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1 | /* Find and resolve or report look-ahead conflicts for bison, | |
2 | Copyright 1984, 1989, 1992, 2000, 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc. | |
3 | ||
4 | This file is part of Bison, the GNU Compiler Compiler. | |
5 | ||
6 | Bison is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it | |
7 | under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by | |
8 | the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) | |
9 | any later version. | |
10 | ||
11 | Bison is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but | |
12 | WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of | |
13 | MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU | |
14 | General Public License for more details. | |
15 | ||
16 | You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License | |
17 | along with Bison; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the Free | |
18 | Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA | |
19 | 02111-1307, USA. */ | |
20 | ||
21 | #include "system.h" | |
22 | #include "complain.h" | |
23 | #include "getargs.h" | |
24 | #include "symtab.h" | |
25 | #include "files.h" | |
26 | #include "gram.h" | |
27 | #include "state.h" | |
28 | #include "lalr.h" | |
29 | #include "conflicts.h" | |
30 | #include "reader.h" | |
31 | #include "LR0.h" | |
32 | ||
33 | /* -1 stands for not specified. */ | |
34 | int expected_conflicts = -1; | |
35 | static char *conflicts = NULL; | |
36 | ||
37 | static unsigned *shiftset = NULL; | |
38 | static unsigned *lookaheadset = NULL; | |
39 | \f | |
40 | ||
41 | static inline void | |
42 | log_resolution (state_t *state, int LAno, int token, char *resolution) | |
43 | { | |
44 | if (verbose_flag) | |
45 | obstack_fgrow4 (&output_obstack, | |
46 | _("\ | |
47 | Conflict in state %d between rule %d and token %s resolved as %s.\n"), | |
48 | state->number, LAruleno[LAno], symbols[token]->tag, | |
49 | resolution); | |
50 | } | |
51 | ||
52 | ||
53 | /*------------------------------------------------------------------. | |
54 | | Turn off the shift recorded for the specified token in the | | |
55 | | specified state. Used when we resolve a shift-reduce conflict in | | |
56 | | favor of the reduction. | | |
57 | `------------------------------------------------------------------*/ | |
58 | ||
59 | static void | |
60 | flush_shift (state_t *state, int token) | |
61 | { | |
62 | shifts *shiftp = state->shifts; | |
63 | int i; | |
64 | ||
65 | RESETBIT (lookaheadset, token); | |
66 | for (i = 0; i < shiftp->nshifts; i++) | |
67 | if (!SHIFT_IS_DISABLED (shiftp, i) && SHIFT_SYMBOL (shiftp, i) == token) | |
68 | SHIFT_DISABLE (shiftp, i); | |
69 | } | |
70 | ||
71 | ||
72 | /*-------------------------------------------------------------------. | |
73 | | Turn off the reduce recorded for the specified token for the | | |
74 | | specified lookahead. Used when we resolve a shift-reduce conflict | | |
75 | | in favor of the shift. | | |
76 | `-------------------------------------------------------------------*/ | |
77 | ||
78 | static void | |
79 | flush_reduce (int lookahead, int token) | |
80 | { | |
81 | RESETBIT (LA (lookahead), token); | |
82 | } | |
83 | ||
84 | ||
85 | /*------------------------------------------------------------------. | |
86 | | Attempt to resolve shift-reduce conflict for one rule by means of | | |
