xnu-3789.51.2.tar.gz

[apple/xnu.git] / osfmk / ipc / ipc_port.c

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2000-2007 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.
 *
 * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_START@
 * 
 * This file contains Original Code and/or Modifications of Original Code
 * as defined in and that are subject to the Apple Public Source License
 * Version 2.0 (the 'License'). You may not use this file except in
 * compliance with the License. The rights granted to you under the License
 * may not be used to create, or enable the creation or redistribution of,
 * unlawful or unlicensed copies of an Apple operating system, or to
 * circumvent, violate, or enable the circumvention or violation of, any
 * terms of an Apple operating system software license agreement.
 * 
 * Please obtain a copy of the License at
 * http://www.opensource.apple.com/apsl/ and read it before using this file.
 * 
 * The Original Code and all software distributed under the License are
 * distributed on an 'AS IS' basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER
 * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AND APPLE HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL SUCH WARRANTIES,
 * INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, QUIET ENJOYMENT OR NON-INFRINGEMENT.
 * Please see the License for the specific language governing rights and
 * limitations under the License.
 * 
 * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_END@
 */
/*
 * @OSF_FREE_COPYRIGHT@
 */
/* 
 * Mach Operating System
 * Copyright (c) 1991,1990,1989 Carnegie Mellon University
 * All Rights Reserved.
 * 
 * Permission to use, copy, modify and distribute this software and its
 * documentation is hereby granted, provided that both the copyright
 * notice and this permission notice appear in all copies of the
 * software, derivative works or modified versions, and any portions
 * thereof, and that both notices appear in supporting documentation.
 * 
 * CARNEGIE MELLON ALLOWS FREE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE IN ITS "AS IS"
 * CONDITION.  CARNEGIE MELLON DISCLAIMS ANY LIABILITY OF ANY KIND FOR
 * ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
 * 
 * Carnegie Mellon requests users of this software to return to
 * 
 *  Software Distribution Coordinator  or  Software.Distribution@CS.CMU.EDU
 *  School of Computer Science
 *  Carnegie Mellon University
 *  Pittsburgh PA 15213-3890
 * 
 * any improvements or extensions that they make and grant Carnegie Mellon
 * the rights to redistribute these changes.
 */
/*
 * NOTICE: This file was modified by McAfee Research in 2004 to introduce
 * support for mandatory and extensible security protections.  This notice
 * is included in support of clause 2.2 (b) of the Apple Public License,
 * Version 2.0.
 */
/*
 */
/*
 *      File:   ipc/ipc_port.c
 *      Author: Rich Draves
 *      Date:   1989
 *
 *      Functions to manipulate IPC ports.
 */

#include <zone_debug.h>
#include <mach_assert.h>

#include <mach/port.h>
#include <mach/kern_return.h>
#include <kern/ipc_kobject.h>
#include <kern/thread.h>
#include <kern/misc_protos.h>
#include <kern/waitq.h>
#include <kern/policy_internal.h>
#include <kern/debug.h>
#include <kern/kcdata.h>
#include <ipc/ipc_entry.h>
#include <ipc/ipc_space.h>
#include <ipc/ipc_object.h>
#include <ipc/ipc_port.h>
#include <ipc/ipc_pset.h>
#include <ipc/ipc_kmsg.h>
#include <ipc/ipc_mqueue.h>
#include <ipc/ipc_notify.h>
#include <ipc/ipc_table.h>
#include <ipc/ipc_importance.h>

#include <security/mac_mach_internal.h>

#include <string.h>

decl_lck_spin_data(,    ipc_port_multiple_lock_data)
ipc_port_timestamp_t    ipc_port_timestamp_data;
int ipc_portbt;

#if     MACH_ASSERT
void    ipc_port_init_debug(
                ipc_port_t      port,
                uintptr_t       *callstack,
                unsigned int    callstack_max);

void    ipc_port_callstack_init_debug(
                uintptr_t       *callstack,
                unsigned int    callstack_max);
        
#endif  /* MACH_ASSERT */

void kdp_mqueue_send_find_owner(struct waitq * waitq, event64_t event, thread_waitinfo_t *waitinfo);
void kdp_mqueue_recv_find_owner(struct waitq * waitq, event64_t event, thread_waitinfo_t *waitinfo);

void
ipc_port_release(ipc_port_t port)
{
        ip_release(port);
}

void
ipc_port_reference(ipc_port_t port)
{
        ip_reference(port);
}

/*
 *      Routine:        ipc_port_timestamp
 *      Purpose:
 *              Retrieve a timestamp value.
 */

ipc_port_timestamp_t
ipc_port_timestamp(void)
{
        return OSIncrementAtomic(&ipc_port_timestamp_data);
}

/*
 *      Routine:        ipc_port_request_alloc
 *      Purpose:
 *              Try to allocate a request slot.
 *              If successful, returns the request index.
 *              Otherwise returns zero.
 *      Conditions:
 *              The port is locked and active.
 *      Returns:
 *              KERN_SUCCESS            A request index was found.
 *              KERN_NO_SPACE           No index allocated.
 */

#if IMPORTANCE_INHERITANCE
kern_return_t
ipc_port_request_alloc(
        ipc_port_t                      port,
        mach_port_name_t                name,
        ipc_port_t                      soright,
        boolean_t                       send_possible,
        boolean_t                       immediate,
        ipc_port_request_index_t        *indexp,
        boolean_t                       *importantp)
#else
kern_return_t
ipc_port_request_alloc(
        ipc_port_t                      port,
        mach_port_name_t                name,
        ipc_port_t                      soright,
        boolean_t                       send_possible,
        boolean_t                       immediate,
        ipc_port_request_index_t        *indexp)
#endif /* IMPORTANCE_INHERITANCE */
{
        ipc_port_request_t ipr, table;
        ipc_port_request_index_t index;
        uintptr_t mask = 0;

#if IMPORTANCE_INHERITANCE
        *importantp = FALSE;
#endif /* IMPORTANCE_INHERITANCE */

        assert(ip_active(port));
        assert(name != MACH_PORT_NULL);
        assert(soright != IP_NULL);

        table = port->ip_requests;

        if (table == IPR_NULL)
                return KERN_NO_SPACE;

        index = table->ipr_next;
        if (index == 0)
                return KERN_NO_SPACE;

        ipr = &table[index];
        assert(ipr->ipr_name == MACH_PORT_NULL);

        table->ipr_next = ipr->ipr_next;
        ipr->ipr_name = name;
        
        if (send_possible) {
                mask |= IPR_SOR_SPREQ_MASK;
                if (immediate) {
                        mask |= IPR_SOR_SPARM_MASK;
                        if (port->ip_sprequests == 0) {
                                port->ip_sprequests = 1;
#if IMPORTANCE_INHERITANCE
                                /* TODO: Live importance support in send-possible */
                                if (port->ip_impdonation != 0 &&
                                    port->ip_spimportant == 0 &&
                                    (task_is_importance_donor(current_task()))) {
                                        *importantp = TRUE;
                                }
#endif /* IMPORTANCE_INHERTANCE */
                        }
                }
        }
        ipr->ipr_soright = IPR_SOR_MAKE(soright, mask);

