osfmk/kern/startup.c

   1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 2000-2018 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.
   3  *
   4  * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_START@
   5  *
   6  * This file contains Original Code and/or Modifications of Original Code
   7  * as defined in and that are subject to the Apple Public Source License
   8  * Version 2.0 (the 'License'). You may not use this file except in
   9  * compliance with the License. The rights granted to you under the License
  10  * may not be used to create, or enable the creation or redistribution of,
  11  * unlawful or unlicensed copies of an Apple operating system, or to
  12  * circumvent, violate, or enable the circumvention or violation of, any
  13  * terms of an Apple operating system software license agreement.
  14  *
  15  * Please obtain a copy of the License at
  16  * http://www.opensource.apple.com/apsl/ and read it before using this file.
  17  *
  18  * The Original Code and all software distributed under the License are
  19  * distributed on an 'AS IS' basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER
  20  * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AND APPLE HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL SUCH WARRANTIES,
  21  * INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
  22  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, QUIET ENJOYMENT OR NON-INFRINGEMENT.
  23  * Please see the License for the specific language governing rights and
  24  * limitations under the License.
  25  *
  26  * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_END@
  27  */
  28 /*
  29  * @OSF_COPYRIGHT@
  30  */
  31 /*
  32  * Mach Operating System
  33  * Copyright (c) 1991,1990,1989,1988 Carnegie Mellon University
  34  * All Rights Reserved.
  35  *
  36  * Permission to use, copy, modify and distribute this software and its
  37  * documentation is hereby granted, provided that both the copyright
  38  * notice and this permission notice appear in all copies of the
  39  * software, derivative works or modified versions, and any portions
  40  * thereof, and that both notices appear in supporting documentation.
  41  *
  42  * CARNEGIE MELLON ALLOWS FREE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE IN ITS "AS IS"
  43  * CONDITION.  CARNEGIE MELLON DISCLAIMS ANY LIABILITY OF ANY KIND FOR
  44  * ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
  45  *
  46  * Carnegie Mellon requests users of this software to return to
  47  *
  48  *  Software Distribution Coordinator  or  Software.Distribution@CS.CMU.EDU
  49  *  School of Computer Science
  50  *  Carnegie Mellon University
  51  *  Pittsburgh PA 15213-3890
  52  *
  53  * any improvements or extensions that they make and grant Carnegie Mellon
  54  * the rights to redistribute these changes.
  55  */
  56 /*
  57  * NOTICE: This file was modified by McAfee Research in 2004 to introduce
  58  * support for mandatory and extensible security protections.  This notice
  59  * is included in support of clause 2.2 (b) of the Apple Public License,
  60  * Version 2.0.
  61  */
  62 /*
  63  */
  64
  65 /*
  66  *      Mach kernel startup.
  67  */
  68
  69 #include <debug.h>
  70 #include <mach_kdp.h>
  71
  72 #include <mach/boolean.h>
  73 #include <mach/machine.h>
  74 #include <mach/thread_act.h>
  75 #include <mach/task_special_ports.h>
  76 #include <mach/vm_param.h>
  77 #include <ipc/ipc_init.h>
  78 #include <kern/assert.h>
