ldid.cpp

   1 /* ldid - (Mach-O) Link-Loader Identity Editor
   2  * Copyright (C) 2007-2015  Jay Freeman (saurik)
   3 */
   4
   5 /* GNU Affero General Public License, Version 3 {{{ */
   6 /*
   7  * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   8  * it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by
   9  * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
  10  * (at your option) any later version.
  11
  12  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  13  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  14  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  15  * GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
  16
  17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
  18  * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  19 **/
  20 /* }}} */
  21
  22 #include <cstdio>
  23 #include <cstdlib>
  24 #include <cstring>
  25 #include <fstream>
  26 #include <iostream>
  27 #include <memory>
  28 #include <set>
  29 #include <sstream>
  30 #include <string>
  31 #include <vector>
  32
  33 #include <dirent.h>
  34 #include <errno.h>
  35 #include <fcntl.h>
  36 #include <regex.h>
  37 #include <stdbool.h>
  38 #include <stdint.h>
  39 #include <unistd.h>
  40
  41 #include <sys/mman.h>
  42 #include <sys/stat.h>
  43 #include <sys/types.h>
  44
  45 #include <openssl/err.h>
  46 #include <openssl/pem.h>
  47 #include <openssl/pkcs7.h>
  48 #include <openssl/pkcs12.h>
  49 #include <openssl/sha.h>
  50
  51 #include <plist/plist++.h>
  52
  53 #include "ldid.hpp"
  54
  55 #define _assert___(line) \
  56     #line
  57 #define _assert__(line) \
  58     _assert___(line)
  59
  60 #define _assert_(expr, format, ...) \
  61     do if (!(expr)) { \
  62         fprintf(stderr, "%s(%u): _assert(): " format "\n", __FILE__, __LINE__, ## __VA_ARGS__); \
  63         throw __FILE__ "(" _assert__(__LINE__) "): _assert(" #expr ")"; \
  64     } while (false)
  65
  66 #define _assert(expr) \
  67     _assert_(expr, "%s", #expr)
  68
  69 #define _syscall(expr, ...) [&] { for (;;) { \
  70     auto _value(expr); \
  71     if ((long) _value != -1) \
  72         return _value; \
  73     int error(errno); \
  74     if (error == EINTR) \
  75         continue; \
  76     /* XXX: EINTR is included in this list to fix g++ */ \
  77     for (auto success : (long[]) {EINTR, __VA_ARGS__}) \
  78         if (error == success) \
  79             return (decltype(expr)) -success; \
  80     _assert_(false, "errno=%u", error); \
  81 } }()
  82
  83 #define _trace() \
  84     fprintf(stderr, "_trace(%s:%u): %s\n", __FILE__, __LINE__, __FUNCTION__)
  85
  86 #define _not(type) \
  87     ((type) ~ (type) 0)
  88
  89 #define _packed \
  90     __attribute__((packed))
  91
  92 template <typename Type_>
  93 struct Iterator_ {
  94     typedef typename Type_::const_iterator Result;
  95 };
  96
  97 #define _foreach(item, list) \
  98     for (bool _stop(true); _stop; ) \
  99         for (const __typeof__(list) &_list = (list); _stop; _stop = false) \
 100             for (Iterator_<__typeof__(list)>::Result _item = _list.begin(); _item != _list.end(); ++_item) \
 101                 for (bool _suck(true); _suck; _suck = false) \
 102                     for (const __typeof__(*_item) &item = *_item; _suck; _suck = false)
 103
 104 class _Scope {
 105 };
 106
 107 template <typename Function_>
 108 class Scope :
 109     public _Scope
 110 {
 111   private:
 112     Function_ function_;
 113
 114   public:
 115     Scope(const Function_ &function) :
 116         function_(function)
 117     {
 118     }
 119
 120     ~Scope() {
 121         function_();
 122     }
 123 };
 124
 125 template <typename Function_>
 126 Scope<Function_> _scope(const Function_ &function) {
 127     return Scope<Function_>(function);
 128 }
 129
 130 #define _scope__(counter, function) \
 131     __attribute__((__unused__)) \
 132     const _Scope &_scope ## counter(_scope([&]function))
 133 #define _scope_(counter, function) \
 134     _scope__(counter, function)
 135 #define _scope(function) \
 136     _scope_(__COUNTER__, function)
 137
 138 struct fat_header {
 139     uint32_t magic;
 140     uint32_t nfat_arch;
 141 } _packed;
 142
 143 #define FAT_MAGIC 0xcafebabe
 144 #define FAT_CIGAM 0xbebafeca
 145
 146 struct fat_arch {
 147     uint32_t cputype;
 148     uint32_t cpusubtype;
 149     uint32_t offset;
 150     uint32_t size;
 151     uint32_t align;
 152 } _packed;
 153
 154 struct mach_header {
 155     uint32_t magic;
 156     uint32_t cputype;
 157     uint32_t cpusubtype;
 158     uint32_t filetype;
 159     uint32_t ncmds;
 160     uint32_t sizeofcmds;
 161     uint32_t flags;
 162 } _packed;
 163
 164 #define MH_MAGIC 0xfeedface
 165 #define MH_CIGAM 0xcefaedfe
 166
 167 #define MH_MAGIC_64 0xfeedfacf
 168 #define MH_CIGAM_64 0xcffaedfe
 169
 170 #define MH_DYLDLINK   0x4
 171
 172 #define MH_OBJECT     0x1
 173 #define MH_EXECUTE    0x2
 174 #define MH_DYLIB      0x6
 175 #define MH_BUNDLE     0x8
 176 #define MH_DYLIB_STUB 0x9
 177
 178 struct load_command {
 179     uint32_t cmd;
 180     uint32_t cmdsize;
 181 } _packed;
 182
 183 #define LC_REQ_DYLD           uint32_t(0x80000000)
 184
 185 #define LC_SEGMENT            uint32_t(0x01)
 186 #define LC_SYMTAB             uint32_t(0x02)
 187 #define LC_DYSYMTAB           uint32_t(0x0b)
 188 #define LC_LOAD_DYLIB         uint32_t(0x0c)
 189 #define LC_ID_DYLIB           uint32_t(0x0d)
 190 #define LC_SEGMENT_64         uint32_t(0x19)
 191 #define LC_UUID               uint32_t(0x1b)
 192 #define LC_CODE_SIGNATURE     uint32_t(0x1d)
 193 #define LC_SEGMENT_SPLIT_INFO uint32_t(0x1e)
 194 #define LC_REEXPORT_DYLIB     uint32_t(0x1f | LC_REQ_DYLD)
 195 #define LC_ENCRYPTION_INFO    uint32_t(0x21)
 196 #define LC_DYLD_INFO          uint32_t(0x22)
 197 #define LC_DYLD_INFO_ONLY     uint32_t(0x22 | LC_REQ_DYLD)
 198 #define LC_ENCRYPTION_INFO_64 uint32_t(0x2c)
 199
 200 struct dylib {
 201     uint32_t name;
 202     uint32_t timestamp;
 203     uint32_t current_version;
 204     uint32_t compatibility_version;
 205 } _packed;
 206
 207 struct dylib_command {
 208     uint32_t cmd;
 209     uint32_t cmdsize;
 210     struct dylib dylib;
 211 } _packed;
 212
 213 struct uuid_command {
 214     uint32_t cmd;
 215     uint32_t cmdsize;
 216     uint8_t uuid[16];
 217 } _packed;
 218
 219 struct symtab_command {
 220     uint32_t cmd;
 221     uint32_t cmdsize;
 222     uint32_t symoff;
 223     uint32_t nsyms;
 224     uint32_t stroff;
 225     uint32_t strsize;
 226 } _packed;
 227
 228 struct dyld_info_command {
 229     uint32_t cmd;
 230     uint32_t cmdsize;
 231     uint32_t rebase_off;
 232     uint32_t rebase_size;
 233     uint32_t bind_off;
 234     uint32_t bind_size;
 235     uint32_t weak_bind_off;
 236     uint32_t weak_bind_size;
 237     uint32_t lazy_bind_off;
 238     uint32_t lazy_bind_size;
 239     uint32_t export_off;
 240     uint32_t export_size;
 241 } _packed;
 242
 243 struct dysymtab_command {
 244     uint32_t cmd;
 245     uint32_t cmdsize;
 246     uint32_t ilocalsym;
 247     uint32_t nlocalsym;
 248     uint32_t iextdefsym;
 249     uint32_t nextdefsym;
 250     uint32_t iundefsym;
 251     uint32_t nundefsym;
 252     uint32_t tocoff;
 253     uint32_t ntoc;
 254     uint32_t modtaboff;
 255     uint32_t nmodtab;
 256     uint32_t extrefsymoff;
 257     uint32_t nextrefsyms;
 258     uint32_t indirectsymoff;
 259     uint32_t nindirectsyms;
 260     uint32_t extreloff;
 261     uint32_t nextrel;
 262     uint32_t locreloff;
 263     uint32_t nlocrel;
 264 } _packed;
 265
 266 struct dylib_table_of_contents {
 267     uint32_t symbol_index;
 268     uint32_t module_index;
 269 } _packed;
 270
 271 struct dylib_module {
 272     uint32_t module_name;
 273     uint32_t iextdefsym;
 274     uint32_t nextdefsym;
 275     uint32_t irefsym;
 276     uint32_t nrefsym;
 277     uint32_t ilocalsym;
 278     uint32_t nlocalsym;
 279     uint32_t iextrel;
 280     uint32_t nextrel;
 281     uint32_t iinit_iterm;
 282     uint32_t ninit_nterm;
 283     uint32_t objc_module_info_addr;
 284     uint32_t objc_module_info_size;
 285 } _packed;
 286
 287 struct dylib_reference {
 288     uint32_t isym:24;
 289     uint32_t flags:8;
 290 } _packed;
 291
 292 struct relocation_info {
 293     int32_t r_address;
 294     uint32_t r_symbolnum:24;
 295     uint32_t r_pcrel:1;
 296     uint32_t r_length:2;
 297     uint32_t r_extern:1;
 298     uint32_t r_type:4;
 299 } _packed;
 300
 301 struct nlist {
 302     union {
 303         char *n_name;
 304         int32_t n_strx;
 305     } n_un;
 306
 307     uint8_t n_type;
 308     uint8_t n_sect;
 309     uint8_t n_desc;
 310     uint32_t n_value;
 311 } _packed;
 312
 313 struct segment_command {
 314     uint32_t cmd;
 315     uint32_t cmdsize;
 316     char segname[16];
 317     uint32_t vmaddr;
 318     uint32_t vmsize;
 319     uint32_t fileoff;
 320     uint32_t filesize;
 321     uint32_t maxprot;
 322     uint32_t initprot;
 323     uint32_t nsects;
 324     uint32_t flags;
 325 } _packed;
 326
 327 struct segment_command_64 {
 328     uint32_t cmd;
 329     uint32_t cmdsize;
 330     char segname[16];
 331     uint64_t vmaddr;
 332     uint64_t vmsize;
 333     uint64_t fileoff;
 334     uint64_t filesize;
 335     uint32_t maxprot;
 336     uint32_t initprot;
