=head1 NAME
-bench.pl - perform benches on Bison parsers.
+bench.pl - bench marks for Bison parsers.
=head1 SYNOPSIS
- ./bench.pl
+ ./bench.pl [OPTIONS]... DIRECTIVES
+
+=head1 DIRECTIVES
+
+Specify the set of benches to run. The following grammar defines the
+I<directives>:
+
+ directives ::=
+ directives | directives -- Alternation
+ | directives & directives -- Concatenation
+ | [ directives> ] -- Optional
+ | ( directives> ) -- Parentheses
+ | #d NAME[=VALUE] -- %code { #define NAME [VALUE] }
+ | %d NAME[=VALUE] -- %define NAME ["VALUE"]
+ | %s skeleton -- %skeleton "skeleton"
+ | directive
+
+Parentheses only group to override precedence. For instance:
+
+ [ %debug ] & [ %error-verbose ] & [ %define variant ]
+
+will generate eight different cases.
+
+=head1 OPTIONS
+
+=over 4
+
+=item B<-b>, B<--bench>
+
+Predefined benches, that is, combimation between a grammar and a I<directives>
+request.
+
+=over 4
+
+=item I<fusion>
+
+Test F<lalr1.cc> with three stacks against F<lalr1-fusion.cc> which
+uses a single one.
+
+=item I<push>
+
+Test the push parser vs. the pull interface. Use the C parser.
+
+=item I<variant>
+
+Test the use of variants instead of union in the C++ parser.
+
+=back
+
+=item B<-c>, B<--cflags>=I<flags>
+
+Flags to pass to the C or C++ compiler. Defaults to -O2.
+
+=item B<-d>, B<--directive>=I<directives>
+
+Add a set of Bison directives to bench against each other.
+
+=item B<-g>, B<--grammar>=I<grammar>
+
+Select the base I<grammar> to use. Defaults to I<calc>.
+
+=over 4
+
+=item I<calc>
+
+Traditional calculator.
+
+=item I<list>
+
+C++ grammar that uses std::string and std::list. Can be used with
+or without %define variant.
+
+=item I<triangular>
+
+Artificial grammar with very long rules.
+
+=back
+
+=item B<-h>, B<--help>
+
+Display this message and exit succesfully. The more verbose, the more
+details.
+
+=item B<-i>, B<--iterations>=I<integer>
+
+Say how many times a single test of the bench must be run. If
+negative, specify the minimum number of CPU seconds to run. Defaults
+to -1.
+
+=item B<-q>, B<--quiet>
+
+Decrease the verbosity level (defaults to 1).
+
+=item B<-v>, B<--verbose>
+
+Raise the verbosity level (defaults to 1).
+
+=back
=cut
+use strict;
use IO::File;
-use Benchmark qw (:all);
+##################################################################
+
+=head1 VARIABLES
+
+=over 4
+
+=item C<@bench>
+
+The list of benches to run.
+
+=item C<$bison>
+
+The Bison program to use to compile the grammar.
+
+=item C<$cc>
+
+The C compiler.
+
+=item C<$cxx>
+
+The C++ compiler.
+
+=item C<$cflags>
+
+Compiler flags (C or C++).
+
+=item C<@directive>
+
+A list of directive sets to measure against each other.
+
+=item C<$iterations>
+
+The number of times the parser is run for a bench.
+
+=item C<$verbose>
+
+Verbosity level.
+
+=back
+
+=cut
+
+my $bench;
my $bison = $ENV{'BISON'} || '@abs_top_builddir@/tests/bison';
my $cc = $ENV{'CC'} || 'gcc';
+my $cxx = $ENV{'CXX'} || 'g++';
+my $cflags = '-O2';
+my @directive = ();
+my $grammar = 'calc';
+my $iterations = -1;
+my $verbose = 1;
-##################################################################
-
-=head2 Functions
+=head1 FUNCTIONS
=over 4
-=item C<triangular_grammar ($base, $max, $directives)>
+=item C<verbose($level, $message)>
+
+Report the C<$message> is C<$level> E<lt>= C<$verbose>.