        *indexp = index;

        return KERN_SUCCESS;
}

/*
 *      Routine:        ipc_port_request_grow
 *      Purpose:
 *              Grow a port's table of requests.
 *      Conditions:
 *              The port must be locked and active.
 *              Nothing else locked; will allocate memory.
 *              Upon return the port is unlocked.
 *      Returns:
 *              KERN_SUCCESS            Grew the table.
 *              KERN_SUCCESS            Somebody else grew the table.
 *              KERN_SUCCESS            The port died.
 *              KERN_RESOURCE_SHORTAGE  Couldn't allocate new table.
 *              KERN_NO_SPACE           Couldn't grow to desired size
 */

kern_return_t
ipc_port_request_grow(
        ipc_port_t              port,
        ipc_table_elems_t       target_size)
{
        ipc_table_size_t its;
        ipc_port_request_t otable, ntable;

        assert(ip_active(port));

        otable = port->ip_requests;
        if (otable == IPR_NULL)
                its = &ipc_table_requests[0];
        else
                its = otable->ipr_size + 1;

        if (target_size != ITS_SIZE_NONE) {
                if ((otable != IPR_NULL) &&
                    (target_size <= otable->ipr_size->its_size)) {
                        ip_unlock(port);
                        return KERN_SUCCESS;
                }
                while ((its->its_size) && (its->its_size < target_size)) {
                        its++;
                }
                if (its->its_size == 0) {
                        ip_unlock(port);
                        return KERN_NO_SPACE;
                }
        }

        ip_reference(port);
        ip_unlock(port);

        if ((its->its_size == 0) ||
            ((ntable = it_requests_alloc(its)) == IPR_NULL)) {
                ip_release(port);
                return KERN_RESOURCE_SHORTAGE;
        }

        ip_lock(port);

        /*
         *      Check that port is still active and that nobody else
         *      has slipped in and grown the table on us.  Note that
         *      just checking if the current table pointer == otable
         *      isn't sufficient; must check ipr_size.
         */

        if (ip_active(port) && (port->ip_requests == otable) &&
            ((otable == IPR_NULL) || (otable->ipr_size+1 == its))) {
                ipc_table_size_t oits;
                ipc_table_elems_t osize, nsize;
                ipc_port_request_index_t free, i;

                /* copy old table to new table */

                if (otable != IPR_NULL) {
                        oits = otable->ipr_size;
                        osize = oits->its_size;
                        free = otable->ipr_next;

                        (void) memcpy((void *)(ntable + 1),
                              (const void *)(otable + 1),
                              (osize - 1) * sizeof(struct ipc_port_request));
                } else {
                        osize = 1;
                        oits = 0;
                        free = 0;
                }

                nsize = its->its_size;
                assert(nsize > osize);

                /* add new elements to the new table's free list */

                for (i = osize; i < nsize; i++) {
                        ipc_port_request_t ipr = &ntable[i];

                        ipr->ipr_name = MACH_PORT_NULL;
                        ipr->ipr_next = free;
                        free = i;
                }

                ntable->ipr_next = free;
                ntable->ipr_size = its;
                port->ip_requests = ntable;
                ip_unlock(port);
                ip_release(port);

                if (otable != IPR_NULL) {
                        it_requests_free(oits, otable);
                }
        } else {
                ip_unlock(port);
                ip_release(port);
                it_requests_free(its, ntable);
        }

        return KERN_SUCCESS;
}
 
/*
 *      Routine:        ipc_port_request_sparm
 *      Purpose:
 *              Arm delayed send-possible request.
 *      Conditions:
 *              The port must be locked and active.
 *
 *              Returns TRUE if the request was armed
 *              (or armed with importance in that version).
 */

boolean_t
ipc_port_request_sparm(
        ipc_port_t                      port,
        __assert_only mach_port_name_t  name,
        ipc_port_request_index_t        index,
        mach_msg_option_t       option,
        mach_msg_priority_t override)
{
        if (index != IE_REQ_NONE) {
                ipc_port_request_t ipr, table;

                assert(ip_active(port));
        
                table = port->ip_requests;
                assert(table != IPR_NULL);

                ipr = &table[index];
                assert(ipr->ipr_name == name);

                /* Is there a valid destination? */
                if (IPR_SOR_SPREQ(ipr->ipr_soright)) {
                        ipr->ipr_soright = IPR_SOR_MAKE(ipr->ipr_soright, IPR_SOR_SPARM_MASK);
                        port->ip_sprequests = 1;

                        if (option & MACH_SEND_OVERRIDE) {
                                /* apply override to message queue */
                                ipc_mqueue_override_send(&port->ip_messages, override);
                        }

#if IMPORTANCE_INHERITANCE
                        if (((option & MACH_SEND_NOIMPORTANCE) == 0) &&
                            (port->ip_impdonation != 0) &&
                            (port->ip_spimportant == 0) &&
                            (((option & MACH_SEND_IMPORTANCE) != 0) ||
                             (task_is_importance_donor(current_task())))) {
                                return TRUE;
                        }
#else
                        return TRUE;
#endif /* IMPORTANCE_INHERITANCE */
                } 
        }
        return FALSE;
}

/*
 *      Routine:        ipc_port_request_type
 *      Purpose:
 *              Determine the type(s) of port requests enabled for a name.
 *      Conditions:
 *              The port must be locked or inactive (to avoid table growth).
 *              The index must not be IE_REQ_NONE and for the name in question.
 */
mach_port_type_t
ipc_port_request_type(
        ipc_port_t                      port,
        __assert_only mach_port_name_t  name,
        ipc_port_request_index_t        index)
{
        ipc_port_request_t ipr, table;
        mach_port_type_t type = 0;

        table = port->ip_requests;
        assert (table != IPR_NULL);

        assert(index != IE_REQ_NONE);
        ipr = &table[index];
        assert(ipr->ipr_name == name);

        if (IP_VALID(IPR_SOR_PORT(ipr->ipr_soright))) {
                type |= MACH_PORT_TYPE_DNREQUEST;

                if (IPR_SOR_SPREQ(ipr->ipr_soright)) {
                        type |= MACH_PORT_TYPE_SPREQUEST;

                        if (!IPR_SOR_SPARMED(ipr->ipr_soright)) {
                                type |= MACH_PORT_TYPE_SPREQUEST_DELAYED;
                        }
                }
        }
        return type;
}

/*
 *      Routine:        ipc_port_request_cancel
 *      Purpose:
 *              Cancel a dead-name/send-possible request and return the send-once right.
 *      Conditions:
 *              The port must be locked and active.
 *              The index must not be IPR_REQ_NONE and must correspond with name.
 */

ipc_port_t
ipc_port_request_cancel(
        ipc_port_t                      port,
        __assert_only mach_port_name_t  name,
        ipc_port_request_index_t        index)
{
        ipc_port_request_t ipr, table;
        ipc_port_t request = IP_NULL;

        assert(ip_active(port));
        table = port->ip_requests;
        assert(table != IPR_NULL);

        assert (index != IE_REQ_NONE);
        ipr = &table[index];
        assert(ipr->ipr_name == name);
        request = IPR_SOR_PORT(ipr->ipr_soright);

        /* return ipr to the free list inside the table */
        ipr->ipr_name = MACH_PORT_NULL;
        ipr->ipr_next = table->ipr_next;
        table->ipr_next = index;

        return request;
}

/*
 *      Routine:        ipc_port_pdrequest
 *      Purpose:
 *              Make a port-deleted request, returning the
 *              previously registered send-once right.
 *              Just cancels the previous request if notify is IP_NULL.
 *      Conditions:
 *              The port is locked and active.  It is unlocked.
 *              Consumes a ref for notify (if non-null), and
 *              returns previous with a ref (if non-null).
 */

void
ipc_port_pdrequest(
        ipc_port_t      port,
        ipc_port_t      notify,
        ipc_port_t      *previousp)
{
        ipc_port_t previous;

        assert(ip_active(port));

        previous = port->ip_pdrequest;
        port->ip_pdrequest = notify;
        ip_unlock(port);