 337     uint32_t nsects;
 338     uint32_t flags;
 339 } _packed;
 340
 341 struct section {
 342     char sectname[16];
 343     char segname[16];
 344     uint32_t addr;
 345     uint32_t size;
 346     uint32_t offset;
 347     uint32_t align;
 348     uint32_t reloff;
 349     uint32_t nreloc;
 350     uint32_t flags;
 351     uint32_t reserved1;
 352     uint32_t reserved2;
 353 } _packed;
 354
 355 struct section_64 {
 356     char sectname[16];
 357     char segname[16];
 358     uint64_t addr;
 359     uint64_t size;
 360     uint32_t offset;
 361     uint32_t align;
 362     uint32_t reloff;
 363     uint32_t nreloc;
 364     uint32_t flags;
 365     uint32_t reserved1;
 366     uint32_t reserved2;
 367 } _packed;
 368
 369 struct linkedit_data_command {
 370     uint32_t cmd;
 371     uint32_t cmdsize;
 372     uint32_t dataoff;
 373     uint32_t datasize;
 374 } _packed;
 375
 376 struct encryption_info_command {
 377     uint32_t cmd;
 378     uint32_t cmdsize;
 379     uint32_t cryptoff;
 380     uint32_t cryptsize;
 381     uint32_t cryptid;
 382 } _packed;
 383
 384 #define BIND_OPCODE_MASK                             0xf0
 385 #define BIND_IMMEDIATE_MASK                          0x0f
 386 #define BIND_OPCODE_DONE                             0x00
 387 #define BIND_OPCODE_SET_DYLIB_ORDINAL_IMM            0x10
 388 #define BIND_OPCODE_SET_DYLIB_ORDINAL_ULEB           0x20
 389 #define BIND_OPCODE_SET_DYLIB_SPECIAL_IMM            0x30
 390 #define BIND_OPCODE_SET_SYMBOL_TRAILING_FLAGS_IMM    0x40
 391 #define BIND_OPCODE_SET_TYPE_IMM                     0x50
 392 #define BIND_OPCODE_SET_ADDEND_SLEB                  0x60
 393 #define BIND_OPCODE_SET_SEGMENT_AND_OFFSET_ULEB      0x70
 394 #define BIND_OPCODE_ADD_ADDR_ULEB                    0x80
 395 #define BIND_OPCODE_DO_BIND                          0x90
 396 #define BIND_OPCODE_DO_BIND_ADD_ADDR_ULEB            0xa0
 397 #define BIND_OPCODE_DO_BIND_ADD_ADDR_IMM_SCALED      0xb0
 398 #define BIND_OPCODE_DO_BIND_ULEB_TIMES_SKIPPING_ULEB 0xc0
 399
 400 inline void get(std::streambuf &stream, void *data, size_t size) {
 401     _assert(stream.sgetn(static_cast<char *>(data), size) == size);
 402 }
 403
 404 inline void put(std::streambuf &stream, const void *data, size_t size) {
 405     _assert(stream.sputn(static_cast<const char *>(data), size) == size);
 406 }
 407
 408 inline void pad(std::streambuf &stream, size_t size) {
 409     char padding[size];
 410     memset(padding, 0, size);
 411     put(stream, padding, size);
 412 }
 413
 414 template <typename Type_>
 415 Type_ Align(Type_ value, size_t align) {
 416     value += align - 1;
 417     value /= align;
 418     value *= align;
 419     return value;
 420 }
 421
 422 static const uint8_t PageShift_(0x0c);
 423 static const uint32_t PageSize_(1 << PageShift_);
 424
 425 static inline uint16_t Swap_(uint16_t value) {
 426     return
 427         ((value >>  8) & 0x00ff) |
 428         ((value <<  8) & 0xff00);
 429 }
 430
 431 static inline uint32_t Swap_(uint32_t value) {
 432     value = ((value >>  8) & 0x00ff00ff) |
 433             ((value <<  8) & 0xff00ff00);
 434     value = ((value >> 16) & 0x0000ffff) |
 435             ((value << 16) & 0xffff0000);
 436     return value;
 437 }
 438
 439 static inline uint64_t Swap_(uint64_t value) {
 440     value = (value & 0x00000000ffffffff) << 32 | (value & 0xffffffff00000000) >> 32;
 441     value = (value & 0x0000ffff0000ffff) << 16 | (value & 0xffff0000ffff0000) >> 16;
 442     value = (value & 0x00ff00ff00ff00ff) << 8  | (value & 0xff00ff00ff00ff00) >> 8;
 443     return value;
 444 }
 445
 446 static inline int16_t Swap_(int16_t value) {
 447     return Swap_(static_cast<uint16_t>(value));
 448 }
 449
 450 static inline int32_t Swap_(int32_t value) {
 451     return Swap_(static_cast<uint32_t>(value));
 452 }
 453
 454 static inline int64_t Swap_(int64_t value) {
 455     return Swap_(static_cast<uint64_t>(value));
 456 }
 457
 458 static bool little_(true);
 459
 460 static inline uint16_t Swap(uint16_t value) {
 461     return little_ ? Swap_(value) : value;
 462 }
 463
 464 static inline uint32_t Swap(uint32_t value) {
 465     return little_ ? Swap_(value) : value;
 466 }
 467
 468 static inline uint64_t Swap(uint64_t value) {
 469     return little_ ? Swap_(value) : value;
 470 }
 471
 472 static inline int16_t Swap(int16_t value) {
 473     return Swap(static_cast<uint16_t>(value));
 474 }
 475
 476 static inline int32_t Swap(int32_t value) {
 477     return Swap(static_cast<uint32_t>(value));
 478 }
 479
 480 static inline int64_t Swap(int64_t value) {
 481     return Swap(static_cast<uint64_t>(value));
 482 }
 483
 484 template <typename Target_>
 485 class Pointer;
 486
 487 class Swapped {
 488   protected:
 489     bool swapped_;
 490
 491     Swapped() :
 492         swapped_(false)
 493     {
 494     }
 495
 496   public:
 497     Swapped(bool swapped) :
 498         swapped_(swapped)
 499     {
 500     }
 501
 502     template <typename Type_>
 503     Type_ Swap(Type_ value) const {
 504         return swapped_ ? Swap_(value) : value;
 505     }
 506 };
 507
 508 class Data :
 509     public Swapped
 510 {
 511   private:
 512     void *base_;
 513     size_t size_;
 514
 515   public:
 516     Data(void *base, size_t size) :
 517         base_(base),
 518         size_(size)
 519     {
 520     }
 521
 522     void *GetBase() const {
 523         return base_;
 524     }
 525
 526     size_t GetSize() const {
 527         return size_;
 528     }
 529 };
 530
 531 class MachHeader :
 532     public Data
 533 {
 534   private:
 535     bool bits64_;
 536
 537     struct mach_header *mach_header_;
 538     struct load_command *load_command_;
 539
 540   public:
 541     MachHeader(void *base, size_t size) :
 542         Data(base, size)
 543     {
 544         mach_header_ = (mach_header *) base;
 545
 546         switch (Swap(mach_header_->magic)) {
 547             case MH_CIGAM:
 548                 swapped_ = !swapped_;
 549             case MH_MAGIC:
 550                 bits64_ = false;
 551             break;
 552
 553             case MH_CIGAM_64:
 554                 swapped_ = !swapped_;
 555             case MH_MAGIC_64:
 556                 bits64_ = true;
 557             break;
 558
 559             default:
 560                 _assert(false);
 561         }
 562
 563         void *post = mach_header_ + 1;
 564         if (bits64_)
 565             post = (uint32_t *) post + 1;
 566         load_command_ = (struct load_command *) post;
 567
 568         _assert(
 569             Swap(mach_header_->filetype) == MH_EXECUTE ||
 570             Swap(mach_header_->filetype) == MH_DYLIB ||
 571             Swap(mach_header_->filetype) == MH_BUNDLE
 572         );
 573     }
 574
 575     bool Bits64() const {
 576         return bits64_;
 577     }
 578
 579     struct mach_header *operator ->() const {
 580         return mach_header_;
 581     }
 582
 583     operator struct mach_header *() const {
 584         return mach_header_;
 585     }
 586
 587     uint32_t GetCPUType() const {
 588         return Swap(mach_header_->cputype);
 589     }
 590
 591     uint32_t GetCPUSubtype() const {
 592         return Swap(mach_header_->cpusubtype) & 0xff;
 593     }
 594
 595     struct load_command *GetLoadCommand() const {
 596         return load_command_;
 597     }
 598
 599     std::vector<struct load_command *> GetLoadCommands() const {
 600         std::vector<struct load_command *> load_commands;
 601
 602         struct load_command *load_command = load_command_;
 603         for (uint32_t cmd = 0; cmd != Swap(mach_header_->ncmds); ++cmd) {
 604             load_commands.push_back(load_command);
 605             load_command = (struct load_command *) ((uint8_t *) load_command + Swap(load_command->cmdsize));
 606         }
 607
 608         return load_commands;
 609     }
 610
 611     std::vector<segment_command *> GetSegments(const char *segment_name) const {
 612         std::vector<struct segment_command *> segment_commands;
 613
 614         _foreach (load_command, GetLoadCommands()) {
 615             if (Swap(load_command->cmd) == LC_SEGMENT) {
 616                 segment_command *segment_command = reinterpret_cast<struct segment_command *>(load_command);
 617                 if (strncmp(segment_command->segname, segment_name, 16) == 0)
 618                     segment_commands.push_back(segment_command);
 619             }
 620         }
 621
 622         return segment_commands;
 623     }
 624
 625     std::vector<segment_command_64 *> GetSegments64(const char *segment_name) const {
 626         std::vector<struct segment_command_64 *> segment_commands;
 627
 628         _foreach (load_command, GetLoadCommands()) {
 629             if (Swap(load_command->cmd) == LC_SEGMENT_64) {
 630                 segment_command_64 *segment_command = reinterpret_cast<struct segment_command_64 *>(load_command);
 631                 if (strncmp(segment_command->segname, segment_name, 16) == 0)
 632                     segment_commands.push_back(segment_command);
 633             }
 634         }
 635
 636         return segment_commands;
 637     }
 638
 639     std::vector<section *> GetSections(const char *segment_name, const char *section_name) const {
 640         std::vector<section *> sections;
 641
