xnu-517.3.7.tar.gz

[apple/xnu.git] / osfmk / i386 / rtclock.c

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2000 Apple Computer, Inc. All rights reserved.
 *
 * @APPLE_LICENSE_HEADER_START@
 * 
 * Copyright (c) 1999-2003 Apple Computer, Inc.  All Rights Reserved.
 * 
 * This file contains Original Code and/or Modifications of Original Code
 * as defined in and that are subject to the Apple Public Source License
 * Version 2.0 (the 'License'). You may not use this file except in
 * compliance with the License. Please obtain a copy of the License at
 * http://www.opensource.apple.com/apsl/ and read it before using this
 * file.
 * 
 * The Original Code and all software distributed under the License are
 * distributed on an 'AS IS' basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER
 * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AND APPLE HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL SUCH WARRANTIES,
 * INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, QUIET ENJOYMENT OR NON-INFRINGEMENT.
 * Please see the License for the specific language governing rights and
 * limitations under the License.
 * 
 * @APPLE_LICENSE_HEADER_END@
 */
/*
 * @OSF_COPYRIGHT@
 */

/*
 *      File:           i386/rtclock.c
 *      Purpose:        Routines for handling the machine dependent
 *                      real-time clock. This clock is generated by
 *                      the Intel 8254 Programmable Interval Timer.
 */

#include <cpus.h>
#include <platforms.h>
#include <mach_kdb.h>

#include <mach/mach_types.h>

#include <kern/cpu_number.h>
#include <kern/cpu_data.h>
#include <kern/clock.h>
#include <kern/host_notify.h>
#include <kern/macro_help.h>
#include <kern/misc_protos.h>
#include <kern/spl.h>
#include <machine/mach_param.h> /* HZ */
#include <mach/vm_prot.h>
#include <vm/pmap.h>
#include <vm/vm_kern.h>         /* for kernel_map */
#include <i386/ipl.h>
#include <i386/pit.h>
#include <i386/pio.h>
#include <i386/misc_protos.h>
#include <i386/rtclock_entries.h>
#include <i386/hardclock_entries.h>
#include <i386/proc_reg.h>
#include <i386/machine_cpu.h>
#include <pexpert/pexpert.h>

#define DISPLAYENTER(x) printf("[RTCLOCK] entering " #x "\n");
#define DISPLAYEXIT(x) printf("[RTCLOCK] leaving " #x "\n");
#define DISPLAYVALUE(x,y) printf("[RTCLOCK] " #x ":" #y " = 0x%08x \n",y);

int             sysclk_config(void);

int             sysclk_init(void);

kern_return_t   sysclk_gettime(
        mach_timespec_t                 *cur_time);

kern_return_t   sysclk_getattr(
        clock_flavor_t                  flavor,
        clock_attr_t                    attr,
        mach_msg_type_number_t  *count);

kern_return_t   sysclk_setattr(
        clock_flavor_t                  flavor,
        clock_attr_t                    attr,
        mach_msg_type_number_t  count);

void            sysclk_setalarm(
        mach_timespec_t                 *alarm_time);

extern  void (*IOKitRegisterInterruptHook)(void *,  int irq, int isclock);

/*
 * Lists of clock routines.
 */
struct clock_ops  sysclk_ops = {
        sysclk_config,                  sysclk_init,
        sysclk_gettime,                 0,
        sysclk_getattr,                 sysclk_setattr,
        sysclk_setalarm,
};

int             calend_config(void);

int             calend_init(void);

kern_return_t   calend_gettime(
        mach_timespec_t                 *cur_time);

kern_return_t   calend_getattr(
        clock_flavor_t                  flavor,
        clock_attr_t                    attr,
        mach_msg_type_number_t  *count);

struct clock_ops calend_ops = {
        calend_config,                  calend_init,
        calend_gettime,                 0,
        calend_getattr,                 0,
        0,
};

/* local data declarations */
mach_timespec_t         *RtcTime = (mach_timespec_t *)0;
mach_timespec_t         *RtcAlrm;
clock_res_t                     RtcDelt;

/* global data declarations */
struct  {
        uint64_t                        abstime;

        mach_timespec_t         time;
        mach_timespec_t         alarm_time;     /* time of next alarm */

        mach_timespec_t         calend_offset;
        boolean_t                       calend_is_set;

        int64_t                         calend_adjtotal;
        int32_t                         calend_adjdelta;

        uint64_t                        timer_deadline;
        boolean_t                       timer_is_set;
        clock_timer_func_t      timer_expire;

        clock_res_t                     new_ires;       /* pending new resolution (nano ) */
        clock_res_t                     intr_nsec;      /* interrupt resolution (nano) */
        mach_timebase_info_data_t       timebase_const;

        decl_simple_lock_data(,lock)    /* real-time clock device lock */
} rtclock;

unsigned int            clknum;                        /* clks per second */
unsigned int            new_clknum;                    /* pending clknum */
unsigned int            time_per_clk;                  /* time per clk in ZHZ */
unsigned int            clks_per_int;                  /* clks per interrupt */
unsigned int            clks_per_int_99;
int                     rtc_intr_count;                /* interrupt counter */
int                     rtc_intr_hertz;                /* interrupts per HZ */
int                     rtc_intr_freq;                 /* interrupt frequency */
int                     rtc_print_lost_tick;           /* print lost tick */

uint32_t                rtc_cyc_per_sec;                /* processor cycles per seconds */
uint32_t                rtc_quant_scale;                /* used internally to convert clocks to nanos */

