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28 #ifndef _IOMEMORYDESCRIPTOR_H
29 #define _IOMEMORYDESCRIPTOR_H
31 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
33 #include <IOKit/IOTypes.h>
34 #include <IOKit/IOLocks.h>
35 #include <libkern/c++/OSContainers.h>
37 #include <mach/memory_object_types.h>
43 * Direction of transfer, with respect to the described memory.
49 #endif /* !__LP64__ */
51 kIODirectionNone
= 0x0, // same as VM_PROT_NONE
52 kIODirectionIn
= 0x1, // User land 'read', same as VM_PROT_READ
53 kIODirectionOut
= 0x2, // User land 'write', same as VM_PROT_WRITE
54 kIODirectionOutIn
= kIODirectionOut
| kIODirectionIn
,
55 kIODirectionInOut
= kIODirectionIn
| kIODirectionOut
58 typedef IOOptionBits IODirection
;
62 * IOOptionBits used in the withOptions variant
65 kIOMemoryDirectionMask
= 0x00000007,
66 #ifdef XNU_KERNEL_PRIVATE
67 kIOMemoryAutoPrepare
= 0x00000008, // Shared with Buffer MD
70 kIOMemoryTypeVirtual
= 0x00000010,
71 kIOMemoryTypePhysical
= 0x00000020,
72 kIOMemoryTypeUPL
= 0x00000030,
73 kIOMemoryTypePersistentMD
= 0x00000040, // Persistent Memory Descriptor
74 kIOMemoryTypeUIO
= 0x00000050,
76 kIOMemoryTypeVirtual64
= kIOMemoryTypeVirtual
,
77 kIOMemoryTypePhysical64
= kIOMemoryTypePhysical
,
79 kIOMemoryTypeVirtual64
= 0x00000060,
80 kIOMemoryTypePhysical64
= 0x00000070,
81 #endif /* !__LP64__ */
82 kIOMemoryTypeMask
= 0x000000f0,
84 kIOMemoryAsReference
= 0x00000100,
85 kIOMemoryBufferPageable
= 0x00000400,
86 kIOMemoryMapperNone
= 0x00000800,
87 #ifdef XNU_KERNEL_PRIVATE
88 kIOMemoryRedirected
= 0x00004000,
89 kIOMemoryPreparedReadOnly
= 0x00008000,
91 kIOMemoryPersistent
= 0x00010000,
92 #ifdef XNU_KERNEL_PRIVATE
93 kIOMemoryReserved6156215
= 0x00020000,
95 kIOMemoryThreadSafe
= 0x00100000, // Shared with Buffer MD
98 #define kIOMapperSystem ((IOMapper *) 0)
102 kIOMemoryPurgeableKeepCurrent
= 1,
103 kIOMemoryPurgeableNonVolatile
= 2,
104 kIOMemoryPurgeableVolatile
= 3,
105 kIOMemoryPurgeableEmpty
= 4
109 kIOMemoryIncoherentIOFlush
= 1,
110 kIOMemoryIncoherentIOStore
= 2,
113 #define IOMEMORYDESCRIPTOR_SUPPORTS_DMACOMMAND 1
117 kIOPreparationIDUnprepared
= 0,
118 kIOPreparationIDUnsupported
= 1,
119 kIOPreparationIDAlwaysPrepared
= 2,
122 /*! @class IOMemoryDescriptor : public OSObject
123 @abstract An abstract base class defining common methods for describing physical or virtual memory.
124 @discussion The IOMemoryDescriptor object represents a buffer or range of memory, specified as one or more physical or virtual address ranges. It contains methods to return the memory's physically contiguous segments (fragments), for use with the IOMemoryCursor, and methods to map the memory into any address space with caching and placed mapping options. */
126 class IOMemoryDescriptor
: public OSObject
128 friend class IOMemoryMap
;
130 OSDeclareDefaultStructors(IOMemoryDescriptor
);
133 /*! @struct ExpansionData
134 @discussion This structure will be used to expand the capablilties of this class in the future.
136 struct ExpansionData
{
138 unsigned int pagerContig
:1;
139 unsigned int unused
:31;
140 IOMemoryDescriptor
* memory
;
144 Reserved for future use. (Internal use only) */
145 ExpansionData
* reserved
;
153 uint64_t __iomd_reserved1
;
154 uint64_t __iomd_reserved2
;
155 uint64_t __iomd_reserved3
;
156 uint64_t __iomd_reserved4
;
157 #else /* !__LP64__ */
158 IODirection _direction
; /* use _flags instead */
159 #endif /* !__LP64__ */
160 IOByteCount _length
; /* length of all ranges */
164 typedef IOOptionBits DMACommandOps
;
166 virtual IOPhysicalAddress
getSourceSegment( IOByteCount offset
,
167 IOByteCount
* length
) APPLE_KEXT_DEPRECATED
;
168 #endif /* !__LP64__ */
170 /*! @function initWithOptions
171 @abstract Master initialiser for all variants of memory descriptors. For a more complete description see IOMemoryDescriptor::withOptions.
172 @discussion Note this function can be used to re-init a previously created memory descriptor.
173 @result true on success, false on failure. */
174 virtual bool initWithOptions(void * buffers
,
178 IOOptionBits options
,
179 IOMapper
* mapper
= kIOMapperSystem
);
182 virtual addr64_t
getPhysicalSegment64( IOByteCount offset
,
183 IOByteCount
* length
) APPLE_KEXT_DEPRECATED
; /* use getPhysicalSegment() and kIOMemoryMapperNone instead */
184 #endif /* !__LP64__ */
186 /*! @function setPurgeable
187 @abstract Control the purgeable status of a memory descriptors memory.
