Instead of using make_symbol<TOK_FOO>, generate make_FOO for each token type.

[bison.git] / src / LR0.c

diff --git a/src/LR0.c b/src/LR0.c
index 401c11c0e07de99376105af0eee97c88a3cc58e0..efda69fb35af83cc3e8fc8a0d9c1546a559d47ec 100644 (file)
--- a/src/LR0.c
+++ b/src/LR0.c
@@ -1,117 +1,123 @@
-/* Generate the nondeterministic finite state machine for bison,
-   Copyright (C) 1984, 1986, 1989 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+/* Generate the nondeterministic finite state machine for Bison.

 
 

-This file is part of Bison, the GNU Compiler Compiler.
+   Copyright (C) 1984, 1986, 1989, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007
+   Free Software Foundation, Inc.

 
 

-Bison is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
-it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
-any later version.
+   This file is part of Bison, the GNU Compiler Compiler.

 
 

-Bison is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-GNU General Public License for more details.
+   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+   (at your option) any later version.

 
 

-You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-along with Bison; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to
-the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
-Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.  */
+   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+   GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */

 
 
 /* See comments in state.h for the data structures that represent it.
    The entry point is generate_states.  */
 
 
 
 /* See comments in state.h for the data structures that represent it.
    The entry point is generate_states.  */
 

+#include <config.h>

 #include "system.h"
 #include "system.h"

-#include "alloc.h"
+
+#include <bitset.h>
+#include <quotearg.h>
+
+#include "LR0.h"
+#include "closure.h"
+#include "complain.h"
+#include "getargs.h"
+#include "gram.h"

 #include "gram.h"
 #include "gram.h"

+#include "lalr.h"
+#include "reader.h"
+#include "reduce.h"

 #include "state.h"
 #include "state.h"

-#include "complain.h"
+#include "symtab.h"

 
 

+typedef struct state_list
+{
+  struct state_list *next;
+  state *state;
+} state_list;

 
 

-extern char *nullable;
-extern short *itemset;
-extern short *itemsetend;
-
-
-int nstates;
-int final_state;
-core *first_state;
-shifts *first_shift;
-reductions *first_reduction;
-
-extern void generate_states PARAMS((void));
-
-static int get_state PARAMS((int));
-static core *new_state PARAMS((int));
-static void allocate_itemsets PARAMS((void));
-static void allocate_storage PARAMS((void));
-static void free_storage PARAMS((void));
-static void new_itemsets PARAMS((void));
-static void append_states PARAMS((void));
-static void initialize_states PARAMS((void));
-static void save_shifts PARAMS((void));
-static void save_reductions PARAMS((void));
-static void augment_automaton PARAMS((void));
-static void insert_start_shift PARAMS((void));
-extern void initialize_closure PARAMS((int));
-extern void closure PARAMS((short *, int));
-extern void finalize_closure PARAMS((void));
-
-static core *this_state;
-static core *last_state;
-static shifts *last_shift;
-static reductions *last_reduction;
+static state_list *first_state = NULL;
+static state_list *last_state = NULL;

 
 

-static int nshifts;
-static short *shift_symbol;

 
 

-static short *redset;
-static short *shiftset;
+/*------------------------------------------------------------------.
+| A state was just discovered from another state.  Queue it for     |
+| later examination, in order to find its transitions.  Return it.  |
+`------------------------------------------------------------------*/

 
 

-static short **kernel_base;
-static short **kernel_end;
-static short *kernel_items;
+static state *
+state_list_append (symbol_number sym, size_t core_size, item_number *core)
+{
+  state_list *node = xmalloc (sizeof *node);
+  state *s = state_new (sym, core_size, core);

 
 

-/* hash table for states, to recognize equivalent ones.  */
+  if (trace_flag & trace_automaton)
+    fprintf (stderr, "state_list_append (state = %d, symbol = %d (%s))\n",
+            nstates, sym, symbols[sym]->tag);

 
 

-#define        STATE_TABLE_SIZE        1009
-static core **state_table;
+  node->next = NULL;
+  node->state = s;

 
 

+  if (!first_state)
+    first_state = node;
+  if (last_state)
+    last_state->next = node;
+  last_state = node;

 
 

+  return s;
+}

 
 

