xnu-4903.241.1.tar.gz

[apple/xnu.git] / bsd / vfs / kpi_vfs.c

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2000-2017 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.
 *
 * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_START@
 * 
 * This file contains Original Code and/or Modifications of Original Code
 * as defined in and that are subject to the Apple Public Source License
 * Version 2.0 (the 'License'). You may not use this file except in
 * compliance with the License. The rights granted to you under the License
 * may not be used to create, or enable the creation or redistribution of,
 * unlawful or unlicensed copies of an Apple operating system, or to
 * circumvent, violate, or enable the circumvention or violation of, any
 * terms of an Apple operating system software license agreement.
 * 
 * Please obtain a copy of the License at
 * http://www.opensource.apple.com/apsl/ and read it before using this file.
 * 
 * The Original Code and all software distributed under the License are
 * distributed on an 'AS IS' basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER
 * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AND APPLE HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL SUCH WARRANTIES,
 * INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, QUIET ENJOYMENT OR NON-INFRINGEMENT.
 * Please see the License for the specific language governing rights and
 * limitations under the License.
 * 
 * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_END@
 */
/* Copyright (c) 1995 NeXT Computer, Inc. All Rights Reserved */
/*
 * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
 *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
 * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
 * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed
 * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph
 * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with
 * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
 *    must display the following acknowledgement:
 *      This product includes software developed by the University of
 *      California, Berkeley and its contributors.
 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 *    without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 *
 *      @(#)kpi_vfs.c
 */
/*
 * NOTICE: This file was modified by SPARTA, Inc. in 2005 to introduce
 * support for mandatory and extensible security protections.  This notice
 * is included in support of clause 2.2 (b) of the Apple Public License,
 * Version 2.0.
 */

/*
 * External virtual filesystem routines
 */


#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/systm.h>
#include <sys/proc_internal.h>
#include <sys/kauth.h>
#include <sys/mount.h>
#include <sys/mount_internal.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/vnode_internal.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/namei.h>
#include <sys/ucred.h>
#include <sys/buf.h>
#include <sys/errno.h>
#include <sys/malloc.h>
#include <sys/domain.h>
#include <sys/mbuf.h>
#include <sys/syslog.h>
#include <sys/ubc.h>
#include <sys/vm.h>
#include <sys/sysctl.h>
#include <sys/filedesc.h>
#include <sys/event.h>
#include <sys/fsevents.h>
#include <sys/user.h>
#include <sys/lockf.h>
#include <sys/xattr.h>
#include <sys/kdebug.h>

#include <kern/assert.h>
#include <kern/kalloc.h>
#include <kern/task.h>
#include <kern/policy_internal.h>

#include <libkern/OSByteOrder.h>

#include <miscfs/specfs/specdev.h>

#include <mach/mach_types.h>
#include <mach/memory_object_types.h>
#include <mach/task.h>

#if CONFIG_MACF
#include <security/mac_framework.h>
#endif

#if NULLFS
#include <miscfs/nullfs/nullfs.h>
#endif

#include <sys/sdt.h>

#define ESUCCESS 0
#undef mount_t
#undef vnode_t

#define COMPAT_ONLY

#define NATIVE_XATTR(VP)  \
        ((VP)->v_mount ? (VP)->v_mount->mnt_kern_flag & MNTK_EXTENDED_ATTRS : 0)

#if CONFIG_APPLEDOUBLE
static void xattrfile_remove(vnode_t dvp, const char *basename,
                                vfs_context_t ctx, int force);
static void xattrfile_setattr(vnode_t dvp, const char * basename,
                                struct vnode_attr * vap, vfs_context_t ctx);
#endif /* CONFIG_APPLEDOUBLE */

static errno_t post_rename(vnode_t fdvp, vnode_t fvp, vnode_t tdvp, vnode_t tvp);

/*
 * vnode_setneedinactive
 *
 * Description: Indicate that when the last iocount on this vnode goes away,
 *              and the usecount is also zero, we should inform the filesystem
 *              via VNOP_INACTIVE.
 *
 * Parameters:  vnode_t         vnode to mark
 *
 * Returns:     Nothing
 *
 * Notes:       Notably used when we're deleting a file--we need not have a 
 *              usecount, so VNOP_INACTIVE may not get called by anyone.  We
 *              want it called when we drop our iocount.
 */
void
vnode_setneedinactive(vnode_t vp)
{
        cache_purge(vp);

        vnode_lock_spin(vp);
        vp->v_lflag |= VL_NEEDINACTIVE;
        vnode_unlock(vp);
}


/* ====================================================================== */
/* ************  EXTERNAL KERNEL APIS  ********************************** */
/* ====================================================================== */

/*
 * implementations of exported VFS operations
 */
int 
VFS_MOUNT(mount_t mp, vnode_t devvp, user_addr_t data, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int error;

        if ((mp == dead_mountp) || (mp->mnt_op->vfs_mount == 0))
                return(ENOTSUP);

        if (vfs_context_is64bit(ctx)) {
                if (vfs_64bitready(mp)) {
                        error = (*mp->mnt_op->vfs_mount)(mp, devvp, data, ctx);
                }
                else {
                        error = ENOTSUP;
                }
        }
        else {
                error = (*mp->mnt_op->vfs_mount)(mp, devvp, data, ctx);
        }
        
        return (error);
}

int 
VFS_START(mount_t mp, int flags, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int error;

        if ((mp == dead_mountp) || (mp->mnt_op->vfs_start == 0))
                return(ENOTSUP);

        error = (*mp->mnt_op->vfs_start)(mp, flags, ctx);

        return (error);
}

int 
VFS_UNMOUNT(mount_t mp, int flags, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int error;

        if ((mp == dead_mountp) || (mp->mnt_op->vfs_unmount == 0))
                return(ENOTSUP);

        error = (*mp->mnt_op->vfs_unmount)(mp, flags, ctx);

        return (error);
}

/*
 * Returns:     0                       Success
 *              ENOTSUP                 Not supported
 *              <vfs_root>:ENOENT
 *              <vfs_root>:???
 *
 * Note:        The return codes from the underlying VFS's root routine can't
 *              be fully enumerated here, since third party VFS authors may not
 *              limit their error returns to the ones documented here, even
 *              though this may result in some programs functioning incorrectly.
 *
 *              The return codes documented above are those which may currently
 *              be returned by HFS from hfs_vfs_root, which is a simple wrapper
 *              for a call to hfs_vget on the volume mount point, not including
 *              additional error codes which may be propagated from underlying
 *              routines called by hfs_vget.
 */
int 
VFS_ROOT(mount_t mp, struct vnode  ** vpp, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int error;

        if ((mp == dead_mountp) || (mp->mnt_op->vfs_root == 0))
                return(ENOTSUP);

        if (ctx == NULL) {
                ctx = vfs_context_current();
        }

        error = (*mp->mnt_op->vfs_root)(mp, vpp, ctx);

        return (error);
}

int 
VFS_QUOTACTL(mount_t mp, int cmd, uid_t uid, caddr_t datap, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int error;

        if ((mp == dead_mountp) || (mp->mnt_op->vfs_quotactl == 0))
                return(ENOTSUP);

        error = (*mp->mnt_op->vfs_quotactl)(mp, cmd, uid, datap, ctx);

        return (error);
}

int 
VFS_GETATTR(mount_t mp, struct vfs_attr *vfa, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int error;

        if ((mp == dead_mountp) || (mp->mnt_op->vfs_getattr == 0))
                return(ENOTSUP);

        if (ctx == NULL) {
                ctx = vfs_context_current();
        }

        error = (*mp->mnt_op->vfs_getattr)(mp, vfa, ctx);
        
        return(error);
}

int 
VFS_SETATTR(mount_t mp, struct vfs_attr *vfa, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int error;

        if ((mp == dead_mountp) || (mp->mnt_op->vfs_setattr == 0))
                return(ENOTSUP);

        if (ctx == NULL) {
                ctx = vfs_context_current();
        }

        error = (*mp->mnt_op->vfs_setattr)(mp, vfa, ctx);

        return(error);
}

int 
VFS_SYNC(mount_t mp, int flags, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int error;

        if ((mp == dead_mountp) || (mp->mnt_op->vfs_sync == 0))
                return(ENOTSUP);

        if (ctx == NULL) {
                ctx = vfs_context_current();
        }

        error = (*mp->mnt_op->vfs_sync)(mp, flags, ctx);

        return(error);
}

int 
VFS_VGET(mount_t mp, ino64_t ino, struct vnode **vpp, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int error;

        if ((mp == dead_mountp) || (mp->mnt_op->vfs_vget == 0))
                return(ENOTSUP);

        if (ctx == NULL) {
                ctx = vfs_context_current();
        }

        error = (*mp->mnt_op->vfs_vget)(mp, ino, vpp, ctx);

        return(error);
}

int 
VFS_FHTOVP(mount_t mp, int fhlen, unsigned char *fhp, vnode_t *vpp, vfs_context_t ctx) 
{
        int error;

        if ((mp == dead_mountp) || (mp->mnt_op->vfs_fhtovp == 0))
                return(ENOTSUP);

        if (ctx == NULL) {
                ctx = vfs_context_current();
        }

        error = (*mp->mnt_op->vfs_fhtovp)(mp, fhlen, fhp, vpp, ctx);

        return(error);
}

int 
VFS_VPTOFH(struct vnode *vp, int *fhlenp, unsigned char *fhp, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int error;

        if ((vp->v_mount == dead_mountp) || (vp->v_mount->mnt_op->vfs_vptofh == 0))
                return(ENOTSUP);

        if (ctx == NULL) {
                ctx = vfs_context_current();
        }

        error = (*vp->v_mount->mnt_op->vfs_vptofh)(vp, fhlenp, fhp, ctx);

        return(error);
}

int VFS_IOCTL(struct mount *mp, u_long command, caddr_t data,
                          int flags, vfs_context_t context)
{
        if (mp == dead_mountp || !mp->mnt_op->vfs_ioctl)
                return ENOTSUP;

        return mp->mnt_op->vfs_ioctl(mp, command, data, flags,
                                                                 context ?: vfs_context_current());
}

int
VFS_VGET_SNAPDIR(mount_t mp, vnode_t *vpp, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int error;

        if ((mp == dead_mountp) || (mp->mnt_op->vfs_vget_snapdir == 0))
                return(ENOTSUP);

        if (ctx == NULL)
                ctx = vfs_context_current();

        error = (*mp->mnt_op->vfs_vget_snapdir)(mp, vpp, ctx);

        return (error);
}

/* returns the cached throttle mask for the mount_t */
uint64_t
vfs_throttle_mask(mount_t mp)
{
        return(mp->mnt_throttle_mask);
}

/* returns a  copy of vfs type name for the mount_t */
void 
vfs_name(mount_t mp, char *buffer)
{
        strncpy(buffer, mp->mnt_vtable->vfc_name, MFSNAMELEN);
}

/* returns  vfs type number for the mount_t */
int 
vfs_typenum(mount_t mp)
{
        return(mp->mnt_vtable->vfc_typenum);
}

/* Safe to cast to "struct label*"; returns "void*" to limit dependence of mount.h on security headers.  */
void*
vfs_mntlabel(mount_t mp)
{
        return (void*)mp->mnt_mntlabel;
}

/* returns command modifier flags of mount_t ie. MNT_CMDFLAGS */
uint64_t 
vfs_flags(mount_t mp)
{
        return((uint64_t)(mp->mnt_flag & (MNT_CMDFLAGS | MNT_VISFLAGMASK)));
}

/* set any of the command modifier flags(MNT_CMDFLAGS) in mount_t */
void 
vfs_setflags(mount_t mp, uint64_t flags)
{
        uint32_t lflags = (uint32_t)(flags & (MNT_CMDFLAGS | MNT_VISFLAGMASK)); 

        mount_lock(mp);
        mp->mnt_flag |= lflags;
        mount_unlock(mp);
}

/* clear any of the command modifier flags(MNT_CMDFLAGS) in mount_t */
void 
vfs_clearflags(mount_t mp , uint64_t flags)
{
        uint32_t lflags = (uint32_t)(flags & (MNT_CMDFLAGS | MNT_VISFLAGMASK)); 

        mount_lock(mp);
        mp->mnt_flag &= ~lflags;
        mount_unlock(mp);
}

/* Is the mount_t ronly and upgrade read/write requested? */
int 
vfs_iswriteupgrade(mount_t mp) /* ronly &&  MNTK_WANTRDWR */
{
        return ((mp->mnt_flag & MNT_RDONLY) && (mp->mnt_kern_flag & MNTK_WANTRDWR));
}


/* Is the mount_t mounted ronly */
int 
vfs_isrdonly(mount_t mp)
{
        return (mp->mnt_flag & MNT_RDONLY);
}

/* Is the mount_t mounted for filesystem synchronous writes? */
int 
vfs_issynchronous(mount_t mp)
{
        return (mp->mnt_flag & MNT_SYNCHRONOUS);
}

/* Is the mount_t mounted read/write? */
int 
vfs_isrdwr(mount_t mp)
{
        return ((mp->mnt_flag & MNT_RDONLY) == 0);
}


/* Is mount_t marked for update (ie MNT_UPDATE) */
int 
vfs_isupdate(mount_t mp) 
{
        return (mp->mnt_flag & MNT_UPDATE);
}


/* Is mount_t marked for reload (ie MNT_RELOAD) */
int 
vfs_isreload(mount_t mp)
{
        return ((mp->mnt_flag & MNT_UPDATE) && (mp->mnt_flag & MNT_RELOAD));
}

/* Is mount_t marked for forced unmount (ie MNT_FORCE or MNTK_FRCUNMOUNT) */
int 
vfs_isforce(mount_t mp)
{
        if (mp->mnt_lflag & MNT_LFORCE)
                return(1);
        else
                return(0);
}

int
vfs_isunmount(mount_t mp)
{
        if ((mp->mnt_lflag & MNT_LUNMOUNT)) {
                return 1;
        } else {
                return 0;
        }
}

int
vfs_64bitready(mount_t mp)
{
        if ((mp->mnt_vtable->vfc_vfsflags & VFC_VFS64BITREADY))
                return(1);
        else
                return(0);
}


int
vfs_authcache_ttl(mount_t mp)
{
        if ( (mp->mnt_kern_flag & (MNTK_AUTH_OPAQUE | MNTK_AUTH_CACHE_TTL)) )
                return (mp->mnt_authcache_ttl);
        else
                return (CACHED_RIGHT_INFINITE_TTL);
}

void
vfs_setauthcache_ttl(mount_t mp, int ttl)
{
        mount_lock(mp);
        mp->mnt_kern_flag |= MNTK_AUTH_CACHE_TTL;
        mp->mnt_authcache_ttl = ttl;
        mount_unlock(mp);
}

void
vfs_clearauthcache_ttl(mount_t mp)
{
        mount_lock(mp);
        mp->mnt_kern_flag &= ~MNTK_AUTH_CACHE_TTL;
        /*
         * back to the default TTL value in case
         * MNTK_AUTH_OPAQUE is set on this mount
         */
        mp->mnt_authcache_ttl = CACHED_LOOKUP_RIGHT_TTL;
        mount_unlock(mp);
}

int
vfs_authopaque(mount_t mp)
{
        if ((mp->mnt_kern_flag & MNTK_AUTH_OPAQUE))
                return(1);
        else
                return(0);
}

int 
vfs_authopaqueaccess(mount_t mp)
{
        if ((mp->mnt_kern_flag & MNTK_AUTH_OPAQUE_ACCESS))
                return(1);
        else
                return(0);
}

void
vfs_setauthopaque(mount_t mp)
{
        mount_lock(mp);
        mp->mnt_kern_flag |= MNTK_AUTH_OPAQUE;
        mount_unlock(mp);
}

void 
vfs_setauthopaqueaccess(mount_t mp)
{
        mount_lock(mp);
        mp->mnt_kern_flag |= MNTK_AUTH_OPAQUE_ACCESS;
        mount_unlock(mp);
}

void
vfs_clearauthopaque(mount_t mp)
{
        mount_lock(mp);
        mp->mnt_kern_flag &= ~MNTK_AUTH_OPAQUE;
        mount_unlock(mp);
}

void 
vfs_clearauthopaqueaccess(mount_t mp)
{
        mount_lock(mp);
        mp->mnt_kern_flag &= ~MNTK_AUTH_OPAQUE_ACCESS;
        mount_unlock(mp);
}

void
vfs_setextendedsecurity(mount_t mp)
{
        mount_lock(mp);
        mp->mnt_kern_flag |= MNTK_EXTENDED_SECURITY;
        mount_unlock(mp);
}

void
vfs_clearextendedsecurity(mount_t mp)
{
        mount_lock(mp);
        mp->mnt_kern_flag &= ~MNTK_EXTENDED_SECURITY;
        mount_unlock(mp);
}

void
vfs_setnoswap(mount_t mp)
{
        mount_lock(mp);
        mp->mnt_kern_flag |= MNTK_NOSWAP;
        mount_unlock(mp);
}

void
vfs_clearnoswap(mount_t mp)
{
        mount_lock(mp);
        mp->mnt_kern_flag &= ~MNTK_NOSWAP;
        mount_unlock(mp);
}

int
vfs_extendedsecurity(mount_t mp)
{
        return(mp->mnt_kern_flag & MNTK_EXTENDED_SECURITY);
}

/* returns the max size of short symlink in this mount_t */
uint32_t 
vfs_maxsymlen(mount_t mp)
{
        return(mp->mnt_maxsymlinklen);
}

/* set  max size of short symlink on mount_t */
void 
vfs_setmaxsymlen(mount_t mp, uint32_t symlen)
{
        mp->mnt_maxsymlinklen = symlen;
}

/* return a pointer to the RO vfs_statfs associated with mount_t */
struct vfsstatfs * 
vfs_statfs(mount_t mp)
{
        return(&mp->mnt_vfsstat);
}

int
vfs_getattr(mount_t mp, struct vfs_attr *vfa, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int             error;

        if ((error = VFS_GETATTR(mp, vfa, ctx)) != 0)
                return(error);

        /*
         * If we have a filesystem create time, use it to default some others.
         */
        if (VFSATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(vfa, f_create_time)) {
                if (VFSATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vfa, f_modify_time) && !VFSATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(vfa, f_modify_time))
                        VFSATTR_RETURN(vfa, f_modify_time, vfa->f_create_time);
        }

        return(0);
}

int
vfs_setattr(mount_t mp, struct vfs_attr *vfa, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int error;
        
        if (vfs_isrdonly(mp))
                return EROFS;

        error = VFS_SETATTR(mp, vfa, ctx);
        
        /*
         * If we had alternate ways of setting vfs attributes, we'd
         * fall back here.
         */

        return error;
}

/* return the private data handle stored in mount_t */
void *
vfs_fsprivate(mount_t mp)
{
        return(mp->mnt_data);
}

/* set the private data handle in mount_t */
void 
vfs_setfsprivate(mount_t mp, void *mntdata)
{
        mount_lock(mp);
        mp->mnt_data = mntdata;
        mount_unlock(mp);
}

/* query whether the mount point supports native EAs */
int 
vfs_nativexattrs(mount_t mp) {
        return (mp->mnt_kern_flag & MNTK_EXTENDED_ATTRS);
}
        
/*
 * return the block size of the underlying
 * device associated with mount_t
 */
int
vfs_devblocksize(mount_t mp) {

        return(mp->mnt_devblocksize);
}

/* 
 * Returns vnode with an iocount that must be released with vnode_put() 
 */
vnode_t
vfs_vnodecovered(mount_t mp) 
{
        vnode_t vp = mp->mnt_vnodecovered;
        if ((vp == NULL) || (vnode_getwithref(vp) != 0)) {
                return NULL;
        } else {
                return vp;
        }
}

/*
 * Returns device vnode backing a mountpoint with an iocount (if valid vnode exists).
 * The iocount must be released with vnode_put().  Note that this KPI is subtle
 * with respect to the validity of using this device vnode for anything substantial
 * (which is discouraged).  If commands are sent to the device driver without
 * taking proper steps to ensure that the device is still open, chaos may ensue.  
 * Similarly, this routine should only be called if there is some guarantee that
 * the mount itself is still valid.
 */
vnode_t
vfs_devvp(mount_t mp)
{
        vnode_t vp = mp->mnt_devvp;

        if ((vp != NULLVP) && (vnode_get(vp) == 0)) {
                return vp;
        }

        return NULLVP;
}

/*
 * return the io attributes associated with mount_t
 */
void
vfs_ioattr(mount_t mp, struct vfsioattr *ioattrp)
{
        ioattrp->io_reserved[0] = NULL;
        ioattrp->io_reserved[1] = NULL;
        if (mp == NULL) {
                ioattrp->io_maxreadcnt  = MAXPHYS;
                ioattrp->io_maxwritecnt = MAXPHYS;
                ioattrp->io_segreadcnt  = 32;
                ioattrp->io_segwritecnt = 32;
                ioattrp->io_maxsegreadsize  = MAXPHYS;
                ioattrp->io_maxsegwritesize = MAXPHYS;
                ioattrp->io_devblocksize = DEV_BSIZE;
                ioattrp->io_flags = 0;
                ioattrp->io_max_swappin_available = 0;
        } else {
                ioattrp->io_maxreadcnt  = mp->mnt_maxreadcnt;
                ioattrp->io_maxwritecnt = mp->mnt_maxwritecnt;
                ioattrp->io_segreadcnt  = mp->mnt_segreadcnt;
                ioattrp->io_segwritecnt = mp->mnt_segwritecnt;
                ioattrp->io_maxsegreadsize  = mp->mnt_maxsegreadsize;
                ioattrp->io_maxsegwritesize = mp->mnt_maxsegwritesize;
                ioattrp->io_devblocksize = mp->mnt_devblocksize;
                ioattrp->io_flags = mp->mnt_ioflags;
                ioattrp->io_max_swappin_available = mp->mnt_max_swappin_available;
        }
}


