xnu-344.tar.gz

[apple/xnu.git] / bsd / netinet6 / nd6_rtr.c

/*      $FreeBSD: src/sys/netinet6/nd6_rtr.c,v 1.2.2.3 2001/07/03 11:01:54 ume Exp $    */
/*      $KAME: nd6_rtr.c,v 1.111 2001/04/27 01:37:15 jinmei Exp $       */

/*
 * Copyright (C) 1995, 1996, 1997, and 1998 WIDE Project.
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. Neither the name of the project nor the names of its contributors
 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 *    without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE PROJECT AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE PROJECT OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 */


#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/systm.h>
#include <sys/malloc.h>
#include <sys/mbuf.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/sockio.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/kernel.h>
#include <sys/errno.h>
#include <sys/syslog.h>
#include <sys/queue.h>

#include <net/if.h>
#include <net/if_types.h>
#include <net/if_dl.h>
#include <net/route.h>
#include <net/radix.h>

#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netinet6/in6_var.h>
#include <netinet6/in6_ifattach.h>
#include <netinet/ip6.h>
#include <netinet6/ip6_var.h>
#include <netinet6/nd6.h>
#include <netinet/icmp6.h>
#include <netinet6/scope6_var.h>

#include <net/net_osdep.h>

#define SDL(s)  ((struct sockaddr_dl *)s)

static struct nd_defrouter *defrtrlist_update __P((struct nd_defrouter *));
static struct in6_ifaddr *in6_ifadd __P((struct nd_prefix *,
        struct in6_addr *));
static struct nd_pfxrouter *pfxrtr_lookup __P((struct nd_prefix *,
        struct nd_defrouter *));
static void pfxrtr_add __P((struct nd_prefix *, struct nd_defrouter *));
static void pfxrtr_del __P((struct nd_pfxrouter *));
static struct nd_pfxrouter *find_pfxlist_reachable_router
        __P((struct nd_prefix *));
static void defrouter_addifreq __P((struct ifnet *));
static void nd6_rtmsg __P((int, struct rtentry *));

static void in6_init_address_ltimes __P((struct nd_prefix *ndpr,
                                         struct in6_addrlifetime *lt6));

static int rt6_deleteroute __P((struct radix_node *, void *));

extern int nd6_recalc_reachtm_interval;

static struct ifnet *nd6_defifp;
int nd6_defifindex;

int ip6_use_tempaddr = 0;

int ip6_desync_factor;
u_int32_t ip6_temp_preferred_lifetime = DEF_TEMP_PREFERRED_LIFETIME;
u_int32_t ip6_temp_valid_lifetime = DEF_TEMP_VALID_LIFETIME;
/*
 * shorter lifetimes for debugging purposes.
int ip6_temp_preferred_lifetime = 800;
static int ip6_temp_valid_lifetime = 1800;
*/
int ip6_temp_regen_advance = TEMPADDR_REGEN_ADVANCE;

/*
 * Receive Router Solicitation Message - just for routers.
 * Router solicitation/advertisement is mostly managed by userland program
 * (rtadvd) so here we have no function like nd6_ra_output().
 *
 * Based on RFC 2461
 */
void
nd6_rs_input(m, off, icmp6len)
        struct  mbuf *m;
        int off, icmp6len;
{
        struct ifnet *ifp = m->m_pkthdr.rcvif;
        struct ip6_hdr *ip6 = mtod(m, struct ip6_hdr *);
        struct nd_router_solicit *nd_rs;
        struct in6_addr saddr6 = ip6->ip6_src;
#if 0
        struct in6_addr daddr6 = ip6->ip6_dst;
#endif
        char *lladdr = NULL;
        int lladdrlen = 0;
#if 0
        struct sockaddr_dl *sdl = (struct sockaddr_dl *)NULL;
        struct llinfo_nd6 *ln = (struct llinfo_nd6 *)NULL;
        struct rtentry *rt = NULL;
        int is_newentry;
#endif
        union nd_opts ndopts;

        /* If I'm not a router, ignore it. */
        if (ip6_accept_rtadv != 0 || ip6_forwarding != 1)
                goto freeit;

        /* Sanity checks */
        if (ip6->ip6_hlim != 255) {
                nd6log((LOG_ERR,
                    "nd6_rs_input: invalid hlim (%d) from %s to %s on %s\n",
                    ip6->ip6_hlim, ip6_sprintf(&ip6->ip6_src),
                    ip6_sprintf(&ip6->ip6_dst), if_name(ifp)));
                goto bad;
        }

        /*
         * Don't update the neighbor cache, if src = ::.
         * This indicates that the src has no IP address assigned yet.
         */
        if (IN6_IS_ADDR_UNSPECIFIED(&saddr6))
                goto freeit;

#ifndef PULLDOWN_TEST
        IP6_EXTHDR_CHECK(m, off, icmp6len,);
        nd_rs = (struct nd_router_solicit *)((caddr_t)ip6 + off);
#else
        IP6_EXTHDR_GET(nd_rs, struct nd_router_solicit *, m, off, icmp6len);
        if (nd_rs == NULL) {
                icmp6stat.icp6s_tooshort++;
                return;
        }
#endif

        icmp6len -= sizeof(*nd_rs);
        nd6_option_init(nd_rs + 1, icmp6len, &ndopts);
        if (nd6_options(&ndopts) < 0) {
                nd6log((LOG_INFO,
                    "nd6_rs_input: invalid ND option, ignored\n"));
                /* nd6_options have incremented stats */
                goto freeit;
        }

        if (ndopts.nd_opts_src_lladdr) {
                lladdr = (char *)(ndopts.nd_opts_src_lladdr + 1);
                lladdrlen = ndopts.nd_opts_src_lladdr->nd_opt_len << 3;
        }

        if (lladdr && ((ifp->if_addrlen + 2 + 7) & ~7) != lladdrlen) {
                nd6log((LOG_INFO,
                    "nd6_rs_input: lladdrlen mismatch for %s "
                    "(if %d, RS packet %d)\n",
                        ip6_sprintf(&saddr6), ifp->if_addrlen, lladdrlen - 2));
                goto bad;
        }

        nd6_cache_lladdr(ifp, &saddr6, lladdr, lladdrlen, ND_ROUTER_SOLICIT, 0);

 freeit:
        m_freem(m);
        return;

 bad:
        icmp6stat.icp6s_badrs++;
        m_freem(m);
}

/*
 * Receive Router Advertisement Message.
 *
 * Based on RFC 2461
 * TODO: on-link bit on prefix information
 * TODO: ND_RA_FLAG_{OTHER,MANAGED} processing
 */
void
nd6_ra_input(m, off, icmp6len)
        struct  mbuf *m;
        int off, icmp6len;
{
        struct ifnet *ifp = m->m_pkthdr.rcvif;
        struct nd_ifinfo *ndi = &nd_ifinfo[ifp->if_index];
        struct ip6_hdr *ip6 = mtod(m, struct ip6_hdr *);
        struct nd_router_advert *nd_ra;
        struct in6_addr saddr6 = ip6->ip6_src;
#if 0
        struct in6_addr daddr6 = ip6->ip6_dst;
        int flags; /* = nd_ra->nd_ra_flags_reserved; */
        int is_managed = ((flags & ND_RA_FLAG_MANAGED) != 0);
        int is_other = ((flags & ND_RA_FLAG_OTHER) != 0);
#endif
        union nd_opts ndopts;
        struct nd_defrouter *dr;

        if (ip6_accept_rtadv == 0)
                goto freeit;

        if (ip6->ip6_hlim != 255) {
                nd6log((LOG_ERR,
                    "nd6_ra_input: invalid hlim (%d) from %s to %s on %s\n",
                    ip6->ip6_hlim, ip6_sprintf(&ip6->ip6_src),
                    ip6_sprintf(&ip6->ip6_dst), if_name(ifp)));
                goto bad;
        }

        if (!IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL(&saddr6)) {
                nd6log((LOG_ERR,
                    "nd6_ra_input: src %s is not link-local\n",
                    ip6_sprintf(&saddr6)));
                goto bad;
        }

#ifndef PULLDOWN_TEST
        IP6_EXTHDR_CHECK(m, off, icmp6len,);
        nd_ra = (struct nd_router_advert *)((caddr_t)ip6 + off);
#else
        IP6_EXTHDR_GET(nd_ra, struct nd_router_advert *, m, off, icmp6len);
        if (nd_ra == NULL) {
                icmp6stat.icp6s_tooshort++;
                return;
        }
#endif

        icmp6len -= sizeof(*nd_ra);
        nd6_option_init(nd_ra + 1, icmp6len, &ndopts);
        if (nd6_options(&ndopts) < 0) {
                nd6log((LOG_INFO,
                    "nd6_ra_input: invalid ND option, ignored\n"));
                /* nd6_options have incremented stats */
                goto freeit;
        }