  79 #include <kern/mach_param.h>
  80 #include <kern/misc_protos.h>
  81 #include <kern/clock.h>
  82 #include <kern/coalition.h>
  83 #include <kern/cpu_number.h>
  84 #include <kern/cpu_quiesce.h>
  85 #include <kern/ledger.h>
  86 #include <kern/machine.h>
  87 #include <kern/processor.h>
  88 #include <kern/restartable.h>
  89 #include <kern/sched_prim.h>
  90 #include <kern/turnstile.h>
  91 #if CONFIG_SCHED_SFI
  92 #include <kern/sfi.h>
  93 #endif
  94 #include <kern/startup.h>
  95 #include <kern/task.h>
  96 #include <kern/thread.h>
  97 #include <kern/timer.h>
  98 #if CONFIG_TELEMETRY
  99 #include <kern/telemetry.h>
 100 #endif
 101 #include <kern/zalloc.h>
 102 #include <kern/locks.h>
 103 #include <kern/debug.h>
 104 #include <corpses/task_corpse.h>
 105 #include <prng/random.h>
 106 #include <console/serial_protos.h>
 107 #include <vm/vm_kern.h>
 108 #include <vm/vm_init.h>
 109 #include <vm/vm_map.h>
 110 #include <vm/vm_object.h>
 111 #include <vm/vm_page.h>
 112 #include <vm/vm_pageout.h>
 113 #include <vm/vm_shared_region.h>
 114 #include <machine/pmap.h>
 115 #include <machine/commpage.h>
 116 #include <libkern/version.h>
 117 #include <sys/codesign.h>
 118 #include <sys/kdebug.h>
 119 #include <sys/random.h>
 120 #include <sys/ktrace.h>
 121 #include <libkern/section_keywords.h>
 122
 123 #include <kern/ltable.h>
 124 #include <kern/waitq.h>
 125 #include <ipc/ipc_voucher.h>
 126 #include <voucher/ipc_pthread_priority_internal.h>
 127 #include <mach/host_info.h>
 128 #include <pthread/workqueue_internal.h>
 129
 130 #if CONFIG_XNUPOST
 131 #include <tests/ktest.h>
 132 #include <tests/xnupost.h>
 133 #endif
 134
 135 #if CONFIG_ATM
 136 #include <atm/atm_internal.h>
 137 #endif
 138
 139 #if CONFIG_CSR
 140 #include <sys/csr.h>
 141 #endif
 142
 143 #include <bank/bank_internal.h>
 144
 145 #if ALTERNATE_DEBUGGER
 146 #include <arm64/alternate_debugger.h>
 147 #endif
 148
 149 #if MACH_KDP
 150 #include <kdp/kdp.h>
 151 #endif
 152
 153 #if CONFIG_MACF
 154 #include <security/mac_mach_internal.h>
 155 #if CONFIG_VNGUARD
 156 extern void vnguard_policy_init(void);
 157 #endif
 158 #endif
 159
 160 #if KPC
 161 #include <kern/kpc.h>
 162 #endif
 163
 164 #if HYPERVISOR
 165 #include <kern/hv_support.h>
 166 #endif
 167
 168 #include <san/kasan.h>
 169
 170 #if defined(__arm__) || defined(__arm64__)
 171 #include <arm/misc_protos.h> // for arm_vm_prot_finalize
 172 #endif
 173
 174 #include <i386/pmCPU.h>
 175 static void             kernel_bootstrap_thread(void);
 176
 177 static void             load_context(
 178         thread_t        thread);
 179 #if (defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__)) && NCOPY_WINDOWS > 0
 180 extern void cpu_userwindow_init(int);
 181 extern void cpu_physwindow_init(int);
 182 #endif
 183
 184 #if CONFIG_ECC_LOGGING
 185 #include <kern/ecc.h>
 186 #endif
 187
 188 #if (defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__)) && CONFIG_VMX
 189 #include <i386/vmx/vmx_cpu.h>
 190 #endif
 191
 192 #if CONFIG_DTRACE
 193 extern void dtrace_early_init(void);
 194 extern void sdt_early_init(void);
 195 #endif
 196
 197 // libkern/OSKextLib.cpp
 198 extern void OSKextRemoveKextBootstrap(void);
 199
 200 void scale_setup(void);
 201 extern void bsd_scale_setup(int);
 202 extern unsigned int semaphore_max;
 203 extern void stackshot_init(void);
 204 extern void ktrace_init(void);
 205 extern void oslog_init(void);
 206
 207 /*
 208  *      Running in virtual memory, on the interrupt stack.