/*
 *      Macros to lock/unlock real-time clock device.
 */
#define LOCK_RTC(s)                                     \
MACRO_BEGIN                                                     \
        (s) = splclock();                               \
        simple_lock(&rtclock.lock);             \
MACRO_END

#define UNLOCK_RTC(s)                           \
MACRO_BEGIN                                                     \
        simple_unlock(&rtclock.lock);   \
        splx(s);                                                \
MACRO_END

/*
 * i8254 control.  ** MONUMENT **
 *
 * The i8254 is a traditional PC device with some arbitrary characteristics.
 * Basically, it is a register that counts at a fixed rate and can be
 * programmed to generate an interrupt every N counts.  The count rate is
 * clknum counts per second (see pit.h), historically 1193167 we believe.
 * Various constants are computed based on this value, and we calculate
 * them at init time for execution efficiency.  To obtain sufficient
 * accuracy, some of the calculation are most easily done in floating
 * point and then converted to int.
 *
 * We want an interrupt every 10 milliseconds, approximately.  The count
 * which will do that is clks_per_int.  However, that many counts is not
 * *exactly* 10 milliseconds; it is a bit more or less depending on
 * roundoff.  The actual time per tick is calculated and saved in
 * rtclock.intr_nsec, and it is that value which is added to the time
 * register on each tick.
 *
 * The i8254 counter can be read between interrupts in order to determine
 * the time more accurately.  The counter counts down from the preset value
 * toward 0, and we have to handle the case where the counter has been
 * reset just before being read and before the interrupt has been serviced.
 * Given a count since the last interrupt, the time since then is given
 * by (count * time_per_clk).  In order to minimize integer truncation,
 * we perform this calculation in an arbitrary unit of time which maintains
 * the maximum precision, i.e. such that one tick is 1.0e9 of these units,
 * or close to the precision of a 32-bit int.  We then divide by this unit
 * (which doesn't lose precision) to get nanoseconds.  For notation
 * purposes, this unit is defined as ZHZ = zanoseconds per nanosecond.
 *
 * This sequence to do all this is in sysclk_gettime.  For efficiency, this
 * sequence also needs the value that the counter will have if it has just
 * overflowed, so we precompute that also.  
 *
 * The fix for certain really old certain platforms has been removed
 * (specifically the DEC XL5100) have been observed to have problem
 * with latching the counter, and they occasionally (say, one out of
 * 100,000 times) return a bogus value.  Hence, the present code reads
 * the counter twice and checks for a consistent pair of values.
 * the code was:
 *      do {
 *          READ_8254(val);                
 *          READ_8254(val2);                
 *      } while ( val2 > val || val2 < val - 10 );
 *
 *
 * Some attributes of the rt clock can be changed, including the
 * interrupt resolution.  We default to the minimum resolution (10 ms),
 * but allow a finer resolution to be requested.  The assumed frequency
 * of the clock can also be set since it appears that the actual
 * frequency of real-world hardware can vary from the nominal by
 * 200 ppm or more.  When the frequency is set, the values above are
 * recomputed and we continue without resetting or changing anything else.
 */
#define RTC_MINRES      (NSEC_PER_SEC / HZ)     /* nsec per tick */
#define RTC_MAXRES      (RTC_MINRES / 20)       /* nsec per tick */
#define ZANO            (1000000000)
#define ZHZ             (ZANO / (NSEC_PER_SEC / HZ))
#define READ_8254(val)  { \
        outb(PITCTL_PORT, PIT_C0);             \
        (val) = inb(PITCTR0_PORT);               \
        (val) |= inb(PITCTR0_PORT) << 8 ; }

#define UI_CPUFREQ_ROUNDING_FACTOR      10000000


/*
 * Forward decl.
 */

void         rtc_setvals( unsigned int, clock_res_t );

static void  rtc_set_cyc_per_sec();

/* define assembly routines */


/*
 * Inlines to get timestamp counter value.
 */

inline static uint64_t
rdtsc_64(void)
{
        uint64_t result;
        asm volatile("rdtsc": "=A" (result));
        return result;
}

// create_mul_quant_GHZ create a constant that can be used to multiply
// the TSC by to create nanoseconds. This is a 32 bit number
// and the TSC *MUST* have a frequency higher than 1000Mhz for this routine to work
//
// The theory here is that we know how many TSCs-per-sec the processor runs at. Normally to convert this
// to nanoseconds you would multiply the current time stamp by 1000000000 (a billion) then divide
// by TSCs-per-sec to get nanoseconds. Unfortunatly the TSC is 64 bits which would leave us with
// 96 bit intermediate results from the dultiply that must be divided by.
// usually thats
// uint96 = tsc * numer
// nanos = uint96 / denom
// Instead, we create this quant constant and it becomes the numerator, the denominator
// can then be 0x100000000 which makes our division as simple as forgetting the lower 32 bits
// of the result. We can also pass this number to user space as the numer and pass 0xFFFFFFFF
// as the denom to converting raw counts to nanos. the difference is so small as to be undetectable
// by anything.
// unfortunatly we can not do this for sub GHZ processors. In that case, all we do is pass the CPU
// speed in raw as the denom and we pass in 1000000000 as the numerator. No short cuts allowed

inline static uint32_t
create_mul_quant_GHZ(uint32_t quant)
{
        return (uint32_t)((50000000ULL << 32) / quant);
}