-static void
-allocate_itemsets (void)
-{
-  register short *itemp;
-  register int symbol;
-  register int i;
-  register int count;
-  register short *symbol_count;
+static int nshifts;
+static symbol_number *shift_symbol;

 
 

-  count = 0;
-  symbol_count = NEW2(nsyms, short);
+static rule **redset;
+static state **shiftset;

 
 

-  itemp = ritem;
-  symbol = *itemp++;
-  while (symbol)
-    {
-      if (symbol > 0)
-       {
-         count++;
-         symbol_count[symbol]++;
-       }
-      symbol = *itemp++;
-    }
+static item_number **kernel_base;
+static int *kernel_size;
+static item_number *kernel_items;

 
 

-  /* see comments before new_itemsets.  All the vectors of items
-     live inside kernel_items.  The number of active items after
-     some symbol cannot be more than the number of times that symbol
-     appears as an item, which is symbol_count[symbol].
+\f
+static void
+allocate_itemsets (void)
+{
+  symbol_number i;
+  rule_number r;
+  item_number *rhsp;
+
+  /* Count the number of occurrences of all the symbols in RITEMS.
+     Note that useless productions (hence useless nonterminals) are
+     browsed too, hence we need to allocate room for _all_ the
+     symbols.  */
+  size_t count = 0;
+  size_t *symbol_count = xcalloc (nsyms + nuseless_nonterminals,
+                                 sizeof *symbol_count);
+
+  for (r = 0; r < nrules; ++r)
+    for (rhsp = rules[r].rhs; *rhsp >= 0; ++rhsp)
+      {
+       count++;
+       symbol_count[*rhsp]++;
+      }
+
+  /* See comments before new_itemsets.  All the vectors of items
+     live inside KERNEL_ITEMS.  The number of active items after
+     some symbol S cannot be more than the number of times that S
+     appears as an item, which is SYMBOL_COUNT[S].

      We allocate that much space for each symbol.  */
 
      We allocate that much space for each symbol.  */
 

-  kernel_base = NEW2(nsyms, short *);
-  kernel_items = NEW2(count, short);
+  kernel_base = xnmalloc (nsyms, sizeof *kernel_base);
+  kernel_items = xnmalloc (count, sizeof *kernel_items);

 
   count = 0;
   for (i = 0; i < nsyms; i++)
 
   count = 0;
   for (i = 0; i < nsyms; i++)


@@ -120,586 +126,252 @@ allocate_itemsets (void)
       count += symbol_count[i];
     }
 
       count += symbol_count[i];
     }
 

-  shift_symbol = symbol_count;
-  kernel_end = NEW2(nsyms, short *);
+  free (symbol_count);
+  kernel_size = xnmalloc (nsyms, sizeof *kernel_size);

 }
 
 
 static void
 allocate_storage (void)
 {
 }
 
 
 static void
 allocate_storage (void)
 {

-  allocate_itemsets();
+  allocate_itemsets ();

 
 

-  shiftset = NEW2(nsyms, short);
-  redset = NEW2(nrules + 1, short);
-  state_table = NEW2(STATE_TABLE_SIZE, core *);
+  shiftset = xnmalloc (nsyms, sizeof *shiftset);
+  redset = xnmalloc (nrules, sizeof *redset);
+  state_hash_new ();
+  shift_symbol = xnmalloc (nsyms, sizeof *shift_symbol);

 }
 
 
 static void
 free_storage (void)
 {
 }
 
 
 static void
 free_storage (void)
 {

-  FREE(shift_symbol);
-  FREE(redset);
-  FREE(shiftset);
-  FREE(kernel_base);
-  FREE(kernel_end);
-  FREE(kernel_items);
-  FREE(state_table);
+  free (shift_symbol);
+  free (redset);
+  free (shiftset);
+  free (kernel_base);
+  free (kernel_size);
+  free (kernel_items);
+  state_hash_free ();

 }
 
 
 
 }
 
 
 

-/* compute the nondeterministic finite state machine (see state.h for details)
-from the grammar.  */
-void
-generate_states (void)
-{
-  allocate_storage();
-  initialize_closure(nitems);
-  initialize_states();

 
 

