iokit/IOKit/IOLib.h

   1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1998-2000 Apple Computer, Inc. All rights reserved.
   3  *
   4  * @APPLE_LICENSE_HEADER_START@
   5  *
   6  * The contents of this file constitute Original Code as defined in and
   7  * are subject to the Apple Public Source License Version 1.1 (the
   8  * "License").  You may not use this file except in compliance with the
   9  * License.  Please obtain a copy of the License at
  10  * http://www.apple.com/publicsource and read it before using this file.
  11  *
  12  * This Original Code and all software distributed under the License are
  13  * distributed on an "AS IS" basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER
  14  * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AND APPLE HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL SUCH WARRANTIES,
  15  * INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
  16  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR NON-INFRINGEMENT.  Please see the
  17  * License for the specific language governing rights and limitations
  18  * under the License.
  19  *
  20  * @APPLE_LICENSE_HEADER_END@
  21  */
  22 /*
  23  * Copyright (c) 1998 Apple Computer, Inc.  All rights reserved.
  24  *
  25  * HISTORY
  26  *
  27  */
  28
  29 #ifndef __IOKIT_IOLIB_H
  30 #define __IOKIT_IOLIB_H
  31
  32 #ifndef KERNEL
  33 #error IOLib.h is for kernel use only
  34 #endif
  35
  36 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
  37
  38 #include <sys/appleapiopts.h>
  39
  40 #include <IOKit/system.h>
  41
  42 #include <IOKit/IOReturn.h>
  43 #include <IOKit/IOTypes.h>
  44 #include <IOKit/IOLocks.h>
  45
  46 #include <libkern/OSAtomic.h>
  47
  48 __BEGIN_DECLS
  49
  50 #include <kern/thread_call.h>
  51 #include <kern/clock.h>
  52
  53 /*
  54  * min/max macros.
  55  */
  56
  57 #define min(a,b) ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))
  58 #define max(a,b) ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
  59
  60 /*
  61  * These are opaque to the user.
  62  */
  63 typedef thread_t IOThread;
  64 typedef void (*IOThreadFunc)(void *argument);
  65
  66 /*
  67  * Memory allocation functions.
  68  */
  69
  70 /*! @function IOMalloc
  71     @abstract Allocates general purpose, wired memory in the kernel map.
  72     @discussion This is a general purpose utility to allocate memory in the kernel. There are no alignment guarantees given on the returned memory, and alignment may vary depending on the kernel configuration. This function may block and so should not be called from interrupt level or while a simple lock is held.
  73     @param size Size of the memory requested.
  74     @result Pointer to the allocated memory, or zero on failure. */
  75
  76 void * IOMalloc(vm_size_t size);
  77
  78 /*! @function IOFree
  79     @abstract Frees memory allocated with IOMalloc.
  80     @discussion This function frees memory allocated with IOMalloc, it may block and so should not be called from interrupt level or while a simple lock is held.
  81     @param address Pointer to the allocated memory.
  82     @param size Size of the memory allocated. */
  83
  84 void   IOFree(void * address, vm_size_t size);
  85
  86 /*! @function IOMallocAligned
  87     @abstract Allocates wired memory in the kernel map, with an alignment restriction.
  88     @discussion This is a utility to allocate memory in the kernel, with an alignment restriction which is specified as a byte count. This function may block and so should not be called from interrupt level or while a simple lock is held.
  89     @param size Size of the memory requested.
  90     @param alignment Byte count of the alignment for the memory. For example, pass 256 to get memory allocated at an address with bit 0-7 zero.
  91     @result Pointer to the allocated memory, or zero on failure. */
  92
  93 void * IOMallocAligned(vm_size_t size, vm_offset_t alignment);
  94
  95 /*! @function IOFreeAligned
  96     @abstract Frees memory allocated with IOMallocAligned.
  97     @discussion This function frees memory allocated with IOMallocAligned, it may block and so should not be called from interrupt level or while a simple lock is held.
  98     @param address Pointer to the allocated memory.
  99     @param size Size of the memory allocated. */
 100
 101 void   IOFreeAligned(void * address, vm_size_t size);
 102
 103 /*! @function IOMallocContiguous
 104     @abstract Allocates wired memory in the kernel map, with an alignment restriction and physically contiguous.
 105     @discussion This is a utility to allocate memory in the kernel, with an alignment restriction which is specified as a byte count, and will allocate only physically contiguous memory. The request may fail if memory is fragmented, and may cause large amounts of paging activity. This function may block and so should not be called from interrupt level or while a simple lock is held.
 106     @param size Size of the memory requested.
 107     @param alignment Byte count of the alignment for the memory. For example, pass 256 to get memory allocated at an address with bits 0-7 zero.