    {
        struct nd_defrouter dr0;
        u_int32_t advreachable = nd_ra->nd_ra_reachable;

        dr0.rtaddr = saddr6;
        dr0.flags  = nd_ra->nd_ra_flags_reserved;
        dr0.rtlifetime = ntohs(nd_ra->nd_ra_router_lifetime);
        dr0.expire = time_second + dr0.rtlifetime;
        dr0.ifp = ifp;
        dr0.advint = 0;         /* Mobile IPv6 */
        dr0.advint_expire = 0;  /* Mobile IPv6 */
        dr0.advints_lost = 0;   /* Mobile IPv6 */
        /* unspecified or not? (RFC 2461 6.3.4) */
        if (advreachable) {
                NTOHL(advreachable);
                if (advreachable <= MAX_REACHABLE_TIME &&
                    ndi->basereachable != advreachable) {
                        ndi->basereachable = advreachable;
                        ndi->reachable = ND_COMPUTE_RTIME(ndi->basereachable);
                        ndi->recalctm = nd6_recalc_reachtm_interval; /* reset */
                }
        }
        if (nd_ra->nd_ra_retransmit)
                ndi->retrans = ntohl(nd_ra->nd_ra_retransmit);
        if (nd_ra->nd_ra_curhoplimit)
                ndi->chlim = nd_ra->nd_ra_curhoplimit;
        dr = defrtrlist_update(&dr0);
    }

        /*
         * prefix
         */
        if (ndopts.nd_opts_pi) {
                struct nd_opt_hdr *pt;
                struct nd_opt_prefix_info *pi = NULL;
                struct nd_prefix pr;

                for (pt = (struct nd_opt_hdr *)ndopts.nd_opts_pi;
                     pt <= (struct nd_opt_hdr *)ndopts.nd_opts_pi_end;
                     pt = (struct nd_opt_hdr *)((caddr_t)pt +
                                                (pt->nd_opt_len << 3))) {
                        if (pt->nd_opt_type != ND_OPT_PREFIX_INFORMATION)
                                continue;
                        pi = (struct nd_opt_prefix_info *)pt;

                        if (pi->nd_opt_pi_len != 4) {
                                nd6log((LOG_INFO,
                                    "nd6_ra_input: invalid option "
                                    "len %d for prefix information option, "
                                    "ignored\n", pi->nd_opt_pi_len));
                                continue;
                        }

                        if (128 < pi->nd_opt_pi_prefix_len) {
                                nd6log((LOG_INFO,
                                    "nd6_ra_input: invalid prefix "
                                    "len %d for prefix information option, "
                                    "ignored\n", pi->nd_opt_pi_prefix_len));
                                continue;
                        }

                        if (IN6_IS_ADDR_MULTICAST(&pi->nd_opt_pi_prefix)
                         || IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL(&pi->nd_opt_pi_prefix)) {
                                nd6log((LOG_INFO,
                                    "nd6_ra_input: invalid prefix "
                                    "%s, ignored\n",
                                    ip6_sprintf(&pi->nd_opt_pi_prefix)));
                                continue;
                        }

                        /* aggregatable unicast address, rfc2374 */
                        if ((pi->nd_opt_pi_prefix.s6_addr8[0] & 0xe0) == 0x20
                         && pi->nd_opt_pi_prefix_len != 64) {
                                nd6log((LOG_INFO,
                                    "nd6_ra_input: invalid prefixlen "
                                    "%d for rfc2374 prefix %s, ignored\n",
                                    pi->nd_opt_pi_prefix_len,
                                    ip6_sprintf(&pi->nd_opt_pi_prefix)));
                                continue;
                        }

                        bzero(&pr, sizeof(pr));
                        pr.ndpr_prefix.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
                        pr.ndpr_prefix.sin6_len = sizeof(pr.ndpr_prefix);
                        pr.ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr = pi->nd_opt_pi_prefix;
                        pr.ndpr_ifp = (struct ifnet *)m->m_pkthdr.rcvif;

                        pr.ndpr_raf_onlink = (pi->nd_opt_pi_flags_reserved &
                                              ND_OPT_PI_FLAG_ONLINK) ? 1 : 0;
                        pr.ndpr_raf_auto = (pi->nd_opt_pi_flags_reserved &
                                            ND_OPT_PI_FLAG_AUTO) ? 1 : 0;
                        pr.ndpr_plen = pi->nd_opt_pi_prefix_len;
                        pr.ndpr_vltime = ntohl(pi->nd_opt_pi_valid_time);
                        pr.ndpr_pltime =
                                ntohl(pi->nd_opt_pi_preferred_time);

                        if (in6_init_prefix_ltimes(&pr))
                                continue; /* prefix lifetime init failed */

                        (void)prelist_update(&pr, dr, m);
                }
        }

        /*
         * MTU
         */
        if (ndopts.nd_opts_mtu && ndopts.nd_opts_mtu->nd_opt_mtu_len == 1) {
                u_int32_t mtu = ntohl(ndopts.nd_opts_mtu->nd_opt_mtu_mtu);

                /* lower bound */
                if (mtu < IPV6_MMTU) {
                        nd6log((LOG_INFO, "nd6_ra_input: bogus mtu option "
                            "mtu=%d sent from %s, ignoring\n",
                            mtu, ip6_sprintf(&ip6->ip6_src)));
                        goto skip;
                }

                /* upper bound */
                if (ndi->maxmtu) {
                        if (mtu <= ndi->maxmtu) {
                                int change = (ndi->linkmtu != mtu);

                                ndi->linkmtu = mtu;
                                if (change) /* in6_maxmtu may change */
                                        in6_setmaxmtu();
                        } else {
                                nd6log((LOG_INFO, "nd6_ra_input: bogus mtu "
                                    "mtu=%d sent from %s; "
                                    "exceeds maxmtu %d, ignoring\n",
                                    mtu, ip6_sprintf(&ip6->ip6_src),
                                    ndi->maxmtu));
                        }
                } else {
                        nd6log((LOG_INFO, "nd6_ra_input: mtu option "
                            "mtu=%d sent from %s; maxmtu unknown, "
                            "ignoring\n",
                            mtu, ip6_sprintf(&ip6->ip6_src)));
                }
        }

 skip:
        
        /*
         * Src linkaddress
         */
    {
        char *lladdr = NULL;
        int lladdrlen = 0;
        
        if (ndopts.nd_opts_src_lladdr) {
                lladdr = (char *)(ndopts.nd_opts_src_lladdr + 1);
                lladdrlen = ndopts.nd_opts_src_lladdr->nd_opt_len << 3;
        }

        if (lladdr && ((ifp->if_addrlen + 2 + 7) & ~7) != lladdrlen) {
                nd6log((LOG_INFO,
                    "nd6_ra_input: lladdrlen mismatch for %s "
                    "(if %d, RA packet %d)\n",
                        ip6_sprintf(&saddr6), ifp->if_addrlen, lladdrlen - 2));
                goto bad;
        }

        nd6_cache_lladdr(ifp, &saddr6, lladdr, lladdrlen, ND_ROUTER_ADVERT, 0);

        /*
         * Installing a link-layer address might change the state of the
         * router's neighbor cache, which might also affect our on-link
         * detection of adveritsed prefixes.
         */
        pfxlist_onlink_check();
    }

 freeit:
        m_freem(m);
        return;

 bad:
        icmp6stat.icp6s_badra++;
        m_freem(m);
}

/*
 * default router list proccessing sub routines
 */

/* tell the change to user processes watching the routing socket. */
static void
nd6_rtmsg(cmd, rt)
        int cmd;
        struct rtentry *rt;
{
        struct rt_addrinfo info;

        bzero((caddr_t)&info, sizeof(info));
        info.rti_info[RTAX_DST] = rt_key(rt);
        info.rti_info[RTAX_GATEWAY] = rt->rt_gateway;
        info.rti_info[RTAX_NETMASK] = rt_mask(rt);
        info.rti_info[RTAX_IFP] =
                (struct sockaddr *)TAILQ_FIRST(&rt->rt_ifp->if_addrlist);
        info.rti_info[RTAX_IFA] = rt->rt_ifa->ifa_addr;

        rt_missmsg(cmd, &info, rt->rt_flags, 0);
}

void
defrouter_addreq(new)
        struct nd_defrouter *new;
{
        struct sockaddr_in6 def, mask, gate;
        struct rtentry *newrt = NULL;
        int s;

