doc: merge HACKING and README-hacking.

[bison.git] / tests / calc.at

# Simple calculator.                         -*- Autotest -*-

# Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 Free
# Software Foundation, Inc.

# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

## ---------------------------------------------------- ##
## Compile the grammar described in the documentation.  ##
## ---------------------------------------------------- ##


# ------------------------- #
# Helping Autotest macros.  #
# ------------------------- #


# _AT_DATA_CALC_Y($1, $2, $3, [BISON-DIRECTIVES])
# -----------------------------------------------
# Produce `calc.y' and, if %defines was specified, `calc-lex.c' or
# `calc-lex.cc'.
#
# Don't call this macro directly, because it contains some occurrences
# of `$1' etc. which will be interpreted by m4.  So you should call it
# with $1, $2, and $3 as arguments, which is what AT_DATA_CALC_Y does.
m4_define([_AT_DATA_CALC_Y],
[m4_if([$1$2$3], $[1]$[2]$[3], [],
       [m4_fatal([$0: Invalid arguments: $@])])dnl
m4_pushdef([AT_CALC_LEX],
[[#include <ctype.h>

int ]AT_NAME_PREFIX[lex (]AT_LEX_FORMALS[);
static int get_char (]AT_LEX_FORMALS[);
static void unget_char (]AT_LEX_PRE_FORMALS[ int c);

]AT_LOCATION_IF([
static YYLTYPE last_yylloc;
])[
static int
get_char (]AT_LEX_FORMALS[)
{
  int res = getc (input);
  ]AT_USE_LEX_ARGS[;
]AT_LOCATION_IF([
  last_yylloc = AT_LOC;
  if (res == '\n')
    {
      AT_LOC.last_line++;
      AT_LOC.last_column = 1;
    }
  else
    AT_LOC.last_column++;
])[
  return res;
}

static void
unget_char (]AT_LEX_PRE_FORMALS[ int c)
{
  ]AT_USE_LEX_ARGS[;
]AT_LOCATION_IF([
  /* Wrong when C == `\n'. */
  AT_LOC = last_yylloc;
])[
  ungetc (c, input);
}

static int
read_signed_integer (]AT_LEX_FORMALS[)
{
  int c = get_char (]AT_LEX_ARGS[);
  int sign = 1;
  int n = 0;

  ]AT_USE_LEX_ARGS[;
  if (c == '-')
    {
      c = get_char (]AT_LEX_ARGS[);
      sign = -1;
    }

  while (isdigit (c))
    {
      n = 10 * n + (c - '0');
      c = get_char (]AT_LEX_ARGS[);
    }

  unget_char (]AT_LEX_PRE_ARGS[ c);

  return sign * n;
}


/*---------------------------------------------------------------.
| Lexical analyzer returns an integer on the stack and the token |
| NUM, or the ASCII character read if not a number.  Skips all   |
| blanks and tabs, returns 0 for EOF.                            |
`---------------------------------------------------------------*/

int
]AT_NAME_PREFIX[lex (]AT_LEX_FORMALS[)
{
  static int init = 1;
  int c;

  if (init)
    {
      init = 0;
]AT_LOCATION_IF([
      AT_LOC.last_column = 1;
      AT_LOC.last_line = 1;
])[
    }

]AT_LOCATION_IF([
 AT_LOC.first_column = AT_LOC.last_column;
  AT_LOC.first_line   = AT_LOC.last_line;
])[

  /* Skip white space.  */
  while ((c = get_char (]AT_LEX_ARGS[)) == ' ' || c == '\t')
    {
]AT_LOCATION_IF(
[     AT_LOC.first_column = AT_LOC.last_column;
      AT_LOC.first_line   = AT_LOC.last_line;
])[
    }

  /* process numbers   */
  if (c == '.' || isdigit (c))
    {
      unget_char (]AT_LEX_PRE_ARGS[ c);
      ]AT_VAL[.ival = read_signed_integer (]AT_LEX_ARGS[);
      return ]AT_TOKEN_PREFIX[NUM;
    }

  /* Return end-of-file.  */
  if (c == EOF)
    return ]AT_TOKEN_PREFIX[CALC_EOF;