/*
 * set the IO attributes associated with mount_t
 */
void 
vfs_setioattr(mount_t mp, struct vfsioattr * ioattrp)
{
        if (mp == NULL)
                return;
        mp->mnt_maxreadcnt  = ioattrp->io_maxreadcnt;
        mp->mnt_maxwritecnt = ioattrp->io_maxwritecnt;
        mp->mnt_segreadcnt  = ioattrp->io_segreadcnt;
        mp->mnt_segwritecnt = ioattrp->io_segwritecnt;
        mp->mnt_maxsegreadsize = ioattrp->io_maxsegreadsize;
        mp->mnt_maxsegwritesize = ioattrp->io_maxsegwritesize;
        mp->mnt_devblocksize = ioattrp->io_devblocksize;
        mp->mnt_ioflags = ioattrp->io_flags;
        mp->mnt_max_swappin_available = ioattrp->io_max_swappin_available;
}
 
/*
 * Add a new filesystem into the kernel specified in passed in
 * vfstable structure. It fills in the vnode 
 * dispatch vector that is to be passed to when vnodes are created.
 * It returns a handle which is to be used to when the FS is to be removed
 */
typedef int (*PFI)(void *);
extern int vfs_opv_numops;
errno_t
vfs_fsadd(struct vfs_fsentry *vfe, vfstable_t *handle)
{
        struct vfstable *newvfstbl = NULL;
        int     i,j;
        int     (***opv_desc_vector_p)(void *);
        int     (**opv_desc_vector)(void *);
        struct vnodeopv_entry_desc      *opve_descp; 
        int desccount;
        int descsize;
        PFI *descptr;

        /*
         * This routine is responsible for all the initialization that would
         * ordinarily be done as part of the system startup;
         */

        if (vfe == (struct vfs_fsentry *)0)
                return(EINVAL);

        desccount = vfe->vfe_vopcnt;
        if ((desccount <=0) || ((desccount > 8)) || (vfe->vfe_vfsops == (struct vfsops *)NULL)
                || (vfe->vfe_opvdescs == (struct vnodeopv_desc **)NULL))
                return(EINVAL);

        /* Non-threadsafe filesystems are not supported */
        if ((vfe->vfe_flags &  (VFS_TBLTHREADSAFE | VFS_TBLFSNODELOCK)) == 0) {
                return (EINVAL);
        }

        MALLOC(newvfstbl, void *, sizeof(struct vfstable), M_TEMP,
               M_WAITOK);
        bzero(newvfstbl, sizeof(struct vfstable));
        newvfstbl->vfc_vfsops = vfe->vfe_vfsops;
        strncpy(&newvfstbl->vfc_name[0], vfe->vfe_fsname, MFSNAMELEN);
        if ((vfe->vfe_flags & VFS_TBLNOTYPENUM))
                newvfstbl->vfc_typenum = maxvfstypenum++;
        else
                newvfstbl->vfc_typenum = vfe->vfe_fstypenum;
        
        newvfstbl->vfc_refcount = 0;
        newvfstbl->vfc_flags = 0;
        newvfstbl->vfc_mountroot = NULL;
        newvfstbl->vfc_next = NULL;
        newvfstbl->vfc_vfsflags = 0;
        if (vfe->vfe_flags &  VFS_TBL64BITREADY)
                newvfstbl->vfc_vfsflags |= VFC_VFS64BITREADY;
        if (vfe->vfe_flags &  VFS_TBLVNOP_PAGEINV2)
                newvfstbl->vfc_vfsflags |= VFC_VFSVNOP_PAGEINV2;
        if (vfe->vfe_flags &  VFS_TBLVNOP_PAGEOUTV2)
                newvfstbl->vfc_vfsflags |= VFC_VFSVNOP_PAGEOUTV2;
        if ((vfe->vfe_flags & VFS_TBLLOCALVOL) == VFS_TBLLOCALVOL)
                newvfstbl->vfc_flags |= MNT_LOCAL;
        if ((vfe->vfe_flags & VFS_TBLLOCALVOL) && (vfe->vfe_flags & VFS_TBLGENERICMNTARGS) == 0)
                newvfstbl->vfc_vfsflags |= VFC_VFSLOCALARGS;
        else
                newvfstbl->vfc_vfsflags |= VFC_VFSGENERICARGS;

        if (vfe->vfe_flags &  VFS_TBLNATIVEXATTR)
                newvfstbl->vfc_vfsflags |= VFC_VFSNATIVEXATTR;
        if (vfe->vfe_flags &  VFS_TBLUNMOUNT_PREFLIGHT)
                newvfstbl->vfc_vfsflags |= VFC_VFSPREFLIGHT;
        if (vfe->vfe_flags &  VFS_TBLREADDIR_EXTENDED)
                newvfstbl->vfc_vfsflags |= VFC_VFSREADDIR_EXTENDED;
        if (vfe->vfe_flags & VFS_TBLNOMACLABEL)
                newvfstbl->vfc_vfsflags |= VFC_VFSNOMACLABEL;
        if (vfe->vfe_flags & VFS_TBLVNOP_NOUPDATEID_RENAME)
                newvfstbl->vfc_vfsflags |= VFC_VFSVNOP_NOUPDATEID_RENAME;
        if (vfe->vfe_flags & VFS_TBLVNOP_SECLUDE_RENAME)
                newvfstbl->vfc_vfsflags |= VFC_VFSVNOP_SECLUDE_RENAME;
        if (vfe->vfe_flags & VFS_TBLCANMOUNTROOT)
                newvfstbl->vfc_vfsflags |= VFC_VFSCANMOUNTROOT;

        /*
         * Allocate and init the vectors.
         * Also handle backwards compatibility.
         *
         * We allocate one large block to hold all <desccount>
         * vnode operation vectors stored contiguously.
         */
        /* XXX - shouldn't be M_TEMP */

        descsize = desccount * vfs_opv_numops * sizeof(PFI);
        MALLOC(descptr, PFI *, descsize,
               M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
        bzero(descptr, descsize);

        newvfstbl->vfc_descptr = descptr;
        newvfstbl->vfc_descsize = descsize;
        
        newvfstbl->vfc_sysctl = NULL;

        for (i= 0; i< desccount; i++ ) {
        opv_desc_vector_p = vfe->vfe_opvdescs[i]->opv_desc_vector_p;
        /*
         * Fill in the caller's pointer to the start of the i'th vector.
         * They'll need to supply it when calling vnode_create.
         */
        opv_desc_vector = descptr + i * vfs_opv_numops;
        *opv_desc_vector_p = opv_desc_vector;

        for (j = 0; vfe->vfe_opvdescs[i]->opv_desc_ops[j].opve_op; j++) {
                opve_descp = &(vfe->vfe_opvdescs[i]->opv_desc_ops[j]);

                /* Silently skip known-disabled operations */
                if (opve_descp->opve_op->vdesc_flags & VDESC_DISABLED) {
                        printf("vfs_fsadd: Ignoring reference in %p to disabled operation %s.\n",
                                vfe->vfe_opvdescs[i], opve_descp->opve_op->vdesc_name);
                        continue;
                }

                /*
                 * Sanity check:  is this operation listed
                 * in the list of operations?  We check this
                 * by seeing if its offset is zero.  Since
                 * the default routine should always be listed
                 * first, it should be the only one with a zero
                 * offset.  Any other operation with a zero
                 * offset is probably not listed in
                 * vfs_op_descs, and so is probably an error.
                 *
                 * A panic here means the layer programmer
                 * has committed the all-too common bug
                 * of adding a new operation to the layer's
                 * list of vnode operations but
                 * not adding the operation to the system-wide
                 * list of supported operations.
                 */
                if (opve_descp->opve_op->vdesc_offset == 0 &&
                    opve_descp->opve_op != VDESC(vnop_default)) {
                        printf("vfs_fsadd: operation %s not listed in %s.\n",
                               opve_descp->opve_op->vdesc_name,
                               "vfs_op_descs");
                        panic("vfs_fsadd: bad operation");
                }
                /*
                 * Fill in this entry.
                 */
                opv_desc_vector[opve_descp->opve_op->vdesc_offset] =
                    opve_descp->opve_impl;
        }


        /*  
         * Finally, go back and replace unfilled routines
         * with their default.  (Sigh, an O(n^3) algorithm.  I
         * could make it better, but that'd be work, and n is small.)
         */  
        opv_desc_vector_p = vfe->vfe_opvdescs[i]->opv_desc_vector_p;

        /*   
         * Force every operations vector to have a default routine.
         */  
        opv_desc_vector = *opv_desc_vector_p;
        if (opv_desc_vector[VOFFSET(vnop_default)] == NULL)
            panic("vfs_fsadd: operation vector without default routine.");
        for (j = 0; j < vfs_opv_numops; j++)  
                if (opv_desc_vector[j] == NULL)
                        opv_desc_vector[j] =
                            opv_desc_vector[VOFFSET(vnop_default)];

        } /* end of each vnodeopv_desc parsing */


        
        *handle = vfstable_add(newvfstbl);

        if (newvfstbl->vfc_typenum <= maxvfstypenum )
                        maxvfstypenum = newvfstbl->vfc_typenum + 1;

        if (newvfstbl->vfc_vfsops->vfs_init) {
                struct vfsconf vfsc;
                bzero(&vfsc, sizeof(struct vfsconf));
                vfsc.vfc_reserved1 = 0;
                bcopy((*handle)->vfc_name, vfsc.vfc_name, sizeof(vfsc.vfc_name));
                vfsc.vfc_typenum = (*handle)->vfc_typenum;
                vfsc.vfc_refcount = (*handle)->vfc_refcount;
                vfsc.vfc_flags = (*handle)->vfc_flags;
                vfsc.vfc_reserved2 = 0;
                vfsc.vfc_reserved3 = 0;

                (*newvfstbl->vfc_vfsops->vfs_init)(&vfsc);
        }

        FREE(newvfstbl, M_TEMP);

        return(0);
}

/*
 * Removes the filesystem from kernel.
 * The argument passed in is the handle that was given when 
 * file system was added
 */
errno_t  
vfs_fsremove(vfstable_t handle)
{
        struct vfstable * vfstbl =  (struct vfstable *)handle;
        void *old_desc = NULL;
        errno_t err;
        
        /* Preflight check for any mounts */
        mount_list_lock();
        if ( vfstbl->vfc_refcount != 0 ) {
                mount_list_unlock();
                return EBUSY;
        }
        
        /*
         * save the old descriptor; the free cannot occur unconditionally,
         * since vfstable_del() may fail.
         */
        if (vfstbl->vfc_descptr && vfstbl->vfc_descsize) {
                old_desc = vfstbl->vfc_descptr;
        }
        err = vfstable_del(vfstbl);

        mount_list_unlock();

        /* free the descriptor if the delete was successful */
        if (err == 0 && old_desc) {
                FREE(old_desc, M_TEMP);
        }

        return(err);
}

void vfs_setowner(mount_t mp, uid_t uid, gid_t gid)
{
        mp->mnt_fsowner = uid;
        mp->mnt_fsgroup = gid;
}

/*
 * Callers should be careful how they use this; accessing
 * mnt_last_write_completed_timestamp is not thread-safe.  Writing to
 * it isn't either.  Point is: be prepared to deal with strange values
 * being returned.
 */
uint64_t vfs_idle_time(mount_t mp)
{
        if (mp->mnt_pending_write_size)
                return 0;

        struct timeval now;

        microuptime(&now);

        return ((now.tv_sec
                         - mp->mnt_last_write_completed_timestamp.tv_sec) * 1000000
                        + now.tv_usec - mp->mnt_last_write_completed_timestamp.tv_usec);
}

int
vfs_context_pid(vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        return (proc_pid(vfs_context_proc(ctx)));
}

int
vfs_context_suser(vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        return (suser(ctx->vc_ucred, NULL));
}

/*
 * Return bit field of signals posted to all threads in the context's process.
 *
 * XXX Signals should be tied to threads, not processes, for most uses of this
 * XXX call.
 */
int
vfs_context_issignal(vfs_context_t ctx, sigset_t mask)
{
        proc_t p = vfs_context_proc(ctx);
        if (p)
                return(proc_pendingsignals(p, mask));
        return(0);
}

int
vfs_context_is64bit(vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        proc_t proc = vfs_context_proc(ctx);

        if (proc)
                return(proc_is64bit(proc));
        return(0);
}


/*
 * vfs_context_proc
 *
 * Description: Given a vfs_context_t, return the proc_t associated with it.
 *
 * Parameters:  vfs_context_t                   The context to use
 *
 * Returns:     proc_t                          The process for this context
 *
 * Notes:       This function will return the current_proc() if any of the
 *              following conditions are true:
 *
 *              o       The supplied context pointer is NULL
 *              o       There is no Mach thread associated with the context
 *              o       There is no Mach task associated with the Mach thread
 *              o       There is no proc_t associated with the Mach task
 *              o       The proc_t has no per process open file table
 *              o       The proc_t is post-vfork()
 *
 *              This causes this function to return a value matching as
 *              closely as possible the previous behaviour, while at the
 *              same time avoiding the task lending that results from vfork()
 */
proc_t
vfs_context_proc(vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        proc_t  proc = NULL;

        if (ctx != NULL && ctx->vc_thread != NULL)
                proc = (proc_t)get_bsdthreadtask_info(ctx->vc_thread);
        if (proc != NULL && (proc->p_fd == NULL || (proc->p_lflag & P_LVFORK)))
                proc = NULL;

        return(proc == NULL ? current_proc() : proc);
}

/*
 * vfs_context_get_special_port
 *
 * Description: Return the requested special port from the task associated
 *              with the given context.
 *
 * Parameters:  vfs_context_t                   The context to use
 *              int                             Index of special port
 *              ipc_port_t *                    Pointer to returned port
 *
 * Returns:     kern_return_t                   see task_get_special_port()
 */
kern_return_t
vfs_context_get_special_port(vfs_context_t ctx, int which, ipc_port_t *portp)
{
        task_t                  task = NULL;

        if (ctx != NULL && ctx->vc_thread != NULL)
                task = get_threadtask(ctx->vc_thread);

        return task_get_special_port(task, which, portp);
}

/*
 * vfs_context_set_special_port
 *
 * Description: Set the requested special port in the task associated
 *              with the given context.
 *
 * Parameters:  vfs_context_t                   The context to use
 *              int                             Index of special port
 *              ipc_port_t                      New special port
 *
 * Returns:     kern_return_t                   see task_set_special_port()
 */
kern_return_t
vfs_context_set_special_port(vfs_context_t ctx, int which, ipc_port_t port)
{
        task_t                  task = NULL;

        if (ctx != NULL && ctx->vc_thread != NULL)
                task = get_threadtask(ctx->vc_thread);

        return task_set_special_port(task, which, port);
}

/*
 * vfs_context_thread
 *
 * Description: Return the Mach thread associated with a vfs_context_t
 *
 * Parameters:  vfs_context_t                   The context to use
 *
 * Returns:     thread_t                        The thread for this context, or
 *                                              NULL, if there is not one.
 *
 * Notes:       NULL thread_t's are legal, but discouraged.  They occur only
 *              as a result of a static vfs_context_t declaration in a function
 *              and will result in this function returning NULL.
 *
 *              This is intentional; this function should NOT return the
 *              current_thread() in this case.
 */
thread_t
vfs_context_thread(vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        return(ctx->vc_thread);
}


/*
 * vfs_context_cwd
 *
 * Description: Returns a reference on the vnode for the current working
 *              directory for the supplied context
 *
 * Parameters:  vfs_context_t                   The context to use
 *
 * Returns:     vnode_t                         The current working directory
 *                                              for this context
 *
 * Notes:       The function first attempts to obtain the current directory
 *              from the thread, and if it is not present there, falls back
 *              to obtaining it from the process instead.  If it can't be
 *              obtained from either place, we return NULLVP.
 */
vnode_t
vfs_context_cwd(vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        vnode_t cwd = NULLVP;

        if(ctx != NULL && ctx->vc_thread != NULL) {
                uthread_t uth = get_bsdthread_info(ctx->vc_thread);
                proc_t proc;

                /*
                 * Get the cwd from the thread; if there isn't one, get it
                 * from the process, instead.
                 */
                if ((cwd = uth->uu_cdir) == NULLVP &&
                    (proc = (proc_t)get_bsdthreadtask_info(ctx->vc_thread)) != NULL &&
                    proc->p_fd != NULL)
                        cwd = proc->p_fd->fd_cdir;
        }

        return(cwd);
}

/*
 * vfs_context_create
 *
 * Description: Allocate and initialize a new context. 
 *
 * Parameters:  vfs_context_t:                  Context to copy, or NULL for new
 *
 * Returns:     Pointer to new context
 *
 * Notes:       Copy cred and thread from argument, if available; else 
 *              initialize with current thread and new cred.  Returns 
 *              with a reference held on the credential.
 */
vfs_context_t
vfs_context_create(vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        vfs_context_t newcontext;

        newcontext = (vfs_context_t)kalloc(sizeof(struct vfs_context));

        if (newcontext) {
                kauth_cred_t safecred;
                if (ctx) {
                        newcontext->vc_thread = ctx->vc_thread;
                        safecred = ctx->vc_ucred;
                } else {
                        newcontext->vc_thread = current_thread();
                        safecred = kauth_cred_get();
                }
                if (IS_VALID_CRED(safecred))
                        kauth_cred_ref(safecred);
                newcontext->vc_ucred = safecred;
                return(newcontext);
        }
        return(NULL);   
}


vfs_context_t
vfs_context_current(void)
{
        vfs_context_t ctx = NULL;
        volatile uthread_t ut = (uthread_t)get_bsdthread_info(current_thread());

        if (ut != NULL ) {
                if (ut->uu_context.vc_ucred != NULL) {
                        ctx = &ut->uu_context;
                }
        }

        return(ctx == NULL ? vfs_context_kernel() : ctx);
}


/*
 * XXX Do not ask
 *
 * Dangerous hack - adopt the first kernel thread as the current thread, to
 * get to the vfs_context_t in the uthread associated with a kernel thread.
 * This is used by UDF to make the call into IOCDMediaBSDClient,
 * IOBDMediaBSDClient, and IODVDMediaBSDClient to determine whether the
 * ioctl() is being called from kernel or user space (and all this because
 * we do not pass threads into our ioctl()'s, instead of processes).
 *
 * This is also used by imageboot_setup(), called early from bsd_init() after
 * kernproc has been given a credential.
 *
 * Note: The use of proc_thread() here is a convenience to avoid inclusion
 * of many Mach headers to do the reference directly rather than indirectly;
 * we will need to forego this convenience when we reture proc_thread().
 */
static struct vfs_context kerncontext;
vfs_context_t
vfs_context_kernel(void)
{
        if (kerncontext.vc_ucred == NOCRED)
                kerncontext.vc_ucred = kernproc->p_ucred;
        if (kerncontext.vc_thread == NULL)
                kerncontext.vc_thread = proc_thread(kernproc);

        return(&kerncontext);
}


int
vfs_context_rele(vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        if (ctx) {
                if (IS_VALID_CRED(ctx->vc_ucred))
                        kauth_cred_unref(&ctx->vc_ucred);
                kfree(ctx, sizeof(struct vfs_context));
        }
        return(0);
}


kauth_cred_t
vfs_context_ucred(vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        return (ctx->vc_ucred);
}

/*
 * Return true if the context is owned by the superuser.
 */
int
vfs_context_issuser(vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        return(kauth_cred_issuser(vfs_context_ucred(ctx)));
}

int vfs_context_iskernel(vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        return ctx == &kerncontext;
}

/*
 * Given a context, for all fields of vfs_context_t which
 * are not held with a reference, set those fields to the
 * values for the current execution context.  Currently, this 
 * just means the vc_thread.
 *
 * Returns: 0 for success, nonzero for failure
 *
 * The intended use is:
 * 1. vfs_context_create()      gets the caller a context
 * 2. vfs_context_bind()        sets the unrefcounted data
 * 3. vfs_context_rele()        releases the context
 *
 */
int
vfs_context_bind(vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        ctx->vc_thread = current_thread();
        return 0;
}

int vfs_isswapmount(mount_t mnt)
{
        return mnt && ISSET(mnt->mnt_kern_flag, MNTK_SWAP_MOUNT) ? 1 : 0;
}

/* XXXXXXXXXXXXXX VNODE KAPIS XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX */

 
/*
 * Convert between vnode types and inode formats (since POSIX.1
 * defines mode word of stat structure in terms of inode formats).
 */
enum vtype 
vnode_iftovt(int mode)
{
        return(iftovt_tab[((mode) & S_IFMT) >> 12]);
}

int 
vnode_vttoif(enum vtype indx)
{
        return(vttoif_tab[(int)(indx)]);
}

int 
vnode_makeimode(int indx, int mode)
{
        return (int)(VTTOIF(indx) | (mode));
}


/*
 * vnode manipulation functions.
 */

/* returns system root vnode iocount; It should be released using vnode_put() */
vnode_t  
vfs_rootvnode(void)
{
        int error;

        error = vnode_get(rootvnode);
        if (error)
                return ((vnode_t)0);
        else
                return rootvnode;
}       


uint32_t 
vnode_vid(vnode_t vp)
{
        return ((uint32_t)(vp->v_id));
}       

mount_t 
vnode_mount(vnode_t vp)
{
        return (vp->v_mount);
}

#if CONFIG_IOSCHED
vnode_t
vnode_mountdevvp(vnode_t vp)
{
        if (vp->v_mount)
                return (vp->v_mount->mnt_devvp);
        else
                return ((vnode_t)0);
}
#endif

mount_t 
vnode_mountedhere(vnode_t vp)
{
        mount_t mp;

        if ((vp->v_type == VDIR) && ((mp = vp->v_mountedhere) != NULL) &&
            (mp->mnt_vnodecovered == vp))
                return (mp);
        else
                return (mount_t)NULL;
}