+
+=cut
+
+sub verbose($$)
+{
+ my ($level, $message) = @_;
+ print STDERR $message
+ if $level <= $verbose;
+}
+
+
+######################################################################
+
+=item C<directives($bench, @directive)>
+
+Format the list of directives for Bison for bench named C<$bench>.
+
+=cut
+
+sub directives($@)
+{
+ my ($bench, @directive) = @_;
+ my $res = "/* Directives for bench `$bench'. */\n";
+ $res .= join ("\n", @directive) . "\n";
+ $res .= "/* End of directives for bench `$bench'. */\n";
+ return $res;
+}
+
+######################################################################
+
+=item C<generate_grammar_triangular ($base, $max, @directive)>
Create a large triangular grammar which looks like :
| "1" "2" "3" "4" "5" END { $$ = 5; }
;
-C<$base> is the base name for the file to create (C<$base.y>).
+C<$base> is the base name for the file to create (F<$base.y>).
C<$max> is the number of such rules (here, 5). You may pass
-additional Bison C<$directives>.
+additional Bison C<@directive>.
The created parser is self contained: it includes its scanner, and
source of input.
=cut
-sub triangular_grammar ($$$)
+sub generate_grammar_triangular ($$@)
{
- my ($base, $max, $directives) = @_;
+ my ($base, $max, @directive) = @_;
+ my $directives = directives ($base, @directive);
my $out = new IO::File ">$base.y"
or die;
static int yylex (void);
static void yyerror (const char *msg);
%}
+$directives
%union
{
int val;
=item C<calc_input ($base, $max)>
-Generate the input file C<$base.input> for the calc parser. The input
+Generate the input file F<$base.input> for the calc parser. The input
is composed of two expressions. The first one is using left recursion
only and consumes no stack. The second one requires a deep stack.
These two expressions are repeated C<$max> times in the output file.
}
##################################################################
-=item C<calc_grammar ($base, $max, $directives)>
-Generate a Bison file C<$base.y> that for a calculator parser in C.
-Pass the additional Bison C<$directives>. C<$max> is ignored, but
-left to have the same interface as C<triangular_grammar>.
+=item C<generate_grammar_calc ($base, $max, @directive)>
+
+Generate a Bison file F<$base.y> for a calculator parser in C. Pass
+the additional Bison C<@directive>. C<$max> is ignored, but left to
+have the same interface as C<triangular_grammar>.
=cut
-sub calc_grammar ($$$)
+sub generate_grammar_calc ($$@)
{
- my ($base, $max, $directives) = @_;
+ my ($base, $max, @directive) = @_;
+ my $directives = directives ($base, @directive);
+
+ # Putting this request here is stupid, since the input will be
+ # generated each time we generate a grammar.
+ calc_input ('calc', 200);
my $out = new IO::File ">$base.y"
or die;
static int global_count = 0;
%}
-/* Exercise %union. */
$directives
%error-verbose
+/* Exercise %union. */
%union
{
semantic_value ival;
##################################################################
+=item C<generate_grammar_list ($base, $max, @directive)>
+
+Generate a Bison file F<$base.y> for a C++ parser that uses C++
+objects (std::string, std::list). Tailored for using %define variant.
+
+=cut
+
+sub generate_grammar_list ($$@)
+{
+ my ($base, $max, @directive) = @_;
+ my $directives = directives ($base, @directive);
+ my $variant = grep { /%define "?variant"?/ } @directive;
+ my $lex_symbol = grep { /%define "?lex_symbol"?/ } @directive;
+ my $out = new IO::File ">$base.y"
+ or die;
+ print $out <<EOF;
+%language "C++"
+%defines
+%locations
+$directives
+
+%code requires // *.h
+{
+#include <string>
+}
+
+%code // *.c
+{
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <sstream>
+
+#define STAGE_MAX ($max * 10) // max = $max
+
+#define USE_LEX_SYMBOL $lex_symbol
+#define USE_VARIANTS $variant
+
+ // Prototype of the yylex function providing subsequent tokens.