        Bzero(&def, sizeof(def));
        Bzero(&mask, sizeof(mask));
        Bzero(&gate, sizeof(gate));

        def.sin6_len = mask.sin6_len = gate.sin6_len
                = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
        def.sin6_family = mask.sin6_family = gate.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
        gate.sin6_addr = new->rtaddr;

        s = splnet();
        (void)rtrequest(RTM_ADD, (struct sockaddr *)&def,
                (struct sockaddr *)&gate, (struct sockaddr *)&mask,
                RTF_GATEWAY, &newrt);
        if (newrt) {
                nd6_rtmsg(RTM_ADD, newrt); /* tell user process */
                rtunref(newrt);
        }
        splx(s);
        return;
}

/* Add a route to a given interface as default */
void
defrouter_addifreq(ifp)
        struct ifnet *ifp;
{
        struct sockaddr_in6 def, mask;
        struct ifaddr *ifa;
        struct rtentry *newrt = NULL;
        int error, flags;

        bzero(&def, sizeof(def));
        bzero(&mask, sizeof(mask));

        def.sin6_len = mask.sin6_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
        def.sin6_family = mask.sin6_family = AF_INET6;

        /*
         * Search for an ifaddr beloging to the specified interface.
         * XXX: An IPv6 address are required to be assigned on the interface.
         */
        if ((ifa = ifaof_ifpforaddr((struct sockaddr *)&def, ifp)) == NULL) {
                nd6log((LOG_ERR,        /* better error? */
                    "defrouter_addifreq: failed to find an ifaddr "
                    "to install a route to interface %s\n",
                    if_name(ifp)));
                return;
        }

        flags = ifa->ifa_flags;
        error = rtrequest(RTM_ADD, (struct sockaddr *)&def, ifa->ifa_addr,
                          (struct sockaddr *)&mask, flags, &newrt);
        if (error != 0) {
                nd6log((LOG_ERR,
                    "defrouter_addifreq: failed to install a route to "
                    "interface %s (errno = %d)\n",
                    if_name(ifp), error));

                if (newrt)      /* maybe unnecessary, but do it for safety */
                        rtunref(newrt);
        } else {
                if (newrt) {
                        nd6_rtmsg(RTM_ADD, newrt);
                        rtunref(newrt);
                }
                in6_post_msg(ifp, KEV_INET6_DEFROUTER, &def);
        }
}

struct nd_defrouter *
defrouter_lookup(addr, ifp)
        struct in6_addr *addr;
        struct ifnet *ifp;
{
        struct nd_defrouter *dr;

        for (dr = TAILQ_FIRST(&nd_defrouter); dr;
             dr = TAILQ_NEXT(dr, dr_entry)) {
                if (dr->ifp == ifp && IN6_ARE_ADDR_EQUAL(addr, &dr->rtaddr))
                        return(dr);
        }

        return(NULL);           /* search failed */
}

void
defrouter_delreq(dr, dofree)
        struct nd_defrouter *dr;
        int dofree;
{
        struct sockaddr_in6 def, mask, gate;
        struct rtentry *oldrt = NULL;

        Bzero(&def, sizeof(def));
        Bzero(&mask, sizeof(mask));
        Bzero(&gate, sizeof(gate));

        def.sin6_len = mask.sin6_len = gate.sin6_len
                = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
        def.sin6_family = mask.sin6_family = gate.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
        gate.sin6_addr = dr->rtaddr;

        rtrequest(RTM_DELETE, (struct sockaddr *)&def,
                  (struct sockaddr *)&gate,
                  (struct sockaddr *)&mask,
                  RTF_GATEWAY, &oldrt);
        if (oldrt) {
                nd6_rtmsg(RTM_DELETE, oldrt);
                if (oldrt->rt_refcnt <= 0) {
                        /*
                         * XXX: borrowed from the RTM_DELETE case of
                         * rtrequest().
                         */
                        rtref(oldrt);
                        rtfree(oldrt);
                }
        }

        if (dofree)             /* XXX: necessary? */
                FREE(dr, M_IP6NDP);
}

void
defrtrlist_del(dr)
        struct nd_defrouter *dr;
{
        struct nd_defrouter *deldr = NULL;
        struct nd_prefix *pr;

        /*
         * Flush all the routing table entries that use the router
         * as a next hop.
         */
        if (!ip6_forwarding && ip6_accept_rtadv) {
                /* above is a good condition? */
                rt6_flush(&dr->rtaddr, dr->ifp);
        }

        if (dr == TAILQ_FIRST(&nd_defrouter))
                deldr = dr;     /* The router is primary. */

        TAILQ_REMOVE(&nd_defrouter, dr, dr_entry);

        /*
         * Also delete all the pointers to the router in each prefix lists.
         */
        for (pr = nd_prefix.lh_first; pr; pr = pr->ndpr_next) {
                struct nd_pfxrouter *pfxrtr;
                if ((pfxrtr = pfxrtr_lookup(pr, dr)) != NULL)
                        pfxrtr_del(pfxrtr);
        }
        pfxlist_onlink_check();

        /*
         * If the router is the primary one, choose a new one.
         * Note that defrouter_select() will remove the current gateway
         * from the routing table.
         */
        if (deldr)
                defrouter_select();

        FREE(dr, M_IP6NDP);
}

/*
 * Default Router Selection according to Section 6.3.6 of RFC 2461:
 * 1) Routers that are reachable or probably reachable should be
 *    preferred.
 * 2) When no routers on the list are known to be reachable or
 *    probably reachable, routers SHOULD be selected in a round-robin
 *    fashion.
 * 3) If the Default Router List is empty, assume that all
 *    destinations are on-link.
 */
void
defrouter_select()
{
        int s = splnet();
        struct nd_defrouter *dr, anydr;
        struct rtentry *rt = NULL;
        struct llinfo_nd6 *ln = NULL;

        /*
         * Search for a (probably) reachable router from the list.
         */
        for (dr = TAILQ_FIRST(&nd_defrouter); dr;
             dr = TAILQ_NEXT(dr, dr_entry)) {
                if ((rt = nd6_lookup(&dr->rtaddr, 0, dr->ifp)) &&
                    (ln = (struct llinfo_nd6 *)rt->rt_llinfo) &&
                    ND6_IS_LLINFO_PROBREACH(ln)) {
                        /* Got it, and move it to the head */
                        TAILQ_REMOVE(&nd_defrouter, dr, dr_entry);
                        TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&nd_defrouter, dr, dr_entry);
                        break;
                }
        }

        if ((dr = TAILQ_FIRST(&nd_defrouter))) {
                /*
                 * De-install the previous default gateway and install
                 * a new one.
                 * Note that if there is no reachable router in the list,
                 * the head entry will be used anyway.
                 * XXX: do we have to check the current routing table entry?
                 */
                bzero(&anydr, sizeof(anydr));
                defrouter_delreq(&anydr, 0);
                defrouter_addreq(dr);
        }
        else {
                /*
                 * The Default Router List is empty, so install the default
                 * route to an inteface.
                 * XXX: The specification does not say this mechanism should
                 * be restricted to hosts, but this would be not useful
                 * (even harmful) for routers.
                 */
                if (!ip6_forwarding) {
                        /*
                         * De-install the current default route
                         * in advance.
                         */
                        bzero(&anydr, sizeof(anydr));
                        defrouter_delreq(&anydr, 0);
                        if (nd6_defifp) {
                                /*
                                 * Install a route to the default interface
                                 * as default route.
                                 * XXX: we enable this for host only, because
                                 * this may override a default route installed
                                 * a user process (e.g. routing daemon) in a
                                 * router case.
                                 */
                                defrouter_addifreq(nd6_defifp);
                        } else {
                                nd6log((LOG_INFO, "defrouter_select: "
                                    "there's no default router and no default"
                                    " interface\n"));
                        }
                }
        }

        splx(s);
        return;
}

static struct nd_defrouter *
defrtrlist_update(new)
        struct nd_defrouter *new;
{
        struct nd_defrouter *dr, *n;
        int s = splnet();

        if ((dr = defrouter_lookup(&new->rtaddr, new->ifp)) != NULL) {
                /* entry exists */
                if (new->rtlifetime == 0) {
                        defrtrlist_del(dr);
                        dr = NULL;
                } else {
                        /* override */
                        dr->flags = new->flags; /* xxx flag check */
                        dr->rtlifetime = new->rtlifetime;
                        dr->expire = new->expire;
                }
                splx(s);
                return(dr);
        }

        /* entry does not exist */
        if (new->rtlifetime == 0) {
                splx(s);
                return(NULL);
        }

        n = (struct nd_defrouter *)_MALLOC(sizeof(*n), M_IP6NDP, M_NOWAIT);
        if (n == NULL) {
                splx(s);
                return(NULL);
        }
        bzero(n, sizeof(*n));
        *n = *new;