  /* Return single chars. */
  return c;
}
]])

AT_DATA_GRAMMAR([calc.y],
[[/* Infix notation calculator--calc */
]$4
AT_SKEL_CC_IF(
[%define global_tokens_and_yystype])[
%code requires {
/* Exercise pre-prologue dependency to %union.  */
typedef int semantic_value;
}

/* Exercise %union. */
%union
{
  semantic_value ival;
};

%code provides {
#include <stdio.h>
/* The input.  */
extern FILE *input;]AT_SKEL_CC_IF([[
#ifndef YYLTYPE
# define YYLTYPE ]AT_NAME_PREFIX[::location
#endif
#define first_line   begin.line
#define first_column begin.column
#define last_line    end.line
#define last_column  end.column]])[
}

%code {
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#if HAVE_UNISTD_H
# include <unistd.h>
#else
# undef alarm
# define alarm(seconds) /* empty */
#endif
#define USE(Var)

FILE *input;
static semantic_value global_result = 0;
static int global_count = 0;
static int power (int base, int exponent);
]AT_SKEL_CC_IF(,
[/* yyerror receives the location if:
   - %location & %pure & %glr
   - %location & %pure & %yacc & %parse-param. */
static void yyerror (AT_YYERROR_ARG_LOC_IF([YYLTYPE *llocp, ])
                     AT_PARAM_IF([semantic_value *result, int *count, ])
                     const char *s
                     );])[
int yylex (]AT_LEX_FORMALS[);
}

]AT_SKEL_CC_IF([AT_LOCATION_IF([
/* The lalr1.cc skeleton, for backward compatibility, defines
   a constructor for position that initializes the filename.  The
   glr.cc skeleton does not (and in fact cannot: location/position
   are stored in a union, from which objects with constructors are
   excluded in C++). */
%initial-action {
  @$.initialize (0);
}
])])[

/* Bison Declarations */
%token CALC_EOF 0 "end of input"
%token <ival> NUM "number"
%type  <ival> exp

%nonassoc '='   /* comparison	       */
%left '-' '+'
%left '*' '/'
%precedence NEG /* negation--unary minus */
%right '^'      /* exponentiation        */

/* Grammar follows */
%%
input:
  line
| input line         { ]AT_PARAM_IF([++*count; ++global_count;])[ }
;

line:
  '\n'
| exp '\n'           { ]AT_PARAM_IF([*result = global_result = $1], [USE ($1)])[; }
;

exp:
  NUM                { $$ = $1;             }
| exp '=' exp
  {
    if ($1 != $3)
      fprintf (stderr, "calc: error: %d != %d\n", $1, $3);
    $$ = $1;
  }
| exp '+' exp        { $$ = $1 + $3;        }
| exp '-' exp        { $$ = $1 - $3;        }
| exp '*' exp        { $$ = $1 * $3;        }
| exp '/' exp        { $$ = $1 / $3;        }
| '-' exp  %prec NEG { $$ = -$2;            }
| exp '^' exp        { $$ = power ($1, $3); }
| '(' exp ')'        { $$ = $2;             }
| '(' error ')'      { $$ = 1111; yyerrok;  }
| '!'                { $$ = 0; YYERROR;     }
| '-' error          { $$ = 0; YYERROR;     }
;
%%

]AT_SKEL_CC_IF(
[/* A C++ error reporting function.  */
void
AT_NAME_PREFIX::parser::error (AT_LOCATION_IF([const location& l, ])const std::string& m)
{
  std::cerr << AT_LOCATION_IF([l << ": " << ])m << std::endl;
}

int
yyparse (AT_PARAM_IF([semantic_value *result, int *count]))
{
  AT_NAME_PREFIX::parser parser[]AT_PARAM_IF([ (result, count)]);
#if YYDEBUG
  parser.set_debug_level (1);
#endif
  return parser.parse ();
}
],
[static void
yyerror (AT_YYERROR_ARG_LOC_IF([YYLTYPE *llocp, ])
         AT_PARAM_IF([semantic_value *result, int *count, ])
         const char *s)
{
AT_PARAM_IF([(void) result; (void) count;])
AT_YYERROR_SEES_LOC_IF([
  fprintf (stderr, "%d.%d",
           AT_LOC.first_line, AT_LOC.first_column);
  if (AT_LOC.first_line != AT_LOC.last_line)
    fprintf (stderr, "-%d.%d",
	     AT_LOC.last_line,  AT_LOC.last_column - 1);
  else if (AT_LOC.first_column != AT_LOC.last_column - 1)
    fprintf (stderr, "-%d",
	     AT_LOC.last_column - 1);
  fprintf (stderr, ": ");])
  fprintf (stderr, "%s\n", s);
}])[