 209  */
 210
 211 extern int serverperfmode;
 212
 213 /* size of kernel trace buffer, disabled by default */
 214 unsigned int new_nkdbufs = 0;
 215 unsigned int wake_nkdbufs = 0;
 216 unsigned int write_trace_on_panic = 0;
 217 unsigned int trace_wrap = 0;
 218 boolean_t trace_serial = FALSE;
 219 boolean_t early_boot_complete = FALSE;
 220
 221 /* mach leak logging */
 222 int log_leaks = 0;
 223
 224 static inline void
 225 kernel_bootstrap_log(const char *message)
 226 {
 227 //      kprintf("kernel_bootstrap: %s\n", message);
 228         kernel_debug_string_early(message);
 229 }
 230
 231 static inline void
 232 kernel_bootstrap_thread_log(const char *message)
 233 {
 234 //      kprintf("kernel_bootstrap_thread: %s\n", message);
 235         kernel_debug_string_early(message);
 236 }
 237
 238 void
 239 kernel_early_bootstrap(void)
 240 {
 241         /* serverperfmode is needed by timer setup */
 242         if (PE_parse_boot_argn("serverperfmode", &serverperfmode, sizeof(serverperfmode))) {
 243                 serverperfmode = 1;
 244         }
 245
 246 #if CONFIG_SCHED_SFI
 247         /*
 248          * Configure SFI classes
 249          */
 250         sfi_early_init();
 251 #endif
 252 }
 253
 254
 255 void
 256 kernel_bootstrap(void)
 257 {
 258         kern_return_t   result;
 259         thread_t        thread;
 260         char            namep[16];
 261
 262         printf("%s\n", version); /* log kernel version */
 263
 264         if (PE_parse_boot_argn("-l", namep, sizeof(namep))) { /* leaks logging */
 265                 log_leaks = 1;
 266         }
 267
 268         PE_parse_boot_argn("trace", &new_nkdbufs, sizeof(new_nkdbufs));
 269         PE_parse_boot_argn("trace_wake", &wake_nkdbufs, sizeof(wake_nkdbufs));
 270         PE_parse_boot_argn("trace_panic", &write_trace_on_panic, sizeof(write_trace_on_panic));
 271         PE_parse_boot_argn("trace_wrap", &trace_wrap, sizeof(trace_wrap));
 272
 273         scale_setup();
 274
 275         kernel_bootstrap_log("vm_mem_bootstrap");
 276         vm_mem_bootstrap();
 277
 278         kernel_bootstrap_log("cs_init");
 279         cs_init();
 280
 281         kernel_bootstrap_log("vm_mem_init");
 282         vm_mem_init();
 283
 284         machine_info.memory_size = (uint32_t)mem_size;
 285         machine_info.max_mem = max_mem;
 286         machine_info.major_version = version_major;
 287         machine_info.minor_version = version_minor;
 288
 289         oslog_init();
 290
 291 #if KASAN
 292         kernel_bootstrap_log("kasan_late_init");
 293         kasan_late_init();
 294 #endif
 295
 296 #if CONFIG_TELEMETRY
 297         kernel_bootstrap_log("telemetry_init");
 298         telemetry_init();
 299 #endif
 300
 301 #if CONFIG_CSR
 302         kernel_bootstrap_log("csr_init");
 303         csr_init();
 304 #endif
 305
 306         if (PE_i_can_has_debugger(NULL)) {
 307                 if (PE_parse_boot_argn("-show_pointers", &namep, sizeof(namep))) {
 308                         doprnt_hide_pointers = FALSE;
 309                 }
 310                 if (PE_parse_boot_argn("-no_slto_panic", &namep, sizeof(namep))) {
 311                         extern boolean_t spinlock_timeout_panic;
 312                         spinlock_timeout_panic = FALSE;
 313                 }
 314         }
 315
 316         kernel_bootstrap_log("console_init");
 317         console_init();
 318
 319         kernel_bootstrap_log("stackshot_init");
 320         stackshot_init();
 321
 322         kernel_bootstrap_log("sched_init");
 323         sched_init();
 324
 325         kernel_bootstrap_log("ltable_bootstrap");
 326         ltable_bootstrap();
 327
 328         kernel_bootstrap_log("waitq_bootstrap");
 329         waitq_bootstrap();
 330
 331         kernel_bootstrap_log("ipc_bootstrap");
 332         ipc_bootstrap();
 333
 334 #if CONFIG_MACF
 335         kernel_bootstrap_log("mac_policy_init");
 336         mac_policy_init();
 337 #endif
 338
 339         kernel_bootstrap_log("ipc_init");
 340         ipc_init();
 341
 342         /*
 343          * As soon as the virtual memory system is up, we record
 344          * that this CPU is using the kernel pmap.