-  while (this_state)
-    {
-      /* Set up ruleset and itemset for the transitions out of this state.
-         ruleset gets a 1 bit for each rule that could reduce now.
-        itemset gets a vector of all the items that could be accepted next.  */
-      closure(this_state->items, this_state->nitems);
-      /* record the reductions allowed out of this state */
-      save_reductions();
-      /* find the itemsets of the states that shifts can reach */
-      new_itemsets();
-      /* find or create the core structures for those states */
-      append_states();
-
-      /* create the shifts structures for the shifts to those states,
-         now that the state numbers transitioning to are known */
-      if (nshifts > 0)
-        save_shifts();
-
-      /* states are queued when they are created; process them all */
-      this_state = this_state->next;
-    }
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------.
+| Find which symbols can be shifted in S, and for each one       |
+| record which items would be active after that shift.  Uses the |
+| contents of itemset.                                           |
+|                                                                |
+| shift_symbol is set to a vector of the symbols that can be     |
+| shifted.  For each symbol in the grammar, kernel_base[symbol]  |
+| points to a vector of item numbers activated if that symbol is |
+| shifted, and kernel_size[symbol] is their numbers.             |
+|                                                                |
+| itemset is sorted on item index in ritem, which is sorted on   |
+| rule number.  Compute each kernel_base[symbol] with the same   |
+| sort.                                                          |
+`---------------------------------------------------------------*/

 
 

-  /* discard various storage */
-  finalize_closure();
-  free_storage();
-
-  /* set up initial and final states as parser wants them */
-  augment_automaton();
-}
+static void
+new_itemsets (state *s)
+{
+  size_t i;

 
 

+  if (trace_flag & trace_automaton)
+    fprintf (stderr, "Entering new_itemsets, state = %d\n", s->number);

 
 

+  memset (kernel_size, 0, nsyms * sizeof *kernel_size);

 
 

-/* Find which symbols can be shifted in the current state,
-   and for each one record which items would be active after that shift.
-   Uses the contents of itemset.
-   shift_symbol is set to a vector of the symbols that can be shifted.
-   For each symbol in the grammar, kernel_base[symbol] points to
-   a vector of item numbers activated if that symbol is shifted,
-   and kernel_end[symbol] points after the end of that vector.  */
-static void
-new_itemsets (void)
-{
-  register int i;
-  register int shiftcount;
-  register short *isp;
-  register short *ksp;
-  register int symbol;
+  nshifts = 0;

 
 

-#ifdef TRACE
-  fprintf(stderr, "Entering new_itemsets\n");
-#endif
+  for (i = 0; i < nitemset; ++i)
+    if (item_number_is_symbol_number (ritem[itemset[i]]))
+      {
+       symbol_number sym = item_number_as_symbol_number (ritem[itemset[i]]);
+       if (!kernel_size[sym])
+         {
+           shift_symbol[nshifts] = sym;
+           nshifts++;
+         }

 
 

-  for (i = 0; i < nsyms; i++)
-    kernel_end[i] = NULL;
+       kernel_base[sym][kernel_size[sym]] = itemset[i] + 1;
+       kernel_size[sym]++;
+      }
+}

 
 

-  shiftcount = 0;

 
 

-  isp = itemset;

 
 

-  while (isp < itemsetend)
-    {
-      i = *isp++;
-      symbol = ritem[i];
-      if (symbol > 0)
-       {
-          ksp = kernel_end[symbol];
+/*--------------------------------------------------------------.
+| Find the state we would get to (from the current state) by    |
+| shifting SYM.  Create a new state if no equivalent one exists |
+| already.  Used by append_states.                              |
+`--------------------------------------------------------------*/

 
 

-          if (!ksp)
-           {
-             shift_symbol[shiftcount++] = symbol;
-             ksp = kernel_base[symbol];
-           }
+static state *
+get_state (symbol_number sym, size_t core_size, item_number *core)
+{
+  state *s;

 
 

-          *ksp++ = i + 1;
-          kernel_end[symbol] = ksp;
-       }
-    }
+  if (trace_flag & trace_automaton)
+    fprintf (stderr, "Entering get_state, symbol = %d (%s)\n",
+            sym, symbols[sym]->tag);

 
 