// this routine takes a value of raw TSC ticks and applies the passed mul_quant
// generated by create_mul_quant() This is our internal routine for creating
// nanoseconds
// since we don't really have uint96_t this routine basically does this....
// uint96_t intermediate = (*value) * scale
// return (intermediate >> 32)
inline static uint64_t
fast_get_nano_from_abs(uint64_t value, int scale)
{
    asm ("      movl    %%edx,%%esi     \n\t"
         "      mull    %%ecx           \n\t"
         "      movl    %%edx,%%edi     \n\t"
         "      movl    %%esi,%%eax     \n\t"
         "      mull    %%ecx           \n\t"
         "      xorl    %%ecx,%%ecx     \n\t"   
         "      addl    %%edi,%%eax     \n\t"   
         "      adcl    %%ecx,%%edx         "
                : "+A" (value)
                : "c" (scale)
                : "%esi", "%edi");
    return value;
}

/*
 * this routine basically does this...
 * ts.tv_sec = nanos / 1000000000;      create seconds
 * ts.tv_nsec = nanos % 1000000000;     create remainder nanos
 */
inline static mach_timespec_t 
nanos_to_timespec(uint64_t nanos)
{
        union {
                mach_timespec_t ts;
                uint64_t u64;
        } ret;
        ret.u64 = nanos;
        asm volatile("divl %1" : "+A" (ret.u64) : "r" (NSEC_PER_SEC));
        return ret.ts;
}

// the following two routine perform the 96 bit arithmetic we need to
// convert generic absolute<->nanoseconds
// the multiply routine takes a uint64_t and a uint32_t and returns the result in a
// uint32_t[3] array. the dicide routine takes this uint32_t[3] array and 
// divides it by a uint32_t returning a uint64_t
inline static void
longmul(uint64_t        *abstime, uint32_t multiplicand, uint32_t *result)
{
    asm volatile(
        " pushl %%ebx                   \n\t"   
        " movl  %%eax,%%ebx             \n\t"
        " movl  (%%eax),%%eax           \n\t"
        " mull  %%ecx                   \n\t"
        " xchg  %%eax,%%ebx             \n\t"
        " pushl %%edx                   \n\t"
        " movl  4(%%eax),%%eax          \n\t"
        " mull  %%ecx                   \n\t"
        " movl  %2,%%ecx                \n\t"
        " movl  %%ebx,(%%ecx)           \n\t"
        " popl  %%ebx                   \n\t"
        " addl  %%ebx,%%eax             \n\t"
        " popl  %%ebx                   \n\t"
        " movl  %%eax,4(%%ecx)          \n\t"
        " adcl  $0,%%edx                \n\t"
        " movl  %%edx,8(%%ecx)  // and save it"
         : : "a"(abstime), "c"(multiplicand), "m"(result));
    
}

inline static uint64_t
longdiv(uint32_t *numer, uint32_t denom)
{
    uint64_t    result;
    asm volatile(
        " pushl %%ebx                   \n\t"
        " movl  %%eax,%%ebx             \n\t"
        " movl  8(%%eax),%%edx          \n\t"
        " movl  4(%%eax),%%eax          \n\t"
        " divl  %%ecx                   \n\t"
        " xchg  %%ebx,%%eax             \n\t"
        " movl  (%%eax),%%eax           \n\t"
        " divl  %%ecx                   \n\t"
        " xchg  %%ebx,%%edx             \n\t"
        " popl  %%ebx                   \n\t"
        : "=A"(result) : "a"(numer),"c"(denom));
    return result;
}

#define PIT_Mode4       0x08            /* turn on mode 4 one shot software trigger */

// Enable or disable timer 2.
inline static void
enable_PIT2()
{
    asm volatile(
        " inb   $97,%%al        \n\t"
        " and   $253,%%al       \n\t"
        " or    $1,%%al         \n\t"
        " outb  %%al,$97        \n\t"
      : : : "%al" );
}

inline static void
disable_PIT2()
{
    asm volatile(
        " inb   $97,%%al        \n\t"
        " and   $253,%%al       \n\t"
        " outb  %%al,$97        \n\t"
        : : : "%al" );
}

// ctimeRDTSC() routine sets up counter 2 to count down 1/20 of a second
// it pauses until the value is latched in the counter
// and then reads the time stamp counter to return to the caller
// utility routine 
// Code to calculate how many processor cycles are in a second...
inline static void
set_PIT2(int value)
{
// first, tell the clock we are going to write 16 bytes to the counter and enable one-shot mode
// then write the two bytes into the clock register.
// loop until the value is "realized" in the clock, this happens on the next tick
//
    asm volatile(
        " movb  $184,%%al       \n\t"
        " outb  %%al,$67        \n\t"
        " movb  %%dl,%%al       \n\t"
        " outb  %%al,$66        \n\t"
        " movb  %%dh,%%al       \n\t"
        " outb  %%al,$66        \n"
"1:       inb   $66,%%al        \n\t" 
        " inb   $66,%%al        \n\t"
        " cmp   %%al,%%dh       \n\t"
        " jne   1b"
         : : "d"(value) : "%al");
}