 345          */
 346         kernel_bootstrap_log("PMAP_ACTIVATE_KERNEL");
 347         PMAP_ACTIVATE_KERNEL(master_cpu);
 348
 349         kernel_bootstrap_log("mapping_free_prime");
 350         mapping_free_prime();                                           /* Load up with temporary mapping blocks */
 351
 352         kernel_bootstrap_log("machine_init");
 353         machine_init();
 354
 355         kernel_bootstrap_log("thread_machine_init_template");
 356         thread_machine_init_template();
 357
 358         kernel_bootstrap_log("clock_init");
 359         clock_init();
 360
 361         ledger_init();
 362
 363         /*
 364          *      Initialize the IPC, task, and thread subsystems.
 365          */
 366
 367 #if CONFIG_COALITIONS
 368         kernel_bootstrap_log("coalitions_init");
 369         coalitions_init();
 370 #endif
 371
 372         kernel_bootstrap_log("task_init");
 373         task_init();
 374
 375         kernel_bootstrap_log("thread_init");
 376         thread_init();
 377
 378         kernel_bootstrap_log("restartable_init");
 379         restartable_init();
 380
 381         kernel_bootstrap_log("workq_init");
 382         workq_init();
 383
 384         kernel_bootstrap_log("turnstiles_init");
 385         turnstiles_init();
 386
 387 #if CONFIG_ATM
 388         /* Initialize the Activity Trace Resource Manager. */
 389         kernel_bootstrap_log("atm_init");
 390         atm_init();
 391 #endif
 392         kernel_bootstrap_log("mach_init_activity_id");
 393         mach_init_activity_id();
 394
 395         /* Initialize the BANK Manager. */
 396         kernel_bootstrap_log("bank_init");
 397         bank_init();
 398
 399         kernel_bootstrap_log("ipc_pthread_priority_init");
 400         ipc_pthread_priority_init();
 401
 402         /* initialize the corpse config based on boot-args */
 403         corpses_init();
 404
 405         /* initialize host_statistics */
 406         host_statistics_init();
 407
 408         /* initialize exceptions */
 409         exception_init();
 410
 411 #if CONFIG_SCHED_SFI
 412         kernel_bootstrap_log("sfi_init");
 413         sfi_init();
 414 #endif
 415
 416         /*
 417          *      Create a kernel thread to execute the kernel bootstrap.
 418          */
 419
 420         kernel_bootstrap_log("kernel_thread_create");
 421         result = kernel_thread_create((thread_continue_t)kernel_bootstrap_thread, NULL, MAXPRI_KERNEL, &thread);
 422
 423         if (result != KERN_SUCCESS) {
 424                 panic("kernel_bootstrap: result = %08X\n", result);
 425         }
 426
 427         /* The static init_thread is re-used as the bootstrap thread */
 428         assert(thread == current_thread());
 429
 430         /* TODO: do a proper thread_start() (without the thread_setrun()) */
 431         thread->state = TH_RUN;
 432         thread->last_made_runnable_time = mach_absolute_time();
 433         thread_set_thread_name(thread, "kernel_bootstrap_thread");
 434
 435         thread_deallocate(thread);
 436
 437         kernel_bootstrap_log("load_context - done");
 438         load_context(thread);
 439         /*NOTREACHED*/
 440 }
 441
 442 int kth_started = 0;
 443
 444 vm_offset_t vm_kernel_addrperm;
 445 vm_offset_t buf_kernel_addrperm;
 446 vm_offset_t vm_kernel_addrperm_ext;
 447 uint64_t vm_kernel_addrhash_salt;
 448 uint64_t vm_kernel_addrhash_salt_ext;
 449
 450 /*
 451  * Now running in a thread.  Kick off other services,
 452  * invoke user bootstrap, enter pageout loop.