 642         _foreach (segment, GetSegments(segment_name)) {
 643             section *section = (struct section *) (segment + 1);
 644
 645             uint32_t sect;
 646             for (sect = 0; sect != Swap(segment->nsects); ++sect) {
 647                 if (strncmp(section->sectname, section_name, 16) == 0)
 648                     sections.push_back(section);
 649                 ++section;
 650             }
 651         }
 652
 653         return sections;
 654     }
 655
 656     template <typename Target_>
 657     Pointer<Target_> GetPointer(uint32_t address, const char *segment_name = NULL) const {
 658         load_command *load_command = (struct load_command *) (mach_header_ + 1);
 659         uint32_t cmd;
 660
 661         for (cmd = 0; cmd != Swap(mach_header_->ncmds); ++cmd) {
 662             if (Swap(load_command->cmd) == LC_SEGMENT) {
 663                 segment_command *segment_command = (struct segment_command *) load_command;
 664                 if (segment_name != NULL && strncmp(segment_command->segname, segment_name, 16) != 0)
 665                     goto next_command;
 666
 667                 section *sections = (struct section *) (segment_command + 1);
 668
 669                 uint32_t sect;
 670                 for (sect = 0; sect != Swap(segment_command->nsects); ++sect) {
 671                     section *section = &sections[sect];
 672                     //printf("%s %u %p %p %u\n", segment_command->segname, sect, address, section->addr, section->size);
 673                     if (address >= Swap(section->addr) && address < Swap(section->addr) + Swap(section->size)) {
 674                         //printf("0x%.8x %s\n", address, segment_command->segname);
 675                         return Pointer<Target_>(this, reinterpret_cast<Target_ *>(address - Swap(section->addr) + Swap(section->offset) + (char *) mach_header_));
 676                     }
 677                 }
 678             }
 679
 680           next_command:
 681             load_command = (struct load_command *) ((char *) load_command + Swap(load_command->cmdsize));
 682         }
 683
 684         return Pointer<Target_>(this);
 685     }
 686
 687     template <typename Target_>
 688     Pointer<Target_> GetOffset(uint32_t offset) {
 689         return Pointer<Target_>(this, reinterpret_cast<Target_ *>(offset + (uint8_t *) mach_header_));
 690     }
 691 };
 692
 693 class FatMachHeader :
 694     public MachHeader
 695 {
 696   private:
 697     fat_arch *fat_arch_;
 698
 699   public:
 700     FatMachHeader(void *base, size_t size, fat_arch *fat_arch) :
 701         MachHeader(base, size),
 702         fat_arch_(fat_arch)
 703     {
 704     }
 705
 706     fat_arch *GetFatArch() const {
 707         return fat_arch_;
 708     }
 709 };
 710
 711 class FatHeader :
 712     public Data
 713 {
 714   private:
 715     fat_header *fat_header_;
 716     std::vector<FatMachHeader> mach_headers_;
 717
 718   public:
 719     FatHeader(void *base, size_t size) :
 720         Data(base, size)
 721     {
 722         fat_header_ = reinterpret_cast<struct fat_header *>(base);
 723
 724         if (Swap(fat_header_->magic) == FAT_CIGAM) {
 725             swapped_ = !swapped_;
 726             goto fat;
 727         } else if (Swap(fat_header_->magic) != FAT_MAGIC) {
 728             fat_header_ = NULL;
 729             mach_headers_.push_back(FatMachHeader(base, size, NULL));
 730         } else fat: {
 731             size_t fat_narch = Swap(fat_header_->nfat_arch);
 732             fat_arch *fat_arch = reinterpret_cast<struct fat_arch *>(fat_header_ + 1);
 733             size_t arch;
 734             for (arch = 0; arch != fat_narch; ++arch) {
 735                 uint32_t arch_offset = Swap(fat_arch->offset);
 736                 uint32_t arch_size = Swap(fat_arch->size);
 737                 mach_headers_.push_back(FatMachHeader((uint8_t *) base + arch_offset, arch_size, fat_arch));
 738                 ++fat_arch;
 739             }
 740         }
 741     }
 742
 743     std::vector<FatMachHeader> &GetMachHeaders() {
 744         return mach_headers_;
 745     }
 746
 747     bool IsFat() const {
 748         return fat_header_ != NULL;
 749     }
 750
 751     struct fat_header *operator ->() const {
 752         return fat_header_;
 753     }
 754
 755     operator struct fat_header *() const {
 756         return fat_header_;
 757     }
 758 };
 759
 760 template <typename Target_>
 761 class Pointer {
 762   private:
 763     const MachHeader *framework_;
 764     const Target_ *pointer_;
 765
 766   public:
 767     Pointer(const MachHeader *framework = NULL, const Target_ *pointer = NULL) :
 768         framework_(framework),
 769         pointer_(pointer)
 770     {
 771     }
 772
 773     operator const Target_ *() const {
 774         return pointer_;
 775     }
 776
 777     const Target_ *operator ->() const {
 778         return pointer_;
 779     }
 780
 781     Pointer<Target_> &operator ++() {
 782         ++pointer_;
 783         return *this;
 784     }
 785
 786     template <typename Value_>
 787     Value_ Swap(Value_ value) {
 788         return framework_->Swap(value);
 789     }
 790 };
 791
 792 #define CSMAGIC_REQUIREMENT            uint32_t(0xfade0c00)
 793 #define CSMAGIC_REQUIREMENTS           uint32_t(0xfade0c01)
 794 #define CSMAGIC_CODEDIRECTORY          uint32_t(0xfade0c02)
 795 #define CSMAGIC_EMBEDDED_SIGNATURE     uint32_t(0xfade0cc0)
 796 #define CSMAGIC_EMBEDDED_SIGNATURE_OLD uint32_t(0xfade0b02)
 797 #define CSMAGIC_EMBEDDED_ENTITLEMENTS  uint32_t(0xfade7171)
 798 #define CSMAGIC_DETACHED_SIGNATURE     uint32_t(0xfade0cc1)
 799 #define CSMAGIC_BLOBWRAPPER            uint32_t(0xfade0b01)
 800
 801 #define CSSLOT_CODEDIRECTORY uint32_t(0x00000)
 802 #define CSSLOT_INFOSLOT      uint32_t(0x00001)
 803 #define CSSLOT_REQUIREMENTS  uint32_t(0x00002)
 804 #define CSSLOT_RESOURCEDIR   uint32_t(0x00003)
 805 #define CSSLOT_APPLICATION   uint32_t(0x00004)
 806 #define CSSLOT_ENTITLEMENTS  uint32_t(0x00005)
 807
 808 #define CSSLOT_SIGNATURESLOT uint32_t(0x10000)
 809
 810 #define CS_HASHTYPE_SHA1 1
 811
 812 struct BlobIndex {
 813     uint32_t type;
 814     uint32_t offset;
 815 } _packed;
 816
 817 struct Blob {
 818     uint32_t magic;
 819     uint32_t length;
 820 } _packed;
 821
 822 struct SuperBlob {
 823     struct Blob blob;
 824     uint32_t count;
 825     struct BlobIndex index[];
 826 } _packed;
 827
 828 struct CodeDirectory {
 829     uint32_t version;
 830     uint32_t flags;
 831     uint32_t hashOffset;
 832     uint32_t identOffset;
 833     uint32_t nSpecialSlots;
 834     uint32_t nCodeSlots;
 835     uint32_t codeLimit;
 836     uint8_t hashSize;
 837     uint8_t hashType;
 838     uint8_t spare1;
 839     uint8_t pageSize;
 840     uint32_t spare2;
 841 } _packed;
 842
 843 extern "C" uint32_t hash(uint8_t *k, uint32_t length, uint32_t initval);
 844
 845 static void sha1(uint8_t *hash, const void *data, size_t size) {
 846     SHA1(static_cast<const uint8_t *>(data), size, hash);
 847 }
 848
 849 struct CodesignAllocation {
 850     FatMachHeader mach_header_;
 851     uint32_t offset_;
 852     uint32_t size_;
 853     uint32_t limit_;
 854     uint32_t alloc_;
 855     uint32_t align_;
 856
 857     CodesignAllocation(FatMachHeader mach_header, size_t offset, size_t size, size_t limit, size_t alloc, size_t align) :
 858         mach_header_(mach_header),
 859         offset_(offset),
 860         size_(size),
 861         limit_(limit),
 862         alloc_(alloc),
 863         align_(align)
 864     {
 865     }
 866 };
 867
 868 class File {
 869   private:
 870     int file_;
 871
 872   public:
 873     File() :
 874         file_(-1)
 875     {
 876     }
 877
 878     ~File() {
 879         if (file_ != -1)
 880             _syscall(close(file_));
 881     }
 882
 883     void open(const char *path, int flags) {
 884         _assert(file_ == -1);
 885         file_ = _syscall(::open(path, flags));
 886     }
 887
 888     int file() const {
 889         return file_;
 890     }
 891 };
 892
 893 class Map {
 894   private:
 895     File file_;
 896     void *data_;
 897     size_t size_;
 898
 899     void clear() {
 900         if (data_ == NULL)
 901             return;
 902         _syscall(munmap(data_, size_));
 903         data_ = NULL;
 904         size_ = 0;
 905     }
 906
 907   public:
 908     Map() :
 909         data_(NULL),
 910         size_(0)
 911     {
 912     }
 913
 914     Map(const std::string &path, int oflag, int pflag, int mflag) :
 915         Map()
 916     {
 917         open(path, oflag, pflag, mflag);
 918     }
 919
 920     Map(const std::string &path, bool edit) :
 921         Map()
 922     {
 923         open(path, edit);
 924     }
 925
 926     ~Map() {
 927         clear();
 928     }
 929
 930     bool empty() const {
 931         return data_ == NULL;
 932     }
 933
 934     void open(const std::string &path, int oflag, int pflag, int mflag) {
 935         clear();
 936
 937         file_.open(path.c_str(), oflag);
 938         int file(file_.file());
 939
 940         struct stat stat;
 941         _syscall(fstat(file, &stat));
 942         size_ = stat.st_size;
 943
 944         data_ = _syscall(mmap(NULL, size_, pflag, mflag, file, 0));
 945     }
 946
 947     void open(const std::string &path, bool edit) {