inline static uint64_t
get_PIT2(unsigned int *value)
{
// this routine first latches the time, then gets the time stamp so we know 
// how long the read will take later. Reads
    register uint64_t   result;
    asm volatile(
        " xorl  %%ecx,%%ecx     \n\t"
        " movb  $128,%%al       \n\t"
        " outb  %%al,$67        \n\t"
        " rdtsc                 \n\t"
        " pushl %%eax           \n\t"
        " inb   $66,%%al        \n\t"
        " movb  %%al,%%cl       \n\t"
        " inb   $66,%%al        \n\t"
        " movb  %%al,%%ch       \n\t"
        " popl  %%eax   "
         : "=A"(result), "=c"(*value));
        return result;
}

static uint32_t
timeRDTSC(void)
{
    uint64_t    latchTime;
    uint64_t    saveTime,intermediate;
    unsigned int timerValue,x;
    boolean_t   int_enabled;
    uint64_t    fact[6] = { 2000011734ll,
                            2000045259ll,
                            2000078785ll,
                            2000112312ll,
                            2000145841ll,
                            2000179371ll};
                            
    int_enabled = ml_set_interrupts_enabled(FALSE);
    
    enable_PIT2();      // turn on PIT2
    set_PIT2(0);        // reset timer 2 to be zero
    latchTime = rdtsc_64();     // get the time stamp to time 
    latchTime = get_PIT2(&timerValue) - latchTime; // time how long this takes
    set_PIT2(59658);    // set up the timer to count 1/20th a second
    saveTime = rdtsc_64();      // now time how ling a 20th a second is...
    get_PIT2(&x);
    do { get_PIT2(&timerValue); x = timerValue;} while (timerValue > x);
    do {
        intermediate = get_PIT2(&timerValue);
        if (timerValue>x) printf("Hey we are going backwards! %d, %d\n",timerValue,x);
        x = timerValue;
    } while ((timerValue != 0) && (timerValue >5));
    printf("Timer value:%d\n",timerValue);
    printf("intermediate 0x%08x:0x%08x\n",intermediate);
    printf("saveTime 0x%08x:0x%08x\n",saveTime);
    
    intermediate = intermediate - saveTime;     // raw # of tsc's it takes for about 1/20 second
    intermediate = intermediate * fact[timerValue]; // actual time spent
    intermediate = intermediate / 2000000000ll; // rescale so its exactly 1/20 a second
    intermediate = intermediate + latchTime; // add on our save fudge
    set_PIT2(0);        // reset timer 2 to be zero
    disable_PIT2(0);    // turn off PIT 2
    ml_set_interrupts_enabled(int_enabled);
    return intermediate;
}

static uint64_t
rdtsctime_to_nanoseconds( void )
{
        uint32_t        numer;
        uint32_t        denom;
        uint64_t        abstime;

        uint32_t        intermediate[3];
        
        numer = rtclock.timebase_const.numer;
        denom = rtclock.timebase_const.denom;
        abstime = rdtsc_64();
        if (denom == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
            abstime = fast_get_nano_from_abs(abstime, numer);
        } else {
            longmul(&abstime, numer, intermediate);
            abstime = longdiv(intermediate, denom);
        }
        return abstime;
}

inline static mach_timespec_t 
rdtsc_to_timespec(void)
{
        uint64_t        currNanos;
        currNanos = rdtsctime_to_nanoseconds();
        return nanos_to_timespec(currNanos);
}

/*
 * Initialize non-zero clock structure values.
 */
void
rtc_setvals(
        unsigned int new_clknum,
        clock_res_t  new_ires
        )
{
    unsigned int timeperclk;
    unsigned int scale0;
    unsigned int scale1;
    unsigned int res;

    clknum = new_clknum;
    rtc_intr_freq = (NSEC_PER_SEC / new_ires);
    rtc_intr_hertz = rtc_intr_freq / HZ;
    clks_per_int = (clknum + (rtc_intr_freq / 2)) / rtc_intr_freq;
    clks_per_int_99 = clks_per_int - clks_per_int/100;

    /*
     * The following calculations are done with scaling integer operations
     * in order that the integer results are accurate to the lsb.
     */
    timeperclk = div_scale(ZANO, clknum, &scale0);      /* 838.105647 nsec */

    time_per_clk = mul_scale(ZHZ, timeperclk, &scale1); /* 83810 */
    if (scale0 > scale1)
        time_per_clk >>= (scale0 - scale1);
    else if (scale0 < scale1)
        panic("rtc_clock: time_per_clk overflow\n");

    /*
     * Notice that rtclock.intr_nsec is signed ==> use unsigned int res
     */
    res = mul_scale(clks_per_int, timeperclk, &scale1); /* 10000276 */
    if (scale0 > scale1)
        rtclock.intr_nsec = res >> (scale0 - scale1);
    else
        panic("rtc_clock: rtclock.intr_nsec overflow\n");

    rtc_intr_count = 1;
    RtcDelt = rtclock.intr_nsec/2;
}

/*
 * Configure the real-time clock device. Return success (1)
 * or failure (0).
 */

int
sysclk_config(void)
{
        int     RtcFlag;
        int     pic;