188 @discussion Buffers may be allocated with the ability to have their purgeable status changed - IOBufferMemoryDescriptor with the kIOMemoryPurgeable option, VM_FLAGS_PURGEABLE may be passed to vm_allocate() in user space to allocate such buffers. The purgeable status of such a buffer may be controlled with setPurgeable(). The process of making a purgeable memory descriptor non-volatile and determining its previous state is atomic - if a purgeable memory descriptor is made nonvolatile and the old state is returned as kIOMemoryPurgeableVolatile, then the memory's previous contents are completely intact and will remain so until the memory is made volatile again. If the old state is returned as kIOMemoryPurgeableEmpty then the memory was reclaimed while it was in a volatile state and its previous contents have been lost.
189 @param newState - the desired new purgeable state of the memory:<br>
190 kIOMemoryPurgeableKeepCurrent - make no changes to the memory's purgeable state.<br>
191 kIOMemoryPurgeableVolatile - make the memory volatile - the memory may be reclaimed by the VM system without saving its contents to backing store.<br>
192 kIOMemoryPurgeableNonVolatile - make the memory nonvolatile - the memory is treated as with usual allocations and must be saved to backing store if paged.<br>
193 kIOMemoryPurgeableEmpty - make the memory volatile, and discard any pages allocated to it.
194 @param oldState - if non-NULL, the previous purgeable state of the memory is returned here:<br>
195 kIOMemoryPurgeableNonVolatile - the memory was nonvolatile.<br>
196 kIOMemoryPurgeableVolatile - the memory was volatile but its content has not been discarded by the VM system.<br>
197 kIOMemoryPurgeableEmpty - the memory was volatile and has been discarded by the VM system.<br>
198 @result An IOReturn code. */
200 virtual IOReturn
setPurgeable( IOOptionBits newState
,
201 IOOptionBits
* oldState
);
203 /*! @function performOperation
204 @abstract Perform an operation on the memory descriptor's memory.
205 @discussion This method performs some operation on a range of the memory descriptor's memory. When a memory descriptor's memory is not mapped, it should be more efficient to use this method than mapping the memory to perform the operation virtually.
206 @param options The operation to perform on the memory:<br>
207 kIOMemoryIncoherentIOFlush - pass this option to store to memory and flush any data in the processor cache for the memory range, with synchronization to ensure the data has passed through all levels of processor cache. It may not be supported on all architectures. This type of flush may be used for non-coherent I/O such as AGP - it is NOT required for PCI coherent operations. The memory descriptor must have been previously prepared.<br>
208 kIOMemoryIncoherentIOStore - pass this option to store to memory any data in the processor cache for the memory range, with synchronization to ensure the data has passed through all levels of processor cache. It may not be supported on all architectures. This type of flush may be used for non-coherent I/O such as AGP - it is NOT required for PCI coherent operations. The memory descriptor must have been previously prepared.
209 @param offset A byte offset into the memory descriptor's memory.
210 @param length The length of the data range.
211 @result An IOReturn code. */
213 virtual IOReturn
performOperation( IOOptionBits options
,
214 IOByteCount offset
, IOByteCount length
);
216 // Used for dedicated communications for IODMACommand
217 virtual IOReturn
dmaCommandOperation(DMACommandOps op
, void *vData
, UInt dataSize
) const;
219 /*! @function getPhysicalSegment
220 @abstract Break a memory descriptor into its physically contiguous segments.
221 @discussion This method returns the physical address of the byte at the given offset into the memory, and optionally the length of the physically contiguous segment from that offset.
222 @param offset A byte offset into the memory whose physical address to return.
223 @param length If non-zero, getPhysicalSegment will store here the length of the physically contiguous segement at the given offset.
224 @result A physical address, or zero if the offset is beyond the length of the memory. */
227 virtual addr64_t
getPhysicalSegment( IOByteCount offset
,
228 IOByteCount
* length
,
229 IOOptionBits options
= 0 ) = 0;
230 #else /* !__LP64__ */
231 virtual addr64_t
getPhysicalSegment( IOByteCount offset
,
232 IOByteCount
* length
,
233 IOOptionBits options
);
234 #endif /* !__LP64__ */
236 virtual uint64_t getPreparationID( void );
239 OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUsed(IOMemoryDescriptor
, 0);
241 OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOMemoryDescriptor
, 1);
242 OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOMemoryDescriptor
, 2);
243 OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOMemoryDescriptor
, 3);
244 OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOMemoryDescriptor
, 4);
245 OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOMemoryDescriptor
, 5);
246 OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOMemoryDescriptor
, 6);
247 OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOMemoryDescriptor
, 7);
248 #else /* !__LP64__ */
249 OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUsed(IOMemoryDescriptor
, 1);
250 OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUsed(IOMemoryDescriptor
, 2);
251 OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUsed(IOMemoryDescriptor
, 3);
252 OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUsed(IOMemoryDescriptor
, 4);
253 OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUsed(IOMemoryDescriptor
, 5);
254 OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUsed(IOMemoryDescriptor
, 6);
255 OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUsed(IOMemoryDescriptor
, 7);
256 #endif /* !__LP64__ */
257 OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOMemoryDescriptor
, 8);
258 OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOMemoryDescriptor
, 9);
259 OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOMemoryDescriptor
, 10);
260 OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOMemoryDescriptor
, 11);
261 OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOMemoryDescriptor
, 12);
262 OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOMemoryDescriptor
, 13);
263 OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOMemoryDescriptor
, 14);
264 OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOMemoryDescriptor
, 15);
269 static void initialize( void );
272 /*! @function withAddress
273 @abstract Create an IOMemoryDescriptor to describe one virtual range of the kernel task.
