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1#! /usr/bin/perl -w
2
3# Copyright (C) 2006, 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4#
5# This file is part of Bison, the GNU Compiler Compiler.
6#
7# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
8# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
10# (at your option) any later version.
11#
12# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
15# GNU General Public License for more details.
16#
17# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
19
20=head1 NAME
21
22bench.pl - bench marks for Bison parsers.
23
24=head1 SYNOPSIS
25
26 ./bench.pl [OPTIONS]... DIRECTIVES
27
28=head1 DIRECTIVES
29
30Specify the set of benches to run. The following grammar defines the
31I<directives>:
32
33 directives ::=
34 directives | directives -- Alternation
35 | directives & directives -- Concatenation
36 | [ directives> ] -- Optional
37 | ( directives> ) -- Parentheses
38 | #d NAME[=VALUE] -- %code { #define NAME [VALUE] }
39 | %d NAME[=VALUE] -- %define NAME ["VALUE"]
40 | %s skeleton -- %skeleton "skeleton"
41 | directive
42
43Parentheses only group to override precedence. For instance:
44
45 [ %debug ] & [ %error-verbose ] & [ %define variant ]
46
47will generate eight different cases.
48
49=head1 OPTIONS
50
51=over 4
52
53=item B<-b>, B<--bench>
54
55Predefined benches, that is, combimation between a grammar and a I<directives>
56request.
57
58=over 4
59
60=item I<fusion>
61
62Test F<lalr1.cc> with three stacks against F<lalr1-fusion.cc> which
63uses a single one.
64
65=item I<push>
66
67Test the push parser vs. the pull interface. Use the C parser.
68
69=item I<variant>
70
71Test the use of variants instead of union in the C++ parser.
72
73=back
74
75=item B<-c>, B<--cflags>=I<flags>
76
77Flags to pass to the C or C++ compiler. Defaults to -O2.
78
79=item B<-d>, B<--directive>=I<directives>
80
81Add a set of Bison directives to bench against each other.
82
83=item B<-g>, B<--grammar>=I<grammar>
84
85Select the base I<grammar> to use. Defaults to I<calc>.
86
87=over 4
88
89=item I<calc>
90
91Traditional calculator.
92
93=item I<list>
94
95C++ grammar that uses std::string and std::list. Can be used with
96or without %define variant.
97
98=item I<triangular>
99
100Artificial grammar with very long rules.
101
102=back
103
104=item B<-h>, B<--help>
105
106Display this message and exit succesfully. The more verbose, the more
107details.
108
109=item B<-i>, B<--iterations>=I<integer>
110
111Say how many times a single test of the bench must be run. If
112negative, specify the minimum number of CPU seconds to run. Defaults
113to -1.
114
115=item B<-q>, B<--quiet>
116
117Decrease the verbosity level (defaults to 1).
118
119=item B<-v>, B<--verbose>
120
121Raise the verbosity level (defaults to 1).
122
123=back
124
125=cut
126
127use strict;
128use IO::File;
129
130##################################################################
131
132=head1 VARIABLES
133
134=over 4
135
136=item C<@bench>
137
138The list of benches to run.
139
140=item C<$bison>
141
142The Bison program to use to compile the grammar.
143
144=item C<$cc>
145
146The C compiler.
147
148=item C<$cxx>
149
150The C++ compiler.
151
152=item C<$cflags>
153
154Compiler flags (C or C++).
155
156=item C<@directive>
157
158A list of directive sets to measure against each other.
159
160=item C<$iterations>
161
162The number of times the parser is run for a bench.
163
164=item C<$verbose>
165
166Verbosity level.
167
168=back
169
170=cut
171
172my $bench;
173my $bison = $ENV{'BISON'} || '@abs_top_builddir@/tests/bison';
174my $cc = $ENV{'CC'} || 'gcc';
175my $cxx = $ENV{'CXX'} || 'g++';
176my $cflags = '-O2';
177my @directive = ();
178my $grammar = 'calc';
179my $iterations = -1;
180my $verbose = 1;
181
182=head1 FUNCTIONS
183
184=over 4
185
186=item C<verbose($level, $message)>
187
188Report the C<$message> is C<$level> E<lt>= C<$verbose>.
189
190=cut
191
192sub verbose($$)
193{
194 my ($level, $message) = @_;
195 print STDERR $message
196 if $level <= $verbose;
197}
198
199
200######################################################################
201
202=item C<directives($bench, @directive)>
203
204Format the list of directives for Bison for bench named C<$bench>.
205
206=cut
207
208sub directives($@)
209{
210 my ($bench, @directive) = @_;
211 my $res = "/* Directives for bench `$bench'. */\n";
212 $res .= join ("\n", @directive) . "\n";
213 $res .= "/* End of directives for bench `$bench'. */\n";
214 return $res;
215}
216
217######################################################################
218
219=item C<generate_grammar_triangular ($base, $max, @directive)>
220
221Create a large triangular grammar which looks like :
222
223 input:
224 exp { if ($1 != 0) abort (); $$ = $1; }
225 | input exp { if ($2 != $1 + 1) abort (); $$ = $2; }
226 ;
227
228 exp:
229 END { $$ = 0; }
230 | "1" END { $$ = 1; }
231 | "1" "2" END { $$ = 2; }
232 | "1" "2" "3" END { $$ = 3; }
233 | "1" "2" "3" "4" END { $$ = 4; }
234 | "1" "2" "3" "4" "5" END { $$ = 5; }
235 ;
236
237C<$base> is the base name for the file to create (F<$base.y>).