-  nshifts = shiftcount;
-}
+  s = state_hash_lookup (core_size, core);
+  if (!s)
+    s = state_list_append (sym, core_size, core);

 
 

+  if (trace_flag & trace_automaton)
+    fprintf (stderr, "Exiting get_state => %d\n", s->number);

 
 

+  return s;
+}

 
 

-/* Use the information computed by new_itemsets to find the state numbers
-   reached by each shift transition from the current state.
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------.
+| Use the information computed by new_itemsets to find the state |
+| numbers reached by each shift transition from S.              |
+|                                                                |
+| SHIFTSET is set up as a vector of those states.                |
+`---------------------------------------------------------------*/

 
 

-   shiftset is set up as a vector of state numbers of those states.  */

 static void
 static void

-append_states (void)
+append_states (state *s)

 {
 {

-  register int i;
-  register int j;
-  register int symbol;
+  int i;

 
 

-#ifdef TRACE
-  fprintf(stderr, "Entering append_states\n");
-#endif
+  if (trace_flag & trace_automaton)
+    fprintf (stderr, "Entering append_states, state = %d\n", s->number);

 
 

-  /* first sort shift_symbol into increasing order */
+  /* First sort shift_symbol into increasing order.  */

 
   for (i = 1; i < nshifts; i++)
     {
 
   for (i = 1; i < nshifts; i++)
     {

-      symbol = shift_symbol[i];
-      j = i;
-      while (j > 0 && shift_symbol[j - 1] > symbol)
-       {
-         shift_symbol[j] = shift_symbol[j - 1];
-         j--;
-       }
-      shift_symbol[j] = symbol;
+      symbol_number sym = shift_symbol[i];
+      int j;
+      for (j = i; 0 < j && sym < shift_symbol[j - 1]; j--)
+       shift_symbol[j] = shift_symbol[j - 1];
+      shift_symbol[j] = sym;

     }
 
   for (i = 0; i < nshifts; i++)
     {
     }
 
   for (i = 0; i < nshifts; i++)
     {

-      symbol = shift_symbol[i];
-      shiftset[i] = get_state(symbol);
+      symbol_number sym = shift_symbol[i];
+      shiftset[i] = get_state (sym, kernel_size[sym], kernel_base[sym]);

     }
 }
 
 
     }
 }
 
 

+/*----------------------------------------------------------------.
+| Find which rules can be used for reduction transitions from the |
+| current state and make a reductions structure for the state to  |
+| record their rule numbers.                                      |
+`----------------------------------------------------------------*/

 
 

-/* find the state number for the state we would get to
-(from the current state) by shifting symbol.
-Create a new state if no equivalent one exists already.
-Used by append_states  */
-
-static int
-get_state (int symbol)
+static void
+save_reductions (state *s)

 {
 {

-  register int key;
-  register short *isp1;
-  register short *isp2;
-  register short *iend;
-  register core *sp;
-  register int found;
-
-  int n;
-
-#ifdef TRACE
-  fprintf(stderr, "Entering get_state, symbol = %d\n", symbol);
-#endif
-
-  isp1 = kernel_base[symbol];
-  iend = kernel_end[symbol];
-  n = iend - isp1;
+  int count = 0;
+  size_t i;

 
 

-  /* add up the target state's active item numbers to get a hash key */
-  key = 0;
-  while (isp1 < iend)
-    key += *isp1++;
-
-  key = key % STATE_TABLE_SIZE;
-
-  sp = state_table[key];
-
-  if (sp)
+  /* Find and count the active items that represent ends of rules. */
+  for (i = 0; i < nitemset; ++i)

     {
     {

-      found = 0;
-      while (!found)
+      item_number item = ritem[itemset[i]];
+      if (item_number_is_rule_number (item))

        {
        {

-         if (sp->nitems == n)
+         rule_number r = item_number_as_rule_number (item);
+         redset[count++] = &rules[r];
+         if (r == 0)

            {
            {

-             found = 1;
-             isp1 = kernel_base[symbol];
-             isp2 = sp->items;
-
-             while (found && isp1 < iend)
-               {
-                 if (*isp1++ != *isp2++)
-                   found = 0;
-               }
-           }
-
-         if (!found)
-           {
-             if (sp->link)
-               {
-                 sp = sp->link;
-               }
-             else   /* bucket exhausted and no match */
-               {
-                 sp = sp->link = new_state(symbol);
-                 found = 1;
-               }
+             /* This is "reduce 0", i.e., accept. */
+             aver (!final_state);
+             final_state = s;