274 @discussion This method creates and initializes an IOMemoryDescriptor for memory consisting of a single virtual memory range mapped into the kernel map. This memory descriptor needs to be prepared before it can be used to extract data from the memory described.
275 @param address The virtual address of the first byte in the memory.
276 @param withLength The length of memory.
277 @param withDirection An I/O direction to be associated with the descriptor, which may affect the operation of the prepare and complete methods on some architectures.
278 @result The created IOMemoryDescriptor on success, to be released by the caller, or zero on failure. */
280 static IOMemoryDescriptor
* withAddress(void * address
,
281 IOByteCount withLength
,
282 IODirection withDirection
);
285 static IOMemoryDescriptor
* withAddress(IOVirtualAddress address
,
286 IOByteCount withLength
,
287 IODirection withDirection
,
288 task_t withTask
) APPLE_KEXT_DEPRECATED
; /* use withAddressRange() and prepare() instead */
289 #endif /* !__LP64__ */
291 /*! @function withPhysicalAddress
292 @abstract Create an IOMemoryDescriptor to describe one physical range.
293 @discussion This method creates and initializes an IOMemoryDescriptor for memory consisting of a single physical memory range.
294 @param address The physical address of the first byte in the memory.
295 @param withLength The length of memory.
296 @param withDirection An I/O direction to be associated with the descriptor, which may affect the operation of the prepare and complete methods on some architectures.
297 @result The created IOMemoryDescriptor on success, to be released by the caller, or zero on failure. */
299 static IOMemoryDescriptor
* withPhysicalAddress(
300 IOPhysicalAddress address
,
301 IOByteCount withLength
,
302 IODirection withDirection
);
305 static IOMemoryDescriptor
* withRanges(IOVirtualRange
* ranges
,
307 IODirection withDirection
,
309 bool asReference
= false) APPLE_KEXT_DEPRECATED
; /* use withAddressRanges() instead */
310 #endif /* !__LP64__ */
312 /*! @function withAddressRange
313 @abstract Create an IOMemoryDescriptor to describe one virtual range of the specified map.
314 @discussion This method creates and initializes an IOMemoryDescriptor for memory consisting of a single virtual memory range mapped into the specified map. This memory descriptor needs to be prepared before it can be used to extract data from the memory described.
315 @param address The virtual address of the first byte in the memory.
316 @param withLength The length of memory.
318 kIOMemoryDirectionMask (options:direction) This nibble indicates the I/O direction to be associated with the descriptor, which may affect the operation of the prepare and complete methods on some architectures.
319 @param task The task the virtual ranges are mapped into. Note that unlike IOMemoryDescriptor::withAddress(), kernel_task memory must be explicitly prepared when passed to this api.
320 @result The created IOMemoryDescriptor on success, to be released by the caller, or zero on failure. */
322 static IOMemoryDescriptor
* withAddressRange(
323 mach_vm_address_t address
,
324 mach_vm_size_t length
,
325 IOOptionBits options
,
328 /*! @function withAddressRanges
329 @abstract Create an IOMemoryDescriptor to describe one or more virtual ranges.
330 @discussion This method creates and initializes an IOMemoryDescriptor for memory consisting of an array of virtual memory ranges each mapped into a specified source task. This memory descriptor needs to be prepared before it can be used to extract data from the memory described.
331 @param ranges An array of IOAddressRange structures which specify the virtual ranges in the specified map which make up the memory to be described. IOAddressRange is the 64bit version of IOVirtualRange.
332 @param rangeCount The member count of the ranges array.
334 kIOMemoryDirectionMask (options:direction) This nibble indicates the I/O direction to be associated with the descriptor, which may affect the operation of the prepare and complete methods on some architectures.
335 kIOMemoryAsReference For options:type = Virtual or Physical this indicate that the memory descriptor need not copy the ranges array into local memory. This is an optimisation to try to minimise unnecessary allocations.
336 @param task The task each of the virtual ranges are mapped into. Note that unlike IOMemoryDescriptor::withAddress(), kernel_task memory must be explicitly prepared when passed to this api.
337 @result The created IOMemoryDescriptor on success, to be released by the caller, or zero on failure. */
339 static IOMemoryDescriptor
* withAddressRanges(
340 IOAddressRange
* ranges
,
342 IOOptionBits options
,
345 /*! @function withOptions
346 @abstract Master initialiser for all variants of memory descriptors.
347 @discussion This method creates and initializes an IOMemoryDescriptor for memory it has three main variants: Virtual, Physical & mach UPL. These variants are selected with the options parameter, see below. This memory descriptor needs to be prepared before it can be used to extract data from the memory described.
350 @param buffers A pointer to an array of IOAddressRange when options:type is kIOMemoryTypeVirtual64 or kIOMemoryTypePhysical64 or a 64bit kernel. For type UPL it is a upl_t returned by the mach/memory_object_types.h apis, primarily used internally by the UBC. IOVirtualRanges or IOPhysicalRanges are 32 bit only types for use when options:type is kIOMemoryTypeVirtual or kIOMemoryTypePhysical on 32bit kernels.