238C<$max> is the number of such rules (here, 5). You may pass
239additional Bison C<@directive>.
240
241The created parser is self contained: it includes its scanner, and
242source of input.
243=cut
244
245sub generate_grammar_triangular ($$@)
246{
247 my ($base, $max, @directive) = @_;
248 my $directives = directives ($base, @directive);
249
250 my $out = new IO::File ">$base.y"
251 or die;
252 print $out <<EOF;
253%error-verbose
254%debug
255%{
256#include <stdio.h>
257#include <stdlib.h>
258
259static int yylex (void);
260static void yyerror (const char *msg);
261%}
262$directives
263%union
264{
265 int val;
266};
267
268%token END "end"
269%type <val> exp input
270EOF
271
272 for my $size (1 .. $max)
273 {
274 print $out "%token t$size $size \"$size\"\n";
275 };
276
277print $out <<EOF;
278%%
279input:
280 exp { if (\$1 != 0) abort (); \$\$ = \$1; }
281| input exp { if (\$2 != \$1 + 1) abort (); \$\$ = \$2; }
282;
283
284exp:
285 END
286 { \$\$ = 0; }
287EOF
288
289for my $size (1 .. $max)
290 {
291 use Text::Wrap;
292 print $out wrap ("| ", " ",
293 (map { "\"$_\"" } (1 .. $size)),
294 " END \n"),
295 " { \$\$ = $size; }\n";
296 };
297print $out ";\n";
298
299print $out <<EOF;
300%%
301static int
302yylex (void)
303{
304 static int inner = 1;
305 static int outer = 0;
306 if (outer > $max)
307 return 0;
308 else if (inner > outer)
309 {
310 inner = 1;
311 ++outer;
312 return END;
313 }
314 return inner++;
315}
316
317static void
318yyerror (const char *msg)
319{
320 fprintf (stderr, "%s\\n", msg);
321}
322
323int
324main (void)
325{
326 yydebug = !!getenv ("YYDEBUG");
327 return yyparse ();
328}
329EOF
330}
331
332##################################################################
333
334=item C<calc_input ($base, $max)>
335
336Generate the input file F<$base.input> for the calc parser. The input
337is composed of two expressions. The first one is using left recursion
338only and consumes no stack. The second one requires a deep stack.
339These two expressions are repeated C<$max> times in the output file.
340
341=cut
342
343sub calc_input ($$)
344{
345 my ($base, $max) = @_;
346 my $out = new IO::File ">$base.input"
347 or die;
348 foreach (1 .. $max)
349 {
350 print $out "0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+10+11+12+13+14+15+16+17+18+19+20+21+22+23+24+25+26+27+28+29+30+31+32+33+34+35+36+37+38+39+40+41+42+43+44+45+46+47+48+49+50+51+52+53+54+55+56+57+58+59+60+61+62+63+64+65+66+67+68+69+70+71+72+73+74+75+76+77+78+79+80+81+82+83+84+85+86+87+88+89+90+91+92+93+94+95+96+97+98+99\n";
351 print $out "1+1*(2+2*(3+3*(4+4*(5+5*(6+6*(7+7*(8+8*(9+9*(10+10*(11+11*(12+12*(13+13*(14+14*(15+15*(16+16*(17+17*(18+18*(19+19*(20+20*(21+21*(22+22*(23+23*(24+24*(25+25*(26+26*(27+27*(28+28*(29+29*(30+30*(31+31*(32+32*(33+33*(34+34*(35+35*(36+36*(37+37*(38+38*(39+39*(40+40*(41+41*(42+42*(43+43*(44+44*(45+45*(46+46*(47+47*(48+48*(49+49*(50+50*(51+51*(52+52*(53+53*(54+54*(55+55*(56+56*(57+57*(58+58*(59+59*(60+60*(61+61*(62+62*(63+63*(64+64*(65+65*(66+66*(67+67*(68+68*(69+69*(70+70*(71+71*(72+72*(73+73*(74+74*(75+75*(76+76*(77+77*(78+78*(79+79*(80+80*(81+81*(82+82*(83+83*(84+84*(85+85*(86+86*(87+87*(88+88*(89+89*(90+90*(91+91*(92+92*(93+93*(94+94*(95+95*(96+96*(97+97*(98+98*(99+99*(100+100*(101+101*(102+102*(103+103*(104+104*(105+105*(106+106*(107+107*(108+108*(109+109*(110+110*(111+111*(112+112*(113+113*(114+114*(115+115*(116+116*(117+117*(118+118*(119+119*(120+120*(121+121*(122+122*(123+123*(124+124*(125+125*(126+126*(127+127*(128+128*(129+129*(130+130*(131+131*(132+132*(133+133*(134+134*(135+135*(136+136*(137+137*(138+138*(139+139*(140+140*(141+141*(142+142*(143+143*(144+144*(145+145*(146+146*(147+147*(148+148*(149+149*(150+150*(151+151*(152+152*(153+153*(154+154*(155+155*(156+156*(157+157*(158+158*(159+159*(160+160*(161+161*(162+162*(163+163*(164+164*(165+165*(166+166*(167+167*(168+168*(169+169*(170+170*(171+171*(172+172*(173+173*(174+174*(175+175*