iokit/IOKit/IOLib.h

   1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1998-2016 Apple Computer, Inc. All rights reserved.
   3  *
   4  * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_START@
   5  *
   6  * This file contains Original Code and/or Modifications of Original Code
   7  * as defined in and that are subject to the Apple Public Source License
   8  * Version 2.0 (the 'License'). You may not use this file except in
   9  * compliance with the License. The rights granted to you under the License
  10  * may not be used to create, or enable the creation or redistribution of,
  11  * unlawful or unlicensed copies of an Apple operating system, or to
  12  * circumvent, violate, or enable the circumvention or violation of, any
  13  * terms of an Apple operating system software license agreement.
  14  *
  15  * Please obtain a copy of the License at
  16  * http://www.opensource.apple.com/apsl/ and read it before using this file.
  17  *
  18  * The Original Code and all software distributed under the License are
  19  * distributed on an 'AS IS' basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER
  20  * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AND APPLE HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL SUCH WARRANTIES,
  21  * INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
  22  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, QUIET ENJOYMENT OR NON-INFRINGEMENT.
  23  * Please see the License for the specific language governing rights and
  24  * limitations under the License.
  25  *
  26  * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_END@
  27  */
  28 /*
  29  * Copyright (c) 1998 Apple Computer, Inc.  All rights reserved.
  30  *
  31  * HISTORY
  32  *
  33  */
  34
  35 #ifndef __IOKIT_IOLIB_H
  36 #define __IOKIT_IOLIB_H
  37
  38 #ifndef KERNEL
  39 #error IOLib.h is for kernel use only
  40 #endif
  41
  42 #include <stdarg.h>
  43 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
  44
  45 #include <sys/appleapiopts.h>
  46
  47 #include <IOKit/system.h>
  48
  49 #include <IOKit/IOReturn.h>
  50 #include <IOKit/IOTypes.h>
  51 #include <IOKit/IOLocks.h>
  52
  53 #include <libkern/OSAtomic.h>
  54
  55 __BEGIN_DECLS
  56
  57 #include <kern/thread_call.h>
  58 #include <kern/clock.h>
  59
  60 /*
  61  * min/max macros.
  62  */
  63
  64 #define min(a,b) ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))
  65 #define max(a,b) ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
  66
  67 /*
  68  * These are opaque to the user.
  69  */
  70 typedef thread_t IOThread;
  71 typedef void (*IOThreadFunc)(void *argument);
  72
  73 /*
  74  * Memory allocation functions.
  75  */
  76
  77 /*! @function IOMalloc
  78     @abstract Allocates general purpose, wired memory in the kernel map.
  79     @discussion This is a general purpose utility to allocate memory in the kernel. There are no alignment guarantees given on the returned memory, and alignment may vary depending on the kernel configuration. This function may block and so should not be called from interrupt level or while a simple lock is held.
  80     @param size Size of the memory requested.
  81     @result Pointer to the allocated memory, or zero on failure. */
  82
  83 void * IOMalloc(vm_size_t size);
  84
  85 /*! @function IOFree
  86     @abstract Frees memory allocated with IOMalloc.
  87     @discussion This function frees memory allocated with IOMalloc, it may block and so should not be called from interrupt level or while a simple lock is held.
  88     @param address Pointer to the allocated memory. Must be identical to result
  89     @of a prior IOMalloc.
  90     @param size Size of the memory allocated. Must be identical to size of
  91     @the corresponding IOMalloc */
  92
  93 void   IOFree(void * address, vm_size_t size);
  94
  95 /*! @function IOMallocAligned
  96     @abstract Allocates wired memory in the kernel map, with an alignment restriction.
  97     @discussion This is a utility to allocate memory in the kernel, with an alignment restriction which is specified as a byte count. This function may block and so should not be called from interrupt level or while a simple lock is held.
  98     @param size Size of the memory requested.
  99     @param alignment Byte count of the alignment for the memory. For example, pass 256 to get memory allocated at an address with bit 0-7 zero.
 100     @result Pointer to the allocated memory, or zero on failure. */
 101
 102 void * IOMallocAligned(vm_size_t size, vm_offset_t alignment);
 103
 104 /*! @function IOFreeAligned
 105     @abstract Frees memory allocated with IOMallocAligned.
 106     @discussion This function frees memory allocated with IOMallocAligned, it may block and so should not be called from interrupt level or while a simple lock is held.
