bsd/man/man2/bind.2

   1 .\"     $NetBSD: bind.2,v 1.8 1995/10/12 15:40:46 jtc Exp $
   2 .\"
   3 .\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1993
   4 .\"     The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
   5 .\"
   6 .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   7 .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   8 .\" are met:
   9 .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  10 .\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  11 .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  12 .\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  13 .\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  14 .\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
  15 .\"    must display the following acknowledgement:
  16 .\"     This product includes software developed by the University of
  17 .\"     California, Berkeley and its contributors.
  18 .\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
  19 .\"    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
  20 .\"    without specific prior written permission.
  21 .\"
  22 .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
  23 .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  24 .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  25 .\" ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
  26 .\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
  27 .\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
  28 .\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
  29 .\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
  30 .\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
  31 .\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
  32 .\" SUCH DAMAGE.
  33 .\"
  34 .\"     @(#)bind.2      8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93
  35 .\"
  36 .Dd June 4, 1993
  37 .Dt BIND 2
  38 .Os BSD 4.2
  39 .Sh NAME
  40 .Nm bind
  41 .Nd bind a name to a socket
  42 .Sh SYNOPSIS
  43 .Fd #include <sys/socket.h>
  44 .Ft int
  45 .Fo bind
  46 .Fa "int socket"
  47 .Fa "const struct sockaddr *address"
  48 .Fa "socklen_t address_len"
  49 .Fc
  50 .Sh DESCRIPTION
  51 .Fn Bind
  52 assigns a name to an unnamed socket.
  53 When a socket is created
  54 with
  55 .Xr socket 2
  56 it exists in a name space (address family)
  57 but has no name assigned.
  58 .Fn Bind
  59 requests that
  60 .Fa address
  61 be assigned to the socket.
  62 .Sh NOTES
  63 Binding a name in the UNIX domain creates a socket in the file
  64 system that must be deleted by the caller when it is no longer
  65 needed (using
  66 .Xr unlink 2 ) .
  67 .Pp
  68 The rules used in name binding vary between communication domains.
  69 Consult the manual entries in section 4 for detailed information.
  70 .Sh RETURN VALUES
  71 Upon successful completion, a value of 0 is returned.
  72 Otherwise, a value of -1 is returned and the global integer variable
  73 .Va errno
  74 is set to indicate the error.
  75 .Sh ERRORS
  76 The
  77 .Fn bind
  78 system call will fail if:
  79 .Bl -tag -width Er
  80 .\" ==========
  81 .It Bq Er EACCES
  82 The requested address is protected, and the current user
  83 has inadequate permission to access it.
  84 .\" ==========
  85 .It Bq Er EADDRINUSE
  86 The specified address is already in use.
  87 .\" ==========
  88 .It Bq Er EADDRNOTAVAIL
  89 The specified address is not available from the local machine.
  90 .\" ==========
  91 .It Bq Er EAFNOSUPPORT
  92 .Fa address
  93 is not valid for the address family of
  94 .Fa socket .
  95 .\" ==========
  96 .It Bq Er EBADF
  97 .Fa socket
  98 is not a valid file descriptor.
  99 .\" ==========
 100 .It Bq Er EDESTADDRREQ
 101 .Fa socket
 102 is a null pointer.
 103 .\" ==========
 104 .It Bq Er EFAULT
 105 The
 106 .Fa address
 107 parameter is not in a valid part of the user
 108 address space.
 109 .\" ==========
 110 .It Bq Er EINVAL
 111 .Fa socket
 112 is already bound to an address
 113 and the protocol does not support binding to a new address.
 114 Alternatively,
 115 .Fa socket
 116 may have been shut down.
 117 .\" ==========
 118 .It Bq Er ENOTSOCK
 119 .Fa socket
 120 does not refer to a socket.
 121 .\" ==========
 122 .It Bq Er EOPNOTSUPP
 123 .Fa socket
 124 is not of a type that can be bound to an address.
 125 .El
 126 .Pp
 127 The following errors are specific to binding names in the UNIX domain.
 128 .Bl -tag -width Er
 129 .\" ==========
 130 .It Bq Er EACCES
 131 A component of the path prefix does not allow searching
 132 or the node's parent directory denies write permission.
 133 .\" ==========
 134 .It Bq Er EIO
 135 An I/O error occurred while making the directory entry
 136 or allocating the inode.
 137 .\" ==========
 138 .It Bq Er EISDIR
 139 An empty pathname was specified.
 140 .\" ==========
 141 .It Bq Er ELOOP
 142 Too many symbolic links were encountered in translating the pathname.
 143 This is taken to be indicative of a looping symbolic link.
 144 .\" ==========
 145 .It Bq Er ENAMETOOLONG
 146 A component of a pathname exceeded
 147 .Dv {NAME_MAX}
 148 characters, or an entire path name exceeded
 149 .Dv {PATH_MAX}
 150 characters.
 151 .\" ==========
 152 .It Bq Er ENOENT
 153 A component of the path name does not refer to an existing file.
 154 .\" ==========
 155 .It Bq Er ENOTDIR
 156 A component of the path prefix is not a directory.
 157 .\" ==========
 158 .It Bq Er EROFS
 159 The name would reside on a read-only file system.
 160 .El
 161 .Sh LEGACY SYNOPSIS
 162 .Fd #include <sys/types.h>
 163 .Fd #include <sys/socket.h>
 164 .Pp
 165 The include file
 166 .In sys/types.h
 167 is necessary.
 168 .Sh SEE ALSO
 169 .Xr connect 2 ,
 170 .Xr getsockname 2 ,
 171 .Xr listen 2 ,
 172 .Xr socket 2 ,
 173 .Xr compat 5
 174 .Sh HISTORY
 175 The
 176 .Fn bind
 177 function call appeared in
 178 .Bx 4.2 .