352 @param count options:type = Virtual or Physical count contains a count of the number of entires in the buffers array. For options:type = UPL this field contains a total length.
354 @param offset Only used when options:type = UPL, in which case this field contains an offset for the memory within the buffers upl.
356 @param task Only used options:type = Virtual, The task each of the virtual ranges are mapped into.
359 kIOMemoryDirectionMask (options:direction) This nibble indicates the I/O direction to be associated with the descriptor, which may affect the operation of the prepare and complete methods on some architectures.
360 kIOMemoryTypeMask (options:type) kIOMemoryTypeVirtual64, kIOMemoryTypeVirtual, kIOMemoryTypePhysical64, kIOMemoryTypePhysical, kIOMemoryTypeUPL Indicates that what type of memory basic memory descriptor to use. This sub-field also controls the interpretation of the buffers, count, offset & task parameters.
361 kIOMemoryAsReference For options:type = Virtual or Physical this indicate that the memory descriptor need not copy the ranges array into local memory. This is an optimisation to try to minimise unnecessary allocations.
362 kIOMemoryBufferPageable Only used by the IOBufferMemoryDescriptor as an indication that the kernel virtual memory is in fact pageable and we need to use the kernel pageable submap rather than the default map.
364 @param mapper Which IOMapper should be used to map the in-memory physical addresses into I/O space addresses. Defaults to 0 which indicates that the system mapper is to be used, if present.
366 @result The created IOMemoryDescriptor on success, to be released by the caller, or zero on failure. */
368 static IOMemoryDescriptor
*withOptions(void * buffers
,
372 IOOptionBits options
,
373 IOMapper
* mapper
= kIOMapperSystem
);
376 static IOMemoryDescriptor
* withPhysicalRanges(
377 IOPhysicalRange
* ranges
,
379 IODirection withDirection
,
380 bool asReference
= false) APPLE_KEXT_DEPRECATED
; /* use withOptions() and kIOMemoryTypePhysical instead */
381 #endif /* !__LP64__ */
384 static IOMemoryDescriptor
* withSubRange(IOMemoryDescriptor
*of
,
387 IODirection withDirection
) APPLE_KEXT_DEPRECATED
; /* use IOSubMemoryDescriptor::withSubRange() and kIOMemoryThreadSafe instead */
388 #endif /* !__LP64__ */
390 /*! @function withPersistentMemoryDescriptor
391 @abstract Copy constructor that generates a new memory descriptor if the backing memory for the same task's virtual address and length has changed.
392 @discussion If the original memory descriptor's address and length is still backed by the same real memory, i.e. the user hasn't deallocated and the reallocated memory at the same address then the original memory descriptor is returned with a additional reference. Otherwise we build a totally new memory descriptor with the same characteristics as the previous one but with a new view of the vm. Note not legal to call this function with anything except an IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor that was created with the kIOMemoryPersistent option.
393 @param originalMD The memory descriptor to be duplicated.
394 @result Either the original memory descriptor with an additional retain or a new memory descriptor, 0 for a bad original memory descriptor or some other resource shortage. */
395 static IOMemoryDescriptor
*
396 withPersistentMemoryDescriptor(IOMemoryDescriptor
*originalMD
);
399 // obsolete initializers
400 // - initWithOptions is the designated initializer
401 virtual bool initWithAddress(void * address
,
402 IOByteCount withLength
,
403 IODirection withDirection
) APPLE_KEXT_DEPRECATED
; /* use initWithOptions() instead */
404 virtual bool initWithAddress(IOVirtualAddress address
,
405 IOByteCount withLength
,
406 IODirection withDirection
,
407 task_t withTask
) APPLE_KEXT_DEPRECATED
; /* use initWithOptions() instead */
408 virtual bool initWithPhysicalAddress(
409 IOPhysicalAddress address
,
410 IOByteCount withLength
,
411 IODirection withDirection
) APPLE_KEXT_DEPRECATED
; /* use initWithOptions() instead */
412 virtual bool initWithRanges(IOVirtualRange
* ranges
,
414 IODirection withDirection
,
416 bool asReference
= false) APPLE_KEXT_DEPRECATED
; /* use initWithOptions() instead */
417 virtual bool initWithPhysicalRanges(IOPhysicalRange
* ranges
,
419 IODirection withDirection
,
420 bool asReference
= false) APPLE_KEXT_DEPRECATED
; /* use initWithOptions() instead */
421 #endif /* __LP64__ */
423 /*! @function getDirection
424 @abstract Accessor to get the direction the memory descriptor was created with.
425 @discussion This method returns the direction the memory descriptor was created with.
426 @result The direction. */
428 virtual IODirection
getDirection() const;
430 /*! @function getLength
431 @abstract Accessor to get the length of the memory descriptor (over all its ranges).
432 @discussion This method returns the total length of the memory described by the descriptor, ie. the sum of its ranges' lengths.
433 @result The byte count. */
435 virtual IOByteCount
getLength() const;
438 @abstract Set the tag for the memory descriptor.
439 @discussion This method sets the tag for the memory descriptor. Tag bits are not interpreted by IOMemoryDescriptor.
440 @param tag The tag. */
442 virtual void setTag( IOOptionBits tag
);
445 @abstract Accessor to the retrieve the tag for the memory descriptor.
446 @discussion This method returns the tag for the memory descriptor. Tag bits are not interpreted by IOMemoryDescriptor.
