ldid.cpp

   1 /* ldid - (Mach-O) Link-Loader Identity Editor
   2  * Copyright (C) 2007-2015  Jay Freeman (saurik)
   3 */
   4
   5 /* GNU Affero General Public License, Version 3 {{{ */
   6 /*
   7  * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   8  * it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by
   9  * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
  10  * (at your option) any later version.
  11
  12  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  13  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  14  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  15  * GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
  16
  17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
  18  * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  19 **/
  20 /* }}} */
  21
  22 #include <cstdio>
  23 #include <cstdlib>
  24 #include <cstring>
  25 #include <fstream>
  26 #include <iostream>
  27 #include <set>
  28 #include <sstream>
  29 #include <string>
  30 #include <vector>
  31
  32 #include <errno.h>
  33 #include <fcntl.h>
  34 #include <fts.h>
  35 #include <regex.h>
  36 #include <stdbool.h>
  37 #include <stdint.h>
  38 #include <unistd.h>
  39
  40 #include <sys/mman.h>
  41 #include <sys/stat.h>
  42 #include <sys/types.h>
  43
  44 #include <openssl/err.h>
  45 #include <openssl/pem.h>
  46 #include <openssl/pkcs7.h>
  47 #include <openssl/pkcs12.h>
  48 #include <openssl/sha.h>
  49
  50 #include <plist/plist++.h>
  51
  52 #include "ldid.hpp"
  53
  54 #define _assert___(line) \
  55     #line
  56 #define _assert__(line) \
  57     _assert___(line)
  58
  59 #define _assert_(expr, format, ...) \
  60     do if (!(expr)) { \
  61         fprintf(stderr, "%s(%u): _assert(): " format "\n", __FILE__, __LINE__, ## __VA_ARGS__); \
  62         throw __FILE__ "(" _assert__(__LINE__) "): _assert(" #expr ")"; \
  63     } while (false)
  64
  65 #define _assert(expr) \
  66     _assert_(expr, "%s", #expr)
  67
  68 #define _syscall(expr, ...) [&] { for (;;) { \
  69     auto _value(expr); \
  70     if ((long) _value != -1) \
  71         return _value; \
  72     int error(errno); \
  73     if (error == EINTR) \
  74         continue; \
  75     for (auto success : (long[]) {__VA_ARGS__}) \
  76         if (error == success) \
  77             return (decltype(expr)) -success; \
  78     _assert_(false, "errno=%u", error); \
  79 } }()
  80
  81 #define _trace() \
  82     fprintf(stderr, "_trace(%s:%u): %s\n", __FILE__, __LINE__, __FUNCTION__)
  83
  84 #define _not(type) \
  85     ((type) ~ (type) 0)
  86
  87 #define _packed \
  88     __attribute__((packed))
  89
  90 template <typename Type_>
  91 struct Iterator_ {
  92     typedef typename Type_::const_iterator Result;
  93 };
  94
  95 #define _foreach(item, list) \
  96     for (bool _stop(true); _stop; ) \
  97         for (const __typeof__(list) &_list = (list); _stop; _stop = false) \
  98             for (Iterator_<__typeof__(list)>::Result _item = _list.begin(); _item != _list.end(); ++_item) \
  99                 for (bool _suck(true); _suck; _suck = false) \
 100                     for (const __typeof__(*_item) &item = *_item; _suck; _suck = false)
 101
 102 class _Scope {
 103 };
 104
 105 template <typename Function_>
 106 class Scope :
 107     public _Scope
 108 {
 109   private:
 110     Function_ function_;
 111
 112   public:
 113     Scope(const Function_ &function) :
 114         function_(function)
 115     {
 116     }
 117
 118     ~Scope() {
 119         function_();
 120     }
 121 };
 122
 123 template <typename Function_>
 124 Scope<Function_> _scope(const Function_ &function) {
 125     return Scope<Function_>(function);
 126 }
 127
 128 #define _scope__(counter, function) \
 129     __attribute__((__unused__)) \
 130     const _Scope &_scope ## counter(_scope([&]function))
 131 #define _scope_(counter, function) \
 132     _scope__(counter, function)
 133 #define _scope(function) \
 134     _scope_(__COUNTER__, function)
 135
 136 struct fat_header {
 137     uint32_t magic;
 138     uint32_t nfat_arch;
 139 } _packed;
 140
 141 #define FAT_MAGIC 0xcafebabe
 142 #define FAT_CIGAM 0xbebafeca
 143
 144 struct fat_arch {
 145     uint32_t cputype;
 146     uint32_t cpusubtype;
 147     uint32_t offset;
 148     uint32_t size;
 149     uint32_t align;
 150 } _packed;
 151
 152 struct mach_header {
 153     uint32_t magic;
 154     uint32_t cputype;
 155     uint32_t cpusubtype;
 156     uint32_t filetype;
 157     uint32_t ncmds;
 158     uint32_t sizeofcmds;
 159     uint32_t flags;
 160 } _packed;
 161
 162 #define MH_MAGIC 0xfeedface
 163 #define MH_CIGAM 0xcefaedfe
 164
 165 #define MH_MAGIC_64 0xfeedfacf
 166 #define MH_CIGAM_64 0xcffaedfe
 167
 168 #define MH_DYLDLINK   0x4
 169
 170 #define MH_OBJECT     0x1
 171 #define MH_EXECUTE    0x2
 172 #define MH_DYLIB      0x6
 173 #define MH_BUNDLE     0x8
 174 #define MH_DYLIB_STUB 0x9
 175
 176 struct load_command {
 177     uint32_t cmd;
 178     uint32_t cmdsize;
 179 } _packed;
 180
 181 #define LC_REQ_DYLD           uint32_t(0x80000000)
 182
 183 #define LC_SEGMENT            uint32_t(0x01)
 184 #define LC_SYMTAB             uint32_t(0x02)
 185 #define LC_DYSYMTAB           uint32_t(0x0b)
 186 #define LC_LOAD_DYLIB         uint32_t(0x0c)
 187 #define LC_ID_DYLIB           uint32_t(0x0d)
 188 #define LC_SEGMENT_64         uint32_t(0x19)
 189 #define LC_UUID               uint32_t(0x1b)
 190 #define LC_CODE_SIGNATURE     uint32_t(0x1d)
 191 #define LC_SEGMENT_SPLIT_INFO uint32_t(0x1e)
 192 #define LC_REEXPORT_DYLIB     uint32_t(0x1f | LC_REQ_DYLD)
 193 #define LC_ENCRYPTION_INFO    uint32_t(0x21)
 194 #define LC_DYLD_INFO          uint32_t(0x22)
 195 #define LC_DYLD_INFO_ONLY     uint32_t(0x22 | LC_REQ_DYLD)
 196 #define LC_ENCRYPTION_INFO_64 uint32_t(0x2c)
 197
 198 struct dylib {
 199     uint32_t name;
 200     uint32_t timestamp;
 201     uint32_t current_version;
 202     uint32_t compatibility_version;
 203 } _packed;
 204
 205 struct dylib_command {
 206     uint32_t cmd;
 207     uint32_t cmdsize;
 208     struct dylib dylib;
 209 } _packed;
 210
 211 struct uuid_command {
 212     uint32_t cmd;
 213     uint32_t cmdsize;
 214     uint8_t uuid[16];
 215 } _packed;
 216
 217 struct symtab_command {
 218     uint32_t cmd;
 219     uint32_t cmdsize;
 220     uint32_t symoff;
 221     uint32_t nsyms;
 222     uint32_t stroff;
 223     uint32_t strsize;
 224 } _packed;
 225
 226 struct dyld_info_command {
 227     uint32_t cmd;
 228     uint32_t cmdsize;
 229     uint32_t rebase_off;
 230     uint32_t rebase_size;
 231     uint32_t bind_off;
 232     uint32_t bind_size;
 233     uint32_t weak_bind_off;
 234     uint32_t weak_bind_size;
 235     uint32_t lazy_bind_off;
 236     uint32_t lazy_bind_size;
 237     uint32_t export_off;
 238     uint32_t export_size;
 239 } _packed;
 240
 241 struct dysymtab_command {
 242     uint32_t cmd;
 243     uint32_t cmdsize;
 244     uint32_t ilocalsym;
 245     uint32_t nlocalsym;
 246     uint32_t iextdefsym;
 247     uint32_t nextdefsym;
 248     uint32_t iundefsym;
 249     uint32_t nundefsym;
 250     uint32_t tocoff;
 251     uint32_t ntoc;
 252     uint32_t modtaboff;
 253     uint32_t nmodtab;
 254     uint32_t extrefsymoff;
 255     uint32_t nextrefsyms;
 256     uint32_t indirectsymoff;
 257     uint32_t nindirectsyms;
 258     uint32_t extreloff;
 259     uint32_t nextrel;
 260     uint32_t locreloff;
 261     uint32_t nlocrel;
 262 } _packed;
 263
 264 struct dylib_table_of_contents {
 265     uint32_t symbol_index;
 266     uint32_t module_index;
 267 } _packed;
 268
 269 struct dylib_module {
 270     uint32_t module_name;
 271     uint32_t iextdefsym;
 272     uint32_t nextdefsym;
 273     uint32_t irefsym;
 274     uint32_t nrefsym;
 275     uint32_t ilocalsym;
 276     uint32_t nlocalsym;
 277     uint32_t iextrel;
 278     uint32_t nextrel;
 279     uint32_t iinit_iterm;
 280     uint32_t ninit_nterm;
 281     uint32_t objc_module_info_addr;
 282     uint32_t objc_module_info_size;
 283 } _packed;
 284
 285 struct dylib_reference {
 286     uint32_t isym:24;
 287     uint32_t flags:8;
 288 } _packed;
 289
 290 struct relocation_info {
 291     int32_t r_address;
 292     uint32_t r_symbolnum:24;
 293     uint32_t r_pcrel:1;
 294     uint32_t r_length:2;
 295     uint32_t r_extern:1;
 296     uint32_t r_type:4;
 297 } _packed;
 298
 299 struct nlist {
 300     union {
 301         char *n_name;
 302         int32_t n_strx;
 303     } n_un;
 304
 305     uint8_t n_type;
 306     uint8_t n_sect;
 307     uint8_t n_desc;
 308     uint32_t n_value;
 309 } _packed;
 310
 311 struct segment_command {
 312     uint32_t cmd;
 313     uint32_t cmdsize;
 314     char segname[16];
 315     uint32_t vmaddr;
 316     uint32_t vmsize;
 317     uint32_t fileoff;
 318     uint32_t filesize;
 319     uint32_t maxprot;
 320     uint32_t initprot;
 321     uint32_t nsects;
 322     uint32_t flags;
 323 } _packed;
 324
 325 struct segment_command_64 {
 326     uint32_t cmd;
 327     uint32_t cmdsize;
 328     char segname[16];
 329     uint64_t vmaddr;
 330     uint64_t vmsize;
 331     uint64_t fileoff;
 332     uint64_t filesize;
 333     uint32_t maxprot;
 334     uint32_t initprot;
 335     uint32_t nsects;
 336     uint32_t flags;
 337 } _packed;
 338
 339 struct section {
