Use strict on bench.pl.

[bison.git] / data / bison.m4

diff --git a/data/bison.m4 b/data/bison.m4
index 052dafaa87f0b0418e7609975c3cdb1d0ca9b125..31f7818162ec27b4abae941a6d18e4dce1d01184 100644 (file)
--- a/data/bison.m4
+++ b/data/bison.m4
@@ -1,41 +1,43 @@
                                                             -*- Autoconf -*-
 
 # Language-independent M4 Macros for Bison.
                                                             -*- Autoconf -*-
 
 # Language-independent M4 Macros for Bison.

-# Copyright (C) 2002, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# Copyright (C) 2002, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 Free Software Foundation,
+# Inc.

 
 

-# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify

 # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

-# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or

 # (at your option) any later version.
 # (at your option) any later version.

-
+#

 # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 # GNU General Public License for more details.
 # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 # GNU General Public License for more details.

-
+#

 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License

-# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
-# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
-# 02110-1301  USA
+# along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

 
 
 ## ---------------- ##
 ## Identification.  ##
 ## ---------------- ##
 
 
 
 ## ---------------- ##
 ## Identification.  ##
 ## ---------------- ##
 

-# b4_copyright(TITLE, YEARS)
-# --------------------------
+# b4_copyright(TITLE, [YEARS])
+# ----------------------------
+# If YEARS are not defined, use b4_copyright_years.

 m4_define([b4_copyright],
 [b4_comment([A Bison parser, made by GNU Bison b4_version.])
 
 b4_comment([$1
 
 m4_define([b4_copyright],
 [b4_comment([A Bison parser, made by GNU Bison b4_version.])
 
 b4_comment([$1
 

-m4_text_wrap([Copyright (C) $2 Free Software Foundation, Inc.], [   ])
+]m4_dquote(m4_text_wrap([Copyright (C)
+]m4_ifval([$2], [[$2]], [m4_defn([b4_copyright_years])])[
+Free Software Foundation, Inc.]))[

 
 

-This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify

 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

-the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
-any later version.
+the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+(at your option) any later version.

 
 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 
 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of


@@ -43,9 +45,7 @@ MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 GNU General Public License for more details.
 
 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 GNU General Public License for more details.
 
 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License

-along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
-Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor,
-Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.])
+along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.])

 
 b4_comment([As a special exception, you may create a larger work that contains
 part or all of the Bison parser skeleton and distribute that work
 
 b4_comment([As a special exception, you may create a larger work that contains
 part or all of the Bison parser skeleton and distribute that work


@@ -65,65 +65,125 @@ version 2.2 of Bison.])])
 ## Error handling.  ##
 ## ---------------- ##
 
 ## Error handling.  ##
 ## ---------------- ##
 

+# The following error handling macros print error directives that should not
+# become arguments of other macro invocations since they would likely then be
+# mangled.  Thus, they print to stdout directly.
+
+# b4_cat(TEXT)
+# ------------
+# Write TEXT to stdout.  Precede the final newline with an @ so that it's
+# escaped.  For example:
+#
+#   b4_cat([[@complain(invalid input@)]])
+m4_define([b4_cat],
+[m4_syscmd([cat <<'_m4eof'
+]m4_bpatsubst(m4_dquote($1), [_m4eof], [_m4@`eof])[@
+_m4eof
+])dnl
+m4_if(m4_sysval, [0], [], [m4_fatal([$0: cannot write to stdout])])])
+