#if     NCPUS > 1
        mp_disable_preemption();
        if (cpu_number() != master_cpu) {
                mp_enable_preemption();
                return(1);
        }
        mp_enable_preemption();
#endif
        /*
         * Setup device.
         */
        pic = 0;        /* FIXME .. interrupt registration moved to AppleIntelClock */


        /*
         * We should attempt to test the real-time clock
         * device here. If it were to fail, we should panic
         * the system.
         */
        RtcFlag = /* test device */1;
        printf("realtime clock configured\n");

        simple_lock_init(&rtclock.lock, ETAP_NO_TRACE);
        return (RtcFlag);
}

/*
 * Initialize the real-time clock device. Return success (1)
 * or failure (0). Since the real-time clock is required to
 * provide canonical mapped time, we allocate a page to keep
 * the clock time value. In addition, various variables used
 * to support the clock are initialized.  Note: the clock is
 * not started until rtclock_reset is called.
 */
int
sysclk_init(void)
{
        vm_offset_t     *vp;
#if     NCPUS > 1
        mp_disable_preemption();
        if (cpu_number() != master_cpu) {
                mp_enable_preemption();
                return(1);
        }
        mp_enable_preemption();
#endif

        RtcTime = &rtclock.time;
        rtc_setvals( CLKNUM, RTC_MINRES );  /* compute constants */
        rtc_set_cyc_per_sec();  /* compute number of tsc beats per second */
        clock_timebase_init();
        return (1);
}

static volatile unsigned int     last_ival = 0;

/*
 * Get the clock device time. This routine is responsible
 * for converting the device's machine dependent time value
 * into a canonical mach_timespec_t value.
 */
kern_return_t
sysclk_gettime(
        mach_timespec_t *cur_time)      /* OUT */
{
        if (!RtcTime) {
                /* Uninitialized */
                cur_time->tv_nsec = 0;
                cur_time->tv_sec = 0;
                return (KERN_SUCCESS);
        }

        *cur_time = rdtsc_to_timespec();
        return (KERN_SUCCESS);
}

kern_return_t
sysclk_gettime_internal(
        mach_timespec_t *cur_time)      /* OUT */
{
        if (!RtcTime) {
                /* Uninitialized */
                cur_time->tv_nsec = 0;
                cur_time->tv_sec = 0;
                return (KERN_SUCCESS);
        }
        *cur_time = rdtsc_to_timespec();
        return (KERN_SUCCESS);
}

/*
 * Get the clock device time when ALL interrupts are already disabled.
 * Same as above except for turning interrupts off and on.
 * This routine is responsible for converting the device's machine dependent
 * time value into a canonical mach_timespec_t value.
 */
void
sysclk_gettime_interrupts_disabled(
        mach_timespec_t *cur_time)      /* OUT */
{
        if (!RtcTime) {
                /* Uninitialized */
                cur_time->tv_nsec = 0;
                cur_time->tv_sec = 0;
                return;
        }
        *cur_time = rdtsc_to_timespec();
}

// utility routine 
// Code to calculate how many processor cycles are in a second...

static void
rtc_set_cyc_per_sec() 
{

        uint32_t twen_cycles;
        uint32_t cycles;

        twen_cycles = timeRDTSC();
        if (twen_cycles> (1000000000/20)) {
            // we create this value so that you can use just a "fast" multiply to get nanos
            rtc_quant_scale = create_mul_quant_GHZ(twen_cycles);
            rtclock.timebase_const.numer = rtc_quant_scale;     // because ctimeRDTSC gives us 1/20 a seconds worth
            rtclock.timebase_const.denom = 0xffffffff;  // so that nanoseconds = (TSC * numer) / denom
        
        } else {
            rtclock.timebase_const.numer = 1000000000/20;       // because ctimeRDTSC gives us 1/20 a seconds worth
            rtclock.timebase_const.denom = twen_cycles; // so that nanoseconds = (TSC * numer) / denom
        }
        cycles = twen_cycles;           // number of cycles in 1/20th a second
        rtc_cyc_per_sec = cycles*20;    // multiply it by 20 and we are done.. BUT we also want to calculate...

        cycles = ((rtc_cyc_per_sec + UI_CPUFREQ_ROUNDING_FACTOR - 1) / UI_CPUFREQ_ROUNDING_FACTOR) * UI_CPUFREQ_ROUNDING_FACTOR;
        gPEClockFrequencyInfo.cpu_clock_rate_hz = cycles;
DISPLAYVALUE(rtc_set_cyc_per_sec,rtc_cyc_per_sec);
DISPLAYEXIT(rtc_set_cyc_per_sec);
}

void
clock_get_system_microtime(
        uint32_t                        *secs,
        uint32_t                        *microsecs)
{
        mach_timespec_t         now;

        sysclk_gettime(&now);

        *secs = now.tv_sec;
        *microsecs = now.tv_nsec / NSEC_PER_USEC;
}

void
clock_get_system_nanotime(
        uint32_t                        *secs,
        uint32_t                        *nanosecs)
{
        mach_timespec_t         now;

        sysclk_gettime(&now);