(176+176*(177+177*(178+178*(179+179*(180+180*(181+181*(182+182*(183+183*(184+184*(185+185*(186+186*(187+187*(188+188*(189+189*(190+190*(191+191*(192+192*(193+193*(194+194*(195+195*(196+196*(197+197*(198+198*(199+199*(200+200*(201+201*(202+202*(203+203*(204+204*(205+205*(206+206*(207+207*(208+208*(209+209*(210+210*(211+211*(212+212*(213+213*(214+214*(215+215*(216+216*(217+217*(218+218*(219+219*(220+220*(221+221*(222+222*(223+223*(224+224*(225+225*(226+226*(227+227*(228+228*(229+229*(230+230*(231+231*(232+232*(233+233*(234+234*(235+235*(236+236*(237+237*(238+238*(239+239*(240+240*(241+241*(242+242*(243+243*(244+244*(245+245*(246+246*(247+247*(248+248*(249+249*(250+250*(251+251*(252+252*(253+253*(254+254*(255+255*(256+256*(257+257*(258+258*(259+259*(260+260*(261+261*(262+262*(263+263*(264+264*(265+265*(266+266*(267+267*(268+268*(269+269*(270+270*(271+271*(272+272*(273+273*(274+274*(275+275*(276+276*(277+277*(278+278*(279+279*(280+280*(281+281*(282+282*(283+283*(284+284*(285+285*(286+286*(287+287*(288+288*(289+289*(290+290*(291+291*(292+292*(293+293*(294+294*(295+295*(296+296*(297+297*(298+298*(299+299*(300+300*(301+301*(302+302*(303+303*(304+304*(305+305*(306+306*(307+307*(308+308*(309+309*(310+310*(311+311*(312+312*(313+313*(314+314*(315+315*(316+316*(317+317*(318+318*(319+319*(320+320*(321+321*(322+322*(323+323*(324+324*(325+325*(326+326*(327+327*(328+328*(329+329*(330+330*(331+331*(332+332*(333+333*(334+334*(335+335*(336+336*(337+337*(338+338*(339+339*(340+340*(341+341*(342+342*(343+343*(344+344*(345+345*(346+346*(347+347*(348+348*(349+349*(350+350*(351+351*(352+352*(353+353*(354+354*(355+355*(356+356*(357+357*(358+358*(359+359*(360+360*(361+361*(362+362*(363+363*(364+364*(365+365*(366+366*(367+367*(368+368*(369+369*(370+370*(371+371*(372+372*(373+373*(374+374*(375+375*(376+376*(377+377*(378+378*(379+379*(380+380*(381+381*(382+382*(383+383*(384+384*(385+385*(386+386*(387+387*(388+388*(389+389*(390+390*(391+391*(392+392*(393+393*(394+394*(395+395*(396+396*(397+397*(398+398*(399+399*(400+400*(401+401*(402+402*(403+403*(404+404*(405+405*(406+406*(407+407*(408+408*(409+409*(410+410*(411+411*(412+412*(413+413*(414+414*(415+415*(416+416*(417+417*(418+418*(419+419*(420+420*(421+421*(422+422*(423+423*(424+424*(425+425*(426+426*(427+427*(428+428*(429+429*(430+430*(431+431*(432+432*(433+433*(434+434*(435+435*(436+436*(437+437*(438+438*(439+439*(440+440*(441+441*(442+442*(443+443*(444+444*(445+445*(446+446*(447+447*(448+448*(449+449*(450+450*(451+451*(452+452*(453+453*(454+454*(455+455*(456+456*(457+457*(458+458*(459+459*(460+460*(461+461*(462+462*(463+463*(464+464*(465+465*(466+466*(467+467*(468+468*(469+469*(470+470*(471+471*(472+472*(473+473*(474+474*(475+475*(476+476*(477+477*(478+478*(479+479*(480+480*(481+481*(482+482*(483+483*(484+484*(485+485*(486+486*(487+487*(488+488*(489+489*(490+490*(491+491*(492+492*(493+493*(494+494*(495+495*(496+496*(497+497*(498+498*(499+499*(500+500*(501+501*(502+502*(503+503*(504+504*(505+505*(506+506*(507+507*(508+508*(509+509*(510+510*(511+511*(512+512*(513+513*(514+514*(515+515*(516+516*(517+517*(518+518*(519+519*(520+520*(521+521*(522+522*(523+523*(524+524*(525+525*(526+526*(527+527*(528+528*(529+529*(530+530*(531+531*(532+532*(533+533*(534+534*(535+535*(536+536*(537+537*(538+538*(539+539*(540+540*(541+541*(542+542*(543+543*(544+544*(545+545*(546+546*(547+547*(548+548*(549+549*(550+550*(551+551*(552+552*(553+553*(554+554*(555+555*(556+556*(557+557*(558+558*(559+559*(560+560*(561+561*(562+562*(563+563*(564+564*(565+565*(566+566*(567+567*(568+568*(569+569*(570+570*(571+571*(572+572*(573+573*(574+574*(575+575*(576+576*(577+577*(578+578*(579+579*(580+580*(581+581*(582+582*(583+583*(584+584*(585+585*(586+586*(587+587*(588+588*(589+589*(590+590*(591+591*(592+592*(593+593*(594+594*(595+595*(596+596*(597+597*(598+598*(599+599*(600+600*(601+601*(602+602*(603+603*(604+604*(605+605*(606+606*(607+607*(608+608*(609+609*(610+610*(611+611