]AT_DEFINES_IF(, [AT_CALC_LEX])[

static int
power (int base, int exponent)
{
  int res = 1;
  if (exponent < 0)
    exit (3);
  for (/* Niente */; exponent; --exponent)
    res *= base;
  return res;
}


int
main (int argc, const char **argv)
{
  semantic_value result = 0;
  int count = 0;
  int status;

  /* This used to be alarm (10), but that isn't enough time for
     a July 1995 vintage DEC Alphastation 200 4/100 system,
     according to Nelson H. F. Beebe.  100 seconds is enough.  */
  alarm (100);

  if (argc == 2)
    input = fopen (argv[1], "r");
  else
    input = stdin;

  if (!input)
    {
      perror (argv[1]);
      return 3;
    }

]AT_SKEL_CC_IF([], [m4_bmatch([$4], [%debug],
[  yydebug = 1;])])[
  status = yyparse (]AT_PARAM_IF([[&result, &count]])[);
  fclose (input);
  if (global_result != result)
    abort ();
  if (global_count != count)
    abort ();
  return status;
}
]])
AT_DEFINES_IF([AT_DATA_SOURCE([[calc-lex.c]AT_SKEL_CC_IF([[c]])],
[[#include "calc.h]AT_SKEL_CC_IF([[h]])["

]AT_CALC_LEX])])
m4_popdef([AT_CALC_LEX])
])# _AT_DATA_CALC_Y


# AT_DATA_CALC_Y([BISON-OPTIONS])
# -------------------------------
# Produce `calc.y' and, if %defines was specified, `calc-lex.c' or
# `calc-lex.cc'.
m4_define([AT_DATA_CALC_Y],
[_AT_DATA_CALC_Y($[1], $[2], $[3], [$1])
])



# _AT_CHECK_CALC(BISON-OPTIONS, INPUT, [NUM-STDERR-LINES])
# --------------------------------------------------------
# Run `calc' on INPUT and expect no STDOUT nor STDERR.
#
# If BISON-OPTIONS contains `%debug' but not `%glr-parser', then
#
# NUM-STDERR-LINES is the number of expected lines on stderr.
# Currently this is ignored, though, since the output format is fluctuating.
#
# We don't count GLR's traces yet, since its traces are somewhat
# different from LALR's.
m4_define([_AT_CHECK_CALC],
[AT_DATA([[input]],
[[$2
]])
AT_PARSER_CHECK([./calc input], 0, [], [stderr])
])


# _AT_CHECK_CALC_ERROR(BISON-OPTIONS, EXIT-STATUS, INPUT,
#                      [NUM-STDERR-LINES],
#                      [VERBOSE-AND-LOCATED-ERROR-MESSAGE])
# ---------------------------------------------------------
# Run `calc' on INPUT, and expect a `syntax error' message.
#
# If INPUT starts with a slash, it is used as absolute input file name,
# otherwise as contents.
#
# NUM-STDERR-LINES is the number of expected lines on stderr.
# Currently this is ignored, though, since the output format is fluctuating.
#
# If BISON-OPTIONS contains `%location', then make sure the ERROR-LOCATION
# is correctly output on stderr.
#
# If BISON-OPTIONS contains `%error-verbose', then make sure the
# IF-YYERROR-VERBOSE message is properly output after `syntax error, '
# on STDERR.
#
# If BISON-OPTIONS contains `%debug' but not `%glr', then NUM-STDERR-LINES
# is the number of expected lines on stderr.
m4_define([_AT_CHECK_CALC_ERROR],
[m4_bmatch([$3], [^/],
           [AT_PARSER_CHECK([./calc $3], $2, [], [stderr])],
           [AT_DATA([[input]],
[[$3
]])
AT_PARSER_CHECK([./calc input], $2, [], [stderr])])

