2 * Copyright (c) 2000-2004 Apple Computer, Inc. All rights reserved.
4 * @APPLE_LICENSE_HEADER_START@
6 * The contents of this file constitute Original Code as defined in and
7 * are subject to the Apple Public Source License Version 1.1 (the
8 * "License"). You may not use this file except in compliance with the
9 * License. Please obtain a copy of the License at
10 * http://www.apple.com/publicsource and read it before using this file.
12 * This Original Code and all software distributed under the License are
13 * distributed on an "AS IS" basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER
14 * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AND APPLE HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL SUCH WARRANTIES,
15 * INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
16 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR NON-INFRINGEMENT. Please see the
17 * License for the specific language governing rights and limitations
20 * @APPLE_LICENSE_HEADER_END@
23 * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993
24 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
25 * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
26 * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed
27 * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph
28 * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with
29 * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
31 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
32 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
34 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
35 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
36 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
37 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
38 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
39 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
40 * must display the following acknowledgement:
41 * This product includes software developed by the University of
42 * California, Berkeley and its contributors.
43 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
44 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
45 * without specific prior written permission.
47 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
48 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
49 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
50 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
51 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
52 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
53 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
54 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
55 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
56 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
59 * @(#)init_main.c 8.16 (Berkeley) 5/14/95
64 * Mach Operating System
65 * Copyright (c) 1987 Carnegie-Mellon University
66 * All rights reserved. The CMU software License Agreement specifies
67 * the terms and conditions for use and redistribution.
70 #include <sys/param.h>
71 #include <sys/filedesc.h>
72 #include <sys/kernel.h>
73 #include <sys/mount_internal.h>
74 #include <sys/proc_internal.h>
75 #include <sys/kauth.h>
76 #include <sys/systm.h>
77 #include <sys/vnode_internal.h>
79 #include <sys/buf_internal.h>
80 #include <sys/clist.h>
83 #include <sys/systm.h>
86 #include <bsm/audit_kernel.h>
88 #include <sys/malloc.h>
89 #include <sys/dkstat.h>
91 #include <kern/startup.h>
92 #include <kern/thread.h>
93 #include <kern/task.h>
96 #include <mach/vm_param.h>
98 #include <vm/vm_map.h>
99 #include <vm/vm_kern.h>
101 #include <sys/ux_exception.h> /* for ux_exception_port */
103 #include <sys/reboot.h>
104 #include <mach/exception_types.h>
105 #include <dev/busvar.h> /* for pseudo_inits */
106 #include <sys/kdebug.h>
108 #include <mach/mach_types.h>
109 #include <mach/vm_prot.h>
110 #include <mach/semaphore.h>
111 #include <mach/sync_policy.h>
112 #include <kern/clock.h>
113 #include <mach/kern_return.h>
115 #include <mach/shared_memory_server.h>
116 #include <vm/vm_shared_memory_server.h>
118 #include <net/init.h>
120 #include <machine/exec.h>
122 extern int app_profile
; /* on/off switch for pre-heat cache */
125 "Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1993\n\t"
126 "The Regents of the University of California. "
127 "All rights reserved.\n\n";
129 extern void ux_handler();
131 /* Components of the first process -- never freed. */
133 struct session session0
;
135 struct filedesc filedesc0
;
136 struct plimit limit0
;
137 struct pstats pstats0
;
138 struct sigacts sigacts0
;
139 struct proc
*kernproc
, *initproc
;
147 /* Global variables to make pstat happy. We do swapping differently */
151 struct swdevt swdevt
[1];
153 dev_t rootdev
; /* device of the root */
154 dev_t dumpdev
; /* device to take dumps on */
155 long dumplo
; /* offset into dumpdev */
157 char hostname
[MAXHOSTNAMELEN
];
159 char domainname
[MAXDOMNAMELEN
];
162 struct exec_archhandler exec_archhandler_ppc
= {
163 .path
= "/usr/libexec/oah/translate",
166 struct exec_archhandler exec_archhandler_ppc
;
167 #endif /* __i386__ */
169 char rootdevice
[16]; /* hfs device names have at least 9 chars */
172 struct kmemstats kmemstats
[M_LAST
];
175 int lbolt
; /* awoken once a second */
176 struct vnode
*rootvp
;
177 int boothowto
= RB_DEBUG
;
179 #define BSD_PAGABLE_MAP_SIZE (16 * 512 * 1024)
180 vm_map_t bsd_pageable_map
;
182 semaphore_t execve_semaphore
;
185 extern int customnbuf
;
187 int parse_bsd_args(void);
188 extern int bsd_hardclockinit
;
189 extern task_t bsd_init_task
;
190 extern char init_task_failure_data
[];
191 extern void time_zone_slock_init(void);
192 static void process_name(char *, struct proc
*);
194 static void setconf(void);
196 funnel_t
*kernel_flock
;
198 extern void sysv_shm_lock_init(void);
199 extern void sysv_sem_lock_init(void);
200 extern void sysv_msg_lock_init(void);
201 extern void pshm_lock_init();
202 extern void psem_lock_init();
203 extern int maxprocperuid
;
205 /* kmem access not enabled by default; can be changed with boot-args */
208 extern void stackshot_lock_init();
211 * Initialization code.