 107     @param address Pointer to the allocated memory.
 108     @param size Size of the memory allocated. */
 109
 110 void   IOFreeAligned(void * address, vm_size_t size);
 111
 112 /*! @function IOMallocContiguous
 113     @abstract Deprecated - use IOBufferMemoryDescriptor. Allocates wired memory in the kernel map, with an alignment restriction and physically contiguous.
 114     @discussion This is a utility to allocate memory in the kernel, with an alignment restriction which is specified as a byte count, and will allocate only physically contiguous memory. The request may fail if memory is fragmented, and may cause large amounts of paging activity. This function may block and so should not be called from interrupt level or while a simple lock is held.
 115     @param size Size of the memory requested.
 116     @param alignment Byte count of the alignment for the memory. For example, pass 256 to get memory allocated at an address with bits 0-7 zero.
 117     @param physicalAddress IOMallocContiguous returns the physical address of the allocated memory here, if physicalAddress is a non-zero pointer. The physicalAddress argument is deprecated and should be passed as NULL. To obtain the physical address for a memory buffer, use the IODMACommand class in conjunction with the IOMemoryDescriptor or IOBufferMemoryDescriptor classes.
 118     @result Virtual address of the allocated memory, or zero on failure. */
 119
 120 void * IOMallocContiguous(vm_size_t size, vm_size_t alignment,
 121                            IOPhysicalAddress * physicalAddress) __attribute__((deprecated));
 122
 123 /*! @function IOFreeContiguous
 124     @abstract Deprecated - use IOBufferMemoryDescriptor. Frees memory allocated with IOMallocContiguous.
 125     @discussion This function frees memory allocated with IOMallocContiguous, it may block and so should not be called from interrupt level or while a simple lock is held.
 126     @param address Virtual address of the allocated memory.
 127     @param size Size of the memory allocated. */
 128
 129 void   IOFreeContiguous(void * address, vm_size_t size) __attribute__((deprecated));
 130
 131
 132 /*! @function IOMallocPageable
 133     @abstract Allocates pageable memory in the kernel map.
 134     @discussion This is a utility to allocate pageable memory in the kernel. This function may block and so should not be called from interrupt level or while a simple lock is held.
 135     @param size Size of the memory requested.
 136     @param alignment Byte count of the alignment for the memory. For example, pass 256 to get memory allocated at an address with bits 0-7 zero.
 137     @result Pointer to the allocated memory, or zero on failure. */
 138
 139 void * IOMallocPageable(vm_size_t size, vm_size_t alignment);
 140
 141 /*! @function IOFreePageable
 142     @abstract Frees memory allocated with IOMallocPageable.
 143     @discussion This function frees memory allocated with IOMallocPageable, it may block and so should not be called from interrupt level or while a simple lock is held.
 144     @param address Virtual address of the allocated memory.
 145     @param size Size of the memory allocated. */
 146
 147 void IOFreePageable(void * address, vm_size_t size);
 148
 149 /*
 150  * Typed memory allocation macros. Both may block.
 151  */
 152 #define IONew(type,number) \
 153 ( ((number) != 0 && ((vm_size_t) ((sizeof(type) * (number) / (number))) != sizeof(type)) /* overflow check 20847256 */ \
 154   ? 0 \
 155   : ((type*)IOMalloc(sizeof(type) * (number)))) )
 156
 157 #define IODelete(ptr,type,number) IOFree( (ptr) , sizeof(type) * (number) )
 158
 159 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 160 //
 161 //
 162 //      These functions are now implemented in IOMapper.cpp
 163 //
 164 //
 165 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 166
 167 /*! @function IOMappedRead8
 168     @abstract Read one byte from the desired "Physical" IOSpace address.
 169     @discussion Read one byte from the desired "Physical" IOSpace address.  This function allows the developer to read an address returned from any memory descriptor's getPhysicalSegment routine.  It can then be used by segmenting a physical page slightly to tag the physical page with its kernel space virtual address.
 170     @param address The desired address, as returned by IOMemoryDescriptor::getPhysicalSegment.
 171     @result Data contained at that location */
 172
 173 UInt8 IOMappedRead8(IOPhysicalAddress address);
 174
 175 /*! @function IOMappedRead16
 176     @abstract Read two bytes from the desired "Physical" IOSpace address.