 # b4_error(KIND, FORMAT, [ARG1], [ARG2], ...)
 # b4_error(KIND, FORMAT, [ARG1], [ARG2], ...)

-# ---------------------------------------------------------------
-# Write @KIND(FORMAT@,ARG1@,ARG2@,...@) to diversion 0.
+# -------------------------------------------
+# Write @KIND(FORMAT@,ARG1@,ARG2@,...@) to stdout.
+#
+# For example:
+#
+#   b4_error([[warn]], [[invalid value for `%s': %s]], [[foo]], [[3]])

 m4_define([b4_error],
 m4_define([b4_error],

-[m4_divert_push(0)[@]$1[(]$2[]m4_if([$#], [2], [],
-[m4_foreach([b4_arg],
-            m4_dquote(m4_shift(m4_shift($@))),
-            [[@,]b4_arg])])[@)]m4_divert_pop(0)])
+[b4_cat([[@]$1[(]$2[]]dnl
+[m4_if([$#], [2], [],
+       [m4_foreach([b4_arg],
+                   m4_dquote(m4_shift(m4_shift($@))),
+                   [[@,]b4_arg])])[@)]])])
+
+# b4_error_at(KIND, START, END, FORMAT, [ARG1], [ARG2], ...)
+# ----------------------------------------------------------
+# Write @KIND_at(START@,END@,FORMAT@,ARG1@,ARG2@,...@) to stdout.
+#
+# For example:
+#
+#   b4_error_at([[complain]], [[input.y:2.3]], [[input.y:5.4]],
+#               [[invalid %s]], [[foo]])
+m4_define([b4_error_at],
+[b4_cat([[@]$1[_at(]$2[@,]$3[@,]$4[]]dnl
+[m4_if([$#], [4], [],
+       [m4_foreach([b4_arg],
+                   m4_dquote(m4_shift(m4_shift(m4_shift(m4_shift($@))))),
+                   [[@,]b4_arg])])[@)]])])

 
 # b4_warn(FORMAT, [ARG1], [ARG2], ...)
 
 # b4_warn(FORMAT, [ARG1], [ARG2], ...)

-# --------------------------------------------------------
-# Write @warn(FORMAT@,ARG1@,ARG2@,...@) to diversion 0.
+# ------------------------------------
+# Write @warn(FORMAT@,ARG1@,ARG2@,...@) to stdout.
+#
+# For example:
+#
+#   b4_warn([[invalid value for `%s': %s]], [[foo]], [[3]])

 #
 # As a simple test suite, this:
 #
 #
 # As a simple test suite, this:
 #

+#   m4_divert(-1)

 #   m4_define([asdf], [ASDF])
 #   m4_define([fsa], [FSA])
 #   m4_define([fdsa], [FDSA])
 #   b4_warn([[[asdf), asdf]]], [[[fsa), fsa]]], [[[fdsa), fdsa]]])
 #   m4_define([asdf], [ASDF])
 #   m4_define([fsa], [FSA])
 #   m4_define([fdsa], [FDSA])
 #   b4_warn([[[asdf), asdf]]], [[[fsa), fsa]]], [[[fdsa), fdsa]]])

-#   m4_divert(0)

 #   b4_warn([[asdf), asdf]], [[fsa), fsa]], [[fdsa), fdsa]])
 #   b4_warn([[asdf), asdf]], [[fsa), fsa]], [[fdsa), fdsa]])

-#   m4_divert(0)
-#   b4_warn([asdf), asdf], [fsa), fsa], [fdsa), fdsa])
-#   m4_divert(0)
-#   b4_warn
-#   m4_divert(0)

 #   b4_warn()
 #   b4_warn()

-#   m4_divert(0)

 #   b4_warn(1)
 #   b4_warn(1)

-#   m4_divert(0)

 #   b4_warn(1, 2)
 #
 #   b4_warn(1, 2)
 #

-# Should produce this:
+# Should produce this without newlines:

 #
 #   @warn([asdf), asdf]@,[fsa), fsa]@,[fdsa), fdsa]@)
 #   @warn(asdf), asdf@,fsa), fsa@,fdsa), fdsa@)
 #
 #   @warn([asdf), asdf]@,[fsa), fsa]@,[fdsa), fdsa]@)
 #   @warn(asdf), asdf@,fsa), fsa@,fdsa), fdsa@)

-#   @warn(ASDF), ASDF@,FSA), FSA@,FDSA), FDSA@)
-#   @warn(@)