        *secs = now.tv_sec;
        *nanosecs = now.tv_nsec;
}

/*
 * Get clock device attributes.
 */
kern_return_t
sysclk_getattr(
        clock_flavor_t          flavor,
        clock_attr_t            attr,           /* OUT */
        mach_msg_type_number_t  *count)         /* IN/OUT */
{
        spl_t   s;

        if (*count != 1)
                return (KERN_FAILURE);
        switch (flavor) {

        case CLOCK_GET_TIME_RES:        /* >0 res */
#if     (NCPUS == 1)
                LOCK_RTC(s);
                *(clock_res_t *) attr = 1000;
                UNLOCK_RTC(s);
                break;
#endif  /* (NCPUS == 1) */
        case CLOCK_ALARM_CURRES:        /* =0 no alarm */
                LOCK_RTC(s);
                *(clock_res_t *) attr = rtclock.intr_nsec;
                UNLOCK_RTC(s);
                break;

        case CLOCK_ALARM_MAXRES:
                *(clock_res_t *) attr = RTC_MAXRES;
                break;

        case CLOCK_ALARM_MINRES:
                *(clock_res_t *) attr = RTC_MINRES;
                break;

        default:
                return (KERN_INVALID_VALUE);
        }
        return (KERN_SUCCESS);
}

/*
 * Set clock device attributes.
 */
kern_return_t
sysclk_setattr(
        clock_flavor_t          flavor,
        clock_attr_t            attr,           /* IN */
        mach_msg_type_number_t  count)          /* IN */
{
        spl_t           s;
        int             freq;
        int             adj;
        clock_res_t     new_ires;

        if (count != 1)
                return (KERN_FAILURE);
        switch (flavor) {

        case CLOCK_GET_TIME_RES:
        case CLOCK_ALARM_MAXRES:
        case CLOCK_ALARM_MINRES:
                return (KERN_FAILURE);

        case CLOCK_ALARM_CURRES:
                new_ires = *(clock_res_t *) attr;

                /*
                 * The new resolution must be within the predetermined
                 * range.  If the desired resolution cannot be achieved
                 * to within 0.1%, an error is returned.
                 */
                if (new_ires < RTC_MAXRES || new_ires > RTC_MINRES)
                        return (KERN_INVALID_VALUE);
                freq = (NSEC_PER_SEC / new_ires);
                adj = (((clknum % freq) * new_ires) / clknum);
                if (adj > (new_ires / 1000))
                        return (KERN_INVALID_VALUE);
                /*
                 * Record the new alarm resolution which will take effect
                 * on the next HZ aligned clock tick.
                 */
                LOCK_RTC(s);
                if ( freq != rtc_intr_freq ) {
                    rtclock.new_ires = new_ires;
                    new_clknum = clknum;
                }
                UNLOCK_RTC(s);
                return (KERN_SUCCESS);

        default:
                return (KERN_INVALID_VALUE);
        }
}

/*
 * Set next alarm time for the clock device. This call
 * always resets the time to deliver an alarm for the
 * clock.
 */
void
sysclk_setalarm(
        mach_timespec_t *alarm_time)
{
        spl_t           s;

        LOCK_RTC(s);
        rtclock.alarm_time = *alarm_time;
        RtcAlrm = &rtclock.alarm_time;
        UNLOCK_RTC(s);
}

/*
 * Configure the calendar clock.
 */
int
calend_config(void)
{
        return bbc_config();
}

/*
 * Initialize calendar clock.
 */
int
calend_init(void)
{
        return (1);
}

/*
 * Get the current clock time.
 */
kern_return_t
calend_gettime(
        mach_timespec_t *cur_time)      /* OUT */
{
        spl_t           s;

        LOCK_RTC(s);
        if (!rtclock.calend_is_set) {
                UNLOCK_RTC(s);
                return (KERN_FAILURE);
        }

        (void) sysclk_gettime_internal(cur_time);
        ADD_MACH_TIMESPEC(cur_time, &rtclock.calend_offset);
        UNLOCK_RTC(s);

        return (KERN_SUCCESS);
}

void
clock_get_calendar_microtime(
        uint32_t                        *secs,
        uint32_t                        *microsecs)
{
        mach_timespec_t         now;

        calend_gettime(&now);

        *secs = now.tv_sec;
        *microsecs = now.tv_nsec / NSEC_PER_USEC;
}

void
clock_get_calendar_nanotime(
        uint32_t                        *secs,
        uint32_t                        *nanosecs)
{
        mach_timespec_t         now;

        calend_gettime(&now);

        *secs = now.tv_sec;
        *nanosecs = now.tv_nsec;
}

void
clock_set_calendar_microtime(
        uint32_t                        secs,
        uint32_t                        microsecs)
{
        mach_timespec_t         new_time, curr_time;
        spl_t           s;

        LOCK_RTC(s);
        (void) sysclk_gettime_internal(&curr_time);
        rtclock.calend_offset.tv_sec = new_time.tv_sec = secs;
        rtclock.calend_offset.tv_nsec = new_time.tv_nsec = microsecs * NSEC_PER_USEC;
        SUB_MACH_TIMESPEC(&rtclock.calend_offset, &curr_time);
        rtclock.calend_is_set = TRUE;
        UNLOCK_RTC(s);

