &output, const std::st
             plist_dict_set_item(plist, "cdhashes", cdhashes);
 #endif
 
+            ldid::Hash hash;
+
             unsigned total(0);
             for (Algorithm *pointer : GetAlgorithms()) {
                 Algorithm &algorithm(*pointer);
@@ -2083,16 +2482,17 @@ Hash Sign(const void *idata, size_t isize, std::streambuf &output, const std::st
                 const auto &blob(blobs[total == 0 ? CSSLOT_CODEDIRECTORY : CSSLOT_ALTERNATE + total - 1]);
                 ++total;
 
-                std::vector<char> hash;
                 algorithm(hash, blob.data(), blob.size());
-                hash.resize(20);
+
+                std::vector<char> cdhash(algorithm[hash], algorithm[hash] + algorithm.size_);
+                cdhash.resize(20);
 
 #ifdef LDID_NOPLIST
-                auto value(CFDataCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, reinterpret_cast<const UInt8 *>(hash.data()), hash.size()));
+                auto value(CFDataCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, reinterpret_cast<const UInt8 *>(cdhash.data()), cdhash.size()));
                 _scope({ CFRelease(value); });
                 CFArrayAppendValue(cdhashes, value);
 #else
-                plist_array_append_item(cdhashes, plist_new_data(hash.data(), hash.size()));
+                plist_array_append_item(cdhashes, plist_new_data(cdhash.data(), cdhash.size()));
 #endif
             }
 
@@ -2114,7 +2514,7 @@ Hash Sign(const void *idata, size_t isize, std::streambuf &output, const std::st
             Stuff stuff(key);
             Buffer bio(sign);
 
-            Signature signature(stuff, sign, std::string(xml, size));
+            Signature signature(stuff, sign, std::string(xml, size), hash);
             Buffer result(signature);
             std::string value(result);
             put(data, value.data(), value.size());
@@ -2134,7 +2534,7 @@ Hash Sign(const void *idata, size_t isize, std::streambuf &output, const std::st
 static void Unsign(void *idata, size_t isize, std::streambuf &output, const Progress &progress) {
     Allocate(idata, isize, output, fun([](const MachHeader &mach_header, Baton &baton, size_t size) -> size_t {
         return 0;
-    }), fun([](const MachHeader &mach_header, const Baton &baton, std::streambuf &output, size_t limit, const std::string &overlap, const char *top, const Progress &progress) -> size_t {
+    }), fun([](const MachHeader &mach_header, const Baton &baton, std::streambuf &output, size_t limit, size_t left, size_t right, const std::string &overlap, const char *top, const Progress &progress) -> size_t {
         return 0;
     }), progress);
 }
@@ -2222,8 +2622,7 @@ void DiskFolder::Find(const std::string &root, const std::string &base, const Fu
 
 void DiskFolder::Save(const std::string &path, bool edit, const void *flag, const Functor<void (std::streambuf &)> &code) {
     if (!edit) {
-        // XXX: use nullbuf
-        std::stringbuf save;
+        NullBuffer save;
         code(save);
     } else {
         std::filebuf save;
@@ -2362,6 +2761,8 @@ static void copy(std::streambuf &source, std::streambuf &target, size_t length,
 
 #ifndef LDID_NOPLIST
 static plist_t plist(const std::string &data) {
+    if (data.empty())
+        return plist_new_dict();
     plist_t plist(NULL);
     if (Starts(data, "bplist00"))
         plist_from_bin(data.data(), data.size(), &plist);
@@ -2500,7 +2901,7 @@ struct State {
     }
 };
 
-Bundle Sign(const std::string &root, Folder &parent, const std::string &key, State &remote, const std::string &requirements, const Functor<std::string (const std::string &, const std::string &)> &alter, const Progress &progress) {
+Bundle Sign(const std::string &root, Folder &parent, const std::string &key, State &local, const std::string &requirements, const Functor<std::string (const std::string &, const std::string &)> &alter, const Progress &progress) {
     std::string executable;
     std::string identifier;
 
@@ -2579,8 +2980,6 @@ Bundle Sign(const std::string &root, Folder &parent, const std::string &key, Sta
         rules2.insert(Rule{20, NoMode, "^version\\.plist$"});
     }
 
-    State local;
-
     std::string failure(mac ? "Contents/|Versions/[^/]*/Resources/" : "");
     Expression nested("^(Frameworks/[^/]*\\.framework|PlugIns/[^/]*\\.appex(()|/[^/]*.app))/(" + failure + ")Info\\.plist$");
     std::map<std::string, Bundle> bundles;
@@ -2588,16 +2987,18 @@ Bundle Sign(const std::string &root, Folder &parent, const std::string &key, Sta
     folder.Find("", fun([&](const std::string &name) {
         if (!nested(name))
             return;
-        auto bundle(root + Split(name).dir);
+        auto bundle(Split(name).dir);
         if (mac) {
             _assert(!bundle.empty());
             bundle = Split(bundle.substr(0, bundle.size() - 1)).dir;
         }
         SubFolder subfolder(folder, bundle);
 
-        bundles[nested[1]] = Sign(bundle, subfolder, key, local, "", Starts(name, "PlugIns/") ? alter :
+        State remote;
+        bundles[nested[1]] = Sign(root + bundle, subfolder, key, remote, "", Starts(name, "PlugIns/") ? alter :
             static_cast<const Functor<std::string (const std::string &, const std::string &)> &>(fun([&](const std::string &, const std::string &) -> std::string { return entitlements; }))
         , progress);
+        local.Merge(bundle, remote);
     }), fun([&](const std::string &name, const Functor<std::string ()> &read) {
     }));
 
@@ -2784,7 +3185,6 @@ Bundle Sign(const std::string &root, Folder &parent, const std::string &key, Sta
         }));
     }));
 
-    remote.Merge(root, local);
     return bundle;
 }
 
@@ -2842,6 +3242,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
     bool flag_s(false);
 
     bool flag_D(false);
+    bool flag_d(false);
 
     bool flag_A(false);
     bool flag_a(false);
@@ -2931,6 +3332,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
             } break;
 
             case 'D': flag_D = true; break;
+            case 'd': flag_d = true; break;
 
             case 'a': flag_a = true; break;
 
@@ -3032,6 +3434,11 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
     _assert(flag_S || key.empty());
     _assert(flag_S || flag_I == NULL);
 
+    if (flag_d && !flag_h) {
+        flag_h = true;
+        fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: -d also (temporarily) does the behavior of -h for compatibility with a fork of ldid\n");
+    }
+
     if (files.empty())
         return 0;
 
@@ -3042,9 +3449,9 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
         struct stat info;
         _syscall(stat(path.c_str(), &info));
 
-        if (flag_S && S_ISDIR(info.st_mode)) {
+        if (S_ISDIR(info.st_mode)) {
+            _assert(flag_S);
 #ifndef LDID_NOPLIST
-            _assert(!flag_r);
             ldid::DiskFolder folder(path + "/");
             path += "/" + Sign("", folder, key, requirements, ldid::fun([&](const std::string &, const std::string &) -> std::string { return entitlements; }), dummy_).path;
 #else
@@ -3132,6 +3539,10 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
 #endif
             }
 
+            if (flag_d && encryption != NULL) {
+                printf("cryptid=%d\n", mach_header.Swap(encryption->cryptid));
+            }
+
             if (flag_D) {
                 _assert(encryption != NULL);
                 encryption->cryptid = mach_header.Swap(0);