            }
        }
     }
            }
        }
     }

-  else      /* bucket is empty */
-    {
-      state_table[key] = sp = new_state(symbol);
-    }
-
-  return sp->number;
-}
-
-
-
-/* subroutine of get_state.  create a new state for those items, if necessary.  */
-
-static core *
-new_state (int symbol)
-{
-  register int n;
-  register core *p;
-  register short *isp1;
-  register short *isp2;
-  register short *iend;
-
-#ifdef TRACE
-  fprintf(stderr, "Entering new_state, symbol = %d\n", symbol);
-#endif
-
-  if (nstates >= MAXSHORT)
-    fatal (_("too many states (max %d)"), MAXSHORT);

 
 

-  isp1 = kernel_base[symbol];
-  iend = kernel_end[symbol];
-  n = iend - isp1;
-
-  p = (core *) xmalloc((unsigned) (sizeof(core) + (n - 1) * sizeof(short)));
-  p->accessing_symbol = symbol;
-  p->number = nstates;
-  p->nitems = n;
-
-  isp2 = p->items;
-  while (isp1 < iend)
-    *isp2++ = *isp1++;
-
-  last_state->next = p;
-  last_state = p;
-
-  nstates++;
-
-  return p;
-}
-
-
-static void
-initialize_states (void)
-{
-  register core *p;
-/*  register unsigned *rp1; JF unused */
-/*  register unsigned *rp2; JF unused */
-/*  register unsigned *rend; JF unused */
-
-  p = (core *) xmalloc((unsigned) (sizeof(core) - sizeof(short)));
-  first_state = last_state = this_state = p;
-  nstates = 1;
+  /* Make a reductions structure and copy the data into it.  */
+  state_reductions_set (s, count, redset);

 }
 
 }
 

+\f
+/*---------------.
+| Build STATES.  |
+`---------------*/

 
 static void
 
 static void

-save_shifts (void)
+set_states (void)

 {
 {

-  register shifts *p;
-  register short *sp1;
-  register short *sp2;
-  register short *send;
-
-  p = (shifts *) xmalloc((unsigned) (sizeof(shifts) +
-                                    (nshifts - 1) * sizeof(short)));
-
-  p->number = this_state->number;
-  p->nshifts = nshifts;
-
-  sp1 = shiftset;
-  sp2 = p->shifts;
-  send = shiftset + nshifts;
-
-  while (sp1 < send)
-    *sp2++ = *sp1++;
+  states = xcalloc (nstates, sizeof *states);

 
 

-  if (last_shift)
+  while (first_state)

     {
     {

-      last_shift->next = p;
-      last_shift = p;
-    }
-  else
-    {
-      first_shift = p;
-      last_shift = p;
+      state_list *this = first_state;
+
+      /* Pessimization, but simplification of the code: make sure all
+        the states have valid transitions and reductions members,
+        even if reduced to 0.  It is too soon for errs, which are
+        computed later, but set_conflicts.  */
+      state *s = this->state;
+      if (!s->transitions)
+       state_transitions_set (s, 0, 0);
+      if (!s->reductions)
+       state_reductions_set (s, 0, 0);
+
+      states[s->number] = s;
+
+      first_state = this->next;
+      free (this);

     }
     }

+  first_state = NULL;
+  last_state = NULL;

 }
 
 
 }
 
 

+/*-------------------------------------------------------------------.
+| Compute the nondeterministic finite state machine (see state.h for |
+| details) from the grammar.                                         |
+`-------------------------------------------------------------------*/

 
 