        *previousp = previous;
}

/*
 *      Routine:        ipc_port_nsrequest
 *      Purpose:
 *              Make a no-senders request, returning the
 *              previously registered send-once right.
 *              Just cancels the previous request if notify is IP_NULL.
 *      Conditions:
 *              The port is locked and active.  It is unlocked.
 *              Consumes a ref for notify (if non-null), and
 *              returns previous with a ref (if non-null).
 */

void
ipc_port_nsrequest(
        ipc_port_t              port,
        mach_port_mscount_t     sync,
        ipc_port_t              notify,
        ipc_port_t              *previousp)
{
        ipc_port_t previous;
        mach_port_mscount_t mscount;

        assert(ip_active(port));

        previous = port->ip_nsrequest;
        mscount = port->ip_mscount;

        if ((port->ip_srights == 0) && (sync <= mscount) &&
            (notify != IP_NULL)) {
                port->ip_nsrequest = IP_NULL;
                ip_unlock(port);
                ipc_notify_no_senders(notify, mscount);
        } else {
                port->ip_nsrequest = notify;
                ip_unlock(port);
        }

        *previousp = previous;
}


/*
 *      Routine:        ipc_port_clear_receiver
 *      Purpose:
 *              Prepares a receive right for transmission/destruction,
 *              optionally performs mqueue destruction (with port lock held)
 *
 *      Conditions:
 *              The port is locked and active.
 *      Returns:
 *              If should_destroy is TRUE, then the return value indicates
 *              whether the caller needs to reap kmsg structures that should
 *              be destroyed (by calling ipc_kmsg_reap_delayed)
 *
 *              If should_destroy is FALSE, this always returns FALSE
 */

boolean_t
ipc_port_clear_receiver(
        ipc_port_t      port,
        boolean_t       should_destroy)
{
        ipc_mqueue_t    mqueue = &port->ip_messages;
        boolean_t       reap_messages = FALSE;

        /*
         * Pull ourselves out of any sets to which we belong.
         * We hold the port locked, so even though this acquires and releases
         * the mqueue lock, we know we won't be added to any other sets.
         */
        if (port->ip_in_pset != 0) {
                ipc_pset_remove_from_all(port);
                assert(port->ip_in_pset == 0);
        }

        /*
         * Send anyone waiting on the port's queue directly away.
         * Also clear the mscount and seqno.
         */
        imq_lock(mqueue);
        ipc_mqueue_changed(mqueue);
        port->ip_mscount = 0;
        mqueue->imq_seqno = 0;
        port->ip_context = port->ip_guarded = port->ip_strict_guard = 0;

        if (should_destroy) {
                /*
                 * Mark the mqueue invalid, preventing further send/receive
                 * operations from succeeding. It's important for this to be
                 * done under the same lock hold as the ipc_mqueue_changed
                 * call to avoid additional threads blocking on an mqueue
                 * that's being destroyed.
                 */
                reap_messages = ipc_mqueue_destroy_locked(mqueue);
        }

        imq_unlock(&port->ip_messages);

        return reap_messages;
}

/*
 *      Routine:        ipc_port_init
 *      Purpose:
 *              Initializes a newly-allocated port.
 *              Doesn't touch the ip_object fields.
 */

void
ipc_port_init(
        ipc_port_t              port,
        ipc_space_t             space,
        mach_port_name_t        name)
{
        /* port->ip_kobject doesn't have to be initialized */

        port->ip_receiver = space;
        port->ip_receiver_name = name;

        port->ip_mscount = 0;
        port->ip_srights = 0;
        port->ip_sorights = 0;

        port->ip_nsrequest = IP_NULL;
        port->ip_pdrequest = IP_NULL;
        port->ip_requests = IPR_NULL;

        port->ip_premsg = IKM_NULL;
        port->ip_context = 0;

        port->ip_sprequests  = 0;
        port->ip_spimportant = 0;
        port->ip_impdonation = 0;
        port->ip_tempowner   = 0;

        port->ip_guarded      = 0;
        port->ip_strict_guard = 0;
        port->ip_impcount    = 0;

        port->ip_reserved    = 0;

        ipc_mqueue_init(&port->ip_messages,
                        FALSE /* !set */, NULL /* no reserved link */);
}

/*
 *      Routine:        ipc_port_alloc
 *      Purpose:
 *              Allocate a port.
 *      Conditions:
 *              Nothing locked.  If successful, the port is returned
 *              locked.  (The caller doesn't have a reference.)
 *      Returns:
 *              KERN_SUCCESS            The port is allocated.
 *              KERN_INVALID_TASK       The space is dead.
 *              KERN_NO_SPACE           No room for an entry in the space.
 *              KERN_RESOURCE_SHORTAGE  Couldn't allocate memory.
 */

kern_return_t
ipc_port_alloc(
        ipc_space_t             space,
        mach_port_name_t        *namep,
        ipc_port_t              *portp)
{
        ipc_port_t port;
        mach_port_name_t name;
        kern_return_t kr;

#if     MACH_ASSERT
        uintptr_t buf[IP_CALLSTACK_MAX];
        ipc_port_callstack_init_debug(&buf[0], IP_CALLSTACK_MAX);
#endif /* MACH_ASSERT */
            
        kr = ipc_object_alloc(space, IOT_PORT,
                              MACH_PORT_TYPE_RECEIVE, 0,
                              &name, (ipc_object_t *) &port);
        if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS)
                return kr;

        /* port and space are locked */
        ipc_port_init(port, space, name);

#if     MACH_ASSERT
        ipc_port_init_debug(port, &buf[0], IP_CALLSTACK_MAX);
#endif  /* MACH_ASSERT */

        /* unlock space after init */
        is_write_unlock(space);

        *namep = name;
        *portp = port;

        return KERN_SUCCESS;
}

/*
 *      Routine:        ipc_port_alloc_name
 *      Purpose:
 *              Allocate a port, with a specific name.
 *      Conditions:
 *              Nothing locked.  If successful, the port is returned
 *              locked.  (The caller doesn't have a reference.)
 *      Returns:
 *              KERN_SUCCESS            The port is allocated.
 *              KERN_INVALID_TASK       The space is dead.
 *              KERN_NAME_EXISTS        The name already denotes a right.
 *              KERN_RESOURCE_SHORTAGE  Couldn't allocate memory.
 */

kern_return_t
ipc_port_alloc_name(
        ipc_space_t             space,
        mach_port_name_t        name,
        ipc_port_t              *portp)
{
        ipc_port_t port;
        kern_return_t kr;

#if     MACH_ASSERT
        uintptr_t buf[IP_CALLSTACK_MAX];
        ipc_port_callstack_init_debug(&buf[0], IP_CALLSTACK_MAX);
#endif /* MACH_ASSERT */        

        kr = ipc_object_alloc_name(space, IOT_PORT,
                                   MACH_PORT_TYPE_RECEIVE, 0,
                                   name, (ipc_object_t *) &port);
        if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS)
                return kr;

        /* port is locked */

        ipc_port_init(port, space, name);

#if     MACH_ASSERT
        ipc_port_init_debug(port, &buf[0], IP_CALLSTACK_MAX);
#endif  /* MACH_ASSERT */       

        *portp = port;

        return KERN_SUCCESS;
}

/*
 *      Routine:        ipc_port_spnotify
 *      Purpose:
 *              Generate send-possible port notifications.
 *      Conditions:
 *              Nothing locked, reference held on port.
 */
void
ipc_port_spnotify(
        ipc_port_t      port)
{
        ipc_port_request_index_t index = 0;
        ipc_table_elems_t size = 0;

        /*
         * If the port has no send-possible request
         * armed, don't bother to lock the port.
         */
        if (port->ip_sprequests == 0)
                return;

        ip_lock(port);
        