*(612+612*(613+613*(614+614*(615+615*(616+616*(617+617*(618+618*(619+619*(620+620*(621+621*(622+622*(623+623*(624+624*(625+625*(626+626*(627+627*(628+628*(629+629*(630+630*(631+631*(632+632*(633+633*(634+634*(635+635*(636+636*(637+637*(638+638*(639+639*(640+640*(641+641*(642+642*(643+643*(644+644*(645+645*(646+646*(647+647*(648+648*(649+649*(650+650*(651+651*(652+652*(653+653*(654+654*(655+655*(656+656*(657+657*(658+658*(659+659*(660+660*(661+661*(662+662*(663+663*(664+664*(665+665*(666+666*(667+667*(668+668*(669+669*(670+670*(671+671*(672+672*(673+673*(674+674*(675+675*(676+676*(677+677*(678+678*(679+679*(680+680*(681+681*(682+682*(683+683*(684+684*(685+685*(686+686*(687+687*(688+688*(689+689*(690+690*(691+691*(692+692*(693+693*(694+694*(695+695*(696+696*(697+697*(698+698*(699+699*(700+700*(701+701*(702+702*(703+703*(704+704*(705+705*(706+706*(707+707*(708+708*(709+709*(710+710*(711+711*(712+712*(713+713*(714+714*(715+715*(716+716*(717+717*(718+718*(719+719*(720+720*(721+721*(722+722*(723+723*(724+724*(725+725*(726+726*(727+727*(728+728*(729+729*(730+730*(731+731*(732+732*(733+733*(734+734*(735+735*(736+736*(737+737*(738+738*(739+739*(740+740*(741+741*(742+742*(743+743*(744+744*(745+745*(746+746*(747+747*(748+748*(749+749*(750+750*(751+751*(752+752*(753+753*(754+754*(755+755*(756+756*(757+757*(758+758*(759+759*(760+760*(761+761*(762+762*(763+763*(764+764*(765+765*(766+766*(767+767*(768+768*(769+769*(770+770*(771+771*(772+772*(773+773*(774+774*(775+775*(776+776*(777+777*(778+778*(779+779*(780+780*(781+781*(782+782*(783+783*(784+784*(785+785*(786+786*(787+787*(788+788*(789+789*(790+790*(791+791*(792+792*(793+793*(794+794*(795+795*(796+796*(797+797*(798+798*(799+799*(800+800*(801+801*(802+802*(803+803*(804+804*(805+805*(806+806*(807+807*(808+808*(809+809*(810+810*(811+811*(812+812*(813+813*(814+814*(815+815*(816+816*(817+817*(818+818*(819+819*(820+820*(821+821*(822+822*(823+823*(824+824*(825+825*(826+826*(827+827*(828+828*(829+829*(830+830*(831+831*(832+832*(833+833*(834+834*(835+835*(836+836*(837+837*(838+838*(839+839*(840+840*(841+841*(842+842*(843+843*(844+844*(845+845*(846+846*(847+847*(848+848*(849+849*(850+850*(851+851*(852+852*(853+853*(854+854*(855+855*(856+856*(857+857*(858+858*(859+859*(860+860*(861+861*(862+862*(863+863*(864+864*(865+865*(866+866*(867+867*(868+868*(869+869*(870+870*(871+871*(872+872*(873+873*(874+874*(875+875*(876+876*(877+877*(878+878*(879+879*(880+880*(881+881*(882+882*(883+883*(884+884*(885+885*(886+886*(887+887*(888+888*(889+889*(890+890*(891+891*(892+892*(893+893*(894+894*(895+895*(896+896*(897+897*(898+898*(899+899*(900+900*(901+901*(902+902*(903+903*(904+904*(905+905*(906+906*(907+907*(908+908*(909+909*(910+910*(911+911*(912+912*(913+913*(914+914*(915+915*(916+916*(917+917*(918+918*(919+919*(920+920*(921+921*(922+922*(923+923*(924+924*(925+925*(926+926*(927+927*(928+928*(929+929*(930+930*(931+931*(932+932*(933+933*(934+934*(935+935*(936+936*(937+937*(938+938*(939+939*(940+940*(941+941*(942+942*(943+943*(944+944*(945+945*(946+946*(947+947*(948+948*(949+949*(950+950*(951+951*(952+952*(953+953*(954+954*(955+955*(956+956*(957+957*(958+958*(959+959*(960+960*(961+961*(962+962*(963+963*(964+964*(965+965*(966+966*(967+967*(968+968*(969+969*(970+970*(971+971*(972+972*(973+973*(974+974*(975+975*(976+976*(977+977*(978+978*(979+979*(980+980*(981+981*(982+982*(983+983*(984+984*(985+985*(986+986*(987+987*(988+988*(989+989*(990+990*(991+991*(992+992*(993+993*(994+994*(995+995*(996+996*(997+997*(998+998*(999+999*(1000+1000*(1001))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))\n";
352 }
353}
354
355##################################################################
356
357=item C<generate_grammar_calc ($base, $max, @directive)>
358
359Generate a Bison file F<$base.y> for a calculator parser in C. Pass
360the additional Bison C<@directive>. C<$max> is ignored, but left to
361have the same interface as C<triangular_grammar>.