 108     @param physicalAddress IOMallocContiguous returns the physical address of the allocated memory here, if physicalAddress is a non-zero pointer. The physicalAddress argument is deprecated and should be passed as NULL. To obtain the physical address for a memory buffer, use the IODMACommand class in conjunction with the IOMemoryDescriptor or IOBufferMemoryDescriptor classes.
 109     @result Virtual address of the allocated memory, or zero on failure. */
 110
 111 void * IOMallocContiguous(vm_size_t size, vm_size_t alignment,
 112                            IOPhysicalAddress * physicalAddress);
 113
 114 /*! @function IOFreeContiguous
 115     @abstract Frees memory allocated with IOMallocContiguous.
 116     @discussion This function frees memory allocated with IOMallocContiguous, it may block and so should not be called from interrupt level or while a simple lock is held.
 117     @param address Virtual address of the allocated memory.
 118     @param size Size of the memory allocated. */
 119
 120 void   IOFreeContiguous(void * address, vm_size_t size);
 121
 122
 123 /*! @function IOMallocPageable
 124     @abstract Allocates pageable memory in the kernel map.
 125     @discussion This is a utility to allocate pageable memory in the kernel. This function may block and so should not be called from interrupt level or while a simple lock is held.
 126     @param size Size of the memory requested.
 127     @param alignment Byte count of the alignment for the memory. For example, pass 256 to get memory allocated at an address with bits 0-7 zero.
 128     @result Pointer to the allocated memory, or zero on failure. */
 129
 130 void * IOMallocPageable(vm_size_t size, vm_size_t alignment);
 131
 132 /*! @function IOFreePageable
 133     @abstract Frees memory allocated with IOMallocPageable.
 134     @discussion This function frees memory allocated with IOMallocPageable, it may block and so should not be called from interrupt level or while a simple lock is held.
 135     @param address Virtual address of the allocated memory.
 136     @param size Size of the memory allocated. */
 137
 138 void IOFreePageable(void * address, vm_size_t size);
 139
 140 /*
 141  * Typed memory allocation macros. Both may block.
 142  */
 143 #define IONew(type,number)        (type*)IOMalloc(sizeof(type) * (number) )
 144 #define IODelete(ptr,type,number) IOFree( (ptr) , sizeof(type) * (number) )
 145
 146 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 147 //
 148 //
 149 //      These functions are now implemented in IOMapper.cpp
 150 //
 151 //
 152 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 153
 154 /*! @function IOMappedRead8
 155     @abstract Read one byte from the desired "Physical" IOSpace address.
 156     @discussion Read one byte from the desired "Physical" IOSpace address.  This function allows the developer to read an address returned from any memory descriptor's getPhysicalSegment routine.  It can then be used by segmenting a physical page slightly to tag the physical page with its kernel space virtual address.
 157     @param address The desired address, as returned by IOMemoryDescriptor::getPhysicalSegment.
 158     @result Data contained at that location */
 159
 160 UInt8 IOMappedRead8(IOPhysicalAddress address);
 161
 162 /*! @function IOMappedRead16
 163     @abstract Read two bytes from the desired "Physical" IOSpace address.
 164     @discussion Read two bytes from the desired "Physical" IOSpace address.  This function allows the developer to read an address returned from any memory descriptor's getPhysicalSegment routine.  It can then be used by segmenting a physical page slightly to tag the physical page with its kernel space virtual address.
 165     @param address The desired address, as returned by IOMemoryDescriptor::getPhysicalSegment.
 166     @result Data contained at that location */
 167
 168 UInt16 IOMappedRead16(IOPhysicalAddress address);
 169
 170 /*! @function IOMappedRead32
 171     @abstract Read four bytes from the desired "Physical" IOSpace address.
 172     @discussion Read four bytes from the desired "Physical" IOSpace address.  This function allows the developer to read an address returned from any memory descriptor's getPhysicalSegment routine.  It can then be used by segmenting a physical page slightly to tag the physical page with its kernel space virtual address.
 173     @param address The desired address, as returned by IOMemoryDescriptor::getPhysicalSegment.
 174     @result Data contained at that location */
 175
 176 UInt32 IOMappedRead32(IOPhysicalAddress address);
 177
 178 /*! @function IOMappedRead64
 179     @abstract Read eight bytes from the desired "Physical" IOSpace address.
 180     @discussion Read eight bytes from the desired "Physical" IOSpace address.  This function allows the developer to read an address returned from any memory descriptor's getPhysicalSegment routine.  It can then be used by segmenting a physical page slightly to tag the physical page with its kernel space virtual address.
 181     @param address The desired address, as returned by IOMemoryDescriptor::getPhysicalSegment.