 #   @warn(@)
 #   @warn(1@)
 #   @warn(1@,2@)
 m4_define([b4_warn],
 [b4_error([[warn]], $@)])
 
 #   @warn(@)
 #   @warn(1@)
 #   @warn(1@,2@)
 m4_define([b4_warn],
 [b4_error([[warn]], $@)])
 

+# b4_warn_at(START, END, FORMAT, [ARG1], [ARG2], ...)
+# ---------------------------------------------------
+# Write @warn(START@,END@,FORMAT@,ARG1@,ARG2@,...@) to stdout.
+#
+# For example:
+#
+#   b4_warn_at([[input.y:2.3]], [[input.y:5.4]], [[invalid %s]], [[foo]])
+m4_define([b4_warn_at],
+[b4_error_at([[warn]], $@)])
+

 # b4_complain(FORMAT, [ARG1], [ARG2], ...)
 # b4_complain(FORMAT, [ARG1], [ARG2], ...)

-# ------------------------------------------------------------
-# Write @complain(FORMAT@,ARG1@,ARG2@,...@) to diversion 0.
+# ----------------------------------------
+# Write @complain(FORMAT@,ARG1@,ARG2@,...@) to stdout.

 #
 #

-# See the test suite for b4_warn above.
+# See b4_warn example.

 m4_define([b4_complain],
 [b4_error([[complain]], $@)])
 
 m4_define([b4_complain],
 [b4_error([[complain]], $@)])
 

+# b4_complain_at(START, END, FORMAT, [ARG1], [ARG2], ...)
+# -------------------------------------------------------
+# Write @complain(START@,END@,FORMAT@,ARG1@,ARG2@,...@) to stdout.
+#
+# See b4_warn_at example.
+m4_define([b4_complain_at],
+[b4_error_at([[complain]], $@)])
+

 # b4_fatal(FORMAT, [ARG1], [ARG2], ...)
 # b4_fatal(FORMAT, [ARG1], [ARG2], ...)

-# ---------------------------------------------------------
-# Write @fatal(FORMAT@,ARG1@,ARG2@,...@) to diversion 0.
+# -------------------------------------
+# Write @fatal(FORMAT@,ARG1@,ARG2@,...@) to stdout and exit.

 #
 #

-# See the test suite for b4_warn above.
+# See b4_warn example.

 m4_define([b4_fatal],
 m4_define([b4_fatal],

-[b4_error([[fatal]], $@)])
+[b4_error([[fatal]], $@)dnl
+m4_exit(1)])
+
+# b4_fatal_at(START, END, FORMAT, [ARG1], [ARG2], ...)
+# ----------------------------------------------------
+# Write @fatal(START@,END@,FORMAT@,ARG1@,ARG2@,...@) to stdout and exit.
+#
+# See b4_warn_at example.
+m4_define([b4_fatal_at],
+[b4_error_at([[fatal]], $@)dnl
+m4_exit(1)])

 
 
 ## ---------------- ##
 
 
 ## ---------------- ##


@@ -131,6 +191,8 @@ m4_define([b4_fatal],
 ## ---------------- ##
 
 # m4_define_default([b4_lex_param], [])   dnl breaks other skeletons
 ## ---------------- ##
 
 # m4_define_default([b4_lex_param], [])   dnl breaks other skeletons

+m4_define_default([b4_pre_prologue], [])
+m4_define_default([b4_post_prologue], [])

 m4_define_default([b4_epilogue], [])
 m4_define_default([b4_parse_param], [])
 
 m4_define_default([b4_epilogue], [])
 m4_define_default([b4_parse_param], [])
 


@@ -192,13 +254,6 @@ b4_define_flag_if([error_verbose]) # Whether error are verbose.
 b4_define_flag_if([glr])               # Whether a GLR parser is requested.
 b4_define_flag_if([locations])         # Whether locations are tracked.
 b4_define_flag_if([nondeterministic])  # Whether conflicts should be handled.
 b4_define_flag_if([glr])               # Whether a GLR parser is requested.
 b4_define_flag_if([locations])         # Whether locations are tracked.
 b4_define_flag_if([nondeterministic])  # Whether conflicts should be handled.