 453  */
 454 static void
 455 kernel_bootstrap_thread(void)
 456 {
 457         processor_t             processor = current_processor();
 458
 459 #define kernel_bootstrap_thread_kprintf(x...) /* kprintf("kernel_bootstrap_thread: " x) */
 460         kernel_bootstrap_thread_log("idle_thread_create");
 461         /*
 462          * Create the idle processor thread.
 463          */
 464         idle_thread_create(processor);
 465
 466         /*
 467          * N.B. Do not stick anything else
 468          * before this point.
 469          *
 470          * Start up the scheduler services.
 471          */
 472         kernel_bootstrap_thread_log("sched_startup");
 473         sched_startup();
 474
 475         /*
 476          * Thread lifecycle maintenance (teardown, stack allocation)
 477          */
 478         kernel_bootstrap_thread_log("thread_daemon_init");
 479         thread_daemon_init();
 480
 481         /* Create kernel map entry reserve */
 482         vm_kernel_reserved_entry_init();
 483
 484         /*
 485          * Thread callout service.
 486          */
 487         kernel_bootstrap_thread_log("thread_call_initialize");
 488         thread_call_initialize();
 489
 490         /*
 491          * Remain on current processor as
 492          * additional processors come online.
 493          */
 494         kernel_bootstrap_thread_log("thread_bind");
 495         thread_bind(processor);
 496
 497         /*
 498          * Initialize ipc thread call support.
 499          */
 500         kernel_bootstrap_thread_log("ipc_thread_call_init");
 501         ipc_thread_call_init();
 502
 503         /*
 504          * Kick off memory mapping adjustments.
 505          */
 506         kernel_bootstrap_thread_log("mapping_adjust");
 507         mapping_adjust();
 508
 509         /*
 510          *      Create the clock service.
 511          */
 512         kernel_bootstrap_thread_log("clock_service_create");
 513         clock_service_create();
 514
 515         /*
 516          *      Create the device service.
 517          */
 518         device_service_create();
 519
 520         kth_started = 1;
 521
 522 #if (defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__)) && NCOPY_WINDOWS > 0
 523         /*
 524          * Create and initialize the physical copy window for processor 0
 525          * This is required before starting kicking off IOKit.
 526          */
 527         cpu_physwindow_init(0);
 528 #endif
 529
 530         phys_carveout_init();
 531
 532 #if MACH_KDP
 533         kernel_bootstrap_log("kdp_init");
 534         kdp_init();
 535 #endif
 536
 537 #if ALTERNATE_DEBUGGER
 538         alternate_debugger_init();
 539 #endif
 540
 541 #if KPC
 542         kpc_init();
 543 #endif
 544
 545 #if CONFIG_ECC_LOGGING
 546         ecc_log_init();
 547 #endif
 548
 549 #if HYPERVISOR
 550         hv_support_init();
 551 #endif
 552
 553 #if CONFIG_TELEMETRY
 554         kernel_bootstrap_log("bootprofile_init");
 555         bootprofile_init();
 556 #endif
 557
 558 #if (defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__)) && CONFIG_VMX
 559         vmx_init();
 560 #endif
 561
 562         kernel_bootstrap_thread_log("ktrace_init");
 563         ktrace_init();
 564
 565         char trace_typefilter[256] = {};
 566         PE_parse_boot_arg_str("trace_typefilter", trace_typefilter,
 567             sizeof(trace_typefilter));
 568         kdebug_init(new_nkdbufs, trace_typefilter, trace_wrap);
 569
 570 #ifdef  MACH_BSD
 571         kernel_bootstrap_log("bsd_early_init");
 572         bsd_early_init();
 573 #endif
 574
 575 #if defined(__arm64__)
 576         ml_lockdown_init();
 577 #endif
 578
 579 #ifdef  IOKIT
 580         kernel_bootstrap_log("PE_init_iokit");
 581         PE_init_iokit();
 582 #endif
 583
 584         assert(ml_get_interrupts_enabled() == FALSE);
 585
 586         /*
 587          * Past this point, kernel subsystems that expect to operate with
 588          * interrupts or preemption enabled may begin enforcement.