        /*
         * Insert the new router at the end of the Default Router List.
         * If there is no other router, install it anyway. Otherwise,
         * just continue to use the current default router.
         */
        TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&nd_defrouter, n, dr_entry);
        if (TAILQ_FIRST(&nd_defrouter) == n)
                defrouter_select();
        splx(s);
                
        return(n);
}

static struct nd_pfxrouter *
pfxrtr_lookup(pr, dr)
        struct nd_prefix *pr;
        struct nd_defrouter *dr;
{
        struct nd_pfxrouter *search;
        
        for (search = pr->ndpr_advrtrs.lh_first; search; search = search->pfr_next) {
                if (search->router == dr)
                        break;
        }

        return(search);
}

static void
pfxrtr_add(pr, dr)
        struct nd_prefix *pr;
        struct nd_defrouter *dr;
{
        struct nd_pfxrouter *new;

        new = (struct nd_pfxrouter *)_MALLOC(sizeof(*new), M_IP6NDP, M_NOWAIT);
        if (new == NULL)
                return;
        bzero(new, sizeof(*new));
        new->router = dr;

        LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&pr->ndpr_advrtrs, new, pfr_entry);

        pfxlist_onlink_check();
}

static void
pfxrtr_del(pfr)
        struct nd_pfxrouter *pfr;
{
        LIST_REMOVE(pfr, pfr_entry);
        FREE(pfr, M_IP6NDP);
}

struct nd_prefix *
nd6_prefix_lookup(pr)
        struct nd_prefix *pr;
{
        struct nd_prefix *search;

        for (search = nd_prefix.lh_first; search; search = search->ndpr_next) {
                if (pr->ndpr_ifp == search->ndpr_ifp &&
                    pr->ndpr_plen == search->ndpr_plen &&
                    in6_are_prefix_equal(&pr->ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr,
                                         &search->ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr,
                                         pr->ndpr_plen)
                    ) {
                        break;
                }
        }

        return(search);
}

int
nd6_prelist_add(pr, dr, newp)
        struct nd_prefix *pr, **newp;
        struct nd_defrouter *dr;
{
        struct nd_prefix *new = NULL;
        int i, s;

        new = (struct nd_prefix *)_MALLOC(sizeof(*new), M_IP6NDP, M_NOWAIT);
        if (new == NULL)
                return ENOMEM;
        bzero(new, sizeof(*new));
        *new = *pr;
        if (newp != NULL)
                *newp = new;

        /* initilization */
        LIST_INIT(&new->ndpr_advrtrs);
        in6_prefixlen2mask(&new->ndpr_mask, new->ndpr_plen);
        /* make prefix in the canonical form */
        for (i = 0; i < 4; i++)
                new->ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[i] &=
                        new->ndpr_mask.s6_addr32[i];

        s = splnet();
        /* link ndpr_entry to nd_prefix list */
        LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&nd_prefix, new, ndpr_entry);
        splx(s);

        /* ND_OPT_PI_FLAG_ONLINK processing */
        if (new->ndpr_raf_onlink) {
                int e;

                if ((e = nd6_prefix_onlink(new)) != 0) {
                        nd6log((LOG_ERR, "nd6_prelist_add: failed to make "
                            "the prefix %s/%d on-link on %s (errno=%d)\n",
                            ip6_sprintf(&pr->ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr),
                            pr->ndpr_plen, if_name(pr->ndpr_ifp), e));
                        /* proceed anyway. XXX: is it correct? */
                }
        }

        if (dr) {
                pfxrtr_add(new, dr);
        }

        return 0;
}

void
prelist_remove(pr)
        struct nd_prefix *pr;
{
        struct nd_pfxrouter *pfr, *next;
        int e, s;

        /* make sure to invalidate the prefix until it is really freed. */
        pr->ndpr_vltime = 0;
        pr->ndpr_pltime = 0;
#if 0
        /*
         * Though these flags are now meaningless, we'd rather keep the value
         * not to confuse users when executing "ndp -p".
         */
        pr->ndpr_raf_onlink = 0;
        pr->ndpr_raf_auto = 0;
#endif
        if ((pr->ndpr_stateflags & NDPRF_ONLINK) != 0 &&
            (e = nd6_prefix_offlink(pr)) != 0) {
                nd6log((LOG_ERR, "prelist_remove: failed to make %s/%d offlink "
                    "on %s, errno=%d\n",
                    ip6_sprintf(&pr->ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr),
                    pr->ndpr_plen, if_name(pr->ndpr_ifp), e));
                /* what should we do? */
        }

        if (pr->ndpr_refcnt > 0)
                return;         /* notice here? */

        s = splnet();

        /* unlink ndpr_entry from nd_prefix list */
        LIST_REMOVE(pr, ndpr_entry);

        /* free list of routers that adversed the prefix */
        for (pfr = pr->ndpr_advrtrs.lh_first; pfr; pfr = next) {
                next = pfr->pfr_next;

                FREE(pfr, M_IP6NDP);
        }
        splx(s);

        FREE(pr, M_IP6NDP);

        pfxlist_onlink_check();
}

int
prelist_update(new, dr, m)
        struct nd_prefix *new;
        struct nd_defrouter *dr; /* may be NULL */
        struct mbuf *m;
{
        struct in6_ifaddr *ia6 = NULL, *ia6_match = NULL;
        struct ifaddr *ifa;
        struct ifnet *ifp = new->ndpr_ifp;
        struct nd_prefix *pr;
        int s = splnet();
        int error = 0;
        int newprefix = 0;
        int auth;
        struct in6_addrlifetime lt6_tmp;

        auth = 0;
        if (m) {
                /*
                 * Authenticity for NA consists authentication for
                 * both IP header and IP datagrams, doesn't it ?
                 */
#if defined(M_AUTHIPHDR) && defined(M_AUTHIPDGM)
                auth = (m->m_flags & M_AUTHIPHDR
                     && m->m_flags & M_AUTHIPDGM) ? 1 : 0;
#endif
        }


        if ((pr = nd6_prefix_lookup(new)) != NULL) {
                /*
                 * nd6_prefix_lookup() ensures that pr and new have the same
                 * prefix on a same interface.
                 */

                /*
                 * Update prefix information.  Note that the on-link (L) bit
                 * and the autonomous (A) bit should NOT be changed from 1
                 * to 0.
                 */
                if (new->ndpr_raf_onlink == 1)
                        pr->ndpr_raf_onlink = 1;
                if (new->ndpr_raf_auto == 1)
                        pr->ndpr_raf_auto = 1;
                if (new->ndpr_raf_onlink) {
                        pr->ndpr_vltime = new->ndpr_vltime;
                        pr->ndpr_pltime = new->ndpr_pltime;
                        pr->ndpr_preferred = new->ndpr_preferred;
                        pr->ndpr_expire = new->ndpr_expire;
                }

                if (new->ndpr_raf_onlink &&
                    (pr->ndpr_stateflags & NDPRF_ONLINK) == 0) {
                        int e;

                        if ((e = nd6_prefix_onlink(pr)) != 0) {
                                nd6log((LOG_ERR,
                                    "prelist_update: failed to make "
                                    "the prefix %s/%d on-link on %s "
                                    "(errno=%d)\n",
                                    ip6_sprintf(&pr->ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr),
                                    pr->ndpr_plen, if_name(pr->ndpr_ifp), e));
                                /* proceed anyway. XXX: is it correct? */
                        }
                }

                if (dr && pfxrtr_lookup(pr, dr) == NULL)
                        pfxrtr_add(pr, dr);
        } else {
                struct nd_prefix *newpr = NULL;

                newprefix = 1;

                if (new->ndpr_vltime == 0)
                        goto end;
                if (new->ndpr_raf_onlink == 0 && new->ndpr_raf_auto == 0)
                        goto end;

                bzero(&new->ndpr_addr, sizeof(struct in6_addr));

                error = nd6_prelist_add(new, dr, &newpr);
                if (error != 0 || newpr == NULL) {
                        nd6log((LOG_NOTICE, "prelist_update: "
                            "nd6_prelist_add failed for %s/%d on %s "
                            "errno=%d, returnpr=%p\n",
                            ip6_sprintf(&new->ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr),
                                        new->ndpr_plen, if_name(new->ndpr_ifp),
                                        error, newpr));
                        goto end; /* we should just give up in this case. */
                }

                /*
                 * XXX: from the ND point of view, we can ignore a prefix
                 * with the on-link bit being zero.  However, we need a
                 * prefix structure for references from autoconfigured
                 * addresses.  Thus, we explicitly make suret that the prefix
                 * itself expires now.
                 */
                if (newpr->ndpr_raf_onlink == 0) {
                        newpr->ndpr_vltime = 0;
                        newpr->ndpr_pltime = 0;
                        in6_init_prefix_ltimes(newpr);
                }

                pr = newpr;
        }

        /*
         * Address autoconfiguration based on Section 5.5.3 of RFC 2462.
         * Note that pr must be non NULL at this point.
         */