-b4_define_flag_if([pull])              # Whether pull parsing is requested.
-b4_define_flag_if([pure])              # Whether the interface is pure.
-b4_define_flag_if([push])              # Whether push parsing is requested.
-b4_define_flag_if([use_push_for_pull])  # Whether push parsing should be used
-                                        # in place of pull parsing (where
-                                        # available) for the sake of the test
-                                        # suite.

 b4_define_flag_if([yacc])              # Whether POSIX Yacc is emulated.
 
 
 b4_define_flag_if([yacc])              # Whether POSIX Yacc is emulated.
 
 


@@ -259,46 +314,246 @@ b4_define_user_code([pre_prologue])
 b4_define_user_code([stype])
 
 
 b4_define_user_code([stype])
 
 

-# b4_check_percent_code_qualifiers([VAILD_QUALIFIER], [VALID_QUALIFIER], ...)
-# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# Complain if any %code qualifier used in the grammar is not a valid qualifier.
-#
-# If no %code qualifiers are used in the grammar,
-# b4_used_percent_code_qualifiers must be undefined or expand to the empty
-# string.  Otherwise, it must expand to a comma-delimited list specifying all
-# %code qualifiers used in the grammar.   Each item in the list must expand to
-# text that expands to one of those qualifiers.  For example, to define
-# b4_used_percent_code_qualifiers with two qualifiers with correct quoting:
-#
-#   m4_define([b4_used_percent_code_qualifiers],
-#             [[[[requires]], [[provides]]]])
-#
-# Multiple occurrences of the same qualifier are fine.  Empty string qualifiers
-# are fine.
-#
-# Each VALID_QUALIFIER must expand to a valid qualifier.  For example,
-# b4_check_percent_code_qualifiers might be invoked with:
-#
-#   b4_check_percent_code_qualifiers([[requires]], [[provides]])
-#
-# Multiple occurrences of the same valid qualifier are fine.  A VALID_QUALIFIER
-# that expands to the empty string will correctly define the empty string as a
-# valid qualifier, but it would be ugly for a Bison skeleton to actually use
-# that.  If b4_used_percent_code_qualifiers is invoked with empty parens, then
-# there is one valid qualifier and it is the empty string.  To specify that
-# there are no valid qualifiers, invoke b4_check_percent_code_qualifiers
-# without parens.
-#
-# Qualifiers and valid qualifiers must not contain the character `,'.
-m4_define([b4_check_percent_code_qualifiers],
-[m4_ifdef([b4_used_percent_code_qualifiers], [
-m4_foreach([b4_qualifier],
-           b4_used_percent_code_qualifiers,
-           [m4_if(m4_index(m4_if($#, 0, [], [[,]m4_quote($*)[,]]),
-                           [,]b4_qualifier[,]),
-                  [-1],
-                  [b4_complain([[`%s' is not a recognized %%code qualifier]],
-                               [b4_qualifier])
-                  ])
-           ])
+# b4_check_user_names(WHAT, USER-LIST, BISON-NAMESPACE)
+# --------------------------------------------------------
+# Warn if any name of type WHAT is used by the user (as recorded in USER-LIST)
+# but is not used by Bison (as recorded by macros in the namespace
+# BISON-NAMESPACE).
+#
+# USER-LIST must expand to a list specifying all grammar occurrences of all
+# names of type WHAT.   Each item in the list must be a triplet specifying one
+# occurrence: name, start boundary, and end boundary.  Empty string names are
+# fine.  An empty list is fine.
+#
+# For example, to define b4_foo_user_names to be used for USER-LIST with three
+# name occurrences and with correct quoting:
+#
+#   m4_define([b4_foo_user_names],
+#             [[[[[[bar]], [[parser.y:1.7]], [[parser.y:1.16]]]],
+#               [[[[bar]], [[parser.y:5.7]], [[parser.y:5.16]]]],
+#               [[[[baz]], [[parser.y:8.7]], [[parser.y:8.16]]]]]])
+#
+# The macro BISON-NAMESPACE(bar) must be defined iff the name bar of type WHAT
+# is used by Bison (in the front-end or in the skeleton).  Empty string names
+# are fine, but it would be ugly for Bison to actually use one.
+#
+# For example, to use b4_foo_bison_names for BISON-NAMESPACE and define that
+# the names bar and baz are used by Bison:
+#
+#   m4_define([b4_foo_bison_names(bar)])
+#   m4_define([b4_foo_bison_names(baz)])
+#
+# To invoke b4_check_user_names with TYPE foo, with USER-LIST
+# b4_foo_user_names, with BISON-NAMESPACE b4_foo_bison_names, and with correct
+# quoting:
+#
+#   b4_check_user_names([[foo]], [b4_foo_user_names],
+#                       [[b4_foo_bison_names]])
+m4_define([b4_check_user_names],
+[m4_foreach([b4_occurrence], $2,
+[m4_pushdef([b4_occurrence], b4_occurrence)dnl
+m4_pushdef([b4_user_name], m4_car(b4_occurrence))dnl
+m4_pushdef([b4_start], m4_car(m4_shift(b4_occurrence)))dnl
+m4_pushdef([b4_end], m4_shift(m4_shift(b4_occurrence)))dnl
+m4_ifndef($3[(]m4_quote(b4_user_name)[)],
+          [b4_warn_at([b4_start], [b4_end],
+                      [[%s `%s' is not used]],
+                      [$1], [b4_user_name])])[]dnl
+m4_popdef([b4_occurrence])dnl
+m4_popdef([b4_user_name])dnl
+m4_popdef([b4_start])dnl
+m4_popdef([b4_end])dnl