 340     char sectname[16];
 341     char segname[16];
 342     uint32_t addr;
 343     uint32_t size;
 344     uint32_t offset;
 345     uint32_t align;
 346     uint32_t reloff;
 347     uint32_t nreloc;
 348     uint32_t flags;
 349     uint32_t reserved1;
 350     uint32_t reserved2;
 351 } _packed;
 352
 353 struct section_64 {
 354     char sectname[16];
 355     char segname[16];
 356     uint64_t addr;
 357     uint64_t size;
 358     uint32_t offset;
 359     uint32_t align;
 360     uint32_t reloff;
 361     uint32_t nreloc;
 362     uint32_t flags;
 363     uint32_t reserved1;
 364     uint32_t reserved2;
 365 } _packed;
 366
 367 struct linkedit_data_command {
 368     uint32_t cmd;
 369     uint32_t cmdsize;
 370     uint32_t dataoff;
 371     uint32_t datasize;
 372 } _packed;
 373
 374 struct encryption_info_command {
 375     uint32_t cmd;
 376     uint32_t cmdsize;
 377     uint32_t cryptoff;
 378     uint32_t cryptsize;
 379     uint32_t cryptid;
 380 } _packed;
 381
 382 #define BIND_OPCODE_MASK                             0xf0
 383 #define BIND_IMMEDIATE_MASK                          0x0f
 384 #define BIND_OPCODE_DONE                             0x00
 385 #define BIND_OPCODE_SET_DYLIB_ORDINAL_IMM            0x10
 386 #define BIND_OPCODE_SET_DYLIB_ORDINAL_ULEB           0x20
 387 #define BIND_OPCODE_SET_DYLIB_SPECIAL_IMM            0x30
 388 #define BIND_OPCODE_SET_SYMBOL_TRAILING_FLAGS_IMM    0x40
 389 #define BIND_OPCODE_SET_TYPE_IMM                     0x50
 390 #define BIND_OPCODE_SET_ADDEND_SLEB                  0x60
 391 #define BIND_OPCODE_SET_SEGMENT_AND_OFFSET_ULEB      0x70
 392 #define BIND_OPCODE_ADD_ADDR_ULEB                    0x80
 393 #define BIND_OPCODE_DO_BIND                          0x90
 394 #define BIND_OPCODE_DO_BIND_ADD_ADDR_ULEB            0xa0
 395 #define BIND_OPCODE_DO_BIND_ADD_ADDR_IMM_SCALED      0xb0
 396 #define BIND_OPCODE_DO_BIND_ULEB_TIMES_SKIPPING_ULEB 0xc0
 397
 398 inline void get(std::streambuf &stream, void *data, size_t size) {
 399     _assert(stream.sgetn(static_cast<char *>(data), size) == size);
 400 }
 401
 402 inline void put(std::streambuf &stream, const void *data, size_t size) {
 403     _assert(stream.sputn(static_cast<const char *>(data), size) == size);
 404 }
 405
 406 inline void pad(std::streambuf &stream, size_t size) {
 407     char padding[size];
 408     memset(padding, 0, size);
 409     put(stream, padding, size);
 410 }
 411
 412 template <typename Type_>
 413 Type_ Align(Type_ value, size_t align) {
 414     value += align - 1;
 415     value /= align;
 416     value *= align;
 417     return value;
 418 }
 419
 420 static const uint8_t PageShift_(0x0c);
 421 static const uint32_t PageSize_(1 << PageShift_);
 422
 423 static inline uint16_t Swap_(uint16_t value) {
 424     return
 425         ((value >>  8) & 0x00ff) |
 426         ((value <<  8) & 0xff00);
 427 }
 428
 429 static inline uint32_t Swap_(uint32_t value) {
 430     value = ((value >>  8) & 0x00ff00ff) |
 431             ((value <<  8) & 0xff00ff00);
 432     value = ((value >> 16) & 0x0000ffff) |
 433             ((value << 16) & 0xffff0000);
 434     return value;
 435 }
 436
 437 static inline uint64_t Swap_(uint64_t value) {
 438     value = (value & 0x00000000ffffffff) << 32 | (value & 0xffffffff00000000) >> 32;
 439     value = (value & 0x0000ffff0000ffff) << 16 | (value & 0xffff0000ffff0000) >> 16;
 440     value = (value & 0x00ff00ff00ff00ff) << 8  | (value & 0xff00ff00ff00ff00) >> 8;
 441     return value;
 442 }
 443
 444 static inline int16_t Swap_(int16_t value) {
 445     return Swap_(static_cast<uint16_t>(value));
 446 }
 447
 448 static inline int32_t Swap_(int32_t value) {
 449     return Swap_(static_cast<uint32_t>(value));
 450 }
 451
 452 static inline int64_t Swap_(int64_t value) {
 453     return Swap_(static_cast<uint64_t>(value));
 454 }
 455
 456 static bool little_(true);
 457
 458 static inline uint16_t Swap(uint16_t value) {
 459     return little_ ? Swap_(value) : value;
 460 }
 461
 462 static inline uint32_t Swap(uint32_t value) {
 463     return little_ ? Swap_(value) : value;
 464 }
 465
 466 static inline uint64_t Swap(uint64_t value) {
 467     return little_ ? Swap_(value) : value;
 468 }
 469
 470 static inline int16_t Swap(int16_t value) {
 471     return Swap(static_cast<uint16_t>(value));
 472 }
 473
 474 static inline int32_t Swap(int32_t value) {
 475     return Swap(static_cast<uint32_t>(value));
 476 }
 477
 478 static inline int64_t Swap(int64_t value) {
 479     return Swap(static_cast<uint64_t>(value));
 480 }
 481
 482 template <typename Target_>
 483 class Pointer;
 484
 485 class Swapped {
 486   protected:
 487     bool swapped_;
 488
 489     Swapped() :
 490         swapped_(false)
 491     {
 492     }
 493
 494   public:
 495     Swapped(bool swapped) :
 496         swapped_(swapped)
 497     {
 498     }
 499
 500     template <typename Type_>
 501     Type_ Swap(Type_ value) const {
 502         return swapped_ ? Swap_(value) : value;
 503     }
 504 };
 505
 506 class Data :
 507     public Swapped
 508 {
 509   private:
 510     void *base_;
 511     size_t size_;
 512
 513   public:
 514     Data(void *base, size_t size) :
 515         base_(base),
 516         size_(size)
 517     {
 518     }
 519
 520     void *GetBase() const {
 521         return base_;
 522     }
 523
 524     size_t GetSize() const {
 525         return size_;
 526     }
 527 };
 528
 529 class MachHeader :
 530     public Data
 531 {
 532   private:
 533     bool bits64_;
 534
 535     struct mach_header *mach_header_;
 536     struct load_command *load_command_;
 537
 538   public:
 539     MachHeader(void *base, size_t size) :
 540         Data(base, size)
 541     {
 542         mach_header_ = (mach_header *) base;
 543
 544         switch (Swap(mach_header_->magic)) {
 545             case MH_CIGAM:
 546                 swapped_ = !swapped_;
 547             case MH_MAGIC:
 548                 bits64_ = false;
 549             break;
 550
 551             case MH_CIGAM_64:
 552                 swapped_ = !swapped_;
 553             case MH_MAGIC_64:
 554                 bits64_ = true;
 555             break;
 556
 557             default:
 558                 _assert(false);
 559         }
 560
 561         void *post = mach_header_ + 1;
 562         if (bits64_)
 563             post = (uint32_t *) post + 1;
 564         load_command_ = (struct load_command *) post;
 565
 566         _assert(
 567             Swap(mach_header_->filetype) == MH_EXECUTE ||
 568             Swap(mach_header_->filetype) == MH_DYLIB ||
 569             Swap(mach_header_->filetype) == MH_BUNDLE
 570         );
 571     }
 572
 573     bool Bits64() const {
 574         return bits64_;
 575     }
 576
 577     struct mach_header *operator ->() const {
 578         return mach_header_;
 579     }
 580
 581     operator struct mach_header *() const {
 582         return mach_header_;
 583     }
 584
 585     uint32_t GetCPUType() const {
 586         return Swap(mach_header_->cputype);
 587     }
 588
 589     uint32_t GetCPUSubtype() const {
 590         return Swap(mach_header_->cpusubtype) & 0xff;
 591     }
 592
 593     struct load_command *GetLoadCommand() const {
 594         return load_command_;
 595     }
 596
 597     std::vector<struct load_command *> GetLoadCommands() const {
 598         std::vector<struct load_command *> load_commands;
 599
 600         struct load_command *load_command = load_command_;
 601         for (uint32_t cmd = 0; cmd != Swap(mach_header_->ncmds); ++cmd) {
 602             load_commands.push_back(load_command);
 603             load_command = (struct load_command *) ((uint8_t *) load_command + Swap(load_command->cmdsize));
 604         }
 605
 606         return load_commands;
 607     }
 608
 609     std::vector<segment_command *> GetSegments(const char *segment_name) const {
 610         std::vector<struct segment_command *> segment_commands;
 611
 612         _foreach (load_command, GetLoadCommands()) {
 613             if (Swap(load_command->cmd) == LC_SEGMENT) {
 614                 segment_command *segment_command = reinterpret_cast<struct segment_command *>(load_command);
 615                 if (strncmp(segment_command->segname, segment_name, 16) == 0)
 616                     segment_commands.push_back(segment_command);
 617             }
 618         }
 619
 620         return segment_commands;
 621     }
 622
 623     std::vector<segment_command_64 *> GetSegments64(const char *segment_name) const {
 624         std::vector<struct segment_command_64 *> segment_commands;
 625
 626         _foreach (load_command, GetLoadCommands()) {
 627             if (Swap(load_command->cmd) == LC_SEGMENT_64) {
 628                 segment_command_64 *segment_command = reinterpret_cast<struct segment_command_64 *>(load_command);
 629                 if (strncmp(segment_command->segname, segment_name, 16) == 0)
 630                     segment_commands.push_back(segment_command);
 631             }
 632         }
 633
 634         return segment_commands;
 635     }
 636
 637     std::vector<section *> GetSections(const char *segment_name, const char *section_name) const {
 638         std::vector<section *> sections;
 639
 640         _foreach (segment, GetSegments(segment_name)) {