#if IMPORTANCE_INHERITANCE
        if (port->ip_spimportant != 0) {
                port->ip_spimportant = 0;
                if (ipc_port_importance_delta(port, IPID_OPTION_NORMAL, -1) == TRUE) {
                        ip_lock(port);
                }
        }
#endif /* IMPORTANCE_INHERITANCE */

        if (port->ip_sprequests == 0) {
                ip_unlock(port);
                return;
        }
        port->ip_sprequests = 0;

revalidate:
        if (ip_active(port)) {
                ipc_port_request_t requests;

                /* table may change each time port unlocked (reload) */
                requests = port->ip_requests;
                assert(requests != IPR_NULL);

                /*
                 * no need to go beyond table size when first
                 * we entered - those are future notifications.
                 */
                if (size == 0)
                        size = requests->ipr_size->its_size;

                /* no need to backtrack either */
                while (++index < size) {
                        ipc_port_request_t ipr = &requests[index];
                        mach_port_name_t name = ipr->ipr_name;
                        ipc_port_t soright = IPR_SOR_PORT(ipr->ipr_soright);
                        boolean_t armed = IPR_SOR_SPARMED(ipr->ipr_soright);

                        if (MACH_PORT_VALID(name) && armed && IP_VALID(soright)) {
                                /* claim send-once right - slot still inuse */
                                ipr->ipr_soright = IP_NULL;
                                ip_unlock(port);

                                ipc_notify_send_possible(soright, name);

                                ip_lock(port);
                                goto revalidate;
                        }
                }
        }
        ip_unlock(port);
        return;
}

/*
 *      Routine:        ipc_port_dnnotify
 *      Purpose:
 *              Generate dead name notifications for
 *              all outstanding dead-name and send-
 *              possible requests.
 *      Conditions:
 *              Nothing locked.
 *              Port must be inactive.
 *              Reference held on port.
 */
void
ipc_port_dnnotify(
        ipc_port_t      port)
{
        ipc_port_request_t requests = port->ip_requests;

        assert(!ip_active(port));
        if (requests != IPR_NULL) {
                ipc_table_size_t its = requests->ipr_size;
                ipc_table_elems_t size = its->its_size;
                ipc_port_request_index_t index;
                for (index = 1; index < size; index++) {
                        ipc_port_request_t ipr = &requests[index];
                        mach_port_name_t name = ipr->ipr_name;
                        ipc_port_t soright = IPR_SOR_PORT(ipr->ipr_soright);

                        if (MACH_PORT_VALID(name) && IP_VALID(soright)) {
                                ipc_notify_dead_name(soright, name);
                        }
                }
        }
}


/*
 *      Routine:        ipc_port_destroy
 *      Purpose:
 *              Destroys a port.  Cleans up queued messages.
 *
 *              If the port has a backup, it doesn't get destroyed,
 *              but is sent in a port-destroyed notification to the backup.
 *      Conditions:
 *              The port is locked and alive; nothing else locked.
 *              The caller has a reference, which is consumed.
 *              Afterwards, the port is unlocked and dead.
 */

void
ipc_port_destroy(ipc_port_t port)
{
        ipc_port_t pdrequest, nsrequest;
        ipc_mqueue_t mqueue;
        ipc_kmsg_t kmsg;

#if IMPORTANCE_INHERITANCE
        ipc_importance_task_t release_imp_task = IIT_NULL;
        thread_t self = current_thread();
        boolean_t top = (self->ith_assertions == 0);
        natural_t assertcnt = 0;
#endif /* IMPORTANCE_INHERITANCE */

        assert(ip_active(port));
        /* port->ip_receiver_name is garbage */
        /* port->ip_receiver/port->ip_destination is garbage */

        /* check for a backup port */
        pdrequest = port->ip_pdrequest;

#if IMPORTANCE_INHERITANCE
        /* determine how many assertions to drop and from whom */
        if (port->ip_tempowner != 0) {
                assert(top);
                release_imp_task = port->ip_imp_task;
                if (IIT_NULL != release_imp_task) {
                        port->ip_imp_task = IIT_NULL;
                        assertcnt = port->ip_impcount;
                }
                /* Otherwise, nothing to drop */
        } else {
                assertcnt = port->ip_impcount;
                if (pdrequest != IP_NULL)
                        /* mark in limbo for the journey */
                        port->ip_tempowner = 1;
        }

        if (top)
                self->ith_assertions = assertcnt;
#endif /* IMPORTANCE_INHERITANCE */

        if (pdrequest != IP_NULL) {
                /* clear receiver, don't destroy the port */
                (void)ipc_port_clear_receiver(port, FALSE);
                assert(port->ip_in_pset == 0);
                assert(port->ip_mscount == 0);

                /* we assume the ref for pdrequest */
                port->ip_pdrequest = IP_NULL;

                /* make port be in limbo */
                port->ip_receiver_name = MACH_PORT_NULL;
                port->ip_destination = IP_NULL;
                ip_unlock(port);

                /* consumes our refs for port and pdrequest */
                ipc_notify_port_destroyed(pdrequest, port);

                goto drop_assertions;
        }

        port->ip_object.io_bits &= ~IO_BITS_ACTIVE;
        port->ip_timestamp = ipc_port_timestamp();
        nsrequest = port->ip_nsrequest;

        /*
         * The mach_msg_* paths don't hold a port lock, they only hold a
         * reference to the port object. If a thread raced us and is now
         * blocked waiting for message reception on this mqueue (or waiting
         * for ipc_mqueue_full), it will never be woken up. We call
         * ipc_port_clear_receiver() here, _after_ the port has been marked
         * inactive, to wakeup any threads which may be blocked and ensure
         * that no other thread can get lost waiting for a wake up on a
         * port/mqueue that's been destroyed.
         */
        boolean_t reap_msgs = FALSE;
        reap_msgs = ipc_port_clear_receiver(port, TRUE); /* marks mqueue inactive */
        assert(port->ip_in_pset == 0);
        assert(port->ip_mscount == 0);

        /*
         * If the port has a preallocated message buffer and that buffer
         * is not inuse, free it.  If it has an inuse one, then the kmsg
         * free will detect that we freed the association and it can free it
         * like a normal buffer.
         *
         * Once the port is marked inactive we don't need to keep it locked.
         */
        if (IP_PREALLOC(port)) {
                ipc_port_t inuse_port;

                kmsg = port->ip_premsg;
                assert(kmsg != IKM_NULL);
                inuse_port = ikm_prealloc_inuse_port(kmsg);
                IP_CLEAR_PREALLOC(port, kmsg);
                ip_unlock(port);
                if (inuse_port != IP_NULL) {
                        assert(inuse_port == port);
                } else {
                        ipc_kmsg_free(kmsg);
                }
        } else {
                ip_unlock(port);
        }

        /* throw away no-senders request */
        if (nsrequest != IP_NULL)
                ipc_notify_send_once(nsrequest); /* consumes ref */

        /*
         * Reap any kmsg objects waiting to be destroyed.
         * This must be done after we've released the port lock.
         */
        if (reap_msgs)
                ipc_kmsg_reap_delayed();

        mqueue = &port->ip_messages;

        /* cleanup waitq related resources */
        ipc_mqueue_deinit(mqueue);

        /* generate dead-name notifications */
        ipc_port_dnnotify(port);

        ipc_kobject_destroy(port);

        ip_release(port); /* consume caller's ref */

 drop_assertions:
#if IMPORTANCE_INHERITANCE
        if (release_imp_task != IIT_NULL) {
                if (assertcnt > 0) {
                        assert(top);
                        self->ith_assertions = 0;
                        assert(ipc_importance_task_is_any_receiver_type(release_imp_task));
                        ipc_importance_task_drop_internal_assertion(release_imp_task, assertcnt);
                }
                ipc_importance_task_release(release_imp_task);