362
363=cut
364
365sub generate_grammar_calc ($$@)
366{
367 my ($base, $max, @directive) = @_;
368 my $directives = directives ($base, @directive);
369
370 # Putting this request here is stupid, since the input will be
371 # generated each time we generate a grammar.
372 calc_input ('calc', 200);
373
374 my $out = new IO::File ">$base.y"
375 or die;
376 print $out <<EOF;
377%{
378#include <stdio.h>
379
380#include <stdlib.h>
381#include <string.h>
382#include <ctype.h>
383#define USE(Var)
384
385/* Exercise pre-prologue dependency to %union. */
386typedef int semantic_value;
387
388static semantic_value global_result = 0;
389static int global_count = 0;
390%}
391
392$directives
393%error-verbose
394/* Exercise %union. */
395%union
396{
397 semantic_value ival;
398};
399
400%{
401static int power (int base, int exponent);
402/* yyerror receives the location if:
403 - %location & %pure & %glr
404 - %location & %pure & %yacc & %parse-param. */
405static void yyerror (const char *s);
406#if YYPURE
407static int yylex (YYSTYPE* yylvalp);
408#else
409static int yylex (void);
410#endif
411%}
412
413/* Bison Declarations */
414%token CALC_EOF 0 "end of input"
415%token <ival> NUM "number"
416%type <ival> exp
417
418%nonassoc '=' /* comparison */
419%left '-' '+'
420%left '*' '/'
421%left NEG /* negation--unary minus */
422%right '^' /* exponentiation */
423
424/* Grammar follows */
425%%
426input:
427 line
428| input line
429;
430
431line:
432 '\\n'
433| exp '\\n' { USE (\$1); }
434;
435
436exp:
437 NUM { \$\$ = \$1; }
438| exp '=' exp
439 {
440 if (\$1 != \$3)
441 fprintf (stderr, "calc: error: %d != %d\\n", \$1, \$3);
442 \$\$ = \$1;
443 }
444| exp '+' exp { \$\$ = \$1 + \$3; }
445| exp '-' exp { \$\$ = \$1 - \$3; }
446| exp '*' exp { \$\$ = \$1 * \$3; }
447| exp '/' exp { \$\$ = \$1 / \$3; }
448| '-' exp %prec NEG { \$\$ = -\$2; }
449| exp '^' exp { \$\$ = power (\$1, \$3); }
450| '(' exp ')' { \$\$ = \$2; }
451| '(' error ')' { \$\$ = 1111; }
452| '!' { \$\$ = 0; YYERROR; }
453| '-' error { \$\$ = 0; YYERROR; }
454;
455%%
456/* The input. */
457static FILE *input;
458
459static void
460yyerror (const char *s)
461{
462 fprintf (stderr, "%s\\n", s);
463}
464
465static int
466get_char (void)
467{
468 return getc (input);
469}
470
471
472static void
473unget_char ( int c)
474{
475 ungetc (c, input);
476}
477
478static int
479read_signed_integer (void)
480{
481 int c = get_char ();
482 int sign = 1;
483 int n = 0;
484
485 if (c == '-')
486 {
487 c = get_char ();
488 sign = -1;
489 }
490
491 while (isdigit (c))
492 {
493 n = 10 * n + (c - '0');
494 c = get_char ();
495 }
496
497 unget_char (c);
498
499 return sign * n;
500}
501
502static int
503#if YYPURE
504# define yylval (*yylvalp)
505yylex (YYSTYPE* yylvalp)
506#else
507yylex (void)
508#endif
509{
510 int c;
511
512 /* Skip white space. */
513 while ((c = get_char ()) == ' ' || c == '\t')
514 continue;
515
516 /* process numbers */
517 if (c == '.' || isdigit (c))
518 {
519 unget_char ( c);
520 yylval.ival = read_signed_integer ();
521 return NUM;
522 }
523
524 /* Return end-of-file. */
525 if (c == EOF)
526 return CALC_EOF;
527
528 /* Return single chars. */
529 return c;
530}
531
532static int
533power (int base, int exponent)
534{
535 int res = 1;
536 if (exponent < 0)
537 exit (3);
538 for (/* Niente */; exponent; --exponent)
539 res *= base;
540 return res;
541}
542
543
544int
545main (int argc, const char **argv)
546{
547 semantic_value result = 0;
548 int count = 0;
549 int status;
550
551 input = fopen ("calc.input", "r");
552 if (!input)
553 {
554 perror ("calc.input");
555 return 3;
556 }
557
558 status = yyparse ();
559 if (global_result != result)
560 abort ();
561 if (global_count != count)
562 abort ();
563
564 return status;
565}
566EOF
567}
568
569##################################################################
570
571=item C<generate_grammar_list ($base, $max, @directive)>
572
573Generate a Bison file F<$base.y> for a C++ parser that uses C++
574objects (std::string, std::list). Tailored for using %define variant.