/* returns vnode type of vnode_t */
enum vtype 
vnode_vtype(vnode_t vp)
{
        return (vp->v_type);
}

/* returns FS specific node saved in vnode */
void * 
vnode_fsnode(vnode_t vp)
{
        return (vp->v_data);
}

void 
vnode_clearfsnode(vnode_t vp)
{
        vp->v_data = NULL;
}

dev_t 
vnode_specrdev(vnode_t vp)
{
        return(vp->v_rdev);
}


/* Accessor functions */
/* is vnode_t a root vnode */
int 
vnode_isvroot(vnode_t vp)
{
        return ((vp->v_flag & VROOT)? 1 : 0);
}

/* is vnode_t a system vnode */
int 
vnode_issystem(vnode_t vp)
{
        return ((vp->v_flag & VSYSTEM)? 1 : 0);
}

/* is vnode_t a swap file vnode */
int 
vnode_isswap(vnode_t vp)
{
        return ((vp->v_flag & VSWAP)? 1 : 0);
}

/* is vnode_t a tty */
int
vnode_istty(vnode_t vp)
{
        return ((vp->v_flag & VISTTY) ? 1 : 0);
}

/* if vnode_t mount operation in progress */
int 
vnode_ismount(vnode_t vp)
{
        return ((vp->v_flag & VMOUNT)? 1 : 0);
}

/* is this vnode under recyle now */
int 
vnode_isrecycled(vnode_t vp)
{
        int ret;

        vnode_lock_spin(vp);
        ret =  (vp->v_lflag & (VL_TERMINATE|VL_DEAD))? 1 : 0;
        vnode_unlock(vp);
        return(ret);
}

/* vnode was created by background task requesting rapid aging
   and has not since been referenced by a normal task */
int
vnode_israge(vnode_t vp)
{
        return ((vp->v_flag & VRAGE)? 1 : 0);
}

int
vnode_needssnapshots(vnode_t vp)
{
        return ((vp->v_flag & VNEEDSSNAPSHOT)? 1 : 0);
}


/* Check the process/thread to see if we should skip atime updates */
int
vfs_ctx_skipatime (vfs_context_t ctx) {
        struct uthread *ut;
        proc_t proc;
        thread_t thr;

        proc = vfs_context_proc(ctx);
        thr = vfs_context_thread (ctx);

        /* Validate pointers in case we were invoked via a kernel context */
        if (thr && proc) {
                ut = get_bsdthread_info (thr);

                if (proc->p_lflag & P_LRAGE_VNODES) {
                        return 1;
                }

                if (ut) {
                        if  (ut->uu_flag & (UT_RAGE_VNODES | UT_ATIME_UPDATE)) {
                                return 1;
                        }
                }

                if (proc->p_vfs_iopolicy & P_VFS_IOPOLICY_ATIME_UPDATES) {
                        return 1;
                }
        }
        return 0;
}

/* is vnode_t marked to not keep data cached once it's been consumed */
int 
vnode_isnocache(vnode_t vp)
{
        return ((vp->v_flag & VNOCACHE_DATA)? 1 : 0);
}

/*
 * has sequential readahead been disabled on this vnode
 */
int
vnode_isnoreadahead(vnode_t vp)
{
        return ((vp->v_flag & VRAOFF)? 1 : 0);
}

int
vnode_is_openevt(vnode_t vp)
{
        return ((vp->v_flag & VOPENEVT)? 1 : 0);
}

/* is vnode_t a standard one? */
int 
vnode_isstandard(vnode_t vp)
{
        return ((vp->v_flag & VSTANDARD)? 1 : 0);
}

/* don't vflush() if SKIPSYSTEM */
int 
vnode_isnoflush(vnode_t vp)
{
        return ((vp->v_flag & VNOFLUSH)? 1 : 0);
}

/* is vnode_t a regular file */
int 
vnode_isreg(vnode_t vp)
{
        return ((vp->v_type == VREG)? 1 : 0);
}

/* is vnode_t a directory? */
int 
vnode_isdir(vnode_t vp)
{
        return ((vp->v_type == VDIR)? 1 : 0);
}

/* is vnode_t a symbolic link ? */
int 
vnode_islnk(vnode_t vp)
{
        return ((vp->v_type == VLNK)? 1 : 0);
}

int
vnode_lookup_continue_needed(vnode_t vp, struct componentname *cnp)
{
        struct nameidata *ndp = cnp->cn_ndp;

        if (ndp == NULL) {
                panic("vnode_lookup_continue_needed(): cnp->cn_ndp is NULL\n");
        }

        if (vnode_isdir(vp)) {
                if (vp->v_mountedhere != NULL) {
                        goto yes;
                }

#if CONFIG_TRIGGERS
                if (vp->v_resolve) {
                        goto yes;
                }
#endif /* CONFIG_TRIGGERS */

        }


        if (vnode_islnk(vp)) {
                /* From lookup():  || *ndp->ni_next == '/') No need for this, we know we're NULL-terminated here */
                if (cnp->cn_flags & FOLLOW) { 
                        goto yes;
                }
                if (ndp->ni_flag & NAMEI_TRAILINGSLASH) {
                        goto yes;
                }
        }

        return 0;

yes:
        ndp->ni_flag |= NAMEI_CONTLOOKUP;
        return EKEEPLOOKING;
}

/* is vnode_t a fifo ? */
int 
vnode_isfifo(vnode_t vp)
{
        return ((vp->v_type == VFIFO)? 1 : 0);
}

/* is vnode_t a block device? */
int 
vnode_isblk(vnode_t vp)
{
        return ((vp->v_type == VBLK)? 1 : 0);
}

int
vnode_isspec(vnode_t vp)
{
        return (((vp->v_type == VCHR) || (vp->v_type == VBLK)) ? 1 : 0);
}

/* is vnode_t a char device? */
int 
vnode_ischr(vnode_t vp)
{
        return ((vp->v_type == VCHR)? 1 : 0);
}

/* is vnode_t a socket? */
int 
vnode_issock(vnode_t vp)
{
        return ((vp->v_type == VSOCK)? 1 : 0);
}

/* is vnode_t a device with multiple active vnodes referring to it? */
int
vnode_isaliased(vnode_t vp)
{       
        enum vtype vt = vp->v_type;
        if (!((vt == VCHR) || (vt == VBLK))) {
                return 0;
        } else {
                return (vp->v_specflags & SI_ALIASED);
        }
}

/* is vnode_t a named stream? */
int 
vnode_isnamedstream(
#if NAMEDSTREAMS
                vnode_t vp
#else
                __unused vnode_t vp
#endif
                )
{
#if NAMEDSTREAMS
        return ((vp->v_flag & VISNAMEDSTREAM) ? 1 : 0);
#else
        return (0);
#endif
}

int     
vnode_isshadow(
#if NAMEDSTREAMS
                vnode_t vp
#else
                __unused vnode_t vp
#endif
                )
{
#if NAMEDSTREAMS
        return ((vp->v_flag & VISSHADOW) ? 1 : 0);
#else
        return (0);
#endif
}

/* does vnode have associated named stream vnodes ? */
int 
vnode_hasnamedstreams(
#if NAMEDSTREAMS
                vnode_t vp
#else
                __unused vnode_t vp
#endif
                )
{
#if NAMEDSTREAMS
        return ((vp->v_lflag & VL_HASSTREAMS) ? 1 : 0);
#else
        return (0);
#endif
}
/* TBD:  set vnode_t to not cache data after it is consumed once; used for quota */
void 
vnode_setnocache(vnode_t vp)
{
        vnode_lock_spin(vp);
        vp->v_flag |= VNOCACHE_DATA;
        vnode_unlock(vp);
}

void 
vnode_clearnocache(vnode_t vp)
{
        vnode_lock_spin(vp);
        vp->v_flag &= ~VNOCACHE_DATA;
        vnode_unlock(vp);
}

void
vnode_set_openevt(vnode_t vp)
{
        vnode_lock_spin(vp);
        vp->v_flag |= VOPENEVT;
        vnode_unlock(vp);
}

void
vnode_clear_openevt(vnode_t vp)
{
        vnode_lock_spin(vp);
        vp->v_flag &= ~VOPENEVT;
        vnode_unlock(vp);
}


void 
vnode_setnoreadahead(vnode_t vp)
{
        vnode_lock_spin(vp);
        vp->v_flag |= VRAOFF;
        vnode_unlock(vp);
}

void 
vnode_clearnoreadahead(vnode_t vp)
{
        vnode_lock_spin(vp);
        vp->v_flag &= ~VRAOFF;
        vnode_unlock(vp);
}

int
vnode_isfastdevicecandidate(vnode_t vp)
{
        return ((vp->v_flag & VFASTDEVCANDIDATE)? 1 : 0);
}

void
vnode_setfastdevicecandidate(vnode_t vp)
{
        vnode_lock_spin(vp);
        vp->v_flag |= VFASTDEVCANDIDATE;
        vnode_unlock(vp);
}

void
vnode_clearfastdevicecandidate(vnode_t vp)
{
        vnode_lock_spin(vp);
        vp->v_flag &= ~VFASTDEVCANDIDATE;
        vnode_unlock(vp);
}

int
vnode_isautocandidate(vnode_t vp)
{
        return ((vp->v_flag & VAUTOCANDIDATE)? 1 : 0);
}

void
vnode_setautocandidate(vnode_t vp)
{
        vnode_lock_spin(vp);
        vp->v_flag |= VAUTOCANDIDATE;
        vnode_unlock(vp);
}

void
vnode_clearautocandidate(vnode_t vp)
{
        vnode_lock_spin(vp);
        vp->v_flag &= ~VAUTOCANDIDATE;
        vnode_unlock(vp);
}




/* mark vnode_t to skip vflush() is SKIPSYSTEM */
void 
vnode_setnoflush(vnode_t vp)
{
        vnode_lock_spin(vp);
        vp->v_flag |= VNOFLUSH;
        vnode_unlock(vp);
}

void 
vnode_clearnoflush(vnode_t vp)
{
        vnode_lock_spin(vp);
        vp->v_flag &= ~VNOFLUSH;
        vnode_unlock(vp);
}


/* is vnode_t a blkdevice and has a FS mounted on it */
int 
vnode_ismountedon(vnode_t vp)
{
        return ((vp->v_specflags & SI_MOUNTEDON)? 1 : 0);
}

void 
vnode_setmountedon(vnode_t vp)
{
        vnode_lock_spin(vp);
        vp->v_specflags |= SI_MOUNTEDON;
        vnode_unlock(vp);
}

void 
vnode_clearmountedon(vnode_t vp)
{
        vnode_lock_spin(vp);
        vp->v_specflags &= ~SI_MOUNTEDON;
        vnode_unlock(vp);
}


void
vnode_settag(vnode_t vp, int tag)
{
        vp->v_tag = tag;

}

int
vnode_tag(vnode_t vp)
{
        return(vp->v_tag);
}

vnode_t 
vnode_parent(vnode_t vp)
{

        return(vp->v_parent);
}

void
vnode_setparent(vnode_t vp, vnode_t dvp)
{
        vp->v_parent = dvp;
}

void
vnode_setname(vnode_t vp, char * name)
{
        vp->v_name = name;
}

/* return the registered  FS name when adding the FS to kernel */
void 
vnode_vfsname(vnode_t vp, char * buf)
{
        strlcpy(buf, vp->v_mount->mnt_vtable->vfc_name, MFSNAMELEN);
}

/* return the FS type number */
int 
vnode_vfstypenum(vnode_t vp)
{
        return(vp->v_mount->mnt_vtable->vfc_typenum);
}

int
vnode_vfs64bitready(vnode_t vp) 
{

        /* 
         * Checking for dead_mountp is a bit of a hack for SnowLeopard: <rdar://problem/6269051>
         */
        if ((vp->v_mount != dead_mountp) && (vp->v_mount->mnt_vtable->vfc_vfsflags & VFC_VFS64BITREADY))
                return(1);
        else
                return(0);
}



/* return the visible flags on associated mount point of vnode_t */
uint32_t 
vnode_vfsvisflags(vnode_t vp)
{
        return(vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_VISFLAGMASK);
}

/* return the command modifier flags on associated mount point of vnode_t */
uint32_t 
vnode_vfscmdflags(vnode_t vp)
{
        return(vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_CMDFLAGS);
}

/* return the max symlink of short links  of vnode_t */
uint32_t 
vnode_vfsmaxsymlen(vnode_t vp)
{
        return(vp->v_mount->mnt_maxsymlinklen);
}

/* return a pointer to the RO vfs_statfs associated with vnode_t's mount point */
struct vfsstatfs *
vnode_vfsstatfs(vnode_t vp)
{
        return(&vp->v_mount->mnt_vfsstat);
}

/* return a handle to the FSs specific private handle associated with vnode_t's mount point */
void *
vnode_vfsfsprivate(vnode_t vp)
{
        return(vp->v_mount->mnt_data);
}

/* is vnode_t in a rdonly mounted  FS */
int 
vnode_vfsisrdonly(vnode_t vp)
{
        return ((vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_RDONLY)? 1 : 0);
}

int
vnode_compound_rename_available(vnode_t vp) 
{
        return vnode_compound_op_available(vp, COMPOUND_VNOP_RENAME);
}
int
vnode_compound_rmdir_available(vnode_t vp) 
{
        return vnode_compound_op_available(vp, COMPOUND_VNOP_RMDIR);
}
int
vnode_compound_mkdir_available(vnode_t vp) 
{
        return vnode_compound_op_available(vp, COMPOUND_VNOP_MKDIR);
}
int
vnode_compound_remove_available(vnode_t vp) 
{
        return vnode_compound_op_available(vp, COMPOUND_VNOP_REMOVE);
}
int
vnode_compound_open_available(vnode_t vp) 
{
        return vnode_compound_op_available(vp, COMPOUND_VNOP_OPEN);
}

int
vnode_compound_op_available(vnode_t vp, compound_vnop_id_t opid) 
{
        return ((vp->v_mount->mnt_compound_ops & opid) != 0);
}

/*
 * Returns vnode ref to current working directory; if a per-thread current
 * working directory is in effect, return that instead of the per process one.
 *
 * XXX Published, but not used.
 */
vnode_t 
current_workingdir(void)
{
        return vfs_context_cwd(vfs_context_current());
}

/* returns vnode ref to current root(chroot) directory */
vnode_t 
current_rootdir(void)
{
        proc_t proc = current_proc();
        struct vnode * vp ;

        if ( (vp = proc->p_fd->fd_rdir) ) {
                if ( (vnode_getwithref(vp)) )
                        return (NULL);
        }
        return vp;
}

/*
 * Get a filesec and optional acl contents from an extended attribute.
 * Function will attempt to retrive ACL, UUID, and GUID information using a
 * read of a named extended attribute (KAUTH_FILESEC_XATTR).
 *
 * Parameters:  vp                      The vnode on which to operate.
 *              fsecp                   The filesec (and ACL, if any) being
 *                                      retrieved.
 *              ctx                     The vnode context in which the
 *                                      operation is to be attempted.
 *
 * Returns:     0                       Success
 *              !0                      errno value
 *
 * Notes:       The kauth_filesec_t in '*fsecp', if retrieved, will be in
 *              host byte order, as will be the ACL contents, if any.
 *              Internally, we will cannonize these values from network (PPC)
 *              byte order after we retrieve them so that the on-disk contents
 *              of the extended attribute are identical for both PPC and Intel
 *              (if we were not being required to provide this service via
 *              fallback, this would be the job of the filesystem
 *              'VNOP_GETATTR' call).
 *
 *              We use ntohl() because it has a transitive property on Intel
 *              machines and no effect on PPC mancines.  This guarantees us
 *
 * XXX:         Deleting rather than ignoreing a corrupt security structure is
 *              probably the only way to reset it without assistance from an
 *              file system integrity checking tool.  Right now we ignore it.
 *
 * XXX:         We should enummerate the possible errno values here, and where
 *              in the code they originated.
 */
static int
vnode_get_filesec(vnode_t vp, kauth_filesec_t *fsecp, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        kauth_filesec_t fsec;
        uio_t   fsec_uio;
        size_t  fsec_size;
        size_t  xsize, rsize;
        int     error;
        uint32_t        host_fsec_magic;
        uint32_t        host_acl_entrycount;

        fsec = NULL;
        fsec_uio = NULL;

        /* find out how big the EA is */
        error = vn_getxattr(vp, KAUTH_FILESEC_XATTR, NULL, &xsize, XATTR_NOSECURITY, ctx);
        if (error != 0) {
                /* no EA, no filesec */
                if ((error == ENOATTR) || (error == ENOENT) || (error == EJUSTRETURN))
                        error = 0;
                /* either way, we are done */
                goto out;
        }

        /*
         * To be valid, a kauth_filesec_t must be large enough to hold a zero
         * ACE entrly ACL, and if it's larger than that, it must have the right
         * number of bytes such that it contains an atomic number of ACEs,
         * rather than partial entries.  Otherwise, we ignore it.
         */
        if (!KAUTH_FILESEC_VALID(xsize)) {
                KAUTH_DEBUG("    ERROR - Bogus kauth_fiilesec_t: %ld bytes", xsize);    
                error = 0;
                goto out;
        }
                                
        /* how many entries would fit? */
        fsec_size = KAUTH_FILESEC_COUNT(xsize);
        if (fsec_size > KAUTH_ACL_MAX_ENTRIES) {
                KAUTH_DEBUG("    ERROR - Bogus (too large) kauth_fiilesec_t: %ld bytes", xsize);
                error = 0;
                goto out;
        }

        /* get buffer and uio */
        if (((fsec = kauth_filesec_alloc(fsec_size)) == NULL) ||
            ((fsec_uio = uio_create(1, 0, UIO_SYSSPACE, UIO_READ)) == NULL) ||
            uio_addiov(fsec_uio, CAST_USER_ADDR_T(fsec), xsize)) {
                KAUTH_DEBUG("    ERROR - could not allocate iov to read ACL");  
                error = ENOMEM;
                goto out;
        }

        /* read security attribute */
        rsize = xsize;
        if ((error = vn_getxattr(vp,
                 KAUTH_FILESEC_XATTR,
                 fsec_uio,
                 &rsize,
                 XATTR_NOSECURITY,
                 ctx)) != 0) {

                /* no attribute - no security data */
                if ((error == ENOATTR) || (error == ENOENT) || (error == EJUSTRETURN))
                        error = 0;
                /* either way, we are done */
                goto out;
        }

        /*
         * Validate security structure; the validation must take place in host
         * byte order.  If it's corrupt, we will just ignore it.
         */

        /* Validate the size before trying to convert it */
        if (rsize < KAUTH_FILESEC_SIZE(0)) {
                KAUTH_DEBUG("ACL - DATA TOO SMALL (%d)", rsize);
                goto out;
        }

        /* Validate the magic number before trying to convert it */
        host_fsec_magic = ntohl(KAUTH_FILESEC_MAGIC);
        if (fsec->fsec_magic != host_fsec_magic) {
                KAUTH_DEBUG("ACL - BAD MAGIC %x", host_fsec_magic);
                goto out;
        }

        /* Validate the entry count before trying to convert it. */
        host_acl_entrycount = ntohl(fsec->fsec_acl.acl_entrycount);
        if (host_acl_entrycount != KAUTH_FILESEC_NOACL) {
                if (host_acl_entrycount > KAUTH_ACL_MAX_ENTRIES) {
                        KAUTH_DEBUG("ACL - BAD ENTRYCOUNT %x", host_acl_entrycount);
                        goto out;
                }
                if (KAUTH_FILESEC_SIZE(host_acl_entrycount) > rsize) {
                        KAUTH_DEBUG("ACL - BUFFER OVERFLOW (%d entries too big for %d)", host_acl_entrycount, rsize);
                        goto out;
                }
        }

        kauth_filesec_acl_setendian(KAUTH_ENDIAN_HOST, fsec, NULL);

        *fsecp = fsec;
        fsec = NULL;
        error = 0;
out:
        if (fsec != NULL)
                kauth_filesec_free(fsec);
        if (fsec_uio != NULL)
                uio_free(fsec_uio);
        if (error)
                *fsecp = NULL;
        return(error);
}

/*
 * Set a filesec and optional acl contents into an extended attribute.
 * function will attempt to store ACL, UUID, and GUID information using a
 * write to a named extended attribute (KAUTH_FILESEC_XATTR).  The 'acl'
 * may or may not point to the `fsec->fsec_acl`, depending on whether the
 * original caller supplied an acl.
 *
 * Parameters:  vp                      The vnode on which to operate.
 *              fsec                    The filesec being set.
 *              acl                     The acl to be associated with 'fsec'.
 *              ctx                     The vnode context in which the
 *                                      operation is to be attempted.
 *
 * Returns:     0                       Success
 *              !0                      errno value
 *
 * Notes:       Both the fsec and the acl are always valid.
 *
 *              The kauth_filesec_t in 'fsec', if any, is in host byte order,
 *              as are the acl contents, if they are used.  Internally, we will
 *              cannonize these values into network (PPC) byte order before we
 *              attempt to write them so that the on-disk contents of the
 *              extended attribute are identical for both PPC and Intel (if we
 *              were not being required to provide this service via fallback,
 *              this would be the job of the filesystem 'VNOP_SETATTR' call).
 *              We reverse this process on the way out, so we leave with the
 *              same byte order we started with.
 *
 * XXX:         We should enummerate the possible errno values here, and where
 *              in the code they originated.
 */
static int
vnode_set_filesec(vnode_t vp, kauth_filesec_t fsec, kauth_acl_t acl, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        uio_t           fsec_uio;
        int             error;
        uint32_t        saved_acl_copysize;

        fsec_uio = NULL;
        
        if ((fsec_uio = uio_create(2, 0, UIO_SYSSPACE, UIO_WRITE)) == NULL) {
                KAUTH_DEBUG("    ERROR - could not allocate iov to write ACL"); 
                error = ENOMEM;
                goto out;
        }
        /*
         * Save the pre-converted ACL copysize, because it gets swapped too
         * if we are running with the wrong endianness.
         */
        saved_acl_copysize = KAUTH_ACL_COPYSIZE(acl);

        kauth_filesec_acl_setendian(KAUTH_ENDIAN_DISK, fsec, acl);

        uio_addiov(fsec_uio, CAST_USER_ADDR_T(fsec), KAUTH_FILESEC_SIZE(0) - KAUTH_ACL_SIZE(KAUTH_FILESEC_NOACL));
        uio_addiov(fsec_uio, CAST_USER_ADDR_T(acl), saved_acl_copysize);
        error = vn_setxattr(vp,
            KAUTH_FILESEC_XATTR,
            fsec_uio,
            XATTR_NOSECURITY,           /* we have auth'ed already */
            ctx);
        VFS_DEBUG(ctx, vp, "SETATTR - set ACL returning %d", error);

        kauth_filesec_acl_setendian(KAUTH_ENDIAN_HOST, fsec, acl);

out:
        if (fsec_uio != NULL)
                uio_free(fsec_uio);
        return(error);
}


