passwd.tproj/passwd.1

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  32 .\"     @(#)passwd.1    8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93
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  34 .Dd August 18, 2008
  35 .Dt PASSWD 1
  36 .Os "Mac OS X"
  37 .Sh NAME
  38 .Nm passwd
  39 .Nd modify a user's password
  40 .Sh SYNOPSIS
  41 .Nm passwd
  42 .Op Fl i Ar infosystem Op Fl l Ar location
  43 .Op Fl u Ar authname
  44 .Op Ar user
  45 .Sh DESCRIPTION
  46 The
  47 .Nm
  48 utility changes the user's password.
  49 If the user is not the super-user,
  50 .Nm
  51 first prompts for the current password and will not continue unless the correct
  52 password is entered.
  53 .Pp
  54 When entering the new password, the characters entered do not echo, in order to
  55 avoid the password being seen by a passer-by.
  56 The
  57 .Nm
  58 utility prompts for the new password twice in order to detect typing errors.
  59 .Pp
  60 The new password should be at least six characters long
  61 and not purely alphabetic.
  62 Its total length should be less than
  63 .Dv _PASSWORD_LEN
  64 (currently 128 characters),
  65 although some directory systems allow longer passwords.
  66 Numbers, upper
  67 case letters, and meta characters are encouraged.
  68 .Pp
  69 Once the password has been verified,
  70 .Nm
  71 communicates the new password to the directory system.
  72 .Bl -tag -width flag
  73 .It Fl i Ar infosystem
  74 This option specifies where the password update should be applied.
  75 Under Mac OS X 10.5 and later, supported directory systems are:
  76 .Bl -tag -width flag
  77 .It Ar PAM
  78 (default) Pluggable Authentication Modules.
  79 .It Ar opendirectory
  80 A system conforming to Open Directory APIs and supporting updates
  81 (including LDAP, etc).
  82 If no -l option is specified, the search node is used.
  83 .It Ar file
  84 The local flat-files (included for legacy configurations).
  85 .It Ar nis
  86 A remote NIS server containing the user's password.
  87 .El
  88 .It Fl l Ar location
  89 This option causes the password to be updated in the given location
  90 of the chosen directory system.
  91 .Bl -tag -width flag
  92 .It for file,
  93 location may be a file name (/etc/master.passwd is the default)
  94 .It for nis,
  95 location may be a NIS domainname
  96 .It for opendirectory,
  97 location may be a directory node name
  98 .It for PAM,
  99 location is not used
 100 .El
 101 .It Fl u Ar authname
 102 This option specifies the user name to use when authenticating to
 103 the directory node.
 104 .It Ar user
 105 This optional argument specifies the user account whose password will be
 106 changed.  This account's current password may be required, even when run as the
 107 super-user, depending on the directory system.
 108 .El
 109 .Sh FILES
 110 .Bl -tag -width /etc/master.passwd -compact
 111 .It Pa /etc/master.passwd
 112 The user database
 113 .It Pa /etc/passwd
 114 A Version 7 format password file
 115 .It Pa /etc/passwd.XXXXXX
 116 Temporary copy of the password file
 117 .El
 118 .Sh SEE ALSO
 119 .Xr chpass 1 ,
 120 .Xr login 1 ,
 121 .Xr dscl 1 ,
 122 .Xr passwd 5 ,
 123 .Xr pwd_mkdb 8 ,
 124 .Xr vipw 8
 125 .Rs
 126 .%A Robert Morris
 127 .%A Ken Thompson
 128 .%T "UNIX password security"
 129 .Re
 130 .Sh HISTORY
 131 A
 132 .Nm passwd
 133 command appeared in
 134 .At v6 .