575
576=cut
577
578sub generate_grammar_list ($$@)
579{
580 my ($base, $max, @directive) = @_;
581 my $directives = directives ($base, @directive);
582 my $variant = grep { /%define "?variant"?/ } @directive;
583 my $out = new IO::File ">$base.y"
584 or die;
585 print $out <<EOF;
586%language "C++"
587%defines
588$directives
589
590%code requires // *.h
591{
592#include <string>
593}
594
595%code // *.c
596{
597#include <algorithm>
598#include <iostream>
599#include <sstream>
600
601// Prototype of the yylex function providing subsequent tokens.
602static yy::parser::token_type yylex(yy::parser::semantic_type* yylval);
603
604#define STAGE_MAX ($max * 10) // max = $max
605
606#define USE_VARIANTS $variant
607#if USE_VARIANTS
608# define IF_VARIANTS(True, False) True
609#else
610# define IF_VARIANTS(True, False) False
611#endif
612
613#ifdef ONE_STAGE_BUILD
614# define IF_ONE_STAGE_BUILD(True, False) True
615#else
616# define IF_ONE_STAGE_BUILD(True, False) False
617#endif
618}
619EOF
620
621 if ($variant)
622 {
623 print $out <<'EOF';
624%token <std::string> TEXT
625%token <int> NUMBER
626%printer { std::cerr << "Number: " << $$; } <int>
627%printer { std::cerr << "Text: " << $$; } <std::string>
628%token END_OF_FILE 0
629%type <std::string> text result
630
631%%
632result:
633 text { /* Throw away the result. */ }
634;
635
636text:
637 /* nothing */ { /* This will generate an empty string */ }
638| text TEXT { std::swap ($$, $2); }
639| text NUMBER {
640 std::ostringstream ss;
641 ss << ' ' << $2;
642 $$ = ss.str();
643 }
644;
645EOF
646 }
647 else
648 {
649 # Not using Bison variants.
650 print $out <<'EOF';
651%union {int ival; std::string* sval;}
652%token <sval> TEXT
653%token <ival> NUMBER
654%printer { std::cerr << "Number: " << $$; } <ival>
655%printer { std::cerr << "Text: " << *$$; } <sval>
656%token END_OF_FILE 0
657%type <sval> text result
658
659%%
660result:
661 text { delete $1; }
662;
663
664text:
665 /* nothing */ { $$ = new std::string; }
666| text TEXT { delete $1; $$ = $2; }
667| text NUMBER {
668 delete $1;
669 std::ostringstream ss;
670 ss << ' ' << $2;
671 $$ = new std::string (ss.str());
672 }
673;
674EOF
675 }
676
677 print $out <<'EOF';
678%%
679static
680yy::parser::token_type
681yylex(yy::parser::semantic_type* yylval)
682{
683 static int stage = -1;
684 ++stage;
685 if (stage == STAGE_MAX)
686 return yy::parser::token::END_OF_FILE;
687 else if (stage % 2)
688 {
689#if USE_VARIANTS
690# ifdef ONE_STAGE_BUILD
691 yylval->build(stage);
692# else
693 yylval->build<int>() = stage;
694# endif
695#else
696 yylval->ival = stage;
697#endif
698 return yy::parser::token::NUMBER;
699 }
700 else
701 {
702#if USE_VARIANTS
703# ifdef ONE_STAGE_BUILD
704 yylval->build(std::string("A string."));
705# else
706 yylval->build<std::string>() = std::string("A string.");
707# endif
708#else
709 yylval->sval = new std::string("A string.");
710#endif
711 return yy::parser::token::TEXT;
712 }
713 abort();
714}
715
716// Mandatory error function
717void
718yy::parser::error(const yy::parser::location_type& yylloc,
719 const std::string& message)
720{
721 std::cerr << yylloc << ": " << message << std::endl;
722}
723
724int main(int argc, char *argv[])
725{
726 yy::parser p;
727#if YYDEBUG
728 p.set_debug_level(!!getenv("YYDEBUG"));
729#endif
730 p.parse();
731 return 0;
732}
733EOF
734}
735
736##################################################################
737
738=item C<generate_grammar ($name, $base, @directive)>
739
740Generate F<$base.y> by calling C<&generate_grammar_$name>.
741
742=cut
743
744sub generate_grammar ($$@)
745{
746 my ($name, $base, @directive) = @_;
747 verbose 3, "Generating $base.y\n";
748 my %generator =
749 (
750 "calc" => \&generate_grammar_calc,
751 "list" => \&generate_grammar_list,
752 "triangular" => \&generate_grammar_triangular,
753 );
754 &{$generator{$name}}($base, 200, @directive);
755}
756
757##################################################################
758
759=item C<run ($command)>
760
761Run, possibly verbosely, the shell C<$command>.