        (void) bbc_settime(&new_time);

        host_notify_calendar_change();
}

/*
 * Get clock device attributes.
 */
kern_return_t
calend_getattr(
        clock_flavor_t          flavor,
        clock_attr_t            attr,           /* OUT */
        mach_msg_type_number_t  *count)         /* IN/OUT */
{
        spl_t   s;

        if (*count != 1)
                return (KERN_FAILURE);
        switch (flavor) {

        case CLOCK_GET_TIME_RES:        /* >0 res */
#if     (NCPUS == 1)
                LOCK_RTC(s);
                *(clock_res_t *) attr = 1000;
                UNLOCK_RTC(s);
                break;
#else   /* (NCPUS == 1) */
                LOCK_RTC(s);
                *(clock_res_t *) attr = rtclock.intr_nsec;
                UNLOCK_RTC(s);
                break;
#endif  /* (NCPUS == 1) */

        case CLOCK_ALARM_CURRES:        /* =0 no alarm */
        case CLOCK_ALARM_MINRES:
        case CLOCK_ALARM_MAXRES:
                *(clock_res_t *) attr = 0;
                break;

        default:
                return (KERN_INVALID_VALUE);
        }
        return (KERN_SUCCESS);
}

#define tickadj         (40*NSEC_PER_USEC)      /* "standard" skew, ns / tick */
#define bigadj          (NSEC_PER_SEC)          /* use 10x skew above bigadj ns */

uint32_t
clock_set_calendar_adjtime(
        int32_t                         *secs,
        int32_t                         *microsecs)
{
        int64_t                 total, ototal;
        uint32_t                interval = 0;
        spl_t                   s;

        total = (int64_t)*secs * NSEC_PER_SEC + *microsecs * NSEC_PER_USEC;

        LOCK_RTC(s);
        ototal = rtclock.calend_adjtotal;

        if (total != 0) {
                int32_t         delta = tickadj;

                if (total > 0) {
                        if (total > bigadj)
                                delta *= 10;
                        if (delta > total)
                                delta = total;
                }
                else {
                        if (total < -bigadj)
                                delta *= 10;
                        delta = -delta;
                        if (delta < total)
                                delta = total;
                }

                rtclock.calend_adjtotal = total;
                rtclock.calend_adjdelta = delta;

                interval = (NSEC_PER_SEC / HZ);
        }
        else
                rtclock.calend_adjdelta = rtclock.calend_adjtotal = 0;

        UNLOCK_RTC(s);

        if (ototal == 0)
                *secs = *microsecs = 0;
        else {
                *secs = ototal / NSEC_PER_SEC;
                *microsecs = ototal % NSEC_PER_SEC;
        }

        return (interval);
}

uint32_t
clock_adjust_calendar(void)
{
        uint32_t                interval = 0;
        int32_t                 delta;
        spl_t                   s;

        LOCK_RTC(s);
        delta = rtclock.calend_adjdelta;
        ADD_MACH_TIMESPEC_NSEC(&rtclock.calend_offset, delta);

        rtclock.calend_adjtotal -= delta;

        if (delta > 0) {
                if (delta > rtclock.calend_adjtotal)
                        rtclock.calend_adjdelta = rtclock.calend_adjtotal;
        }
        else
        if (delta < 0) {
                if (delta < rtclock.calend_adjtotal)
                        rtclock.calend_adjdelta = rtclock.calend_adjtotal;
        }

        if (rtclock.calend_adjdelta != 0)
                interval = (NSEC_PER_SEC / HZ);

        UNLOCK_RTC(s);

        return (interval);
}

void
clock_initialize_calendar(void)
{
        mach_timespec_t bbc_time, curr_time;
        spl_t           s;

        if (bbc_gettime(&bbc_time) != KERN_SUCCESS)
                return;

        LOCK_RTC(s);
        if (!rtclock.calend_is_set) {
                (void) sysclk_gettime_internal(&curr_time);
                rtclock.calend_offset = bbc_time;
                SUB_MACH_TIMESPEC(&rtclock.calend_offset, &curr_time);
                rtclock.calend_is_set = TRUE;
        }
        UNLOCK_RTC(s);

        host_notify_calendar_change();
}

void
clock_timebase_info(
        mach_timebase_info_t    info)
{
        spl_t   s;

        LOCK_RTC(s);
        if (rtclock.timebase_const.denom == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
                info->numer = info->denom = rtc_quant_scale;
        } else {
                info->numer = info->denom = 1;
        }
        UNLOCK_RTC(s);
}       

void
clock_set_timer_deadline(
        uint64_t                        deadline)
{
        spl_t                   s;

        LOCK_RTC(s);
        rtclock.timer_deadline = deadline;
        rtclock.timer_is_set = TRUE;
        UNLOCK_RTC(s);
}

void
clock_set_timer_func(
        clock_timer_func_t              func)
{
        spl_t           s;

        LOCK_RTC(s);
        if (rtclock.timer_expire == NULL)
                rtclock.timer_expire = func;
        UNLOCK_RTC(s);
}

\f

/*
 * Load the count register and start the clock.
 */
#define RTCLOCK_RESET() {                                       \
        outb(PITCTL_PORT, PIT_C0|PIT_NDIVMODE|PIT_READMODE);    \
        outb(PITCTR0_PORT, (clks_per_int & 0xff));              \
        outb(PITCTR0_PORT, (clks_per_int >> 8));                \
}

/*
 * Reset the clock device. This causes the realtime clock
 * device to reload its mode and count value (frequency).
 * Note: the CPU should be calibrated
 * before starting the clock for the first time.
 */

void
rtclock_reset(void)
{
        int             s;