 641             section *section = (struct section *) (segment + 1);
 642
 643             uint32_t sect;
 644             for (sect = 0; sect != Swap(segment->nsects); ++sect) {
 645                 if (strncmp(section->sectname, section_name, 16) == 0)
 646                     sections.push_back(section);
 647                 ++section;
 648             }
 649         }
 650
 651         return sections;
 652     }
 653
 654     template <typename Target_>
 655     Pointer<Target_> GetPointer(uint32_t address, const char *segment_name = NULL) const {
 656         load_command *load_command = (struct load_command *) (mach_header_ + 1);
 657         uint32_t cmd;
 658
 659         for (cmd = 0; cmd != Swap(mach_header_->ncmds); ++cmd) {
 660             if (Swap(load_command->cmd) == LC_SEGMENT) {
 661                 segment_command *segment_command = (struct segment_command *) load_command;
 662                 if (segment_name != NULL && strncmp(segment_command->segname, segment_name, 16) != 0)
 663                     goto next_command;
 664
 665                 section *sections = (struct section *) (segment_command + 1);
 666
 667                 uint32_t sect;
 668                 for (sect = 0; sect != Swap(segment_command->nsects); ++sect) {
 669                     section *section = &sections[sect];
 670                     //printf("%s %u %p %p %u\n", segment_command->segname, sect, address, section->addr, section->size);
 671                     if (address >= Swap(section->addr) && address < Swap(section->addr) + Swap(section->size)) {
 672                         //printf("0x%.8x %s\n", address, segment_command->segname);
 673                         return Pointer<Target_>(this, reinterpret_cast<Target_ *>(address - Swap(section->addr) + Swap(section->offset) + (char *) mach_header_));
 674                     }
 675                 }
 676             }
 677
 678           next_command:
 679             load_command = (struct load_command *) ((char *) load_command + Swap(load_command->cmdsize));
 680         }
 681
 682         return Pointer<Target_>(this);
 683     }
 684
 685     template <typename Target_>
 686     Pointer<Target_> GetOffset(uint32_t offset) {
 687         return Pointer<Target_>(this, reinterpret_cast<Target_ *>(offset + (uint8_t *) mach_header_));
 688     }
 689 };
 690
 691 class FatMachHeader :
 692     public MachHeader
 693 {
 694   private:
 695     fat_arch *fat_arch_;
 696
 697   public:
 698     FatMachHeader(void *base, size_t size, fat_arch *fat_arch) :
 699         MachHeader(base, size),
 700         fat_arch_(fat_arch)
 701     {
 702     }
 703
 704     fat_arch *GetFatArch() const {
 705         return fat_arch_;
 706     }
 707 };
 708
 709 class FatHeader :
 710     public Data
 711 {
 712   private:
 713     fat_header *fat_header_;
 714     std::vector<FatMachHeader> mach_headers_;
 715
 716   public:
 717     FatHeader(void *base, size_t size) :
 718         Data(base, size)
 719     {
 720         fat_header_ = reinterpret_cast<struct fat_header *>(base);
 721
 722         if (Swap(fat_header_->magic) == FAT_CIGAM) {
 723             swapped_ = !swapped_;
 724             goto fat;
 725         } else if (Swap(fat_header_->magic) != FAT_MAGIC) {
 726             fat_header_ = NULL;
 727             mach_headers_.push_back(FatMachHeader(base, size, NULL));
 728         } else fat: {
 729             size_t fat_narch = Swap(fat_header_->nfat_arch);
 730             fat_arch *fat_arch = reinterpret_cast<struct fat_arch *>(fat_header_ + 1);
 731             size_t arch;
 732             for (arch = 0; arch != fat_narch; ++arch) {
 733                 uint32_t arch_offset = Swap(fat_arch->offset);
 734                 uint32_t arch_size = Swap(fat_arch->size);
 735                 mach_headers_.push_back(FatMachHeader((uint8_t *) base + arch_offset, arch_size, fat_arch));
 736                 ++fat_arch;
 737             }
 738         }
 739     }
 740
 741     std::vector<FatMachHeader> &GetMachHeaders() {
 742         return mach_headers_;
 743     }
 744
 745     bool IsFat() const {
 746         return fat_header_ != NULL;
 747     }
 748
 749     struct fat_header *operator ->() const {
 750         return fat_header_;
 751     }
 752
 753     operator struct fat_header *() const {
 754         return fat_header_;
 755     }
 756 };
 757
 758 template <typename Target_>
 759 class Pointer {
 760   private:
 761     const MachHeader *framework_;
 762     const Target_ *pointer_;
 763
 764   public:
 765     Pointer(const MachHeader *framework = NULL, const Target_ *pointer = NULL) :
 766         framework_(framework),
 767         pointer_(pointer)
 768     {
 769     }
 770
 771     operator const Target_ *() const {
 772         return pointer_;
 773     }
 774
 775     const Target_ *operator ->() const {
 776         return pointer_;
 777     }
 778
 779     Pointer<Target_> &operator ++() {
 780         ++pointer_;
 781         return *this;
 782     }
 783
 784     template <typename Value_>
 785     Value_ Swap(Value_ value) {
 786         return framework_->Swap(value);
 787     }
 788 };
 789
 790 #define CSMAGIC_REQUIREMENT            uint32_t(0xfade0c00)
 791 #define CSMAGIC_REQUIREMENTS           uint32_t(0xfade0c01)
 792 #define CSMAGIC_CODEDIRECTORY          uint32_t(0xfade0c02)
 793 #define CSMAGIC_EMBEDDED_SIGNATURE     uint32_t(0xfade0cc0)
 794 #define CSMAGIC_EMBEDDED_SIGNATURE_OLD uint32_t(0xfade0b02)
 795 #define CSMAGIC_EMBEDDED_ENTITLEMENTS  uint32_t(0xfade7171)
 796 #define CSMAGIC_DETACHED_SIGNATURE     uint32_t(0xfade0cc1)
 797 #define CSMAGIC_BLOBWRAPPER            uint32_t(0xfade0b01)
 798
 799 #define CSSLOT_CODEDIRECTORY uint32_t(0x00000)
 800 #define CSSLOT_INFOSLOT      uint32_t(0x00001)
 801 #define CSSLOT_REQUIREMENTS  uint32_t(0x00002)
 802 #define CSSLOT_RESOURCEDIR   uint32_t(0x00003)
 803 #define CSSLOT_APPLICATION   uint32_t(0x00004)
 804 #define CSSLOT_ENTITLEMENTS  uint32_t(0x00005)
 805
 806 #define CSSLOT_SIGNATURESLOT uint32_t(0x10000)
 807
 808 #define CS_HASHTYPE_SHA1 1
 809
 810 struct BlobIndex {
 811     uint32_t type;
 812     uint32_t offset;
 813 } _packed;
 814
 815 struct Blob {
 816     uint32_t magic;
 817     uint32_t length;
 818 } _packed;
 819
 820 struct SuperBlob {
 821     struct Blob blob;
 822     uint32_t count;
 823     struct BlobIndex index[];
 824 } _packed;
 825
 826 struct CodeDirectory {
 827     uint32_t version;
 828     uint32_t flags;
 829     uint32_t hashOffset;
 830     uint32_t identOffset;
 831     uint32_t nSpecialSlots;
 832     uint32_t nCodeSlots;
 833     uint32_t codeLimit;
 834     uint8_t hashSize;
 835     uint8_t hashType;
 836     uint8_t spare1;
 837     uint8_t pageSize;
 838     uint32_t spare2;
 839 } _packed;
 840
 841 extern "C" uint32_t hash(uint8_t *k, uint32_t length, uint32_t initval);
 842
 843 static void sha1(uint8_t *hash, const void *data, size_t size) {
 844     SHA1(static_cast<const uint8_t *>(data), size, hash);
 845 }
 846
 847 struct CodesignAllocation {
 848     FatMachHeader mach_header_;
 849     uint32_t offset_;
 850     uint32_t size_;
 851     uint32_t limit_;
 852     uint32_t alloc_;
 853     uint32_t align_;
 854
 855     CodesignAllocation(FatMachHeader mach_header, size_t offset, size_t size, size_t limit, size_t alloc, size_t align) :
 856         mach_header_(mach_header),
 857         offset_(offset),
 858         size_(size),
 859         limit_(limit),
 860         alloc_(alloc),
 861         align_(align)
 862     {
 863     }
 864 };
 865
 866 class File {
 867   private:
 868     int file_;
 869
 870   public:
 871     File() :
 872         file_(-1)
 873     {
 874     }
 875
 876     ~File() {
 877         if (file_ != -1)
 878             _syscall(close(file_));
 879     }
 880
 881     void open(const char *path, int flags) {
 882         _assert(file_ == -1);
 883         file_ = _syscall(::open(path, flags));
 884     }
 885
 886     int file() const {
 887         return file_;
 888     }
 889 };
 890
 891 class Map {
 892   private:
 893     File file_;
 894     void *data_;
 895     size_t size_;
 896
 897     void clear() {
 898         if (data_ == NULL)
 899             return;
 900         _syscall(munmap(data_, size_));
 901         data_ = NULL;
 902         size_ = 0;
 903     }
 904
 905   public:
 906     Map() :
 907         data_(NULL),
 908         size_(0)
 909     {
 910     }
 911
 912     Map(const std::string &path, int oflag, int pflag, int mflag) :
 913         Map()
 914     {
 915         open(path, oflag, pflag, mflag);
 916     }
 917
 918     Map(const std::string &path, bool edit) :
 919         Map()
 920     {
 921         open(path, edit);
 922     }
 923
 924     ~Map() {
 925         clear();
 926     }
 927
 928     bool empty() const {
 929         return data_ == NULL;
 930     }
 931
 932     void open(const std::string &path, int oflag, int pflag, int mflag) {
 933         clear();
 934
 935         file_.open(path.c_str(), oflag);
 936         int file(file_.file());
 937
 938         struct stat stat;
 939         _syscall(fstat(file, &stat));
 940         size_ = stat.st_size;
 941
 942         data_ = _syscall(mmap(NULL, size_, pflag, mflag, file, 0));
 943     }
 944
 945     void open(const std::string &path, bool edit) {
 946         if (edit)