762
763=cut
764
765sub run ($)
766{
767 my ($command) = @_;
768 verbose 3, "$command\n";
769 system ("$command") == 0
770 or die "$command failed";
771}
772
773##################################################################
774
775=item C<compile ($base)>
776
777Compile C<$base.y> to an executable C, Using the C or C++ compiler
778depending on the %language specification in C<$base.y>.
779
780=cut
781
782sub compile ($)
783{
784 my ($base) = @_;
785 my $language = `sed -ne '/%language "\\(.*\\)"/{s//\\1/;p;q;}' $base.y`;
786 chomp $language;
787
788 my $compiler = $language eq 'C++' ? $cxx : $cc;
789
790 run "$bison $base.y -o $base.c";
791 run "$compiler -o $base $cflags $base.c";
792}
793
794######################################################################
795
796=item C<bench ($grammar, @token)>
797
798Generate benches for the C<$grammar> and the directive specification
799given in the list of C<@token>.
800
801=cut
802
803sub bench ($@)
804{
805 my ($grammar, @token) = @_;
806 use Benchmark qw (:all :hireswallclock);
807
808 my @directive = parse (@token);
809
810 # Set up the benches as expected by timethese.
811 my %bench;
812 # A counter of directive sets.
813 my $count = 1;
814 for my $d (@directive)
815 {
816 $bench{$count} = $d;
817 printf " %2d. %s\n", $count, join (' ', split ("\n", $d));
818 $count++;
819 };
820
821 # For each bench, capture the size.
822 my %size;
823
824 while (my ($name, $directives) = each %bench)
825 {
826 generate_grammar ($grammar, $name, $directives);
827 # Compile the executable.
828 compile ($name);
829 $bench{$name} = "system ('./$name');";
830 chop($size{$name} = `wc -c <$name`);
831 }
832
833 # Run the benches.
834 #
835 # STYLE can be any of 'all', 'none', 'noc', 'nop' or 'auto'. 'all'
836 # shows each of the 5 times available ('wallclock' time, user time,
837 # system time, user time of children, and system time of
838 # children). 'noc' shows all except the two children times. 'nop'
839 # shows only wallclock and the two children times. 'auto' (the
840 # default) will act as 'all' unless the children times are both
841 # zero, in which case it acts as 'noc'. 'none' prevents output.
842 verbose 3, "Running the benches for $grammar\n";
843 my $res = timethese ($iterations, \%bench, 'nop');
844
845 # Output the speed result.
846 cmpthese ($res, 'nop');
847
848 # Display the sizes.
849 print "Sizes (decreasing):\n";
850 my $width = 10;
851 for my $bench (keys %size)
852 {
853 $width = length $bench
854 if $width < length $bench;
855 }
856 # Benches sorted by decreasing size.
857 my @benches_per_size = sort {$size{$b} <=> $size{$a}} keys %size;
858 for my $bench (@benches_per_size)
859 {
860 printf "%${width}s: %5.2fkB\n", $bench, $size{$bench} / 1024;
861 }
862}
863
864######################################################################
865
866=item C<bench_push_parser ()>
867
868Bench the C push parser against the pull parser, pure and impure
869interfaces.
870
871=cut
872
873sub bench_push_parser ()
874{
875 bench ('calc',
876 qw(
877 [ %d api.pure ]
878 &
879 [ %d api.push_pull=both ]
880 ));
881}
882
883######################################################################
884
885=item C<bench_variant_parser ()>
886
887Bench the C++ lalr1.cc parser using Boost.Variants or %union.
888
889=cut
890
891sub bench_variant_parser ()
892{
893 bench ('list',
894 qw(
895 [ %debug ]
896 &
897 [ %d variant
898 &
899 [ #d VARIANT_DESTROY ]
900 &
901 [ #d ONE_STAGE_BUILD ]
902 ]
903 )
904 );
905}
906
907######################################################################
908
909=item C<bench_fusion_parser ()>
910
911Bench the C++ lalr1.cc parser using Boost.Variants or %union.
912
913=cut
914
915sub bench_fusion_parser ()
916{
917 bench ('list',
918 qw(
919 %s lalr1-split.cc
920 |
921 %s lalr1.cc
922 )
923 );
924}
925
926############################################################################
927
928sub help ($)
929{
930 my ($verbose) = @_;
931 use Pod::Usage;
932 # See <URL:http://perldoc.perl.org/pod2man.html#NOTES>.
933 pod2usage( { -message => "Bench Bison parsers",
934 -exitval => 0,
935 -verbose => $verbose,
936 -output => \*STDOUT });
937}
938
939######################################################################
940
941# The end of the directives to parse.
942my $eod = "end of directives";
943# The list of tokens parsed by the following functions.
944my @token;
945
946# eat ($EXPECTED)
947# ---------------
948# Check that the current token is $EXPECTED, and move to the next.