        } else if (assertcnt > 0) {
                if (top) {
                        self->ith_assertions = 0;
                        release_imp_task = current_task()->task_imp_base;
                        if (ipc_importance_task_is_any_receiver_type(release_imp_task)) {
                                ipc_importance_task_drop_internal_assertion(release_imp_task, assertcnt);
                        }
                }
        }
#endif /* IMPORTANCE_INHERITANCE */
}

/*
 *      Routine:        ipc_port_check_circularity
 *      Purpose:
 *              Check if queueing "port" in a message for "dest"
 *              would create a circular group of ports and messages.
 *
 *              If no circularity (FALSE returned), then "port"
 *              is changed from "in limbo" to "in transit".
 *
 *              That is, we want to set port->ip_destination == dest,
 *              but guaranteeing that this doesn't create a circle
 *              port->ip_destination->ip_destination->... == port
 *
 *      Conditions:
 *              No ports locked.  References held for "port" and "dest".
 */

boolean_t
ipc_port_check_circularity(
        ipc_port_t      port,
        ipc_port_t      dest)
{
#if IMPORTANCE_INHERITANCE
        /* adjust importance counts at the same time */
        return ipc_importance_check_circularity(port, dest);
#else
        ipc_port_t base;

        assert(port != IP_NULL);
        assert(dest != IP_NULL);

        if (port == dest)
                return TRUE;
        base = dest;

        /*
         *      First try a quick check that can run in parallel.
         *      No circularity if dest is not in transit.
         */
        ip_lock(port);
        if (ip_lock_try(dest)) {
                if (!ip_active(dest) ||
                    (dest->ip_receiver_name != MACH_PORT_NULL) ||
                    (dest->ip_destination == IP_NULL))
                        goto not_circular;

                /* dest is in transit; further checking necessary */

                ip_unlock(dest);
        }
        ip_unlock(port);

        ipc_port_multiple_lock(); /* massive serialization */

        /*
         *      Search for the end of the chain (a port not in transit),
         *      acquiring locks along the way.
         */

        for (;;) {
                ip_lock(base);

                if (!ip_active(base) ||
                    (base->ip_receiver_name != MACH_PORT_NULL) ||
                    (base->ip_destination == IP_NULL))
                        break;

                base = base->ip_destination;
        }

        /* all ports in chain from dest to base, inclusive, are locked */

        if (port == base) {
                /* circularity detected! */

                ipc_port_multiple_unlock();

                /* port (== base) is in limbo */

                assert(ip_active(port));
                assert(port->ip_receiver_name == MACH_PORT_NULL);
                assert(port->ip_destination == IP_NULL);

                while (dest != IP_NULL) {
                        ipc_port_t next;

                        /* dest is in transit or in limbo */

                        assert(ip_active(dest));
                        assert(dest->ip_receiver_name == MACH_PORT_NULL);

                        next = dest->ip_destination;
                        ip_unlock(dest);
                        dest = next;
                }

                return TRUE;
        }

        /*
         *      The guarantee:  lock port while the entire chain is locked.
         *      Once port is locked, we can take a reference to dest,
         *      add port to the chain, and unlock everything.
         */

        ip_lock(port);
        ipc_port_multiple_unlock();

    not_circular:

        /* port is in limbo */

        assert(ip_active(port));
        assert(port->ip_receiver_name == MACH_PORT_NULL);
        assert(port->ip_destination == IP_NULL);

        ip_reference(dest);
        port->ip_destination = dest;

        /* now unlock chain */

        ip_unlock(port);

        for (;;) {
                if (dest == base)
                        break;

                /* port is in transit */

                assert(ip_active(dest));
                assert(dest->ip_receiver_name == MACH_PORT_NULL);
                assert(dest->ip_destination != IP_NULL);

                port = dest->ip_destination;
                ip_unlock(dest);
                dest = port;
        }

        /* base is not in transit */
        assert(!ip_active(base) ||
               (base->ip_receiver_name != MACH_PORT_NULL) ||
               (base->ip_destination == IP_NULL));

        ip_unlock(base);

        return FALSE;
#endif /* !IMPORTANCE_INHERITANCE */
}

/*
 *      Routine:        ipc_port_impcount_delta
 *      Purpose:
 *              Adjust only the importance count associated with a port.
 *              If there are any adjustments to be made to receiver task,
 *              those are handled elsewhere.
 *
 *              For now, be defensive during deductions to make sure the
 *              impcount for the port doesn't underflow zero.  This will
 *              go away when the port boost addition is made atomic (see
 *              note in ipc_port_importance_delta()).
 *      Conditions:
 *              The port is referenced and locked.
 *              Nothing else is locked.
 */
mach_port_delta_t
ipc_port_impcount_delta(
        ipc_port_t        port,
        mach_port_delta_t delta,
        ipc_port_t        __unused base)
{
        mach_port_delta_t absdelta; 

        if (!ip_active(port)) {
                return 0;
        }

        /* adding/doing nothing is easy */
        if (delta >= 0) {
                port->ip_impcount += delta;
                return delta;
        }

        absdelta = 0 - delta;           
        if (port->ip_impcount >= absdelta) {
                port->ip_impcount -= absdelta;
                return delta;
        }

#if (DEVELOPMENT || DEBUG)
        if (port->ip_receiver_name != MACH_PORT_NULL) {
                task_t target_task = port->ip_receiver->is_task;
                ipc_importance_task_t target_imp = target_task->task_imp_base;
                const char *target_procname;
                int target_pid;

                if (target_imp != IIT_NULL) {
                        target_procname = target_imp->iit_procname;
                        target_pid = target_imp->iit_bsd_pid;
                } else {
                        target_procname = "unknown";
                        target_pid = -1;
                }
                printf("Over-release of importance assertions for port 0x%x receiver pid %d (%s), "
                       "dropping %d assertion(s) but port only has %d remaining.\n",
                       port->ip_receiver_name, 
                       target_pid, target_procname,
                       absdelta, port->ip_impcount);

        } else if (base != IP_NULL) {
                task_t target_task = base->ip_receiver->is_task;
                ipc_importance_task_t target_imp = target_task->task_imp_base;
                const char *target_procname;
                int target_pid;

                if (target_imp != IIT_NULL) {
                        target_procname = target_imp->iit_procname;
                        target_pid = target_imp->iit_bsd_pid;
                } else {
                        target_procname = "unknown";
                        target_pid = -1;
                }
                printf("Over-release of importance assertions for port 0x%lx "
                       "enqueued on port 0x%x with receiver pid %d (%s), "
                       "dropping %d assertion(s) but port only has %d remaining.\n",
                       (unsigned long)VM_KERNEL_UNSLIDE_OR_PERM((uintptr_t)port),
                       base->ip_receiver_name,
                       target_pid, target_procname,
                       absdelta, port->ip_impcount);
        }
#endif

        delta = 0 - port->ip_impcount;
        port->ip_impcount = 0;
        return delta;
}

/*
 *      Routine:        ipc_port_importance_delta_internal
 *      Purpose:
 *              Adjust the importance count through the given port.
 *              If the port is in transit, apply the delta throughout
 *              the chain. Determine if the there is a task at the
 *              base of the chain that wants/needs to be adjusted,
 *              and if so, apply the delta.
 *      Conditions:
 *              The port is referenced and locked on entry.
 *              Importance may be locked.
 *              Nothing else is locked.
 *              The lock may be dropped on exit.
 *              Returns TRUE if lock was dropped.
 */
#if IMPORTANCE_INHERITANCE

boolean_t
ipc_port_importance_delta_internal(
        ipc_port_t              port,
        natural_t               options,
        mach_port_delta_t       *deltap,
        ipc_importance_task_t   *imp_task)
{
        ipc_port_t next, base;
        boolean_t dropped = FALSE;