 589          */
 590         early_boot_complete = TRUE;
 591
 592 #if INTERRUPT_MASKED_DEBUG
 593         // Reset interrupts masked timeout before we enable interrupts
 594         ml_spin_debug_clear_self();
 595 #endif
 596         (void) spllo();         /* Allow interruptions */
 597
 598 #if (defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__)) && NCOPY_WINDOWS > 0
 599         /*
 600          * Create and initialize the copy window for processor 0
 601          * This also allocates window space for all other processors.
 602          * However, this is dependent on the number of processors - so this call
 603          * must be after IOKit has been started because IOKit performs processor
 604          * discovery.
 605          */
 606         cpu_userwindow_init(0);
 607 #endif
 608
 609         /*
 610          *      Initialize the shared region module.
 611          */
 612         vm_shared_region_init();
 613         vm_commpage_init();
 614         vm_commpage_text_init();
 615
 616 #if CONFIG_MACF
 617         kernel_bootstrap_log("mac_policy_initmach");
 618         mac_policy_initmach();
 619 #if CONFIG_VNGUARD
 620         vnguard_policy_init();
 621 #endif
 622 #endif
 623
 624 #if CONFIG_DTRACE
 625         dtrace_early_init();
 626         sdt_early_init();
 627 #endif
 628
 629
 630         /*
 631          * Get rid of segments used to bootstrap kext loading. This removes
 632          * the KLD, PRELINK symtab, LINKEDIT, and symtab segments/load commands.
 633          * Must be done prior to lockdown so that we can free (and possibly relocate)
 634          * the static KVA mappings used for the jettisoned bootstrap segments.
 635          */
 636         OSKextRemoveKextBootstrap();
 637 #if defined(__arm__) || defined(__arm64__)
 638 #if CONFIG_KERNEL_INTEGRITY
 639         machine_lockdown_preflight();
 640 #endif
 641         /*
 642          *  Finalize protections on statically mapped pages now that comm page mapping is established.
 643          */
 644         arm_vm_prot_finalize(PE_state.bootArgs);
 645 #endif
 646
 647         /*
 648          * Initialize the globals used for permuting kernel
 649          * addresses that may be exported to userland as tokens
 650          * using VM_KERNEL_ADDRPERM()/VM_KERNEL_ADDRPERM_EXTERNAL().
 651          * Force the random number to be odd to avoid mapping a non-zero
 652          * word-aligned address to zero via addition.
 653          * Note: at this stage we can use the cryptographically secure PRNG
 654          * rather than early_random().
 655          */
 656         read_random(&vm_kernel_addrperm, sizeof(vm_kernel_addrperm));
 657         vm_kernel_addrperm |= 1;
 658         read_random(&buf_kernel_addrperm, sizeof(buf_kernel_addrperm));
 659         buf_kernel_addrperm |= 1;
 660         read_random(&vm_kernel_addrperm_ext, sizeof(vm_kernel_addrperm_ext));
 661         vm_kernel_addrperm_ext |= 1;
 662         read_random(&vm_kernel_addrhash_salt, sizeof(vm_kernel_addrhash_salt));
 663         read_random(&vm_kernel_addrhash_salt_ext, sizeof(vm_kernel_addrhash_salt_ext));
 664
 665         vm_set_restrictions();
 666
 667
 668 #ifdef CONFIG_XNUPOST
 669         kern_return_t result = kernel_list_tests();
 670         result = kernel_do_post();
 671         if (result != KERN_SUCCESS) {
 672                 panic("kernel_do_post: Tests failed with result = 0x%08x\n", result);
 673         }
 674         kernel_bootstrap_log("kernel_do_post - done");
 675 #endif /* CONFIG_XNUPOST */
 676
 677
 678         /*
 679          *      Start the user bootstrap.