 948         if (edit)
 949             open(path, O_RDWR, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED);
 950         else
 951             open(path, O_RDONLY, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE);
 952     }
 953
 954     void *data() const {
 955         return data_;
 956     }
 957
 958     size_t size() const {
 959         return size_;
 960     }
 961
 962     operator std::string() const {
 963         return std::string(static_cast<char *>(data_), size_);
 964     }
 965 };
 966
 967 namespace ldid {
 968
 969 static void Allocate(const void *idata, size_t isize, std::streambuf &output, const Functor<size_t (size_t)> &allocate, const Functor<size_t (std::streambuf &output, size_t, const std::string &, const char *)> &save) {
 970     FatHeader source(const_cast<void *>(idata), isize);
 971
 972     size_t offset(0);
 973     if (source.IsFat())
 974         offset += sizeof(fat_header) + sizeof(fat_arch) * source.Swap(source->nfat_arch);
 975
 976     std::vector<CodesignAllocation> allocations;
 977     _foreach (mach_header, source.GetMachHeaders()) {
 978         struct linkedit_data_command *signature(NULL);
 979         struct symtab_command *symtab(NULL);
 980
 981         _foreach (load_command, mach_header.GetLoadCommands()) {
 982             uint32_t cmd(mach_header.Swap(load_command->cmd));
 983             if (false);
 984             else if (cmd == LC_CODE_SIGNATURE)
 985                 signature = reinterpret_cast<struct linkedit_data_command *>(load_command);
 986             else if (cmd == LC_SYMTAB)
 987                 symtab = reinterpret_cast<struct symtab_command *>(load_command);
 988         }
 989
 990         size_t size;
 991         if (signature == NULL)
 992             size = mach_header.GetSize();
 993         else {
 994             size = mach_header.Swap(signature->dataoff);
 995             _assert(size <= mach_header.GetSize());
 996         }
 997
 998         if (symtab != NULL) {
 999             auto end(mach_header.Swap(symtab->stroff) + mach_header.Swap(symtab->strsize));
1000             _assert(end <= size);
1001             _assert(end >= size - 0x10);
1002             size = end;
1003         }
1004
1005         size_t alloc(allocate(size));
1006
1007         auto *fat_arch(mach_header.GetFatArch());
1008         uint32_t align(fat_arch == NULL ? 0 : source.Swap(fat_arch->align));
1009         offset = Align(offset, 1 << align);
1010
1011         uint32_t limit(size);
1012         if (alloc != 0)
1013             limit = Align(limit, 0x10);
1014
1015         allocations.push_back(CodesignAllocation(mach_header, offset, size, limit, alloc, align));
1016         offset += size + alloc;
1017         offset = Align(offset, 0x10);
1018     }
1019
1020     size_t position(0);
1021
1022     if (source.IsFat()) {
1023         fat_header fat_header;
1024         fat_header.magic = Swap(FAT_MAGIC);
1025         fat_header.nfat_arch = Swap(uint32_t(allocations.size()));
1026         put(output, &fat_header, sizeof(fat_header));
1027         position += sizeof(fat_header);
1028
1029         _foreach (allocation, allocations) {
1030             auto &mach_header(allocation.mach_header_);
1031
1032             fat_arch fat_arch;
1033             fat_arch.cputype = Swap(mach_header->cputype);
1034             fat_arch.cpusubtype = Swap(mach_header->cpusubtype);
1035             fat_arch.offset = Swap(allocation.offset_);
1036             fat_arch.size = Swap(allocation.limit_ + allocation.alloc_);
1037             fat_arch.align = Swap(allocation.align_);
1038             put(output, &fat_arch, sizeof(fat_arch));
1039             position += sizeof(fat_arch);
1040         }
1041     }
1042
1043     _foreach (allocation, allocations) {
1044         auto &mach_header(allocation.mach_header_);
1045
1046         pad(output, allocation.offset_ - position);
1047         position = allocation.offset_;
1048
1049         std::vector<std::string> commands;
1050
1051         _foreach (load_command, mach_header.GetLoadCommands()) {
1052             std::string copy(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(load_command), load_command->cmdsize);
1053
1054             switch (mach_header.Swap(load_command->cmd)) {
1055                 case LC_CODE_SIGNATURE:
1056                     continue;
1057                 break;
1058
1059                 case LC_SEGMENT: {
1060                     auto segment_command(reinterpret_cast<struct segment_command *>(&copy[0]));
1061                     if (strncmp(segment_command->segname, "__LINKEDIT", 16) != 0)
1062                         break;
1063                     size_t size(mach_header.Swap(allocation.limit_ + allocation.alloc_ - mach_header.Swap(segment_command->fileoff)));
1064                     segment_command->filesize = size;
1065                     segment_command->vmsize = Align(size, PageSize_);
1066                 } break;
1067
1068                 case LC_SEGMENT_64: {
1069                     auto segment_command(reinterpret_cast<struct segment_command_64 *>(&copy[0]));
1070                     if (strncmp(segment_command->segname, "__LINKEDIT", 16) != 0)
1071                         break;
1072                     size_t size(mach_header.Swap(allocation.limit_ + allocation.alloc_ - mach_header.Swap(segment_command->fileoff)));
1073                     segment_command->filesize = size;
1074                     segment_command->vmsize = Align(size, PageSize_);
1075                 } break;
1076             }
1077
1078             commands.push_back(copy);
1079         }
1080
1081         if (allocation.alloc_ != 0) {
1082             linkedit_data_command signature;
1083             signature.cmd = mach_header.Swap(LC_CODE_SIGNATURE);
1084             signature.cmdsize = mach_header.Swap(uint32_t(sizeof(signature)));
1085             signature.dataoff = mach_header.Swap(allocation.limit_);
1086             signature.datasize = mach_header.Swap(allocation.alloc_);
1087             commands.push_back(std::string(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(&signature), sizeof(signature)));
1088         }
1089
1090         size_t begin(position);
1091
1092         uint32_t after(0);
1093         _foreach(command, commands)
1094             after += command.size();
1095
1096         std::stringbuf altern;
1097
1098         struct mach_header header(*mach_header);
1099         header.ncmds = mach_header.Swap(uint32_t(commands.size()));
1100         header.sizeofcmds = mach_header.Swap(after);
1101         put(output, &header, sizeof(header));
1102         put(altern, &header, sizeof(header));
1103         position += sizeof(header);
1104
1105         if (mach_header.Bits64()) {
1106             auto pad(mach_header.Swap(uint32_t(0)));
1107             put(output, &pad, sizeof(pad));
1108             put(altern, &pad, sizeof(pad));
1109             position += sizeof(pad);
1110         }
1111
1112         _foreach(command, commands) {
1113             put(output, command.data(), command.size());
1114             put(altern, command.data(), command.size());
1115             position += command.size();
1116         }
1117
1118         uint32_t before(mach_header.Swap(mach_header->sizeofcmds));
1119         if (before > after) {
1120             pad(output, before - after);
1121             pad(altern, before - after);
1122             position += before - after;
1123         }
1124
1125         auto top(reinterpret_cast<char *>(mach_header.GetBase()));
1126
1127         std::string overlap(altern.str());
1128         overlap.append(top + overlap.size(), Align(overlap.size(), 0x1000) - overlap.size());
1129
1130         put(output, top + (position - begin), allocation.size_ - (position - begin));
1131         position = begin + allocation.size_;
1132
1133         pad(output, allocation.limit_ - allocation.size_);
1134         position += allocation.limit_ - allocation.size_;
1135
1136         size_t saved(save(output, allocation.limit_, overlap, top));
1137         if (allocation.alloc_ > saved)
1138             pad(output, allocation.alloc_ - saved);
1139         position += allocation.alloc_;
1140     }
1141 }
1142
1143 }
1144
1145 typedef std::map<uint32_t, std::string> Blobs;
1146
1147 static void insert(Blobs &blobs, uint32_t slot, const std::stringbuf &buffer) {
1148     auto value(buffer.str());
1149     std::swap(blobs[slot], value);
1150 }
1151
1152 static void insert(Blobs &blobs, uint32_t slot, uint32_t magic, const std::stringbuf &buffer) {
1153     auto value(buffer.str());
1154     Blob blob;
1155     blob.magic = Swap(magic);
1156     blob.length = Swap(uint32_t(sizeof(blob) + value.size()));
1157     value.insert(0, reinterpret_cast<char *>(&blob), sizeof(blob));
1158     std::swap(blobs[slot], value);
1159 }
1160
1161 static size_t put(std::streambuf &output, uint32_t magic, const Blobs &blobs) {
1162     size_t total(0);
1163     _foreach (blob, blobs)
1164         total += blob.second.size();
1165
1166     struct SuperBlob super;
1167     super.blob.magic = Swap(magic);
1168     super.blob.length = Swap(uint32_t(sizeof(SuperBlob) + blobs.size() * sizeof(BlobIndex) + total));
1169     super.count = Swap(uint32_t(blobs.size()));
1170     put(output, &super, sizeof(super));
1171
1172     size_t offset(sizeof(SuperBlob) + sizeof(BlobIndex) * blobs.size());