 947             open(path, O_RDWR, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED);
 948         else
 949             open(path, O_RDONLY, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE);
 950     }
 951
 952     void *data() const {
 953         return data_;
 954     }
 955
 956     size_t size() const {
 957         return size_;
 958     }
 959
 960     operator std::string() const {
 961         return std::string(static_cast<char *>(data_), size_);
 962     }
 963 };
 964
 965 namespace ldid {
 966
 967 static void Allocate(const void *idata, size_t isize, std::streambuf &output, const Functor<size_t (size_t)> &allocate, const Functor<size_t (std::streambuf &output, size_t, const std::string &, const char *)> &save) {
 968     FatHeader source(const_cast<void *>(idata), isize);
 969
 970     size_t offset(0);
 971     if (source.IsFat())
 972         offset += sizeof(fat_header) + sizeof(fat_arch) * source.Swap(source->nfat_arch);
 973
 974     std::vector<CodesignAllocation> allocations;
 975     _foreach (mach_header, source.GetMachHeaders()) {
 976         struct linkedit_data_command *signature(NULL);
 977         struct symtab_command *symtab(NULL);
 978
 979         _foreach (load_command, mach_header.GetLoadCommands()) {
 980             uint32_t cmd(mach_header.Swap(load_command->cmd));
 981             if (false);
 982             else if (cmd == LC_CODE_SIGNATURE)
 983                 signature = reinterpret_cast<struct linkedit_data_command *>(load_command);
 984             else if (cmd == LC_SYMTAB)
 985                 symtab = reinterpret_cast<struct symtab_command *>(load_command);
 986         }
 987
 988         size_t size;
 989         if (signature == NULL)
 990             size = mach_header.GetSize();
 991         else {
 992             size = mach_header.Swap(signature->dataoff);
 993             _assert(size <= mach_header.GetSize());
 994         }
 995
 996         if (symtab != NULL) {
 997             auto end(mach_header.Swap(symtab->stroff) + mach_header.Swap(symtab->strsize));
 998             _assert(end <= size);
 999             _assert(end >= size - 0x10);
1000             size = end;
1001         }
1002
1003         size_t alloc(allocate(size));
1004
1005         auto *fat_arch(mach_header.GetFatArch());
1006         uint32_t align(fat_arch == NULL ? 0 : source.Swap(fat_arch->align));
1007         offset = Align(offset, 1 << align);
1008
1009         uint32_t limit(size);
1010         if (alloc != 0)
1011             limit = Align(limit, 0x10);
1012
1013         allocations.push_back(CodesignAllocation(mach_header, offset, size, limit, alloc, align));
1014         offset += size + alloc;
1015         offset = Align(offset, 0x10);
1016     }
1017
1018     size_t position(0);
1019
1020     if (source.IsFat()) {
1021         fat_header fat_header;
1022         fat_header.magic = Swap(FAT_MAGIC);
1023         fat_header.nfat_arch = Swap(uint32_t(allocations.size()));
1024         put(output, &fat_header, sizeof(fat_header));
1025         position += sizeof(fat_header);
1026
1027         _foreach (allocation, allocations) {
1028             auto &mach_header(allocation.mach_header_);
1029
1030             fat_arch fat_arch;
1031             fat_arch.cputype = Swap(mach_header->cputype);
1032             fat_arch.cpusubtype = Swap(mach_header->cpusubtype);
1033             fat_arch.offset = Swap(allocation.offset_);
1034             fat_arch.size = Swap(allocation.limit_ + allocation.alloc_);
1035             fat_arch.align = Swap(allocation.align_);
1036             put(output, &fat_arch, sizeof(fat_arch));
1037             position += sizeof(fat_arch);
1038         }
1039     }
1040
1041     _foreach (allocation, allocations) {
1042         auto &mach_header(allocation.mach_header_);
1043
1044         pad(output, allocation.offset_ - position);
1045         position = allocation.offset_;
1046
1047         std::vector<std::string> commands;
1048
1049         _foreach (load_command, mach_header.GetLoadCommands()) {
1050             std::string copy(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(load_command), load_command->cmdsize);
1051
1052             switch (mach_header.Swap(load_command->cmd)) {
1053                 case LC_CODE_SIGNATURE:
1054                     continue;
1055                 break;
1056
1057                 case LC_SEGMENT: {
1058                     auto segment_command(reinterpret_cast<struct segment_command *>(&copy[0]));
1059                     if (strncmp(segment_command->segname, "__LINKEDIT", 16) != 0)
1060                         break;
1061                     size_t size(mach_header.Swap(allocation.limit_ + allocation.alloc_ - mach_header.Swap(segment_command->fileoff)));
1062                     segment_command->filesize = size;
1063                     segment_command->vmsize = Align(size, PageSize_);
1064                 } break;
1065
1066                 case LC_SEGMENT_64: {
1067                     auto segment_command(reinterpret_cast<struct segment_command_64 *>(&copy[0]));
1068                     if (strncmp(segment_command->segname, "__LINKEDIT", 16) != 0)
1069                         break;
1070                     size_t size(mach_header.Swap(allocation.limit_ + allocation.alloc_ - mach_header.Swap(segment_command->fileoff)));
1071                     segment_command->filesize = size;
1072                     segment_command->vmsize = Align(size, PageSize_);
1073                 } break;
1074             }
1075
1076             commands.push_back(copy);
1077         }
1078
1079         if (allocation.alloc_ != 0) {
1080             linkedit_data_command signature;
1081             signature.cmd = mach_header.Swap(LC_CODE_SIGNATURE);
1082             signature.cmdsize = mach_header.Swap(uint32_t(sizeof(signature)));
1083             signature.dataoff = mach_header.Swap(allocation.limit_);
1084             signature.datasize = mach_header.Swap(allocation.alloc_);
1085             commands.push_back(std::string(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(&signature), sizeof(signature)));
1086         }
1087
1088         size_t begin(position);
1089
1090         uint32_t after(0);
1091         _foreach(command, commands)
1092             after += command.size();
1093
1094         std::stringbuf altern;
1095
1096         struct mach_header header(*mach_header);
1097         header.ncmds = mach_header.Swap(uint32_t(commands.size()));
1098         header.sizeofcmds = mach_header.Swap(after);
1099         put(output, &header, sizeof(header));
1100         put(altern, &header, sizeof(header));
1101         position += sizeof(header);
1102
1103         if (mach_header.Bits64()) {
1104             auto pad(mach_header.Swap(uint32_t(0)));
1105             put(output, &pad, sizeof(pad));
1106             put(altern, &pad, sizeof(pad));
1107             position += sizeof(pad);
1108         }
1109
1110         _foreach(command, commands) {
1111             put(output, command.data(), command.size());
1112             put(altern, command.data(), command.size());
1113             position += command.size();
1114         }
1115
1116         uint32_t before(mach_header.Swap(mach_header->sizeofcmds));
1117         if (before > after) {
1118             pad(output, before - after);
1119             pad(altern, before - after);
1120             position += before - after;
1121         }
1122
1123         auto top(reinterpret_cast<char *>(mach_header.GetBase()));
1124
1125         std::string overlap(altern.str());
1126         overlap.append(top + overlap.size(), Align(overlap.size(), 0x1000) - overlap.size());
1127
1128         put(output, top + (position - begin), allocation.size_ - (position - begin));
1129         position = begin + allocation.size_;
1130
1131         pad(output, allocation.limit_ - allocation.size_);
1132         position += allocation.limit_ - allocation.size_;
1133
1134         size_t saved(save(output, allocation.limit_, overlap, top));
1135         if (allocation.alloc_ > saved)
1136             pad(output, allocation.alloc_ - saved);
1137         position += allocation.alloc_;
1138     }
1139 }
1140
1141 }
1142
1143 typedef std::map<uint32_t, std::string> Blobs;
1144
1145 static void insert(Blobs &blobs, uint32_t slot, const std::stringbuf &buffer) {
1146     auto value(buffer.str());
1147     std::swap(blobs[slot], value);
1148 }
1149
1150 static void insert(Blobs &blobs, uint32_t slot, uint32_t magic, const std::stringbuf &buffer) {
1151     auto value(buffer.str());
1152     Blob blob;
1153     blob.magic = Swap(magic);
1154     blob.length = Swap(uint32_t(sizeof(blob) + value.size()));
1155     value.insert(0, reinterpret_cast<char *>(&blob), sizeof(blob));
1156     std::swap(blobs[slot], value);
1157 }
1158
1159 static size_t put(std::streambuf &output, uint32_t magic, const Blobs &blobs) {
1160     size_t total(0);
1161     _foreach (blob, blobs)
1162         total += blob.second.size();
1163
1164     struct SuperBlob super;
1165     super.blob.magic = Swap(magic);
1166     super.blob.length = Swap(uint32_t(sizeof(SuperBlob) + blobs.size() * sizeof(BlobIndex) + total));
1167     super.count = Swap(uint32_t(blobs.size()));
1168     put(output, &super, sizeof(super));
1169
1170     size_t offset(sizeof(SuperBlob) + sizeof(BlobIndex) * blobs.size());
1171
1172     _foreach (blob, blobs) {
