bsd/man/man2/mkdir.2

   1 .\"     $NetBSD: mkdir.2,v 1.8 1995/02/27 12:34:22 cgd Exp $
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  34 .\"     @(#)mkdir.2     8.2 (Berkeley) 12/11/93
  35 .\"
  36 .Dd December 11, 1993
  37 .Dt MKDIR 2
  38 .Os BSD 4.2
  39 .Sh NAME
  40 .Nm mkdir ,
  41 .Nm mkdirat
  42 .Nd make a directory file
  43 .Sh SYNOPSIS
  44 .Fd #include <sys/stat.h>
  45 .Ft int
  46 .Fo mkdir
  47 .Fa "const char *path"
  48 .Fa "mode_t mode"
  49 .Fc
  50 .Ft int
  51 .Fn mkdirat "int fd" "const char *path" "mode_t mode"
  52 .Sh DESCRIPTION
  53 The directory
  54 .Fa path
  55 is created with the access permissions specified by
  56 .Fa mode
  57 and restricted by the
  58 .Xr umask 2
  59 of the calling process. See
  60 .Xr chmod 2
  61 for the possible permission bit masks for
  62 .Fa mode .
  63 .Pp
  64 The directory's owner ID is set to the process's effective user ID.
  65 The directory's group ID is set to that of the parent directory in
  66 which it is created.
  67 .Pp
  68 Note: the behavior of
  69 .Fn mkdir
  70 is undefined when mode bits other than the low 9 bits are used. Use
  71 .Xr chmod 2
  72 after
  73 .Fn mkdir
  74 to explicitly set the other bits (See example below).
  75 .Pp
  76 The
  77 .Fn mkdirat
  78 system call is equivalent to
  79 .Fn mkdir
  80 except in the case where
  81 .Fa path
  82 specifies a relative path.
  83 In this case the newly created directory is created relative to the
  84 directory associated with the file descriptor
  85 .Fa fd
  86 instead of the current working directory.
  87 If
  88 .Fn mkdirat
  89 is passed the special value
  90 .Dv AT_FDCWD
  91 in the
  92 .Fa fd
  93 parameter, the current working directory is used and the behavior is
  94 identical to a call to
  95 .Fn mkdir .
  96 .Sh RETURN VALUES
  97 A 0 return value indicates success.  A -1 return value
  98 indicates an error, and an error code is stored in
  99 .Va errno .
 100 .Sh ERRORS
 101 .Fn mkdir
 102 will fail and no directory will be created if:
 103 .Bl -tag -width Er
 104 .\" ==========
 105 .It Bq Er EACCES
 106 Search permission is denied for a component of the path prefix.
 107 .\" ==========
 108 .It Bq Er EACCES
 109 Write permission is denied for the parent directory.
 110 .\" ==========
 111 .It Bq Er EDQUOT
 112 The new directory cannot be created because the user's
 113 quota of disk blocks on the file system that will
 114 contain the directory has been exhausted.
 115 .\" ==========
 116 .It Bq Er EDQUOT
 117 The user's quota of inodes on the file system on
 118 which the directory is being created has been exhausted.
 119 .\" ==========
 120 .It Bq Er EEXIST
 121 The named file exists.
 122 .\" ==========
 123 .It Bq Er EFAULT
 124 .Fa Path
 125 points outside the process's allocated address space.
 126 .\" ==========
 127 .It Bq Er EIO
 128 An I/O error occurred while making the directory entry
 129 or allocating the inode.
 130 .\" ==========
 131 .It Bq Er EIO
 132 An I/O error occurred while reading from or writing to the file system.
 133 .\" ==========
 134 .It Bq Er EISDIR
 135 The named file is the root directory.
 136 .\" ==========
 137 .It Bq Er ELOOP
 138 Too many symbolic links were encountered in translating the pathname.
 139 This is taken to be indicative of a looping symbolic link.
 140 .\" ==========
 141 .It Bq Er EMLINK
 142 The parent directory already has {LINK_MAX} links.
 143 .\" ==========
 144 .It Bq Er ENAMETOOLONG
 145 A component of a pathname exceeded
 146 .Dv {NAME_MAX}
 147 characters, or an entire path name exceeded
 148 .Dv {PATH_MAX}
 149 characters.
 150 .\" ==========
 151 .It Bq Er ENOENT
 152 A component of the path prefix does not exist
 153 or path is an empty string.
 154 .It Bq Er ENOSPC
 155 The new directory cannot be created because there is no space left
 156 on the file system that would contain it.
 157 .\" ==========
 158 .It Bq Er ENOSPC
 159 There are no free inodes on the file system on which the
 160 directory is being created.
 161 .\" ==========
 162 .It Bq Er ENOTDIR
 163 A component of the path prefix is not a directory.
 164 .\" ==========
 165 .It Bq Er EROFS
 166 The parent directory resides on a read-only file system.
 167 .El
 168 .Pp
 169 In addition to the errors returned by the
 170 .Fn mkdir ,
 171 the
 172 .Fn mkdirat
 173 function may fail if:
 174 .Bl -tag -width Er
 175 .It Bq Er EBADF
 176 The
 177 .Fa path
 178 argument does not specify an absolute path and the
 179 .Fa fd
 180 argument is neither
 181 .Dv AT_FDCWD
 182 nor a valid file descriptor open for searching.
 183 .It Bq Er ENOTDIR
 184 The
 185 .Fa path
 186 argument is not an absolute path and
 187 .Fa fd
 188 is neither
 189 .Dv AT_FDCWD
 190 nor a file descriptor associated with a directory.
 191 .El
 192 .Sh EXAMPLE
 193 .Bd -literal -offset indent
 194
 195 int main (int argc, const char * argv[])
 196 {
 197         /* The behavior of mkdir is undefined for anything other than the "permission" bits */
 198         if (mkdir("/tmp/blah", 0777))
 199                 perror("/tmp/blah");
 200
 201         /* So we need to set the sticky/executable bits explicitly with chmod after calling mkdir */
 202         if (chmod("/tmp/blah", 07777))
 203                 perror("/tmp/blah");
 204 }
 205
 206 .Ed
 207 .Sh LEGACY SYNOPSIS
 208 .Fd #include <sys/types.h>
 209 .Fd #include <sys/stat.h>
 210 .Pp
 211 The include file
 212 .In sys/types.h
 213 is necessary.
 214 .Sh SEE ALSO
 215 .Xr chmod 2 ,
 216 .Xr stat 2 ,
 217 .Xr umask 2 ,
 218 .Xr compat 5
 219 .Sh STANDARDS
 220 The
 221 .Fn mkdir
 222 function conforms to
 223 .St -p1003.1-88 .
 224 The
 225 .Fn mkdirat
 226 system call is expected to conform to POSIX.1-2008 .
 227 .Sh HISTORY
 228 The
 229 .Fn mkdirat
 230 system call appeared in OS X 10.10