 177     @discussion Read two bytes from the desired "Physical" IOSpace address.  This function allows the developer to read an address returned from any memory descriptor's getPhysicalSegment routine.  It can then be used by segmenting a physical page slightly to tag the physical page with its kernel space virtual address.
 178     @param address The desired address, as returned by IOMemoryDescriptor::getPhysicalSegment.
 179     @result Data contained at that location */
 180
 181 UInt16 IOMappedRead16(IOPhysicalAddress address);
 182
 183 /*! @function IOMappedRead32
 184     @abstract Read four bytes from the desired "Physical" IOSpace address.
 185     @discussion Read four bytes from the desired "Physical" IOSpace address.  This function allows the developer to read an address returned from any memory descriptor's getPhysicalSegment routine.  It can then be used by segmenting a physical page slightly to tag the physical page with its kernel space virtual address.
 186     @param address The desired address, as returned by IOMemoryDescriptor::getPhysicalSegment.
 187     @result Data contained at that location */
 188
 189 UInt32 IOMappedRead32(IOPhysicalAddress address);
 190
 191 /*! @function IOMappedRead64
 192     @abstract Read eight bytes from the desired "Physical" IOSpace address.
 193     @discussion Read eight bytes from the desired "Physical" IOSpace address.  This function allows the developer to read an address returned from any memory descriptor's getPhysicalSegment routine.  It can then be used by segmenting a physical page slightly to tag the physical page with its kernel space virtual address.
 194     @param address The desired address, as returned by IOMemoryDescriptor::getPhysicalSegment.
 195     @result Data contained at that location */
 196
 197 UInt64 IOMappedRead64(IOPhysicalAddress address);
 198
 199 /*! @function IOMappedWrite8
 200     @abstract Write one byte to the desired "Physical" IOSpace address.
 201     @discussion Write one byte to the desired "Physical" IOSpace address.  This function allows the developer to write to an address returned from any memory descriptor's getPhysicalSegment routine.
 202     @param address The desired address, as returned by IOMemoryDescriptor::getPhysicalSegment.
 203     @param value Data to be writen to the desired location */
 204
 205 void IOMappedWrite8(IOPhysicalAddress address, UInt8 value);
 206
 207 /*! @function IOMappedWrite16
 208     @abstract Write two bytes to the desired "Physical" IOSpace address.
 209     @discussion Write two bytes to the desired "Physical" IOSpace address.  This function allows the developer to write to an address returned from any memory descriptor's getPhysicalSegment routine.
 210     @param address The desired address, as returned by IOMemoryDescriptor::getPhysicalSegment.
 211     @param value Data to be writen to the desired location */
 212
 213 void IOMappedWrite16(IOPhysicalAddress address, UInt16 value);
 214
 215 /*! @function IOMappedWrite32
 216     @abstract Write four bytes to the desired "Physical" IOSpace address.
 217     @discussion Write four bytes to the desired "Physical" IOSpace address.  This function allows the developer to write to an address returned from any memory descriptor's getPhysicalSegment routine.
 218     @param address The desired address, as returned by IOMemoryDescriptor::getPhysicalSegment.
 219     @param value Data to be writen to the desired location */
 220
 221 void IOMappedWrite32(IOPhysicalAddress address, UInt32 value);
 222
 223 /*! @function IOMappedWrite64
 224     @abstract Write eight bytes to the desired "Physical" IOSpace address.
 225     @discussion Write eight bytes to the desired "Physical" IOSpace address.  This function allows the developer to write to an address returned from any memory descriptor's getPhysicalSegment routine.
 226     @param address The desired address, as returned by IOMemoryDescriptor::getPhysicalSegment.
 227     @param value Data to be writen to the desired location */
 228
 229 void IOMappedWrite64(IOPhysicalAddress address, UInt64 value);
 230
 231 /* This function is deprecated. Cache settings may be set for allocated memory with the IOBufferMemoryDescriptor api. */
 232
 233 IOReturn IOSetProcessorCacheMode( task_t task, IOVirtualAddress address,
 234                                   IOByteCount length, IOOptionBits cacheMode ) __attribute__((deprecated));
 235
 236 /*! @function IOFlushProcessorCache
 237     @abstract Flushes the processor cache for mapped memory.