        *imp_task = IIT_NULL;

        if (*deltap == 0)
                return FALSE;

        assert(options == IPID_OPTION_NORMAL || options == IPID_OPTION_SENDPOSSIBLE);

        base = port;

        /* if port is in transit, have to search for end of chain */
        if (ip_active(port) &&
            port->ip_destination != IP_NULL &&
            port->ip_receiver_name == MACH_PORT_NULL) {

                dropped = TRUE;

                ip_unlock(port);
                ipc_port_multiple_lock(); /* massive serialization */
                ip_lock(base);

                while(ip_active(base) &&
                      base->ip_destination != IP_NULL &&
                      base->ip_receiver_name == MACH_PORT_NULL) {

                        base = base->ip_destination;
                        ip_lock(base);
                }
                ipc_port_multiple_unlock();
        }

        /*
         * If the port lock is dropped b/c the port is in transit, there is a
         * race window where another thread can drain messages and/or fire a
         * send possible notification before we get here.
         *
         * We solve this race by checking to see if our caller armed the send
         * possible notification, whether or not it's been fired yet, and
         * whether or not we've already set the port's ip_spimportant bit. If
         * we don't need a send-possible boost, then we'll just apply a
         * harmless 0-boost to the port.
         */
        if (options & IPID_OPTION_SENDPOSSIBLE) {
                assert(*deltap == 1);
                if (port->ip_sprequests && port->ip_spimportant == 0)
                        port->ip_spimportant = 1;
                else
                        *deltap = 0;
        }

        /* unlock down to the base, adjusting boost(s) at each level */
        for (;;) {
                *deltap = ipc_port_impcount_delta(port, *deltap, base);

                if (port == base) {
                        break;
                }

                /* port is in transit */
                assert(port->ip_tempowner == 0);
                next = port->ip_destination;
                ip_unlock(port);
                port = next;
        }

        /* find the task (if any) to boost according to the base */
        if (ip_active(base)) {
                if (base->ip_tempowner != 0) {
                        if (IIT_NULL != base->ip_imp_task)
                                *imp_task = base->ip_imp_task;
                        /* otherwise don't boost */

                } else if (base->ip_receiver_name != MACH_PORT_NULL) {
                        ipc_space_t space = base->ip_receiver;

                        /* only spaces with boost-accepting tasks */
                        if (space->is_task != TASK_NULL &&
                            ipc_importance_task_is_any_receiver_type(space->is_task->task_imp_base)) {
                                *imp_task = space->is_task->task_imp_base;
                        }
                }
        }

        /*
         * Only the base is locked.  If we have to hold or drop task
         * importance assertions, we'll have to drop that lock as well.
         */
        if (*imp_task != IIT_NULL) {
                /* take a reference before unlocking base */
                ipc_importance_task_reference(*imp_task);
        }

        if (dropped == TRUE) {
                ip_unlock(base);
        }

        return dropped;
}
#endif /* IMPORTANCE_INHERITANCE */

/*
 *      Routine:        ipc_port_importance_delta
 *      Purpose:
 *              Adjust the importance count through the given port.
 *              If the port is in transit, apply the delta throughout
 *              the chain.
 *
 *              If there is a task at the base of the chain that wants/needs
 *              to be adjusted, apply the delta.
 *      Conditions:
 *              The port is referenced and locked on entry.
 *              Nothing else is locked.
 *              The lock may be dropped on exit.
 *              Returns TRUE if lock was dropped.
 */
#if IMPORTANCE_INHERITANCE

boolean_t
ipc_port_importance_delta(
        ipc_port_t              port,
        natural_t               options,
        mach_port_delta_t       delta)
{
        ipc_importance_task_t imp_task = IIT_NULL;
        boolean_t dropped;

        dropped = ipc_port_importance_delta_internal(port, options, &delta, &imp_task);

        if (IIT_NULL == imp_task || delta == 0)
                return dropped;

        if (!dropped)
                ip_unlock(port);

        assert(ipc_importance_task_is_any_receiver_type(imp_task));

        if (delta > 0)
                ipc_importance_task_hold_internal_assertion(imp_task, delta);
        else
                ipc_importance_task_drop_internal_assertion(imp_task, -delta);

        ipc_importance_task_release(imp_task);
        return TRUE;
}
#endif /* IMPORTANCE_INHERITANCE */

/*
 *      Routine:        ipc_port_lookup_notify
 *      Purpose:
 *              Make a send-once notify port from a receive right.
 *              Returns IP_NULL if name doesn't denote a receive right.
 *      Conditions:
 *              The space must be locked (read or write) and active.
 *              Being the active space, we can rely on thread server_id
 *              context to give us the proper server level sub-order
 *              within the space.
 */

ipc_port_t
ipc_port_lookup_notify(
        ipc_space_t             space,
        mach_port_name_t        name)
{
        ipc_port_t port;
        ipc_entry_t entry;

        assert(is_active(space));

        entry = ipc_entry_lookup(space, name);
        if (entry == IE_NULL)
                return IP_NULL;
        if ((entry->ie_bits & MACH_PORT_TYPE_RECEIVE) == 0)
                return IP_NULL;

        __IGNORE_WCASTALIGN(port = (ipc_port_t) entry->ie_object);
        assert(port != IP_NULL);

        ip_lock(port);
        assert(ip_active(port));
        assert(port->ip_receiver_name == name);
        assert(port->ip_receiver == space);

        ip_reference(port);
        port->ip_sorights++;
        ip_unlock(port);

        return port;
}

/*
 *      Routine:        ipc_port_make_send_locked
 *      Purpose:
 *              Make a naked send right from a receive right.
 *
 *      Conditions:
 *              port locked and active.
 */
ipc_port_t
ipc_port_make_send_locked(
        ipc_port_t      port)
{
        assert(ip_active(port));
        port->ip_mscount++;
        port->ip_srights++;
        ip_reference(port);
        return port;
}

/*
 *      Routine:        ipc_port_make_send
 *      Purpose:
 *              Make a naked send right from a receive right.
 */

ipc_port_t
ipc_port_make_send(
        ipc_port_t      port)
{
        
        if (!IP_VALID(port))
                return port;

        ip_lock(port);
        if (ip_active(port)) {
                port->ip_mscount++;
                port->ip_srights++;
                ip_reference(port);
                ip_unlock(port);
                return port;
        }
        ip_unlock(port);
        return IP_DEAD;
}

/*
 *      Routine:        ipc_port_copy_send
 *      Purpose:
 *              Make a naked send right from another naked send right.
 *                      IP_NULL         -> IP_NULL
 *                      IP_DEAD         -> IP_DEAD
 *                      dead port       -> IP_DEAD
 *                      live port       -> port + ref
 *      Conditions:
 *              Nothing locked except possibly a space.
 */

ipc_port_t
ipc_port_copy_send(
        ipc_port_t      port)
{
        ipc_port_t sright;

        if (!IP_VALID(port))
                return port;

        ip_lock(port);
        if (ip_active(port)) {
                assert(port->ip_srights > 0);

                ip_reference(port);
                port->ip_srights++;
                sright = port;
        } else
                sright = IP_DEAD;
        ip_unlock(port);

        return sright;
}

/*
 *      Routine:        ipc_port_copyout_send
 *      Purpose:
 *              Copyout a naked send right (possibly null/dead),
 *              or if that fails, destroy the right.
 *      Conditions:
 *              Nothing locked.
 */

mach_port_name_t
ipc_port_copyout_send(
        ipc_port_t      sright,
        ipc_space_t     space)
{
        mach_port_name_t name;

        if (IP_VALID(sright)) {
                kern_return_t kr;

                kr = ipc_object_copyout(space, (ipc_object_t) sright,
                                        MACH_MSG_TYPE_PORT_SEND, TRUE, &name);
                if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS) {
                        ipc_port_release_send(sright);