 ])])
 ])])

+
+# b4_percent_define_get(VARIABLE)
+# -------------------------------
+# Mimic muscle_percent_define_get in ../src/muscle_tab.h exactly.  That is, if
+# the %define variable VARIABLE is defined, emit its value.  Also, record
+# Bison's usage of VARIABLE by defining
+# b4_percent_define_bison_variables(VARIABLE).
+#
+# For example:
+#
+#   b4_percent_define_get([[foo]])
+m4_define([b4_percent_define_get],
+[m4_define([b4_percent_define_bison_variables(]$1[)])dnl
+m4_ifdef([b4_percent_define(]$1[)], [m4_indir([b4_percent_define(]$1[)])])])
+
+# b4_percent_define_get_loc(VARIABLE)
+# -----------------------------------
+# Mimic muscle_percent_define_get_loc in ../src/muscle_tab.h exactly.  That is,
+# if the %define variable VARIABLE is undefined, complain fatally since that's
+# a Bison or skeleton error.  Otherwise, return its definition location in a
+# form approriate for the first two arguments of b4_warn_at, b4_complain_at, or
+# b4_fatal_at.  Don't record this as a Bison usage of VARIABLE as there's no
+# reason to suspect that the user-supplied value has yet influenced the output.
+#
+# For example:
+#
+#   b4_complain_at(b4_percent_define_get_loc([[foo]]), [[invalid foo]])
+m4_define([b4_percent_define_get_loc],
+[m4_ifdef([b4_percent_define_loc(]$1[)],
+          [m4_pushdef([b4_loc], m4_indir([b4_percent_define_loc(]$1[)]))dnl
+b4_loc[]dnl
+m4_popdef([b4_loc])],
+          [b4_fatal([[undefined %%define variable `%s' passed to b4_percent_define_get_loc]], [$1])])])
+
+# b4_percent_define_get_syncline(VARIABLE)
+# ----------------------------------------
+# Mimic muscle_percent_define_get_syncline in ../src/muscle_tab.h exactly.
+# That is, if the %define variable VARIABLE is undefined, complain fatally
+# since that's a Bison or skeleton error.  Otherwise, return its definition
+# location as a b4_syncline invocation.  Don't record this as a Bison usage of
+# VARIABLE as there's no reason to suspect that the user-supplied value has yet
+# influenced the output.
+#
+# For example:
+#
+#   b4_percent_define_get_syncline([[foo]])
+m4_define([b4_percent_define_get_syncline],
+[m4_ifdef([b4_percent_define_syncline(]$1[)],
+          [m4_indir([b4_percent_define_syncline(]$1[)])],
+          [b4_fatal([[undefined %%define variable `%s' passed to b4_percent_define_get_syncline]], [$1])])])
+
+# b4_percent_define_ifdef(VARIABLE, IF-TRUE, [IF-FALSE])
+# ------------------------------------------------------
+# Mimic muscle_percent_define_ifdef in ../src/muscle_tab.h exactly.  That is,
+# if the %define variable VARIABLE is defined, expand IF-TRUE, else expand
+# IF-FALSE.  Also, record Bison's usage of VARIABLE by defining
+# b4_percent_define_bison_variables(VARIABLE).
+#
+# For example:
+#
+#   b4_percent_define_ifdef([[foo]], [[it's defined]], [[it's undefined]])
+m4_define([b4_percent_define_ifdef],
+[m4_ifdef([b4_percent_define(]$1[)],
+         [m4_define([b4_percent_define_bison_variables(]$1[)])$2],
+         [$3])])
+
+# b4_percent_define_flag_if(VARIABLE, IF-TRUE, [IF-FALSE])