/*
 * Returns:     0                       Success
 *              ENOMEM                  Not enough space [only if has filesec]
 *              EINVAL                  Requested unknown attributes
 *              VNOP_GETATTR:           ???
 *              vnode_get_filesec:      ???
 *              kauth_cred_guid2uid:    ???
 *              kauth_cred_guid2gid:    ???
 *              vfs_update_vfsstat:     ???
 */
int
vnode_getattr(vnode_t vp, struct vnode_attr *vap, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        kauth_filesec_t fsec;
        kauth_acl_t facl;
        int     error;
        uid_t   nuid;
        gid_t   ngid;

        /*
         * Reject attempts to fetch unknown attributes.
         */
        if (vap->va_active & ~VNODE_ATTR_ALL)
                return (EINVAL);

        /* don't ask for extended security data if the filesystem doesn't support it */
        if (!vfs_extendedsecurity(vnode_mount(vp))) {
                VATTR_CLEAR_ACTIVE(vap, va_acl);
                VATTR_CLEAR_ACTIVE(vap, va_uuuid);
                VATTR_CLEAR_ACTIVE(vap, va_guuid);
        }

        /*
         * If the caller wants size values we might have to synthesise, give the
         * filesystem the opportunity to supply better intermediate results.
         */
        if (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_data_alloc) ||
            VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_total_size) ||
            VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_total_alloc)) {
                VATTR_SET_ACTIVE(vap, va_data_size);
                VATTR_SET_ACTIVE(vap, va_data_alloc);
                VATTR_SET_ACTIVE(vap, va_total_size);
                VATTR_SET_ACTIVE(vap, va_total_alloc);
        }
        
        error = VNOP_GETATTR(vp, vap, ctx);
        if (error) {
                KAUTH_DEBUG("ERROR - returning %d", error);
                goto out;
        }

        /*
         * If extended security data was requested but not returned, try the fallback
         * path.
         */
        if (VATTR_NOT_RETURNED(vap, va_acl) || VATTR_NOT_RETURNED(vap, va_uuuid) || VATTR_NOT_RETURNED(vap, va_guuid)) {
                fsec = NULL;

                if (XATTR_VNODE_SUPPORTED(vp)) {
                        /* try to get the filesec */
                        if ((error = vnode_get_filesec(vp, &fsec, ctx)) != 0)
                                goto out;
                }
                /* if no filesec, no attributes */
                if (fsec == NULL) {
                        VATTR_RETURN(vap, va_acl, NULL);
                        VATTR_RETURN(vap, va_uuuid, kauth_null_guid);
                        VATTR_RETURN(vap, va_guuid, kauth_null_guid);
                } else {

                        /* looks good, try to return what we were asked for */
                        VATTR_RETURN(vap, va_uuuid, fsec->fsec_owner);
                        VATTR_RETURN(vap, va_guuid, fsec->fsec_group);

                        /* only return the ACL if we were actually asked for it */
                        if (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_acl)) {
                                if (fsec->fsec_acl.acl_entrycount == KAUTH_FILESEC_NOACL) {
                                        VATTR_RETURN(vap, va_acl, NULL);
                                } else {
                                        facl = kauth_acl_alloc(fsec->fsec_acl.acl_entrycount);
                                        if (facl == NULL) {
                                                kauth_filesec_free(fsec);
                                                error = ENOMEM;
                                                goto out;
                                        }
                                        bcopy(&fsec->fsec_acl, facl, KAUTH_ACL_COPYSIZE(&fsec->fsec_acl));
                                        VATTR_RETURN(vap, va_acl, facl);
                                }
                        }
                        kauth_filesec_free(fsec);
                }
        }
        /*
         * If someone gave us an unsolicited filesec, toss it.  We promise that
         * we're OK with a filesystem giving us anything back, but our callers
         * only expect what they asked for.
         */
        if (VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(vap, va_acl) && !VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_acl)) {
                if (vap->va_acl != NULL)
                        kauth_acl_free(vap->va_acl);
                VATTR_CLEAR_SUPPORTED(vap, va_acl);
        }

#if 0   /* enable when we have a filesystem only supporting UUIDs */
        /*
         * Handle the case where we need a UID/GID, but only have extended
         * security information.
         */
        if (VATTR_NOT_RETURNED(vap, va_uid) &&
            VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(vap, va_uuuid) &&
            !kauth_guid_equal(&vap->va_uuuid, &kauth_null_guid)) {
                if ((error = kauth_cred_guid2uid(&vap->va_uuuid, &nuid)) == 0)
                        VATTR_RETURN(vap, va_uid, nuid);
        }
        if (VATTR_NOT_RETURNED(vap, va_gid) &&
            VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(vap, va_guuid) &&
            !kauth_guid_equal(&vap->va_guuid, &kauth_null_guid)) {
                if ((error = kauth_cred_guid2gid(&vap->va_guuid, &ngid)) == 0)
                        VATTR_RETURN(vap, va_gid, ngid);
        }
#endif
        
        /*
         * Handle uid/gid == 99 and MNT_IGNORE_OWNERSHIP here.
         */
        if (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_uid)) {
                if (vfs_context_issuser(ctx) && VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(vap, va_uid)) {
                        nuid = vap->va_uid;
                } else if (vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_IGNORE_OWNERSHIP) {
                        nuid = vp->v_mount->mnt_fsowner;
                        if (nuid == KAUTH_UID_NONE)
                                nuid = 99;
                } else if (VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(vap, va_uid)) {
                        nuid = vap->va_uid;
                } else {
                        /* this will always be something sensible */
                        nuid = vp->v_mount->mnt_fsowner;
                }
                if ((nuid == 99) && !vfs_context_issuser(ctx))
                        nuid = kauth_cred_getuid(vfs_context_ucred(ctx));
                VATTR_RETURN(vap, va_uid, nuid);
        }
        if (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_gid)) {
                if (vfs_context_issuser(ctx) && VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(vap, va_gid)) {
                        ngid = vap->va_gid;
                } else if (vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_IGNORE_OWNERSHIP) {
                        ngid = vp->v_mount->mnt_fsgroup;
                        if (ngid == KAUTH_GID_NONE)
                                ngid = 99;
                } else if (VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(vap, va_gid)) {
                        ngid = vap->va_gid;
                } else {
                        /* this will always be something sensible */
                        ngid = vp->v_mount->mnt_fsgroup;
                }
                if ((ngid == 99) && !vfs_context_issuser(ctx))
                        ngid = kauth_cred_getgid(vfs_context_ucred(ctx));
                VATTR_RETURN(vap, va_gid, ngid);
        }

        /*
         * Synthesise some values that can be reasonably guessed.
         */
        if (!VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(vap, va_iosize))
                VATTR_RETURN(vap, va_iosize, vp->v_mount->mnt_vfsstat.f_iosize);
        
        if (!VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(vap, va_flags))
                VATTR_RETURN(vap, va_flags, 0);

        if (!VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(vap, va_filerev))
                VATTR_RETURN(vap, va_filerev, 0);

        if (!VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(vap, va_gen))
                VATTR_RETURN(vap, va_gen, 0);

        /*
         * Default sizes.  Ordering here is important, as later defaults build on earlier ones.
         */
        if (!VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(vap, va_data_size))
                VATTR_RETURN(vap, va_data_size, 0);

        /* do we want any of the possibly-computed values? */
        if (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_data_alloc) ||
            VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_total_size) ||
            VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_total_alloc)) {
                /* make sure f_bsize is valid */
                if (vp->v_mount->mnt_vfsstat.f_bsize == 0) {
                    if ((error = vfs_update_vfsstat(vp->v_mount, ctx, VFS_KERNEL_EVENT)) != 0)
                        goto out;
                }

                /* default va_data_alloc from va_data_size */
                if (!VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(vap, va_data_alloc))
                        VATTR_RETURN(vap, va_data_alloc, roundup(vap->va_data_size, vp->v_mount->mnt_vfsstat.f_bsize));

                /* default va_total_size from va_data_size */
                if (!VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(vap, va_total_size))
                        VATTR_RETURN(vap, va_total_size, vap->va_data_size);

                /* default va_total_alloc from va_total_size which is guaranteed at this point */
                if (!VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(vap, va_total_alloc))
                        VATTR_RETURN(vap, va_total_alloc, roundup(vap->va_total_size, vp->v_mount->mnt_vfsstat.f_bsize));
        }

        /*
         * If we don't have a change time, pull it from the modtime.
         */
        if (!VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(vap, va_change_time) && VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(vap, va_modify_time))
                VATTR_RETURN(vap, va_change_time, vap->va_modify_time);

        /*
         * This is really only supported for the creation VNOPs, but since the field is there
         * we should populate it correctly.
         */
        VATTR_RETURN(vap, va_type, vp->v_type);

        /*
         * The fsid can be obtained from the mountpoint directly.
         */
        VATTR_RETURN(vap, va_fsid, vp->v_mount->mnt_vfsstat.f_fsid.val[0]);

out:

        return(error);
}

/*
 * Set the attributes on a vnode in a vnode context.
 *
 * Parameters:  vp                      The vnode whose attributes to set.
 *              vap                     A pointer to the attributes to set.
 *              ctx                     The vnode context in which the
 *                                      operation is to be attempted.
 *
 * Returns:     0                       Success
 *              !0                      errno value
 *
 * Notes:       The kauth_filesec_t in 'vap', if any, is in host byte order.
 *
 *              The contents of the data area pointed to by 'vap' may be
 *              modified if the vnode is on a filesystem which has been
 *              mounted with ingore ownership flags, or by the underlyng
 *              VFS itself, or by the fallback code, if the underlying VFS
 *              does not support ACL, UUID, or GUUID attributes directly.
 *
 * XXX:         We should enummerate the possible errno values here, and where
 *              in the code they originated.
 */
int
vnode_setattr(vnode_t vp, struct vnode_attr *vap, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int     error;
#if CONFIG_FSE
        uint64_t active;
        int     is_perm_change = 0;
        int     is_stat_change = 0;
#endif

        /*
         * Reject attempts to set unknown attributes.
         */
        if (vap->va_active & ~VNODE_ATTR_ALL)
                return (EINVAL);

        /*
         * Make sure the filesystem is mounted R/W.
         * If not, return an error.
         */
        if (vfs_isrdonly(vp->v_mount)) {
                error = EROFS;
                goto out;
        }

#if DEVELOPMENT || DEBUG
        /*
         * XXX VSWAP: Check for entitlements or special flag here
         * so we can restrict access appropriately.
         */
#else /* DEVELOPMENT || DEBUG */

        if (vnode_isswap(vp) && (ctx != vfs_context_kernel())) {
                error = EPERM;
                goto out;
        }
#endif /* DEVELOPMENT || DEBUG */

#if NAMEDSTREAMS
        /* For streams, va_data_size is the only setable attribute. */
        if ((vp->v_flag & VISNAMEDSTREAM) && (vap->va_active != VNODE_ATTR_va_data_size)) {
                error = EPERM;
                goto out;
        }
#endif
        /* Check for truncation */
        if(VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap,  va_data_size)) {
                switch(vp->v_type) {
                case VREG:
                        /* For regular files it's ok */
                        break;
                case VDIR:
                        /* Not allowed to truncate directories */
                        error = EISDIR;
                        goto out;
                default:
                        /* For everything else we will clear the bit and let underlying FS decide on the rest */
                        VATTR_CLEAR_ACTIVE(vap, va_data_size);
                        if (vap->va_active)
                                break;
                        /* If it was the only bit set, return success, to handle cases like redirect to /dev/null */
                        return (0);
                }
        }
        
        /*
         * If ownership is being ignored on this volume, we silently discard
         * ownership changes.
         */
        if (vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_IGNORE_OWNERSHIP) {
                VATTR_CLEAR_ACTIVE(vap, va_uid);
                VATTR_CLEAR_ACTIVE(vap, va_gid);
        }

        /*
         * Make sure that extended security is enabled if we're going to try
         * to set any.
         */
        if (!vfs_extendedsecurity(vnode_mount(vp)) &&
            (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_acl) || VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_uuuid) || VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_guuid))) {
                KAUTH_DEBUG("SETATTR - returning ENOTSUP to request to set extended security");
                error = ENOTSUP;
                goto out;
        }

        /* Never allow the setting of any unsupported superuser flags. */
        if (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_flags)) {
            vap->va_flags &= (SF_SUPPORTED | UF_SETTABLE);
        }

#if CONFIG_FSE
        /*
         * Remember all of the active attributes that we're
         * attempting to modify.
         */
        active = vap->va_active & ~VNODE_ATTR_RDONLY;
#endif

        error = VNOP_SETATTR(vp, vap, ctx);

        if ((error == 0) && !VATTR_ALL_SUPPORTED(vap))
                error = vnode_setattr_fallback(vp, vap, ctx);

#if CONFIG_FSE
#define PERMISSION_BITS (VNODE_ATTR_BIT(va_uid) | VNODE_ATTR_BIT(va_uuuid) | \
                         VNODE_ATTR_BIT(va_gid) | VNODE_ATTR_BIT(va_guuid) | \
                         VNODE_ATTR_BIT(va_mode) | VNODE_ATTR_BIT(va_acl))

        /*
         * Now that we've changed them, decide whether to send an
         * FSevent.
         */
        if ((active & PERMISSION_BITS) & vap->va_supported) {
                is_perm_change = 1;
        } else {
                /*
                 * We've already checked the permission bits, and we
                 * also want to filter out access time / backup time
                 * changes.
                 */
                active &= ~(PERMISSION_BITS |
                            VNODE_ATTR_BIT(va_access_time) |
                            VNODE_ATTR_BIT(va_backup_time));

                /* Anything left to notify about? */
                if (active & vap->va_supported)
                        is_stat_change = 1;
        }

        if (error == 0) {
            if (is_perm_change) {
                if (need_fsevent(FSE_CHOWN, vp)) {
                    add_fsevent(FSE_CHOWN, ctx, FSE_ARG_VNODE, vp, FSE_ARG_DONE);
                }
            } else if (is_stat_change && need_fsevent(FSE_STAT_CHANGED, vp)) {
                add_fsevent(FSE_STAT_CHANGED, ctx, FSE_ARG_VNODE, vp, FSE_ARG_DONE);
            }
        }
#undef PERMISSION_BITS
#endif

out:
        return(error);
}

/*
 * Fallback for setting the attributes on a vnode in a vnode context.  This
 * Function will attempt to store ACL, UUID, and GUID information utilizing
 * a read/modify/write operation against an EA used as a backing store for
 * the object.
 *
 * Parameters:  vp                      The vnode whose attributes to set.
 *              vap                     A pointer to the attributes to set.
 *              ctx                     The vnode context in which the
 *                                      operation is to be attempted.
 *
 * Returns:     0                       Success
 *              !0                      errno value
 *
 * Notes:       The kauth_filesec_t in 'vap', if any, is in host byte order,
 *              as are the fsec and lfsec, if they are used.
 *
 *              The contents of the data area pointed to by 'vap' may be
 *              modified to indicate that the attribute is supported for
 *              any given requested attribute.
 *
 * XXX:         We should enummerate the possible errno values here, and where
 *              in the code they originated.
 */
int
vnode_setattr_fallback(vnode_t vp, struct vnode_attr *vap, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        kauth_filesec_t fsec;
        kauth_acl_t facl;
        struct kauth_filesec lfsec;
        int     error;

        error = 0;

        /*
         * Extended security fallback via extended attributes.
         *
         * Note that we do not free the filesec; the caller is expected to
         * do this.
         */
        if (VATTR_NOT_RETURNED(vap, va_acl) ||
            VATTR_NOT_RETURNED(vap, va_uuuid) ||
            VATTR_NOT_RETURNED(vap, va_guuid)) {
                VFS_DEBUG(ctx, vp, "SETATTR - doing filesec fallback");

                /*
                 * Fail for file types that we don't permit extended security
                 * to be set on.
                 */
                if (!XATTR_VNODE_SUPPORTED(vp)) {
                        VFS_DEBUG(ctx, vp, "SETATTR - Can't write ACL to file type %d", vnode_vtype(vp));
                        error = EINVAL;
                        goto out;
                }

                /*
                 * If we don't have all the extended security items, we need
                 * to fetch the existing data to perform a read-modify-write
                 * operation.
                 */
                fsec = NULL;
                if (!VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_acl) ||
                    !VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_uuuid) ||
                    !VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_guuid)) {
                        if ((error = vnode_get_filesec(vp, &fsec, ctx)) != 0) {
                                KAUTH_DEBUG("SETATTR - ERROR %d fetching filesec for update", error);
                                goto out;
                        }
                }
                /* if we didn't get a filesec, use our local one */
                if (fsec == NULL) {
                        KAUTH_DEBUG("SETATTR - using local filesec for new/full update");
                        fsec = &lfsec;
                } else {
                        KAUTH_DEBUG("SETATTR - updating existing filesec");
                }
                /* find the ACL */
                facl = &fsec->fsec_acl;
                
                /* if we're using the local filesec, we need to initialise it */
                if (fsec == &lfsec) {
                        fsec->fsec_magic = KAUTH_FILESEC_MAGIC;
                        fsec->fsec_owner = kauth_null_guid;
                        fsec->fsec_group = kauth_null_guid;
                        facl->acl_entrycount = KAUTH_FILESEC_NOACL;
                        facl->acl_flags = 0;
                }

                /*
                 * Update with the supplied attributes.
                 */
                if (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_uuuid)) {
                        KAUTH_DEBUG("SETATTR - updating owner UUID");
                        fsec->fsec_owner = vap->va_uuuid;
                        VATTR_SET_SUPPORTED(vap, va_uuuid);
                }
                if (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_guuid)) {
                        KAUTH_DEBUG("SETATTR - updating group UUID");
                        fsec->fsec_group = vap->va_guuid;
                        VATTR_SET_SUPPORTED(vap, va_guuid);
                }
                if (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_acl)) {
                        if (vap->va_acl == NULL) {
                                KAUTH_DEBUG("SETATTR - removing ACL");
                                facl->acl_entrycount = KAUTH_FILESEC_NOACL;
                        } else {
                                KAUTH_DEBUG("SETATTR - setting ACL with %d entries", vap->va_acl->acl_entrycount);
                                facl = vap->va_acl;
                        }
                        VATTR_SET_SUPPORTED(vap, va_acl);
                }
                
                /*
                 * If the filesec data is all invalid, we can just remove
                 * the EA completely.
                 */
                if ((facl->acl_entrycount == KAUTH_FILESEC_NOACL) &&
                    kauth_guid_equal(&fsec->fsec_owner, &kauth_null_guid) &&
                    kauth_guid_equal(&fsec->fsec_group, &kauth_null_guid)) {
                        error = vn_removexattr(vp, KAUTH_FILESEC_XATTR, XATTR_NOSECURITY, ctx);
                        /* no attribute is ok, nothing to delete */
                        if (error == ENOATTR)
                                error = 0;
                        VFS_DEBUG(ctx, vp, "SETATTR - remove filesec returning %d", error);
                } else {
                        /* write the EA */
                        error = vnode_set_filesec(vp, fsec, facl, ctx);
                        VFS_DEBUG(ctx, vp, "SETATTR - update filesec returning %d", error);
                }

                /* if we fetched a filesec, dispose of the buffer */
                if (fsec != &lfsec)
                        kauth_filesec_free(fsec);
        }
out:

        return(error);
}

/*
 * Upcall for a filesystem to tell VFS about an EVFILT_VNODE-type
 * event on a vnode.
 */
int
vnode_notify(vnode_t vp, uint32_t events, struct vnode_attr *vap) 
{
        /* These are the same as the corresponding knotes, at least for now.  Cheating a little. */
        uint32_t knote_mask = (VNODE_EVENT_WRITE | VNODE_EVENT_DELETE | VNODE_EVENT_RENAME 
                | VNODE_EVENT_LINK | VNODE_EVENT_EXTEND | VNODE_EVENT_ATTRIB);
        uint32_t dir_contents_mask = (VNODE_EVENT_DIR_CREATED | VNODE_EVENT_FILE_CREATED 
                        | VNODE_EVENT_DIR_REMOVED | VNODE_EVENT_FILE_REMOVED);
        uint32_t knote_events = (events & knote_mask);

        /* Permissions are not explicitly part of the kqueue model */
        if (events & VNODE_EVENT_PERMS) {
                knote_events |= NOTE_ATTRIB;
        } 