 238     @discussion This function flushes the processor cache of an already mapped memory range. Note in most cases it is preferable to use IOMemoryDescriptor::prepare and complete to manage cache coherency since they are aware of the architecture's requirements. Flushing the processor cache is not required for coherency in most situations.
 239     @param task Task the memory is mapped into.
 240     @param address Virtual address of the memory.
 241     @param length Length of the range to set.
 242     @result An IOReturn code. */
 243
 244 IOReturn IOFlushProcessorCache( task_t task, IOVirtualAddress address,
 245                                   IOByteCount length );
 246
 247 /*! @function IOThreadSelf
 248     @abstract Returns the osfmk identifier for the currently running thread.
 249     @discussion This function returns the current thread (a pointer to the currently active osfmk thread_shuttle). */
 250
 251 #define IOThreadSelf() (current_thread())
 252
 253 /*! @function IOCreateThread
 254     @abstract Deprecated function - use kernel_thread_start(). Create a kernel thread.
 255     @discussion This function creates a kernel thread, and passes the caller supplied argument to the new thread.  Warning: the value returned by this function is not 100% reliable.  There is a race condition where it is possible that the new thread has already terminated before this call returns.  Under that circumstance the IOThread returned will be invalid.  In general there is little that can be done with this value except compare it against 0.  The thread itself can call IOThreadSelf() 100% reliably and that is the prefered mechanism to manipulate the IOThreads state.
 256     @param function A C-function pointer where the thread will begin execution.
 257     @param argument Caller specified data to be passed to the new thread.
 258     @result An IOThread identifier for the new thread, equivalent to an osfmk thread_t. */
 259
 260 IOThread IOCreateThread(IOThreadFunc function, void *argument) __attribute__((deprecated));
 261
 262 /*! @function IOExitThread
 263     @abstract Deprecated function - use thread_terminate(). Terminate execution of current thread.
 264     @discussion This function destroys the currently running thread, and does not return. */
 265
 266 void IOExitThread(void) __attribute__((deprecated));
 267
 268 /*! @function IOSleep
 269     @abstract Sleep the calling thread for a number of milliseconds.
 270     @discussion This function blocks the calling thread for at least the number of specified milliseconds, giving time to other processes.
 271     @param milliseconds The integer number of milliseconds to wait. */
 272
 273 void IOSleep(unsigned milliseconds);
 274
 275 /*! @function IOSleepWithLeeway
 276     @abstract Sleep the calling thread for a number of milliseconds, with a specified leeway the kernel may use for timer coalescing.
 277     @discussion This function blocks the calling thread for at least the number of specified milliseconds, giving time to other processes.  The kernel may also coalesce any timers involved in the delay, using the leeway given as a guideline.
 278     @param intervalMilliseconds The integer number of milliseconds to wait.
 279     @param leewayMilliseconds The integer number of milliseconds to use as a timer coalescing guideline. */
 280
 281 void IOSleepWithLeeway(unsigned intervalMilliseconds, unsigned leewayMilliseconds);
 282
 283 /*! @function IODelay
 284     @abstract Spin delay for a number of microseconds.
 285     @discussion This function spins to delay for at least the number of specified microseconds. Since the CPU is busy spinning no time is made available to other processes; this method of delay should be used only for short periods. Also, the AbsoluteTime based APIs of kern/clock.h provide finer grained and lower cost delays.
 286     @param microseconds The integer number of microseconds to spin wait. */
 287
 288 void IODelay(unsigned microseconds);
 289
 290 /*! @function IOPause
 291     @abstract Spin delay for a number of nanoseconds.
 292     @discussion This function spins to delay for at least the number of specified nanoseconds. Since the CPU is busy spinning no time is made available to other processes; this method of delay should be used only for short periods.
 293     @param nanoseconds The integer number of nanoseconds to spin wait. */
 294
 295 void IOPause(unsigned nanoseconds);
 296
 297 /*! @function IOLog
 298     @abstract Log a message to console in text mode, and /var/log/system.log.
 299     @discussion This function allows a driver to log diagnostic information to the screen during verbose boots, and to a log file found at /var/log/system.log. IOLog should not be called from interrupt context.
 300     @param format A printf() style format string (see printf(3) documentation).
 301     */
 302
 303 void IOLog(const char *format, ...)
 304 __attribute__((format(printf, 1, 2)));
 305
 306 /*! @function IOLogv
 307     @abstract Log a message to console in text mode, and /var/log/system.log.