                        if (kr == KERN_INVALID_CAPABILITY)
                                name = MACH_PORT_DEAD;
                        else
                                name = MACH_PORT_NULL;
                }
        } else
                name = CAST_MACH_PORT_TO_NAME(sright);

        return name;
}

/*
 *      Routine:        ipc_port_release_send
 *      Purpose:
 *              Release a naked send right.
 *              Consumes a ref for the port.
 *      Conditions:
 *              Nothing locked.
 */

void
ipc_port_release_send(
        ipc_port_t      port)
{
        ipc_port_t nsrequest = IP_NULL;
        mach_port_mscount_t mscount;

        if (!IP_VALID(port))
                return;

        ip_lock(port);

        assert(port->ip_srights > 0);
        port->ip_srights--;

        if (!ip_active(port)) {
                ip_unlock(port);
                ip_release(port);
                return;
        }

        if (port->ip_srights == 0 &&
            port->ip_nsrequest != IP_NULL) {
                nsrequest = port->ip_nsrequest;
                port->ip_nsrequest = IP_NULL;
                mscount = port->ip_mscount;
                ip_unlock(port);
                ip_release(port);
                ipc_notify_no_senders(nsrequest, mscount);
        } else {
                ip_unlock(port);
                ip_release(port);
        }
}

/*
 *      Routine:        ipc_port_make_sonce_locked
 *      Purpose:
 *              Make a naked send-once right from a receive right.
 *      Conditions:
 *              The port is locked and active.
 */

ipc_port_t
ipc_port_make_sonce_locked(
        ipc_port_t      port)
{
        assert(ip_active(port));
        port->ip_sorights++;
        ip_reference(port);
        return port;
}

/*
 *      Routine:        ipc_port_make_sonce
 *      Purpose:
 *              Make a naked send-once right from a receive right.
 *      Conditions:
 *              The port is not locked.
 */

ipc_port_t
ipc_port_make_sonce(
        ipc_port_t      port)
{
        if (!IP_VALID(port))
                return port;

        ip_lock(port);
        if (ip_active(port)) {
                port->ip_sorights++;
                ip_reference(port);
                ip_unlock(port);
                return port;
        }
        ip_unlock(port);
        return IP_DEAD;
}

/*
 *      Routine:        ipc_port_release_sonce
 *      Purpose:
 *              Release a naked send-once right.
 *              Consumes a ref for the port.
 *
 *              In normal situations, this is never used.
 *              Send-once rights are only consumed when
 *              a message (possibly a send-once notification)
 *              is sent to them.
 *      Conditions:
 *              Nothing locked except possibly a space.
 */

void
ipc_port_release_sonce(
        ipc_port_t      port)
{
        if (!IP_VALID(port))
                return;

        ip_lock(port);

        assert(port->ip_sorights > 0);

        port->ip_sorights--;

        ip_unlock(port);
        ip_release(port);
}

/*
 *      Routine:        ipc_port_release_receive
 *      Purpose:
 *              Release a naked (in limbo or in transit) receive right.
 *              Consumes a ref for the port; destroys the port.
 *      Conditions:
 *              Nothing locked.
 */

void
ipc_port_release_receive(
        ipc_port_t      port)
{
        ipc_port_t dest;

        if (!IP_VALID(port))
                return;

        ip_lock(port);
        assert(ip_active(port));
        assert(port->ip_receiver_name == MACH_PORT_NULL);
        dest = port->ip_destination;

        ipc_port_destroy(port); /* consumes ref, unlocks */

        if (dest != IP_NULL)
                ip_release(dest);
}

/*
 *      Routine:        ipc_port_alloc_special
 *      Purpose:
 *              Allocate a port in a special space.
 *              The new port is returned with one ref.
 *              If unsuccessful, IP_NULL is returned.
 *      Conditions:
 *              Nothing locked.
 */

ipc_port_t
ipc_port_alloc_special(
        ipc_space_t     space)
{
        ipc_port_t port;

        __IGNORE_WCASTALIGN(port = (ipc_port_t) io_alloc(IOT_PORT));
        if (port == IP_NULL)
                return IP_NULL;

#if     MACH_ASSERT
        uintptr_t buf[IP_CALLSTACK_MAX];
        ipc_port_callstack_init_debug(&buf[0], IP_CALLSTACK_MAX);
#endif /* MACH_ASSERT */        

        bzero((char *)port, sizeof(*port));
        io_lock_init(&port->ip_object);
        port->ip_references = 1;
        port->ip_object.io_bits = io_makebits(TRUE, IOT_PORT, 0);

        ipc_port_init(port, space, 1);

#if     MACH_ASSERT
        ipc_port_init_debug(port, &buf[0], IP_CALLSTACK_MAX);
#endif  /* MACH_ASSERT */               

        return port;
}

/*
 *      Routine:        ipc_port_dealloc_special
 *      Purpose:
 *              Deallocate a port in a special space.
 *              Consumes one ref for the port.
 *      Conditions:
 *              Nothing locked.
 */

void
ipc_port_dealloc_special(
        ipc_port_t                      port,
        __assert_only ipc_space_t       space)
{
        ip_lock(port);
        assert(ip_active(port));
//      assert(port->ip_receiver_name != MACH_PORT_NULL);
        assert(port->ip_receiver == space);

        /*
         *      We clear ip_receiver_name and ip_receiver to simplify
         *      the ipc_space_kernel check in ipc_mqueue_send.
         */

        port->ip_receiver_name = MACH_PORT_NULL;
        port->ip_receiver = IS_NULL;

        /* relevant part of ipc_port_clear_receiver */
        ipc_port_set_mscount(port, 0);
        port->ip_messages.imq_seqno = 0;

        ipc_port_destroy(port);
}

/*
 *      Routine:        ipc_port_finalize
 *      Purpose:
 *              Called on last reference deallocate to
 *              free any remaining data associated with the
 *              port.
 *      Conditions:
 *              Nothing locked.
 */
void
ipc_port_finalize(
        ipc_port_t              port)
{
        ipc_port_request_t requests = port->ip_requests;

        assert(!ip_active(port));
        if (requests != IPR_NULL) {
                ipc_table_size_t its = requests->ipr_size;
                it_requests_free(its, requests);
                port->ip_requests = IPR_NULL;
        }

        ipc_mqueue_deinit(&port->ip_messages);
        
#if     MACH_ASSERT
        ipc_port_track_dealloc(port);
#endif  /* MACH_ASSERT */
}