87 | | precedence declarations. It has already been checked that the | | |
88 | | rule has a precedence. A conflict is resolved by modifying the | | |
89 | | shift or reduce tables so that there is no longer a conflict. | | |
90 | `------------------------------------------------------------------*/ | |
91 | ||
92 | static void | |
93 | resolve_sr_conflict (state_t *state, int lookahead) | |
94 | { | |
95 | int i; | |
96 | /* find the rule to reduce by to get precedence of reduction */ | |
97 | int redprec = rules[LAruleno[lookahead]].prec; | |
98 | errs *errp = errs_new (ntokens + 1); | |
99 | errp->nerrs = 0; | |
100 | ||
101 | for (i = 0; i < ntokens; i++) | |
102 | if (BITISSET (LA (lookahead), i) | |
103 | && BITISSET (lookaheadset, i) | |
104 | && symbols[i]->prec) | |
105 | { | |
106 | /* Shift-reduce conflict occurs for token number i | |
107 | and it has a precedence. | |
108 | The precedence of shifting is that of token i. */ | |
109 | if (symbols[i]->prec < redprec) | |
110 | { | |
111 | log_resolution (state, lookahead, i, _("reduce")); | |
112 | flush_shift (state, i); | |
113 | } | |
114 | else if (symbols[i]->prec > redprec) | |
115 | { | |
116 | log_resolution (state, lookahead, i, _("shift")); | |
117 | flush_reduce (lookahead, i); | |
118 | } | |
119 | else | |
120 | /* Matching precedence levels. | |
121 | For left association, keep only the reduction. | |
122 | For right association, keep only the shift. | |
123 | For nonassociation, keep neither. */ | |
124 | ||
125 | switch (symbols[i]->assoc) | |
126 | { | |
127 | case right_assoc: | |
128 | log_resolution (state, lookahead, i, _("shift")); | |
129 | flush_reduce (lookahead, i); | |
130 | break; | |
131 | ||
132 | case left_assoc: | |
133 | log_resolution (state, lookahead, i, _("reduce")); | |
134 | flush_shift (state, i); | |
135 | break; | |
136 | ||
137 | case non_assoc: | |
138 | log_resolution (state, lookahead, i, _("an error")); | |
139 | flush_shift (state, i); | |
140 | flush_reduce (lookahead, i); | |
141 | /* Record an explicit error for this token. */ | |
142 | errp->errs[errp->nerrs++] = i; | |
143 | break; | |
144 | } | |
145 | } | |
146 | ||
147 | /* Some tokens have been explicitly made errors. Allocate a | |
148 | permanent errs structure for this state, to record them. */ | |
149 | state->errs = errs_dup (errp); | |
150 | free (errp); | |
151 | } | |
152 | ||
153 | ||
154 | static void | |
155 | set_conflicts (state_t *state) | |
156 | { | |
157 | int i, j; | |
158 | shifts *shiftp; | |
159 | ||
160 | if (state->consistent) | |
161 | return; | |
162 | ||
163 | for (i = 0; i < tokensetsize; i++) | |
164 | lookaheadset[i] = 0; | |
165 | ||
166 | shiftp = state->shifts; | |
167 | for (i = 0; i < shiftp->nshifts && SHIFT_IS_SHIFT (shiftp, i); i++) | |
168 | if (!SHIFT_IS_DISABLED (shiftp, i)) | |
169 | SETBIT (lookaheadset, SHIFT_SYMBOL (shiftp, i)); | |
170 | ||
171 | /* Loop over all rules which require lookahead in this state. First | |
172 | check for shift-reduce conflict, and try to resolve using | |
173 | precedence */ | |
174 | for (i = 0; i < state->nlookaheads; ++i) | |
175 | if (rules[LAruleno[state->lookaheadsp + i]].prec) | |
176 | for (j = 0; j < tokensetsize; ++j) | |
177 | if (LA (state->lookaheadsp + i)[j] & lookaheadset[j]) | |
178 | { | |
179 | resolve_sr_conflict (state, state->lookaheadsp + i); | |
180 | break; | |
181 | } | |
182 | ||
183 | ||
184 | /* Loop over all rules which require lookahead in this state. Check | |