        /* 5.5.3 (a). Ignore the prefix without the A bit set. */
        if (!new->ndpr_raf_auto)
                goto afteraddrconf;

        /*
         * 5.5.3 (b). the link-local prefix should have been ignored in
         * nd6_ra_input.
         */

        /*
         * 5.5.3 (c). Consistency check on lifetimes: pltime <= vltime.
         * This should have been done in nd6_ra_input.
         */

        /*
         * 5.5.3 (d). If the prefix advertised does not match the prefix of an
         * address already in the list, and the Valid Lifetime is not 0,
         * form an address.  Note that even a manually configured address
         * should reject autoconfiguration of a new address.
         */
        TAILQ_FOREACH(ifa, &ifp->if_addrlist, ifa_list)
        {
                struct in6_ifaddr *ifa6;
                int ifa_plen;
                u_int32_t storedlifetime;

                if (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family != AF_INET6)
                        continue;

                ifa6 = (struct in6_ifaddr *)ifa;

                /*
                 * Spec is not clear here, but I believe we should concentrate
                 * on unicast (i.e. not anycast) addresses.
                 * XXX: other ia6_flags? detached or duplicated?
                 */
                if ((ifa6->ia6_flags & IN6_IFF_ANYCAST) != 0)
                        continue;
                
                ifa_plen = in6_mask2len(&ifa6->ia_prefixmask.sin6_addr, NULL);
                if (ifa_plen != new->ndpr_plen ||
                    !in6_are_prefix_equal(&ifa6->ia_addr.sin6_addr,
                                          &new->ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr,
                                          ifa_plen))
                        continue;

                if (ia6_match == NULL) /* remember the first one */
                        ia6_match = ifa6;

                if ((ifa6->ia6_flags & IN6_IFF_AUTOCONF) == 0)
                        continue;

                /*
                 * An already autoconfigured address matched.  Now that we
                 * are sure there is at least one matched address, we can
                 * proceed to 5.5.3. (e): update the lifetimes according to the
                 * "two hours" rule and the privacy extension.
                 */
#define TWOHOUR         (120*60)
                lt6_tmp = ifa6->ia6_lifetime;

                storedlifetime = IFA6_IS_INVALID(ifa6) ? 0 :
                        (lt6_tmp.ia6t_expire - time_second);

                if (TWOHOUR < new->ndpr_vltime ||
                    storedlifetime < new->ndpr_vltime) {
                        lt6_tmp.ia6t_vltime = new->ndpr_vltime;
                } else if (storedlifetime <= TWOHOUR
#if 0
                           /*
                            * This condition is logically redundant, so we just
                            * omit it.
                            * See IPng 6712, 6717, and 6721.
                            */
                           && new->ndpr_vltime <= storedlifetime
#endif
                        ) {
                        if (auth) {
                                lt6_tmp.ia6t_vltime = new->ndpr_vltime;
                        }
                } else {
                        /*
                         * new->ndpr_vltime <= TWOHOUR &&
                         * TWOHOUR < storedlifetime
                         */
                        lt6_tmp.ia6t_vltime = TWOHOUR;
                }

                /* The 2 hour rule is not imposed for preferred lifetime. */
                lt6_tmp.ia6t_pltime = new->ndpr_pltime;

                in6_init_address_ltimes(pr, &lt6_tmp);

                /*
                 * When adjusting the lifetimes of an existing temporary
                 * address, only lower the lifetimes.
                 * RFC 3041 3.3. (1).
                 * XXX: how should we modify ia6t_[pv]ltime?
                 */
                if ((ifa6->ia6_flags & IN6_IFF_TEMPORARY) != 0) {
                        if (lt6_tmp.ia6t_expire == 0 || /* no expire */
                            lt6_tmp.ia6t_expire >
                            ifa6->ia6_lifetime.ia6t_expire) {
                                lt6_tmp.ia6t_expire =
                                        ifa6->ia6_lifetime.ia6t_expire;
                        }
                        if (lt6_tmp.ia6t_preferred == 0 || /* no expire */
                            lt6_tmp.ia6t_preferred >
                            ifa6->ia6_lifetime.ia6t_preferred) {
                                lt6_tmp.ia6t_preferred =
                                        ifa6->ia6_lifetime.ia6t_preferred;
                        }
                }

                ifa6->ia6_lifetime = lt6_tmp;
        }
        if (ia6_match == NULL && new->ndpr_vltime) {
                /*
                 * No address matched and the valid lifetime is non-zero.
                 * Create a new address.
                 */
                if ((ia6 = in6_ifadd(new, NULL)) != NULL) {
                        /*
                         * note that we should use pr (not new) for reference.
                         */
                        pr->ndpr_refcnt++;
                        ia6->ia6_ndpr = pr;

#if 0
                        /* XXXYYY Don't do this, according to Jinmei. */
                        pr->ndpr_addr = new->ndpr_addr;
#endif

                        /*
                         * RFC 3041 3.3 (2).
                         * When a new public address is created as described
                         * in RFC2462, also create a new temporary address.
                         *
                         * RFC 3041 3.5.
                         * When an interface connects to a new link, a new
                         * randomized interface identifier should be generated
                         * immediately together with a new set of temporary
                         * addresses.  Thus, we specifiy 1 as the 2nd arg of
                         * in6_tmpifadd().
                         */
                        if (ip6_use_tempaddr) {
                                int e;
                                if ((e = in6_tmpifadd(ia6, 1)) != 0) {
                                        nd6log((LOG_NOTICE, "prelist_update: "
                                            "failed to create a temporary "
                                            "address, errno=%d\n",
                                            e));
                                }
                        }

                        /*
                         * A newly added address might affect the status
                         * of other addresses, so we check and update it.
                         * XXX: what if address duplication happens?
                         */
                        pfxlist_onlink_check();
                } else {
                        /* just set an error. do not bark here. */
                        error = EADDRNOTAVAIL; /* XXX: might be unused. */
                }
        }

  afteraddrconf:

 end:
        splx(s);
        return error;
}

/*
 * A supplement function used in the on-link detection below;
 * detect if a given prefix has a (probably) reachable advertising router.
 * XXX: lengthy function name...
 */
static struct nd_pfxrouter *
find_pfxlist_reachable_router(pr)
        struct nd_prefix *pr;
{
        struct nd_pfxrouter *pfxrtr;
        struct rtentry *rt;
        struct llinfo_nd6 *ln;

        for (pfxrtr = LIST_FIRST(&pr->ndpr_advrtrs); pfxrtr;
             pfxrtr = LIST_NEXT(pfxrtr, pfr_entry)) {
                if ((rt = nd6_lookup(&pfxrtr->router->rtaddr, 0,
                                     pfxrtr->router->ifp)) &&
                    (ln = (struct llinfo_nd6 *)rt->rt_llinfo) &&
                    ND6_IS_LLINFO_PROBREACH(ln))
                        break;  /* found */
        }

        return(pfxrtr);

}

/*
 * Check if each prefix in the prefix list has at least one available router
 * that advertised the prefix (a router is "available" if its neighbor cache
 * entry is reachable or probably reachable).
 * If the check fails, the prefix may be off-link, because, for example,
 * we have moved from the network but the lifetime of the prefix has not
 * expired yet.  So we should not use the prefix if there is another prefix
 * that has an available router.
 * But, if there is no prefix that has an available router, we still regards
 * all the prefixes as on-link.  This is because we can't tell if all the
 * routers are simply dead or if we really moved from the network and there
 * is no router around us.
 */
void
pfxlist_onlink_check()
{
        struct nd_prefix *pr;
        struct in6_ifaddr *ifa;

        /*
         * Check if there is a prefix that has a reachable advertising
         * router.
         */
        for (pr = nd_prefix.lh_first; pr; pr = pr->ndpr_next) {
                if (pr->ndpr_raf_onlink && find_pfxlist_reachable_router(pr))
                        break;
        }

        if (pr) {
                /*
                 * There is at least one prefix that has a reachable router.
                 * Detach prefixes which have no reachable advertising
                 * router, and attach other prefixes.
                 */
                for (pr = nd_prefix.lh_first; pr; pr = pr->ndpr_next) {
                        /* XXX: a link-local prefix should never be detached */
                        if (IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL(&pr->ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr))
                                continue;

                        /*
                         * we aren't interested in prefixes without the L bit
                         * set.
                         */
                        if (pr->ndpr_raf_onlink == 0)
                                continue;