+# --------------------------------------------------------
+# Mimic muscle_percent_define_flag_if in ../src/muscle_tab.h exactly.  That is,
+# if the %define variable VARIABLE is defined to "" or "true", expand IF-TRUE.
+# If it is defined to "false", expand IF-FALSE.  Complain if it is undefined
+# (a Bison or skeleton error since the default value should have been set
+# already) or defined to any other value (possibly a user error).  Also, record
+# Bison's usage of VARIABLE by defining
+# b4_percent_define_bison_variables(VARIABLE).
+#
+# For example:
+#
+#   b4_percent_define_flag_if([[foo]], [[it's true]], [[it's false]])
+m4_define([b4_percent_define_flag_if],
+[b4_percent_define_ifdef([$1],
+  [m4_case(b4_percent_define_get([$1]),
+           [], [$2], [true], [$2], [false], [$3],
+           [m4_expand_once([b4_complain_at(b4_percent_define_get_loc([$1]),
+                                           [[invalid value for %%define Boolean variable `%s']],
+                                           [$1])],
+                           [[b4_percent_define_flag_if($1)]])])],
+  [b4_fatal([[undefined %%define variable `%s' passed to b4_percent_define_flag_if]], [$1])])])
+
+# b4_percent_define_default(VARIABLE, DEFAULT)
+# --------------------------------------------
+# Mimic muscle_percent_define_default in ../src/muscle_tab.h exactly.  That is,
+# if the %define variable VARIABLE is undefined, set its value to DEFAULT.
+# Don't record this as a Bison usage of VARIABLE as there's no reason to
+# suspect that the value has yet influenced the output.
+#
+# For example:
+#
+#   b4_percent_define_default([[foo]], [[default value]])
+m4_define([b4_percent_define_default],
+[m4_ifndef([b4_percent_define(]$1[)],
+           [m4_define([b4_percent_define(]$1[)], [$2])dnl
+            m4_define([b4_percent_define_loc(]$1[)],
+                      [[[[[Bison:b4_percent_define_default]:1.0]], [[[Bison:b4_percent_define_default]:1.0]]]])dnl
+            m4_define([b4_percent_define_syncline(]$1[)],
+                      [[]b4_syncline(1, [["[Bison:b4_percent_define_default]"]])[
+]])])])
+
+# b4_percent_define_check_values(VALUES)
+# --------------------------------------
+# Mimic muscle_percent_define_check_values in ../src/muscle_tab.h exactly
+# except that the VALUES structure is more appropriate for M4.  That is, VALUES
+# is a list of sublists of strings.  For each sublist, the first string is the
+# name of a %define variable, and all remaining strings in that sublist are the
+# valid values for that variable.  Complain if such a variable is undefined (a
+# Bison error since the default value should have been set already) or defined
+# to any other value (possibly a user error).  Don't record this as a Bison
+# usage of the variable as there's no reason to suspect that the value has yet
+# influenced the output.
+#
+# For example:
+#
+#   b4_percent_define_check_values([[[[foo]], [[foo-value1]], [[foo-value2]]]],
+#                                  [[[[bar]], [[bar-value1]]]])