185 | for conflicts not resolved above. */ | |
186 | for (i = 0; i < state->nlookaheads; ++i) | |
187 | { | |
188 | for (j = 0; j < tokensetsize; ++j) | |
189 | if (LA (state->lookaheadsp + i)[j] & lookaheadset[j]) | |
190 | conflicts[state->number] = 1; | |
191 | ||
192 | for (j = 0; j < tokensetsize; ++j) | |
193 | lookaheadset[j] |= LA (state->lookaheadsp + i)[j]; | |
194 | } | |
195 | } | |
196 | ||
197 | void | |
198 | solve_conflicts (void) | |
199 | { | |
200 | int i; | |
201 | ||
202 | conflicts = XCALLOC (char, nstates); | |
203 | shiftset = XCALLOC (unsigned, tokensetsize); | |
204 | lookaheadset = XCALLOC (unsigned, tokensetsize); | |
205 | ||
206 | for (i = 0; i < nstates; i++) | |
207 | set_conflicts (states[i]); | |
208 | } | |
209 | ||
210 | ||
211 | /*---------------------------------------------. | |
212 | | Count the number of shift/reduce conflicts. | | |
213 | `---------------------------------------------*/ | |
214 | ||
215 | static int | |
216 | count_sr_conflicts (state_t *state) | |
217 | { | |
218 | int i, k; | |
219 | int src_count = 0; | |
220 | shifts *shiftp = state->shifts; | |
221 | ||
222 | if (!shiftp) | |
223 | return 0; | |
224 | ||
225 | for (i = 0; i < tokensetsize; i++) | |
226 | { | |
227 | shiftset[i] = 0; | |
228 | lookaheadset[i] = 0; | |
229 | } | |
230 | ||
231 | for (i = 0; i < shiftp->nshifts && SHIFT_IS_SHIFT (shiftp, i); i++) | |
232 | if (!SHIFT_IS_DISABLED (shiftp, i)) | |
233 | SETBIT (shiftset, SHIFT_SYMBOL (shiftp, i)); | |
234 | ||
235 | for (i = 0; i < state->nlookaheads; ++i) | |
236 | for (k = 0; k < tokensetsize; ++k) | |
237 | lookaheadset[k] |= LA (state->lookaheadsp + i)[k]; | |
238 | ||
239 | for (k = 0; k < tokensetsize; ++k) | |
240 | lookaheadset[k] &= shiftset[k]; | |
241 | ||
242 | for (i = 0; i < ntokens; i++) | |
243 | if (BITISSET (lookaheadset, i)) | |
244 | src_count++; | |
245 | ||
246 | return src_count; | |
247 | } | |
248 | ||
249 | ||
250 | /*----------------------------------------------. | |
251 | | Count the number of reduce/reduce conflicts. | | |
252 | `----------------------------------------------*/ | |
253 | ||
254 | static int | |
255 | count_rr_conflicts (state_t *state) | |
256 | { | |
257 | int i; | |
258 | int rrc_count = 0; | |
259 | ||
260 | if (state->nlookaheads < 2) | |
261 | return 0; | |
262 | ||
263 | for (i = 0; i < ntokens; i++) | |
264 | { | |
265 | int count = 0; | |
266 | int j; | |
267 | for (j = 0; j < state->nlookaheads; ++j) | |
268 | if (BITISSET (LA (state->lookaheadsp + j), i)) | |
269 | count++; | |
270 | ||
271 | if (count >= 2) | |
272 | rrc_count++; | |
273 | } | |
274 | ||
275 | return rrc_count; | |
276 | } | |
277 | ||
278 | /*--------------------------------------------------------------. | |
279 | | Return a human readable string which reports shift/reduce and | | |
280 | | reduce/reduce conflict numbers (SRC_NUM, RRC_NUM). | | |
281 | `--------------------------------------------------------------*/ | |
282 | ||
283 | static const char * | |
284 | conflict_report (int src_num, int rrc_num) | |
285 | { | |
286 | static char res[4096]; | |
287 | char *cp = res; | |
288 | ||
289 | if (src_num >= 1) | |
290 | { | |
291 | sprintf (cp, ngettext ("%d shift/reduce conflict", | |
292 | "%d shift/reduce conflicts", src_num), src_num); | |
293 | cp += strlen (cp); | |
294 | } | |
295 | ||
296 | if (src_num > 0 && rrc_num > 0) | |
297 | { | |