+ static
+#if USE_LEX_SYMBOL
+ yy::parser::symbol_type yylex();
+#else
+ yy::parser::token_type yylex(yy::parser::semantic_type* yylval,
+ yy::parser::location_type* yylloc);
+#endif
+
+ // Conversion to string.
+ template <typename T>
+ inline
+ std::string
+ string_cast (const T& t)
+ {
+ std::ostringstream o;
+ o << t;
+ return o.str ();
+ }
+}
+
+%token END_OF_FILE 0
+EOF
+
+ if ($variant)
+ {
+ print $out <<'EOF';
+%token <std::string> TEXT
+%token <int> NUMBER
+%printer { std::cerr << "Number: " << $$; } <int>
+%printer { std::cerr << "Text: " << $$; } <std::string>
+%type <std::string> text result
+
+%%
+result:
+ text { /* Throw away the result. */ }
+;
+
+text:
+ /* nothing */ { /* This will generate an empty string */ }
+| text TEXT { std::swap ($$, $2); }
+| text NUMBER { $$ = string_cast($2); }
+;
+EOF
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ # Not using Bison variants.
+ print $out <<'EOF';
+%union {int ival; std::string* sval;}
+%token <sval> TEXT
+%token <ival> NUMBER
+%printer { std::cerr << "Number: " << $$; } <ival>
+%printer { std::cerr << "Text: " << *$$; } <sval>
+%type <sval> text result
+
+%%
+result:
+ text { delete $1; }
+;
+
+text:
+ /* nothing */ { $$ = new std::string; }
+| text TEXT { delete $1; $$ = $2; }
+| text NUMBER { delete $1; $$ = new std::string (string_cast ($2)); }
+;
+EOF
+ }
+
+ print $out <<'EOF';
+%%
+#
+
+static
+#if USE_LEX_SYMBOL
+yy::parser::symbol_type yylex()
+#else
+yy::parser::token_type yylex(yy::parser::semantic_type* yylval,
+ yy::parser::location_type* yylloc)
+#endif
+{
+ typedef yy::parser::token token;
+ static int stage = -1;
+ ++stage;
+ if (stage == STAGE_MAX)
+ {
+#if USE_LEX_SYMBOL
+ return yy::parser::make_symbol <token::END_OF_FILE> (yy::location());
+#else
+ *yylloc = yy::location ();
+ return token::END_OF_FILE;
+#endif
+ }
+ else if (stage % 2)
+ {
+#if USE_LEX_SYMBOL
+ return yy::parser::make_symbol <token::NUMBER> (stage, yy::location());
+#elif defined ONE_STAGE_BUILD
+ yylval->build(stage);
+ *yylloc = yy::location ();
+ return token::NUMBER;
+#elif USE_VARIANTS
+ yylval->build<int>() = stage;
+ *yylloc = yy::location ();
+ return token::NUMBER;
+#else
+ yylval->ival = stage;
+ *yylloc = yy::location ();
+ return token::NUMBER;
+#endif
+ }
+ else
+ {
+#if USE_LEX_SYMBOL
+ return yy::parser::make_symbol <token::TEXT> ("A string.", yy::location());
+#elif defined ONE_STAGE_BUILD
+ yylval->build(std::string("A string."));
+ *yylloc = yy::location ();
+ return token::TEXT;
+#elif USE_VARIANTS
+ yylval->build<std::string>() = std::string("A string.");
+ *yylloc = yy::location ();
+ return token::TEXT;
+#else
+ yylval->sval = new std::string("A string.");
+ *yylloc = yy::location ();
+ return token::TEXT;
+#endif
+ }
+ abort();
+}
+
+// Mandatory error function
+void
+yy::parser::error(const yy::parser::location_type& yylloc,
+ const std::string& message)
+{
+ std::cerr << yylloc << ": " << message << std::endl;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+ yy::parser p;
+#if YYDEBUG
+ p.set_debug_level(!!getenv("YYDEBUG"));
+#endif
+ p.parse();
+ return 0;
+}
+EOF
+}
+
+##################################################################
+
+=item C<generate_grammar ($name, $base, @directive)>
+
+Generate F<$base.y> by calling C<&generate_grammar_$name>.