449 virtual IOOptionBits
getTag( void );
451 /*! @function readBytes
452 @abstract Copy data from the memory descriptor's buffer to the specified buffer.
453 @discussion This method copies data from the memory descriptor's memory at the given offset, to the caller's buffer. The memory descriptor MUST have the kIODirectionOut direcction bit set and be prepared. kIODirectionOut means that this memory descriptor will be output to an external device, so readBytes is used to get memory into a local buffer for a PIO transfer to the device.
454 @param offset A byte offset into the memory descriptor's memory.
455 @param bytes The caller supplied buffer to copy the data to.
456 @param withLength The length of the data to copy.
457 @result The number of bytes copied, zero will be returned if the specified offset is beyond the length of the descriptor. Development/debug kernel builds will assert if the offset is beyond the length of the descriptor. */
459 virtual IOByteCount
readBytes(IOByteCount offset
,
460 void * bytes
, IOByteCount withLength
);
462 /*! @function writeBytes
463 @abstract Copy data to the memory descriptor's buffer from the specified buffer.
464 @discussion This method copies data to the memory descriptor's memory at the given offset, from the caller's buffer. The memory descriptor MUST have the kIODirectionIn direcction bit set and be prepared. kIODirectionIn means that this memory descriptor will be input from an external device, so writeBytes is used to write memory into the descriptor for PIO drivers.
465 @param offset A byte offset into the memory descriptor's memory.
466 @param bytes The caller supplied buffer to copy the data from.
467 @param withLength The length of the data to copy.
468 @result The number of bytes copied, zero will be returned if the specified offset is beyond the length of the descriptor. Development/debug kernel builds will assert if the offset is beyond the length of the descriptor. */
470 virtual IOByteCount
writeBytes(IOByteCount offset
,
471 const void * bytes
, IOByteCount withLength
);
474 virtual IOPhysicalAddress
getPhysicalSegment(IOByteCount offset
,
475 IOByteCount
* length
);
476 #endif /* !__LP64__ */
478 /*! @function getPhysicalAddress
479 @abstract Return the physical address of the first byte in the memory.
480 @discussion This method returns the physical address of the first byte in the memory. It is most useful on memory known to be physically contiguous.
481 @result A physical address. */
483 IOPhysicalAddress
getPhysicalAddress();
486 virtual void * getVirtualSegment(IOByteCount offset
,
487 IOByteCount
* length
) APPLE_KEXT_DEPRECATED
; /* use map() and getVirtualAddress() instead */
488 #endif /* !__LP64__ */
490 /*! @function prepare
491 @abstract Prepare the memory for an I/O transfer.
492 @discussion This involves paging in the memory, if necessary, and wiring it down for the duration of the transfer. The complete() method completes the processing of the memory after the I/O transfer finishes. Note that the prepare call is not thread safe and it is expected that the client will more easily be able to guarantee single threading a particular memory descriptor.
493 @param forDirection The direction of the I/O just completed, or kIODirectionNone for the direction specified by the memory descriptor.
494 @result An IOReturn code. */
496 virtual IOReturn
prepare(IODirection forDirection
= kIODirectionNone
) = 0;
498 /*! @function complete
499 @abstract Complete processing of the memory after an I/O transfer finishes.
500 @discussion This method should not be called unless a prepare was previously issued; the prepare() and complete() must occur in pairs, before and after an I/O transfer involving pageable memory. In 10.3 or greater systems the direction argument to complete is not longer respected. The direction is totally determined at prepare() time.
501 @param forDirection DEPRECATED The direction of the I/O just completed, or kIODirectionNone for the direction specified by the memory descriptor.
502 @result An IOReturn code. */
504 virtual IOReturn
complete(IODirection forDirection
= kIODirectionNone
) = 0;
510 /*! @function createMappingInTask
511 @abstract Maps a IOMemoryDescriptor into a task.
512 @discussion This is the general purpose method to map all or part of the memory described by a memory descriptor into a task at any available address, or at a fixed address if possible. Caching & read-only options may be set for the mapping. The mapping is represented as a returned reference to a IOMemoryMap object, which may be shared if the mapping is compatible with an existing mapping of the IOMemoryDescriptor. The IOMemoryMap object returned should be released only when the caller has finished accessing the mapping, as freeing the object destroys the mapping.
513 @param intoTask Sets the target task for the mapping. Pass kernel_task for the kernel address space.
514 @param atAddress If a placed mapping is requested, atAddress specifies its address, and the kIOMapAnywhere should not be set. Otherwise, atAddress is ignored.
515 @param options Mapping options are defined in IOTypes.h,<br>
516 kIOMapAnywhere should be passed if the mapping can be created anywhere. If not set, the atAddress parameter sets the location of the mapping, if it is available in the target map.<br>
517 kIOMapDefaultCache to inhibit the cache in I/O areas, kIOMapCopybackCache in general purpose RAM.<br>
518 kIOMapInhibitCache, kIOMapWriteThruCache, kIOMapCopybackCache to set the appropriate caching.<br>
519 kIOMapReadOnly to allow only read only accesses to the memory - writes will cause and access fault.<br>
520 kIOMapReference will only succeed if the mapping already exists, and the IOMemoryMap object is just an extra reference, ie. no new mapping will be created.<br>
521 kIOMapUnique allows a special kind of mapping to be created that may be used with the IOMemoryMap::redirect() API. These mappings will not be shared as is the default - there will always be a unique mapping created for the caller, not an existing mapping with an extra reference.<br>
522 @param offset Is a beginning offset into the IOMemoryDescriptor's memory where the mapping starts. Zero is the default to map all the memory.