# Normalize the observed and expected error messages, depending upon the
# options.
# 1. Remove the traces from observed.
sed '/^Starting/d
/^Entering/d
/^Stack/d
/^Reading/d
/^Reducing/d
/^Return/d
/^Shifting/d
/^state/d
/^Cleanup:/d
/^Error:/d
/^Next/d
/^Now/d
/^Discarding/d
/ \$[[0-9$]]* = /d
/^yydestructor:/d' stderr >at-stderr
mv at-stderr stderr
# 2. Create the reference error message.
AT_DATA([[expout]],
[$5
])
# 3. If locations are not used, remove them.
AT_YYERROR_SEES_LOC_IF([],
[[sed 's/^[-0-9.]*: //' expout >at-expout
mv at-expout expout]])
# 4. If error-verbose is not used, strip the`, unexpected....' part.
m4_bmatch([$1], [%error-verbose], [],
[[sed 's/syntax error, .*$/syntax error/' expout >at-expout
mv at-expout expout]])
# 5. Check
AT_CHECK([cat stderr], 0, [expout])
])


# AT_CHECK_CALC([BISON-OPTIONS, [EXPECTED-TO-FAIL]])
# --------------------------------------------------
# Start a testing chunk which compiles `calc' grammar with
# BISON-OPTIONS, and performs several tests over the parser.
# However, if EXPECTED-TO-FAIL is nonempty, this test is expected to fail.
m4_define([AT_CHECK_CALC],
[# We use integers to avoid dependencies upon the precision of doubles.
AT_SETUP([Calculator $1])

m4_ifval([$2], [AT_CHECK([exit 77])])

AT_BISON_OPTION_PUSHDEFS([$1])

AT_DATA_CALC_Y([$1])
AT_FULL_COMPILE([calc], [AT_DEFINES_IF([[lex]])])

# Test the priorities.
_AT_CHECK_CALC([$1],
[1 + 2 * 3 = 7
1 + 2 * -3 = -5

-1^2 = -1
(-1)^2 = 1

---1 = -1

1 - 2 - 3 = -4
1 - (2 - 3) = 2

2^2^3 = 256
(2^2)^3 = 64],
               [842])

# Some syntax errors.
_AT_CHECK_CALC_ERROR([$1], [1], [0 0], [15],
                     [1.3: syntax error, unexpected number])
_AT_CHECK_CALC_ERROR([$1], [1], [1//2], [20],
                     [1.3: syntax error, unexpected '/', expecting number or '-' or '(' or '!'])
_AT_CHECK_CALC_ERROR([$1], [1], [error], [5],
                     [1.1: syntax error, unexpected $undefined])
_AT_CHECK_CALC_ERROR([$1], [1], [1 = 2 = 3], [30],
                     [1.7: syntax error, unexpected '='])
_AT_CHECK_CALC_ERROR([$1], [1],
                     [
+1],
                     [20],
                     [2.1: syntax error, unexpected '+'])
# Exercise error messages with EOF: work on an empty file.
_AT_CHECK_CALC_ERROR([$1], [1], [/dev/null], [4],
                     [1.1: syntax error, unexpected end of input])

# Exercise the error token: without it, we die at the first error,
# hence be sure to
#
# - have several errors which exercise different shift/discardings
#   - (): nothing to pop, nothing to discard
#   - (1 + 1 + 1 +): a lot to pop, nothing to discard
#   - (* * *): nothing to pop, a lot to discard
#   - (1 + 2 * *): some to pop and discard
#
# - test the action associated to `error'
#
# - check the lookahead that triggers an error is not discarded
#   when we enter error recovery.  Below, the lookahead causing the
#   first error is ")", which is needed to recover from the error and
#   produce the "0" that triggers the "0 != 1" error.
#
_AT_CHECK_CALC_ERROR([$1], [0],
                     [() + (1 + 1 + 1 +) + (* * *) + (1 * 2 * *) = 1],
                     [250],
[1.2: syntax error, unexpected ')', expecting number or '-' or '(' or '!'
1.18: syntax error, unexpected ')', expecting number or '-' or '(' or '!'
1.23: syntax error, unexpected '*', expecting number or '-' or '(' or '!'
1.41: syntax error, unexpected '*', expecting number or '-' or '(' or '!'
calc: error: 4444 != 1])