 680          */
 681 #ifdef  MACH_BSD
 682         bsd_init();
 683 #endif
 684
 685 #if defined (__x86_64__)
 686         x86_64_protect_data_const();
 687 #endif
 688
 689
 690         /*
 691          * Get rid of pages used for early boot tracing.
 692          */
 693         kdebug_free_early_buf();
 694
 695         serial_keyboard_init();         /* Start serial keyboard if wanted */
 696
 697         vm_page_init_local_q();
 698
 699         thread_bind(PROCESSOR_NULL);
 700
 701         /*
 702          * Now that all CPUs are available to run threads, this is essentially
 703          * a background thread. Take this opportunity to initialize and free
 704          * any remaining vm_pages that were delayed earlier by pmap_startup().
 705          */
 706         vm_free_delayed_pages();
 707
 708         /*
 709          *      Become the pageout daemon.
 710          */
 711         vm_pageout();
 712         /*NOTREACHED*/
 713 }
 714
 715 /*
 716  *      slave_main:
 717  *
 718  *      Load the first thread to start a processor.
 719  *      This path will also be used by the master processor
 720  *      after being offlined.
 721  */
 722 void
 723 slave_main(void *machine_param)
 724 {
 725         processor_t             processor = current_processor();
 726         thread_t                thread;
 727
 728         /*
 729          *      Use the idle processor thread if there
 730          *      is no dedicated start up thread.
 731          */
 732         if (processor->processor_offlined == true) {
 733                 /* Return to the saved processor_offline context */
 734                 assert(processor->startup_thread == THREAD_NULL);
 735
 736                 thread = processor->idle_thread;
 737                 thread->parameter = machine_param;
 738         } else if (processor->startup_thread) {
 739                 thread = processor->startup_thread;
 740                 processor->startup_thread = THREAD_NULL;
 741         } else {
 742                 thread = processor->idle_thread;
 743                 thread->continuation = processor_start_thread;
 744                 thread->parameter = machine_param;
 745         }
 746
 747         load_context(thread);
 748         /*NOTREACHED*/
 749 }
 750
 751 /*
 752  *      processor_start_thread:
 753  *
 754  *      First thread to execute on a started processor.
 755  *
 756  *      Called at splsched.
 757  */
 758 void
 759 processor_start_thread(void *machine_param,
 760     __unused wait_result_t result)
 761 {
 762         processor_t             processor = current_processor();
 763         thread_t                self = current_thread();
 764
 765         slave_machine_init(machine_param);
 766
 767         /*
 768          *      If running the idle processor thread,
 769          *      reenter the idle loop, else terminate.
 770          */
 771         if (self == processor->idle_thread) {
 772                 thread_block(idle_thread);
 773         }
 774
 775         thread_terminate(self);
 776         /*NOTREACHED*/
 777 }
 778
 779 /*
 780  *      load_context:
 781  *
 782  *      Start the first thread on a processor.
 783  *      This may be the first thread ever run on a processor, or
 784  *      it could be a processor that was previously offlined.
 785  */
 786 static void __attribute__((noreturn))
 787 load_context(
 788         thread_t                thread)
 789 {
 790         processor_t             processor = current_processor();
 791
 792
 793 #define load_context_kprintf(x...) /* kprintf("load_context: " x) */
 794
 795         load_context_kprintf("machine_set_current_thread\n");
 796         machine_set_current_thread(thread);
 797
 798         load_context_kprintf("processor_up\n");
 799
 800         PMAP_ACTIVATE_KERNEL(processor->cpu_id);
 801
 802         /*
 803          * Acquire a stack if none attached.  The panic
 804          * should never occur since the thread is expected
 805          * to have reserved stack.