212 * Called from cold start routine as
213 * soon as a stack and segmentation
214 * have been established.
217 * hand craft 0th process
218 * call all initialization routines
219 * hand craft 1st user process
223 * Sets the name for the given task.
230 int length
= strlen(s
);
233 length
>= sizeof(p
->p_comm
) ? sizeof(p
->p_comm
) :
237 /* To allow these values to be patched, they're globals here */
238 #include <machine/vmparam.h>
239 struct rlimit vm_initial_limit_stack
= { DFLSSIZ
, MAXSSIZ
};
240 struct rlimit vm_initial_limit_data
= { DFLDSIZ
, MAXDSIZ
};
241 struct rlimit vm_initial_limit_core
= { DFLCSIZ
, MAXCSIZ
};
243 extern thread_t
cloneproc(struct proc
*, int);
244 extern int (*mountroot
)(void);
245 extern int netboot_mountroot(); /* netboot.c */
246 extern int netboot_setup(struct proc
* p
);
248 lck_grp_t
* proc_lck_grp
;
249 lck_grp_attr_t
* proc_lck_grp_attr
;
250 lck_attr_t
* proc_lck_attr
;
252 /* hook called after root is mounted XXX temporary hack */
253 void (*mountroot_post_hook
)(void);
256 * This function is called very early on in the Mach startup, from the
257 * function start_kernel_threads() in osfmk/kern/startup.c. It's called
258 * in the context of the current (startup) task using a call to the
259 * function kernel_thread_create() to jump into start_kernel_threads().
260 * Internally, kernel_thread_create() calls thread_create_internal(),
261 * which calls uthread_alloc(). The function of uthread_alloc() is
262 * normally to allocate a uthread structure, and fill out the uu_sigmask,
263 * uu_act, and uu_ucred fields. It skips filling these out in the case
264 * of the "task" being "kernel_task", because the order of operation is
265 * inverted. To account for that, we need to manually fill in at least
266 * the uu_cred field so that the uthread structure can be used like any
272 register struct proc
*p
;
274 extern kauth_cred_t rootcred
;
279 struct vfs_context context
;
280 void lightning_bolt(void );
282 boolean_t funnel_state
;
283 struct ucred temp_cred
;
284 extern void file_lock_init(void);
286 kernel_flock
= funnel_alloc(KERNEL_FUNNEL
);
287 if (kernel_flock
== (funnel_t
*)0 ) {
288 panic("bsd_init: Failed to allocate kernel funnel");
291 funnel_state
= thread_funnel_set(kernel_flock
, TRUE
);
299 /* Initialize the uthread zone */
300 //uthread_zone_init(); /* XXX redundant: previous uthread_alloc() */
302 /* Initialize kauth subsystem before instancing the first credential */
305 /* Initialize process and pgrp structures. */
312 /* kernel_task->proc = kernproc; */
313 set_bsdtask_info(kernel_task
,(void *)p
);
316 /* give kernproc a name */
317 process_name("kernel_task", p
);
319 /* allocate proc lock group attribute and group */
320 proc_lck_grp_attr
= lck_grp_attr_alloc_init();
322 proc_lck_grp
= lck_grp_alloc_init("proc", proc_lck_grp_attr
);
324 /* Allocate proc lock attribute */
325 proc_lck_attr
= lck_attr_alloc_init();
327 lck_mtx_init(&p
->p_mlock
, proc_lck_grp
, proc_lck_attr
);
328 lck_mtx_init(&p
->p_fdmlock
, proc_lck_grp
, proc_lck_attr
);
330 if (current_task() != kernel_task
)
331 printf("bsd_init: We have a problem, "
332 "current task is not kernel task\n");
334 ut
= (uthread_t
)get_bsdthread_info(current_thread());
339 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&allproc
, p
, p_list
);
341 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(PGRPHASH(0), &pgrp0
, pg_hash
);
342 LIST_INIT(&pgrp0
.pg_members
);
343 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&pgrp0
.pg_members
, p
, p_pglist
);
345 pgrp0
.pg_session
= &session0
;
346 session0
.s_count
= 1;
347 session0
.s_leader
= p
;
349 p
->task
= kernel_task
;
352 p
->p_flag
= P_SYSTEM
;
355 lockinit(&p
->signal_lock
, PVM
, "signal", 0, 0);
356 TAILQ_INIT(&p
->p_uthlist
);
358 p
->sigwait_thread
= THREAD_NULL
;
359 p
->exit_thread
= THREAD_NULL
;
362 * Create credential. This also Initializes the audit information.