#if     NCPUS > 1
        mp_disable_preemption();
        if (cpu_number() != master_cpu) {
                mp_enable_preemption();
                return;
        }
        mp_enable_preemption();
#endif  /* NCPUS > 1 */
        LOCK_RTC(s);
        RTCLOCK_RESET();
        UNLOCK_RTC(s);
}

/*
 * Real-time clock device interrupt. Called only on the
 * master processor. Updates the clock time and upcalls
 * into the higher level clock code to deliver alarms.
 */
int
rtclock_intr(struct i386_interrupt_state *regs)
{
        uint64_t        abstime;
        mach_timespec_t clock_time;
        int             i;
        spl_t           s;
        boolean_t       usermode;

        /*
         * Update clock time. Do the update so that the macro
         * MTS_TO_TS() for reading the mapped time works (e.g.
         * update in order: mtv_csec, mtv_time.tv_nsec, mtv_time.tv_sec).
         */      
        LOCK_RTC(s);
        abstime = rdtsctime_to_nanoseconds();           // get the time as of the TSC
        clock_time = nanos_to_timespec(abstime);        // turn it into a timespec
        rtclock.time.tv_nsec = clock_time.tv_nsec;
        rtclock.time.tv_sec = clock_time.tv_sec;
        rtclock.abstime = abstime;
        
        /* note time now up to date */
        last_ival = 0;

        /*
         * On a HZ-tick boundary: return 0 and adjust the clock
         * alarm resolution (if requested).  Otherwise return a
         * non-zero value.
         */
        if ((i = --rtc_intr_count) == 0) {
            if (rtclock.new_ires) {
                        rtc_setvals(new_clknum, rtclock.new_ires);
                        RTCLOCK_RESET();            /* lock clock register */
                        rtclock.new_ires = 0;
            }
            rtc_intr_count = rtc_intr_hertz;
            UNLOCK_RTC(s);
            usermode = (regs->efl & EFL_VM) || ((regs->cs & 0x03) != 0);
            hertz_tick(usermode, regs->eip);
            LOCK_RTC(s);
        }

        if (    rtclock.timer_is_set                            &&
                        rtclock.timer_deadline <= abstime               ) {
                rtclock.timer_is_set = FALSE;
                UNLOCK_RTC(s);

                (*rtclock.timer_expire)(abstime);

                LOCK_RTC(s);
        }

        /*
         * Perform alarm clock processing if needed. The time
         * passed up is incremented by a half-interrupt tick
         * to trigger alarms closest to their desired times.
         * The clock_alarm_intr() routine calls sysclk_setalrm()
         * before returning if later alarms are pending.
         */

        if (RtcAlrm && (RtcAlrm->tv_sec < RtcTime->tv_sec ||
                        (RtcAlrm->tv_sec == RtcTime->tv_sec &&
                         RtcDelt >= RtcAlrm->tv_nsec - RtcTime->tv_nsec))) {
                clock_time.tv_sec = 0;
                clock_time.tv_nsec = RtcDelt;
                ADD_MACH_TIMESPEC (&clock_time, RtcTime);
                RtcAlrm = 0;
                UNLOCK_RTC(s);
                /*
                 * Call clock_alarm_intr() without RTC-lock.
                 * The lock ordering is always CLOCK-lock
                 * before RTC-lock.
                 */
                clock_alarm_intr(SYSTEM_CLOCK, &clock_time);
                LOCK_RTC(s);
        }

        UNLOCK_RTC(s);
        return (i);
}

void
clock_get_uptime(
        uint64_t                *result)
{
        *result = rdtsctime_to_nanoseconds();
}

uint64_t
mach_absolute_time(void)
{
        return rdtsctime_to_nanoseconds();
}

void
clock_interval_to_deadline(
        uint32_t                interval,
        uint32_t                scale_factor,
        uint64_t                *result)
{
        uint64_t                abstime;

        clock_get_uptime(result);

        clock_interval_to_absolutetime_interval(interval, scale_factor, &abstime);

        *result += abstime;
}

void
clock_interval_to_absolutetime_interval(
        uint32_t                interval,
        uint32_t                scale_factor,
        uint64_t                *result)
{
        *result = (uint64_t)interval * scale_factor;
}

void
clock_absolutetime_interval_to_deadline(
        uint64_t                abstime,
        uint64_t                *result)
{
        clock_get_uptime(result);

        *result += abstime;
}

void
absolutetime_to_nanoseconds(
        uint64_t                abstime,
        uint64_t                *result)
{
        *result = abstime;
}

void
nanoseconds_to_absolutetime(
        uint64_t                nanoseconds,
        uint64_t                *result)
{
        *result = nanoseconds;
}

/*
 * Spin-loop delay primitives.
 */
void
delay_for_interval(
        uint32_t                interval,
        uint32_t                scale_factor)
{
        uint64_t                now, end;

        clock_interval_to_deadline(interval, scale_factor, &end);

        do {
                cpu_pause();
                now = mach_absolute_time();
        } while (now < end);
}

void
clock_delay_until(
        uint64_t                deadline)
{
        uint64_t                now;

        do {
                cpu_pause();
                now = mach_absolute_time();
        } while (now < deadline);
}

void
delay(
        int             usec)
{
        delay_for_interval((usec < 0)? -usec: usec, NSEC_PER_USEC);
}