 182     @result Data contained at that location */
 183
 184 UInt64 IOMappedRead64(IOPhysicalAddress address);
 185
 186 /*! @function IOMappedWrite8
 187     @abstract Write one byte to the desired "Physical" IOSpace address.
 188     @discussion Write one byte to the desired "Physical" IOSpace address.  This function allows the developer to write to an address returned from any memory descriptor's getPhysicalSegment routine.
 189     @param address The desired address, as returned by IOMemoryDescriptor::getPhysicalSegment.
 190     @param value Data to be writen to the desired location */
 191
 192 void IOMappedWrite8(IOPhysicalAddress address, UInt8 value);
 193
 194 /*! @function IOMappedWrite16
 195     @abstract Write two bytes to the desired "Physical" IOSpace address.
 196     @discussion Write two bytes to the desired "Physical" IOSpace address.  This function allows the developer to write to an address returned from any memory descriptor's getPhysicalSegment routine.
 197     @param address The desired address, as returned by IOMemoryDescriptor::getPhysicalSegment.
 198     @param value Data to be writen to the desired location */
 199
 200 void IOMappedWrite16(IOPhysicalAddress address, UInt16 value);
 201
 202 /*! @function IOMappedWrite32
 203     @abstract Write four bytes to the desired "Physical" IOSpace address.
 204     @discussion Write four bytes to the desired "Physical" IOSpace address.  This function allows the developer to write to an address returned from any memory descriptor's getPhysicalSegment routine.
 205     @param address The desired address, as returned by IOMemoryDescriptor::getPhysicalSegment.
 206     @param value Data to be writen to the desired location */
 207
 208 void IOMappedWrite32(IOPhysicalAddress address, UInt32 value);
 209
 210 /*! @function IOMappedWrite64
 211     @abstract Write eight bytes to the desired "Physical" IOSpace address.
 212     @discussion Write eight bytes to the desired "Physical" IOSpace address.  This function allows the developer to write to an address returned from any memory descriptor's getPhysicalSegment routine.
 213     @param address The desired address, as returned by IOMemoryDescriptor::getPhysicalSegment.
 214     @param value Data to be writen to the desired location */
 215
 216 void IOMappedWrite64(IOPhysicalAddress address, UInt64 value);
 217
 218 /*! @function IOSetProcessorCacheMode
 219     @abstract Sets the processor cache mode for mapped memory.
 220     @discussion This function sets the cache mode of an already mapped & wired memory range. Note this may not be supported on I/O mappings or shared memory - it is far preferable to set the cache mode as mappings are created with the IOMemoryDescriptor::map method.
 221     @param task Task the memory is mapped into.
 222     @param address Virtual address of the memory.
 223     @param length Length of the range to set.
 224     @param cacheMode A constant from IOTypes.h, <br>
 225         kIOMapDefaultCache to inhibit the cache in I/O areas, kIOMapCopybackCache in general purpose RAM.<br>
 226         kIOMapInhibitCache, kIOMapWriteThruCache, kIOMapCopybackCache to set the appropriate caching.<br>
 227     @result An IOReturn code.*/
 228
 229 IOReturn IOSetProcessorCacheMode( task_t task, IOVirtualAddress address,
 230                                   IOByteCount length, IOOptionBits cacheMode );
 231
 232 /*! @function IOFlushProcessorCache
 233     @abstract Flushes the processor cache for mapped memory.
 234     @discussion This function flushes the processor cache of an already mapped memory range. Note in most cases it is preferable to use IOMemoryDescriptor::prepare and complete to manage cache coherency since they are aware of the architecture's requirements. Flushing the processor cache is not required for coherency in most situations.
 235     @param task Task the memory is mapped into.
 236     @param address Virtual address of the memory.
 237     @param length Length of the range to set.
 238     @result An IOReturn code. */
 239
 240 IOReturn IOFlushProcessorCache( task_t task, IOVirtualAddress address,
 241                                   IOByteCount length );
 242
 243 /*! @function IOThreadSelf
 244     @abstract Returns the osfmk identifier for the currently running thread.
 245     @discussion This function returns the current thread (a pointer to the currently active osfmk thread_shuttle). */
 246
 247 #define IOThreadSelf() (current_thread())
 248
 249 /*! @function IOCreateThread
 250     @abstract Create a kernel thread.
 251     @discussion This function creates a kernel thread, and passes the caller supplied argument to the new thread.
 252     @param function A C-function pointer where the thread will begin execution.
 253     @param argument Caller specified data to be passed to the new thread.
 254     @result An IOThread identifier for the new thread, equivalent to an osfmk thread_t. */
 255
 256 IOThread IOCreateThread(IOThreadFunc function, void *argument);
 257
 258 /*! @function IOExitThread
 259     @abstract Terminate exceution of current thread.