 308     @discussion This function allows a driver to log diagnostic information to the screen during verbose boots, and to a log file found at /var/log/system.log. IOLogv should not be called from interrupt context.
 309     @param format A printf() style format string (see printf(3) documentation).
 310     @param ap stdarg(3) style variable arguments. */
 311
 312 void IOLogv(const char *format, va_list ap);
 313
 314 #ifndef _FN_KPRINTF
 315 #define _FN_KPRINTF
 316 void kprintf(const char *format, ...);
 317 #endif
 318 #ifndef _FN_KPRINTF_DECLARED
 319 #define _FN_KPRINTF_DECLARED
 320 #endif
 321
 322 /*
 323  * Convert a integer constant (typically a #define or enum) to a string
 324  * via an array of IONamedValue.
 325  */
 326 const char *IOFindNameForValue(int value,
 327         const IONamedValue *namedValueArray);
 328
 329 /*
 330  * Convert a string to an int via an array of IONamedValue. Returns
 331  * kIOReturnSuccess of string found, else returns kIOReturnBadArgument.
 332  */
 333 IOReturn IOFindValueForName(const char *string,
 334         const IONamedValue *regValueArray,
 335         int *value);                            /* RETURNED */
 336
 337 /*! @function Debugger
 338     @abstract Enter the kernel debugger.
 339     @discussion This function freezes the kernel and enters the builtin debugger. It may not be possible to exit the debugger without a second machine.
 340     @param reason A C-string to describe why the debugger is being entered. */
 341
 342 void Debugger(const char * reason);
 343 #if __LP64__
 344 #define IOPanic(reason) panic("%s", reason)
 345 #else
 346 void IOPanic(const char *reason) __attribute__((deprecated));
 347 #endif
 348
 349 #ifdef __cplusplus
 350 class OSDictionary;
 351 #endif
 352
 353 #ifdef __cplusplus
 354 OSDictionary *
 355 #else
 356 struct OSDictionary *
 357 #endif
 358 IOBSDNameMatching( const char * name );
 359
 360 #ifdef __cplusplus
 361 OSDictionary *
 362 #else
 363 struct OSDictionary *
 364 #endif
 365 IOOFPathMatching( const char * path, char * buf, int maxLen ) __attribute__((deprecated));
 366
 367 /*
 368  * Convert between size and a power-of-two alignment.
 369  */
 370 IOAlignment IOSizeToAlignment(unsigned int size);
 371 unsigned int IOAlignmentToSize(IOAlignment align);
 372
 373 /*
 374  * Multiply and divide routines for IOFixed datatype.
 375  */
 376
 377 static inline IOFixed IOFixedMultiply(IOFixed a, IOFixed b)
 378 {
 379     return (IOFixed)((((SInt64) a) * ((SInt64) b)) >> 16);
 380 }
 381
 382 static inline IOFixed IOFixedDivide(IOFixed a, IOFixed b)
 383 {
 384     return (IOFixed)((((SInt64) a) << 16) / ((SInt64) b));
 385 }
 386
 387 /*
 388  * IORound and IOTrunc convenience functions, in the spirit
 389  * of vm's round_page() and trunc_page().
 390  */
 391 #define IORound(value,multiple) \
 392         ((((value) + (multiple) - 1) / (multiple)) * (multiple))
 393
 394 #define IOTrunc(value,multiple) \
 395         (((value) / (multiple)) * (multiple));
 396
 397
 398 #if defined(__APPLE_API_OBSOLETE)
 399
 400 /* The following API is deprecated */
 401
 402 /* The API exported by kern/clock.h
 403    should be used for high resolution timing. */
 404
 405 void IOGetTime( mach_timespec_t * clock_time) __attribute__((deprecated));
 406
 407 #if !defined(__LP64__)
 408
 409 #undef eieio
 410 #define eieio() \
 411     OSSynchronizeIO()
 412
 413 extern mach_timespec_t IOZeroTvalspec;
 414
 415 #endif /* !defined(__LP64__) */
 416
 417 #endif /* __APPLE_API_OBSOLETE */
 418
 419 #if XNU_KERNEL_PRIVATE
 420 vm_tag_t
 421 IOMemoryTag(vm_map_t map);
 422 #endif
 423
 424 __END_DECLS
 425
 426 #endif /* !__IOKIT_IOLIB_H */