+m4_define([b4_percent_define_check_values],
+[m4_foreach([b4_sublist], m4_quote($@),
+            [_b4_percent_define_check_values(b4_sublist)])])
+
+m4_define([_b4_percent_define_check_values],
+[m4_ifdef([b4_percent_define(]$1[)],
+  [m4_pushdef([b4_good_value], [0])dnl
+   m4_if($#, 1, [],
+         [m4_foreach([b4_value], m4_dquote(m4_shift($@)),
+                     [m4_if(m4_indir([b4_percent_define(]$1[)]), b4_value,
+                            [m4_define([b4_good_value], [1])])])])dnl
+   m4_if(b4_good_value, [0],
+         [b4_complain_at(b4_percent_define_get_loc([$1]),
+                         [[invalid value for %%define variable `%s': `%s']],
+                         [$1],
+                         m4_dquote(m4_indir([b4_percent_define(]$1[)])))])dnl
+   m4_popdef([b4_good_value])],
+  [b4_fatal([[undefined %%define variable `%s' passed to b4_percent_define_check_values]], [$1])])])
+
+# b4_percent_code_get([QUALIFIER])
+# --------------------------------
+# If any %code blocks for QUALIFIER are defined, emit them beginning with a
+# comment and ending with synclines and a newline.  If QUALIFIER is not
+# specified or empty, do this for the unqualified %code blocks.  Also, record
+# Bison's usage of QUALIFIER (if specified) by defining
+# b4_percent_code_bison_qualifiers(QUALIFIER).
+#
+# For example, to emit any unqualified %code blocks followed by any %code
+# blocks for the qualifier foo:
+#
+#   b4_percent_code_get
+#   b4_percent_code_get([[foo]])
+m4_define([b4_percent_code_get],
+[m4_pushdef([b4_macro_name], [[b4_percent_code(]$1[)]])dnl
+m4_ifval([$1], [m4_define([b4_percent_code_bison_qualifiers(]$1[)])])dnl
+m4_ifdef(b4_macro_name,
+[b4_comment([m4_if([$#], [0], [[Unqualified %code]],
+                   [["%code ]$1["]])[ blocks.]])
+b4_user_code([m4_indir(b4_macro_name)])
+])dnl
+m4_popdef([b4_macro_name])])
+
+# b4_percent_code_ifdef(QUALIFIER, IF-TRUE, [IF-FALSE])
+# -----------------------------------------------------
+# If any %code blocks for QUALIFIER (or unqualified %code blocks if
+# QUALIFIER is empty) are defined, expand IF-TRUE, else expand IF-FALSE.
+# Also, record Bison's usage of QUALIFIER (if specified) by defining
+# b4_percent_code_bison_qualifiers(QUALIFIER).
+m4_define([b4_percent_code_ifdef],
+[m4_ifdef([b4_percent_code(]$1[)],
+          [m4_ifval([$1], [m4_define([b4_percent_code_bison_qualifiers(]$1[)])])$2],
+         [$3])])
+
+
+## ----------------------------------------------------------- ##
+## After processing the skeletons, check that all the user's   ##
+## %define variables and %code qualifiers were used by Bison.  ##
+## ----------------------------------------------------------- ##
+
+m4_define([b4_check_user_names_wrap],
+[m4_ifdef([b4_percent_]$1[_user_]$2[s],
+          [b4_check_user_names([[%]$1 $2],
+                               [b4_percent_]$1[_user_]$2[s],
+                               [[b4_percent_]$1[_bison_]$2[s]])])])
+
+m4_wrap_lifo([
+b4_check_user_names_wrap([[define]], [[variable]])
+b4_check_user_names_wrap([[code]], [[qualifier]])
+])