 260     @discussion This function destroys the currently running thread, and does not return. */
 261
 262 void IOExitThread(void) __dead2;
 263
 264 /*! @function IOSleep
 265     @abstract Sleep the calling thread for a number of milliseconds.
 266     @discussion This function blocks the calling thread for at least the number of specified milliseconds, giving time to other processes.
 267     @param milliseconds The integer number of milliseconds to wait. */
 268
 269 void IOSleep(unsigned milliseconds);
 270
 271 /*! @function IODelay
 272     @abstract Spin delay for a number of microseconds.
 273     @discussion This function spins to delay for at least the number of specified microseconds. Since the CPU is busy spinning no time is made available to other processes; this method of delay should be used only for short periods. Also, the AbsoluteTime based APIs of kern/clock.h provide finer grained and lower cost delays.
 274     @param microseconds The integer number of microseconds to spin wait. */
 275
 276 void IODelay(unsigned microseconds);
 277
 278 /*! @function IOLog
 279     @abstract Log a message to console in text mode, and /var/log/system.log.
 280     @discussion This function allows a driver to log diagnostic information to the screen during verbose boots, and to a log file found at /var/log/system.log. IOLog should not be called from interrupt context.
 281     @param format A printf() style format string (see printf() documentation).
 282     @param other arguments described by the format string. */
 283
 284 void IOLog(const char *format, ...)
 285 __attribute__((format(printf, 1, 2)));
 286
 287 #ifndef _FN_KPRINTF
 288 #define _FN_KPRINTF
 289 void kprintf(const char *format, ...);
 290 #endif
 291 #ifndef _FN_KPRINTF_DECLARED
 292 #define _FN_KPRINTF_DECLARED
 293 #endif
 294
 295 /*
 296  * Convert a integer constant (typically a #define or enum) to a string
 297  * via an array of IONamedValue.
 298  */
 299 const char *IOFindNameForValue(int value,
 300         const IONamedValue *namedValueArray);
 301
 302 /*
 303  * Convert a string to an int via an array of IONamedValue. Returns
 304  * kIOReturnSuccess of string found, else returns kIOReturnBadArgument.
 305  */
 306 IOReturn IOFindValueForName(const char *string,
 307         const IONamedValue *regValueArray,
 308         int *value);                            /* RETURNED */
 309
 310 /*! @function Debugger
 311     @abstract Enter the kernel debugger.
 312     @discussion This function freezes the kernel and enters the builtin debugger. It may not be possible to exit the debugger without a second machine.
 313     @param reason A C-string to describe why the debugger is being entered. */
 314
 315 void Debugger(const char * reason);
 316
 317 struct OSDictionary * IOBSDNameMatching( const char * name );
 318 struct OSDictionary * IOOFPathMatching( const char * path, char * buf, int maxLen );
 319
 320 /*
 321  * Convert between size and a power-of-two alignment.
 322  */
 323 IOAlignment IOSizeToAlignment(unsigned int size);
 324 unsigned int IOAlignmentToSize(IOAlignment align);
 325
 326 /*
 327  * Multiply and divide routines for IOFixed datatype.
 328  */
 329
 330 static inline IOFixed IOFixedMultiply(IOFixed a, IOFixed b)
 331 {
 332     return (IOFixed)((((SInt64) a) * ((SInt64) b)) >> 16);
 333 }
 334
 335 static inline IOFixed IOFixedDivide(IOFixed a, IOFixed b)
 336 {
 337     return (IOFixed)((((SInt64) a) << 16) / ((SInt64) b));
 338 }
 339
 340 /*
 341  * IORound and IOTrunc convenience functions, in the spirit
 342  * of vm's round_page() and trunc_page().
 343  */
 344 #define IORound(value,multiple) \
 345         ((((value) + (multiple) - 1) / (multiple)) * (multiple))
 346
 347 #define IOTrunc(value,multiple) \
 348         (((value) / (multiple)) * (multiple));
 349
 350
 351 #ifdef __APPLE_API_OBSOLETE
 352
 353 /* The following API is deprecated */
 354
 355 #undef eieio
 356 #define eieio() \
 357     OSSynchronizeIO()
 358
 359 void IOPanic(const char *reason);
 360
 361 /* The API exported by kern/clock.h
 362    should be used for high resolution timing. */
 363
 364 void IOGetTime( mach_timespec_t * clock_time);
 365
 366 extern mach_timespec_t IOZeroTvalspec;
 367
 368 #endif /* __APPLE_API_OBSOLETE */
 369
 370 __END_DECLS
 371
 372 #endif /* !__IOKIT_IOLIB_H */