1173         BlobIndex index;
1174         index.type = Swap(blob.first);
1175         index.offset = Swap(uint32_t(offset));
1176         put(output, &index, sizeof(index));
1177         offset += blob.second.size();
1178     }
1179
1180     _foreach (blob, blobs)
1181         put(output, blob.second.data(), blob.second.size());
1182
1183     return offset;
1184 }
1185
1186 class Buffer {
1187   private:
1188     BIO *bio_;
1189
1190   public:
1191     Buffer(BIO *bio) :
1192         bio_(bio)
1193     {
1194         _assert(bio_ != NULL);
1195     }
1196
1197     Buffer() :
1198         bio_(BIO_new(BIO_s_mem()))
1199     {
1200     }
1201
1202     Buffer(const char *data, size_t size) :
1203         Buffer(BIO_new_mem_buf(const_cast<char *>(data), size))
1204     {
1205     }
1206
1207     Buffer(const std::string &data) :
1208         Buffer(data.data(), data.size())
1209     {
1210     }
1211
1212     Buffer(PKCS7 *pkcs) :
1213         Buffer()
1214     {
1215         _assert(i2d_PKCS7_bio(bio_, pkcs) != 0);
1216     }
1217
1218     ~Buffer() {
1219         BIO_free_all(bio_);
1220     }
1221
1222     operator BIO *() const {
1223         return bio_;
1224     }
1225
1226     explicit operator std::string() const {
1227         char *data;
1228         auto size(BIO_get_mem_data(bio_, &data));
1229         return std::string(data, size);
1230     }
1231 };
1232
1233 class Stuff {
1234   private:
1235     PKCS12 *value_;
1236     EVP_PKEY *key_;
1237     X509 *cert_;
1238     STACK_OF(X509) *ca_;
1239
1240   public:
1241     Stuff(BIO *bio) :
1242         value_(d2i_PKCS12_bio(bio, NULL)),
1243         ca_(NULL)
1244     {
1245         _assert(value_ != NULL);
1246         _assert(PKCS12_parse(value_, "", &key_, &cert_, &ca_) != 0);
1247         _assert(key_ != NULL);
1248         _assert(cert_ != NULL);
1249     }
1250
1251     Stuff(const std::string &data) :
1252         Stuff(Buffer(data))
1253     {
1254     }
1255
1256     ~Stuff() {
1257         sk_X509_pop_free(ca_, X509_free);
1258         X509_free(cert_);
1259         EVP_PKEY_free(key_);
1260         PKCS12_free(value_);
1261     }
1262
1263     operator PKCS12 *() const {
1264         return value_;
1265     }
1266
1267     operator EVP_PKEY *() const {
1268         return key_;
1269     }
1270
1271     operator X509 *() const {
1272         return cert_;
1273     }
1274
1275     operator STACK_OF(X509) *() const {
1276         return ca_;
1277     }
1278 };
1279
1280 class Signature {
1281   private:
1282     PKCS7 *value_;
1283
1284   public:
1285     Signature(const Stuff &stuff, const Buffer &data) :
1286         value_(PKCS7_sign(stuff, stuff, stuff, data, PKCS7_BINARY | PKCS7_DETACHED))
1287     {
1288         _assert(value_ != NULL);
1289     }
1290
1291     ~Signature() {
1292         PKCS7_free(value_);
1293     }
1294
1295     operator PKCS7 *() const {
1296         return value_;
1297     }
1298 };
1299
1300 class NullBuffer :
1301     public std::streambuf
1302 {
1303   public:
1304     virtual std::streamsize xsputn(const char_type *data, std::streamsize size) {
1305         return size;
1306     }
1307
1308     virtual int_type overflow(int_type next) {
1309         return next;
1310     }
1311 };
1312
1313 class HashBuffer :
1314     public std::streambuf
1315 {
1316   private:
1317     std::vector<char> &hash_;
1318     SHA_CTX context_;
1319
1320   public:
1321     HashBuffer(std::vector<char> &hash) :
1322         hash_(hash)
1323     {
1324         SHA1_Init(&context_);
1325     }
1326
1327     ~HashBuffer() {
1328         hash_.resize(SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH);
1329         SHA1_Final(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t *>(hash_.data()), &context_);
1330     }
1331
1332     virtual std::streamsize xsputn(const char_type *data, std::streamsize size) {
1333         SHA1_Update(&context_, data, size);
1334         return size;
1335     }
1336
1337     virtual int_type overflow(int_type next) {
1338         if (next == traits_type::eof())
1339             return sync();
1340         char value(next);
1341         xsputn(&value, 1);
1342         return next;
1343     }
1344 };
1345
1346 class HashProxy :
1347     public HashBuffer
1348 {
1349   private:
1350     std::streambuf &buffer_;
1351
1352   public:
1353     HashProxy(std::vector<char> &hash, std::streambuf &buffer) :
1354         HashBuffer(hash),
1355         buffer_(buffer)
1356     {
1357     }
1358
1359     virtual std::streamsize xsputn(const char_type *data, std::streamsize size) {
1360         _assert(HashBuffer::xsputn(data, size) == size);
1361         return buffer_.sputn(data, size);
1362     }
1363 };
1364
1365 static bool Starts(const std::string &lhs, const std::string &rhs) {
1366     return lhs.size() >= rhs.size() && lhs.compare(0, rhs.size(), rhs) == 0;
1367 }
1368
1369 class Split {
1370   public:
1371     std::string dir;
1372     std::string base;
1373
1374     Split(const std::string &path) {
1375         size_t slash(path.rfind('/'));
1376         if (slash == std::string::npos)
1377             base = path;
1378         else {
1379             dir = path.substr(0, slash + 1);
1380             base = path.substr(slash + 1);
1381         }
1382     }
1383 };
1384
1385 static void mkdir_p(const std::string &path) {
1386     if (path.empty())
1387         return;
1388     if (_syscall(mkdir(path.c_str(), 0755), EEXIST) == -EEXIST)
1389         return;
1390     auto slash(path.rfind('/', path.size() - 1));
1391     if (slash == std::string::npos)
1392         return;
1393     mkdir_p(path.substr(0, slash));
1394 }
1395
1396 static std::string Temporary(std::filebuf &file, const Split &split) {
1397     std::string temp(split.dir + ".ldid." + split.base);
1398     mkdir_p(split.dir);
1399     _assert_(file.open(temp.c_str(), std::ios::out | std::ios::trunc | std::ios::binary) == &file, "open(): %s", temp.c_str());
1400     return temp;
1401 }
1402
1403 static void Commit(const std::string &path, const std::string &temp) {
1404     struct stat info;
1405     if (_syscall(stat(path.c_str(), &info), ENOENT) == 0) {
1406 #ifndef __WIN32__
1407         _syscall(chown(temp.c_str(), info.st_uid, info.st_gid));
1408 #endif
1409         _syscall(chmod(temp.c_str(), info.st_mode));
1410     }
1411
1412     _syscall(rename(temp.c_str(), path.c_str()));
1413 }
1414
1415 namespace ldid {
1416
1417 void Sign(const void *idata, size_t isize, std::streambuf &output, const std::string &identifier, const std::string &entitlements, const std::string &key, const Slots &slots) {
1418     Allocate(idata, isize, output, fun([&](size_t size) -> size_t {
1419         size_t alloc(sizeof(struct SuperBlob));
1420
1421         uint32_t special(0);
1422
1423         special = std::max(special, CSSLOT_REQUIREMENTS);
1424         alloc += sizeof(struct BlobIndex);
1425         alloc += 0xc;
1426
1427         if (!entitlements.empty()) {
1428             special = std::max(special, CSSLOT_ENTITLEMENTS);
1429             alloc += sizeof(struct BlobIndex);
1430             alloc += sizeof(struct Blob);
1431             alloc += entitlements.size();
1432         }
1433
1434         special = std::max(special, CSSLOT_CODEDIRECTORY);
1435         alloc += sizeof(struct BlobIndex);
1436         alloc += sizeof(struct Blob);
1437         alloc += sizeof(struct CodeDirectory);
1438         alloc += identifier.size() + 1;
1439
1440         if (!key.empty()) {
1441             alloc += sizeof(struct BlobIndex);
1442             alloc += sizeof(struct Blob);
1443             // XXX: this is just a "sufficiently large number"
1444             alloc += 0x3000;
1445         }
1446
1447         _foreach (slot, slots)
1448             special = std::max(special, slot.first);
1449
1450         uint32_t normal((size + PageSize_ - 1) / PageSize_);
1451         alloc = Align(alloc + (special + normal) * SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH, 16);
1452         return alloc;
1453     }), fun([&](std::streambuf &output, size_t limit, const std::string &overlap, const char *top) -> size_t {
1454         Blobs blobs;
1455
1456         if (true) {
1457             std::stringbuf data;
1458
1459             Blobs requirements;
1460             put(data, CSMAGIC_REQUIREMENTS, requirements);
1461
1462             insert(blobs, CSSLOT_REQUIREMENTS, data);
1463         }
1464
1465         if (!entitlements.empty()) {
1466             std::stringbuf data;
1467             put(data, entitlements.data(), entitlements.size());
1468             insert(blobs, CSSLOT_ENTITLEMENTS, CSMAGIC_EMBEDDED_ENTITLEMENTS, data);
1469         }
1470
1471         if (true) {
1472             std::stringbuf data;
1473
1474             uint32_t special(0);
1475             _foreach (blob, blobs)
1476                 special = std::max(special, blob.first);
1477             _foreach (slot, slots)
1478                 special = std::max(special, slot.first);
1479             uint32_t normal((limit + PageSize_ - 1) / PageSize_);
1480
1481             CodeDirectory directory;
1482             directory.version = Swap(uint32_t(0x00020001));
1483             directory.flags = Swap(uint32_t(0));
1484             directory.hashOffset = Swap(uint32_t(sizeof(Blob) + sizeof(CodeDirectory) + identifier.size() + 1 + SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH * special));