1173
1174     _foreach (blob, blobs) {
1175         BlobIndex index;
1176         index.type = Swap(blob.first);
1177         index.offset = Swap(uint32_t(offset));
1178         put(output, &index, sizeof(index));
1179         offset += blob.second.size();
1180     }
1181
1182     _foreach (blob, blobs)
1183         put(output, blob.second.data(), blob.second.size());
1184
1185     return offset;
1186 }
1187
1188 class Buffer {
1189   private:
1190     BIO *bio_;
1191
1192   public:
1193     Buffer(BIO *bio) :
1194         bio_(bio)
1195     {
1196         _assert(bio_ != NULL);
1197     }
1198
1199     Buffer() :
1200         bio_(BIO_new(BIO_s_mem()))
1201     {
1202     }
1203
1204     Buffer(const char *data, size_t size) :
1205         Buffer(BIO_new_mem_buf(const_cast<char *>(data), size))
1206     {
1207     }
1208
1209     Buffer(const std::string &data) :
1210         Buffer(data.data(), data.size())
1211     {
1212     }
1213
1214     Buffer(PKCS7 *pkcs) :
1215         Buffer()
1216     {
1217         _assert(i2d_PKCS7_bio(bio_, pkcs) != 0);
1218     }
1219
1220     ~Buffer() {
1221         BIO_free_all(bio_);
1222     }
1223
1224     operator BIO *() const {
1225         return bio_;
1226     }
1227
1228     explicit operator std::string() const {
1229         char *data;
1230         auto size(BIO_get_mem_data(bio_, &data));
1231         return std::string(data, size);
1232     }
1233 };
1234
1235 class Stuff {
1236   private:
1237     PKCS12 *value_;
1238     EVP_PKEY *key_;
1239     X509 *cert_;
1240     STACK_OF(X509) *ca_;
1241
1242   public:
1243     Stuff(BIO *bio) :
1244         value_(d2i_PKCS12_bio(bio, NULL)),
1245         ca_(NULL)
1246     {
1247         _assert(value_ != NULL);
1248         _assert(PKCS12_parse(value_, "", &key_, &cert_, &ca_) != 0);
1249         _assert(key_ != NULL);
1250         _assert(cert_ != NULL);
1251     }
1252
1253     Stuff(const std::string &data) :
1254         Stuff(Buffer(data))
1255     {
1256     }
1257
1258     ~Stuff() {
1259         sk_X509_pop_free(ca_, X509_free);
1260         X509_free(cert_);
1261         EVP_PKEY_free(key_);
1262         PKCS12_free(value_);
1263     }
1264
1265     operator PKCS12 *() const {
1266         return value_;
1267     }
1268
1269     operator EVP_PKEY *() const {
1270         return key_;
1271     }
1272
1273     operator X509 *() const {
1274         return cert_;
1275     }
1276
1277     operator STACK_OF(X509) *() const {
1278         return ca_;
1279     }
1280 };
1281
1282 class Signature {
1283   private:
1284     PKCS7 *value_;
1285
1286   public:
1287     Signature(const Stuff &stuff, const Buffer &data) :
1288         value_(PKCS7_sign(stuff, stuff, stuff, data, PKCS7_BINARY | PKCS7_DETACHED))
1289     {
1290         _assert(value_ != NULL);
1291     }
1292
1293     ~Signature() {
1294         PKCS7_free(value_);
1295     }
1296
1297     operator PKCS7 *() const {
1298         return value_;
1299     }
1300 };
1301
1302 class NullBuffer :
1303     public std::streambuf
1304 {
1305   public:
1306     virtual std::streamsize xsputn(const char_type *data, std::streamsize size) {
1307         return size;
1308     }
1309
1310     virtual int_type overflow(int_type next) {
1311         return next;
1312     }
1313 };
1314
1315 class HashBuffer :
1316     public std::streambuf
1317 {
1318   private:
1319     std::vector<char> &hash_;
1320     SHA_CTX context_;
1321
1322   public:
1323     HashBuffer(std::vector<char> &hash) :
1324         hash_(hash)
1325     {
1326         SHA1_Init(&context_);
1327     }
1328
1329     ~HashBuffer() {
1330         hash_.resize(SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH);
1331         SHA1_Final(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t *>(hash_.data()), &context_);
1332     }
1333
1334     virtual std::streamsize xsputn(const char_type *data, std::streamsize size) {
1335         SHA1_Update(&context_, data, size);
1336         return size;
1337     }
1338
1339     virtual int_type overflow(int_type next) {
1340         if (next == traits_type::eof())
1341             return sync();
1342         char value(next);
1343         xsputn(&value, 1);
1344         return next;
1345     }
1346 };
1347
1348 class HashProxy :
1349     public HashBuffer
1350 {
1351   private:
1352     std::streambuf &buffer_;
1353
1354   public:
1355     HashProxy(std::vector<char> &hash, std::streambuf &buffer) :
1356         HashBuffer(hash),
1357         buffer_(buffer)
1358     {
1359     }
1360
1361     virtual std::streamsize xsputn(const char_type *data, std::streamsize size) {
1362         _assert(HashBuffer::xsputn(data, size) == size);
1363         return buffer_.sputn(data, size);
1364     }
1365 };
1366
1367 static bool Starts(const std::string &lhs, const std::string &rhs) {
1368     return lhs.size() >= rhs.size() && lhs.compare(0, rhs.size(), rhs) == 0;
1369 }
1370
1371 class Split {
1372   public:
1373     std::string dir;
1374     std::string base;
1375
1376     Split(const std::string &path) {
1377         size_t slash(path.rfind('/'));
1378         if (slash == std::string::npos)
1379             base = path;
1380         else {
1381             dir = path.substr(0, slash + 1);
1382             base = path.substr(slash + 1);
1383         }
1384     }
1385 };
1386
1387 static void mkdir_p(const std::string &path) {
1388     if (path.empty())
1389         return;
1390     if (_syscall(mkdir(path.c_str(), 0755), EEXIST) == -EEXIST)
1391         return;
1392     auto slash(path.rfind('/', path.size() - 1));
1393     if (slash == std::string::npos)
1394         return;
1395     mkdir_p(path.substr(0, slash));
1396 }
1397
1398 static std::string Temporary(std::filebuf &file, const Split &split) {
1399     std::string temp(split.dir + ".ldid." + split.base);
1400     mkdir_p(split.dir);
1401     _assert_(file.open(temp.c_str(), std::ios::out | std::ios::trunc | std::ios::binary) == &file, "open(): %s", temp.c_str());
1402     return temp;
1403 }
1404
1405 static void Commit(const std::string &path, const std::string &temp) {
1406     struct stat info;
1407     if (_syscall(stat(path.c_str(), &info), ENOENT) == 0) {
1408 #ifndef __WIN32__
1409         _syscall(chown(temp.c_str(), info.st_uid, info.st_gid));
1410 #endif
1411         _syscall(chmod(temp.c_str(), info.st_mode));
1412     }
1413
1414     _syscall(rename(temp.c_str(), path.c_str()));
1415 }
1416
1417 namespace ldid {
1418
1419 void Sign(const void *idata, size_t isize, std::streambuf &output, const std::string &identifier, const std::string &entitlements, const std::string &key, const Slots &slots) {
1420     Allocate(idata, isize, output, fun([&](size_t size) -> size_t {
1421         size_t alloc(sizeof(struct SuperBlob));
1422
1423         uint32_t special(0);
1424
1425         special = std::max(special, CSSLOT_REQUIREMENTS);
1426         alloc += sizeof(struct BlobIndex);
1427         alloc += 0xc;
1428
1429         if (!entitlements.empty()) {
1430             special = std::max(special, CSSLOT_ENTITLEMENTS);
1431             alloc += sizeof(struct BlobIndex);
1432             alloc += sizeof(struct Blob);
1433             alloc += entitlements.size();
1434         }
1435
1436         special = std::max(special, CSSLOT_CODEDIRECTORY);
1437         alloc += sizeof(struct BlobIndex);
1438         alloc += sizeof(struct Blob);
1439         alloc += sizeof(struct CodeDirectory);
1440         alloc += identifier.size() + 1;
1441
1442         if (!key.empty()) {
1443             alloc += sizeof(struct BlobIndex);
1444             alloc += sizeof(struct Blob);
1445             // XXX: this is just a "sufficiently large number"
1446             alloc += 0x3000;
1447         }
1448
1449         _foreach (slot, slots)
1450             special = std::max(special, slot.first);
1451
1452         uint32_t normal((size + PageSize_ - 1) / PageSize_);
1453         alloc = Align(alloc + (special + normal) * SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH, 16);
1454         return alloc;
1455     }), fun([&](std::streambuf &output, size_t limit, const std::string &overlap, const char *top) -> size_t {
1456         Blobs blobs;
1457
1458         if (true) {
1459             std::stringbuf data;
1460
1461             Blobs requirements;
1462             put(data, CSMAGIC_REQUIREMENTS, requirements);
1463
1464             insert(blobs, CSSLOT_REQUIREMENTS, data);
1465         }
1466
1467         if (!entitlements.empty()) {
1468             std::stringbuf data;
1469             put(data, entitlements.data(), entitlements.size());
1470             insert(blobs, CSSLOT_ENTITLEMENTS, CSMAGIC_EMBEDDED_ENTITLEMENTS, data);
1471         }
1472
1473         if (true) {
1474             std::stringbuf data;
1475
1476             uint32_t special(0);
1477             _foreach (blob, blobs)
1478                 special = std::max(special, blob.first);
1479             _foreach (slot, slots)
1480                 special = std::max(special, slot.first);
1481             uint32_t normal((limit + PageSize_ - 1) / PageSize_);
1482
1483             CodeDirectory directory;
1484             directory.version = Swap(uint32_t(0x00020001));
1485             directory.flags = Swap(uint32_t(0));
1486             directory.hashOffset = Swap(uint32_t(sizeof(Blob) + sizeof(CodeDirectory) + identifier.size() + 1 + SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH * special));