                        if ((pr->ndpr_stateflags & NDPRF_DETACHED) == 0 &&
                            find_pfxlist_reachable_router(pr) == NULL)
                                pr->ndpr_stateflags |= NDPRF_DETACHED;
                        if ((pr->ndpr_stateflags & NDPRF_DETACHED) != 0 &&
                            find_pfxlist_reachable_router(pr) != 0)
                                pr->ndpr_stateflags &= ~NDPRF_DETACHED;
                }
        } else {
                /* there is no prefix that has a reachable router */
                for (pr = nd_prefix.lh_first; pr; pr = pr->ndpr_next) {
                        if (IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL(&pr->ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr))
                                continue;

                        if (pr->ndpr_raf_onlink == 0)
                                continue;

                        if ((pr->ndpr_stateflags & NDPRF_DETACHED) != 0)
                                pr->ndpr_stateflags &= ~NDPRF_DETACHED;
                }
        }

        /*
         * Remove each interface route associated with a (just) detached
         * prefix, and reinstall the interface route for a (just) attached
         * prefix.  Note that all attempt of reinstallation does not
         * necessarily success, when a same prefix is shared among multiple
         * interfaces.  Such cases will be handled in nd6_prefix_onlink,
         * so we don't have to care about them.
         */
        for (pr = nd_prefix.lh_first; pr; pr = pr->ndpr_next) {
                int e;

                if (IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL(&pr->ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr))
                        continue;

                if (pr->ndpr_raf_onlink == 0)
                        continue;

                if ((pr->ndpr_stateflags & NDPRF_DETACHED) != 0 &&
                    (pr->ndpr_stateflags & NDPRF_ONLINK) != 0) {
                        if ((e = nd6_prefix_offlink(pr)) != 0) {
                                nd6log((LOG_ERR,
                                    "pfxlist_onlink_check: failed to "
                                    "make %s/%d offlink, errno=%d\n",
                                    ip6_sprintf(&pr->ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr),
                                    pr->ndpr_plen, e));
                        }
                }
                if ((pr->ndpr_stateflags & NDPRF_DETACHED) == 0 &&
                    (pr->ndpr_stateflags & NDPRF_ONLINK) == 0 &&
                    pr->ndpr_raf_onlink) {
                        if ((e = nd6_prefix_onlink(pr)) != 0) {
                                nd6log((LOG_ERR,
                                    "pfxlist_onlink_check: failed to "
                                    "make %s/%d offlink, errno=%d\n",
                                    ip6_sprintf(&pr->ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr),
                                    pr->ndpr_plen, e));
                        }
                }
        }

        /*
         * Changes on the prefix status might affect address status as well.
         * Make sure that all addresses derived from an attached prefix are
         * attached, and that all addresses derived from a detached prefix are
         * detached.  Note, however, that a manually configured address should
         * always be attached.
         * The precise detection logic is same as the one for prefixes.
         */
        for (ifa = in6_ifaddr; ifa; ifa = ifa->ia_next) {
                if ((ifa->ia6_flags & IN6_IFF_AUTOCONF) == 0)
                        continue;

                if (ifa->ia6_ndpr == NULL) {
                        /*
                         * This can happen when we first configure the address
                         * (i.e. the address exists, but the prefix does not).
                         * XXX: complicated relationships...
                         */
                        continue;
                }

                if (find_pfxlist_reachable_router(ifa->ia6_ndpr))
                        break;
        }
        if (ifa) {
                for (ifa = in6_ifaddr; ifa; ifa = ifa->ia_next) {
                        if ((ifa->ia6_flags & IN6_IFF_AUTOCONF) == 0)
                                continue;

                        if (ifa->ia6_ndpr == NULL) /* XXX: see above. */
                                continue;

                        if (find_pfxlist_reachable_router(ifa->ia6_ndpr))
                                ifa->ia6_flags &= ~IN6_IFF_DETACHED;
                        else
                                ifa->ia6_flags |= IN6_IFF_DETACHED;
                }
        }
        else {
                for (ifa = in6_ifaddr; ifa; ifa = ifa->ia_next) {
                        if ((ifa->ia6_flags & IN6_IFF_AUTOCONF) == 0)
                                continue;

                        ifa->ia6_flags &= ~IN6_IFF_DETACHED;
                }
        }
}

int
nd6_prefix_onlink(pr)
        struct nd_prefix *pr;
{
        struct ifaddr *ifa;
        struct ifnet *ifp = pr->ndpr_ifp;
        struct sockaddr_in6 mask6;
        struct nd_prefix *opr;
        u_long rtflags;
        int error = 0;
        struct rtentry *rt = NULL;

        /* sanity check */
        if ((pr->ndpr_stateflags & NDPRF_ONLINK) != 0) {
                nd6log((LOG_ERR,
                    "nd6_prefix_onlink: %s/%d is already on-link\n",
                    ip6_sprintf(&pr->ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr), pr->ndpr_plen);
                return(EEXIST));
        }

        /*
         * Add the interface route associated with the prefix.  Before
         * installing the route, check if there's the same prefix on another
         * interface, and the prefix has already installed the interface route.
         * Although such a configuration is expected to be rare, we explicitly
         * allow it.
         */
        for (opr = nd_prefix.lh_first; opr; opr = opr->ndpr_next) {
                if (opr == pr)
                        continue;

                if ((opr->ndpr_stateflags & NDPRF_ONLINK) == 0)
                        continue;

                if (opr->ndpr_plen == pr->ndpr_plen &&
                    in6_are_prefix_equal(&pr->ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr,
                                         &opr->ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr,
                                         pr->ndpr_plen))
                        return(0);
        }

        /*
         * We prefer link-local addresses as the associated interface address. 
         */
        /* search for a link-local addr */
        ifa = (struct ifaddr *)in6ifa_ifpforlinklocal(ifp,
                                                      IN6_IFF_NOTREADY|
                                                      IN6_IFF_ANYCAST);
        if (ifa == NULL) {
                /* XXX: freebsd does not have ifa_ifwithaf */
                TAILQ_FOREACH(ifa, &ifp->if_addrlist, ifa_list)
                {
                        if (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family == AF_INET6)
                                break;
                }
                /* should we care about ia6_flags? */
        }
        if (ifa == NULL) {
                /*
                 * This can still happen, when, for example, we receive an RA
                 * containing a prefix with the L bit set and the A bit clear,
                 * after removing all IPv6 addresses on the receiving
                 * interface.  This should, of course, be rare though.
                 */
                nd6log((LOG_NOTICE,
                    "nd6_prefix_onlink: failed to find any ifaddr"
                    " to add route for a prefix(%s/%d) on %s\n",
                    ip6_sprintf(&pr->ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr),
                    pr->ndpr_plen, if_name(ifp)));
                return(0);
        }

        /*
         * in6_ifinit() sets nd6_rtrequest to ifa_rtrequest for all ifaddrs.
         * ifa->ifa_rtrequest = nd6_rtrequest;
         */
        bzero(&mask6, sizeof(mask6));
        mask6.sin6_len = sizeof(mask6);
        mask6.sin6_addr = pr->ndpr_mask;
        rtflags = ifa->ifa_flags | RTF_CLONING | RTF_UP;
        if (nd6_need_cache(ifp)) {
                /* explicitly set in case ifa_flags does not set the flag. */
                rtflags |= RTF_CLONING;
        } else {
                /*
                 * explicitly clear the cloning bit in case ifa_flags sets it.
                 */
                rtflags &= ~RTF_CLONING;
        }
        error = rtrequest(RTM_ADD, (struct sockaddr *)&pr->ndpr_prefix,
                          ifa->ifa_addr, (struct sockaddr *)&mask6,
                          rtflags, &rt);
        if (error == 0) {
                if (rt != NULL) /* this should be non NULL, though */
                        nd6_rtmsg(RTM_ADD, rt);
                pr->ndpr_stateflags |= NDPRF_ONLINK;
        }
        else {
                nd6log((LOG_ERR, "nd6_prefix_onlink: failed to add route for a"
                    " prefix (%s/%d) on %s, gw=%s, mask=%s, flags=%lx "
                    "errno = %d\n",
                    ip6_sprintf(&pr->ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr),
                    pr->ndpr_plen, if_name(ifp),
                    ip6_sprintf(&((struct sockaddr_in6 *)ifa->ifa_addr)->sin6_addr),
                    ip6_sprintf(&mask6.sin6_addr), rtflags, error));
        }

        if (rt != NULL)
                rtunref(rt);

        return(error);
}

int
nd6_prefix_offlink(pr)
        struct nd_prefix *pr;
{
        int error = 0;
        struct ifnet *ifp = pr->ndpr_ifp;
        struct nd_prefix *opr;
        struct sockaddr_in6 sa6, mask6;
        struct rtentry *rt = NULL;