523 @param length Is the length of the mapping requested for a subset of the IOMemoryDescriptor. Zero is the default to map all the memory.
524 @result A reference to an IOMemoryMap object representing the mapping, which can supply the virtual address of the mapping and other information. The mapping may be shared with multiple callers - multiple maps are avoided if a compatible one exists. The IOMemoryMap object returned should be released only when the caller has finished accessing the mapping, as freeing the object destroys the mapping. The IOMemoryMap instance also retains the IOMemoryDescriptor it maps while it exists. */
526 IOMemoryMap
* createMappingInTask(
528 mach_vm_address_t atAddress
,
529 IOOptionBits options
,
530 mach_vm_size_t offset
= 0,
531 mach_vm_size_t length
= 0 );
534 virtual IOMemoryMap
* map(
536 IOVirtualAddress atAddress
,
537 IOOptionBits options
,
538 IOByteCount offset
= 0,
539 IOByteCount length
= 0 ) APPLE_KEXT_DEPRECATED
; /* use createMappingInTask() instead */
540 #endif /* !__LP64__ */
543 @abstract Maps a IOMemoryDescriptor into the kernel map.
544 @discussion This is a shortcut method to map all the memory described by a memory descriptor into the kernel map at any available address. See the full version of the createMappingInTask method for further details.
545 @param options Mapping options as in the full version of the createMappingInTask method, with kIOMapAnywhere assumed.
546 @result See the full version of the createMappingInTask method. */
548 virtual IOMemoryMap
* map(
549 IOOptionBits options
= 0 );
551 /*! @function setMapping
552 @abstract Establishes an already existing mapping.
553 @discussion This method tells the IOMemoryDescriptor about a mapping that exists, but was created elsewhere. It allows later callers of the map method to share this externally created mapping. The IOMemoryMap object returned is created to represent it. This method is not commonly needed.
554 @param task Address space in which the mapping exists.
555 @param mapAddress Virtual address of the mapping.
556 @param options Caching and read-only attributes of the mapping.
557 @result A IOMemoryMap object created to represent the mapping. */
559 virtual IOMemoryMap
* setMapping(
561 IOVirtualAddress mapAddress
,
562 IOOptionBits options
= 0 );
564 // Following methods are private implementation
568 #endif /* __LP64__ */
569 IOReturn
redirect( task_t safeTask
, bool redirect
);
571 IOReturn
handleFault(
574 mach_vm_address_t address
,
575 mach_vm_size_t sourceOffset
,
576 mach_vm_size_t length
,
577 IOOptionBits options
);
579 virtual IOMemoryMap
* makeMapping(
580 IOMemoryDescriptor
* owner
,
582 IOVirtualAddress atAddress
,
583 IOOptionBits options
,
585 IOByteCount length
);
588 virtual void addMapping(
589 IOMemoryMap
* mapping
);
591 virtual void removeMapping(
592 IOMemoryMap
* mapping
);
594 virtual IOReturn
doMap(
596 IOVirtualAddress
* atAddress
,
597 IOOptionBits options
,
598 IOByteCount sourceOffset
= 0,
599 IOByteCount length
= 0 );
601 virtual IOReturn
doUnmap(
603 IOVirtualAddress logical
,
604 IOByteCount length
);
607 /* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */
609 /*! @class IOMemoryMap : public OSObject
610 @abstract A class defining common methods for describing a memory mapping.
611 @discussion The IOMemoryMap object represents a mapped range of memory, described by a IOMemoryDescriptor. The mapping may be in the kernel or a non-kernel task and has processor cache mode attributes. IOMemoryMap instances are created by IOMemoryDescriptor when it creates mappings in its map method, and returned to the caller. */
613 class IOMemoryMap
: public OSObject
615 OSDeclareDefaultStructors(IOMemoryMap
)
616 #ifdef XNU_KERNEL_PRIVATE
618 IOMemoryDescriptor
* fMemory
;
619 IOMemoryMap
* fSuperMap
;
620 mach_vm_size_t fOffset
;
621 mach_vm_address_t fAddress
;
622 mach_vm_size_t fLength
;
624 vm_map_t fAddressMap
;
625 IOOptionBits fOptions
;
627 ipc_port_t fRedirEntry
;
628 IOMemoryDescriptor
* fOwner
;
629 uint8_t fUserClientUnmap
;
630 #endif /* XNU_KERNEL_PRIVATE */
633 virtual void taggedRelease(const void *tag
= 0) const;
637 /*! @function getVirtualAddress
638 @abstract Accessor to the virtual address of the first byte in the mapping.
639 @discussion This method returns the virtual address of the first byte in the mapping.
640 @result A virtual address. */
642 virtual IOVirtualAddress
getVirtualAddress();
644 /*! @function getPhysicalSegment
645 @abstract Break a mapping into its physically contiguous segments.
646 @discussion This method returns the physical address of the byte at the given offset into the mapping, and optionally the length of the physically contiguous segment from that offset. It functions similarly to IOMemoryDescriptor::getPhysicalSegment.
647 @param offset A byte offset into the mapping whose physical address to return.
648 @param length If non-zero, getPhysicalSegment will store here the length of the physically contiguous segement at the given offset.