        /* Directory contents information just becomes NOTE_WRITE */
        if ((vnode_isdir(vp)) && (events & dir_contents_mask)) {
                knote_events |= NOTE_WRITE;
        }
        
        if (knote_events) {
                lock_vnode_and_post(vp, knote_events);
#if CONFIG_FSE
                if (vap != NULL) {
                        create_fsevent_from_kevent(vp, events, vap);
                }
#else
                (void)vap;
#endif
        } 

        return 0;
}



int
vnode_isdyldsharedcache(vnode_t vp)
{
        return ((vp->v_flag & VSHARED_DYLD) ? 1 : 0);
}


/*
 * For a filesystem that isn't tracking its own vnode watchers:
 * check whether a vnode is being monitored.
 */
int
vnode_ismonitored(vnode_t vp) {
        return (vp->v_knotes.slh_first != NULL);
}

int
vnode_getbackingvnode(vnode_t in_vp, vnode_t* out_vpp)
{
        if (out_vpp) {
                *out_vpp = NULLVP;
        }
#if NULLFS
        return nullfs_getbackingvnode(in_vp, out_vpp);
#else
#pragma unused(in_vp)
        return ENOENT;
#endif
}

/*
 * Initialize a struct vnode_attr and activate the attributes required
 * by the vnode_notify() call.
 */
int
vfs_get_notify_attributes(struct vnode_attr *vap) 
{
        VATTR_INIT(vap); 
        vap->va_active = VNODE_NOTIFY_ATTRS;
        return 0;
}

#if CONFIG_TRIGGERS
int 
vfs_settriggercallback(fsid_t *fsid, vfs_trigger_callback_t vtc, void *data, uint32_t flags __unused, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int error;
        mount_t mp;

        mp = mount_list_lookupby_fsid(fsid, 0 /* locked */, 1 /* withref */);
        if (mp == NULL) {
                return ENOENT;
        }

        error = vfs_busy(mp, LK_NOWAIT);
        mount_iterdrop(mp);

        if (error != 0) {
                return ENOENT;
        }

        mount_lock(mp);
        if (mp->mnt_triggercallback != NULL) {
                error = EBUSY;
                mount_unlock(mp);
                goto out;
        }

        mp->mnt_triggercallback = vtc;
        mp->mnt_triggerdata = data;
        mount_unlock(mp);

        mp->mnt_triggercallback(mp, VTC_REPLACE, data, ctx);

out:
        vfs_unbusy(mp);
        return 0;
}
#endif /* CONFIG_TRIGGERS */

/*
 *  Definition of vnode operations.
 */

#if 0
/*
 *# 
 *#% lookup       dvp     L ? ?
 *#% lookup       vpp     - L -
 */
struct vnop_lookup_args {
        struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
        vnode_t a_dvp;
        vnode_t *a_vpp;
        struct componentname *a_cnp;
        vfs_context_t a_context;
};
#endif /* 0*/

/*
 * Returns:     0                       Success
 *      lock_fsnode:ENOENT              No such file or directory [only for VFS
 *                                       that is not thread safe & vnode is
 *                                       currently being/has been terminated]
 *      <vfs_lookup>:ENAMETOOLONG
 *      <vfs_lookup>:ENOENT
 *      <vfs_lookup>:EJUSTRETURN
 *      <vfs_lookup>:EPERM
 *      <vfs_lookup>:EISDIR
 *      <vfs_lookup>:ENOTDIR
 *      <vfs_lookup>:???
 *
 * Note:        The return codes from the underlying VFS's lookup routine can't
 *              be fully enumerated here, since third party VFS authors may not
 *              limit their error returns to the ones documented here, even
 *              though this may result in some programs functioning incorrectly.
 *
 *              The return codes documented above are those which may currently
 *              be returned by HFS from hfs_lookup, not including additional
 *              error code which may be propagated from underlying routines.
 */
errno_t 
VNOP_LOOKUP(vnode_t dvp, vnode_t *vpp, struct componentname *cnp, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int _err;
        struct vnop_lookup_args a;

        a.a_desc = &vnop_lookup_desc;
        a.a_dvp = dvp;
        a.a_vpp = vpp;
        a.a_cnp = cnp;
        a.a_context = ctx;

        _err = (*dvp->v_op[vnop_lookup_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        if (_err == 0 && *vpp) {
                DTRACE_FSINFO(lookup, vnode_t, *vpp);
        }

        return (_err);
}

#if 0
struct vnop_compound_open_args {
        struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
        vnode_t a_dvp;
        vnode_t *a_vpp;
        struct componentname *a_cnp;
        int32_t a_flags;
        int32_t a_fmode;
        struct vnode_attr *a_vap;
        vfs_context_t a_context;
        void *a_reserved;
};
#endif /* 0 */

int
VNOP_COMPOUND_OPEN(vnode_t dvp, vnode_t *vpp, struct nameidata *ndp, int32_t flags, int32_t fmode, uint32_t *statusp, struct vnode_attr *vap, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int _err;
        struct vnop_compound_open_args a;
        int did_create = 0;
        int want_create;
        uint32_t tmp_status = 0;
        struct componentname *cnp = &ndp->ni_cnd;

        want_create = (flags & O_CREAT);

        a.a_desc = &vnop_compound_open_desc;
        a.a_dvp = dvp;
        a.a_vpp = vpp; /* Could be NULL */
        a.a_cnp = cnp;
        a.a_flags = flags;
        a.a_fmode = fmode;
        a.a_status = (statusp != NULL) ? statusp : &tmp_status;
        a.a_vap = vap;
        a.a_context = ctx;
        a.a_open_create_authorizer = vn_authorize_create;
        a.a_open_existing_authorizer = vn_authorize_open_existing;
        a.a_reserved = NULL;

        if (dvp == NULLVP) {
                panic("No dvp?");
        }
        if (want_create && !vap) {
                panic("Want create, but no vap?");
        }
        if (!want_create && vap) {
                panic("Don't want create, but have a vap?");
        }

        _err = (*dvp->v_op[vnop_compound_open_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        if (want_create) {
                if (_err == 0 && *vpp) {
                        DTRACE_FSINFO(compound_open, vnode_t, *vpp);
                } else {
                        DTRACE_FSINFO(compound_open, vnode_t, dvp);
                }
        } else {
                DTRACE_FSINFO(compound_open, vnode_t, *vpp);
        }

        did_create = (*a.a_status & COMPOUND_OPEN_STATUS_DID_CREATE);

        if (did_create && !want_create) {
                panic("Filesystem did a create, even though none was requested?");
        }

        if (did_create) { 
#if CONFIG_APPLEDOUBLE
                if (!NATIVE_XATTR(dvp)) {
                        /* 
                         * Remove stale Apple Double file (if any).
                         */
                        xattrfile_remove(dvp, cnp->cn_nameptr, ctx, 0);
                }
#endif /* CONFIG_APPLEDOUBLE */
                /* On create, provide kqueue notification */
                post_event_if_success(dvp, _err, NOTE_WRITE);
        }

        lookup_compound_vnop_post_hook(_err, dvp, *vpp, ndp, did_create);
#if 0 /* FSEvents... */
        if (*vpp && _err && _err != EKEEPLOOKING) {
                vnode_put(*vpp);
                *vpp = NULLVP;
        }
#endif /* 0 */

        return (_err);

}

#if 0
struct vnop_create_args {
        struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
        vnode_t a_dvp;
        vnode_t *a_vpp;
        struct componentname *a_cnp;
        struct vnode_attr *a_vap;
        vfs_context_t a_context;
};
#endif /* 0*/
errno_t 
VNOP_CREATE(vnode_t dvp, vnode_t * vpp, struct componentname * cnp, struct vnode_attr * vap, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int _err;
        struct vnop_create_args a;

        a.a_desc = &vnop_create_desc;
        a.a_dvp = dvp;
        a.a_vpp = vpp;
        a.a_cnp = cnp;
        a.a_vap = vap;
        a.a_context = ctx;

        _err = (*dvp->v_op[vnop_create_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        if (_err == 0 && *vpp) {
                DTRACE_FSINFO(create, vnode_t, *vpp);
        }

#if CONFIG_APPLEDOUBLE
        if (_err == 0 && !NATIVE_XATTR(dvp)) {
                /* 
                 * Remove stale Apple Double file (if any).
                 */
                xattrfile_remove(dvp, cnp->cn_nameptr, ctx, 0);
        }
#endif /* CONFIG_APPLEDOUBLE */

        post_event_if_success(dvp, _err, NOTE_WRITE);

        return (_err);
}

#if 0
/*
 *#
 *#% whiteout     dvp     L L L
 *#% whiteout     cnp     - - -
 *#% whiteout     flag    - - -
 *#
 */
struct vnop_whiteout_args {
        struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
        vnode_t a_dvp;
        struct componentname *a_cnp;
        int a_flags;
        vfs_context_t a_context;
};
#endif /* 0*/
errno_t 
VNOP_WHITEOUT(__unused vnode_t dvp, __unused struct componentname *cnp,
        __unused int flags, __unused vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        return (ENOTSUP);       // XXX OBSOLETE
}

#if 0
/*
 *#
 *#% mknod        dvp     L U U
 *#% mknod        vpp     - X -
 *#
 */
struct vnop_mknod_args {
       struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
       vnode_t a_dvp;
       vnode_t *a_vpp;
       struct componentname *a_cnp;
       struct vnode_attr *a_vap;
       vfs_context_t a_context;
};
#endif /* 0*/
errno_t
VNOP_MKNOD(vnode_t dvp, vnode_t * vpp, struct componentname * cnp, struct vnode_attr * vap, vfs_context_t ctx)
{

       int _err;
       struct vnop_mknod_args a;

       a.a_desc = &vnop_mknod_desc;
       a.a_dvp = dvp;
       a.a_vpp = vpp;
       a.a_cnp = cnp;
       a.a_vap = vap;
       a.a_context = ctx;

       _err = (*dvp->v_op[vnop_mknod_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
       if (_err == 0 && *vpp) {
                DTRACE_FSINFO(mknod, vnode_t, *vpp);
       }

       post_event_if_success(dvp, _err, NOTE_WRITE);

       return (_err);
}

#if 0
/*
 *#
 *#% open         vp      L L L
 *#
 */
struct vnop_open_args {
        struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
        vnode_t a_vp;
        int a_mode;
        vfs_context_t a_context;
};
#endif /* 0*/
errno_t 
VNOP_OPEN(vnode_t vp, int mode, vfs_context_t ctx) 
{
        int _err;
        struct vnop_open_args a;

        if (ctx == NULL) {
                ctx = vfs_context_current();
        }    
        a.a_desc = &vnop_open_desc;
        a.a_vp = vp;
        a.a_mode = mode;
        a.a_context = ctx; 

        _err = (*vp->v_op[vnop_open_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        DTRACE_FSINFO(open, vnode_t, vp);

        return (_err);
}

#if 0
/*
 *#
 *#% close        vp      U U U
 *#
 */
struct vnop_close_args {
        struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
        vnode_t a_vp;
        int a_fflag;
        vfs_context_t a_context;
};
#endif /* 0*/
errno_t 
VNOP_CLOSE(vnode_t vp, int fflag, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int _err;
        struct vnop_close_args a;

        if (ctx == NULL) {
                ctx = vfs_context_current();
        }
        a.a_desc = &vnop_close_desc;
        a.a_vp = vp;
        a.a_fflag = fflag;
        a.a_context = ctx;

        _err = (*vp->v_op[vnop_close_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        DTRACE_FSINFO(close, vnode_t, vp);

        return (_err);
}

#if 0
/*
 *#
 *#% access       vp      L L L
 *#
 */
struct vnop_access_args {
        struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
        vnode_t a_vp;
        int a_action;
        vfs_context_t a_context;
};
#endif /* 0*/
errno_t 
VNOP_ACCESS(vnode_t vp, int action, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int _err;
        struct vnop_access_args a;

        if (ctx == NULL) {
                ctx = vfs_context_current();
        }
        a.a_desc = &vnop_access_desc;
        a.a_vp = vp;
        a.a_action = action;
        a.a_context = ctx;

        _err = (*vp->v_op[vnop_access_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        DTRACE_FSINFO(access, vnode_t, vp);

        return (_err);
}

#if 0
/*
 *#
 *#% getattr      vp      = = =
 *#
 */
struct vnop_getattr_args {
        struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
        vnode_t a_vp;
        struct vnode_attr *a_vap;
        vfs_context_t a_context;
};
#endif /* 0*/
errno_t 
VNOP_GETATTR(vnode_t vp, struct vnode_attr * vap, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int _err;
        struct vnop_getattr_args a;

        a.a_desc = &vnop_getattr_desc;
        a.a_vp = vp;
        a.a_vap = vap;
        a.a_context = ctx;

        _err = (*vp->v_op[vnop_getattr_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        DTRACE_FSINFO(getattr, vnode_t, vp);

        return (_err);
}

#if 0
/*
 *#
 *#% setattr      vp      L L L
 *#
 */
struct vnop_setattr_args {
        struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
        vnode_t a_vp;
        struct vnode_attr *a_vap;
        vfs_context_t a_context;
};
#endif /* 0*/
errno_t 
VNOP_SETATTR(vnode_t vp, struct vnode_attr * vap, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int _err;
        struct vnop_setattr_args a;

        a.a_desc = &vnop_setattr_desc;
        a.a_vp = vp;
        a.a_vap = vap;
        a.a_context = ctx;

        _err = (*vp->v_op[vnop_setattr_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        DTRACE_FSINFO(setattr, vnode_t, vp);

#if CONFIG_APPLEDOUBLE
        /* 
         * Shadow uid/gid/mod change to extended attribute file.
         */
        if (_err == 0 && !NATIVE_XATTR(vp)) {
                struct vnode_attr va;
                int change = 0;

                VATTR_INIT(&va);
                if (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_uid)) {
                        VATTR_SET(&va, va_uid, vap->va_uid);
                        change = 1;
                }
                if (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_gid)) {
                        VATTR_SET(&va, va_gid, vap->va_gid);
                        change = 1;
                }
                if (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_mode)) {
                        VATTR_SET(&va, va_mode, vap->va_mode);
                        change = 1;
                }
                if (change) {
                        vnode_t dvp;
                        const char   *vname;

                        dvp = vnode_getparent(vp);
                        vname = vnode_getname(vp);

                        xattrfile_setattr(dvp, vname, &va, ctx);
                        if (dvp != NULLVP)
                                vnode_put(dvp);
                        if (vname != NULL)
                                vnode_putname(vname);
                }
        }
#endif /* CONFIG_APPLEDOUBLE */

        /*
         * If we have changed any of the things about the file that are likely
         * to result in changes to authorization results, blow the vnode auth
         * cache
         */
        if (_err == 0 && (
                          VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(vap, va_mode) ||
                          VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(vap, va_uid) ||
                          VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(vap, va_gid) ||
                          VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(vap, va_flags) ||
                          VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(vap, va_acl) ||
                          VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(vap, va_uuuid) ||
                          VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(vap, va_guuid))) {
                vnode_uncache_authorized_action(vp, KAUTH_INVALIDATE_CACHED_RIGHTS);

#if NAMEDSTREAMS
                if (vfs_authopaque(vp->v_mount) && vnode_hasnamedstreams(vp)) {
                        vnode_t svp;
                        if (vnode_getnamedstream(vp, &svp, XATTR_RESOURCEFORK_NAME, NS_OPEN, 0, ctx) == 0) {
                                vnode_uncache_authorized_action(svp, KAUTH_INVALIDATE_CACHED_RIGHTS);
                                vnode_put(svp);
                        } 
                } 
#endif /* NAMEDSTREAMS */
        }


        post_event_if_success(vp, _err, NOTE_ATTRIB);

        return (_err);
}


#if 0
/*
 *#
 *#% read         vp      L L L
 *#
 */
struct vnop_read_args {
        struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
        vnode_t a_vp;
        struct uio *a_uio;
        int a_ioflag;
        vfs_context_t a_context;
};
#endif /* 0*/
errno_t 
VNOP_READ(vnode_t vp, struct uio * uio, int ioflag, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int _err;
        struct vnop_read_args a;
#if CONFIG_DTRACE
        user_ssize_t resid = uio_resid(uio);
#endif

        if (ctx == NULL) {
                return EINVAL;
        }

        a.a_desc = &vnop_read_desc;
        a.a_vp = vp;
        a.a_uio = uio;
        a.a_ioflag = ioflag;
        a.a_context = ctx;

        _err = (*vp->v_op[vnop_read_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        DTRACE_FSINFO_IO(read,
            vnode_t, vp, user_ssize_t, (resid - uio_resid(uio)));

        return (_err);
}


#if 0
/*
 *#
 *#% write        vp      L L L
 *#
 */
struct vnop_write_args {
        struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
        vnode_t a_vp;
        struct uio *a_uio;
        int a_ioflag;
        vfs_context_t a_context;
};
#endif /* 0*/
errno_t 
VNOP_WRITE(vnode_t vp, struct uio * uio, int ioflag, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        struct vnop_write_args a;
        int _err;
#if CONFIG_DTRACE
        user_ssize_t resid = uio_resid(uio);
#endif

        if (ctx == NULL) {
                return EINVAL;
        }

        a.a_desc = &vnop_write_desc;
        a.a_vp = vp;
        a.a_uio = uio;
        a.a_ioflag = ioflag;
        a.a_context = ctx;

        _err = (*vp->v_op[vnop_write_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        DTRACE_FSINFO_IO(write,
            vnode_t, vp, user_ssize_t, (resid - uio_resid(uio)));

        post_event_if_success(vp, _err, NOTE_WRITE);

        return (_err);
}


#if 0
/*
 *#
 *#% ioctl        vp      U U U
 *#
 */
struct vnop_ioctl_args {
        struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
        vnode_t a_vp;
        u_long a_command;
        caddr_t a_data;
        int a_fflag;
        vfs_context_t a_context;
};
#endif /* 0*/
errno_t 
VNOP_IOCTL(vnode_t vp, u_long command, caddr_t data, int fflag, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int _err;
        struct vnop_ioctl_args a;

        if (ctx == NULL) {
                ctx = vfs_context_current();
        }

        /*
         * This check should probably have been put in the TTY code instead...
         *
         * We have to be careful about what we assume during startup and shutdown.
         * We have to be able to use the root filesystem's device vnode even when
         * devfs isn't mounted (yet/anymore), so we can't go looking at its mount
         * structure.  If there is no data pointer, it doesn't matter whether
         * the device is 64-bit ready.  Any command (like DKIOCSYNCHRONIZE)
         * which passes NULL for its data pointer can therefore be used during
         * mount or unmount of the root filesystem.
         *
         * Depending on what root filesystems need to do during mount/unmount, we
         * may need to loosen this check again in the future.
         */
        if (vfs_context_is64bit(ctx) && !(vnode_ischr(vp) || vnode_isblk(vp))) {
                if (data != NULL && !vnode_vfs64bitready(vp)) {
                        return(ENOTTY);
                }
        }

        a.a_desc = &vnop_ioctl_desc;
        a.a_vp = vp;
        a.a_command = command;
        a.a_data = data;
        a.a_fflag = fflag;
        a.a_context= ctx;

        _err = (*vp->v_op[vnop_ioctl_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        DTRACE_FSINFO(ioctl, vnode_t, vp);

        return (_err);
}


#if 0
/*
 *#
 *#% select       vp      U U U
 *#
 */
struct vnop_select_args {
        struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
        vnode_t a_vp;
        int a_which;
        int a_fflags;
        void *a_wql;
        vfs_context_t a_context;
};
#endif /* 0*/
errno_t 
VNOP_SELECT(vnode_t vp, int which , int fflags, void * wql, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int _err;
        struct vnop_select_args a;

        if (ctx == NULL) {
                ctx = vfs_context_current();
        }
        a.a_desc = &vnop_select_desc;
        a.a_vp = vp;
        a.a_which = which;
        a.a_fflags = fflags;
        a.a_context = ctx;
        a.a_wql = wql;

        _err = (*vp->v_op[vnop_select_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        DTRACE_FSINFO(select, vnode_t, vp);

        return (_err);
}


#if 0
/*
 *#
 *#% exchange fvp         L L L
 *#% exchange tvp         L L L
 *#
 */
struct vnop_exchange_args {
        struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
        vnode_t a_fvp;
        vnode_t a_tvp;
        int a_options;
        vfs_context_t a_context;
};
#endif /* 0*/
errno_t 
VNOP_EXCHANGE(vnode_t fvp, vnode_t tvp, int options, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int _err;
        struct vnop_exchange_args a;

        a.a_desc = &vnop_exchange_desc;
        a.a_fvp = fvp;
        a.a_tvp = tvp;
        a.a_options = options;
        a.a_context = ctx;

        _err = (*fvp->v_op[vnop_exchange_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        DTRACE_FSINFO(exchange, vnode_t, fvp);

        /* Don't post NOTE_WRITE because file descriptors follow the data ... */
        post_event_if_success(fvp, _err, NOTE_ATTRIB);
        post_event_if_success(tvp, _err, NOTE_ATTRIB);

        return (_err);
}


#if 0
/*
 *#
 *#% revoke       vp      U U U
 *#
 */
struct vnop_revoke_args {
        struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
        vnode_t a_vp;
        int a_flags;
        vfs_context_t a_context;
};
#endif /* 0*/
errno_t 
VNOP_REVOKE(vnode_t vp, int flags, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        struct vnop_revoke_args a;
        int _err;

        a.a_desc = &vnop_revoke_desc;
        a.a_vp = vp;
        a.a_flags = flags;
        a.a_context = ctx;

        _err = (*vp->v_op[vnop_revoke_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        DTRACE_FSINFO(revoke, vnode_t, vp);

        return (_err);
}


#if 0
/*
 *#
 *# mmap - vp U U U
 *#
 */
struct vnop_mmap_args {
        struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
        vnode_t a_vp;
        int a_fflags;
        vfs_context_t a_context;
};
#endif /* 0*/
errno_t 
VNOP_MMAP(vnode_t vp, int fflags, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int _err;
        struct vnop_mmap_args a;

        a.a_desc = &vnop_mmap_desc;
        a.a_vp = vp;
        a.a_fflags = fflags;
        a.a_context = ctx;