-/* find which rules can be used for reduction transitions from the current state
-   and make a reductions structure for the state to record their rule numbers.  */
-static void
-save_reductions (void)
-{
-  register short *isp;
-  register short *rp1;
-  register short *rp2;
-  register int item;
-  register int count;
-  register reductions *p;
-
-  short *rend;
-
-  /* find and count the active items that represent ends of rules */
-
-  count = 0;
-  for (isp = itemset; isp < itemsetend; isp++)
-    {
-      item = ritem[*isp];
-      if (item < 0)
-       {
-         redset[count++] = -item;
-       }
-    }
-
-  /* make a reductions structure and copy the data into it.  */
-
-  if (count)
-    {
-      p = (reductions *) xmalloc((unsigned) (sizeof(reductions) +
-                                            (count - 1) * sizeof(short)));
-
-      p->number = this_state->number;
-      p->nreds = count;
-
-      rp1 = redset;
-      rp2 = p->rules;
-      rend = rp1 + count;
-
-      while (rp1 < rend)
-       *rp2++ = *rp1++;
-
-      if (last_reduction)
-       {
-         last_reduction->next = p;
-         last_reduction = p;
-       }
-      else
-       {
-         first_reduction = p;
-         last_reduction = p;
-       }
-    }
-}
-
-
-
-/* Make sure that the initial state has a shift that accepts the
-grammar's start symbol and goes to the next-to-final state,
-which has a shift going to the final state, which has a shift
-to the termination state.
-Create such states and shifts if they don't happen to exist already.  */
-static void
-augment_automaton (void)
+void
+generate_states (void)

 {
 {

-  register int i;
-  register int k;
-/*  register int found; JF unused */
-  register core *statep;
-  register shifts *sp;
-  register shifts *sp2;
-  register shifts *sp1 = NULL;
-
-  sp = first_shift;
-
-  if (sp)
-    {
-      if (sp->number == 0)
-       {
-         k = sp->nshifts;
-         statep = first_state->next;
+  item_number initial_core = 0;
+  state_list *list = NULL;
+  allocate_storage ();
+  new_closure (nritems);

 
 

-         /* The states reached by shifts from first_state are numbered 1...K.
-            Look for one reached by start_symbol.  */
-         while (statep->accessing_symbol < start_symbol
-                 && statep->number < k)
-           statep = statep->next;
+  /* Create the initial state.  The 0 at the lhs is the index of the
+     item of this initial rule.  */
+  state_list_append (0, 1, &initial_core);

 
 

-         if (statep->accessing_symbol == start_symbol)
-           {
-             /* We already have a next-to-final state.
-                Make sure it has a shift to what will be the final state.  */
-             k = statep->number;
-
-             while (sp && sp->number < k)
-               {
-                 sp1 = sp;
-                 sp = sp->next;
-               }
-
-             if (sp && sp->number == k)
-               {
-                 sp2 = (shifts *) xmalloc((unsigned) (sizeof(shifts)
-                                                      + sp->nshifts * sizeof(short)));
-                 sp2->number = k;
-                 sp2->nshifts = sp->nshifts + 1;
-                 sp2->shifts[0] = nstates;
-                 for (i = sp->nshifts; i > 0; i--)
-                   sp2->shifts[i] = sp->shifts[i - 1];
-
-                 /* Patch sp2 into the chain of shifts in place of sp,
-                    following sp1.  */
-                 sp2->next = sp->next;
-                 sp1->next = sp2;
-                 if (sp == last_shift)
-                   last_shift = sp2;
-                 FREE(sp);
-               }
-             else
-               {
-                 sp2 = NEW(shifts);
-                 sp2->number = k;
-                 sp2->nshifts = 1;
-                 sp2->shifts[0] = nstates;
-
-                 /* Patch sp2 into the chain of shifts between sp1 and sp.  */
-                 sp2->next = sp;
-                 sp1->next = sp2;
-                 if (sp == 0)
-                   last_shift = sp2;
-               }
-           }
-         else
-           {
-             /* There is no next-to-final state as yet.  */
-             /* Add one more shift in first_shift,
-                going to the next-to-final state (yet to be made).  */
-             sp = first_shift;
-
-             sp2 = (shifts *) xmalloc(sizeof(shifts)
-                                        + sp->nshifts * sizeof(short));
-             sp2->nshifts = sp->nshifts + 1;
-
-             /* Stick this shift into the vector at the proper place.  */
-             statep = first_state->next;
-             for (k = 0, i = 0; i < sp->nshifts; k++, i++)
-               {
-                 if (statep->accessing_symbol > start_symbol && i == k)
-                   sp2->shifts[k++] = nstates;
-                 sp2->shifts[k] = sp->shifts[i];
-                 statep = statep->next;
-               }
-             if (i == k)
-               sp2->shifts[k++] = nstates;
-
-             /* Patch sp2 into the chain of shifts
-                in place of sp, at the beginning.  */
-             sp2->next = sp->next;
-             first_shift = sp2;
-             if (last_shift == sp)
-               last_shift = sp2;
-
-             FREE(sp);
-
-             /* Create the next-to-final state, with shift to
-                what will be the final state.  */
-             insert_start_shift();
-           }
-       }
-      else
-       {
-         /* The initial state didn't even have any shifts.
-            Give it one shift, to the next-to-final state.  */
-         sp = NEW(shifts);
-         sp->nshifts = 1;
-         sp->shifts[0] = nstates;
-
-         /* Patch sp into the chain of shifts at the beginning.  */
-         sp->next = first_shift;
-         first_shift = sp;
-
-         /* Create the next-to-final state, with shift to
-            what will be the final state.  */
-         insert_start_shift();
-       }
-    }
-  else
+  /* States are queued when they are created; process them all.  */
+  for (list = first_state; list; list = list->next)