649 @result A physical address, or zero if the offset is beyond the length of the mapping. */
652 virtual IOPhysicalAddress
getPhysicalSegment(IOByteCount offset
,
653 IOByteCount
* length
,
654 IOOptionBits options
= 0);
655 #else /* !__LP64__ */
656 virtual IOPhysicalAddress
getPhysicalSegment(IOByteCount offset
,
657 IOByteCount
* length
);
658 #endif /* !__LP64__ */
660 /*! @function getPhysicalAddress
661 @abstract Return the physical address of the first byte in the mapping.
662 @discussion This method returns the physical address of the first byte in the mapping. It is most useful on mappings known to be physically contiguous.
663 @result A physical address. */
665 IOPhysicalAddress
getPhysicalAddress();
667 /*! @function getLength
668 @abstract Accessor to the length of the mapping.
669 @discussion This method returns the length of the mapping.
670 @result A byte count. */
672 virtual IOByteCount
getLength();
674 /*! @function getAddressTask
675 @abstract Accessor to the task of the mapping.
676 @discussion This method returns the mach task the mapping exists in.
677 @result A mach task_t. */
679 virtual task_t
getAddressTask();
681 /*! @function getMemoryDescriptor
682 @abstract Accessor to the IOMemoryDescriptor the mapping was created from.
683 @discussion This method returns the IOMemoryDescriptor the mapping was created from.
684 @result An IOMemoryDescriptor reference, which is valid while the IOMemoryMap object is retained. It should not be released by the caller. */
686 virtual IOMemoryDescriptor
* getMemoryDescriptor();
688 /*! @function getMapOptions
689 @abstract Accessor to the options the mapping was created with.
690 @discussion This method returns the options to IOMemoryDescriptor::map the mapping was created with.
691 @result Options for the mapping, including cache settings. */
693 virtual IOOptionBits
getMapOptions();
696 @abstract Force the IOMemoryMap to unmap, without destroying the object.
697 @discussion IOMemoryMap instances will unmap themselves upon free, ie. when the last client with a reference calls release. This method forces the IOMemoryMap to destroy the mapping it represents, regardless of the number of clients. It is not generally used.
698 @result An IOReturn code. */
700 virtual IOReturn
unmap();
702 virtual void taskDied();
704 /*! @function redirect
705 @abstract Replace the memory mapped in a process with new backing memory.
706 @discussion An IOMemoryMap created with the kIOMapUnique option to IOMemoryDescriptor::map() can remapped to a new IOMemoryDescriptor backing object. If the new IOMemoryDescriptor is specified as NULL, client access to the memory map is blocked until a new backing object has been set. By blocking access and copying data, the caller can create atomic copies of the memory while the client is potentially reading or writing the memory.
707 @param newBackingMemory The IOMemoryDescriptor that represents the physical memory that is to be now mapped in the virtual range the IOMemoryMap represents. If newBackingMemory is NULL, any access to the mapping will hang (in vm_fault()) until access has been restored by a new call to redirect() with non-NULL newBackingMemory argument.
708 @param options Mapping options are defined in IOTypes.h, and are documented in IOMemoryDescriptor::map()
709 @param offset As with IOMemoryDescriptor::map(), a beginning offset into the IOMemoryDescriptor's memory where the mapping starts. Zero is the default.
710 @result An IOReturn code. */
713 // For 32 bit XNU, there is a 32 bit (IOByteCount) and a 64 bit (mach_vm_size_t) interface;
714 // for 64 bit, these fall together on the 64 bit one.
715 virtual IOReturn
redirect(IOMemoryDescriptor
* newBackingMemory
,
716 IOOptionBits options
,
717 IOByteCount offset
= 0);
719 virtual IOReturn
redirect(IOMemoryDescriptor
* newBackingMemory
,
720 IOOptionBits options
,
721 mach_vm_size_t offset
= 0);
724 inline mach_vm_address_t
getAddress() __attribute__((always_inline
));
725 inline mach_vm_size_t
getSize() __attribute__((always_inline
));
726 #else /* !__LP64__ */
727 virtual mach_vm_address_t
getAddress();
728 virtual mach_vm_size_t
getSize();
729 #endif /* !__LP64__ */
731 #ifdef XNU_KERNEL_PRIVATE
732 // for IOMemoryDescriptor use
733 IOMemoryMap
* copyCompatible( IOMemoryMap
* newMapping
);
737 mach_vm_address_t toAddress
,
738 IOOptionBits options
,
739 mach_vm_size_t offset
,
740 mach_vm_size_t length
);
742 bool setMemoryDescriptor(IOMemoryDescriptor
* _memory
, mach_vm_size_t _offset
);
745 task_t intoTask
, bool redirect
);
747 IOReturn
userClientUnmap();
748 #endif /* XNU_KERNEL_PRIVATE */
750 OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOMemoryMap
, 0);
751 OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOMemoryMap
, 1);
752 OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOMemoryMap
, 2);
753 OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOMemoryMap
, 3);
754 OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOMemoryMap
, 4);
755 OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOMemoryMap
, 5);
756 OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOMemoryMap
, 6);
757 OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOMemoryMap
, 7);
760 /* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */
761 #ifdef XNU_KERNEL_PRIVATE
762 // Also these flags should not overlap with the options to
763 // IOMemoryDescriptor::initWithRanges(... IOOptionsBits options);
765 _kIOMemorySourceSegment
= 0x00002000
767 #endif /* XNU_KERNEL_PRIVATE */
769 #if !defined(__LP64) || defined(_IOMEMORYDESCRIPTOR_INTERNAL_)
771 // The following classes are private implementation of IOMemoryDescriptor - they
772 // should not be referenced directly, just through the public API's in the
773 // IOMemoryDescriptor class. For example, an IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor instance
774 // might be created by IOMemoryDescriptor::withAddressRange(), but there should be
775 // no need to reference as anything but a generic IOMemoryDescriptor *.