        _err = (*vp->v_op[vnop_mmap_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        DTRACE_FSINFO(mmap, vnode_t, vp);

        return (_err);
}


#if 0
/*
 *#
 *# mnomap - vp U U U
 *#
 */
struct vnop_mnomap_args {
        struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
        vnode_t a_vp;
        vfs_context_t a_context;
};
#endif /* 0*/
errno_t 
VNOP_MNOMAP(vnode_t vp, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int _err;
        struct vnop_mnomap_args a;

        a.a_desc = &vnop_mnomap_desc;
        a.a_vp = vp;
        a.a_context = ctx;

        _err = (*vp->v_op[vnop_mnomap_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        DTRACE_FSINFO(mnomap, vnode_t, vp);

        return (_err);
}


#if 0
/*
 *#
 *#% fsync        vp      L L L
 *#
 */
struct vnop_fsync_args {
        struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
        vnode_t a_vp;
        int a_waitfor;
        vfs_context_t a_context;
};
#endif /* 0*/
errno_t 
VNOP_FSYNC(vnode_t vp, int waitfor, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        struct vnop_fsync_args a;
        int _err;

        a.a_desc = &vnop_fsync_desc;
        a.a_vp = vp;
        a.a_waitfor = waitfor;
        a.a_context = ctx;

        _err = (*vp->v_op[vnop_fsync_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        DTRACE_FSINFO(fsync, vnode_t, vp);

        return (_err);
}


#if 0
/*
 *#
 *#% remove       dvp     L U U
 *#% remove       vp      L U U
 *#
 */
struct vnop_remove_args {
        struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
        vnode_t a_dvp;
        vnode_t a_vp;
        struct componentname *a_cnp;
        int a_flags;
        vfs_context_t a_context;
};
#endif /* 0*/
errno_t 
VNOP_REMOVE(vnode_t dvp, vnode_t vp, struct componentname * cnp, int flags, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int _err;
        struct vnop_remove_args a;

        a.a_desc = &vnop_remove_desc;
        a.a_dvp = dvp;
        a.a_vp = vp;
        a.a_cnp = cnp;
        a.a_flags = flags;
        a.a_context = ctx;

        _err = (*dvp->v_op[vnop_remove_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        DTRACE_FSINFO(remove, vnode_t, vp);

        if (_err == 0) {
                vnode_setneedinactive(vp);
#if CONFIG_APPLEDOUBLE
                if ( !(NATIVE_XATTR(dvp)) ) {
                        /* 
                         * Remove any associated extended attribute file (._ AppleDouble file).
                         */
                        xattrfile_remove(dvp, cnp->cn_nameptr, ctx, 1);
                }
#endif /* CONFIG_APPLEDOUBLE */
        }

        post_event_if_success(vp, _err, NOTE_DELETE | NOTE_LINK);
        post_event_if_success(dvp, _err, NOTE_WRITE);
        
        return (_err);
}

int
VNOP_COMPOUND_REMOVE(vnode_t dvp, vnode_t *vpp, struct nameidata *ndp, int32_t flags, struct vnode_attr *vap, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int _err;
        struct vnop_compound_remove_args a;
        int no_vp = (*vpp == NULLVP);

        a.a_desc = &vnop_compound_remove_desc;
        a.a_dvp = dvp;
        a.a_vpp = vpp;
        a.a_cnp = &ndp->ni_cnd;
        a.a_flags = flags;
        a.a_vap = vap;
        a.a_context = ctx;
        a.a_remove_authorizer = vn_authorize_unlink;

        _err = (*dvp->v_op[vnop_compound_remove_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        if (_err == 0 && *vpp) {
                DTRACE_FSINFO(compound_remove, vnode_t, *vpp);
        } else {
                DTRACE_FSINFO(compound_remove, vnode_t, dvp);
        }
        if (_err == 0) {
                vnode_setneedinactive(*vpp);
#if CONFIG_APPLEDOUBLE
                if ( !(NATIVE_XATTR(dvp)) ) {
                        /* 
                         * Remove any associated extended attribute file (._ AppleDouble file).
                         */
                        xattrfile_remove(dvp, ndp->ni_cnd.cn_nameptr, ctx, 1);
                }
#endif /* CONFIG_APPLEDOUBLE */
        }

        post_event_if_success(*vpp, _err, NOTE_DELETE | NOTE_LINK);
        post_event_if_success(dvp, _err, NOTE_WRITE);

        if (no_vp) {
                lookup_compound_vnop_post_hook(_err, dvp, *vpp, ndp, 0);
                if (*vpp && _err && _err != EKEEPLOOKING) {
                        vnode_put(*vpp);
                        *vpp = NULLVP;
                }
        }

        //printf("VNOP_COMPOUND_REMOVE() returning %d\n", _err);

        return (_err);
}

#if 0
/*
 *#
 *#% link         vp      U U U
 *#% link         tdvp    L U U
 *#
 */
struct vnop_link_args {
        struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
        vnode_t a_vp;
        vnode_t a_tdvp;
        struct componentname *a_cnp;
        vfs_context_t a_context;
};
#endif /* 0*/
errno_t 
VNOP_LINK(vnode_t vp, vnode_t tdvp, struct componentname * cnp, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int _err;
        struct vnop_link_args a;

#if CONFIG_APPLEDOUBLE
        /*
         * For file systems with non-native extended attributes,
         * disallow linking to an existing "._" Apple Double file.
         */
        if ( !NATIVE_XATTR(tdvp) && (vp->v_type == VREG)) {
                const char   *vname;

                vname = vnode_getname(vp);
                if (vname != NULL) {
                        _err = 0;
                        if (vname[0] == '.' && vname[1] == '_' && vname[2] != '\0') {
                                _err = EPERM;
                        }
                        vnode_putname(vname);
                        if (_err)
                                return (_err);
                }
        }
#endif /* CONFIG_APPLEDOUBLE */

        a.a_desc = &vnop_link_desc;
        a.a_vp = vp;
        a.a_tdvp = tdvp;
        a.a_cnp = cnp;
        a.a_context = ctx;

        _err = (*tdvp->v_op[vnop_link_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        DTRACE_FSINFO(link, vnode_t, vp);

        post_event_if_success(vp, _err, NOTE_LINK);
        post_event_if_success(tdvp, _err, NOTE_WRITE);

        return (_err);
}

errno_t
vn_rename(struct vnode *fdvp, struct vnode **fvpp, struct componentname *fcnp, struct vnode_attr *fvap,
            struct vnode *tdvp, struct vnode **tvpp, struct componentname *tcnp, struct vnode_attr *tvap,
            vfs_rename_flags_t flags, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int _err;
        struct nameidata *fromnd = NULL;
        struct nameidata *tond = NULL;
#if CONFIG_APPLEDOUBLE
        vnode_t src_attr_vp = NULLVP;
        vnode_t dst_attr_vp = NULLVP;
        char smallname1[48];
        char smallname2[48];
        char *xfromname = NULL;
        char *xtoname = NULL;
#endif /* CONFIG_APPLEDOUBLE */
        int batched;
        uint32_t tdfflags;      // Target directory file flags

        batched = vnode_compound_rename_available(fdvp);

        if (!batched) {
                if (*fvpp == NULLVP) 
                        panic("Not batched, and no fvp?");
        }

#if CONFIG_APPLEDOUBLE
        /* 
         * We need to preflight any potential AppleDouble file for the source file
         * before doing the rename operation, since we could potentially be doing
         * this operation on a network filesystem, and would end up duplicating
         * the work.  Also, save the source and destination names.  Skip it if the
         * source has a "._" prefix.
         */
        
        if (!NATIVE_XATTR(fdvp) &&
            !(fcnp->cn_nameptr[0] == '.' && fcnp->cn_nameptr[1] == '_')) {
                size_t len;
                int error;

                /* Get source attribute file name. */
                len = fcnp->cn_namelen + 3;
                if (len > sizeof(smallname1)) {
                        MALLOC(xfromname, char *, len, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
                } else {
                        xfromname = &smallname1[0];
                }
                strlcpy(xfromname, "._", min(sizeof smallname1, len));
                strncat(xfromname, fcnp->cn_nameptr, fcnp->cn_namelen);
                xfromname[len-1] = '\0';

                /* Get destination attribute file name. */
                len = tcnp->cn_namelen + 3;
                if (len > sizeof(smallname2)) {
                        MALLOC(xtoname, char *, len, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
                } else {
                        xtoname = &smallname2[0];
                }
                strlcpy(xtoname, "._", min(sizeof smallname2, len));
                strncat(xtoname, tcnp->cn_nameptr, tcnp->cn_namelen);
                xtoname[len-1] = '\0';
        
                /* 
                 * Look up source attribute file, keep reference on it if exists.
                 * Note that we do the namei with the nameiop of RENAME, which is different than
                 * in the rename syscall. It's OK if the source file does not exist, since this
                 * is only for AppleDouble files.
                 */
                MALLOC(fromnd, struct nameidata *, sizeof (struct nameidata), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
                NDINIT(fromnd, RENAME, OP_RENAME, NOFOLLOW | USEDVP | CN_NBMOUNTLOOK,
                                UIO_SYSSPACE, CAST_USER_ADDR_T(xfromname), ctx);
                fromnd->ni_dvp = fdvp;
                error = namei(fromnd);

                /*
                 * If there was an error looking up source attribute file,
                 * we'll behave as if it didn't exist.
                 */

                if (error == 0) {
                        if (fromnd->ni_vp) {
                                /* src_attr_vp indicates need to call vnode_put / nameidone later */
                                src_attr_vp = fromnd->ni_vp;

                                if (fromnd->ni_vp->v_type != VREG) {
                                        src_attr_vp = NULLVP;
                                        vnode_put(fromnd->ni_vp);
                                }
                        }
                        /*
                         * Either we got an invalid vnode type (not a regular file) or the namei lookup
                         * suppressed ENOENT as a valid error since we're renaming. Either way, we don't
                         * have a vnode here, so we drop our namei buffer for the source attribute file
                         */
                        if (src_attr_vp == NULLVP) {
                                nameidone(fromnd);
                        }
                }
        }
#endif /* CONFIG_APPLEDOUBLE */

        if (batched) {
                _err = VNOP_COMPOUND_RENAME(fdvp, fvpp, fcnp, fvap, tdvp, tvpp, tcnp, tvap, flags, ctx);
                if (_err != 0) {
                        printf("VNOP_COMPOUND_RENAME() returned %d\n", _err);
                }
        } else {
                if (flags) {
                        _err = VNOP_RENAMEX(fdvp, *fvpp, fcnp, tdvp, *tvpp, tcnp, flags, ctx);
                        if (_err == ENOTSUP && flags == VFS_RENAME_SECLUDE) {
                                // Legacy...
                                if ((*fvpp)->v_mount->mnt_vtable->vfc_vfsflags & VFC_VFSVNOP_SECLUDE_RENAME) {
                                        fcnp->cn_flags |= CN_SECLUDE_RENAME;
                                        _err = VNOP_RENAME(fdvp, *fvpp, fcnp, tdvp, *tvpp, tcnp, ctx);
                                }
                        }
                } else
                        _err = VNOP_RENAME(fdvp, *fvpp, fcnp, tdvp, *tvpp, tcnp, ctx);
        }

        /*
         * If moved to a new directory that is restricted,
         * set the restricted flag on the item moved.
         */
        if (_err == 0) {
                _err = vnode_flags(tdvp, &tdfflags, ctx);
                if (_err == 0) {
                        uint32_t inherit_flags = tdfflags & (UF_DATAVAULT | SF_RESTRICTED);
                        if (inherit_flags) {
                                uint32_t fflags;
                                _err = vnode_flags(*fvpp, &fflags, ctx);
                                if (_err == 0 && fflags != (fflags | inherit_flags)) {
                                        struct vnode_attr va;
                                        VATTR_INIT(&va);
                                        VATTR_SET(&va, va_flags, fflags | inherit_flags);
                                        _err = vnode_setattr(*fvpp, &va, ctx);
                                }
                        }
                }
        }

#if CONFIG_MACF
        if (_err == 0) {
                mac_vnode_notify_rename(ctx, *fvpp, tdvp, tcnp);
        }
#endif

#if CONFIG_APPLEDOUBLE
        /* 
         * Rename any associated extended attribute file (._ AppleDouble file).
         */
        if (_err == 0 && !NATIVE_XATTR(fdvp) && xfromname != NULL) {
                int error = 0;
        
                /*
                 * Get destination attribute file vnode.
                 * Note that tdvp already has an iocount reference. Make sure to check that we
                 * get a valid vnode from namei.
                 */
                MALLOC(tond, struct nameidata *, sizeof(struct nameidata), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
                NDINIT(tond, RENAME, OP_RENAME,
                       NOCACHE | NOFOLLOW | USEDVP | CN_NBMOUNTLOOK, UIO_SYSSPACE,
                       CAST_USER_ADDR_T(xtoname), ctx);
                tond->ni_dvp = tdvp;
                error = namei(tond);

                if (error) 
                        goto ad_error;
                
                if (tond->ni_vp) {
                        dst_attr_vp = tond->ni_vp;
                }
                
                if (src_attr_vp) {
                        const char *old_name = src_attr_vp->v_name;
                        vnode_t old_parent = src_attr_vp->v_parent;
        
                        if (batched) {
                                error = VNOP_COMPOUND_RENAME(fdvp, &src_attr_vp, &fromnd->ni_cnd, NULL,
                                                tdvp, &dst_attr_vp, &tond->ni_cnd, NULL,
                                                0, ctx);
                        } else {
                                error = VNOP_RENAME(fdvp, src_attr_vp, &fromnd->ni_cnd, 
                                                tdvp, dst_attr_vp, &tond->ni_cnd, ctx);
                        }

                        if (error == 0 && old_name == src_attr_vp->v_name &&
                                        old_parent == src_attr_vp->v_parent) {
                                int update_flags = VNODE_UPDATE_NAME;
                                
                                if (fdvp != tdvp)
                                        update_flags |= VNODE_UPDATE_PARENT;
                                
                                if ((src_attr_vp->v_mount->mnt_vtable->vfc_vfsflags & VFC_VFSVNOP_NOUPDATEID_RENAME) == 0) {
                                        vnode_update_identity(src_attr_vp, tdvp,
                                                tond->ni_cnd.cn_nameptr,
                                                tond->ni_cnd.cn_namelen,
                                                tond->ni_cnd.cn_hash,
                                                update_flags);
                                }
                        }
                        
                        /* kevent notifications for moving resource files 
                         * _err is zero if we're here, so no need to notify directories, code
                         * below will do that.  only need to post the rename on the source and
                         * possibly a delete on the dest
                         */
                        post_event_if_success(src_attr_vp, error, NOTE_RENAME);
                        if (dst_attr_vp) {
                                post_event_if_success(dst_attr_vp, error, NOTE_DELETE); 
                        }

                } else if (dst_attr_vp) {
                        /*
                         * Just delete destination attribute file vnode if it exists, since
                         * we didn't have a source attribute file.
                         * Note that tdvp already has an iocount reference.
                         */

                        struct vnop_remove_args args;
                        
                        args.a_desc    = &vnop_remove_desc;
                        args.a_dvp     = tdvp;
                        args.a_vp      = dst_attr_vp;
                        args.a_cnp     = &tond->ni_cnd;
                        args.a_context = ctx;

                        if (error == 0) {
                                error = (*tdvp->v_op[vnop_remove_desc.vdesc_offset])(&args);

                                if (error == 0)
                                        vnode_setneedinactive(dst_attr_vp);
                        }
                        
                        /* kevent notification for deleting the destination's attribute file
                         * if it existed.  Only need to post the delete on the destination, since
                         * the code below will handle the directories. 
                         */
                        post_event_if_success(dst_attr_vp, error, NOTE_DELETE); 
                }
        }
ad_error:
        if (src_attr_vp) {
                vnode_put(src_attr_vp);
                nameidone(fromnd);
        }
        if (dst_attr_vp) {
                vnode_put(dst_attr_vp);
                nameidone(tond);
        }
        if (xfromname && xfromname != &smallname1[0]) {
                FREE(xfromname, M_TEMP);
        }
        if (xtoname && xtoname != &smallname2[0]) {
                FREE(xtoname, M_TEMP);
        }
#endif /* CONFIG_APPLEDOUBLE */
        if (fromnd) {
                FREE(fromnd, M_TEMP);
        }
        if (tond) {
                FREE(tond, M_TEMP);
        }
        return _err;
}


#if 0
/*
 *#
 *#% rename       fdvp    U U U
 *#% rename       fvp     U U U
 *#% rename       tdvp    L U U
 *#% rename       tvp     X U U
 *#
 */
struct vnop_rename_args {
        struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
        vnode_t a_fdvp;
        vnode_t a_fvp;
        struct componentname *a_fcnp;
        vnode_t a_tdvp;
        vnode_t a_tvp;
        struct componentname *a_tcnp;
        vfs_context_t a_context;
};
#endif /* 0*/
errno_t
VNOP_RENAME(struct vnode *fdvp, struct vnode *fvp, struct componentname *fcnp,
            struct vnode *tdvp, struct vnode *tvp, struct componentname *tcnp,
            vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int _err = 0;
        struct vnop_rename_args a;

        a.a_desc = &vnop_rename_desc;
        a.a_fdvp = fdvp;
        a.a_fvp = fvp;
        a.a_fcnp = fcnp;
        a.a_tdvp = tdvp;
        a.a_tvp = tvp;
        a.a_tcnp = tcnp;
        a.a_context = ctx;

        /* do the rename of the main file. */
        _err = (*fdvp->v_op[vnop_rename_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        DTRACE_FSINFO(rename, vnode_t, fdvp);

        if (_err)
                return _err;

        return post_rename(fdvp, fvp, tdvp, tvp);
}

static errno_t
post_rename(vnode_t fdvp, vnode_t fvp, vnode_t tdvp, vnode_t tvp)
{
        if (tvp && tvp != fvp)
                vnode_setneedinactive(tvp);

        /* Wrote at least one directory.  If transplanted a dir, also changed link counts */
        int events = NOTE_WRITE;
        if (vnode_isdir(fvp)) {
                /* Link count on dir changed only if we are moving a dir and...
                 *      --Moved to new dir, not overwriting there
                 *      --Kept in same dir and DID overwrite
                 */
                if (((fdvp != tdvp) && (!tvp)) || ((fdvp == tdvp) && (tvp))) {
                        events |= NOTE_LINK;
                }
        }

        lock_vnode_and_post(fdvp, events);
        if (fdvp != tdvp) {
                lock_vnode_and_post(tdvp,  events);
        }

        /* If you're replacing the target, post a deletion for it */
        if (tvp)
        {
                lock_vnode_and_post(tvp, NOTE_DELETE);
        }

        lock_vnode_and_post(fvp, NOTE_RENAME);

        return 0;
}

#if 0
/*
 *#
 *#% renamex      fdvp    U U U
 *#% renamex      fvp     U U U
 *#% renamex      tdvp    L U U
 *#% renamex      tvp     X U U
 *#
 */
struct vnop_renamex_args {
        struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
        vnode_t a_fdvp;
        vnode_t a_fvp;
        struct componentname *a_fcnp;
        vnode_t a_tdvp;
        vnode_t a_tvp;
        struct componentname *a_tcnp;
        vfs_rename_flags_t a_flags;
        vfs_context_t a_context;
};
#endif /* 0*/
errno_t
VNOP_RENAMEX(struct vnode *fdvp, struct vnode *fvp, struct componentname *fcnp,
                         struct vnode *tdvp, struct vnode *tvp, struct componentname *tcnp,
                         vfs_rename_flags_t flags, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int _err = 0;
        struct vnop_renamex_args a;

        a.a_desc = &vnop_renamex_desc;
        a.a_fdvp = fdvp;
        a.a_fvp = fvp;
        a.a_fcnp = fcnp;
        a.a_tdvp = tdvp;
        a.a_tvp = tvp;
        a.a_tcnp = tcnp;
        a.a_flags = flags;
        a.a_context = ctx;

        /* do the rename of the main file. */
        _err = (*fdvp->v_op[vnop_renamex_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        DTRACE_FSINFO(renamex, vnode_t, fdvp);

        if (_err)
                return _err;

        return post_rename(fdvp, fvp, tdvp, tvp);
}


int
VNOP_COMPOUND_RENAME( 
                struct vnode *fdvp,  struct vnode **fvpp,  struct componentname *fcnp, struct vnode_attr *fvap,
                struct vnode *tdvp,  struct vnode **tvpp,  struct componentname *tcnp, struct vnode_attr *tvap,  
                uint32_t flags, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int _err = 0;
        int events;
        struct vnop_compound_rename_args a;
        int no_fvp, no_tvp;

        no_fvp = (*fvpp) == NULLVP;
        no_tvp = (*tvpp) == NULLVP;

        a.a_desc = &vnop_compound_rename_desc;
        
        a.a_fdvp = fdvp;
        a.a_fvpp = fvpp;
        a.a_fcnp = fcnp;
        a.a_fvap = fvap;

        a.a_tdvp = tdvp;
        a.a_tvpp = tvpp;
        a.a_tcnp = tcnp;
        a.a_tvap = tvap;
        
        a.a_flags = flags;
        a.a_context = ctx;
        a.a_rename_authorizer = vn_authorize_rename;
        a.a_reserved = NULL;

        /* do the rename of the main file. */
        _err = (*fdvp->v_op[vnop_compound_rename_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        DTRACE_FSINFO(compound_rename, vnode_t, fdvp);

        if (_err == 0) {
                if (*tvpp && *tvpp != *fvpp)
                        vnode_setneedinactive(*tvpp);
        }