363 * XXX It is not clear what the initial values should be for audit ID,
364 * XXX session ID, etc..
366 bzero(&temp_cred
, sizeof(temp_cred
));
367 temp_cred
.cr_ngroups
= 1;
369 p
->p_ucred
= kauth_cred_create(&temp_cred
);
371 /* give the (already exisiting) initial thread a reference on it */
372 kauth_cred_ref(p
->p_ucred
);
373 ut
->uu_ucred
= p
->p_ucred
;
375 TAILQ_INIT(&p
->aio_activeq
);
376 TAILQ_INIT(&p
->aio_doneq
);
377 p
->aio_active_count
= 0;
378 p
->aio_done_count
= 0;
382 /* Create the file descriptor table. */
383 filedesc0
.fd_refcnt
= 1+1; /* +1 so shutdown will not _FREE_ZONE */
384 p
->p_fd
= &filedesc0
;
385 filedesc0
.fd_cmask
= cmask
;
386 filedesc0
.fd_knlistsize
= -1;
387 filedesc0
.fd_knlist
= NULL
;
388 filedesc0
.fd_knhash
= NULL
;
389 filedesc0
.fd_knhashmask
= 0;
391 /* Create the limits structures. */
392 p
->p_limit
= &limit0
;
393 for (i
= 0; i
< sizeof(p
->p_rlimit
)/sizeof(p
->p_rlimit
[0]); i
++)
394 limit0
.pl_rlimit
[i
].rlim_cur
=
395 limit0
.pl_rlimit
[i
].rlim_max
= RLIM_INFINITY
;
396 limit0
.pl_rlimit
[RLIMIT_NOFILE
].rlim_cur
= NOFILE
;
397 limit0
.pl_rlimit
[RLIMIT_NPROC
].rlim_cur
= maxprocperuid
;
398 limit0
.pl_rlimit
[RLIMIT_NPROC
].rlim_max
= maxproc
;
399 limit0
.pl_rlimit
[RLIMIT_STACK
] = vm_initial_limit_stack
;
400 limit0
.pl_rlimit
[RLIMIT_DATA
] = vm_initial_limit_data
;
401 limit0
.pl_rlimit
[RLIMIT_CORE
] = vm_initial_limit_core
;
404 p
->p_stats
= &pstats0
;
405 p
->p_sigacts
= &sigacts0
;
408 * Charge root for two processes: init and mach_init.
410 (void)chgproccnt(0, 1);
413 * Allocate a kernel submap for pageable memory
414 * for temporary copying (execve()).
419 ret
= kmem_suballoc(kernel_map
,
421 (vm_size_t
)BSD_PAGABLE_MAP_SIZE
,
425 if (ret
!= KERN_SUCCESS
)
426 panic("bsd_init: Failed to allocate bsd pageable map");
430 * Initialize buffers and hash links for buffers
432 * SIDE EFFECT: Starts a thread for bcleanbuf_thread(), so must
433 * happen after a credential has been associated with
438 /* Initialize the execve() semaphore */
439 ret
= semaphore_create(kernel_task
, &execve_semaphore
,
440 SYNC_POLICY_FIFO
, (BSD_PAGABLE_MAP_SIZE
/ NCARGS
));
441 if (ret
!= KERN_SUCCESS
)
442 panic("bsd_init: Failed to create execve semaphore");
445 * Initialize the calendar.