949sub eat ($)
950{
951 my ($expected) = @_;
952 die "expected $expected, unexpected: $token[0] (@token)\n"
953 unless $token[0] eq $expected;
954 shift @token;
955}
956
957# Parse directive specifications:
958# expr: term (| term)*
959# term: fact (& fact)*
960# fact: ( expr ) | [ expr ] | dirs
961# dirs: %s SKELETON | #d NAME[=VALUE] | %d NAME[=VALUE] | directive
962sub parse (@)
963{
964 @token = (@_, $eod);
965 verbose 3, "Parsing: @token\n";
966 my @res = parse_expr ();
967 eat ($eod);
968 return @res;
969}
970
971sub parse_expr ()
972{
973 my @res = parse_term ();
974 while ($token[0] eq '|')
975 {
976 eat ('|');
977 # Alternation.
978 push @res, parse_term ();
979 }
980 return @res;
981}
982
983sub parse_term ()
984{
985 my @res = parse_fact ();
986 while ($token[0] eq '&')
987 {
988 eat ('&');
989 # Cartesian product.
990 my @lhs = @res;
991 @res = ();
992 for my $rhs (parse_fact ())
993 {
994 for my $lhs (@lhs)
995 {
996 push @res, "$lhs\n$rhs";
997 }
998 }
999 }
1000 return @res;
1001}
1002
1003sub parse_fact ()
1004{
1005 my @res;
1006 die "unexpected end of expression"
1007 unless defined $token[0];
1008
1009 if ($token[0] eq '(')
1010 {
1011 eat ('(');
1012 @res = parse_expr ();
1013 eat (')');
1014 }
1015 elsif ($token[0] eq '[')
1016 {
1017 eat ('[');
1018 @res = (parse_expr (), '');
1019 eat (']');
1020 }
1021 else
1022 {
1023 @res = parse_dirs ();
1024 }
1025 return @res;
1026}
1027
1028sub parse_dirs ()
1029{
1030 my @res;
1031 die "unexpected end of expression"
1032 unless defined $token[0];
1033
1034 if ($token[0] eq '#d')
1035 {
1036 eat ('#d');
1037 $token[0] =~ s/(.*?)=(.*)/$1 $2/;
1038 @res = ("%code {\n#define $token[0]\n}");
1039 shift @token;
1040 }
1041 elsif ($token[0] eq '%d')
1042 {
1043 shift @token;
1044 $token[0] =~ s/(.*?)=(.*)/$1 "$2"/;
1045 @res = ("%define $token[0]");
1046 shift @token;
1047 }
1048 elsif ($token[0] eq '%s')
1049 {
1050 shift @token;
1051 @res = ("%skeleton \"$token[0]\"");
1052 shift @token;
1053 }
1054 else
1055 {
1056 @res = $token[0];
1057 shift @token;
1058 }
1059
1060 return @res;
1061}
1062
1063######################################################################
1064
1065sub getopt ()
1066{
1067 use Getopt::Long;
1068 my %option = (
1069 "b|bench=s" => \$bench,
1070 "c|cflags=s" => \$cflags,
1071 "d|directive=s" => \@directive,
1072 "g|grammar=s" => \$grammar,
1073 "h|help" => sub { help ($verbose) },
1074 "i|iterations=i" => \$iterations,
1075 "q|quiet" => sub { --$verbose },
1076 "v|verbose" => sub { ++$verbose },
1077 );
1078 Getopt::Long::Configure ("bundling", "pass_through");
1079 GetOptions (%option)
1080 or exit 1;
1081}
1082
1083######################################################################
1084
1085getopt;
1086
1087# Create the directory we work in.
1088mkdir "benches" or die "cannot create benches"
1089 unless -d "benches";
1090my $count = 1;
1091++$count
1092 while -d "benches/$count";
1093my $dir = "benches/$count";
1094mkdir $dir
1095 or die "cannot create $dir";
1096chdir $dir
1097 or die "cannot chdir $dir";
1098
1099# The following message is tailored to please Emacs' compilation-mode.
1100verbose 1, "Entering directory `$dir'\n";
1101verbose 1, "Using bison=$bison.\n";
1102verbose 2, "Using cc=$cc.\n";
1103verbose 2, "Using cxx=$cxx.\n";
1104verbose 2, "Using cflags=$cflags.\n";
1105verbose 2, "Grammar: $grammar\n";
1106
1107
1108# Support -b: predefined benches.
1109my %bench =
1110 (
1111 "fusion" => \&bench_fusion_parser,
1112 "push" => \&bench_push_parser,
1113 "variant" => \&bench_variant_parser,
1114 );
1115
1116if (defined $bench)
1117{
1118 die "invalid argument for --bench: $bench"
1119 unless defined $bench{$bench};
1120 &{$bench{$bench}}();
1121 exit 0;
1122}
1123else
1124{
1125 # Launch the bench marking.
1126 bench ($grammar, @ARGV);
1127}
1128
1129### Setup "GNU" style for perl-mode and cperl-mode.
1130## Local Variables:
1131## perl-indent-level: 2
1132## perl-continued-statement-offset: 2
1133## perl-continued-brace-offset: 0
1134## perl-brace-offset: 0
1135## perl-brace-imaginary-offset: 0
1136## perl-label-offset: -2
1137## cperl-indent-level: 2
1138## cperl-brace-offset: 0
1139## cperl-continued-brace-offset: 0
1140## cperl-label-offset: -2
1141## cperl-extra-newline-before-brace: t
1142## cperl-merge-trailing-else: nil
1143## cperl-continued-statement-offset: 2
1144## End: