bsd/man/man2/_exit.2

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  34 .\"     @(#)_exit.2     8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93
  35 .\"
  36 .Dd June 4, 1993
  37 .Dt EXIT 2
  38 .Os BSD 4
  39 .Sh NAME
  40 .Nm _exit
  41 .Nd terminate the calling process
  42 .Sh SYNOPSIS
  43 .Fd #include <unistd.h>
  44 .Ft void
  45 .Fn _exit "int status"
  46 .Sh DESCRIPTION
  47 The
  48 .Fn _exit
  49 function
  50 terminates a process with the following consequences:
  51 .Bl -bullet
  52 .It
  53 All of the descriptors open in the calling process are closed.
  54 This may entail delays, for example, waiting for output to drain;
  55 a process in this state may not be killed, as it is already dying.
  56 .It
  57 If the parent process of the calling process has an outstanding
  58 .Xr wait
  59 call
  60 or catches the
  61 .Dv SIGCHLD
  62 signal,
  63 it is notified of the calling process's termination and
  64 the
  65 .Em status
  66 is set as defined by
  67 .Xr wait 2 .
  68 .It
  69 The parent process-ID of all of the calling process's existing child
  70 processes are set to 1; the initialization process
  71 (see the DEFINITIONS section of
  72 .Xr intro 2 )
  73 inherits each of these processes.
  74 .It
  75 If the termination of the process causes any process group
  76 to become orphaned (usually because the parents of all members
  77 of the group have now exited; see
  78 .Dq orphaned process group
  79 in
  80 .Xr intro 2 ) ,
  81 and if any member of the orphaned group is stopped,
  82 the
  83 .Dv SIGHUP
  84 signal and the
  85 .Dv SIGCONT
  86 signal are sent to all members of the newly-orphaned process group.
  87 .It
  88 If the process is a controlling process (see
  89 .Xr intro 2 ) ,
  90 the
  91 .Dv SIGHUP
  92 signal is sent to the foreground process group of the controlling terminal,
  93 and all current access to the controlling terminal is revoked.
  94 .El
  95 .Pp
  96 Most C programs call the library routine
  97 .Xr exit 3 ,
  98 which flushes buffers, closes streams, unlinks temporary files, etc.,
  99 before
 100 calling
 101 .Fn _exit .
 102 .Sh RETURN VALUE
 103 .Fn _exit
 104 can never return.
 105 .Sh SEE ALSO
 106 .Xr fork 2 ,
 107 .Xr sigaction 2 ,
 108 .Xr wait 2 ,
 109 .Xr exit 3
 110 .Sh STANDARDS
 111 The
 112 .Nm _exit
 113 function is defined by
 114 .St -p1003.1-88 .