        /* sanity check */
        if ((pr->ndpr_stateflags & NDPRF_ONLINK) == 0) {
                nd6log((LOG_ERR,
                    "nd6_prefix_offlink: %s/%d is already off-link\n",
                    ip6_sprintf(&pr->ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr), pr->ndpr_plen));
                return(EEXIST);
        }

        bzero(&sa6, sizeof(sa6));
        sa6.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
        sa6.sin6_len = sizeof(sa6);
        bcopy(&pr->ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr, &sa6.sin6_addr,
              sizeof(struct in6_addr));
        bzero(&mask6, sizeof(mask6));
        mask6.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
        mask6.sin6_len = sizeof(sa6);
        bcopy(&pr->ndpr_mask, &mask6.sin6_addr, sizeof(struct in6_addr));
        error = rtrequest(RTM_DELETE, (struct sockaddr *)&sa6, NULL,
                          (struct sockaddr *)&mask6, 0, &rt);
        if (error == 0) {
                pr->ndpr_stateflags &= ~NDPRF_ONLINK;

                /* report the route deletion to the routing socket. */
                if (rt != NULL)
                        nd6_rtmsg(RTM_DELETE, rt);

                /*
                 * There might be the same prefix on another interface,
                 * the prefix which could not be on-link just because we have
                 * the interface route (see comments in nd6_prefix_onlink).
                 * If there's one, try to make the prefix on-link on the
                 * interface.
                 */
                for (opr = nd_prefix.lh_first; opr; opr = opr->ndpr_next) {
                        if (opr == pr)
                                continue;

                        if ((opr->ndpr_stateflags & NDPRF_ONLINK) != 0)
                                continue;

                        /*
                         * KAME specific: detached prefixes should not be
                         * on-link.
                         */
                        if ((opr->ndpr_stateflags & NDPRF_DETACHED) != 0)
                                continue;

                        if (opr->ndpr_plen == pr->ndpr_plen &&
                            in6_are_prefix_equal(&pr->ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr,
                                                 &opr->ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr,
                                                 pr->ndpr_plen)) {
                                int e;

                                if ((e = nd6_prefix_onlink(opr)) != 0) {
                                        nd6log((LOG_ERR,
                                            "nd6_prefix_offlink: failed to "
                                            "recover a prefix %s/%d from %s "
                                            "to %s (errno = %d)\n",
                                            ip6_sprintf(&opr->ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr),
                                            opr->ndpr_plen, if_name(ifp),
                                            if_name(opr->ndpr_ifp), e));
                                }
                        }
                }
        }
        else {
                /* XXX: can we still set the NDPRF_ONLINK flag? */
                nd6log((LOG_ERR,
                    "nd6_prefix_offlink: failed to delete route: "
                    "%s/%d on %s (errno = %d)\n",
                    ip6_sprintf(&sa6.sin6_addr), pr->ndpr_plen, if_name(ifp),
                    error));
        }

        if (rt != NULL) {
                if (rt->rt_refcnt <= 0) {
                        /* XXX: we should free the entry ourselves. */
                        rtref(rt);
                        rtfree(rt);
                }
        }

        return(error);
}

static struct in6_ifaddr *
in6_ifadd(pr, ifid)
        struct nd_prefix *pr;
        struct in6_addr  *ifid;   /* Mobile IPv6 addition */
{
        struct ifnet *ifp = pr->ndpr_ifp;
        struct ifaddr *ifa;
        struct in6_aliasreq ifra;
        struct in6_ifaddr *ia, *ib;
        int error, plen0;
        struct in6_addr mask;
        int prefixlen = pr->ndpr_plen;

        in6_len2mask(&mask, prefixlen);

        /*
         * find a link-local address (will be interface ID).
         * Is it really mandatory? Theoretically, a global or a site-local
         * address can be configured without a link-local address, if we
         * have a unique interface identifier...
         *
         * it is not mandatory to have a link-local address, we can generate
         * interface identifier on the fly.  we do this because:
         * (1) it should be the easiest way to find interface identifier.
         * (2) RFC2462 5.4 suggesting the use of the same interface identifier
         * for multiple addresses on a single interface, and possible shortcut
         * of DAD.  we omitted DAD for this reason in the past.
         * (3) a user can prevent autoconfiguration of global address 
         * by removing link-local address by hand (this is partly because we
         * don't have other way to control the use of IPv6 on a interface.
         * this has been our design choice - cf. NRL's "ifconfig auto").
         * (4) it is easier to manage when an interface has addresses
         * with the same interface identifier, than to have multiple addresses
         * with different interface identifiers.
         *
         * Mobile IPv6 addition: allow for caller to specify a wished interface
         * ID. This is to not break connections when moving addresses between
         * interfaces.
         */
        ifa = (struct ifaddr *)in6ifa_ifpforlinklocal(ifp, 0);/* 0 is OK? */
        if (ifa)
                ib = (struct in6_ifaddr *)ifa;
        else
                return NULL;

#if 0 /* don't care link local addr state, and always do DAD */
        /* if link-local address is not eligible, do not autoconfigure. */
        if (((struct in6_ifaddr *)ifa)->ia6_flags & IN6_IFF_NOTREADY) {
                printf("in6_ifadd: link-local address not ready\n");
                return NULL;
        }
#endif

        /* prefixlen + ifidlen must be equal to 128 */
        plen0 = in6_mask2len(&ib->ia_prefixmask.sin6_addr, NULL);
        if (prefixlen != plen0) {
                nd6log((LOG_INFO, "in6_ifadd: wrong prefixlen for %s "
                    "(prefix=%d ifid=%d)\n",
                    if_name(ifp), prefixlen, 128 - plen0));
                return NULL;
        }

        /* make ifaddr */

        bzero(&ifra, sizeof(ifra));
        /*
         * in6_update_ifa() does not use ifra_name, but we accurately set it
         * for safety.
         */
        strncpy(ifra.ifra_name, if_name(ifp), sizeof(ifra.ifra_name));
        ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
        ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
        /* prefix */
        bcopy(&pr->ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr, &ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr,
              sizeof(ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr));
        ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[0] &= mask.s6_addr32[0];
        ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[1] &= mask.s6_addr32[1];
        ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[2] &= mask.s6_addr32[2];
        ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[3] &= mask.s6_addr32[3];

        /* interface ID */
        if (ifid == NULL || IN6_IS_ADDR_UNSPECIFIED(ifid))
                ifid = &ib->ia_addr.sin6_addr;
        ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[0]
                |= (ifid->s6_addr32[0] & ~mask.s6_addr32[0]);
        ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[1]
                |= (ifid->s6_addr32[1] & ~mask.s6_addr32[1]);
        ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[2]
                |= (ifid->s6_addr32[2] & ~mask.s6_addr32[2]);
        ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[3]
                |= (ifid->s6_addr32[3] & ~mask.s6_addr32[3]);
            
        /* new prefix mask. */
        ifra.ifra_prefixmask.sin6_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
        ifra.ifra_prefixmask.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
        bcopy(&mask, &ifra.ifra_prefixmask.sin6_addr,
              sizeof(ifra.ifra_prefixmask.sin6_addr));

        /*
         * lifetime.
         * XXX: in6_init_address_ltimes would override these values later.
         * We should reconsider this logic. 
         */
        ifra.ifra_lifetime.ia6t_vltime = pr->ndpr_vltime;
        ifra.ifra_lifetime.ia6t_pltime = pr->ndpr_pltime;

        /* XXX: scope zone ID? */

        ifra.ifra_flags |= IN6_IFF_AUTOCONF; /* obey autoconf */
        /*
         * temporarily set the nopfx flag to avoid conflict.
         * XXX: we should reconsider the entire mechanism about prefix
         * manipulation.
         */
        ifra.ifra_flags |= IN6_IFF_NOPFX;

        /*
         * keep the new address, regardless of the result of in6_update_ifa.
         * XXX: this address is now meaningless.
         * We should reconsider its role.
         */
        pr->ndpr_addr = ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr;