# The same, but this time exercising explicitly triggered syntax errors.
# POSIX says the lookahead causing the error should not be discarded.
_AT_CHECK_CALC_ERROR([$1], [0], [(!) + (0 0) = 1], [102],
[1.10: syntax error, unexpected number
calc: error: 2222 != 1])
_AT_CHECK_CALC_ERROR([$1], [0], [(- *) + (0 0) = 1], [113],
[1.4: syntax error, unexpected '*', expecting number or '-' or '(' or '!'
1.12: syntax error, unexpected number
calc: error: 2222 != 1])

# Check that yyerrok works properly: second error is not reported,
# third and fourth are.  Parse status is succesfull.
_AT_CHECK_CALC_ERROR([$1], [0], [(* *) + (*) + (*)], [113],
[1.2: syntax error, unexpected '*', expecting number or '-' or '(' or '!'
1.10: syntax error, unexpected '*', expecting number or '-' or '(' or '!'
1.16: syntax error, unexpected '*', expecting number or '-' or '(' or '!'])

AT_BISON_OPTION_POPDEFS

AT_CLEANUP
])# AT_CHECK_CALC




# ------------------------ #
# Simple LALR Calculator.  #
# ------------------------ #

AT_BANNER([[Simple LALR(1) Calculator.]])

# AT_CHECK_CALC_LALR([BISON-OPTIONS])
# -----------------------------------
# Start a testing chunk which compiles `calc' grammar with
# BISON-OPTIONS, and performs several tests over the parser.
m4_define([AT_CHECK_CALC_LALR],
[AT_CHECK_CALC($@)])

AT_CHECK_CALC_LALR()

AT_CHECK_CALC_LALR([%defines])
AT_CHECK_CALC_LALR([%locations])
AT_CHECK_CALC_LALR([%name-prefix="calc"]) dnl test deprecated `='
AT_CHECK_CALC_LALR([%verbose])
AT_CHECK_CALC_LALR([%yacc])
AT_CHECK_CALC_LALR([%error-verbose])

AT_CHECK_CALC_LALR([%define api.pure %locations])
AT_CHECK_CALC_LALR([%define api.push_pull "both" %define api.pure %locations])
AT_CHECK_CALC_LALR([%error-verbose %locations])

AT_CHECK_CALC_LALR([%error-verbose %locations %defines %name-prefix "calc" %verbose %yacc])
AT_CHECK_CALC_LALR([%error-verbose %locations %defines %name-prefix "calc" %define token.prefix "TOK_" %verbose %yacc])

AT_CHECK_CALC_LALR([%debug])
AT_CHECK_CALC_LALR([%error-verbose %debug %locations %defines %name-prefix "calc" %verbose %yacc])

AT_CHECK_CALC_LALR([%define api.pure %error-verbose %debug %locations %defines %name-prefix "calc" %verbose %yacc])
AT_CHECK_CALC_LALR([%define api.push_pull "both" %define api.pure %error-verbose %debug %locations %defines %name-prefix "calc" %verbose %yacc])

AT_CHECK_CALC_LALR([%define api.pure %error-verbose %debug %locations %defines %name-prefix "calc" %verbose %yacc %parse-param {semantic_value *result} %parse-param {int *count}])


# ----------------------- #
# Simple GLR Calculator.  #
# ----------------------- #

AT_BANNER([[Simple GLR Calculator.]])