298 | sprintf (cp, " %s ", _("and")); | |
299 | cp += strlen (cp); | |
300 | } | |
301 | ||
302 | if (rrc_num >= 1) | |
303 | { | |
304 | sprintf (cp, ngettext ("%d reduce/reduce conflict", | |
305 | "%d reduce/reduce conflicts", rrc_num), rrc_num); | |
306 | cp += strlen (cp); | |
307 | } | |
308 | ||
309 | *cp++ = '.'; | |
310 | *cp++ = '\n'; | |
311 | *cp++ = '\0'; | |
312 | ||
313 | return res; | |
314 | } | |
315 | ||
316 | ||
317 | /*-----------------------------------------------------------. | |
318 | | Output the detailed description of states with conflicts. | | |
319 | `-----------------------------------------------------------*/ | |
320 | ||
321 | void | |
322 | conflicts_output (FILE *out) | |
323 | { | |
324 | bool printed_sth = FALSE; | |
325 | int i; | |
326 | for (i = 0; i < nstates; i++) | |
327 | if (conflicts[i]) | |
328 | { | |
329 | fprintf (out, _("State %d contains "), i); | |
330 | fputs (conflict_report (count_sr_conflicts (states[i]), | |
331 | count_rr_conflicts (states[i])), out); | |
332 | printed_sth = TRUE; | |
333 | } | |
334 | if (printed_sth) | |
335 | fputs ("\n\n", out); | |
336 | } | |
337 | ||
338 | ||
339 | /*------------------------------------------. | |
340 | | Reporting the total number of conflicts. | | |
341 | `------------------------------------------*/ | |
342 | ||
343 | void | |
344 | conflicts_print (void) | |
345 | { | |
346 | int i; | |
347 | ||
348 | /* Is the number of SR conflicts OK? Either EXPECTED_CONFLICTS is | |
349 | not set, and then we want 0 SR, or else it is specified, in which | |
350 | case we want equality. */ | |
351 | int src_ok = 0; | |
352 | ||
353 | int src_total = 0; | |
354 | int rrc_total = 0; | |
355 | ||
356 | /* Conflicts by state. */ | |
357 | for (i = 0; i < nstates; i++) | |
358 | if (conflicts[i]) | |
359 | { | |
360 | src_total += count_sr_conflicts (states[i]); | |
361 | rrc_total += count_rr_conflicts (states[i]); | |
362 | } | |
363 | ||
364 | src_ok = src_total == (expected_conflicts == -1 ? 0 : expected_conflicts); | |
365 | ||
366 | /* If there are no RR conflicts, and as many SR conflicts as | |
367 | expected, then there is nothing to report. */ | |
368 | if (!rrc_total && src_ok) | |
369 | return; | |
370 | ||
371 | /* Report the total number of conflicts on STDERR. */ | |
372 | if (yacc_flag) | |
373 | { | |
374 | /* If invoked with `--yacc', use the output format specified by | |
375 | POSIX. */ | |
376 | fprintf (stderr, _("conflicts: ")); | |
377 | if (src_total > 0) | |
378 | fprintf (stderr, _(" %d shift/reduce"), src_total); | |
379 | if (src_total > 0 && rrc_total > 0) | |
380 | fprintf (stderr, ","); | |
381 | if (rrc_total > 0) | |
382 | fprintf (stderr, _(" %d reduce/reduce"), rrc_total); | |
383 | putc ('\n', stderr); | |
384 | } | |
385 | else | |
386 | { | |
387 | fprintf (stderr, _("%s contains "), infile); | |
388 | fputs (conflict_report (src_total, rrc_total), stderr); | |
389 | } | |
390 | ||
391 | if (expected_conflicts != -1 && !src_ok) | |
392 | { | |
393 | complain_message_count++; | |
394 | fprintf (stderr, ngettext ("expected %d shift/reduce conflict\n", | |
395 | "expected %d shift/reduce conflicts\n", | |
396 | expected_conflicts), | |
397 | expected_conflicts); | |
398 | } | |
399 | } | |
400 | ||
401 | ||
402 | void | |
403 | free_conflicts (void) | |
404 | { | |
405 | XFREE (conflicts); | |
406 | XFREE (shiftset); | |
407 | XFREE (lookaheadset); | |
408 | } |