451 /* Initialize the file systems. */
454 /* Initialize mbuf's. */
458 * Initializes security event auditing.
459 * XXX: Should/could this occur later?
463 /* Initialize kqueues */
466 /* Initialize for async IO */
469 /* Initialize pipes */
472 /* Initialize SysV shm subsystem locks; the subsystem proper is
473 * initialized through a sysctl.
475 sysv_shm_lock_init();
476 sysv_sem_lock_init();
477 sysv_msg_lock_init();
481 /* POSIX Shm and Sem */
484 time_zone_slock_init();
486 /* Stack snapshot facility lock */
487 stackshot_lock_init();
489 * Initialize protocols. Block reception of incoming packets
490 * until everything is ready.
492 sysctl_register_fixed();
499 p
->p_fd
->fd_cdir
= NULL
;
500 p
->p_fd
->fd_rdir
= NULL
;
503 /* Initialize kernel profiling. */
507 /* kick off timeout driven events by calling first time */
508 thread_wakeup(&lbolt
);
509 timeout((void (*)(void *))lightning_bolt
, 0, hz
);
514 * We attach the loopback interface *way* down here to ensure
515 * it happens after autoconf(), otherwise it becomes the
516 * "primary" interface.
520 loopattach(); /* XXX */
523 /* Register the built-in dlil ethernet interface family */
526 /* Call any kext code that wants to run just after network init */
529 vnode_pager_bootstrap();
531 /* XXX Hack for early debug stop */
532 printf("\nabout to sleep for 10 seconds\n");
533 IOSleep( 10 * 1000 );
534 /* Debugger("hello"); */
539 /* Mount the root file system. */
544 bsd_hardclockinit
= -1; /* start ticking */
546 if (0 == (err
= vfs_mountroot()))
549 if (mountroot
== netboot_mountroot
) {
550 printf("cannot mount network root, errno = %d\n", err
);
552 if (0 == (err
= vfs_mountroot()))
556 printf("cannot mount root, errno = %d\n", err
);
557 boothowto
|= RB_ASKNAME
;
561 context
.vc_ucred
= p
->p_ucred
;
562 mountlist
.tqh_first
->mnt_flag
|= MNT_ROOTFS
;
564 /* Get the vnode for '/'. Set fdp->fd_fd.fd_cdir to reference it. */
565 if (VFS_ROOT(mountlist
.tqh_first
, &rootvnode
, &context
))
566 panic("bsd_init: cannot find root vnode");
567 rootvnode
->v_flag
|= VROOT
;
568 (void)vnode_ref(rootvnode
);
569 (void)vnode_put(rootvnode
);
570 filedesc0
.fd_cdir
= rootvnode
;
573 if (mountroot
== netboot_mountroot
) {
575 /* post mount setup */
576 if (err
= netboot_setup(p
)) {
577 panic("bsd_init: NetBoot could not find root, %d", err
);
583 microtime(&p
->p_stats
->p_start
);
584 p
->p_rtime
.tv_sec
= p
->p_rtime
.tv_usec
= 0;
588 extern void devfs_kernel_mount(char * str
);
590 devfs_kernel_mount("/dev");
594 /* Initialize signal state for process 0. */
597 bsd_utaskbootstrap();
600 // this should be done after the root filesystem is mounted
601 error
= set_archhandler(p
, CPU_TYPE_POWERPC
);
603 exec_archhandler_ppc
.path
[0] = 0;
606 /* invoke post-root-mount hook */
607 if (mountroot_post_hook
!= NULL
)
608 mountroot_post_hook();
610 (void) thread_funnel_set(kernel_flock
, funnel_state
);
613 /* Called with kernel funnel held */
617 struct proc
*p
= current_proc();
621 shared_region_mapping_t system_region
;
623 process_name("init", p
);
627 th_act
= current_thread();
628 (void) host_set_exception_ports(host_priv_self(),
629 EXC_MASK_ALL
& ~(EXC_MASK_SYSCALL
|
630 EXC_MASK_MACH_SYSCALL
|
633 EXCEPTION_DEFAULT
, 0);
635 (void) task_set_exception_ports(get_threadtask(th_act
),
636 EXC_MASK_ALL
& ~(EXC_MASK_SYSCALL
|
637 EXC_MASK_MACH_SYSCALL
|
640 EXCEPTION_DEFAULT
, 0);
645 ut
= (uthread_t
)get_bsdthread_info(th_act
);
647 bsd_hardclockinit
= 1; /* Start bsd hardclock */
648 bsd_init_task
= get_threadtask(th_act
);
649 init_task_failure_data
[0] = 0;
650 system_region
= lookup_default_shared_region(ENV_DEFAULT_ROOT
, cpu_type());
651 if (system_region
== NULL
) {
652 shared_file_boot_time_init(ENV_DEFAULT_ROOT
, cpu_type());
654 vm_set_shared_region(get_threadtask(th_act
), system_region
);
656 load_init_program(p
);
657 /* turn on app-profiling i.e. pre-heating */
665 boolean_t funnel_state
;
666 extern void klogwakeup(void);
668 funnel_state
= thread_funnel_set(kernel_flock
, TRUE
);
670 thread_wakeup(&lbolt
);
671 timeout(lightning_bolt
,0,hz
);
674 (void) thread_funnel_set(kernel_flock
, FALSE
);
679 extern kern_return_t
IOKitBSDInit( void );
684 * Early startup for bsd pseudodevices.