# AT_CHECK_CALC_GLR([BISON-OPTIONS])
# ----------------------------------
# Start a testing chunk which compiles `calc' grammar with
# BISON-OPTIONS and %glr-parser, and performs several tests over the parser.
m4_define([AT_CHECK_CALC_GLR],
[AT_CHECK_CALC([%glr-parser] $@)])


AT_CHECK_CALC_GLR()

AT_CHECK_CALC_GLR([%defines])
AT_CHECK_CALC_GLR([%locations])
AT_CHECK_CALC_GLR([%name-prefix "calc"])
AT_CHECK_CALC_GLR([%verbose])
AT_CHECK_CALC_GLR([%yacc])
AT_CHECK_CALC_GLR([%error-verbose])

AT_CHECK_CALC_GLR([%define api.pure %locations])
AT_CHECK_CALC_GLR([%error-verbose %locations])

AT_CHECK_CALC_GLR([%error-verbose %locations %defines %name-prefix "calc" %verbose %yacc])

AT_CHECK_CALC_GLR([%debug])
AT_CHECK_CALC_GLR([%error-verbose %debug %locations %defines %name-prefix "calc" %verbose %yacc])
AT_CHECK_CALC_GLR([%error-verbose %debug %locations %defines %name-prefix "calc" %define token.prefix "TOK_" %verbose %yacc])

AT_CHECK_CALC_GLR([%define api.pure %error-verbose %debug %locations %defines %name-prefix "calc" %verbose %yacc])

AT_CHECK_CALC_GLR([%define api.pure %error-verbose %debug %locations %defines %name-prefix "calc" %verbose %yacc %parse-param {semantic_value *result} %parse-param {int *count}])


# ----------------------------- #
# Simple LALR1 C++ Calculator.  #
# ----------------------------- #

AT_BANNER([[Simple LALR(1) C++ Calculator.]])

# First let's try using %skeleton
AT_CHECK_CALC([%skeleton "lalr1.cc" %defines %locations])

# AT_CHECK_CALC_LALR1_CC([BISON-OPTIONS])
# ---------------------------------------
# Start a testing chunk which compiles `calc' grammar with
# the C++ skeleton, and performs several tests over the parser.
m4_define([AT_CHECK_CALC_LALR1_CC],
[AT_CHECK_CALC([%language "C++" %defines] $@)])

AT_CHECK_CALC_LALR1_CC([])
AT_CHECK_CALC_LALR1_CC([%locations])
AT_CHECK_CALC_LALR1_CC([%locations %error-verbose %name-prefix "calc" %verbose %yacc])

AT_CHECK_CALC_LALR1_CC([%locations %error-verbose %debug %name-prefix "calc" %verbose %yacc])

AT_CHECK_CALC_LALR1_CC([%locations %pure-parser %error-verbose %debug %name-prefix "calc" %verbose %yacc])
AT_CHECK_CALC_LALR1_CC([%locations %pure-parser %error-verbose %debug %name-prefix "calc" %define token.prefix "TOK_" %verbose %yacc])

AT_CHECK_CALC_LALR1_CC([%locations %pure-parser %error-verbose %debug %name-prefix "calc" %verbose %yacc %parse-param {semantic_value *result} %parse-param {int *count}])



# --------------------------- #
# Simple GLR C++ Calculator.  #
# --------------------------- #

AT_BANNER([[Simple GLR C++ Calculator.]])

# Again, we try also using %skeleton.
AT_CHECK_CALC([%skeleton "glr.cc" %defines %locations])

# AT_CHECK_CALC_GLR_CC([BISON-OPTIONS])
# -------------------------------------
# Start a testing chunk which compiles `calc' grammar with
# the GLR C++ skeleton, and performs several tests over the parser.
m4_define([AT_CHECK_CALC_GLR_CC],
[AT_CHECK_CALC([%language "C++" %glr-parser %defines %locations] $@)])

AT_CHECK_CALC_GLR_CC([])
AT_CHECK_CALC_GLR_CC([%error-verbose %name-prefix "calc" %verbose %yacc])

AT_CHECK_CALC_GLR_CC([%debug])
AT_CHECK_CALC_GLR_CC([%error-verbose %debug %name-prefix "calc" %verbose %yacc])

AT_CHECK_CALC_GLR_CC([%pure-parser %error-verbose %debug %name-prefix "calc" %verbose %yacc])
AT_CHECK_CALC_GLR_CC([%pure-parser %error-verbose %debug %name-prefix "calc" %define token.prefix "TOK_" %verbose %yacc])

AT_CHECK_CALC_GLR_CC([%pure-parser %error-verbose %debug %name-prefix "calc" %verbose %yacc %parse-param {semantic_value *result} %parse-param {int *count}])