+
+=cut
+
+sub generate_grammar ($$@)
+{
+ my ($name, $base, @directive) = @_;
+ verbose 3, "Generating $base.y\n";
+ my %generator =
+ (
+ "calc" => \&generate_grammar_calc,
+ "list" => \&generate_grammar_list,
+ "triangular" => \&generate_grammar_triangular,
+ );
+ &{$generator{$name}}($base, 200, @directive);
+}
+
+##################################################################
+
+=item C<run ($command)>
+
+Run, possibly verbosely, the shell C<$command>.
+
+=cut
+
+sub run ($)
+{
+ my ($command) = @_;
+ verbose 3, "$command\n";
+ system ("$command") == 0
+ or die "$command failed";
+}
+
+##################################################################
+
=item C<compile ($base)>
-Compile C<$base.y> to an executable C<$base> using the C compiler.
+Compile C<$base.y> to an executable C, Using the C or C++ compiler
+depending on the %language specification in C<$base.y>.
=cut
sub compile ($)
{
my ($base) = @_;
- system ("$bison $base.y -o $base.c") == 0
- or die;
- system ("$cc -o $base $base.c") == 0
- or die;
-}
+ my $language = `sed -ne '/%language "\\(.*\\)"/{s//\\1/;p;q;}' $base.y`;
+ chomp $language;
+
+ my $compiler = $language eq 'C++' ? $cxx : $cc;
-=item C<bench_grammar ($gram, %bench)>
+ run "$bison $base.y -o $base.c";
+ run "$compiler -o $base $cflags $base.c";
+}
-Generate benches for C<$gram>. C<$gram> should be C<calc> or
-C<triangle>. C<%bench> is a hash of the form:
+######################################################################
- C<$name> => C<$directives>
+=item C<bench ($grammar, @token)>
-where C<$name> is the name of the bench, and C<$directives> are the
-Bison directive to use for this bench. All the benches are compared
-against each other, repeated 50 times.
+Generate benches for the C<$grammar> and the directive specification
+given in the list of C<@token>.
=cut
-sub bench_grammar ($%)
+sub bench ($@)
{
- my ($gram, %test) = @_;
+ my ($grammar, @token) = @_;
+ use Benchmark qw (:all :hireswallclock);
+
+ my @directive = parse (@token);
# Set up the benches as expected by timethese.
my %bench;
- while (my ($name, $directives) = each %test)
+ # A counter of directive sets.
+ my $count = 1;
+ for my $d (@directive)
{
- print STDERR "$name\n";
- # Call the Bison input file generator.
- my $generator = "$gram" . "_grammar";
- &$generator ($name, 200, $directives);
+ $bench{$count} = $d;
+ printf " %2d. %s\n", $count, join (' ', split ("\n", $d));
+ $count++;
+ };
+
+ # For each bench, capture the size.
+ my %size;
+
+ while (my ($name, $directives) = each %bench)
+ {
+ generate_grammar ($grammar, $name, $directives);
+ # Compile the executable.
compile ($name);
$bench{$name} = "system ('./$name');";
+ chop($size{$name} = `wc -c <$name`);
}
- print "$gram:\n";
# Run the benches.
- my $res = timethese (50, \%bench, 'nop');
- # Output the result.