1485             directory.identOffset = Swap(uint32_t(sizeof(Blob) + sizeof(CodeDirectory)));
1486             directory.nSpecialSlots = Swap(special);
1487             directory.codeLimit = Swap(uint32_t(limit));
1488             directory.nCodeSlots = Swap(normal);
1489             directory.hashSize = SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH;
1490             directory.hashType = CS_HASHTYPE_SHA1;
1491             directory.spare1 = 0x00;
1492             directory.pageSize = PageShift_;
1493             directory.spare2 = Swap(uint32_t(0));
1494             put(data, &directory, sizeof(directory));
1495
1496             put(data, identifier.c_str(), identifier.size() + 1);
1497
1498             uint8_t storage[special + normal][SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH];
1499             uint8_t (*hashes)[SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH] = storage + special;
1500
1501             memset(storage, 0, sizeof(*storage) * special);
1502
1503             _foreach (blob, blobs) {
1504                 auto local(reinterpret_cast<const Blob *>(&blob.second[0]));
1505                 sha1((uint8_t *) (hashes - blob.first), local, Swap(local->length));
1506             }
1507
1508             _foreach (slot, slots) {
1509                 _assert(sizeof(*hashes) == slot.second.size());
1510                 memcpy(hashes - slot.first, slot.second.data(), slot.second.size());
1511             }
1512
1513             if (normal != 1)
1514                 for (size_t i = 0; i != normal - 1; ++i)
1515                     sha1(hashes[i], (PageSize_ * i < overlap.size() ? overlap.data() : top) + PageSize_ * i, PageSize_);
1516             if (normal != 0)
1517                 sha1(hashes[normal - 1], top + PageSize_ * (normal - 1), ((limit - 1) % PageSize_) + 1);
1518
1519             put(data, storage, sizeof(storage));
1520
1521             insert(blobs, CSSLOT_CODEDIRECTORY, CSMAGIC_CODEDIRECTORY, data);
1522         }
1523
1524         if (!key.empty()) {
1525             std::stringbuf data;
1526             const std::string &sign(blobs[CSSLOT_CODEDIRECTORY]);
1527
1528             Stuff stuff(key);
1529             Buffer bio(sign);
1530
1531             Signature signature(stuff, sign);
1532             Buffer result(signature);
1533             std::string value(result);
1534             put(data, value.data(), value.size());
1535
1536             insert(blobs, CSSLOT_SIGNATURESLOT, CSMAGIC_BLOBWRAPPER, data);
1537         }
1538
1539         return put(output, CSMAGIC_EMBEDDED_SIGNATURE, blobs);
1540     }));
1541 }
1542
1543 static void Unsign(void *idata, size_t isize, std::streambuf &output) {
1544     Allocate(idata, isize, output, fun([](size_t size) -> size_t {
1545         return 0;
1546     }), fun([](std::streambuf &output, size_t limit, const std::string &overlap, const char *top) -> size_t {
1547         return 0;
1548     }));
1549 }
1550
1551 std::string DiskFolder::Path(const std::string &path) {
1552     return path_ + "/" + path;
1553 }
1554
1555 DiskFolder::DiskFolder(const std::string &path) :
1556     path_(path)
1557 {
1558 }
1559
1560 DiskFolder::~DiskFolder() {
1561     if (!std::uncaught_exception())
1562         for (const auto &commit : commit_)
1563             Commit(commit.first, commit.second);
1564 }
1565
1566 void DiskFolder::Save(const std::string &path, const Functor<void (std::streambuf &)> &code) {
1567     std::filebuf save;
1568     auto from(Path(path));
1569     commit_[from] = Temporary(save, from);
1570     code(save);
1571 }
1572
1573 bool DiskFolder::Open(const std::string &path, const Functor<void (std::streambuf &)> &code) {
1574     std::filebuf data;
1575     auto result(data.open(Path(path).c_str(), std::ios::binary | std::ios::in));
1576     if (result == NULL)
1577         return false;
1578     _assert(result == &data);
1579     code(data);
1580     return true;
1581 }
1582
1583 void DiskFolder::Find(const std::string &path, const Functor<void (const std::string &, const Functor<void (const Functor<void (std::streambuf &, std::streambuf &)> &)> &)>&code) {
1584     auto root(Path(path));
1585
1586     FTS *fts(fts_open((char *[]) {const_cast<char *>(root.c_str()), NULL}, FTS_PHYSICAL | FTS_NOCHDIR, NULL));
1587     _assert(fts != NULL);
1588     _scope({ fts_close(fts); });
1589
1590     while (FTSENT *entry = fts_read(fts)) {
1591         _assert(entry->fts_pathlen >= root.size());
1592         _assert(strncmp(entry->fts_path, root.c_str(), root.size()) == 0);
1593         if (entry->fts_pathlen == root.size())
1594             continue;
1595
1596         _assert(entry->fts_path[root.size()] == '/');
1597         std::string name(entry->fts_path + root.size() + 1);
1598
1599         if (Starts(Split(name).base, ".ldid."))
1600             continue;
1601
1602         switch (auto info = entry->fts_info) {
1603             case FTS_D:
1604             case FTS_DP:
1605             break;
1606
1607             case FTS_F: {
1608                 code(name, fun([&](const Functor<void (std::streambuf &, std::streambuf &)> &code) {
1609                     std::string access(path + name);
1610                     _assert_(Open(access, fun([&](std::streambuf &data) {
1611                         NullBuffer save;
1612                         code(data, save);
1613                     })), "open(): %s", access.c_str());
1614                 }));
1615             } break;
1616
1617             default:
1618                 _assert_(false, "fts_info=%u", info);
1619         }
1620     }
1621 }
1622
1623 SubFolder::SubFolder(Folder *parent, const std::string &path) :
1624     parent_(parent),
1625     path_(path)
1626 {
1627 }
1628
1629 void SubFolder::Save(const std::string &path, const Functor<void (std::streambuf &)> &code) {
1630     return parent_->Save(path_ + path, code);
1631 }
1632
1633 bool SubFolder::Open(const std::string &path, const Functor<void (std::streambuf &)> &code) {
1634     return parent_->Open(path_ + path, code);
1635 }
1636
1637 void SubFolder::Find(const std::string &path, const Functor<void (const std::string &, const Functor<void (const Functor<void (std::streambuf &, std::streambuf &)> &)> &)> &code) {
1638     return parent_->Find(path_ + path, code);
1639 }
1640
1641 static size_t copy(std::streambuf &source, std::streambuf &target) {
1642     size_t total(0);
1643     for (;;) {
1644         char data[4096];
1645         size_t writ(source.sgetn(data, sizeof(data)));
1646         if (writ == 0)
1647             break;
1648         _assert(target.sputn(data, writ) == writ);
1649         total += writ;
1650     }
1651     return total;
1652 }
1653
1654 static PList::Structure *plist(const std::string &data) {
1655     if (!Starts(data, "bplist00"))
1656         return PList::Structure::FromXml(data);
1657     std::vector<char> bytes(data.data(), data.data() + data.size());
1658     return PList::Structure::FromBin(bytes);
1659 }
1660
1661 static void plist_d(std::streambuf &buffer, const Functor<void (PList::Dictionary *)> &code) {
1662     std::stringbuf data;
1663     copy(buffer, data);
1664     PList::Structure *structure(plist(data.str()));
1665     _scope({ delete structure; });
1666     auto dictionary(dynamic_cast<PList::Dictionary *>(structure));
1667     _assert(dictionary != NULL);
1668     code(dictionary);
1669 }
1670
1671 static std::string plist_s(PList::Node *node) {
1672     auto value(dynamic_cast<PList::String *>(node));
1673     _assert(value != NULL);
1674     return value->GetValue();
1675 }
1676
1677 enum Mode {
1678     NoMode,
1679     OptionalMode,
1680     OmitMode,
1681     NestedMode,
1682     TopMode,
1683 };
1684
1685 class Expression {
1686   private:
1687     regex_t regex_;
1688
1689   public:
1690     Expression(const std::string &code) {
1691         _assert_(regcomp(&regex_, code.c_str(), REG_EXTENDED | REG_NOSUB) == 0, "regcomp()");
1692     }
1693
1694     ~Expression() {
1695         regfree(&regex_);
1696     }
1697
1698     bool operator ()(const std::string &data) const {
1699         auto value(regexec(&regex_, data.c_str(), 0, NULL, 0));
1700         if (value == REG_NOMATCH)
1701             return false;
1702         _assert_(value == 0, "regexec()");
1703         return true;
1704     }
1705 };
1706
1707 struct Rule {
1708     unsigned weight_;
1709     Mode mode_;
1710     std::string code_;
1711
1712     mutable std::auto_ptr<Expression> regex_;
1713
1714     Rule(unsigned weight, Mode mode, const std::string &code) :
1715         weight_(weight),
1716         mode_(mode),
1717         code_(code)
1718     {
1719     }
1720
1721     Rule(const Rule &rhs) :
1722         weight_(rhs.weight_),
1723         mode_(rhs.mode_),
1724         code_(rhs.code_)
1725     {
1726     }
1727
1728     void Compile() const {
1729         regex_.reset(new Expression(code_));
1730     }
1731
1732     bool operator ()(const std::string &data) const {
1733         _assert(regex_.get() != NULL);
1734         return (*regex_)(data);
1735     }
1736
1737     bool operator <(const Rule &rhs) const {
1738         if (weight_ > rhs.weight_)
1739             return true;
1740         if (weight_ < rhs.weight_)
1741             return false;
1742         return mode_ > rhs.mode_;
1743     }
1744 };
1745
1746 struct RuleCode {