/*
 *      Routine:        kdp_mqueue_send_find_owner
 *      Purpose:
 *              Discover the owner of the ipc_mqueue that contains the input
 *              waitq object. The thread blocked on the waitq should be
 *              waiting for an IPC_MQUEUE_FULL event.
 *      Conditions:
 *              The 'waitinfo->wait_type' value should already be set to
 *              kThreadWaitPortSend.
 *      Note:
 *              If we find out that the containing port is actually in
 *              transit, we reset the wait_type field to reflect this.
 */
void
kdp_mqueue_send_find_owner(struct waitq * waitq, __assert_only event64_t event, thread_waitinfo_t * waitinfo)
{
        assert(waitinfo->wait_type == kThreadWaitPortSend);
        assert(event == IPC_MQUEUE_FULL);

        ipc_mqueue_t mqueue = imq_from_waitq(waitq);
        ipc_port_t port     = ip_from_mq(mqueue); /* we are blocking on send */
        assert(kdp_is_in_zone(port, "ipc ports"));

        waitinfo->owner = 0;
        waitinfo->context  = VM_KERNEL_UNSLIDE_OR_PERM(port);
        if (ip_lock_held_kdp(port)) {
                /*
                 * someone has the port locked: it may be in an
                 * inconsistent state: bail
                 */
                waitinfo->owner = STACKSHOT_WAITOWNER_PORT_LOCKED;
                return;
        }

        if (ip_active(port)) {
                if (port->ip_tempowner) {
                        if (port->ip_imp_task != IIT_NULL) {
                                /* port is held by a tempowner */
                                waitinfo->owner = pid_from_task(port->ip_imp_task->iit_task);
                        } else {
                                waitinfo->owner = STACKSHOT_WAITOWNER_INTRANSIT;
                        }
                } else if (port->ip_receiver_name) {
                        /* port in a space */
                        if (port->ip_receiver == ipc_space_kernel) {
                                /*
                                 * The kernel pid is 0, make this
                                 * distinguishable from no-owner and
                                 * inconsistent port state.
                                 */
                                waitinfo->owner = STACKSHOT_WAITOWNER_KERNEL;
                        } else {
                                waitinfo->owner = pid_from_task(port->ip_receiver->is_task);
                        }
                } else if (port->ip_destination != IP_NULL) {
                        /* port in transit */
                        waitinfo->wait_type = kThreadWaitPortSendInTransit;
                        waitinfo->owner     = VM_KERNEL_UNSLIDE_OR_PERM(port->ip_destination);
                }
        }
}

/*
 *      Routine:        kdp_mqueue_recv_find_owner
 *      Purpose:
 *              Discover the "owner" of the ipc_mqueue that contains the input
 *              waitq object. The thread blocked on the waitq is trying to
 *              receive on the mqueue.
 *      Conditions:
 *              The 'waitinfo->wait_type' value should already be set to
 *              kThreadWaitPortReceive.
 *      Note:
 *              If we find that we are actualy waiting on a port set, we reset
 *              the wait_type field to reflect this.
 */
void
kdp_mqueue_recv_find_owner(struct waitq * waitq, __assert_only event64_t event, thread_waitinfo_t * waitinfo)
{
        assert(waitinfo->wait_type == kThreadWaitPortReceive);
        assert(event == IPC_MQUEUE_RECEIVE);

        ipc_mqueue_t mqueue = imq_from_waitq(waitq);
        waitinfo->owner     = 0;
        if (imq_is_set(mqueue)) { /* we are waiting on a port set */
                ipc_pset_t set = ips_from_mq(mqueue);
                assert(kdp_is_in_zone(set, "ipc port sets"));

                /* Reset wait type to specify waiting on port set receive */
                waitinfo->wait_type = kThreadWaitPortSetReceive;
                waitinfo->context   = VM_KERNEL_UNSLIDE_OR_PERM(set);
                if (ips_lock_held_kdp(set)) {
                        waitinfo->owner = STACKSHOT_WAITOWNER_PSET_LOCKED;
                }
                /* There is no specific owner "at the other end" of a port set, so leave unset. */
        } else {
                ipc_port_t port   = ip_from_mq(mqueue);
                assert(kdp_is_in_zone(port, "ipc ports"));

                waitinfo->context = VM_KERNEL_UNSLIDE_OR_PERM(port);
                if (ip_lock_held_kdp(port)) {
                        waitinfo->owner = STACKSHOT_WAITOWNER_PORT_LOCKED;
                        return;
                }

                if (ip_active(port)) {
                        if (port->ip_receiver_name != MACH_PORT_NULL) {
                                waitinfo->owner = port->ip_receiver_name;
                        } else {
                                waitinfo->owner = STACKSHOT_WAITOWNER_INTRANSIT;
                        }
                }
        }
}

#if     MACH_ASSERT
#include <kern/machine.h>

/*
 *      Keep a list of all allocated ports.
 *      Allocation is intercepted via ipc_port_init;
 *      deallocation is intercepted via io_free.
 */
#if 0
queue_head_t    port_alloc_queue;
lck_spin_t      port_alloc_queue_lock;
#endif

unsigned long   port_count = 0;
unsigned long   port_count_warning = 20000;
unsigned long   port_timestamp = 0;

void            db_port_stack_trace(
                        ipc_port_t      port);
void            db_ref(
                        int             refs);
int             db_port_walk(
                        unsigned int    verbose,
                        unsigned int    display,
                        unsigned int    ref_search,
                        unsigned int    ref_target);

/*
 *      Initialize global state needed for run-time
 *      port debugging.
 */
void
ipc_port_debug_init(void)
{
#if 0
        queue_init(&port_alloc_queue);
        lck_spin_init(&port_alloc_queue_lock, &ipc_lck_grp, &ipc_lck_attr);
#endif

        if (!PE_parse_boot_argn("ipc_portbt", &ipc_portbt, sizeof (ipc_portbt)))
                ipc_portbt = 0;
}

#ifdef MACH_BSD
extern int proc_pid(struct proc*);
#endif /* MACH_BSD */

/*
 *      Initialize all of the debugging state in a port.
 *      Insert the port into a global list of all allocated ports.
 */
void
ipc_port_init_debug(
        ipc_port_t      port,
        uintptr_t       *callstack,
        unsigned int    callstack_max)
{
        unsigned int    i;

        port->ip_thread = current_thread();
        port->ip_timetrack = port_timestamp++;
        for (i = 0; i < callstack_max; ++i)
                port->ip_callstack[i] = callstack[i];   
        for (i = 0; i < IP_NSPARES; ++i)
                port->ip_spares[i] = 0; 

#ifdef MACH_BSD
        task_t task = current_task();
        if (task != TASK_NULL) {
                struct proc* proc = (struct proc*) get_bsdtask_info(task);
                if (proc)
                        port->ip_spares[0] = proc_pid(proc);
        }
#endif /* MACH_BSD */

#if 0
        lck_spin_lock(&port_alloc_queue_lock);
        ++port_count;
        if (port_count_warning > 0 && port_count >= port_count_warning)
                assert(port_count < port_count_warning);
        queue_enter(&port_alloc_queue, port, ipc_port_t, ip_port_links);
        lck_spin_unlock(&port_alloc_queue_lock);
#endif
}

/*
 *      Routine:        ipc_port_callstack_init_debug
 *      Purpose:
 *              Calls the machine-dependent routine to
 *              fill in an array with up to IP_CALLSTACK_MAX
 *              levels of return pc information
 *      Conditions:
 *              May block (via copyin)
 */
void
ipc_port_callstack_init_debug(
        uintptr_t       *callstack,
        unsigned int    callstack_max)
{
        unsigned int    i;

        /* guarantee the callstack is initialized */
        for (i=0; i < callstack_max; i++)
                callstack[i] = 0;       

        if (ipc_portbt)
                machine_callstack(callstack, callstack_max);
}

/*
 *      Remove a port from the queue of allocated ports.
 *      This routine should be invoked JUST prior to
 *      deallocating the actual memory occupied by the port.
 */
#if 1
void
ipc_port_track_dealloc(
        __unused ipc_port_t     port)
{
}
#else
void
ipc_port_track_dealloc(
        ipc_port_t              port)
{
        lck_spin_lock(&port_alloc_queue_lock);
        assert(port_count > 0);
        --port_count;
        queue_remove(&port_alloc_queue, port, ipc_port_t, ip_port_links);
        lck_spin_unlock(&port_alloc_queue_lock);
}
#endif


#endif  /* MACH_ASSERT */