-# @(#)europe 7.83
+# @(#)europe 7.88
# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated),
# which I found in the UCLA library.
#
+# <a href="http://www.pettswoodvillage.co.uk/Daylight_Savings_William_Willett.pdf">
+# William Willett, The Waste of Daylight, 19th edition
+# </a> (1914-03)
+#
# Brazil's Departamento Servico da Hora (DSH),
# <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HISTHV.htm">
# History of Summer Time
# transition date for London, namely 1847-12-01. We don't know as much
# about Dublin, so we use 1880-08-02, the legal transition time.
-# From Paul Eggert (1999-01-30):
+# From Paul Eggert (2003-09-27):
# Summer Time was first seriously proposed by William Willett (1857-1915),
# a London builder and member of the Royal Astronomical Society
# who circulated a pamphlet ``The Waste of Daylight'' (1907)
# and retarding them by the same amount on four Sundays in September.
# A bill was drafted in 1909 and introduced in Parliament several times,
# but it met with ridicule and opposition, especially from farming interests.
-# One-hour Summer Time was eventually adopted as a wartime measure in 1916.
-# See:
-# <a href="http://www.the-times.co.uk/news/pages/tim/2000/05/18/x-timcrtcrt01011.html">
-# Summer Time Arrives Early, The Times (2000-05-18)
-# </a>
-# A monument was erected in 1927 to Willett, in an open space in a 45-acre wood
-# near Chiselhurst, Kent that was purchased by popular subscription and open
-# to the public.
+# Later editions of the pamphlet proposed one-hour summer time, and
+# it was eventually adopted as a wartime measure in 1916.
+# See: Summer Time Arrives Early, The Times (2000-05-18).
+# A monument to Willett was unveiled on 1927-05-21, in an open space in
+# a 45-acre wood near Chislehurst, Kent that was purchased by popular
+# subscription and open to the public. On the south face of the monolith,
+# designed by G. W. Miller, is the the William Willett Memorial Sundial,
+# which is permanently set to Summer Time.
+
+# From Winston Churchill (1934-04-28):
+# It is one of the paradoxes of history that we should owe the boon of
+# summer time, which gives every year to the people of this country
+# between 160 and 170 hours more daylight leisure, to a war which
+# plunged Europe into darkness for four years, and shook the
+# foundations of civilization throughout the world.
+# -- <a href="http://www.winstonchurchill.org/fh114willett.htm">
+# "A Silent Toast to William Willett", Pictorial Weekly
+# </a>
# From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03):
# The OED Supplement says that the English originally said ``Daylight Saving''
# Croatia
# see Serbia and Montenegro
+# Cyprus
+# See the `asia' file.
+
# Czech Republic
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Czech 1945 only - Apr 8 2:00s 1:00 S
2:00 Finland EE%sT 1981 Mar 29 2:00
2:00 EU EE%sT
+# Aaland Is
+Link Europe/Helsinki Europe/Mariehamn
+
+
# France
# From Ciro Discepolo (2000-12-20):
2:00 1:00 EEST 1989 Sep lastSun 2:00s
2:00 Latvia EE%sT 1997 Jan 21
2:00 EU EE%sT 2000 Feb 29
- 2:00 - EET 2001
+ 2:00 - EET 2001 Jan 2
2:00 EU EE%sT
# Liechtenstein
Rule Port 1981 1982 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 S
Rule Port 1983 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+# Shanks says that the transition from LMT to WET occurred 1911-05-24;
+# Willett says 1912-01-01. Go with Willett.
Zone Europe/Lisbon -0:36:32 - LMT 1884
- -0:36:32 - LMT 1911 May 24 # Lisbon Mean Time
+ -0:36:32 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 # Lisbon Mean Time
0:00 Port WE%sT 1966 Apr 3 2:00
1:00 - CET 1976 Sep 26 1:00
0:00 Port WE%sT 1983 Sep 25 1:00s
#
# From Andrey A. Chernov <ache@nagual.ru> (1996-10-04):
# `MSK' and `MSD' were born and used initially on Moscow computers with
-# Unix-like OSes by several developer groups (e.g. Demos group, Kiae group)....
+# UNIX-like OSes by several developer groups (e.g. Demos group, Kiae group)....
# The next step was the UUCP network, the Relcom predecessor
# (used mainly for mail), and MSK/MSD was actively used there.
#
7:00 Russia IRK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
8:00 Russia IRK%sT
#
-# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of]
+# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2003-10-18): [This region consists of]
# Aginskij Buryatskij avtonomnyj okrug, Amurskaya oblast',
# [parts of] Respublika Sakha (Yakutiya), Chitinskaya oblast'.
-#
-# From Alan Pritchard (2001-08-24): [The Sakha districts are:]
-# Aldansky, Amginsky, Anabarsky, Bulunsky, Churapchinsky,
-# Eveno-Bytantaisky, Gorny, Khangalassky, Kobyaisky, Lensky,
-# Megino-Kangalassky, Mirninsky, Namsky, Nyurbinsky, Olenyoksky,
-# Olyokminsky, Srednekolymsky, Suntarsky, Tattinsky, Ust-Aldansky,
-# Verkhnekolymsky, Verkhnevilyuisky, Vilyuisky, Zhigansky.
+# The Sakha districts are: Aldanskij, Amginskij, Anabarskij,
+# Bulunskij, Verkhnekolymskij, Verkhnevilyujskij, Vilyujskij, Gornyj,
+# Zhiganskij, Kobyajskij, Lenskij, Megino-Kangalasskij, Mirninskij,
+# Namskij, Nyurbinskij, Olenekskij, Olekminskij, Srednekolymskij,
+# Suntarskij, Tattinskij, Ust'-Aldanskij, Khangalasskij,
+# Churapchinskij, Eveno-Bytantajskij.
Zone Asia/Yakutsk 8:38:40 - LMT 1919 Dec 15
8:00 - YAKT 1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time
9:00 Russia YAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
8:00 Russia YAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
9:00 Russia YAK%sT
#
-# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of]
+# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2003-10-18): [This region consists of]
# Evrejskaya avtonomnaya oblast', Khabarovskij kraj, Primorskij kraj,
# [parts of] Respublika Sakha (Yakutiya).
-#
-# From Alan Pritchard (2001-08-24): [The Sakha districts are:]
-# Tomponsky, Ust-Maisky, Ust-Yansky, Verkhoyansky.
+# The Sakha districts are: Verkhoyanskij, Tomponskij, Ust'-Majskij,
+# Ust'-Yanskij.
Zone Asia/Vladivostok 8:47:44 - LMT 1922 Nov 15
9:00 - VLAT 1930 Jun 21 # Vladivostok Time
10:00 Russia VLA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
11:00 Russia SAK%sT 1997 Mar lastSun 2:00s
10:00 Russia SAK%sT
#
-# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of]
+# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2003-10-18): [This region consists of]
# Magadanskaya oblast', Respublika Sakha (Yakutiya).
-#
-# From Alan Pritchard (2001-08-24): [The Sakha districts are:]
-# Abyisky, Allaikhovsky, Momsky, Nizhnekolymsky, Oimyakonsky.
+# Probably also: Kuril Islands.
+# The Sakha districts are: Abyjskij, Allaikhovskij, Momskij,
+# Nizhnekolymskij, Ojmyakonskij.
Zone Asia/Magadan 10:03:12 - LMT 1924 May 2
10:00 - MAGT 1930 Jun 21 # Magadan Time
11:00 Russia MAG%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
projects / apple / system_cmds.git / blobdiff