1487             directory.identOffset = Swap(uint32_t(sizeof(Blob) + sizeof(CodeDirectory)));
1488             directory.nSpecialSlots = Swap(special);
1489             directory.codeLimit = Swap(uint32_t(limit));
1490             directory.nCodeSlots = Swap(normal);
1491             directory.hashSize = SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH;
1492             directory.hashType = CS_HASHTYPE_SHA1;
1493             directory.spare1 = 0x00;
1494             directory.pageSize = PageShift_;
1495             directory.spare2 = Swap(uint32_t(0));
1496             put(data, &directory, sizeof(directory));
1497
1498             put(data, identifier.c_str(), identifier.size() + 1);
1499
1500             uint8_t storage[special + normal][SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH];
1501             uint8_t (*hashes)[SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH] = storage + special;
1502
1503             memset(storage, 0, sizeof(*storage) * special);
1504
1505             _foreach (blob, blobs) {
1506                 auto local(reinterpret_cast<const Blob *>(&blob.second[0]));
1507                 sha1((uint8_t *) (hashes - blob.first), local, Swap(local->length));
1508             }
1509
1510             _foreach (slot, slots) {
1511                 _assert(sizeof(*hashes) == slot.second.size());
1512                 memcpy(hashes - slot.first, slot.second.data(), slot.second.size());
1513             }
1514
1515             if (normal != 1)
1516                 for (size_t i = 0; i != normal - 1; ++i)
1517                     sha1(hashes[i], (PageSize_ * i < overlap.size() ? overlap.data() : top) + PageSize_ * i, PageSize_);
1518             if (normal != 0)
1519                 sha1(hashes[normal - 1], top + PageSize_ * (normal - 1), ((limit - 1) % PageSize_) + 1);
1520
1521             put(data, storage, sizeof(storage));
1522
1523             insert(blobs, CSSLOT_CODEDIRECTORY, CSMAGIC_CODEDIRECTORY, data);
1524         }
1525
1526         if (!key.empty()) {
1527             std::stringbuf data;
1528             const std::string &sign(blobs[CSSLOT_CODEDIRECTORY]);
1529
1530             Stuff stuff(key);
1531             Buffer bio(sign);
1532
1533             Signature signature(stuff, sign);
1534             Buffer result(signature);
1535             std::string value(result);
1536             put(data, value.data(), value.size());
1537
1538             insert(blobs, CSSLOT_SIGNATURESLOT, CSMAGIC_BLOBWRAPPER, data);
1539         }
1540
1541         return put(output, CSMAGIC_EMBEDDED_SIGNATURE, blobs);
1542     }));
1543 }
1544
1545 static void Unsign(void *idata, size_t isize, std::streambuf &output) {
1546     Allocate(idata, isize, output, fun([](size_t size) -> size_t {
1547         return 0;
1548     }), fun([](std::streambuf &output, size_t limit, const std::string &overlap, const char *top) -> size_t {
1549         return 0;
1550     }));
1551 }
1552
1553 std::string DiskFolder::Path(const std::string &path) {
1554     return path_ + "/" + path;
1555 }
1556
1557 DiskFolder::DiskFolder(const std::string &path) :
1558     path_(path)
1559 {
1560 }
1561
1562 DiskFolder::~DiskFolder() {
1563     if (!std::uncaught_exception())
1564         for (const auto &commit : commit_)
1565             Commit(commit.first, commit.second);
1566 }
1567
1568 void DiskFolder::Find(const std::string &root, const std::string &base, const Functor<void (const std::string &, const Functor<void (const Functor<void (std::streambuf &, std::streambuf &)> &)> &)>&code) {
1569     std::string path(Path(root) + base);
1570
1571     DIR *dir(opendir(path.c_str()));
1572     _assert(dir != NULL);
1573     _scope({ _syscall(closedir(dir)); });
1574
1575     while (auto child = readdir(dir)) {
1576         std::string name(child->d_name);
1577         if (name == "." || name == "..")
1578             continue;
1579         if (Starts(name, ".ldid."))
1580             continue;
1581
1582         switch (child->d_type) {
1583             case DT_DIR:
1584                 Find(root, base + name + "/", code);
1585             break;
1586
1587             case DT_REG:
1588                 code(base + name, fun([&](const Functor<void (std::streambuf &, std::streambuf &)> &code) {
1589                     std::string access(root + base + name);
1590                     _assert_(Open(access, fun([&](std::streambuf &data) {
1591                         NullBuffer save;
1592                         code(data, save);
1593                     })), "open(): %s", access.c_str());
1594                 }));
1595             break;
1596
1597             default:
1598                 _assert_(false, "d_type=%u", child->d_type);
1599             break;
1600         }
1601     }
1602 }
1603
1604 void DiskFolder::Save(const std::string &path, const Functor<void (std::streambuf &)> &code) {
1605     std::filebuf save;
1606     auto from(Path(path));
1607     commit_[from] = Temporary(save, from);
1608     code(save);
1609 }
1610
1611 bool DiskFolder::Open(const std::string &path, const Functor<void (std::streambuf &)> &code) {
1612     std::filebuf data;
1613     auto result(data.open(Path(path).c_str(), std::ios::binary | std::ios::in));
1614     if (result == NULL)
1615         return false;
1616     _assert(result == &data);
1617     code(data);
1618     return true;
1619 }
1620
1621 void DiskFolder::Find(const std::string &path, const Functor<void (const std::string &, const Functor<void (const Functor<void (std::streambuf &, std::streambuf &)> &)> &)>&code) {
1622     Find(path, "", code);
1623 }
1624
1625 SubFolder::SubFolder(Folder *parent, const std::string &path) :
1626     parent_(parent),
1627     path_(path)
1628 {
1629 }
1630
1631 void SubFolder::Save(const std::string &path, const Functor<void (std::streambuf &)> &code) {
1632     return parent_->Save(path_ + path, code);
1633 }
1634
1635 bool SubFolder::Open(const std::string &path, const Functor<void (std::streambuf &)> &code) {
1636     return parent_->Open(path_ + path, code);
1637 }
1638
1639 void SubFolder::Find(const std::string &path, const Functor<void (const std::string &, const Functor<void (const Functor<void (std::streambuf &, std::streambuf &)> &)> &)> &code) {
1640     return parent_->Find(path_ + path, code);
1641 }
1642
1643 static size_t copy(std::streambuf &source, std::streambuf &target) {
1644     size_t total(0);
1645     for (;;) {
1646         char data[4096];
1647         size_t writ(source.sgetn(data, sizeof(data)));
1648         if (writ == 0)
1649             break;
1650         _assert(target.sputn(data, writ) == writ);
1651         total += writ;
1652     }
1653     return total;
1654 }
1655
1656 static PList::Structure *plist(const std::string &data) {
1657     if (!Starts(data, "bplist00"))
1658         return PList::Structure::FromXml(data);
1659     std::vector<char> bytes(data.data(), data.data() + data.size());
1660     return PList::Structure::FromBin(bytes);
1661 }
1662
1663 static void plist_d(std::streambuf &buffer, const Functor<void (PList::Dictionary *)> &code) {
1664     std::stringbuf data;
1665     copy(buffer, data);
1666     PList::Structure *structure(plist(data.str()));
1667     _scope({ delete structure; });
1668     auto dictionary(dynamic_cast<PList::Dictionary *>(structure));
1669     _assert(dictionary != NULL);
1670     code(dictionary);
1671 }
1672
1673 static std::string plist_s(PList::Node *node) {
1674     auto value(dynamic_cast<PList::String *>(node));
1675     _assert(value != NULL);
1676     return value->GetValue();
1677 }
1678
1679 enum Mode {
1680     NoMode,
1681     OptionalMode,
1682     OmitMode,
1683     NestedMode,
1684     TopMode,
1685 };
1686
1687 class Expression {
1688   private:
1689     regex_t regex_;
1690
1691   public:
1692     Expression(const std::string &code) {
1693         _assert_(regcomp(&regex_, code.c_str(), REG_EXTENDED | REG_NOSUB) == 0, "regcomp()");
1694     }
1695
1696     ~Expression() {
1697         regfree(&regex_);
1698     }
1699
1700     bool operator ()(const std::string &data) const {
1701         auto value(regexec(&regex_, data.c_str(), 0, NULL, 0));
1702         if (value == REG_NOMATCH)
1703             return false;
1704         _assert_(value == 0, "regexec()");
1705         return true;
1706     }
1707 };
1708
1709 struct Rule {
1710     unsigned weight_;
1711     Mode mode_;
1712     std::string code_;
1713
1714     mutable std::auto_ptr<Expression> regex_;
1715
1716     Rule(unsigned weight, Mode mode, const std::string &code) :
1717         weight_(weight),
1718         mode_(mode),
1719         code_(code)
1720     {
1721     }
1722
1723     Rule(const Rule &rhs) :
1724         weight_(rhs.weight_),
1725         mode_(rhs.mode_),
1726         code_(rhs.code_)
1727     {
1728     }
1729
1730     void Compile() const {
1731         regex_.reset(new Expression(code_));
1732     }
1733
1734     bool operator ()(const std::string &data) const {
1735         _assert(regex_.get() != NULL);
1736         return (*regex_)(data);
1737     }
1738
1739     bool operator <(const Rule &rhs) const {
1740         if (weight_ > rhs.weight_)
1741             return true;
1742         if (weight_ < rhs.weight_)
1743             return false;
1744         return mode_ > rhs.mode_;
1745     }
1746 };
1747