687 struct pseudo_init
*pi
;
689 for (pi
= pseudo_inits
; pi
->ps_func
; pi
++)
690 (*pi
->ps_func
) (pi
->ps_count
);
693 return( IOKitBSDInit());
697 #include <sys/disklabel.h> /* for MAXPARTITIONS */
702 extern kern_return_t
IOFindBSDRoot( char * rootName
,
703 dev_t
* root
, u_int32_t
* flags
);
708 * calls into IOKit can generate networking registrations
709 * which needs to be under network funnel. Right thing to do
710 * here is to drop the funnel alltogether and regrab it afterwards
712 thread_funnel_set(kernel_flock
, FALSE
);
713 err
= IOFindBSDRoot( rootdevice
, &rootdev
, &flags
);
714 thread_funnel_set(kernel_flock
, TRUE
);
716 printf("setconf: IOFindBSDRoot returned an error (%d);"
717 "setting rootdevice to 'sd0a'.\n", err
); /* XXX DEBUG TEMP */
718 rootdev
= makedev( 6, 0 );
719 strcpy( rootdevice
, "sd0a" );
726 mountroot
= netboot_mountroot
;
729 /* otherwise have vfs determine root filesystem */
742 th_act
= cloneproc(kernproc
, 0);
744 /* Set the launch time for init */
745 microtime(&initproc
->p_stats
->p_start
);
747 ut
= (struct uthread
*)get_bsdthread_info(th_act
);
749 act_set_astbsd(th_act
);
750 (void) thread_resume(th_act
);
755 extern char init_args
[];
757 extern int boothowto
;
763 if (PE_parse_boot_arg("-s", namep
)) {
764 boothowto
|= RB_SINGLE
;
765 len
= strlen(init_args
);
767 strcat(init_args
," -s");
769 strcat(init_args
,"-s");
772 if (PE_parse_boot_arg("-b", namep
)) {
773 boothowto
|= RB_NOBOOTRC
;
774 len
= strlen(init_args
);
776 strcat(init_args
," -b");
778 strcat(init_args
,"-b");
781 if (PE_parse_boot_arg("-F", namep
)) {
782 len
= strlen(init_args
);
784 strcat(init_args
," -F");
786 strcat(init_args
,"-F");
789 if (PE_parse_boot_arg("-v", namep
)) {
790 len
= strlen(init_args
);
792 strcat(init_args
," -v");
794 strcat(init_args
,"-v");
797 if (PE_parse_boot_arg("-x", namep
)) { /* safe boot */
798 len
= strlen(init_args
);
800 strcat(init_args
," -x");
802 strcat(init_args
,"-x");
805 if (PE_parse_boot_arg("-d", namep
)) {
806 len
= strlen(init_args
);
808 strcat(init_args
," -d");
810 strcat(init_args
,"-d");
813 PE_parse_boot_arg("srv", &srv
);
814 PE_parse_boot_arg("ncl", &ncl
);
815 if (PE_parse_boot_arg("nbuf", &max_nbuf_headers
))
817 PE_parse_boot_arg("kmem", &setup_kmem
);