1747     bool operator ()(const Rule *lhs, const Rule *rhs) const {
1748         return lhs->code_ < rhs->code_;
1749     }
1750 };
1751
1752 std::string Bundle(const std::string &root, Folder &folder, const std::string &key, std::map<std::string, std::vector<char>> &remote) {
1753     std::string executable;
1754     std::string identifier;
1755
1756     static const std::string info("Info.plist");
1757
1758     _assert_(folder.Open(info, fun([&](std::streambuf &buffer) {
1759         plist_d(buffer, fun([&](PList::Dictionary *dictionary) {
1760             executable = plist_s(((*dictionary)["CFBundleExecutable"]));
1761             identifier = plist_s(((*dictionary)["CFBundleIdentifier"]));
1762         }));
1763     })), "open(): Info.plist");
1764
1765     std::map<std::string, std::multiset<Rule>> versions;
1766
1767     auto &rules1(versions[""]);
1768     auto &rules2(versions["2"]);
1769
1770     static const std::string signature("_CodeSignature/CodeResources");
1771
1772     folder.Open(signature, fun([&](std::streambuf &buffer) {
1773         plist_d(buffer, fun([&](PList::Dictionary *dictionary) {
1774             // XXX: maybe attempt to preserve existing rules
1775         }));
1776     }));
1777
1778     if (true) {
1779         rules1.insert(Rule{1, NoMode, "^"});
1780         rules1.insert(Rule{10000, OmitMode, "^(Frameworks/[^/]+\\.framework/|PlugIns/[^/]+\\.appex/|PlugIns/[^/]+\\.appex/Frameworks/[^/]+\\.framework/|())SC_Info/[^/]+\\.(sinf|supf|supp)$"});
1781         rules1.insert(Rule{1000, OptionalMode, "^.*\\.lproj/"});
1782         rules1.insert(Rule{1100, OmitMode, "^.*\\.lproj/locversion.plist$"});
1783         rules1.insert(Rule{10000, OmitMode, "^Watch/[^/]+\\.app/(Frameworks/[^/]+\\.framework/|PlugIns/[^/]+\\.appex/|PlugIns/[^/]+\\.appex/Frameworks/[^/]+\\.framework/)SC_Info/[^/]+\\.(sinf|supf|supp)$"});
1784         rules1.insert(Rule{1, NoMode, "^version.plist$"});
1785     }
1786
1787     if (true) {
1788         rules2.insert(Rule{11, NoMode, ".*\\.dSYM($|/)"});
1789         rules2.insert(Rule{20, NoMode, "^"});
1790         rules2.insert(Rule{2000, OmitMode, "^(.*/)?\\.DS_Store$"});
1791         rules2.insert(Rule{10000, OmitMode, "^(Frameworks/[^/]+\\.framework/|PlugIns/[^/]+\\.appex/|PlugIns/[^/]+\\.appex/Frameworks/[^/]+\\.framework/|())SC_Info/[^/]+\\.(sinf|supf|supp)$"});
1792         rules2.insert(Rule{10, NestedMode, "^(Frameworks|SharedFrameworks|PlugIns|Plug-ins|XPCServices|Helpers|MacOS|Library/(Automator|Spotlight|LoginItems))/"});
1793         rules2.insert(Rule{1, NoMode, "^.*"});
1794         rules2.insert(Rule{1000, OptionalMode, "^.*\\.lproj/"});
1795         rules2.insert(Rule{1100, OmitMode, "^.*\\.lproj/locversion.plist$"});
1796         rules2.insert(Rule{20, OmitMode, "^Info\\.plist$"});
1797         rules2.insert(Rule{20, OmitMode, "^PkgInfo$"});
1798         rules2.insert(Rule{10000, OmitMode, "^Watch/[^/]+\\.app/(Frameworks/[^/]+\\.framework/|PlugIns/[^/]+\\.appex/|PlugIns/[^/]+\\.appex/Frameworks/[^/]+\\.framework/)SC_Info/[^/]+\\.(sinf|supf|supp)$"});
1799         rules2.insert(Rule{10, NestedMode, "^[^/]+$"});
1800         rules2.insert(Rule{20, NoMode, "^embedded\\.provisionprofile$"});
1801         rules2.insert(Rule{20, NoMode, "^version\\.plist$"});
1802     }
1803
1804     std::map<std::string, std::vector<char>> local;
1805
1806     static Expression nested("^PlugIns/[^/]*\\.appex/Info\\.plist$");
1807
1808     folder.Find("", fun([&](const std::string &name, const Functor<void (const Functor<void (std::streambuf &, std::streambuf &)> &)> &code) {
1809         if (!nested(name))
1810             return;
1811         auto bundle(root + Split(name).dir);
1812         SubFolder subfolder(&folder, bundle);
1813         Bundle(bundle, subfolder, key, local);
1814     }));
1815
1816     folder.Find("", fun([&](const std::string &name, const Functor<void (const Functor<void (std::streambuf &, std::streambuf &)> &)> &code) {
1817         if (name == executable || name == signature)
1818             return;
1819
1820         auto &hash(local[name]);
1821         if (!hash.empty())
1822             return;
1823
1824         code(fun([&](std::streambuf &data, std::streambuf &save) {
1825             HashProxy proxy(hash, save);
1826             copy(data, proxy);
1827         }));
1828
1829         _assert(hash.size() == SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH);
1830     }));
1831
1832     PList::Dictionary plist;
1833
1834     for (const auto &version : versions) {
1835         PList::Dictionary files;
1836
1837         for (const auto &rule : version.second)
1838             rule.Compile();
1839
1840         for (const auto &hash : local)
1841             for (const auto &rule : version.second)
1842                 if (rule(hash.first)) {
1843                     if (rule.mode_ == NoMode)
1844                         files.Set(hash.first, PList::Data(hash.second));
1845                     else if (rule.mode_ == OptionalMode) {
1846                         PList::Dictionary entry;
1847                         entry.Set("hash", PList::Data(hash.second));
1848                         entry.Set("optional", PList::Boolean(true));
1849                         files.Set(hash.first, entry);
1850                     }
1851
1852                     break;
1853                 }
1854
1855         plist.Set("files" + version.first, files);
1856     }
1857
1858     for (const auto &version : versions) {
1859         PList::Dictionary rules;
1860
1861         std::multiset<const Rule *, RuleCode> ordered;
1862         for (const auto &rule : version.second)
1863             ordered.insert(&rule);
1864
1865         for (const auto &rule : ordered)
1866             if (rule->weight_ == 1 && rule->mode_ == NoMode)
1867                 rules.Set(rule->code_, PList::Boolean(true));
1868             else {
1869                 PList::Dictionary entry;
1870
1871                 switch (rule->mode_) {
1872                     case NoMode:
1873                         break;
1874                     case OmitMode:
1875                         entry.Set("omit", PList::Boolean(true));
1876                         break;
1877                     case OptionalMode:
1878                         entry.Set("optional", PList::Boolean(true));
1879                         break;
1880                     case NestedMode:
1881                         entry.Set("nested", PList::Boolean(true));
1882                         break;
1883                     case TopMode:
1884                         entry.Set("top", PList::Boolean(true));
1885                         break;
1886                 }
1887
1888                 if (rule->weight_ >= 10000)
1889                     entry.Set("weight", PList::Integer(rule->weight_));
1890                 else if (rule->weight_ != 1)
1891                     entry.Set("weight", PList::Real(rule->weight_));
1892
1893                 rules.Set(rule->code_, entry);
1894             }
1895
1896         plist.Set("rules" + version.first, rules);
1897     }
1898
1899     folder.Save(signature, fun([&](std::streambuf &save) {
1900         HashProxy proxy(local[signature], save);
1901         auto xml(plist.ToXml());
1902         put(proxy, xml.data(), xml.size());
1903     }));
1904
1905     folder.Open(executable, fun([&](std::streambuf &buffer) {
1906         // XXX: this is a miserable fail
1907         std::stringbuf temp;
1908         copy(buffer, temp);
1909         auto data(temp.str());
1910
1911         folder.Save(executable, fun([&](std::streambuf &save) {
1912             Slots slots;
1913             slots[1] = local.at(info);
1914             slots[3] = local.at(signature);
1915
1916             HashProxy proxy(local[executable], save);
1917             Sign(data.data(), data.size(), proxy, identifier, "", key, slots);
1918         }));
1919     }));
1920
1921     for (const auto &hash : local)
1922         remote[root + hash.first] = hash.second;
1923
1924     return executable;
1925 }
1926
1927 }
1928
1929 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1930     OpenSSL_add_all_algorithms();
1931
1932     union {
1933         uint16_t word;
1934         uint8_t byte[2];
1935     } endian = {1};
1936
1937     little_ = endian.byte[0];
1938
1939     bool flag_r(false);
1940     bool flag_e(false);
1941
1942     bool flag_T(false);
1943
1944     bool flag_S(false);
1945     bool flag_s(false);
1946
1947     bool flag_D(false);
1948
1949     bool flag_A(false);
1950     bool flag_a(false);
1951
1952     uint32_t flag_CPUType(_not(uint32_t));
1953     uint32_t flag_CPUSubtype(_not(uint32_t));
1954
1955     const char *flag_I(NULL);
1956
1957     bool timeh(false);
1958     uint32_t timev(0);
1959
1960     Map entitlements;
1961     Map key;
1962     ldid::Slots slots;
1963
1964     std::vector<std::string> files;
1965
1966     if (argc == 1) {
1967         fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s -S[entitlements.xml] <binary>\n", argv[0]);
1968         fprintf(stderr, "   %s -e MobileSafari\n", argv[0]);
1969         fprintf(stderr, "   %s -S cat\n", argv[0]);
1970         fprintf(stderr, "   %s -Stfp.xml gdb\n", argv[0]);
1971         exit(0);
1972     }
1973
1974     for (int argi(1); argi != argc; ++argi)
1975         if (argv[argi][0] != '-')
1976             files.push_back(argv[argi]);