     {
     {

-      /* There are no shifts for any state.
-        Make one shift, from the initial state to the next-to-final state.  */
-
-      sp = NEW(shifts);
-      sp->nshifts = 1;
-      sp->shifts[0] = nstates;
-
-      /* Initialize the chain of shifts with sp.  */
-      first_shift = sp;
-      last_shift = sp;
-
-      /* Create the next-to-final state, with shift to
-        what will be the final state.  */
-      insert_start_shift();
+      state *s = list->state;
+      if (trace_flag & trace_automaton)
+       fprintf (stderr, "Processing state %d (reached by %s)\n",
+                s->number,
+                symbols[s->accessing_symbol]->tag);
+      /* Set up itemset for the transitions out of this state.  itemset gets a
+         vector of all the items that could be accepted next.  */
+      closure (s->items, s->nitems);
+      /* Record the reductions allowed out of this state.  */
+      save_reductions (s);
+      /* Find the itemsets of the states that shifts can reach.  */
+      new_itemsets (s);
+      /* Find or create the core structures for those states.  */
+      append_states (s);
+
+      /* Create the shifts structures for the shifts to those states,
+        now that the state numbers transitioning to are known.  */
+      state_transitions_set (s, nshifts, shiftset);

     }
 
     }
 

-  /* Make the final state--the one that follows a shift from the
-     next-to-final state.
-     The symbol for that shift is 0 (end-of-file).  */
-  statep = (core *) xmalloc((unsigned) (sizeof(core) - sizeof(short)));
-  statep->number = nstates;
-  last_state->next = statep;
-  last_state = statep;
-
-  /* Make the shift from the final state to the termination state.  */
-  sp = NEW(shifts);
-  sp->number = nstates++;
-  sp->nshifts = 1;
-  sp->shifts[0] = nstates;
-  last_shift->next = sp;
-  last_shift = sp;
-
-  /* Note that the variable `final_state' refers to what we sometimes call
-     the termination state.  */
-  final_state = nstates;
-
-  /* Make the termination state.  */
-  statep = (core *) xmalloc((unsigned) (sizeof(core) - sizeof(short)));
-  statep->number = nstates++;
-  last_state->next = statep;
-  last_state = statep;
-}
-
-
-/* subroutine of augment_automaton.
-   Create the next-to-final state, to which a shift has already been made in
-   the initial state.  */
-static void
-insert_start_shift (void)
-{
-  register core *statep;
-  register shifts *sp;
-
-  statep = (core *) xmalloc((unsigned) (sizeof(core) - sizeof(short)));
-  statep->number = nstates;
-  statep->accessing_symbol = start_symbol;
-
-  last_state->next = statep;
-  last_state = statep;
-
-  /* Make a shift from this state to (what will be) the final state.  */
-  sp = NEW(shifts);
-  sp->number = nstates++;
-  sp->nshifts = 1;
-  sp->shifts[0] = nstates;
+  /* discard various storage */
+  free_closure ();
+  free_storage ();

 
 

-  last_shift->next = sp;
-  last_shift = sp;
+  /* Set up STATES. */
+  set_states ();

 }
 }