        /* Wrote at least one directory.  If transplanted a dir, also changed link counts */
        if (_err == 0 && *fvpp != *tvpp) {
                if (!*fvpp) {
                        panic("No fvpp after compound rename?");
                }

                events = NOTE_WRITE;
                if (vnode_isdir(*fvpp)) {
                        /* Link count on dir changed only if we are moving a dir and...
                         *      --Moved to new dir, not overwriting there
                         *      --Kept in same dir and DID overwrite
                         */
                        if (((fdvp != tdvp) && (!*tvpp)) || ((fdvp == tdvp) && (*tvpp))) {
                                events |= NOTE_LINK;
                        }
                }

                lock_vnode_and_post(fdvp, events);
                if (fdvp != tdvp) {
                        lock_vnode_and_post(tdvp,  events);
                }

                /* If you're replacing the target, post a deletion for it */
                if (*tvpp)
                {
                        lock_vnode_and_post(*tvpp, NOTE_DELETE);
                }

                lock_vnode_and_post(*fvpp, NOTE_RENAME);
        }

        if (no_fvp) {
                lookup_compound_vnop_post_hook(_err, fdvp, *fvpp, fcnp->cn_ndp, 0); 
        }
        if (no_tvp && *tvpp != NULLVP) {
                lookup_compound_vnop_post_hook(_err, tdvp, *tvpp, tcnp->cn_ndp, 0);
        }

        if (_err && _err != EKEEPLOOKING) {
                if (*fvpp) {
                        vnode_put(*fvpp);
                        *fvpp = NULLVP;
                }
                if (*tvpp) {
                        vnode_put(*tvpp);
                        *tvpp = NULLVP;
                }
        }

        return (_err);
}

int
vn_mkdir(struct vnode *dvp, struct vnode **vpp, struct nameidata *ndp,
           struct vnode_attr *vap, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        if (ndp->ni_cnd.cn_nameiop != CREATE) {
                panic("Non-CREATE nameiop in vn_mkdir()?");
        }

        if (vnode_compound_mkdir_available(dvp)) {
                return VNOP_COMPOUND_MKDIR(dvp, vpp, ndp, vap, ctx);
        } else {
                return VNOP_MKDIR(dvp, vpp, &ndp->ni_cnd, vap, ctx);
        }
}

#if 0
/*
 *#
 *#% mkdir        dvp     L U U
 *#% mkdir        vpp     - L -
 *#
 */
struct vnop_mkdir_args {
       struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
       vnode_t a_dvp;
       vnode_t *a_vpp;
       struct componentname *a_cnp;
       struct vnode_attr *a_vap;
       vfs_context_t a_context;
};
#endif /* 0*/
errno_t
VNOP_MKDIR(struct vnode *dvp, struct vnode **vpp, struct componentname *cnp,
           struct vnode_attr *vap, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
       int _err;
       struct vnop_mkdir_args a;

       a.a_desc = &vnop_mkdir_desc;
       a.a_dvp = dvp;
       a.a_vpp = vpp;
       a.a_cnp = cnp;
       a.a_vap = vap;
       a.a_context = ctx;

       _err = (*dvp->v_op[vnop_mkdir_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        if (_err == 0 && *vpp) {
                DTRACE_FSINFO(mkdir, vnode_t, *vpp);
        }
#if CONFIG_APPLEDOUBLE
        if (_err == 0 && !NATIVE_XATTR(dvp)) {
                /* 
                 * Remove stale Apple Double file (if any).
                 */
                xattrfile_remove(dvp, cnp->cn_nameptr, ctx, 0);
        }
#endif /* CONFIG_APPLEDOUBLE */

       post_event_if_success(dvp, _err, NOTE_LINK | NOTE_WRITE);

       return (_err);
}

int
VNOP_COMPOUND_MKDIR(struct vnode *dvp, struct vnode **vpp, struct nameidata *ndp,
           struct vnode_attr *vap, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
       int _err;
       struct vnop_compound_mkdir_args a;

       a.a_desc = &vnop_compound_mkdir_desc;
       a.a_dvp = dvp;
       a.a_vpp = vpp;
       a.a_cnp = &ndp->ni_cnd;
       a.a_vap = vap;
       a.a_flags = 0;
       a.a_context = ctx;
#if 0
       a.a_mkdir_authorizer = vn_authorize_mkdir;
#endif /* 0 */
       a.a_reserved = NULL;

       _err = (*dvp->v_op[vnop_compound_mkdir_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        if (_err == 0 && *vpp) {
                DTRACE_FSINFO(compound_mkdir, vnode_t, *vpp);
        }
#if CONFIG_APPLEDOUBLE
        if (_err == 0 && !NATIVE_XATTR(dvp)) {
                /* 
                 * Remove stale Apple Double file (if any).
                 */
                xattrfile_remove(dvp, ndp->ni_cnd.cn_nameptr, ctx, 0);
        }
#endif /* CONFIG_APPLEDOUBLE */

        post_event_if_success(dvp, _err, NOTE_LINK | NOTE_WRITE);

        lookup_compound_vnop_post_hook(_err, dvp, *vpp, ndp, (_err == 0));
        if (*vpp && _err && _err != EKEEPLOOKING) {
                vnode_put(*vpp);
                *vpp = NULLVP;
        }

        return (_err);
}

int
vn_rmdir(vnode_t dvp, vnode_t *vpp, struct nameidata *ndp, struct vnode_attr *vap, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        if (vnode_compound_rmdir_available(dvp)) {
                return VNOP_COMPOUND_RMDIR(dvp, vpp, ndp, vap, ctx);
        } else {
                if (*vpp == NULLVP) {
                        panic("NULL vp, but not a compound VNOP?");
                }
                if (vap != NULL) {
                        panic("Non-NULL vap, but not a compound VNOP?");
                }
                return VNOP_RMDIR(dvp, *vpp, &ndp->ni_cnd, ctx);
        }
}

#if 0
/*
 *#
 *#% rmdir        dvp     L U U
 *#% rmdir        vp      L U U
 *#
 */
struct vnop_rmdir_args {
        struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
        vnode_t a_dvp;
        vnode_t a_vp;
        struct componentname *a_cnp;
        vfs_context_t a_context;
};

#endif /* 0*/
errno_t
VNOP_RMDIR(struct vnode *dvp, struct vnode *vp, struct componentname *cnp, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int _err;
        struct vnop_rmdir_args a;

        a.a_desc = &vnop_rmdir_desc;
        a.a_dvp = dvp;
        a.a_vp = vp;
        a.a_cnp = cnp;
        a.a_context = ctx;

        _err = (*vp->v_op[vnop_rmdir_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        DTRACE_FSINFO(rmdir, vnode_t, vp);

        if (_err == 0) {
                vnode_setneedinactive(vp);
#if CONFIG_APPLEDOUBLE
                if ( !(NATIVE_XATTR(dvp)) ) {
                        /* 
                         * Remove any associated extended attribute file (._ AppleDouble file).
                         */
                        xattrfile_remove(dvp, cnp->cn_nameptr, ctx, 1);
                }
#endif
        }

        /* If you delete a dir, it loses its "." reference --> NOTE_LINK */
        post_event_if_success(vp, _err, NOTE_DELETE | NOTE_LINK);
        post_event_if_success(dvp, _err, NOTE_LINK | NOTE_WRITE);

        return (_err);
}

int
VNOP_COMPOUND_RMDIR(struct vnode *dvp, struct vnode **vpp, struct nameidata *ndp,
           struct vnode_attr *vap, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
       int _err;
       struct vnop_compound_rmdir_args a;
       int no_vp;

       a.a_desc = &vnop_mkdir_desc;
       a.a_dvp = dvp;
       a.a_vpp = vpp;
       a.a_cnp = &ndp->ni_cnd;
       a.a_vap = vap;
       a.a_flags = 0;
       a.a_context = ctx;
       a.a_rmdir_authorizer = vn_authorize_rmdir;
       a.a_reserved = NULL;

       no_vp = (*vpp == NULLVP);

       _err = (*dvp->v_op[vnop_compound_rmdir_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        if (_err == 0 && *vpp) {
                DTRACE_FSINFO(compound_rmdir, vnode_t, *vpp);
        }
#if CONFIG_APPLEDOUBLE
        if (_err == 0 && !NATIVE_XATTR(dvp)) {
                /* 
                 * Remove stale Apple Double file (if any).
                 */
                xattrfile_remove(dvp, ndp->ni_cnd.cn_nameptr, ctx, 0);
        }
#endif

        if (*vpp) {
                post_event_if_success(*vpp, _err, NOTE_DELETE | NOTE_LINK);
        }
        post_event_if_success(dvp, _err, NOTE_LINK | NOTE_WRITE);

       if (no_vp) {
               lookup_compound_vnop_post_hook(_err, dvp, *vpp, ndp, 0);

#if 0 /* Removing orphaned ._ files requires a vp.... */
               if (*vpp && _err && _err != EKEEPLOOKING) {
                       vnode_put(*vpp);
                       *vpp = NULLVP;
               }
#endif  /* 0 */
       }

       return (_err);
}

#if CONFIG_APPLEDOUBLE
/*
 * Remove a ._ AppleDouble file
 */
#define AD_STALE_SECS  (180)
static void
xattrfile_remove(vnode_t dvp, const char * basename, vfs_context_t ctx, int force) 
{
        vnode_t xvp;
        struct nameidata nd;
        char smallname[64];
        char *filename = NULL;
        size_t len;

        if ((basename == NULL) || (basename[0] == '\0') ||
            (basename[0] == '.' && basename[1] == '_')) {
                return;
        }
        filename = &smallname[0];
        len = snprintf(filename, sizeof(smallname), "._%s", basename);
        if (len >= sizeof(smallname)) {
                len++;  /* snprintf result doesn't include '\0' */
                MALLOC(filename, char *, len, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
                len = snprintf(filename, len, "._%s", basename);
        }
        NDINIT(&nd, DELETE, OP_UNLINK, WANTPARENT | LOCKLEAF | NOFOLLOW | USEDVP, UIO_SYSSPACE,
               CAST_USER_ADDR_T(filename), ctx);
        nd.ni_dvp = dvp;
        if (namei(&nd) != 0)
                goto out2;

        xvp = nd.ni_vp;
        nameidone(&nd);
        if (xvp->v_type != VREG)
                goto out1;

        /*
         * When creating a new object and a "._" file already
         * exists, check to see if its a stale "._" file.
         *
         */
        if (!force) {
                struct vnode_attr va;

                VATTR_INIT(&va);
                VATTR_WANTED(&va, va_data_size);
                VATTR_WANTED(&va, va_modify_time);
                if (VNOP_GETATTR(xvp, &va, ctx) == 0  &&
                    VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&va, va_data_size)  &&
                    VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&va, va_modify_time)  &&
                    va.va_data_size != 0) {
                        struct timeval tv;

                        microtime(&tv);
                        if ((tv.tv_sec > va.va_modify_time.tv_sec) &&
                            (tv.tv_sec - va.va_modify_time.tv_sec) > AD_STALE_SECS) {
                                force = 1;  /* must be stale */
                        }
                }
        }
        if (force) {
                int  error;
        
                error = VNOP_REMOVE(dvp, xvp, &nd.ni_cnd, 0, ctx);
                if (error == 0)
                        vnode_setneedinactive(xvp);

                post_event_if_success(xvp, error, NOTE_DELETE);
                post_event_if_success(dvp, error, NOTE_WRITE);
        }

out1:           
        vnode_put(dvp);
        vnode_put(xvp);
out2:
        if (filename && filename != &smallname[0]) {
                FREE(filename, M_TEMP);
        }
}

/*
 * Shadow uid/gid/mod to a ._ AppleDouble file
 */
static void
xattrfile_setattr(vnode_t dvp, const char * basename, struct vnode_attr * vap,
                  vfs_context_t ctx) 
{
        vnode_t xvp;
        struct nameidata nd;
        char smallname[64];
        char *filename = NULL;
        size_t len;

        if ((dvp == NULLVP) ||
            (basename == NULL) || (basename[0] == '\0') ||
            (basename[0] == '.' && basename[1] == '_')) {
                return;
        }
        filename = &smallname[0];
        len = snprintf(filename, sizeof(smallname), "._%s", basename);
        if (len >= sizeof(smallname)) {
                len++;  /* snprintf result doesn't include '\0' */
                MALLOC(filename, char *, len, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
                len = snprintf(filename, len, "._%s", basename);
        }
        NDINIT(&nd, LOOKUP, OP_SETATTR, NOFOLLOW | USEDVP, UIO_SYSSPACE,
               CAST_USER_ADDR_T(filename), ctx);
        nd.ni_dvp = dvp;
        if (namei(&nd) != 0)
                goto out2;

        xvp = nd.ni_vp;
        nameidone(&nd);

        if (xvp->v_type == VREG) {
                struct vnop_setattr_args a;

                a.a_desc = &vnop_setattr_desc;
                a.a_vp = xvp;
                a.a_vap = vap;
                a.a_context = ctx;

                (void) (*xvp->v_op[vnop_setattr_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        }

        vnode_put(xvp);
out2:
        if (filename && filename != &smallname[0]) {
                FREE(filename, M_TEMP);
        }
}
#endif /* CONFIG_APPLEDOUBLE */

 #if 0
/*
 *#
 *#% symlink      dvp     L U U
 *#% symlink      vpp     - U -
 *#
 */
struct vnop_symlink_args {
       struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
       vnode_t a_dvp;
       vnode_t *a_vpp;
       struct componentname *a_cnp;
       struct vnode_attr *a_vap;
       char *a_target;
       vfs_context_t a_context;
};

#endif /* 0*/
errno_t
VNOP_SYMLINK(struct vnode *dvp, struct vnode **vpp, struct componentname *cnp,
             struct vnode_attr *vap, char *target, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
       int _err;
       struct vnop_symlink_args a;

       a.a_desc = &vnop_symlink_desc;
       a.a_dvp = dvp;
       a.a_vpp = vpp;
       a.a_cnp = cnp;
       a.a_vap = vap;
       a.a_target = target;
       a.a_context = ctx;

       _err = (*dvp->v_op[vnop_symlink_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);   
        DTRACE_FSINFO(symlink, vnode_t, dvp);
#if CONFIG_APPLEDOUBLE
        if (_err == 0 && !NATIVE_XATTR(dvp)) {
                /* 
                 * Remove stale Apple Double file (if any).  Posts its own knotes
                 */
                xattrfile_remove(dvp, cnp->cn_nameptr, ctx, 0);
        }
#endif /* CONFIG_APPLEDOUBLE */

        post_event_if_success(dvp, _err, NOTE_WRITE);

        return (_err);
}

#if 0
/*
 *#
 *#% readdir      vp      L L L
 *#
 */
struct vnop_readdir_args {
        struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
        vnode_t a_vp;
        struct uio *a_uio;
        int a_flags;
        int *a_eofflag;
        int *a_numdirent;
        vfs_context_t a_context;
};

#endif /* 0*/
errno_t 
VNOP_READDIR(struct vnode *vp, struct uio *uio, int flags, int *eofflag,
             int *numdirent, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int _err;
        struct vnop_readdir_args a;
#if CONFIG_DTRACE
        user_ssize_t resid = uio_resid(uio);
#endif

        a.a_desc = &vnop_readdir_desc;
        a.a_vp = vp;
        a.a_uio = uio;
        a.a_flags = flags;
        a.a_eofflag = eofflag;
        a.a_numdirent = numdirent;
        a.a_context = ctx;

        _err = (*vp->v_op[vnop_readdir_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        DTRACE_FSINFO_IO(readdir,
            vnode_t, vp, user_ssize_t, (resid - uio_resid(uio)));

        return (_err);
}

#if 0
/*
 *#
 *#% readdirattr  vp      L L L
 *#
 */
struct vnop_readdirattr_args {
        struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
        vnode_t a_vp;
        struct attrlist *a_alist;
        struct uio *a_uio;
        uint32_t a_maxcount;
        uint32_t a_options;
        uint32_t *a_newstate;
        int *a_eofflag;
        uint32_t *a_actualcount;
        vfs_context_t a_context;
};

#endif /* 0*/
errno_t 
VNOP_READDIRATTR(struct vnode *vp, struct attrlist *alist, struct uio *uio, uint32_t maxcount,
                 uint32_t options, uint32_t *newstate, int *eofflag, uint32_t *actualcount, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int _err;
        struct vnop_readdirattr_args a;
#if CONFIG_DTRACE
        user_ssize_t resid = uio_resid(uio);
#endif

        a.a_desc = &vnop_readdirattr_desc;
        a.a_vp = vp;
        a.a_alist = alist;
        a.a_uio = uio;
        a.a_maxcount = maxcount;
        a.a_options = options;
        a.a_newstate = newstate;
        a.a_eofflag = eofflag;
        a.a_actualcount = actualcount;
        a.a_context = ctx;

        _err = (*vp->v_op[vnop_readdirattr_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        DTRACE_FSINFO_IO(readdirattr,
            vnode_t, vp, user_ssize_t, (resid - uio_resid(uio)));

        return (_err);
}

#if 0
struct vnop_getttrlistbulk_args {
        struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
        vnode_t a_vp;
        struct attrlist *a_alist;
        struct vnode_attr *a_vap;
        struct uio *a_uio;
        void *a_private
        uint64_t a_options;
        int *a_eofflag;
        uint32_t *a_actualcount;
        vfs_context_t a_context;
};
#endif /* 0*/
errno_t
VNOP_GETATTRLISTBULK(struct vnode *vp, struct attrlist *alist,
    struct vnode_attr *vap, struct uio *uio, void *private, uint64_t options,
    int32_t *eofflag, int32_t *actualcount, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int _err;
        struct vnop_getattrlistbulk_args a;
#if CONFIG_DTRACE
        user_ssize_t resid = uio_resid(uio);
#endif

        a.a_desc = &vnop_getattrlistbulk_desc;
        a.a_vp = vp;
        a.a_alist = alist;
        a.a_vap = vap;
        a.a_uio = uio;
        a.a_private = private;
        a.a_options = options;
        a.a_eofflag = eofflag;
        a.a_actualcount = actualcount;
        a.a_context = ctx;

        _err = (*vp->v_op[vnop_getattrlistbulk_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        DTRACE_FSINFO_IO(getattrlistbulk,
            vnode_t, vp, user_ssize_t, (resid - uio_resid(uio)));

        return (_err);
}

#if 0
/*
 *#
 *#% readlink     vp      L L L
 *#
 */
struct vnop_readlink_args {
        struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
        vnode_t a_vp;
        struct uio *a_uio;
        vfs_context_t a_context;
};
#endif /* 0 */

/*
 * Returns:     0                       Success
 *              lock_fsnode:ENOENT      No such file or directory [only for VFS
 *                                       that is not thread safe & vnode is
 *                                       currently being/has been terminated]
 *              <vfs_readlink>:EINVAL
 *              <vfs_readlink>:???
 *
 * Note:        The return codes from the underlying VFS's readlink routine
 *              can't be fully enumerated here, since third party VFS authors
 *              may not limit their error returns to the ones documented here,
 *              even though this may result in some programs functioning
 *              incorrectly.
 *
 *              The return codes documented above are those which may currently
 *              be returned by HFS from hfs_vnop_readlink, not including
 *              additional error code which may be propagated from underlying
 *              routines.
 */
errno_t 
VNOP_READLINK(struct vnode *vp, struct uio *uio, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int _err;
        struct vnop_readlink_args a;
#if CONFIG_DTRACE
        user_ssize_t resid = uio_resid(uio);
#endif
        a.a_desc = &vnop_readlink_desc;
        a.a_vp = vp;
        a.a_uio = uio;
        a.a_context = ctx;

        _err = (*vp->v_op[vnop_readlink_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        DTRACE_FSINFO_IO(readlink,
            vnode_t, vp, user_ssize_t, (resid - uio_resid(uio)));

        return (_err);
}

#if 0
/*
 *#
 *#% inactive     vp      L U U
 *#
 */
struct vnop_inactive_args {
        struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
        vnode_t a_vp;
        vfs_context_t a_context;
};
#endif /* 0*/
errno_t 
VNOP_INACTIVE(struct vnode *vp, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int _err;
        struct vnop_inactive_args a;

        a.a_desc = &vnop_inactive_desc;
        a.a_vp = vp;
        a.a_context = ctx;
        
        _err = (*vp->v_op[vnop_inactive_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        DTRACE_FSINFO(inactive, vnode_t, vp);

#if NAMEDSTREAMS
        /* For file systems that do not support namedstream natively, mark 
         * the shadow stream file vnode to be recycled as soon as the last 
         * reference goes away.  To avoid re-entering reclaim code, do not 
         * call recycle on terminating namedstream vnodes.
         */
        if (vnode_isnamedstream(vp) &&
            (vp->v_parent != NULLVP) &&
            vnode_isshadow(vp) &&
            ((vp->v_lflag & VL_TERMINATE) == 0)) {
                vnode_recycle(vp);
        }
#endif

        return (_err);
}


#if 0
/*
 *#
 *#% reclaim      vp      U U U
 *#
 */
struct vnop_reclaim_args {
        struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
        vnode_t a_vp;
        vfs_context_t a_context;
};
#endif /* 0*/
errno_t
VNOP_RECLAIM(struct vnode *vp, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int _err;
        struct vnop_reclaim_args a;

        a.a_desc = &vnop_reclaim_desc;
        a.a_vp = vp;
        a.a_context = ctx;