1977         else switch (argv[argi][1]) {
1978             case 'r':
1979                 _assert(!flag_s);
1980                 _assert(!flag_S);
1981                 flag_r = true;
1982             break;
1983
1984             case 'e': flag_e = true; break;
1985
1986             case 'E': {
1987                 const char *slot = argv[argi] + 2;
1988                 const char *colon = strchr(slot, ':');
1989                 _assert(colon != NULL);
1990                 Map file(colon + 1, O_RDONLY, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE);
1991                 char *arge;
1992                 unsigned number(strtoul(slot, &arge, 0));
1993                 _assert(arge == colon);
1994                 std::vector<char> &hash(slots[number]);
1995                 hash.resize(SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH);
1996                 sha1(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t *>(hash.data()), file.data(), file.size());
1997             } break;
1998
1999             case 'D': flag_D = true; break;
2000
2001             case 'a': flag_a = true; break;
2002
2003             case 'A':
2004                 _assert(!flag_A);
2005                 flag_A = true;
2006                 if (argv[argi][2] != '\0') {
2007                     const char *cpu = argv[argi] + 2;
2008                     const char *colon = strchr(cpu, ':');
2009                     _assert(colon != NULL);
2010                     char *arge;
2011                     flag_CPUType = strtoul(cpu, &arge, 0);
2012                     _assert(arge == colon);
2013                     flag_CPUSubtype = strtoul(colon + 1, &arge, 0);
2014                     _assert(arge == argv[argi] + strlen(argv[argi]));
2015                 }
2016             break;
2017
2018             case 's':
2019                 _assert(!flag_r);
2020                 _assert(!flag_S);
2021                 flag_s = true;
2022             break;
2023
2024             case 'S':
2025                 _assert(!flag_r);
2026                 _assert(!flag_s);
2027                 flag_S = true;
2028                 if (argv[argi][2] != '\0') {
2029                     const char *xml = argv[argi] + 2;
2030                     entitlements.open(xml, O_RDONLY, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE);
2031                 }
2032             break;
2033
2034             case 'K':
2035                 key.open(argv[argi] + 2, O_RDONLY, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE);
2036             break;
2037
2038             case 'T': {
2039                 flag_T = true;
2040                 if (argv[argi][2] == '-')
2041                     timeh = true;
2042                 else {
2043                     char *arge;
2044                     timev = strtoul(argv[argi] + 2, &arge, 0);
2045                     _assert(arge == argv[argi] + strlen(argv[argi]));
2046                 }
2047             } break;
2048
2049             case 'I': {
2050                 flag_I = argv[argi] + 2;
2051             } break;
2052
2053             default:
2054                 goto usage;
2055             break;
2056         }
2057
2058     _assert(flag_S || key.empty());
2059     _assert(flag_S || flag_I == NULL);
2060
2061     if (files.empty()) usage: {
2062         exit(0);
2063     }
2064
2065     size_t filei(0), filee(0);
2066     _foreach (file, files) try {
2067         std::string path(file);
2068
2069         struct stat info;
2070         _syscall(stat(path.c_str(), &info));
2071
2072         if (S_ISDIR(info.st_mode)) {
2073             _assert(!flag_r);
2074             ldid::DiskFolder folder(path);
2075             std::map<std::string, std::vector<char>> hashes;
2076             path += "/" + Bundle("", folder, key, hashes);
2077         } else if (flag_S || flag_r) {
2078             Map input(path, O_RDONLY, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE);
2079
2080             std::filebuf output;
2081             Split split(path);
2082             auto temp(Temporary(output, split));
2083
2084             if (flag_r)
2085                 ldid::Unsign(input.data(), input.size(), output);
2086             else {
2087                 std::string identifier(flag_I ?: split.base.c_str());
2088                 ldid::Sign(input.data(), input.size(), output, identifier, entitlements, key, slots);
2089             }
2090
2091             Commit(path, temp);
2092         }
2093
2094         Map mapping(path, flag_T || flag_s);
2095         FatHeader fat_header(mapping.data(), mapping.size());
2096
2097         _foreach (mach_header, fat_header.GetMachHeaders()) {
2098             struct linkedit_data_command *signature(NULL);
2099             struct encryption_info_command *encryption(NULL);
2100
2101             if (flag_A) {
2102                 if (mach_header.GetCPUType() != flag_CPUType)
2103                     continue;
2104                 if (mach_header.GetCPUSubtype() != flag_CPUSubtype)
2105                     continue;
2106             }
2107
2108             if (flag_a)
2109                 printf("cpu=0x%x:0x%x\n", mach_header.GetCPUType(), mach_header.GetCPUSubtype());
2110
2111             _foreach (load_command, mach_header.GetLoadCommands()) {
2112                 uint32_t cmd(mach_header.Swap(load_command->cmd));
2113
2114                 if (false);
2115                 else if (cmd == LC_CODE_SIGNATURE)
2116                     signature = reinterpret_cast<struct linkedit_data_command *>(load_command);
2117                 else if (cmd == LC_ENCRYPTION_INFO || cmd == LC_ENCRYPTION_INFO_64)
2118                     encryption = reinterpret_cast<struct encryption_info_command *>(load_command);
2119                 else if (cmd == LC_ID_DYLIB) {
2120                     volatile struct dylib_command *dylib_command(reinterpret_cast<struct dylib_command *>(load_command));
2121
2122                     if (flag_T) {
2123                         uint32_t timed;
2124
2125                         if (!timeh)
2126                             timed = timev;
2127                         else {
2128                             dylib_command->dylib.timestamp = 0;
2129                             timed = hash(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t *>(mach_header.GetBase()), mach_header.GetSize(), timev);
2130                         }
2131
2132                         dylib_command->dylib.timestamp = mach_header.Swap(timed);
2133                     }
2134                 }
2135             }
2136
2137             if (flag_D) {
2138                 _assert(encryption != NULL);
2139                 encryption->cryptid = mach_header.Swap(0);
2140             }
2141
2142             if (flag_e) {
2143                 _assert(signature != NULL);
2144
2145                 uint32_t data = mach_header.Swap(signature->dataoff);
2146
2147                 uint8_t *top = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t *>(mach_header.GetBase());
2148                 uint8_t *blob = top + data;
2149                 struct SuperBlob *super = reinterpret_cast<struct SuperBlob *>(blob);
2150
2151                 for (size_t index(0); index != Swap(super->count); ++index)
2152                     if (Swap(super->index[index].type) == CSSLOT_ENTITLEMENTS) {
2153                         uint32_t begin = Swap(super->index[index].offset);
2154                         struct Blob *entitlements = reinterpret_cast<struct Blob *>(blob + begin);
2155                         fwrite(entitlements + 1, 1, Swap(entitlements->length) - sizeof(*entitlements), stdout);
2156                     }
2157             }
2158
2159             if (flag_s) {
2160                 _assert(signature != NULL);
2161
2162                 uint32_t data = mach_header.Swap(signature->dataoff);
2163
2164                 uint8_t *top = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t *>(mach_header.GetBase());
2165                 uint8_t *blob = top + data;
2166                 struct SuperBlob *super = reinterpret_cast<struct SuperBlob *>(blob);
2167
2168                 for (size_t index(0); index != Swap(super->count); ++index)
2169                     if (Swap(super->index[index].type) == CSSLOT_CODEDIRECTORY) {
2170                         uint32_t begin = Swap(super->index[index].offset);
2171                         struct CodeDirectory *directory = reinterpret_cast<struct CodeDirectory *>(blob + begin);
2172
2173                         uint8_t (*hashes)[SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH] = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t (*)[SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH]>(blob + begin + Swap(directory->hashOffset));
2174                         uint32_t pages = Swap(directory->nCodeSlots);
2175
2176                         if (pages != 1)
2177                             for (size_t i = 0; i != pages - 1; ++i)
2178                                 sha1(hashes[i], top + PageSize_ * i, PageSize_);
2179                         if (pages != 0)
2180                             sha1(hashes[pages - 1], top + PageSize_ * (pages - 1), ((data - 1) % PageSize_) + 1);
2181                     }
2182             }
2183         }
2184
2185         ++filei;
2186     } catch (const char *) {
2187         ++filee;
2188         ++filei;
2189     }
2190
2191     return filee;
2192 }