        /* allocate ifaddr structure, link into chain, etc. */
        if ((error = in6_update_ifa(ifp, &ifra, NULL)) != 0) {
                nd6log((LOG_ERR,
                    "in6_ifadd: failed to make ifaddr %s on %s (errno=%d)\n",
                    ip6_sprintf(&ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr), if_name(ifp),
                    error));
                return(NULL);   /* ifaddr must not have been allocated. */
        }

        ia = in6ifa_ifpwithaddr(ifp, &ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr);

        in6_post_msg(ifp, KEV_INET6_NEW_RTADV_ADDR, ia); 

        return(ia);             /* this must NOT be NULL. */
}

int
in6_tmpifadd(ia0, forcegen)
        const struct in6_ifaddr *ia0; /* corresponding public address */
{
        struct ifnet *ifp = ia0->ia_ifa.ifa_ifp;
        struct in6_ifaddr *newia;
        struct in6_aliasreq ifra;
        int i, error;
        int trylimit = 3;       /* XXX: adhoc value */
        u_int32_t randid[2];
        time_t vltime0, pltime0;

        bzero(&ifra, sizeof(ifra));
        strncpy(ifra.ifra_name, if_name(ifp), sizeof(ifra.ifra_name));
        ifra.ifra_addr = ia0->ia_addr;
        /* copy prefix mask */
        ifra.ifra_prefixmask = ia0->ia_prefixmask;
        /* clear the old IFID */
        for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
                ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[i]
                        &= ifra.ifra_prefixmask.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[i];
        }

  again:
        in6_get_tmpifid(ifp, (u_int8_t *)randid,
                        (const u_int8_t *)&ia0->ia_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr[8],
                        forcegen);
        ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[2]
                |= (randid[0] & ~(ifra.ifra_prefixmask.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[2]));
        ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[3]
                |= (randid[1] & ~(ifra.ifra_prefixmask.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[3]));

        /*
         * If by chance the new temporary address is the same as an address
         * already assigned to the interface, generate a new randomized
         * interface identifier and repeat this step.
         * RFC 3041 3.3 (4).
         */
        if (in6ifa_ifpwithaddr(ifp, &ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr) != NULL) {
                if (trylimit-- == 0) {
                        nd6log((LOG_NOTICE, "in6_tmpifadd: failed to find "
                            "a unique random IFID\n"));
                        return(EEXIST);
                }
                forcegen = 1;
                goto again;
        }

        /*
         * The Valid Lifetime is the lower of the Valid Lifetime of the
         * public address or TEMP_VALID_LIFETIME.
         * The Preferred Lifetime is the lower of the Preferred Lifetime
         * of the public address or TEMP_PREFERRED_LIFETIME -
         * DESYNC_FACTOR.
         */
        if (ia0->ia6_lifetime.ia6t_expire != 0) {
                vltime0 = IFA6_IS_INVALID(ia0) ? 0 :
                        (ia0->ia6_lifetime.ia6t_expire - time_second);
                if (vltime0 > ip6_temp_valid_lifetime)
                        vltime0 = ip6_temp_valid_lifetime;
        } else
                vltime0 = ip6_temp_valid_lifetime;
        if (ia0->ia6_lifetime.ia6t_preferred != 0) {
                pltime0 = IFA6_IS_DEPRECATED(ia0) ? 0 :
                        (ia0->ia6_lifetime.ia6t_preferred - time_second);
                if (pltime0 > ip6_temp_preferred_lifetime - ip6_desync_factor){
                        pltime0 = ip6_temp_preferred_lifetime -
                                ip6_desync_factor;
                }
        } else
                pltime0 = ip6_temp_preferred_lifetime - ip6_desync_factor;
        ifra.ifra_lifetime.ia6t_vltime = vltime0;
        ifra.ifra_lifetime.ia6t_pltime = pltime0;

        /*
         * A temporary address is created only if this calculated Preferred
         * Lifetime is greater than REGEN_ADVANCE time units.
         */
        if (ifra.ifra_lifetime.ia6t_pltime <= ip6_temp_regen_advance)
                return(0);

        /* XXX: scope zone ID? */

        ifra.ifra_flags |= (IN6_IFF_AUTOCONF|IN6_IFF_TEMPORARY);

        /* allocate ifaddr structure, link into chain, etc. */
        if ((error = in6_update_ifa(ifp, &ifra, NULL)) != 0)
                return(error);

        newia = in6ifa_ifpwithaddr(ifp, &ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr);
        if (newia == NULL) {    /* XXX: can it happen? */
                nd6log((LOG_ERR,
                    "in6_tmpifadd: ifa update succeeded, but we got "
                    "no ifaddr\n"));
                return(EINVAL); /* XXX */
        }
        newia->ia6_ndpr = ia0->ia6_ndpr;
        newia->ia6_ndpr->ndpr_refcnt++;

        return(0);
}           

int
in6_init_prefix_ltimes(struct nd_prefix *ndpr)
{
        /* check if preferred lifetime > valid lifetime.  RFC2462 5.5.3 (c) */
        if (ndpr->ndpr_pltime > ndpr->ndpr_vltime) {
                nd6log((LOG_INFO, "in6_init_prefix_ltimes: preferred lifetime"
                    "(%d) is greater than valid lifetime(%d)\n",
                    (u_int)ndpr->ndpr_pltime, (u_int)ndpr->ndpr_vltime));
                return (EINVAL);
        }
        if (ndpr->ndpr_pltime == ND6_INFINITE_LIFETIME)
                ndpr->ndpr_preferred = 0;
        else
                ndpr->ndpr_preferred = time_second + ndpr->ndpr_pltime;
        if (ndpr->ndpr_vltime == ND6_INFINITE_LIFETIME)
                ndpr->ndpr_expire = 0;
        else
                ndpr->ndpr_expire = time_second + ndpr->ndpr_vltime;

        return 0;
}

static void
in6_init_address_ltimes(struct nd_prefix *new, struct in6_addrlifetime *lt6)
{
        /* Valid lifetime must not be updated unless explicitly specified. */
        /* init ia6t_expire */
        if (lt6->ia6t_vltime == ND6_INFINITE_LIFETIME)
                lt6->ia6t_expire = 0;
        else {
                lt6->ia6t_expire = time_second;
                lt6->ia6t_expire += lt6->ia6t_vltime;
        }

        /* init ia6t_preferred */
        if (lt6->ia6t_pltime == ND6_INFINITE_LIFETIME)
                lt6->ia6t_preferred = 0;
        else {
                lt6->ia6t_preferred = time_second;
                lt6->ia6t_preferred += lt6->ia6t_pltime;
        }
}

/*
 * Delete all the routing table entries that use the specified gateway.
 * XXX: this function causes search through all entries of routing table, so
 * it shouldn't be called when acting as a router.
 */
void
rt6_flush(gateway, ifp)
        struct in6_addr *gateway;
        struct ifnet *ifp;
{
        struct radix_node_head *rnh = rt_tables[AF_INET6];
        int s = splnet();

        /* We'll care only link-local addresses */
        if (!IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL(gateway)) {
                splx(s);
                return;
        }
        /* XXX: hack for KAME's link-local address kludge */
        gateway->s6_addr16[1] = htons(ifp->if_index);

        rnh->rnh_walktree(rnh, rt6_deleteroute, (void *)gateway);
        splx(s);
}

static int
rt6_deleteroute(rn, arg)
        struct radix_node *rn;
        void *arg;
{
#define SIN6(s) ((struct sockaddr_in6 *)s)
        struct rtentry *rt = (struct rtentry *)rn;
        struct in6_addr *gate = (struct in6_addr *)arg;

        if (rt->rt_gateway == NULL || rt->rt_gateway->sa_family != AF_INET6)
                return(0);

        if (!IN6_ARE_ADDR_EQUAL(gate, &SIN6(rt->rt_gateway)->sin6_addr))
                return(0);

        /*
         * Do not delete a static route.
         * XXX: this seems to be a bit ad-hoc. Should we consider the
         * 'cloned' bit instead?
         */
        if ((rt->rt_flags & RTF_STATIC) != 0)
                return(0);

        /*
         * We delete only host route. This means, in particular, we don't
         * delete default route.
         */
        if ((rt->rt_flags & RTF_HOST) == 0)
                return(0);

        return(rtrequest(RTM_DELETE, rt_key(rt),
                         rt->rt_gateway, rt_mask(rt), rt->rt_flags, 0));
#undef SIN6
}

int
nd6_setdefaultiface(ifindex)
        int ifindex;
{
        int error = 0;

        if (ifindex < 0 || if_index < ifindex)
                return(EINVAL);

        if (nd6_defifindex != ifindex) {
                nd6_defifindex = ifindex;
                if (nd6_defifindex > 0)
                        nd6_defifp = ifindex2ifnet[nd6_defifindex];
                else
                        nd6_defifp = NULL;

                /*
                 * If the Default Router List is empty, install a route
                 * to the specified interface as default or remove the default
                 * route when the default interface becomes canceled.
                 * The check for the queue is actually redundant, but
                 * we do this here to avoid re-install the default route
                 * if the list is NOT empty.
                 */
                if (TAILQ_FIRST(&nd_defrouter) == NULL)
                        defrouter_select();

                /*
                 * Our current implementation assumes one-to-one maping between
                 * interfaces and links, so it would be natural to use the
                 * default interface as the default link.
                 */
                scope6_setdefault(nd6_defifp);
        }

        return(error);
}