 806          */
 807         load_context_kprintf("thread %p, stack %lx, stackptr %lx\n", thread,
 808             thread->kernel_stack, thread->machine.kstackptr);
 809         if (!thread->kernel_stack) {
 810                 load_context_kprintf("stack_alloc_try\n");
 811                 if (!stack_alloc_try(thread)) {
 812                         panic("load_context");
 813                 }
 814         }
 815
 816         /*
 817          * The idle processor threads are not counted as
 818          * running for load calculations.
 819          */
 820         if (!(thread->state & TH_IDLE)) {
 821                 SCHED(run_count_incr)(thread);
 822         }
 823
 824         processor->active_thread = thread;
 825         processor_state_update_explicit(processor, thread->sched_pri,
 826             SFI_CLASS_KERNEL, PSET_SMP, thread_get_perfcontrol_class(thread), THREAD_URGENCY_NONE);
 827         processor->current_is_bound = thread->bound_processor != PROCESSOR_NULL;
 828         processor->current_is_NO_SMT = false;
 829         processor->starting_pri = thread->sched_pri;
 830         processor->deadline = UINT64_MAX;
 831         thread->last_processor = processor;
 832
 833         processor_up(processor);
 834
 835         processor->last_dispatch = mach_absolute_time();
 836         timer_start(&thread->system_timer, processor->last_dispatch);
 837         PROCESSOR_DATA(processor, thread_timer) = PROCESSOR_DATA(processor, kernel_timer) = &thread->system_timer;
 838
 839         timer_start(&PROCESSOR_DATA(processor, system_state), processor->last_dispatch);
 840         PROCESSOR_DATA(processor, current_state) = &PROCESSOR_DATA(processor, system_state);
 841
 842
 843         cpu_quiescent_counter_join(processor->last_dispatch);
 844
 845         PMAP_ACTIVATE_USER(thread, processor->cpu_id);
 846
 847         load_context_kprintf("machine_load_context\n");
 848
 849 #if __arm__ || __arm64__
 850 #if __SMP__
 851         /* TODO: Should this be ordered? */
 852         thread->machine.machine_thread_flags |= MACHINE_THREAD_FLAGS_ON_CPU;
 853 #endif /* __SMP__ */
 854 #endif /* __arm__ || __arm64__ */
 855
 856         machine_load_context(thread);
 857         /*NOTREACHED*/
 858 }
 859
 860 void
 861 scale_setup()
 862 {
 863         int scale = 0;
 864 #if defined(__LP64__)
 865         typeof(task_max) task_max_base = task_max;
 866
 867         /* Raise limits for servers with >= 16G */
 868         if ((serverperfmode != 0) && ((uint64_t)sane_size >= (uint64_t)(16 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024ULL))) {
 869                 scale = (int)((uint64_t)sane_size / (uint64_t)(8 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024ULL));
 870                 /* limit to 128 G */
 871                 if (scale > 16) {
 872                         scale = 16;
 873                 }
 874                 task_max_base = 2500;
 875                 /* Raise limits for machines with >= 3GB */
 876         } else if ((uint64_t)sane_size >= (uint64_t)(3 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024ULL)) {
 877                 if ((uint64_t)sane_size < (uint64_t)(8 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024ULL)) {
 878                         scale = 2;
 879                 } else {
 880                         /* limit to 64GB */
 881                         scale = MIN(16, (int)((uint64_t)sane_size / (uint64_t)(4 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024ULL)));
 882                 }
 883         }
 884
 885         task_max = MAX(task_max, task_max_base * scale);
 886
 887         if (scale != 0) {
 888                 task_threadmax = task_max;
 889                 thread_max = task_max * 5;
 890         }
 891
 892 #endif
 893
 894         bsd_scale_setup(scale);
 895
 896         ipc_space_max = SPACE_MAX;
 897         ipc_port_max = PORT_MAX;
 898         ipc_pset_max = SET_MAX;
 899         semaphore_max = SEMAPHORE_MAX;
 900 }