1748 struct RuleCode {
1749     bool operator ()(const Rule *lhs, const Rule *rhs) const {
1750         return lhs->code_ < rhs->code_;
1751     }
1752 };
1753
1754 std::string Bundle(const std::string &root, Folder &folder, const std::string &key, std::map<std::string, std::vector<char>> &remote) {
1755     std::string executable;
1756     std::string identifier;
1757
1758     static const std::string info("Info.plist");
1759
1760     _assert_(folder.Open(info, fun([&](std::streambuf &buffer) {
1761         plist_d(buffer, fun([&](PList::Dictionary *dictionary) {
1762             executable = plist_s(((*dictionary)["CFBundleExecutable"]));
1763             identifier = plist_s(((*dictionary)["CFBundleIdentifier"]));
1764         }));
1765     })), "open(): Info.plist");
1766
1767     std::map<std::string, std::multiset<Rule>> versions;
1768
1769     auto &rules1(versions[""]);
1770     auto &rules2(versions["2"]);
1771
1772     static const std::string signature("_CodeSignature/CodeResources");
1773
1774     folder.Open(signature, fun([&](std::streambuf &buffer) {
1775         plist_d(buffer, fun([&](PList::Dictionary *dictionary) {
1776             // XXX: maybe attempt to preserve existing rules
1777         }));
1778     }));
1779
1780     if (true) {
1781         rules1.insert(Rule{1, NoMode, "^"});
1782         rules1.insert(Rule{10000, OmitMode, "^(Frameworks/[^/]+\\.framework/|PlugIns/[^/]+\\.appex/|PlugIns/[^/]+\\.appex/Frameworks/[^/]+\\.framework/|())SC_Info/[^/]+\\.(sinf|supf|supp)$"});
1783         rules1.insert(Rule{1000, OptionalMode, "^.*\\.lproj/"});
1784         rules1.insert(Rule{1100, OmitMode, "^.*\\.lproj/locversion.plist$"});
1785         rules1.insert(Rule{10000, OmitMode, "^Watch/[^/]+\\.app/(Frameworks/[^/]+\\.framework/|PlugIns/[^/]+\\.appex/|PlugIns/[^/]+\\.appex/Frameworks/[^/]+\\.framework/)SC_Info/[^/]+\\.(sinf|supf|supp)$"});
1786         rules1.insert(Rule{1, NoMode, "^version.plist$"});
1787     }
1788
1789     if (true) {
1790         rules2.insert(Rule{11, NoMode, ".*\\.dSYM($|/)"});
1791         rules2.insert(Rule{20, NoMode, "^"});
1792         rules2.insert(Rule{2000, OmitMode, "^(.*/)?\\.DS_Store$"});
1793         rules2.insert(Rule{10000, OmitMode, "^(Frameworks/[^/]+\\.framework/|PlugIns/[^/]+\\.appex/|PlugIns/[^/]+\\.appex/Frameworks/[^/]+\\.framework/|())SC_Info/[^/]+\\.(sinf|supf|supp)$"});
1794         rules2.insert(Rule{10, NestedMode, "^(Frameworks|SharedFrameworks|PlugIns|Plug-ins|XPCServices|Helpers|MacOS|Library/(Automator|Spotlight|LoginItems))/"});
1795         rules2.insert(Rule{1, NoMode, "^.*"});
1796         rules2.insert(Rule{1000, OptionalMode, "^.*\\.lproj/"});
1797         rules2.insert(Rule{1100, OmitMode, "^.*\\.lproj/locversion.plist$"});
1798         rules2.insert(Rule{20, OmitMode, "^Info\\.plist$"});
1799         rules2.insert(Rule{20, OmitMode, "^PkgInfo$"});
1800         rules2.insert(Rule{10000, OmitMode, "^Watch/[^/]+\\.app/(Frameworks/[^/]+\\.framework/|PlugIns/[^/]+\\.appex/|PlugIns/[^/]+\\.appex/Frameworks/[^/]+\\.framework/)SC_Info/[^/]+\\.(sinf|supf|supp)$"});
1801         rules2.insert(Rule{10, NestedMode, "^[^/]+$"});
1802         rules2.insert(Rule{20, NoMode, "^embedded\\.provisionprofile$"});
1803         rules2.insert(Rule{20, NoMode, "^version\\.plist$"});
1804     }
1805
1806     std::map<std::string, std::vector<char>> local;
1807
1808     static Expression nested("^PlugIns/[^/]*\\.appex/Info\\.plist$");
1809
1810     folder.Find("", fun([&](const std::string &name, const Functor<void (const Functor<void (std::streambuf &, std::streambuf &)> &)> &code) {
1811         if (!nested(name))
1812             return;
1813         auto bundle(root + Split(name).dir);
1814         SubFolder subfolder(&folder, bundle);
1815         Bundle(bundle, subfolder, key, local);
1816     }));
1817
1818     folder.Find("", fun([&](const std::string &name, const Functor<void (const Functor<void (std::streambuf &, std::streambuf &)> &)> &code) {
1819         if (name == executable || name == signature)
1820             return;
1821
1822         auto &hash(local[name]);
1823         if (!hash.empty())
1824             return;
1825
1826         code(fun([&](std::streambuf &data, std::streambuf &save) {
1827             HashProxy proxy(hash, save);
1828             copy(data, proxy);
1829         }));
1830
1831         _assert(hash.size() == SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH);
1832     }));
1833
1834     PList::Dictionary plist;
1835
1836     for (const auto &version : versions) {
1837         PList::Dictionary files;
1838
1839         for (const auto &rule : version.second)
1840             rule.Compile();
1841
1842         for (const auto &hash : local)
1843             for (const auto &rule : version.second)
1844                 if (rule(hash.first)) {
1845                     if (rule.mode_ == NoMode)
1846                         files.Set(hash.first, PList::Data(hash.second));
1847                     else if (rule.mode_ == OptionalMode) {
1848                         PList::Dictionary entry;
1849                         entry.Set("hash", PList::Data(hash.second));
1850                         entry.Set("optional", PList::Boolean(true));
1851                         files.Set(hash.first, entry);
1852                     }
1853
1854                     break;
1855                 }
1856
1857         plist.Set("files" + version.first, files);
1858     }
1859
1860     for (const auto &version : versions) {
1861         PList::Dictionary rules;
1862
1863         std::multiset<const Rule *, RuleCode> ordered;
1864         for (const auto &rule : version.second)
1865             ordered.insert(&rule);
1866
1867         for (const auto &rule : ordered)
1868             if (rule->weight_ == 1 && rule->mode_ == NoMode)
1869                 rules.Set(rule->code_, PList::Boolean(true));
1870             else {
1871                 PList::Dictionary entry;
1872
1873                 switch (rule->mode_) {
1874                     case NoMode:
1875                         break;
1876                     case OmitMode:
1877                         entry.Set("omit", PList::Boolean(true));
1878                         break;
1879                     case OptionalMode:
1880                         entry.Set("optional", PList::Boolean(true));
1881                         break;
1882                     case NestedMode:
1883                         entry.Set("nested", PList::Boolean(true));
1884                         break;
1885                     case TopMode:
1886                         entry.Set("top", PList::Boolean(true));
1887                         break;
1888                 }
1889
1890                 if (rule->weight_ >= 10000)
1891                     entry.Set("weight", PList::Integer(rule->weight_));
1892                 else if (rule->weight_ != 1)
1893                     entry.Set("weight", PList::Real(rule->weight_));
1894
1895                 rules.Set(rule->code_, entry);
1896             }
1897
1898         plist.Set("rules" + version.first, rules);
1899     }
1900
1901     folder.Save(signature, fun([&](std::streambuf &save) {
1902         HashProxy proxy(local[signature], save);
1903         auto xml(plist.ToXml());
1904         put(proxy, xml.data(), xml.size());
1905     }));
1906
1907     folder.Open(executable, fun([&](std::streambuf &buffer) {
1908         // XXX: this is a miserable fail
1909         std::stringbuf temp;
1910         copy(buffer, temp);
1911         auto data(temp.str());
1912
1913         folder.Save(executable, fun([&](std::streambuf &save) {
1914             Slots slots;
1915             slots[1] = local.at(info);
1916             slots[3] = local.at(signature);
1917
1918             HashProxy proxy(local[executable], save);
1919             Sign(data.data(), data.size(), proxy, identifier, "", key, slots);
1920         }));
1921     }));
1922
1923     for (const auto &hash : local)
1924         remote[root + hash.first] = hash.second;
1925
1926     return executable;
1927 }
1928
1929 }
1930
1931 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1932     OpenSSL_add_all_algorithms();
1933
1934     union {
1935         uint16_t word;
1936         uint8_t byte[2];
1937     } endian = {1};
1938
1939     little_ = endian.byte[0];
1940
1941     bool flag_r(false);
1942     bool flag_e(false);
1943
1944     bool flag_T(false);
1945
1946     bool flag_S(false);
1947     bool flag_s(false);
1948
1949     bool flag_D(false);
1950
1951     bool flag_A(false);
1952     bool flag_a(false);
1953
1954     uint32_t flag_CPUType(_not(uint32_t));
1955     uint32_t flag_CPUSubtype(_not(uint32_t));
1956
1957     const char *flag_I(NULL);
1958
1959     bool timeh(false);
1960     uint32_t timev(0);
1961
1962     Map entitlements;
1963     Map key;
1964     ldid::Slots slots;
1965
1966     std::vector<std::string> files;
1967
1968     if (argc == 1) {
1969         fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s -S[entitlements.xml] <binary>\n", argv[0]);
1970         fprintf(stderr, "   %s -e MobileSafari\n", argv[0]);
1971         fprintf(stderr, "   %s -S cat\n", argv[0]);
1972         fprintf(stderr, "   %s -Stfp.xml gdb\n", argv[0]);
1973         exit(0);
1974     }
1975
1976     for (int argi(1); argi != argc; ++argi)
1977         if (argv[argi][0] != '-')
1978             files.push_back(argv[argi]);