+ #
+ # STYLE can be any of 'all', 'none', 'noc', 'nop' or 'auto'. 'all'
+ # shows each of the 5 times available ('wallclock' time, user time,
+ # system time, user time of children, and system time of
+ # children). 'noc' shows all except the two children times. 'nop'
+ # shows only wallclock and the two children times. 'auto' (the
+ # default) will act as 'all' unless the children times are both
+ # zero, in which case it acts as 'noc'. 'none' prevents output.
+ verbose 3, "Running the benches for $grammar\n";
+ my $res = timethese ($iterations, \%bench, 'nop');
+
+ # Output the speed result.
cmpthese ($res, 'nop');
+
+ # Display the sizes.
+ print "Sizes (decreasing):\n";
+ my $width = 10;
+ for my $bench (keys %size)
+ {
+ $width = length $bench
+ if $width < length $bench;
+ }
+ # Benches sorted by decreasing size.
+ my @benches_per_size = sort {$size{$b} <=> $size{$a}} keys %size;
+ for my $bench (@benches_per_size)
+ {
+ printf "%${width}s: %5.2fkB\n", $bench, $size{$bench} / 1024;
+ }
}
+######################################################################
=item C<bench_push_parser ()>
sub bench_push_parser ()
{
- print STDERR "Using $bison, $cc.\n";
- calc_input ('calc', 200);
- bench_grammar
- ('calc',
- (
- "pull-impure" => '',
- "pull-pure" => '%define api.pure',
- "push-impure" => '%define api.push_pull "both"',
- "push-pure" => '%define api.push_pull "both" %define api.pure',
- )
+ bench ('calc',
+ qw(
+ [ %d api.pure ]
+ &
+ [ %d api.push_pull=both ]
+ ));
+}
+
+######################################################################
+
+=item C<bench_variant_parser ()>
+
+Bench the C++ lalr1.cc parser using variants or %union.
+
+=cut
+
+sub bench_variant_parser ()
+{
+ bench ('list',
+ qw(
+ [
+ %d variant
+ &
+ [ #d ONE_STAGE_BUILD | %d lex_symbol ]
+ ]
+ )
+ );
+}
+
+######################################################################
+
+=item C<bench_fusion_parser ()>
+
+Bench the C++ lalr1.cc parser using Boost.Variants or %union.
+
+=cut
+
+sub bench_fusion_parser ()
+{
+ bench ('list',
+ qw(
+ %s lalr1-split.cc
+ |
+ %s lalr1.cc
+ )
+ );
+}
+
+############################################################################
+
+sub help ($)
+{
+ my ($verbose) = @_;
+ use Pod::Usage;
+ # See <URL:http://perldoc.perl.org/pod2man.html#NOTES>.
+ pod2usage( { -message => "Bench Bison parsers",
+ -exitval => 0,
+ -verbose => $verbose,
+ -output => \*STDOUT });
+}
+
+######################################################################
+
+# The end of the directives to parse.
+my $eod = "end of directives";
+# The list of tokens parsed by the following functions.
+my @token;
+
+# eat ($EXPECTED)
+# ---------------
+# Check that the current token is $EXPECTED, and move to the next.
+sub eat ($)
+{
+ my ($expected) = @_;
+ die "expected $expected, unexpected: $token[0] (@token)\n"
+ unless $token[0] eq $expected;
+ shift @token;
+}
+
+# Parse directive specifications:
+# expr: term (| term)*
+# term: fact (& fact)*
+# fact: ( expr ) | [ expr ] | dirs
+# dirs: %s SKELETON | #d NAME[=VALUE] | %d NAME[=VALUE] | directive
+sub parse (@)
+{
+ @token = (@_, $eod);
+ verbose 3, "Parsing: @token\n";
+ my @res = parse_expr ();
+ eat ($eod);
+ return @res;
+}
+
+sub parse_expr ()
+{
+ my @res = parse_term ();
+ while ($token[0] eq '|')
+ {
+ eat ('|');
+ # Alternation.