        _err = (*vp->v_op[vnop_reclaim_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        DTRACE_FSINFO(reclaim, vnode_t, vp);

        return (_err);
}


/*
 * Returns:     0                       Success
 *      lock_fsnode:ENOENT              No such file or directory [only for VFS
 *                                       that is not thread safe & vnode is
 *                                       currently being/has been terminated]
 *      <vnop_pathconf_desc>:???        [per FS implementation specific]
 */
#if 0
/*
 *#
 *#% pathconf     vp      L L L
 *#
 */
struct vnop_pathconf_args {
        struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
        vnode_t a_vp;
        int a_name;
        int32_t *a_retval;
        vfs_context_t a_context;
};
#endif /* 0*/
errno_t 
VNOP_PATHCONF(struct vnode *vp, int name, int32_t *retval, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int _err;
        struct vnop_pathconf_args a;

        a.a_desc = &vnop_pathconf_desc;
        a.a_vp = vp;
        a.a_name = name;
        a.a_retval = retval;
        a.a_context = ctx;

        _err = (*vp->v_op[vnop_pathconf_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        DTRACE_FSINFO(pathconf, vnode_t, vp);

        return (_err);
}

/*
 * Returns:     0                       Success
 *      err_advlock:ENOTSUP
 *      lf_advlock:???
 *      <vnop_advlock_desc>:???
 *
 * Notes:       VFS implementations of advisory locking using calls through
 *              <vnop_advlock_desc> because lock enforcement does not occur
 *              locally should try to limit themselves to the return codes
 *              documented above for lf_advlock and err_advlock.
 */
#if 0
/*
 *#
 *#% advlock      vp      U U U
 *#
 */
struct vnop_advlock_args {
        struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
        vnode_t a_vp;
        caddr_t a_id;
        int a_op;
        struct flock *a_fl;
        int a_flags;
        vfs_context_t a_context;
};
#endif /* 0*/
errno_t 
VNOP_ADVLOCK(struct vnode *vp, caddr_t id, int op, struct flock *fl, int flags, vfs_context_t ctx, struct timespec *timeout)
{
        int _err;
        struct vnop_advlock_args a;

        a.a_desc = &vnop_advlock_desc;
        a.a_vp = vp;
        a.a_id = id;
        a.a_op = op;
        a.a_fl = fl;
        a.a_flags = flags;
        a.a_context = ctx;
        a.a_timeout = timeout;

        /* Disallow advisory locking on non-seekable vnodes */
        if (vnode_isfifo(vp)) {
                _err = err_advlock(&a);
        } else {
                if ((vp->v_flag & VLOCKLOCAL)) {
                        /* Advisory locking done at this layer */
                        _err = lf_advlock(&a);
                } else if (flags & F_OFD_LOCK) {
                        /* Non-local locking doesn't work for OFD locks */
                        _err = err_advlock(&a);
                } else {
                        /* Advisory locking done by underlying filesystem */
                        _err = (*vp->v_op[vnop_advlock_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
                }
                DTRACE_FSINFO(advlock, vnode_t, vp);
                if (op == F_UNLCK && flags == F_FLOCK)
                        post_event_if_success(vp, _err, NOTE_FUNLOCK);
        }

        return (_err);
}



#if 0
/*
 *#
 *#% allocate     vp      L L L
 *#
 */
struct vnop_allocate_args {
        struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
        vnode_t a_vp;
        off_t a_length;
        u_int32_t a_flags;
        off_t *a_bytesallocated;
        off_t a_offset;
        vfs_context_t a_context;
};

#endif /* 0*/
errno_t 
VNOP_ALLOCATE(struct vnode *vp, off_t length, u_int32_t flags, off_t *bytesallocated, off_t offset, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int _err;
        struct vnop_allocate_args a;

        a.a_desc = &vnop_allocate_desc;
        a.a_vp = vp;
        a.a_length = length;
        a.a_flags = flags;
        a.a_bytesallocated = bytesallocated;
        a.a_offset = offset;
        a.a_context = ctx;

        _err = (*vp->v_op[vnop_allocate_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        DTRACE_FSINFO(allocate, vnode_t, vp);
#if CONFIG_FSE
        if (_err == 0) {
                add_fsevent(FSE_STAT_CHANGED, ctx, FSE_ARG_VNODE, vp, FSE_ARG_DONE);
        }
#endif

        return (_err);
}

#if 0
/*
 *#
 *#% pagein       vp      = = =
 *#
 */
struct vnop_pagein_args {
        struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
        vnode_t a_vp;
        upl_t a_pl;
        upl_offset_t a_pl_offset;
        off_t a_f_offset;
        size_t a_size;
        int a_flags;
        vfs_context_t a_context;
};
#endif /* 0*/
errno_t 
VNOP_PAGEIN(struct vnode *vp, upl_t pl, upl_offset_t pl_offset, off_t f_offset, size_t size, int flags, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int _err;
        struct vnop_pagein_args a;

        a.a_desc = &vnop_pagein_desc;
        a.a_vp = vp;
        a.a_pl = pl;
        a.a_pl_offset = pl_offset;
        a.a_f_offset = f_offset;
        a.a_size = size;
        a.a_flags = flags;
        a.a_context = ctx;

        _err = (*vp->v_op[vnop_pagein_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        DTRACE_FSINFO(pagein, vnode_t, vp);

        return (_err);
}

#if 0
/*
 *#
 *#% pageout      vp      = = =
 *#
 */
struct vnop_pageout_args {
        struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
        vnode_t a_vp;
        upl_t a_pl;
        upl_offset_t a_pl_offset;
        off_t a_f_offset;
        size_t a_size;
        int a_flags;
        vfs_context_t a_context;
};

#endif /* 0*/
errno_t 
VNOP_PAGEOUT(struct vnode *vp, upl_t pl, upl_offset_t pl_offset, off_t f_offset, size_t size, int flags, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int _err;
        struct vnop_pageout_args a;

        a.a_desc = &vnop_pageout_desc;
        a.a_vp = vp;
        a.a_pl = pl;
        a.a_pl_offset = pl_offset;
        a.a_f_offset = f_offset;
        a.a_size = size;
        a.a_flags = flags;
        a.a_context = ctx;

        _err = (*vp->v_op[vnop_pageout_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        DTRACE_FSINFO(pageout, vnode_t, vp);

        post_event_if_success(vp, _err, NOTE_WRITE);

        return (_err);
}

int
vn_remove(vnode_t dvp, vnode_t *vpp, struct nameidata *ndp, int32_t flags, struct vnode_attr *vap, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        if (vnode_compound_remove_available(dvp)) {
                return VNOP_COMPOUND_REMOVE(dvp, vpp, ndp, flags, vap, ctx);
        } else {
                return VNOP_REMOVE(dvp, *vpp, &ndp->ni_cnd, flags, ctx);
        }
}

#if CONFIG_SEARCHFS

#if 0
/*
 *#
 *#% searchfs     vp      L L L
 *#
 */
struct vnop_searchfs_args {
        struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
        vnode_t a_vp;
        void *a_searchparams1;
        void *a_searchparams2;
        struct attrlist *a_searchattrs;
        uint32_t a_maxmatches;
        struct timeval *a_timelimit;
        struct attrlist *a_returnattrs;
        uint32_t *a_nummatches;
        uint32_t a_scriptcode;
        uint32_t a_options;
        struct uio *a_uio;
        struct searchstate *a_searchstate;
        vfs_context_t a_context;
};

#endif /* 0*/
errno_t 
VNOP_SEARCHFS(struct vnode *vp, void *searchparams1, void *searchparams2, struct attrlist *searchattrs, uint32_t maxmatches, struct timeval *timelimit, struct attrlist *returnattrs, uint32_t *nummatches, uint32_t scriptcode, uint32_t options, struct uio *uio, struct searchstate *searchstate, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int _err;
        struct vnop_searchfs_args a;

        a.a_desc = &vnop_searchfs_desc;
        a.a_vp = vp;
        a.a_searchparams1 = searchparams1;
        a.a_searchparams2 = searchparams2;
        a.a_searchattrs = searchattrs;
        a.a_maxmatches = maxmatches;
        a.a_timelimit = timelimit;
        a.a_returnattrs = returnattrs;
        a.a_nummatches = nummatches;
        a.a_scriptcode = scriptcode;
        a.a_options = options;
        a.a_uio = uio;
        a.a_searchstate = searchstate;
        a.a_context = ctx;

        _err = (*vp->v_op[vnop_searchfs_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        DTRACE_FSINFO(searchfs, vnode_t, vp);

        return (_err);
}
#endif /* CONFIG_SEARCHFS */

#if 0
/*
 *#
 *#% copyfile fvp U U U
 *#% copyfile tdvp L U U
 *#% copyfile tvp X U U
 *#
 */
struct vnop_copyfile_args {
        struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
        vnode_t a_fvp;
        vnode_t a_tdvp;
        vnode_t a_tvp;
        struct componentname *a_tcnp;
        int a_mode;
        int a_flags;
        vfs_context_t a_context;
};
#endif /* 0*/
errno_t 
VNOP_COPYFILE(struct vnode *fvp, struct vnode *tdvp, struct vnode *tvp, struct componentname *tcnp,
              int mode, int flags, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int _err;
        struct vnop_copyfile_args a;
        a.a_desc = &vnop_copyfile_desc;
        a.a_fvp = fvp;
        a.a_tdvp = tdvp;
        a.a_tvp = tvp;
        a.a_tcnp = tcnp;
        a.a_mode = mode;
        a.a_flags = flags;
        a.a_context = ctx;
        _err = (*fvp->v_op[vnop_copyfile_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        DTRACE_FSINFO(copyfile, vnode_t, fvp);
        return (_err);
}

#if 0
struct vnop_clonefile_args {
        struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
        vnode_t a_fvp;
        vnode_t a_dvp;
        vnode_t *a_vpp;
        struct componentname *a_cnp;
        struct vnode_attr *a_vap;
        uint32_t a_flags;
        vfs_context_t a_context;
        int (*a_dir_clone_authorizer)(  /* Authorization callback */
                        struct vnode_attr *vap, /* attribute to be authorized */
                        kauth_action_t action, /* action for which attribute is to be authorized */
                        struct vnode_attr *dvap, /* target directory attributes */
                        vnode_t sdvp, /* source directory vnode pointer (optional) */
                        mount_t mp, /* mount point of filesystem */
                        dir_clone_authorizer_op_t vattr_op, /* specific operation requested : setup, authorization or cleanup  */
                        uint32_t flags; /* value passed in a_flags to the VNOP */
                        vfs_context_t ctx,              /* As passed to VNOP */
                        void *reserved);                /* Always NULL */
        void *a_reserved;               /* Currently unused */
};
#endif /* 0 */

errno_t
VNOP_CLONEFILE(vnode_t fvp, vnode_t dvp, vnode_t *vpp,
    struct componentname *cnp, struct vnode_attr *vap, uint32_t flags,
    vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int _err;
        struct vnop_clonefile_args a;
        a.a_desc = &vnop_clonefile_desc;
        a.a_fvp = fvp;
        a.a_dvp = dvp;
        a.a_vpp = vpp;
        a.a_cnp = cnp;
        a.a_vap = vap;
        a.a_flags = flags;
        a.a_context = ctx;

        if (vnode_vtype(fvp) == VDIR)
                a.a_dir_clone_authorizer = vnode_attr_authorize_dir_clone;
        else
                a.a_dir_clone_authorizer = NULL;

        _err = (*dvp->v_op[vnop_clonefile_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);

        if (_err == 0 && *vpp) {
                DTRACE_FSINFO(clonefile, vnode_t, *vpp);
                if (kdebug_enable)
                        kdebug_lookup(*vpp, cnp);
        }

        post_event_if_success(dvp, _err, NOTE_WRITE);

        return (_err);
}

errno_t
VNOP_GETXATTR(vnode_t vp, const char *name, uio_t uio, size_t *size, int options, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        struct vnop_getxattr_args a;
        int error;

        a.a_desc = &vnop_getxattr_desc;
        a.a_vp = vp;
        a.a_name = name;
        a.a_uio = uio;
        a.a_size = size;
        a.a_options = options;
        a.a_context = ctx;

        error = (*vp->v_op[vnop_getxattr_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        DTRACE_FSINFO(getxattr, vnode_t, vp);

        return (error);
}

errno_t
VNOP_SETXATTR(vnode_t vp, const char *name, uio_t uio, int options, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        struct vnop_setxattr_args a;
        int error;

        a.a_desc = &vnop_setxattr_desc;
        a.a_vp = vp;
        a.a_name = name;
        a.a_uio = uio;
        a.a_options = options;
        a.a_context = ctx;

        error = (*vp->v_op[vnop_setxattr_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        DTRACE_FSINFO(setxattr, vnode_t, vp);

        if (error == 0)
                vnode_uncache_authorized_action(vp, KAUTH_INVALIDATE_CACHED_RIGHTS);

        post_event_if_success(vp, error, NOTE_ATTRIB);

        return (error);
}

errno_t
VNOP_REMOVEXATTR(vnode_t vp, const char *name, int options, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        struct vnop_removexattr_args a;
        int error;

        a.a_desc = &vnop_removexattr_desc;
        a.a_vp = vp;
        a.a_name = name;
        a.a_options = options;
        a.a_context = ctx;

        error = (*vp->v_op[vnop_removexattr_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        DTRACE_FSINFO(removexattr, vnode_t, vp);

        post_event_if_success(vp, error, NOTE_ATTRIB);
        
        return (error);
}

errno_t
VNOP_LISTXATTR(vnode_t vp, uio_t uio, size_t *size, int options, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        struct vnop_listxattr_args a;
        int error;

        a.a_desc = &vnop_listxattr_desc;
        a.a_vp = vp;
        a.a_uio = uio;
        a.a_size = size;
        a.a_options = options;
        a.a_context = ctx;

        error = (*vp->v_op[vnop_listxattr_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        DTRACE_FSINFO(listxattr, vnode_t, vp);

        return (error);
}


#if 0
/*
 *#
 *#% blktooff vp = = =
 *#
 */
struct vnop_blktooff_args {
        struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
        vnode_t a_vp;
        daddr64_t a_lblkno;
        off_t *a_offset;
};
#endif /* 0*/
errno_t 
VNOP_BLKTOOFF(struct vnode *vp, daddr64_t lblkno, off_t *offset)
{
        int _err;
        struct vnop_blktooff_args a;

        a.a_desc = &vnop_blktooff_desc;
        a.a_vp = vp;
        a.a_lblkno = lblkno;
        a.a_offset = offset;

        _err = (*vp->v_op[vnop_blktooff_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        DTRACE_FSINFO(blktooff, vnode_t, vp);

        return (_err);
}

#if 0
/*
 *#
 *#% offtoblk vp = = =
 *#
 */
struct vnop_offtoblk_args {
        struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
        vnode_t a_vp;
        off_t a_offset;
        daddr64_t *a_lblkno;
};
#endif /* 0*/
errno_t 
VNOP_OFFTOBLK(struct vnode *vp, off_t offset, daddr64_t *lblkno)
{
        int _err;
        struct vnop_offtoblk_args a;

        a.a_desc = &vnop_offtoblk_desc;
        a.a_vp = vp;
        a.a_offset = offset;
        a.a_lblkno = lblkno;

        _err = (*vp->v_op[vnop_offtoblk_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        DTRACE_FSINFO(offtoblk, vnode_t, vp);

        return (_err);
}

#if 0
/*
 *#
 *#% blockmap vp L L L
 *#
 */
struct vnop_blockmap_args {
        struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
        vnode_t a_vp;
        off_t a_foffset;
        size_t a_size;
        daddr64_t *a_bpn;
        size_t *a_run;
        void *a_poff;
        int a_flags;
        vfs_context_t a_context;
};
#endif /* 0*/
errno_t 
VNOP_BLOCKMAP(struct vnode *vp, off_t foffset, size_t size, daddr64_t *bpn, size_t *run, void *poff, int flags, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int _err;
        struct vnop_blockmap_args a;
        size_t localrun = 0;

        if (ctx == NULL) {
                ctx = vfs_context_current();
        }
        a.a_desc = &vnop_blockmap_desc;
        a.a_vp = vp;
        a.a_foffset = foffset;
        a.a_size = size;
        a.a_bpn = bpn;
        a.a_run = &localrun;
        a.a_poff = poff;
        a.a_flags = flags;
        a.a_context = ctx;

        _err = (*vp->v_op[vnop_blockmap_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        DTRACE_FSINFO(blockmap, vnode_t, vp);

        /*
         * We used a local variable to request information from the underlying
         * filesystem about the length of the I/O run in question.  If
         * we get malformed output from the filesystem, we cap it to the length
         * requested, at most.  Update 'run' on the way out.
         */
        if (_err == 0) {
                if (localrun > size) {
                        localrun = size;
                }

                if (run) {
                        *run = localrun;
                }
        }

        return (_err);
}

#if 0
struct vnop_strategy_args {
        struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
        struct buf *a_bp;
};

#endif /* 0*/
errno_t 
VNOP_STRATEGY(struct buf *bp)
{
        int _err;
        struct vnop_strategy_args a;
        vnode_t vp = buf_vnode(bp);
        a.a_desc = &vnop_strategy_desc;
        a.a_bp = bp;
        _err = (*vp->v_op[vnop_strategy_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        DTRACE_FSINFO(strategy, vnode_t, vp);
        return (_err);
}

#if 0
struct vnop_bwrite_args {
        struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
        buf_t a_bp;
};
#endif /* 0*/
errno_t 
VNOP_BWRITE(struct buf *bp)
{
        int _err;
        struct vnop_bwrite_args a;
        vnode_t vp = buf_vnode(bp);
        a.a_desc = &vnop_bwrite_desc;
        a.a_bp = bp;
        _err = (*vp->v_op[vnop_bwrite_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        DTRACE_FSINFO(bwrite, vnode_t, vp);
        return (_err);
}

#if 0
struct vnop_kqfilt_add_args {
        struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
        struct vnode *a_vp;
        struct knote *a_kn;
        vfs_context_t a_context;
};
#endif
errno_t
VNOP_KQFILT_ADD(struct vnode *vp, struct knote *kn, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int _err;
        struct vnop_kqfilt_add_args a;

        a.a_desc = VDESC(vnop_kqfilt_add);
        a.a_vp = vp;
        a.a_kn = kn;
        a.a_context = ctx;

        _err = (*vp->v_op[vnop_kqfilt_add_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        DTRACE_FSINFO(kqfilt_add, vnode_t, vp);
        
        return(_err);
}

#if 0
struct vnop_kqfilt_remove_args {
        struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
        struct vnode *a_vp;
        uintptr_t a_ident;
        vfs_context_t a_context;
};
#endif
errno_t
VNOP_KQFILT_REMOVE(struct vnode *vp, uintptr_t ident, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int _err;
        struct vnop_kqfilt_remove_args a;

        a.a_desc = VDESC(vnop_kqfilt_remove);
        a.a_vp = vp;
        a.a_ident = ident;
        a.a_context = ctx;

        _err = (*vp->v_op[vnop_kqfilt_remove_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        DTRACE_FSINFO(kqfilt_remove, vnode_t, vp);

        return(_err);
}

errno_t
VNOP_MONITOR(vnode_t vp, uint32_t events, uint32_t flags, void *handle, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int _err;
        struct vnop_monitor_args a;

        a.a_desc = VDESC(vnop_monitor);
        a.a_vp = vp;
        a.a_events = events;
        a.a_flags = flags;
        a.a_handle = handle;
        a.a_context = ctx;

        _err = (*vp->v_op[vnop_monitor_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        DTRACE_FSINFO(monitor, vnode_t, vp);

        return(_err);
}

#if 0
struct vnop_setlabel_args {
        struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
        struct vnode *a_vp;
        struct label *a_vl;
        vfs_context_t a_context;
};
#endif
errno_t
VNOP_SETLABEL(struct vnode *vp, struct label *label, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int _err;
        struct vnop_setlabel_args a;

        a.a_desc = VDESC(vnop_setlabel);
        a.a_vp = vp;
        a.a_vl = label;
        a.a_context = ctx;

        _err = (*vp->v_op[vnop_setlabel_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        DTRACE_FSINFO(setlabel, vnode_t, vp);

        return(_err);
}


#if NAMEDSTREAMS
/*
 * Get a named streamed
 */
errno_t 
VNOP_GETNAMEDSTREAM(vnode_t vp, vnode_t *svpp, const char *name, enum nsoperation operation, int flags, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int _err;
        struct vnop_getnamedstream_args a;

        a.a_desc = &vnop_getnamedstream_desc;
        a.a_vp = vp;
        a.a_svpp = svpp;
        a.a_name = name;
        a.a_operation = operation;
        a.a_flags = flags;
        a.a_context = ctx;

        _err = (*vp->v_op[vnop_getnamedstream_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        DTRACE_FSINFO(getnamedstream, vnode_t, vp);
        return (_err);
}

/*
 * Create a named streamed
 */
errno_t 
VNOP_MAKENAMEDSTREAM(vnode_t vp, vnode_t *svpp, const char *name, int flags, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int _err;
        struct vnop_makenamedstream_args a;

        a.a_desc = &vnop_makenamedstream_desc;
        a.a_vp = vp;
        a.a_svpp = svpp;
        a.a_name = name;
        a.a_flags = flags;
        a.a_context = ctx;

        _err = (*vp->v_op[vnop_makenamedstream_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        DTRACE_FSINFO(makenamedstream, vnode_t, vp);
        return (_err);
}


/*
 * Remove a named streamed
 */
errno_t 
VNOP_REMOVENAMEDSTREAM(vnode_t vp, vnode_t svp, const char *name, int flags, vfs_context_t ctx)
{
        int _err;
        struct vnop_removenamedstream_args a;

        a.a_desc = &vnop_removenamedstream_desc;
        a.a_vp = vp;
        a.a_svp = svp;
        a.a_name = name;
        a.a_flags = flags;
        a.a_context = ctx;

        _err = (*vp->v_op[vnop_removenamedstream_desc.vdesc_offset])(&a);
        DTRACE_FSINFO(removenamedstream, vnode_t, vp);
        return (_err);
}
#endif