1979         else switch (argv[argi][1]) {
1980             case 'r':
1981                 _assert(!flag_s);
1982                 _assert(!flag_S);
1983                 flag_r = true;
1984             break;
1985
1986             case 'e': flag_e = true; break;
1987
1988             case 'E': {
1989                 const char *slot = argv[argi] + 2;
1990                 const char *colon = strchr(slot, ':');
1991                 _assert(colon != NULL);
1992                 Map file(colon + 1, O_RDONLY, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE);
1993                 char *arge;
1994                 unsigned number(strtoul(slot, &arge, 0));
1995                 _assert(arge == colon);
1996                 std::vector<char> &hash(slots[number]);
1997                 hash.resize(SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH);
1998                 sha1(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t *>(hash.data()), file.data(), file.size());
1999             } break;
2000
2001             case 'D': flag_D = true; break;
2002
2003             case 'a': flag_a = true; break;
2004
2005             case 'A':
2006                 _assert(!flag_A);
2007                 flag_A = true;
2008                 if (argv[argi][2] != '\0') {
2009                     const char *cpu = argv[argi] + 2;
2010                     const char *colon = strchr(cpu, ':');
2011                     _assert(colon != NULL);
2012                     char *arge;
2013                     flag_CPUType = strtoul(cpu, &arge, 0);
2014                     _assert(arge == colon);
2015                     flag_CPUSubtype = strtoul(colon + 1, &arge, 0);
2016                     _assert(arge == argv[argi] + strlen(argv[argi]));
2017                 }
2018             break;
2019
2020             case 's':
2021                 _assert(!flag_r);
2022                 _assert(!flag_S);
2023                 flag_s = true;
2024             break;
2025
2026             case 'S':
2027                 _assert(!flag_r);
2028                 _assert(!flag_s);
2029                 flag_S = true;
2030                 if (argv[argi][2] != '\0') {
2031                     const char *xml = argv[argi] + 2;
2032                     entitlements.open(xml, O_RDONLY, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE);
2033                 }
2034             break;
2035
2036             case 'K':
2037                 key.open(argv[argi] + 2, O_RDONLY, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE);
2038             break;
2039
2040             case 'T': {
2041                 flag_T = true;
2042                 if (argv[argi][2] == '-')
2043                     timeh = true;
2044                 else {
2045                     char *arge;
2046                     timev = strtoul(argv[argi] + 2, &arge, 0);
2047                     _assert(arge == argv[argi] + strlen(argv[argi]));
2048                 }
2049             } break;
2050
2051             case 'I': {
2052                 flag_I = argv[argi] + 2;
2053             } break;
2054
2055             default:
2056                 goto usage;
2057             break;
2058         }
2059
2060     _assert(flag_S || key.empty());
2061     _assert(flag_S || flag_I == NULL);
2062
2063     if (files.empty()) usage: {
2064         exit(0);
2065     }
2066
2067     size_t filei(0), filee(0);
2068     _foreach (file, files) try {
2069         std::string path(file);
2070
2071         struct stat info;
2072         _syscall(stat(path.c_str(), &info));
2073
2074         if (S_ISDIR(info.st_mode)) {
2075             _assert(!flag_r);
2076             ldid::DiskFolder folder(path);
2077             std::map<std::string, std::vector<char>> hashes;
2078             path += "/" + Bundle("", folder, key, hashes);
2079         } else if (flag_S || flag_r) {
2080             Map input(path, O_RDONLY, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE);
2081
2082             std::filebuf output;
2083             Split split(path);
2084             auto temp(Temporary(output, split));
2085
2086             if (flag_r)
2087                 ldid::Unsign(input.data(), input.size(), output);
2088             else {
2089                 std::string identifier(flag_I ?: split.base.c_str());
2090                 ldid::Sign(input.data(), input.size(), output, identifier, entitlements, key, slots);
2091             }
2092
2093             Commit(path, temp);
2094         }
2095
2096         Map mapping(path, flag_T || flag_s);
2097         FatHeader fat_header(mapping.data(), mapping.size());
2098
2099         _foreach (mach_header, fat_header.GetMachHeaders()) {
2100             struct linkedit_data_command *signature(NULL);
2101             struct encryption_info_command *encryption(NULL);
2102
2103             if (flag_A) {
2104                 if (mach_header.GetCPUType() != flag_CPUType)
2105                     continue;
2106                 if (mach_header.GetCPUSubtype() != flag_CPUSubtype)
2107                     continue;
2108             }
2109
2110             if (flag_a)
2111                 printf("cpu=0x%x:0x%x\n", mach_header.GetCPUType(), mach_header.GetCPUSubtype());
2112
2113             _foreach (load_command, mach_header.GetLoadCommands()) {
2114                 uint32_t cmd(mach_header.Swap(load_command->cmd));
2115
2116                 if (false);
2117                 else if (cmd == LC_CODE_SIGNATURE)
2118                     signature = reinterpret_cast<struct linkedit_data_command *>(load_command);
2119                 else if (cmd == LC_ENCRYPTION_INFO || cmd == LC_ENCRYPTION_INFO_64)
2120                     encryption = reinterpret_cast<struct encryption_info_command *>(load_command);
2121                 else if (cmd == LC_ID_DYLIB) {
2122                     volatile struct dylib_command *dylib_command(reinterpret_cast<struct dylib_command *>(load_command));
2123
2124                     if (flag_T) {
2125                         uint32_t timed;
2126
2127                         if (!timeh)
2128                             timed = timev;
2129                         else {
2130                             dylib_command->dylib.timestamp = 0;
2131                             timed = hash(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t *>(mach_header.GetBase()), mach_header.GetSize(), timev);
2132                         }
2133
2134                         dylib_command->dylib.timestamp = mach_header.Swap(timed);
2135                     }
2136                 }
2137             }
2138
2139             if (flag_D) {
2140                 _assert(encryption != NULL);
2141                 encryption->cryptid = mach_header.Swap(0);
2142             }
2143
2144             if (flag_e) {
2145                 _assert(signature != NULL);
2146
2147                 uint32_t data = mach_header.Swap(signature->dataoff);
2148
2149                 uint8_t *top = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t *>(mach_header.GetBase());
2150                 uint8_t *blob = top + data;
2151                 struct SuperBlob *super = reinterpret_cast<struct SuperBlob *>(blob);
2152
2153                 for (size_t index(0); index != Swap(super->count); ++index)
2154                     if (Swap(super->index[index].type) == CSSLOT_ENTITLEMENTS) {
2155                         uint32_t begin = Swap(super->index[index].offset);
2156                         struct Blob *entitlements = reinterpret_cast<struct Blob *>(blob + begin);
2157                         fwrite(entitlements + 1, 1, Swap(entitlements->length) - sizeof(*entitlements), stdout);
2158                     }
2159             }
2160
2161             if (flag_s) {
2162                 _assert(signature != NULL);
2163
2164                 uint32_t data = mach_header.Swap(signature->dataoff);
2165
2166                 uint8_t *top = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t *>(mach_header.GetBase());
2167                 uint8_t *blob = top + data;
2168                 struct SuperBlob *super = reinterpret_cast<struct SuperBlob *>(blob);
2169
2170                 for (size_t index(0); index != Swap(super->count); ++index)
2171                     if (Swap(super->index[index].type) == CSSLOT_CODEDIRECTORY) {
2172                         uint32_t begin = Swap(super->index[index].offset);
2173                         struct CodeDirectory *directory = reinterpret_cast<struct CodeDirectory *>(blob + begin);
2174
2175                         uint8_t (*hashes)[SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH] = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t (*)[SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH]>(blob + begin + Swap(directory->hashOffset));
2176                         uint32_t pages = Swap(directory->nCodeSlots);
2177
2178                         if (pages != 1)
2179                             for (size_t i = 0; i != pages - 1; ++i)
2180                                 sha1(hashes[i], top + PageSize_ * i, PageSize_);
2181                         if (pages != 0)
2182                             sha1(hashes[pages - 1], top + PageSize_ * (pages - 1), ((data - 1) % PageSize_) + 1);
2183                     }
2184             }
2185         }
2186
2187         ++filei;
2188     } catch (const char *) {
2189         ++filee;
2190         ++filei;
2191     }
2192
2193     return filee;
2194 }