+ push @res, parse_term ();
+ }
+ return @res;
+}
+
+sub parse_term ()
+{
+ my @res = parse_fact ();
+ while ($token[0] eq '&')
+ {
+ eat ('&');
+ # Cartesian product.
+ my @lhs = @res;
+ @res = ();
+ for my $rhs (parse_fact ())
+ {
+ for my $lhs (@lhs)
+ {
+ push @res, $lhs . ($lhs && $rhs ? "\n" : "") . $rhs;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ return @res;
+}
+
+sub parse_fact ()
+{
+ my @res;
+ die "unexpected end of expression"
+ unless defined $token[0];
+
+ if ($token[0] eq '(')
+ {
+ eat ('(');
+ @res = parse_expr ();
+ eat (')');
+ }
+ elsif ($token[0] eq '[')
+ {
+ eat ('[');
+ @res = (parse_expr (), '');
+ eat (']');
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ @res = parse_dirs ();
+ }
+ return @res;
+}
+
+sub parse_dirs ()
+{
+ my @res;
+ die "unexpected end of expression"
+ unless defined $token[0];
+
+ if ($token[0] eq '#d')
+ {
+ eat ('#d');
+ $token[0] =~ s/(.*?)=(.*)/$1 $2/;
+ @res = ("%code {\n#define $token[0]\n}");
+ shift @token;
+ }
+ elsif ($token[0] eq '%d')
+ {
+ shift @token;
+ $token[0] =~ s/(.*?)=(.*)/$1 "$2"/;
+ @res = ("%define $token[0]");
+ shift @token;
+ }
+ elsif ($token[0] eq '%s')
+ {
+ shift @token;
+ @res = ("%skeleton \"$token[0]\"");
+ shift @token;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ @res = $token[0];
+ shift @token;
+ }
+
+ return @res;
+}
+
+######################################################################
+
+sub getopt ()
+{
+ use Getopt::Long;
+ my %option = (
+ "b|bench=s" => \$bench,
+ "c|cflags=s" => \$cflags,
+ "d|directive=s" => \@directive,
+ "g|grammar=s" => \$grammar,
+ "h|help" => sub { help ($verbose) },
+ "i|iterations=i" => \$iterations,
+ "q|quiet" => sub { --$verbose },
+ "v|verbose" => sub { ++$verbose },
);
+ Getopt::Long::Configure ("bundling", "pass_through");
+ GetOptions (%option)
+ or exit 1;
}
-bench_push_parser();
+######################################################################
+
+getopt;
+
+# Create the directory we work in.
+mkdir "benches" or die "cannot create benches"
+ unless -d "benches";
+my $count = 1;
+++$count
+ while -d "benches/$count";
+my $dir = "benches/$count";
+mkdir $dir
+ or die "cannot create $dir";
+chdir $dir
+ or die "cannot chdir $dir";
+
+# The following message is tailored to please Emacs' compilation-mode.
+verbose 1, "Entering directory `$dir'\n";
+verbose 1, "Using bison=$bison.\n";
+verbose 2, "Using cc=$cc.\n";
+verbose 2, "Using cxx=$cxx.\n";
+verbose 2, "Using cflags=$cflags.\n";
+verbose 2, "Grammar: $grammar\n";
+
+
+# Support -b: predefined benches.
+my %bench =
+ (
+ "fusion" => \&bench_fusion_parser,
+ "push" => \&bench_push_parser,
+ "variant" => \&bench_variant_parser,
+ );
+
+if (defined $bench)
+{
+ die "invalid argument for --bench: $bench"
+ unless defined $bench{$bench};
+ &{$bench{$bench}}();
+ exit 0;
+}
+else
+{
+ # Launch the bench marking.
+ bench ($grammar, @ARGV);
+}
### Setup "GNU" style for perl-mode and cperl-mode.
## Local Variables:
projects / bison.git / blobdiff