777 class IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor
: public IOMemoryDescriptor
779 OSDeclareDefaultStructors(IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor
);
790 unsigned _rangesCount
; /* number of address ranges in list */
792 bool _rangesIsAllocated
; /* is list allocated by us? */
793 #endif /* !__LP64__ */
795 task_t _task
; /* task where all ranges are mapped to */
800 } _singleRange
; /* storage space for a single range */
802 unsigned _wireCount
; /* number of outstanding wires */
805 uintptr_t _cachedVirtualAddress
;
807 IOPhysicalAddress _cachedPhysicalAddress
;
808 #endif /* !__LP64__ */
810 bool _initialized
; /* has superclass been initialized? */
815 virtual IOReturn
dmaCommandOperation(DMACommandOps op
, void *vData
, UInt dataSize
) const;
817 virtual uint64_t getPreparationID( void );
822 virtual void setPosition(IOByteCount position
);
823 virtual void mapIntoKernel(unsigned rangeIndex
);
824 virtual void unmapFromKernel();
825 #endif /* !__LP64__ */
827 // Internal APIs may be made virtual at some time in the future.
828 IOReturn
wireVirtual(IODirection forDirection
);
829 void *createNamedEntry();
832 OSData
* _memoryEntries
;
834 ppnum_t _highestPage
;
835 uint32_t __iomd_reservedA
;
836 uint32_t __iomd_reservedB
;
838 IOLock
* _prepareLock
;
842 * IOMemoryDescriptor required methods
846 virtual bool initWithOptions(void * buffers
,
850 IOOptionBits options
,
851 IOMapper
* mapper
= kIOMapperSystem
);
854 // Secondary initialisers
855 virtual bool initWithAddress(void * address
,
856 IOByteCount withLength
,
857 IODirection withDirection
) APPLE_KEXT_DEPRECATED
;
859 virtual bool initWithAddress(IOVirtualAddress address
,
860 IOByteCount withLength
,
861 IODirection withDirection
,
862 task_t withTask
) APPLE_KEXT_DEPRECATED
;
864 virtual bool initWithPhysicalAddress(
865 IOPhysicalAddress address
,
866 IOByteCount withLength
,
867 IODirection withDirection
) APPLE_KEXT_DEPRECATED
;
869 virtual bool initWithRanges( IOVirtualRange
* ranges
,
871 IODirection withDirection
,
873 bool asReference
= false) APPLE_KEXT_DEPRECATED
;
875 virtual bool initWithPhysicalRanges(IOPhysicalRange
* ranges
,
877 IODirection withDirection
,
878 bool asReference
= false) APPLE_KEXT_DEPRECATED
;
880 virtual addr64_t
getPhysicalSegment64( IOByteCount offset
,
881 IOByteCount
* length
) APPLE_KEXT_DEPRECATED
;
883 virtual IOPhysicalAddress
getPhysicalSegment(IOByteCount offset
,
884 IOByteCount
* length
);
886 virtual IOPhysicalAddress
getSourceSegment(IOByteCount offset
,
887 IOByteCount
* length
) APPLE_KEXT_DEPRECATED
;
889 virtual void * getVirtualSegment(IOByteCount offset
,
890 IOByteCount
* length
) APPLE_KEXT_DEPRECATED
;
891 #endif /* !__LP64__ */
893 virtual IOReturn
setPurgeable( IOOptionBits newState
,
894 IOOptionBits
* oldState
);
896 virtual addr64_t
getPhysicalSegment( IOByteCount offset
,
897 IOByteCount
* length
,
899 IOOptionBits options
= 0 );
900 #else /* !__LP64__ */
901 IOOptionBits options
);
902 #endif /* !__LP64__ */
904 virtual IOReturn
prepare(IODirection forDirection
= kIODirectionNone
);
906 virtual IOReturn
complete(IODirection forDirection
= kIODirectionNone
);
908 virtual IOReturn
doMap(
910 IOVirtualAddress
* atAddress
,
911 IOOptionBits options
,
912 IOByteCount sourceOffset
= 0,
913 IOByteCount length
= 0 );
915 virtual IOReturn
doUnmap(
917 IOVirtualAddress logical
,
918 IOByteCount length
);
920 virtual bool serialize(OSSerialize
*s
) const;
922 // Factory method for cloning a persistent IOMD, see IOMemoryDescriptor
923 static IOMemoryDescriptor
*
924 withPersistentMemoryDescriptor(IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor
*originalMD
);
928 #endif /* !defined(__LP64) || defined(_IOMEMORYDESCRIPTOR_INTERNAL_) */
930 /* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */
933 mach_vm_address_t
IOMemoryMap::getAddress()
935 return (getVirtualAddress());
938 mach_vm_size_t
IOMemoryMap::getSize()
940 return (getLength());
942 #else /* !__LP64__ */
943 #include <IOKit/IOSubMemoryDescriptor.h>
944 #endif /* !__LP64__ */
946 /* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */
948 #endif /* !_IOMEMORYDESCRIPTOR_H */